Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| infectious bronchitis virus from chickens in al-hasa, saudi arabia 2015-2016. | this study aimed to isolate some of the currently circulating infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains from some broiler chicken farms in al-hasa and to do some molecular characteristics of these strains. | 2019 | 31089313 |
| occurrence of infectious bronchitis in layer birds in plateau state, north central nigeria. | a flock of 54 wk-old layer birds exhibiting signs of respiratory distress, greenish diarrhea, and drop in egg production was investigated. a marked drop in egg production (55%) was recorded with eggs appearing white and soft-shelled. mortality was in the range of 1%-2% with post-mortem lesions revealing cloudy air sacs, frothy, and congested lungs. viral rna was extracted from pooled tissue samples (trachea, lungs, spleen, and liver) and tested for avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease ... | 2019 | 31086770 |
| spotlight on avian pathology: infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis is a highly infectious disease of the domestic chicken of all ages and type, affecting the respiratory, renal and reproductive systems. secondary bacterial infections are common and have a serious economic and welfare impact. many genotypic and serotypic variants of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) exist worldwide, making diagnosis difficult, and challenging control strategies. vaccination, requiring the use of both live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines, is needed to co ... | 2019 | 31084356 |
| pathogenicity of a gi-22 genotype infectious bronchitis virus isolated in china and protection against it afforded by gi-19 vaccine. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a globally circulating bird disease caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in china, the most prevalent ibv genotype is gi-19/qx-like because the protective efficiency of the classical ibv vaccine is low, and new gi-19 vaccines are under development. in 2018, a gi-22 genotype strain ck/ch/lgd/2018 (abbreviated 'lgd') was isolated in northern china, which caused 10%-30% morality in h120-vaccinated chickens. a phylogenetic analysis showed that this new iso ... | 2019 | 31082454 |
| s gene and 5a accessory gene are responsible for the attenuation of virulent infectious bronchitis coronavirus. | to explore the critical genes associated with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) virulence, we compared the genome sequences of virulent yn strain and its attenuated strain ayn. accumulation of mutations in the s gene and the accessory gene 5a were observed, suggesting a potential role in the loss of viral pathogenicity. two recombinant ibvs (ribvs) with replacement of the s gene or 5a with corresponding regions from ayn were rescued to verify this speculation. embryo mortality time/rate showed t ... | 2019 | 31078931 |
| a novel immunochromatographic strip for antigen detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes considerable economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide, including taiwan. ibv is among the most important pathogens in chickens, and it spreads rapidly among flocks. in addition to dozens of known serotypes, new viral variants have emerged due to the viral evolution and antigenic variation in ibvs. therefore, the development of a sensitive, specific, and easily performed assay is crucial for the rapid detection and surveillance of ibv infect ... | 2019 | 31064083 |
| attenuation of infectious bronchitis virus in eggs results in different patterns of genomic variation across multiple replicates. | the gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes an acute, highly contagious respiratory disease of poultry. live attenuated vaccines are traditionally generated by serial passage of a virulent strain in embryonated chicken eggs; however, the molecular mechanism of attenuation is unknown. m41-ck, a virulent lab-adapted strain of ibv, was egg passaged over 100 times in four parallel independent replicates. all four final egg-passaged viruses were attenuated in vivo and exhibited simi ... | 2019 | 31043525 |
| genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function may not show synchronised responses to mitochondria in shell gland of laying chickens under infectious bronchitis virus challenge. | egg formation takes place in the oviduct of laying hens over a 24 h period. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes pathological lesions in the chicken oviduct. in the current study, mitochondrial counts were determined in three different segments of the oviduct during egg formation in laying chickens challenged with ibv t strain. nuclear dna encoded genes that are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, fission and function were studied in the shell gland of the oviduct undergoing virus multipli ... | 2019 | 31041887 |
| molecular characterization of pathogenic 4/91-like and qx-like infectious bronchitis virus infecting commercial poultry farms in indonesia. | existing data on the characteristics of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) gathered throughout indonesia have been recognized to indicate variants similar to globally distributed vaccine strains. despite past and current intensive vaccination programs, ibv infections in the country's poultry industry have not been effectively controlled. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the genotype of several isolates based on partial s1 gene sequences. in particular, the investigation is directed to f ... | 2019 | 31040571 |
| genetic characterization of s1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from commercial poultry flocks in west java, indonesia. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is still a major problem among poultry industry in indonesia, ib outbreaks continue to happen even in vaccinated flocks. the emergence of new ib virus (ibv) variants might lead to mismatching between vaccine virus strain and circulating virus strain, this may be a reason of vaccination failure. information about circulating ibv in a region is important to decide which ib vaccine should be used. however, information about recent ibv strains which circulated in indonesia ... | 2019 | 31040563 |
| protection conferred by a vaccine derived from an inactivated egyptian variant of infectious bronchitis virus: a challenge experiment. | the current study investigated the protective efficacy of a formalin-inactivated infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine derived from the field strain kp729422, which exhibits low s1 spike protein sequence homology (77.1-79.8%) with the currently used vaccine strains in egypt. two-week-old, specific-pathogen-free chickens were subcutaneously inoculated with a single dose of the vaccine containing 106.7 50% embryo infective dose (eid50) of the inactivated virus. at 6 weeks of age, the chickens ... | 2019 | 31020540 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of s1 gene among iranian avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated during 2001-2002. | infectious bronchitis (ib) virus genome codes for four structural proteins, among which the s1 subunit of spike glycoprotein comprises the major epitopes to induce neutralizing antibodies. this study involved the comparison of the full s1 sequences of five ib viruses, namely two massachusetts and three 793/b serotypes, isolated from ib outbreaks during 2001-2002, with all other iranian and foreign 793/b isolates and 10 known serotypes. analysis of s1 subunit showed three unique amino acid change ... | 2019 | 31013004 |
| a two-year prospective study of small poultry flocks in ontario, canada, part 1: prevalence of viral and bacterial pathogens. | in ontario, within the past few years, there has been a marked increase in the number of non-commercial poultry flocks (referred to as "small flocks"). small poultry flocks may act as a reservoir of avian and zoonotic pathogens, given the flocks' limited access to veterinary services, inadequate biosecurity practices, and increased risk of contact with wild birds. despite these potential risks, there is a scarcity of data concerning the prevalence of poultry and zoonotic pathogens among these fl ... | 2019 | 30973091 |
