Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| transcriptional profiles in bursal b-lymphoid dt40 cells infected with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease in chickens. the virus mainly infects immature b lymphocytes in the bursa of fabricius (bf). chicken b cell line dt40, an avian leukosis virus-induced b cell line, supports very virulent ibdv (vvibdv) infection in vitro and thereby serves as a good model for investigating the infection and pathogenesis of this virus. however, a transcriptome-wide understanding of the interaction between vvibdv and b cell ... | 2017 | 28086922 |
| a serosurvey of greater sage-grouse ( centrocercus urophasianus ) in nevada, usa. | to better understand the potential avian diseases in greater sage-grouse ( centrocercus urophasianus ) in the great basin in nevada, us, we collected 31 blood samples march-april 2014 and tested for antibodies to eight viruses and two bacteria. specifically, sera were tested for antibodies to avian leukosis virus type a, b, and j (alv-a, alv-b, and alv-j, respectively), infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, reticuloendothelial virus, avian influenza virus (aiv), west nile ... | 2017 | 27705104 |
| a double-stranded probe coupled with isothermal amplification for qualitative and quantitative detection of avian reovirus. | we applied a probe-based real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification (cy5-rtqlamp) technique targeting the avian reovirus (arv) s3 gene to develop a rapid, sensitive, and specific method for virus detection and quantification. this test specifically detected the presence of arv, but not other viruses or bacteria present in clinical or artificially spiked samples, including newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease virus, fowl adenovirus, marek's disease virus, escherichia coli, and ... | 2017 | 28013385 |
| potential immunomodulatory effects of non-dialyzable materials of cranberry extract in poultry production. | studies on effects of cranberry products in animals, especially in chickens, are very scarce or even lacking. this study investigated the immunomodulatory effect of high molecular weight non-dialyzable materials (ndms) of cranberry extract. the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated. the ability of ndms (0, 1, 2, or 4 mg/ml) to enhance phagocytic activities was also evaluated using chicken heterophils (ches) against staphylococcus aureus furthermore, a broiler mo ... | 2017 | 27587728 |
| maternal antibody decay and antibody-mediated immune responses in chicken pullets fed prebiotics and synbiotics. | three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of yeast-derived carbohydrates (ydc), and a blend of probiotics and ydc (synbiotic, snb) on serum igg concentration, maternal-derived antibody (mda) decay, and specific antibody-mediated immune response in chick pullets following immunization with t-cell dependent antigens. a total of 300 day-old pullet chicks were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments including: a basal diet (control), and diets containing ydc, and snb (lactobacillus a ... | 2017 | 27433011 |
| a survey for selected avian viral pathogens in backyard chicken farms in finland. | backyard poultry are regaining popularity in europe and increased interest in the health and management of non-commercial farms has resulted. furthermore, commercial poultry farm owners have become concerned about the risk represented by contagious avian diseases that nearby backyard poultry could transmit. fifty-one voluntary backyard chicken farms were visited between october 2012 and january 2013. blood samples and individual cloacal swabs were collected from 457 chickens. in 44 farms (86%), ... | 2017 | 27624642 |
| turkey herpesvirus with an insertion in the ul3-4 region displays an appropriate balance between growth activity and antibody-eliciting capacity and is suitable for the establishment of a recombinant vaccine. | we constructed turkey herpesvirus (hvt) vector vaccines in which the vp2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) was inserted into the hvt genome in the following regions: ul3-4, ul22-23, ul45-46, and us10-sorf3. we then evaluated the relationship between the gene insertion site and the capacity of the virus to elicit antibodies. rhvt/ibd (us10) showed good growth activity in vitro, with growth comparable to that of the parent hvt. on the other hand, rhvt/ibd (ul3-4), rhvt/ibd (ul22-23), ... | 2017 | 27942974 |
| evaluation of two strains of marek's disease virus serotype 1 for the development of recombinant vaccines against very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | attenuated strains of marek's disease virus serotype 1 (mdv1), and the closely related herpesvirus of turkeys, are among the most potent vectors for development of recombinant vaccines for poultry. to investigate the effects of mdv1 strain characteristics on the protective efficacy of the recombinant vaccines, we developed two recombinant mdv1 vaccines for expressing the vp2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) based on two different mdv1 strains, the attenuated strain 814 and the meq ... | 2017 | 27908832 |