| surveillance for avibacterium paragallinarum in autopsy cases of birds from small chicken flocks using a real-time pcr assay. | infectious coryza is a severe respiratory disease of chickens associated with large economic losses in affected commercial flocks. the fastidious causative pathogen, avibacterium paragallinarum, is difficult to recover and identify, resulting in delayed diagnosis and enhanced spread of the agent. small poultry flocks are increasingly common in rural and suburban environments. we assessed the frequency of a. paragallinarum using real-time pcr and clinical conditions present in samples from such f ... | 2019 | 30973083 |
| glycosylation of the viral attachment protein of avian coronavirus is essential for host cell and receptor binding. | avian coronaviruses, including infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), are important respiratory pathogens of poultry. the heavily glycosylated ibv spike protein is responsible for binding to host tissues. glycosylation sites in the spike protein are highly conserved across viral genotypes, suggesting an important role for this modification in the virus life cycle. here, we analyzed the n-glycosylation of the receptor-binding domain (rbd) of ibv strain m41 spike protein and assessed the role of this ... | 2019 | 30902814 |
| construction and immunogenicity of novel chimeric virus-like particles bearing antigens of infectious bronchitis virus and newcastle disease virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv) are two poultry pathogens seriously affecting the poultry industry. here, ibv s1 and the ectodomain of ndv f proteins were separately linked with the trans-membrane and carboxy-terminal domain of ibv s protein (stmct), composing rs and rf; thus, a novel chimeric infectious bronchitis-newcastle disease (ib-nd) virus-like particles (vlps) vaccine containing the rs, rf, and ibv m protein was constructed. under the transmission elec ... | 2019 | 30871190 |
| memory immune responses and protection of chickens against a nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus strain by combining live heterologous and inactivated homologous vaccines. | in this study, we evaluated antibody and cell-mediated immune (cmi) responses in the mucosal and systemic compartments and protection against challenge with a nephropathogenic brazilian (br-i) strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in chickens submitted to a vaccination regime comprising a priming dose of heterologous live attenuated massachusetts vaccine followed by a booster dose of an experimental homologous inactivated vaccine two weeks later. this immunization protocol elicited signifi ... | 2019 | 30867350 |
| repeated avian infectious bronchitis virus infections within a single chicken farm. | genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was performed on trachea and kidney samples of six chickens obtained from a single farm in japan. using two primer sets targeting the spike (s) protein gene, the s1 and s2 regions of dna fragments were amplified. sequences of amplified s1 fragments extracted from both organs were identical among the six chickens, showing a jp-i genotype. sequences of amplified s2 fragments differed between trachea and kidney samples. the kidney profile showed ... | 2019 | 30828040 |
| efficient fecal-oral and possible vertical, but not respiratory, transmission of emerging chlamydia gallinacea in broilers. | chlamydia gallinacea is an endemic chlamydia agent in poultry with a worldwide distribution. the aim of this study was to investigate whether c. gallinacea can be transmitted via fecal-oral, respiratory and vertical routes. after co-housing with c. gallinacea-inoculated broilers (n = 10) for 15 days, over 90.0% of spf broilers (n = 10) became c. gallinacea-positive in their oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs. connection of isolators with ventilation tubing resulted in transmission of infectious bro ... | 2019 | 30827411 |
| novel genotype of infectious bronchitis virus isolated in china. | recombination events are known to contribute to the emergence of novel infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotypes. in this study, we carried out detailed phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparisons based on 74 complete nucleotide sequences of the ibv s1 gene, including strain i0636/16 and 73 representative sequences from each genotype and lineage. the results showed that strain i0636/16 represented a novel genotype, designated as lineage 1 within genotype vii (gvii-1). further comparative ge ... | 2019 | 30827386 |
| chicken anaemia virus enhances and prolongs subsequent avian influenza (h9n2) and infectious bronchitis viral infections. | immunosuppressive viral diseases have a great economic importance in the poultry industry due to the increased susceptibility to secondary infections. chicken anaemia virus (cav) is one of the major immunosuppressive diseases in chickens. in addition, low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) of subtype h9n2 and infectious bronchitis (ib) viruses are among the most frequently reported respiratory viral diseases in poultry worldwide. in the present study, specific pathogen free chickens were used to ... | 2019 | 30827377 |
| immunoprofiling of peripheral blood from infectious bronchitis virus vaccinated mhc-b chicken lines - monocyte mhc-ii expression as a potential correlate of protection. | vaccination programs are implemented in poultry farms to limit outbreaks and spread of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which is a substantial economic burden in the poultry industry. immune correlates, used to predict vaccine efficacy, have proved difficult to find for ibv-vaccine-induced protection. to find correlates of ibv-vaccine-induced protection, hence, we employed a flow cytometric assay to quantify peripheral leucocyte subsets and expression of cell surface markers of six different n ... | 2019 | 30763593 |
| the 3d8 single chain variable fragment protein suppress infectious bronchitis virus transmission in the transgenic chickens. | infectious bronchitis (ib) generated by the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes economic difficulties for livestock farmers. the 3d8 single chain variable fragment (scfv) protein is a recombinant antibody with nuclease activity that shows antiviral effects against various dna and rna viruses in mice and chickens. in this experiment, 3d8 scfv g2 transgenic chickens produced by crossing 3d8 scfv g1 transgenic rooster and wild type hens were screened by genomic pcr and immunohistochemistry ana ... | 2019 | 30738233 |
| genetic and biological characteristics of four novel recombinant avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in china. | infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) of gi-13 (793/b) and gi-19 (qx/lx4) lineages have been frequently detected in china in recent years. naturally recombinant ibvs originating from the gi-13 and gi-19 lineages have also been isolated from chicken flocks with respiratory and renal problems in china. thorough genetic and biological investigations of these recombinant viruses have led to speculation regarding their origin, evolution, and control. in order to confirm the previous results and furthe ... | 2019 | 30641197 |
| evaluation of bacteriophage efficacy in reducing the impact of single and mixed infections with escherichia coli and infectious bronchitis in chickens. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) represents a major threat to poultry production worldwide particularly when complicated with bacterial infection. in the present study samples were collected from forty broiler farms with respiratory manifestations to characterize ibv and e. coli. bacteriophages were isolated and enriched from sampled farms to study its efficacy to control single and mixed infections with e. coli and ibv in vivo. twelve out of forty farms were positive for ibv. phylogenetic anal ... | 2019 | 31839902 |
| characterization of an outbreak of infectious coryza (avibacterium paragallinarum) in commercial chickens in central california. | in 2017, the turlock branch of the california animal health & food safety laboratory system received a significant increase in infectious coryza (ic) necropsy cases, with a total of 54 submissions originating from commercial broilers (n = 40), commercial layers (n = 11), and backyard chickens (n = 3). layer flocks positive for ic were distributed within the adjacent counties of merced and stanislaus, while broiler flocks were concentrated within merced county. the backyard flocks were located in ... | 2019 | 31967433 |
| isolation and characterization of avian coronavirus from healthy eclectus parrots (eclectus roratus) from indonesia. | avian coronavirus has a wide range of hosts, from chickens and turkeys to wild birds. this virus causes an economically and, possibly, environmentally, important loss in the poultry industry. therefore, research into the avian coronavirus in various species of birds is required. the eclectus parrot (eclectus roratus) is an endemic bird to indonesia and northern australia and often kept as pets. at present, there has been limited information about avian coronavirus infection among birds. this stu ... | 2019 | 32009759 |
| infections and pathology of free-roaming backyard chickens on st. kitts, west indies. | free-roaming chickens on caribbean islands are important sentinels for local avian diseases and those introduced by birds migrating through the americas. we studied 81 apparently healthy unvaccinated free-roaming chickens from 9 parishes on st. kitts, an eastern caribbean island. using commercial elisas, no chickens had antibodies against avian influenza virus, west nile virus, or salmonella enteritidis, although seropositivity was high to infectious bursal disease virus (86%), infectious bronch ... | 2019 | 30973088 |
| molecular survey and interaction of common respiratory pathogens in chicken flocks (field perspective). | the present study was designed for the detection of the most prevalent respiratory infections in chicken flocks and clarifying their interaction and impact on flock health. | 2019 | 32095050 |
| antigenic and pathogenic characteristics of qx-type avian infectious bronchitis virus strains isolated in southwestern china. | the qx-type avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is still a prevalent genotype in southwestern china. to analyze the antigenicity and pathogenicity characteristics of the dominant genotype strains (qx-type), s1 gene sequence analysis, virus cross-neutralization tests, and pathogenicity test of eight qx-type ibv isolates were conducted. sequence analysis showed that the nucleotide homology between the eight strains was high, but distantly related to h120 and 4/91 vaccine strains. cross-neutral ... | 2019 | 31847269 |
| production of recombinant n protein of infectious bronchitis virus using the baculovirus expression system and its assessment as a diagnostic antigen. | the avian coronavirus-infectious bronchitis virus (avcov-ibv) is recognized as an important avian pathogen, and new viral variants are a continuous threat to the poultry industry worldwide. sensitive diagnostics and efficacious vaccines are necessary to combat ibv infections in chickens. the aim of this study was to produce recombinant n protein of ibv in the baculovirus system to use in elisa diagnostic tests in order to enable the assessment of the sero-prevalence and risk of ibv infections in ... | 2019 | 29987628 |
| the s2 subunit of qx-type infectious bronchitis coronavirus spike protein is an essential determinant of neurotropism. | some coronaviruses (covs) have an extra furin cleavage site (rrkr/s, furin-s2' site) upstream of the fusion peptide in the spike protein, which plays roles in virion adsorption and fusion. mutation of the s2' site of qx genotype (qx-type) infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) spike protein (s) in a recombinant virus background results in higher pathogenicity, pronounced neural symptoms and neurotropism when compared with conditions in wild-type ibv (wt-ibv) infected chickens. in this study, we prese ... | 2019 | 31652591 |
| molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses in commercial chicken flocks in pakistan from 2014 through to 2016. | viral diseases are a matter of great concern for poultry farmers in pakistan. multiple common viral respiratory diseases (cvrds) cause huge economic losses in the poultry industry. the prevalence of cvrds in many countries, including pakistan, is not clearly understood. | 2019 | 31638995 |
| comparative protective immunity provided by live vaccines of newcastle disease virus or avian metapneumovirus when co-administered alongside classical and variant strains of infectious bronchitis virus in day-old broiler chicks. | this study reports on the simultaneous administration of live ndv or ampv subtype b vaccines alongside two live ibv (massachusetts-h120 and 793b-cr88) vaccines in day-old maternal-antibody positive commercial broiler chicks. in the first experiment, chicks were divided into four groups; one unvaccinated and three groups vaccinated with live ndv vg/ga-avinew, live h120 + cr88, or vg/ga-avinew + h120 + cr88. in the second experiment, live ampv subtype b vaccine was used in place of ndv. clinical s ... | 2019 | 31607602 |
| rapid and sensitive real-time recombinase polymerase amplification for detection of marek's disease virus. | marek's disease (md) is one of the most devastating diseases of poultry. it's caused by the highly infectious alphaherpesvirus md virus serotype 1 (mdv-1). in this study, a rapid and easy-to-use assay based on recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa) was developed for mdv detection. primer-probe sets targeting the highly conserved region of meq gene were designed and applied to the rpa assay. the assay was carried out on a real-time thermostatic fluorescence detector at 39 °c for 20 min. as re ... | 2019 | 31580913 |
| genetic analysis of avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus in yellow chickens in southern china over the past decade: revealing the changes of genetic diversity, dominant genotypes, and selection pressure. | the high mutation rates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) pose economic threats to the poultry industry. in order to track the genetic evolutionary of ibv isolates circulating in yellow chickens, we continued to conduct the genetic analyses of the structural genes s1, e, m, and n from 64 ibv isolates in southern china during 2009-2017. the results showed that the dominant genotypes based on the four genes had changed when compared with those during 1985-2008. based on the s1 gene phylogenetic ... | 2019 | 31561498 |
| rapid detection of avian leukosis virus using a fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic test strip assay. | we developed a rapid fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic test strip (fm-icts) assay for the quantitative detection of avian leukosis virus (alv). a monoclonal antibody specific for the alv major capsid protein encoded by the gag gene was coupled to label fluorescent microspheres. alv antibodies were coated on a nitrocellulose membrane to prepare a test line for sample detection. the fluorescence signals of the test and control lines can be read either visually by exposure to uv light o ... | 2019 | 31553793 |
| recombinase polymerase amplification-nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassays for newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus detection. | newcastle disease virus (ndv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are two poultry pathogens affecting the respiratory tract of chickens, and cause major economic losses in the industry. rapid detection of these viruses is crucial to inform implementation of appropriate control measures. the objective of our study is developing a simple, rapid and field applicable recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa)-nucleic acid lateral flow (nalf) immunoassay for detection of ndv and ibv. isothermal amp ... | 2019 | 31549369 |