| new oligonucleotide microarray for rapid diagnosis of avian viral diseases. | we developed a new oligonucleotide microarray comprising 16 identical subarrays for simultaneous rapid detection of avian viruses: avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infection bronchitis virus (ibv), and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in single- and mixed-virus infections. the objective of the study was to develop an oligonucleotide microarray for rapid diagnosis of avian diseases that would be used in the course of mass analysis for routine epidemiological surve ... | 2017 | 28381285 |
| chemokine receptor ccr5 and cxcr4 might influence virus replication during ibdv infection. | both ccr5 and cxcr4 are important chemokine receptors and take vital role in migration, development and distribution of t cells, however, whether they will influence the process of t cell infiltration into bursa of fabricius during infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection is unclear. in the current study, ccr5 and cxcr4 antagonists, maraviroc and amd3100, were administrated into chickens inoculated with ibdv, and the gene levels of ibdv vp2, ccr5, cxcr4 and related cytokines were determi ... | 2017 | 28351707 |
| early pathogenesis during infectious bursal disease in susceptible chickens is associated with changes in b cell genomic methylation and loss of genome integrity. | we propose a model by which an increase in the genomic modification, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmc), contributes to b cell death within the chicken bursa of fabricus (bf) infected with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). our findings indicate that, following an ibdv infection, rhode island red (rir) chickens have fewer surviving b cells and higher levels of 5hmc in the bf than the more resistant 15l line of birds. elevated genomic 5hmc levels within the rir bf are associated with markers of ... | 2017 | 28322935 |
| immunomodulatory and anti-ibdv activities of the polysaccharide aex from coccomyxa gloeobotrydiformis. | a number of polysaccharides have been reported to show immunomodulatory and antiviral activities against various animal viruses. aex is a polysaccharide extracted from the green algae, coccomyxa gloeobotrydiformis. the aim of this study was to examine the function of aex in regulating the immune response in chickens and its capacity to inhibit the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), to gain an understanding of its immunomodulatory and antiviral ability. here, preliminary immunological tests ... | 2017 | 28208594 |
| a free vp3 c-terminus is essential for the replication of infectious bursal disease virus. | green fluorescent protein (gfp) has been successfully incorporated into the viral-like particles of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) with a linker at the c-terminus of vp3 in a baculovirus system. however, when the same locus in segment a was used to express gfp by a reverse genetic (rg) system, no viable gfp-expressing ibdv was recovered. to elucidate the underlying mechanism, cdna construct of segment a with only the linker sequence (9 amino acids) was applied to generate rg ibdv virus ( ... | 2017 | 28189698 |
| infectious bursal disease virus-host interactions: multifunctional viral proteins that perform multiple and differing jobs. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive poultry disease caused by ibd virus (ibdv). the consequent immunosuppression increases susceptibility to other infectious diseases and the risk of subsequent vaccination failure as well. since the genome of ibdv is relatively small, it has a limited number of proteins inhibiting the cellular antiviral responses and acting as destroyers to the host defense system. thus, these virulence factors must be multifuncti ... | 2017 | 28098808 |
| infectious bursal disease virus as a replication-incompetent viral vector expressing green fluorescent protein. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) has been established as a replication-competent viral vector capable of carrying an epitope at multiple loci in the genome. to enhance the safety and increase the insertion capacity of ibdv as a vector, a replication-incompetent ibdv vector was developed in the present study. the feasibility of replacing one of the viral gene loci, including pvp2, vp3, vp1, or the polyprotein vp243, with the sequence of green fluorescent protein (gfp) was explored. a method ... | 2017 | 27659678 |
| non-lytic egression of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) particles from infected cells. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), a member of the birnaviridae family, is responsible for a devastating immunosuppressive disease affecting juvenile domestic chickens. ibdv particles are naked icosahedrons enclosing a bipartite double-stranded rna genome harboring three open reading frames (orf). one of these orfs codes for vp5, a non-structural polypeptide dispensable for virus replication in tissue culture but essential for ibdv pathogenesis. using two previously described recombinant vi ... | 2017 | 28095450 |