| peptides with 16r in s2 protein showed broad reactions with sera against different types of infectious bronchitis viruses. | vaccination plays a vital role in controlling diseases caused by chicken infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the continuously variant antigenicity of ibv limits the application of current vaccine strategies and serological diagnostic systems. s2 protein is an invariant that harbors broad neutralizing epitopes. however, little is known about the key amino acids that contribute to the broad-spectrum s2 epitopes. in this study, we aimed to elucidate the specific amino acids contributing to s2 epitop ... | 2019 | 31500728 |
| ambient ammonia does not appear to inhibit the immune response to infectious bronchitis virus vaccination and protection from homologous challenge in broiler chickens. | commercial broilers are commonly exposed to gaseous ammonia (nh3) originating from degradation of nitrogen-containing excreta in the litter during the grow-out period. ammonia concentrations in the air are higher in poorly ventilated houses and appear to coincide with the elevated incidence of respiratory disease occurring during the winter months. this study examined the effect of nh3 on the immune response to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccination and protection against homologous serot ... | 2019 | 31472338 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from chicken in bangladesh. | the present study was aimed to determine the prevalence of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) as well as virus isolation, identification, and molecular characterization of various strains circulating in bangladesh. | 2019 | 31440013 |
| first complete genome sequence of currently circulating infectious bronchitis virus strain dmv/1639 of the gi-17 lineage. | avian infectious bronchitis virus is the causative agent of a highly contagious disease that results in severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. here, we report the first coding-complete genome sequence of strain dmv/1639 of the gi-17 lineage, isolated from broiler chickens in georgia in 2019. | 2019 | 31439703 |
| successful establishment of a reverse genetic system for qx-type infectious bronchitis virus and technical improvement of the rescue procedure. | in this study, a pathogenic avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) qx-type strain yn was successfully rescued by vaccinia virus based reverse genetic technology. ten fragments contiguously spanning the complete ibv genome were amplified and cloned into the vaccinia virus genome by homologous recombination. the full-length genomic cdna was transcribed in vitro, and its transcript was transfected into bhk-21/n cells that could stably express ibv n protein. at 48 h post transfection, the culture m ... | 2019 | 31430502 |
| a recombinant la sota vaccine strain expressing multiple epitopes of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) protects specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens against ibv and ndv challenges. | infectious bronchitis (ib) and newcastle disease (nd) are two major infectious diseases that are a threat to the domestic poultry industry. in this study, we successfully generated a recombinant lasota candidate vaccine strain, rndv-ibv-t/b, which expresses a short, synthetic, previously identified ibv s1 multi-epitope cassette using the reverse genetic system. the recombinant virus was propagated in nine-day-old embryonated chicken eggs for 20 passages and genetic stability was confirmed by who ... | 2019 | 31683905 |
| attenuation and amino acid changes in infectious bronchitis virus iranian 793/b serotype during serial passaging in embryonated chicken eggs. | the use of live attenuated vaccine (lav) is the main method for controlling infectious bronchitis (ib). it is advisable to develop a lav using a dominant serotype in the region in the case of vaccine failure. since 793/b serotype is one of the most predominant circulating ib viruses in iran, attenuation of three iranian 793/b isolates (ir/773/2001, ir/794/2002 and ir/520/2002) was done by serial passaging in specific pathogen free (spf) embryonated chicken eggs up to 90 passages to assess the de ... | 2019 | 31802683 |
| pathogenicity of a qx-like strain of infectious bronchitis virus and effects of accessory proteins 3a and 3b in chickens. | qx-like genotype infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has become prevalent in recent years. few studies have reported the effects of accessory proteins 3a and 3b on pathogenicity in vivo. we developed a reverse genetics system to manipulate the genome of a qx-like ibv strain ibyz. recombinant viruses ribyz-scaug3a, ribyz-scaug3b and ribyz-scaug3ab were generated. these viruses do not express the accessory proteins 3a, 3b, or 3ab due to a mutation in the aug start codons. in spf embryonated eggs, th ... | 2019 | 31767070 |
| delmarva (dmv/1639) infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variants isolated in eastern canada show evidence of recombination. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection in chickens can lead to an economically important disease, namely, infectious bronchitis (ib). new ibv variants are continuously emerging, which complicates vaccination-based ib control. in this study, five ibvs were isolated from clinical samples submitted to a diagnostic laboratory in ontario, canada, and subjected to detailed molecular characterization. analysis of the spike (s)1 gene showed that these five ibvs were highly related to the delmarva ( ... | 2019 | 31766215 |
| a multi-omics study of chicken infected by nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus. | chicken gout resulting from nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (nibv) has become a serious kidney disease problem in chicken worldwide with alterations of the metabolic phenotypes in multiple metabolic pathways. to investigate the mechanisms in chicken responding to nibv infection, we examined the global transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of the chicken's kidney using rna-seq and gc-tof/ms, respectively. furthermore, we analyzed the alterations in cecal microorganism composition i ... | 2019 | 31744152 |
| antiviral activity against infectious bronchitis virus and bioactive components of hypericum perforatum l. | hypericum perforatum l., also known as saint john's wort, has been well studied for its chemical composition and pharmacological activity. in this study, the antiviral activities of h. perforatum on infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were evaluated in vitro and in vivo for the first time. the results of in vitro experiments confirmed that the antiviral component of h. perforatum was ethyl acetate extraction section (hpe), and results showed that treatment with hpe significantly reduced the relati ... | 2019 | 31736754 |
| surveillance and investigative diagnosis of a poultry flock in great britain co-infected with an influenza a virus and an avirulent avian avulavirus type 1. | a detailed veterinary and laboratory investigation revealed an unusual case of concurrent avian avulavirus type 1 (aavv-1, formerly called avian paramyxovirus type 1) and low pathogenicity avian influenza (lpai) virus infections of chickens during march 2010 in a mixed poultry and livestock farm in great britain. respiratory signs and daily mortality of 5-6 birds in a broiler flock 8-weeks of age prompted submission of two carcasses to an animal and plant health agency (apha) regional laboratory ... | 2019 | 30390413 |
| prevalence of avian influenza, newcastle disease, and infectious bronchitis viruses in broiler flocks infected with multifactorial respiratory diseases in iran, 2015-2016. | in this study, the prevalence and spatial distribution of newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, and avian influenza have been evaluated in commercial broiler farms in 31 provinces in iran. in this survey, a total of 233 affected broiler chicken farms were sampled. the infectious bronchitis virus (alone) was detected with highest frequency in 60 farms, and separately or combined with other agents, in 110 farms; newcastle disease virus, separately, was detected in 28 farms, and in 63 farms sep ... | 2019 | 30377950 |
| including 793/b type avian infectious bronchitis vaccine in 1-day-old chicken increased the protection against qx genotype. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a highly infectious pathogen, which affects the respiratory tract, reproductive system, and kidney of chickens. many different genotypes of ibv are recognized which cause different clinical manifestations. according to the antigenic differences, different serotypes of the virus do not cross-protect. massachusetts serotype induces the best cross-protection against other serotypes. recently, the ibv qx genotype has been detected in iran. qx genotype causes perm ... | 2019 | 30374823 |
| evolution of infectious bronchitis virus in the field after homologous vaccination introduction. | despite the fact that vaccine resistance has been typically considered a rare phenomenon, some episodes of vaccine failure have been reported with increasing frequency in intensively-raised livestock. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a widespread avian coronavirus, whose control relies mainly on extensive vaccine administration. unfortunately, the continuous emergence of new vaccine-immunity escaping variants prompts the development of new vaccines. in the present work, a molecular epidemiol ... | 2019 | 31706335 |
| protective efficacy of different live attenuated infectious bronchitis virus vaccination regimes against challenge with ibv variant-2 circulating in the middle east. | six vaccination regimes using classical (mass-type) and variant (ib-var2 and ib-793b) live vaccines were evaluated against middle eastern variant-2 infectious bronchitis virus challenge. six groups of spf chicks (30 birds/group) were vaccinated using prime-boost regimes at day-1 and day-14 using; ib-m41:ib-var2, ib-var2:ib-var2, ib-var2:ib-m41, ib-ma5:ib-793b, ib-793b:ib-793b, and ib-793b:ib-ma5, respectively. ciliostasis and lesion scores were evaluated at day-5 after each vaccination. birds we ... | 2019 | 31649942 |
| reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick for detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the study was conducted to develop a specific, simple, and sensitive method for diagnosis of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in this experiment, the selected downstream primer was labeled with biotin and the 5' end of raa probe was labeled with fam by reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification (rt-raa) combined with lateral flow dipstick (lfd). a rt-raa-lfd assay that could be used for detection of ibv was established after optimization of rt-raa reaction time, reaction tempe ... | 2019 | 31539067 |
| molecular and antigenic characterization of gi-13 and gi-16 avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in chile from 2009 to 2017 regarding 4/91 vaccine introduction. | the introduction of the 4/91 vaccine against infectious bronchitis in chile, a lineage not described until that time in the country, led to looking for changes induced by this action. this study considers eight isolates obtained from 2009, 2015 and 2017 and uses a maximum likelihood approach to classify the field isolates. three isolates were selected to analyze antigenic relationships through a virus neutralization test and to perform protection tests measured trough an rt-qpcr. the isolates fr ... | 2019 | 31491868 |
| vaccine or field strains: the jigsaw pattern of infectious bronchitis virus molecular epidemiology in poland. | infectious bronchitis (ib), caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), account for severe economic losses in the poultry industry. the continuous emergence of a multitude of ibv variants poses many challenges for its diagnosis and control, and live attenuated vaccines, despite their routine use, still plays a significant role in driving ibv evolution, further complicating the epidemiological scenario. unfortunately, the impact of different vaccination strategies on ib control, epidemiology, an ... | 2019 | 31399745 |
| molecular detection and genetic characterization of mycoplasma gallisepticum, mycoplama synoviae, and infectious bronchitis virus in poultry in myanmar. | in southeast asian countries, including myanmar, poultry farming is a major industry. in order to manage and maintain stable productivity, it is important to establish policies for biosecurity. infectious respiratory diseases are a major threat to poultry farming. avian influenza and newcastle disease have been reported in myanmar, but no scientific information is available for other respiratory pathogens, such as mycoplasmas and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). identifying the genotypes and s ... | 2019 | 31345206 |
| development of oligonucleotide microarray for accurate and simultaneous detection of avian respiratory viral diseases. | avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and newcastle disease virus (ndv) are important avian pathogens that can cause enormous economic loss on the poultry industry. different respiratory etiological agents may induce similar clinical signs that make differential diagnosis difficult. importantly, aiv brings about severe threat to human public health. therefore, a novel method that can distinguish these viruses quickly and simultaneously is urgently needed. | 2019 | 31324180 |
| viral interference between h9n2-low pathogenic avian influenza virus and avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine strain h120 in vivo. | the interaction between a low pathogenic avian influenza virus (a/ck/tun/145/2012), a h9n2 tunisian isolate, and a vaccine strain (h120) of avian infectious bronchitis, administered simultaneously or sequentially three days apart to chicks during 20 days, was evaluated using elisa antibody levels, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) analyses and histopathology examination. first, the in vivo replication interference of avian influenza virus (aiv) and infectious ... | 2019 | 31300117 |
| genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus in iran: detection of d274 and changing in the genotypes rate. | the coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) poses economic threats to poultry farms worldwide, affecting the performance of both meat-type and egg-laying birds. to define the evolution of recent ibvs in iran, a genetic analysis based on hypervariable nucleotide sequences of s1 gene was carried out. tracheal swab samples were collected from 170 broiler flocks during 2017. ten tracheal swabs from each flock pooled. from a total number of 170 flocks tested, 84.71% found to be positive. ... | 2019 | 31300098 |
| simultaneous and visual detection of infectious bronchitis virus and newcastle disease virus by multiple lamp and lateral flow dipstick. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv) are both important viruses seriously affecting poultry industry worldwide. in this study, reverse-transcription lamp (rt-lamp) was combined with lateral flow dipstick (lfd) forming a novel detection tool which could simultaneously detect ibv and ndv visually. primers targeted the 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr) of ibv genome and the conserved region of ndv large polymerase gene (lp). the specificity and sensitivity of this multi ... | 2019 | 31265112 |