| modified live infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vaccine delays infection of neonatal broiler chickens with variant ibdv compared to turkey herpesvirus (hvt)-ibdv vectored vaccine. | chickens are commonly processed around 35-45days of age in broiler chicken industry hence; diseases that occur at a young age are of paramount economic importance. early age infection with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) results in long-lasting immunosuppression and profound economic losses. to our knowledge, this is the first study comparing the protection efficacy of modified live (mdlv) ibdv and herpesvirus turkey (hvt)-ibdv vaccines against early age variant ibdv (varibdv) infection i ... | 2017 | 28089549 |
| gga-mir-2127 downregulates the translation of chicken p53 and attenuates chp53-mediated innate immune response against ibdv infection. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is characterized by the immune suppression of infected birds. the molecular mechanism by which ibd virus (ibdv) suppresses the host immune system remains to be elucidated. the tumor suppressor protein p53 can inhibit the replication of various viruses, but its effect on ibdv remains unknown. this study established an in vitro infection model based on df-1 cells (chicken embryo fibroblast cell line) to investigate the antiviral effects of chicken p53 (chp53) on ibd ... | 2017 | 28062005 |
| infectious bursal disease virus subverts autophagic vacuoles to promote viral maturation and release. | autophagy functions as an intrinsic antiviral defense. however, some viruses can subvert or even enhance host autophagic machinery to increase viral replication and pathogenesis. the role of autophagy during avibirnavirus infection, especially late stage infection, remains unclear. in this study, infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) was used to investigate the role of autophagy in avibirnavirus replication. we demonstrated ibdv induction of autophagy as a significant increase in puncta of lc3( ... | 2017 | 27974565 |
| development of an rt-qpcr assay for the specific detection of a distinct genetic lineage of the infectious bursal disease virus. | the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is a major health threat to the world's poultry industry despite intensive controls including proper biosafety practices and vaccination. ibdv (avibirnavirus, birnaviridae) is a non-enveloped virus with a bisegmented double-stranded rna genome. the virus is traditionally classified into classic, variant and very virulent strains, each with different epidemiological relevance and clinical implications. recently, a novel worldwide spread genetic lineage w ... | 2017 | 27924642 |
| eukaryotic translational initiation factor 4aii reduces the replication of infectious bursal disease virus by inhibiting vp1 polymerase activity. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is an acute, highly contagious, and immunosuppressive avian disease caused by ibd virus (ibdv). although an interaction between eukaryotic translational initiation factor 4aii (eif4aii) of the host and viral protein 1 (vp1), the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) of ibdv, has been established, the underlying effects of this interaction on ibdv and the molecular mechanism remain unclear. we here report that interaction of the host eif4aii with vp1 inhibits the rna ... | 2017 | 27908831 |
| the characteristics of an ovine lymphoid cell-line sensitive to vaccinal infectious bursal disease virus strain. | infectious bursal disease (ibd), also known as gumboro disease, is a globally well-known disease with a significant socio-economic effect. for control of ibd, several commercial egg- and cell-based vaccines are prepared. the cell-based ibd vaccines are significantly cost-effective; however, it is essential to confirm their safety and efficacy. the main cell line used to product the cell-based ibd vaccines, is a primary chicken embryo fibroblast (cef). nevertheless, manipulation of cef is extreme ... | 2017 | 30341938 |
| identification of infectious bursal disease virus with atypical vp2 amino acid profile in latvia. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is a causative agent of immunosuppressive disorder resulting in significant losses to the world poultry industry. this study describes the molecular characterisation of an atypical ibdv from a field outbreak that occurred in vaccinated chicken flocks in latvia in 2011. | 2017 | 29978066 |
| characterization of chicken splenic-derived dendritic cells following vaccine and very virulent strains of infectious bursal disease virus infection. | studies have shown that infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infects lymphoid cells, mainly b cells and macrophages. this study was aimed to examine the involvement of chicken splenic-derived dendritic cells (ch-sdcs) in specific-pathogen-free chickens following inoculation with ibdv vaccine strain (d78) and a very virulent (vv) strain (upm0081). following ibdv infection, enriched activated ch-sdcs were collected by using the negative selection method and were examined based on morphology and ... | 2016 | 27902915 |