| molecular characterization of a unique variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus in tunisia. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is responsible of significant economic losses for poultry industry around the world, through evolution of its pathogenicity, inadequacy of vaccines, and virus evasion. such evasion is related to the unstable nature of its rna, in particular the s glycoprotein encoding gene, which raises great challenges with regard to the control of the disease, along with the lack of proof reading mechanisms of the rna polymerase. the emergence of new variants might be a ... | 2019 | 31265109 |
| molecular epidemiology of infectious bronchitis virus and avian metapneumovirus in greece. | respiratory diseases like infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and avian metapneumovirus (ampv) have been held accountable for major losses for poultry production. nevertheless, scarce information was present dealing with the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of these infections in greece and the efficacy of currently applied control strategies. to fill this gap, a specific epidemiological study was designed. a total of 106 broiler and layer farms, including 10 backyard and 96 commercial flocks ... | 2019 | 31264704 |
| comparative analysis of gene expression in virulent and attenuated strains of infectious bronchitis virus at subcodon resolution. | like all coronaviruses, avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) possesses a long, single-stranded, positive-sense rna genome (∼27 kb) and has a complex replication strategy that includes the production of a nested set of subgenomic mrnas (sgmrnas). here, we used whole-transcriptome sequencing (rnaseq) and ribosome profiling (riboseq) to delineate gene expression in the ibv m41-ck and beau-r strains at subcodon resolution. rnaseq facilitated a comparative analysis of viral rna synthesis and revea ... | 2019 | 31243124 |
| genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus in afghanistan (2016-2017): the first report. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious viral disease which affects the poultry industry. the virus exists in a wide variety of genotypes, and phylogenetic analysis has been used to classify infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains. | 2019 | 31191702 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of fifteen plant extracts against avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a disease that can result in huge economic losses in the poultry industry. the high level of mutations of the ib virus (ibv) leads to the emergence of new serotypes and genotypes, and limits the efficacy of routine prevention. medicinal plants, or substances derived from them, are being tested as options in the prevention of infectious diseases such as ib in many countries. the objective of this study was to investigate extracts of 15 selected medicinal plants ... | 2019 | 31142304 |
| investigation of suspected newcastle disease (nd) outbreaks in egypt uncovers a high virus velogenic nd virus burden in small-scale holdings and the presence of multiple pathogens. | highly contagious newcastle disease (nd) is associated with devastating outbreaks with highly variable clinical signs among gallinaceous birds. in this study we aimed to verify clinical nd suspicions in poultry holdings in egypt suffering from respiratory distress and elevated mortality, comparing two groups of nd-vaccinated poultry holdings in three governorates. besides testing for newcastle disease virus (ndv), samples were screened for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and avian influenza vi ... | 2019 | 31090444 |
| the er stress sensor ire1 and map kinase erk modulate autophagy induction in cells infected with coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | coronavirus infection induces the generation of autophagosomes, and certain host proteins regulating cellular autophagy are hijacked by some coronaviruses to facilitate the formation of double membrane vesicles. however, mechanisms underlying coronavirus-induced autophagy remain largely unknown. in this study, we demonstrate that autophagosome formation and apparent autophagic flux are induced in cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) - a gammacoronavirus. notably, ibv-induced aut ... | 2019 | 31082732 |
| a two-year prospective study of small poultry flocks in ontario, canada, part 2: causes of morbidity and mortality. | non-commercial poultry flocks (referred to as "small flocks") have become increasingly popular in canada. despite this popularity, little is known about the main causes of morbidity and mortality (health status) in these flocks. we assessed the baseline prevalence of infectious and non-infectious diseases among ontario's small poultry flocks by conducting a prospective surveillance study over a 2-y period. with the owner's consent, for each bird ( n = 245) submitted to the animal health laborato ... | 2019 | 30973078 |
| the infectious bronchitis coronavirus envelope protein alters golgi ph to protect the spike protein and promote the release of infectious virus. | coronaviruses (covs) assemble by budding into the lumen of the early golgi complex prior to exocytosis. the small cov envelope (e) protein plays roles in assembly, virion release, and pathogenesis. cov e has a single hydrophobic domain (hd), is targeted to golgi membranes, and has cation channel activity in vitro the e protein from avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has dramatic effects on the secretory system, which require residues in the hd. mutation of the hd of ibv e in a recombinant v ... | 2019 | 30867314 |
| n-linked glycosylation of the membrane protein ectodomain regulates infectious bronchitis virus-induced er stress response, apoptosis and pathogenesis. | coronavirus membrane (m) protein is the most abundant structural protein playing a critical role in virion assembly. previous studies show that the n-terminal ectodomain of m protein is modified by glycosylation, but its precise functions are yet to be thoroughly investigated. in this study, we confirm that n-linked glycosylation occurs at two predicted sites in the m protein ectodomain of infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv). dual mutations at the two sites (n3d/n6d) did not affect particle ... | 2019 | 30852271 |
| viral infection detection using metagenomics technology in six poultry farms of eastern china. | with rapidly increasing animal pathogen surveillance requirements, new technologies are needed for a comprehensive understanding of the roles of pathogens in the occurrence and development of animal diseases. we applied metagenomic technology to avian virus surveillance to study the main viruses infecting six poultry farms in two provinces in eastern china. cloacal/throat double swabs were collected from 60 birds at each farm according to a random sampling method. the results showed that the met ... | 2019 | 30785912 |
| genetic and antigenic heterogeneity of infectious bronchitis virus in south america: implications for control programmes. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a persistent sanitary problem for the south american poultry industry despite extensive vaccination. the ibv single-stranded rna genome has high rates of mutation and recombination that generate a notorious virus variability. since most ibv vaccines are type-specific, there is a need for constant surveillance of the circulating lineages and knowledge about their genetic and antigenic properties. here we present an integrative analysis that provides the patter ... | 2019 | 30761909 |
| development of a recombinant newcastle disease virus-vectored vaccine for infectious bronchitis virus variant strains circulating in egypt. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes a major disease problem for the poultry industry worldwide. the currently used live-attenuated vaccines have the tendency to mutate and/or recombine with circulating field strains resulting in the emergence of vaccine-derived variant viruses. in order to circumvent these issues, and to develop a vaccine that is more relevant to egypt and its neighboring countries, a recombinant avirulent newcastle disease virus (rndv) strain lasota was constructed to expr ... | 2019 | 30744668 |
| effect of pullet vaccination on development and longevity of immunity. | avian respiratory disease causes significant economic losses in commercial poultry. because of the need to protect long-lived poultry against respiratory tract pathogens from an early age, vaccination programs for pullets typically involve serial administration of a variety of vaccines, including infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). often the interval between vaccinations is only a matter of weeks, yet it is unknown whet ... | 2019 | 30717342 |
| near-complete genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus strain vfar-047 (gi-16 lineage), isolated in peru. | here, we report the near-complete genome sequence of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain vfar-047, isolated in peru in 2014. this strain was classified into gi lineage 16 (gi-16) based on both the genome and spike 1 (s1) sequence analysis. furthermore, four potential recombination events with other gi-16 and gi-11 strains were identified. | 2019 | 30714035 |
| gonadal pathogenicity of an infectious bronchitis virus strain from the massachusetts genotype. | an outbreak of infectious bronchitis caused by the ibvpr03 strain of the massachusetts genotype affected h-120 vaccinated laying hens in south brazil. we investigated the cross protection of the vaccine by assessing the traqueal ciliostasis, virus recovery, and histopathological changes typically observed in the respiratory tract. although the ibvpr03 strain is s1-genotyped as massachusetts with a high genomic similarity to the h-120 vaccine strains, surprisingly, we found no tropism or pathogen ... | 2019 | 30637657 |
| identification and formation mechanism of a novel noncoding rna produced by avian infectious bronchitis virus. | viral noncoding (nc) rnas have been shown to play important roles in viral life cycle. many viruses employ different mechanism to produce ncrnas. here, we report that coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) produces a novel ncrna in virus-infected cells. this ncrna consists of 563 nucleotides excluding a poly(a) tail, is mainly derived from the 3'-untranslated region of ibv genome, and contains a 63-nt-long of terminal leader sequence derived from the 5' end of the viral genome. using muta ... | 2019 | 30616206 |
| infectious bronchitis virus entry mainly depends on clathrin mediated endocytosis and requires classical endosomal/lysosomal system. | although several reports suggest that the entry of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) depends on lipid rafts and low ph, the endocytic route and intracellular trafficking are unclear. in this study, we aimed to shed greater light on early steps in ibv infection. by using chemical inhibitors, rna interference, and dominant negative mutants, we observed that lipid rafts and low ph was indeed required for virus entry; ibv mainly utilized the clathrin mediated endocytosis (cme) for entry; gtpase dyna ... | 2019 | 30597347 |
| the c-terminal domain of the mers coronavirus m protein contains a trans-golgi network localization signal. | coronavirus m proteins represent the major protein component of the viral envelope. they play an essential role during viral assembly by interacting with all of the other structural proteins. coronaviruses bud into the endoplasmic reticulum (er)-golgi intermediate compartment (ergic), but the mechanisms by which m proteins are transported from their site of synthesis, the er, to the budding site remain poorly understood. here, we investigated the intracellular trafficking of the middle east resp ... | 2019 | 31399512 |
| the porcine deltacoronavirus replication organelle comprises double-membrane vesicles and zippered endoplasmic reticulum with double-membrane spherules. | porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was first identified in hong kong in 2012 from samples taken from pigs in 2009. pdcov was subsequently identified in the usa in 2014 in pigs with a history of severe diarrhea. the virus has now been detected in pigs in several countries around the world. following the development of tissue culture adapted strains of pdcov, it is now possible to address questions regarding virus-host cell interactions for this genera of coronavirus. here, we presented a detailed s ... | 2019 | 31694296 |
| molecular identification of avian viruses in neotropic cormorants ( phalacrocorax brasilianus) in chile. | we identified two rna (paramyxovirus and coronavirus) and two dna (adenovirus and herpesvirus) viruses in a common aquatic bird, the neotropic cormorant ( phalacrocorax brasilianus), and determined their phylogenetic relationships to other global circulating variants. we analyzed 104 cloacal swabs from individuals collected at locations in central chile. sequences were obtained from amplicons using consensus primers targeting conserved genes of the virus families paramyxoviridae, coronaviridae, ... | 2019 | 30216128 |
| effects of beta-1,3-glucan (aletatm) on vaccination response in broiler chickens. | this 42-day study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with β-1,3-glucan (aleta™) on the vaccination response to newcastle disease virus (ndv), avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and infectious bursal disease (ibd) in a non-challenged environment. this trial included 600 chicks (all vaccinated with ibd at the hatchery) which were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: vaccination (ndv, ibv), no vaccination, or vaccination combined with feed supplemented with aleta (100 g/mt of feed). t ... | 2019 | 30476311 |
| establishment of xmap for the simultaneous detection of antibodies to newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus. | using luminex xmap (x = analyte, map = multi-analyte profiling) technology, a serological method for the simultaneous detection of antibodies to newcastle disease virus (ndv) and avian influenza virus (aiv) was established. nano-magnetic beads coated with purified ndv protein and aiv nucleoprotein were incubated with serum samples. using biotinylated rabbit anti-chicken igy and streptavidin-r-phycoerythrin, the optical signals measured by a luminex 200 detection system indicated the quantificati ... | 2019 | 30476286 |
| molecular characterization of whole genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus 624i genotype confirms the close relationship with q1 genotype. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotype q1 was detected for the first time in china in 1996, and then spread worldwide. the first report of q1 genotype in italy occurred in 2011 and a deep molecular investigation of a q1 isolated in italy in 2013 has led to speculation regarding the origin of this genotype. phylogenetic analysis of the s1 sequence of a q1 italian strain revealed a close relationship with sequences of the 624i strains circulating in italy in the early 1990s and this led to the ... | 2019 | 30126059 |
| virus neutralization study using h120, h52, 793/b antisera against iranian infectious bronchitis virus genotypes. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a major pathogen of the domestic fowl, exhibits extensive antigenic variation. ibv is a member of the coronaviridae family and the genus gammacoronavirus. a new infectious bronchitis virus serotype can emerge from only very few amino acid changes within the major peplomer glycoprotein, namely in its s1 part forming the virion spike. principally, the serotypes are identified by virus neutralization (vn) tests. this study is aimed to investigate the neutralizing ... | 2019 | 30472866 |
| infectious bronchitis virus nonstructural protein 4 alone induces membrane pairing. | positive-strand rna viruses, such as coronaviruses, induce cellular membrane rearrangements during replication to form replication organelles allowing for efficient viral rna synthesis. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a pathogenic avian gammacoronavirus of significant importance to the global poultry industry, has been shown to induce the formation of double membrane vesicles (dmvs), zippered endoplasmic reticulum (zer) and tethered vesicles, known as spherules. these membrane rearrangements ... | 2018 | 30200673 |