| pathogenicity of genome reassortant infectious bursal disease viruses in chickens and turkeys. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) contains two genome segments (segment a/segment b) that can reassort among the viruses. reassortant ibdvs have been identified in several countries including the united states. these reassortant viruses usually include at least one genome segment from a very virulent (vv)ibdv strain. in vivo virulence of six reassortant ibdv from the united states was assessed relative to the virulence of three frequently described ibdv pathotypes: vvibdv (rb strain), class ... | 2016 | 27902905 |
| infection with some infectious bursal disease virus pathotypes produces virus in chicken muscle tissue and the role of humoral immunity as a mitigation strategy. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes important economic losses and negatively affects global trade in poultry and poultry products. this study determined the presence of ibdv in primary lymphoid tissues and muscle tissue of infected broilers and the role of vaccination as a mitigation strategy. in the first study, specific-pathogen-free (spf) broiler chickens were challenged with stc (classical [cibdv]), indiana (variant [varibdv]), ra (very virulent [vvibdv]), or ohio (serotype 2, avir ... | 2016 | 27902904 |
| characterization of two recombinant hvt-ibd vaccines by vp2 insert detection and cell-mediated immunity after vaccination of specific pathogen-free chickens. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is an avian viral disease that causes severe economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. the live ibd virus (ibdv) has a potential immunosuppressive effect. currently available ibdv vaccines have shortcomings, prompting the development of safer and more effective vaccination approaches, including the use of the recombinant turkey herpesvirus vaccine expressing the immunogenic structural vp2 protein of ibdv (rhvt-ibd). the objectives of this study were twofo ... | 2016 | 27897452 |
| advances in vaccine research against economically important viral diseases of food animals: infectious bursal disease virus. | numerous reviews have been published on infectious bursal disease (ibd) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). many high quality vaccines are commercially available for the control of ibd that, when used correctly, provide solid protection against infection and disease caused by ibdv. viruses are not static however; they continue to evolve and vaccines need to keep pace with them. the evolution of ibdv has resulted in very virulent strains and new antigenic types of the virus. this review w ... | 2016 | 27916318 |
| genotypic characterization of indian isolates of infectious bursal disease virus strains by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | the reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) is used for the differentiation of classical virulent (cv), virulent (v) and very virulent (vv) strains of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) isolates from chicken bursal tissues in southern states of india. in the present study, six different isolates (mb11, hy12, py12, bge14, vcn14 and nkl14) of ibdv strains were subjected for genotyping along with vaccine virus (georgia, intermediate strai ... | 2016 | 26982465 |
| very virulent infectious bursal disease virus produces more-severe disease and lesions in specific-pathogen-free (spf) leghorns than in spf broiler chickens. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is an important pathogen of chickens causing negative economic impacts in poultry industries worldwide. ibdv has a variable range of virulence, with very virulent (vvibdv) strains being responsible for the greatest losses from mortality and decreased performance. previous vvibdv studies using conventional broilers reported resistance to lethal effects and decreased performance as compared to specific-pathogen-free (spf) layers, but the potential contributio ... | 2016 | 26953945 |
| efficacy of hvt-ibd vector vaccine compared to attenuated live vaccine using in-ovo vaccination against a korean very virulent ibdv in commercial broiler chickens. | the production performance, efficacy, and safety of two types of vaccines for infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) were compared with in-ovo vaccination of cobb 500 broiler chickens for gross and microscopic examination of the bursa of fabricius, bursa/body weight (b/b) ratio, flow cytometry, and serologic response to newcastle disease virus (ndv) vaccination. one vaccine was a recombinant hvt-ibd vector vaccine (hvt as for herpesvirus of turkeys) and the other was an intermediate plus live ib ... | 2016 | 26944964 |