| biological and molecular characterization of arkga: a novel arkansas serotype vaccine that is highly attenuated, efficacious, and protective against homologous challenge. | almost all commercial poultry are vaccinated against avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) using live attenuated vaccines mass administered by spray at day of hatch. although many different types of ibv vaccines are used successfully, the arkdpi serotype vaccine, when applied by spray, does not infect and replicate sufficiently to provide protection against homologous challenge. in this study, we examined a different ark vaccine strain (ark99), which is no longer used commercially ... | 2018 | 30197283 |
| chiral zirconium quantum dots: a new class of nanocrystals for optical detection of coronavirus. | a synthetic way of chiral zirconium quantum dots (zr qds) was presented for the first time using l(+)-ascorbic acid acts as a surface as well as chiral ligands. different spectroscopic and microscopic analysis was performed for thorough characterization of zr qds. as-synthesized qds exhibited fluorescence and circular dichroism properties, and the peaks were located at 412 nm and 352 nm, respectively. mtt assay was performed to test the cytotoxicity of the synthesized zr qds against rat brain gl ... | 2018 | 30186985 |
| complete genome analysis of iranian is-1494 like avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain is-1494 like (variant-2; gi-23) was first isolated in the middle east (1998). despite intensive vaccinations, is-1494 like ibvs are still circulating in iran (the dominant genotype) and spread to other countries. here, the full-length genome of this iranian is-1494 like ibv was (mahed) determined to understand its evolutionary relationships. the genome consists of 27,652 nucleotides, with mutations in most of the structural genes. thi ... | 2018 | 30159377 |
| immune protection conferred by three commonly used commercial live attenuated vaccines against the prevalent local strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus in southern china. | live attenuated vaccines are critical in the control of avian infectious bronchitis. it is necessary to know the protection conferred by commonly used commercial live vaccines. in this study, specific pathogen-free chicks were vaccinated with the commercial live vaccines h120, 4/91 and ldt3-a. blood samples were collected at weekly intervals for the detection of ibv-specific antibodies and quantification of cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes. at 21 days post-inoculation the vaccinated birds were challe ... | 2018 | 30022779 |
| the s2 subunit of infectious bronchitis virus beaudette is a determinant of cellular tropism. | the spike (s) glycoprotein of the avian gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is comprised of two subunits (s1 and s2), has a role in virulence in vivo, and is responsible for cellular tropism in vitro we have previously demonstrated that replacement of the s glycoprotein ectodomain from the avirulent beaudette strain of ibv with the corresponding region from the virulent m41-ck strain resulted in a recombinant virus, beaur-m41(s), with the in vitro cell tropism of m41-ck. the ibv b ... | 2018 | 30021894 |
| identification of novel linear epitopes located in the infectious bronchitis virus spike s2 region. | we identified novel linear epitopes on the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) spike s2 region. the conformational structure of the ibv spike protein was predicted from a homologous protein, human coronavirus nl63 spike. although the obtained structure was incomplete, most of the ibv spike protein structure was predicted; the n-terminus of the s1 region could not be predicted due to its variability. in the model, the region located in the proximity of the fusion peptide appeared to be well conserv ... | 2018 | 29944406 |
| using multinomial and space-time permutation models to understand the epidemiology of infectious bronchitis in california between 2008 and 2012. | although infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been described as one of the most economically important viral respiratory diseases in poultry, there are few analyses of outbreaks that use spatial statistics. in order to better understand how the different genotypes of ibv behave spatially and temporally, we used geographic information system-based mapping coupled with spatial and spatial-temporal statistics to identify statistically significant clustering of multiple strains of infectious bronch ... | 2018 | 29944405 |
| infectious bronchitis virus gel vaccination: evaluation of mass-like (b-48) and 793/b-like (1/96) vaccine kinetics after combined administration at 1 day of age. | infectious bronchitis (ib) control has a strong impact on poultry farming, because of the necessary epidemiological knowledge for planning the best strategy, the optimal strain association, the priming and boosting interventions. broiler farming is even more problematic given the short and intense productive cycle, which requires an early onset of protection against most of the infectious threats, possibly with limited respiratory post-vaccination reactions that would have a direct impact on the ... | 2018 | 29897603 |
| the adrp domain from a virulent strain of infectious bronchitis virus is not sufficient to confer a pathogenic phenotype to the attenuated beaudette strain. | the replicase gene of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) encodes 15 non-structural proteins (nsps). nsp 3 is a multi-functional protein containing a conserved adp-ribose-1″-phosphatase (adrp) domain. the crystal structures of the domain from two strains of ibv, m41 (virulent) and beaudette (avirulent), identified a key difference; m41 contains a conserved triple-glycine motif, whilst beaudette contains a glycine-to-serine mutation that is predicted to abolish adrp activity. althou ... | 2018 | 29893665 |
| metagenomic of clinically diseased and healthy broiler affected with respiratory disease complex. | in recent past, the respiratory infection has emerged as a great challenge to the poultry farmers. various pathogens including avian pneumovirus (apv), avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv), avibacterium paragallinarum, ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort), mycoplasma synoviae (ms), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) and avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec) are involved in the respiratory disease complex in birds [1], [2] (bradbury, 1984 ... | 2018 | 29892620 |
| evaluation of full s1 gene sequencing of classical and variant infectious bronchitis viruses extracted from allantoic fluid and fta cards. | sequence variability in the s1 gene determines the genotype of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains. a single rt-pcr assay was developed to amplify and sequence the full s1 gene for six classical and variant ibvs (m41, d274, 793b, is/885/00, is/1494/06 and q1) enriched in allantoic fluid (af) or the same af inoculated onto flinders technology association (fta) cards. representative strains from each genotype were grown in specific-pathogen-free eggs and rna was extracted from af. full s1 ge ... | 2018 | 29712443 |
| pathogenicity differences between a newly emerged tw-like strain and a prevalent qx-like strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | tw-like ibv isolates have appeared frequently in recent years in mainland china. in this study, we compared the tw-like ibv gd strain and the predominant qx-like sd strain in terms of serology and pathogenicity to 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. both strains could cause severe respiratory distress and renal lesions, with a mortality rate were approximately 20%. virus were continuously shed via the respiratory tract and cloaca. however, the infection pattern of the two isolates were d ... | 2018 | 30473347 |