| aquabirnavirus polyploidy: a new strategy to modulate virulence? | one of the main research issues regarding the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) is its virulence mechanisms. the bases for understanding the molecular virulence determinants of this virus were established over the last decade when it was demonstrated that certain aa domains in the vp2 and vp2-ns inter-region determined the level of virulence of ipnv. however, certain variability was still inexplicable and, therefore, other factors might also have been involved. to this regard, it has r ... | 2016 | 26902908 |
| isolation of novel variants of infectious bursal disease virus from different outbreaks in northeast india. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is a highly infectious disease of young chicken that predominantly affects the immune system. in the present study, we are reporting first comprehensive study of ibdv outbreaks from the northeastern part of india. northeast india shares a porous border with four different countries; and as a rule any outbreak in the neighboring countries substantially affects the poultry population in the adjoining states. nucleotide sequence analysis of the vp2 gene of the ... | 2016 | 26854869 |
| comparison of infectious bursal disease live vaccines and a hvt-ibd vector vaccine and their effects on the immune system of commercial layer pullets. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is an economically important disease affecting poultry production worldwide. previous experimental studies indicated that ibd live vaccination may induce transient immunosuppression, leading to suboptimal vaccine responses and therefore insufficient protection against other pathogens. layer pullets are commonly not only vaccinated against ibd within their rearing period, but also against a variety of other pathogens. therefore, it is of interest to investigate the ... | 2016 | 26743805 |
| virus mutations and their impact on vaccination against infectious bursal disease (gumboro disease). | infectious bursal disease (also known as gumboro disease) is an immunosuppressive viral disease specific to chickens. in spite of all the information amassed on the antigenic and immunological characteristics of the virus, the disease has not yet been brought fully under control. it is still prevalent in properly vaccinated flocks carrying specific antibodies at levels normally high enough to prevent the disease. common causes apart, failure of vaccination against infectious bursal disease is as ... | 2016 | 28332643 |
| molecular characterization of infectious bursal disease viruses detected in vaccinated commercial broiler flocks in lusaka, zambia. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is an acute, highly contagious, and immunosuppressive viral disease of young chickens and remains one of the economically most important diseases threatening the poultry industry worldwide. in this study, 16 and 11 nucleotide sequences of the vp2 hypervariable region (vp2-hvr) and part of vp1, respectively, of ibd virus (ibdv) detected in vaccinated broiler chickens in lusaka in 2012 were determined. phylogenetic analysis revealed that these zambian ibdvs separate ... | 2016 | 26597187 |
| retraction notice to "a neutralizing scfv antibody against infectious bursal disease virus screened by flow cytometry" [jim 424 (2015) 80 - 84]. | 2016 | 27614133 | |
| genome analysis and pathogenicity of reticuloendotheliosis virus isolated from a contaminated vaccine seed against infectious bursal disease virus: first report in china. | specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens were inoculated with the virus seed of an infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv)-attenuated vaccine, and positive reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) antibody levels were subsequently detected in the chicken sera, indicating potential rev contamination of the vaccine. after neutralization with ibdv-positive blood serum, the vaccine was inoculated into df-1 cells for rev isolation and identification. an rev strain, designated ibd-c1605, was identified using an ... | 2016 | 27609617 |
| chicken il-7 as a potent adjuvant enhances ibdv vp2 dna vaccine immunogenicity and protective efficacy. | our previous work has demonstrated that the mammalian interleukin-7 (il-7) gene can enhance the immunogenicity of dna vaccine. whether chicken il-7 (chil-7) possesses the ability to enhance the immunogenicity of vp2 dna vaccine of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) remained unknown. to investigate this, we constructed a vp2 antigenic region (vp2366) gene and chil-7 gene vectors, co-immunized chicken with these vectors and analyzed the effects of the chil-7 gene on vp2366 gene immunogenicity. ... | 2016 | 27599941 |
| molecular cloning of chicken il-7 and characterization of its antiviral activity against ibdv in vivo. | mammalian interleukin-7 (il-7) is able to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and maturation, and reverse immunosuppression. however, whether poultry il-7 has similar functions remains unclear. chicken infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes serious immunosuppression in chicken due to virus-induced immune disorder. whether chicken il-7 (chil-7) has the ability to restore the immunity during ibdv-induced immunosuppression is not clear. to test this, we amplified chil-7 gene by rt-pcr, prepar ... | 2016 | 27466431 |
| complete genome sequence analysis of a naturally reassorted infectious bursal disease virus from india. | the novel infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) isolate bge14/abt1/mvc/india is a very virulent ibdv that was isolated from broiler flocks in southern parts of india during 2014. here, we report, for the first time in india, the complete genome sequence of bge14/abt1/mvc/india, a reassortment strain with segments a and b derived from a very virulent ibdv strain and an attenuated ibdv, respectively. the findings from this study provide additional insight into the genetic exchange between attenua ... | 2016 | 27445389 |
| evidence of genetic drift and reassortment in infectious bursal disease virus and emergence of outbreaks in poultry farms in india. | recurrent outbreaks of infectious bursal disease (ibd) have become a burning problem to the poultry industry worldwide. here, we performed genetic analysis of ibd virus (ibdv) field isolates from recent outbreaks in various poultry farms in india. the sequence analysis of ibdv vp2 hypervariable region revealed amino acid pattern similar to that of very virulent (222a, 242i, 253q, 256i, 272i, 279d, 284a, 294i, 299s and 330s) and intermediate plus virulent (222a, 242i, 253q, 256i, 272t, 279n, 284a ... | 2016 | 27366767 |
| mixture of polysaccharide and nucleic acid extracted from bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) enhances immune response of infectious bursal disease virus vaccine in chickens. | in this study, the immune response induced by a mixture of polysaccharide and nucleic acid extracted from bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) was evaluated in chickens inoculated with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vaccine. after the mixture was injected intramuscularly at a dose of 0.075, 0.15 or 0.3 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1) for 3 days, the 14-day-old chickens were inoculated with the attenuated ibdv vaccine via intranasal and ocular routes. the relative weight of bursa of fabricius (bf) and thymus ... | 2016 | 27323008 |
| inactivation of infectious bursal disease virus through composting of litter from poultry houses. | very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) was diagnosed in a pullet farm in washington in 2014. infectious bursal disease virus is resistant to many environmental stresses and often persists on farms for months. there have been conflicting reports as to whether composting can destroy vvibdv in the manure. this project investigated the composting of litter from the affected house using an aerated static pile to inactivate the virus. two weeks before the affected pullet flocks were mo ... | 2016 | 27309296 |
| influence of the structural development of bursa on the susceptibility of chickens to infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease (ibd), caused by ibd virus (ibdv), is an acute, highly contagious immunosuppressive avian disease. although age-dependent changes in susceptibility of chickens to ibdv have been established, the relationship between age-dependent structural changes in bursa of fabricius and susceptibility of chickens to ibdv is still unclear. in the present study, we examined the bursa anatomical structure and pathological changes in specific-pathogen-free (spf) white leghorn chickens 0 ... | 2016 | 27287377 |
| a single mutation in the pbc loop of vp2 is involved in the in vitro replication of infectious bursal disease virus. | to test whether amino acid mutations in the pbc and phi loops of vp2 are involved in the replication and virulence of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), a pair of viruses, namely the moderately virulent ibdv (rgx-f9vp2) and the attenuated strain (rgt), were used. residue mutations a222p (pbc) and s330r (phi), selected by sequence comparison, were introduced individually into rgx-f9vp2 by using a reverse genetics system. in addition, the reverse mutation of either p222a or r330s was introduc ... | 2016 | 27278372 |
| complete genome sequence of a chicken embryo fibroblast-adapted attenuated infectious bursal disease virus isolate from india. | infectious bursal disease virus is an avian pathogen that causes huge morbidity and mortality in the poultry sector all over the world. here, we report the full-length genome sequence of an indian strain, mb11/abt/mvc/2016, isolated from a commercial broiler flock. this is a first report of a complete genome sequence of infectious bursal disease virus from india. | 2016 | 27174268 |
| an optimized, highly efficient, self-assembled, subvirus-like particle of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes immunosuppression in young chickens, leading to increased susceptibility to other diseases and a reduction in the immune response to other vaccines. thus, ibdv results in great economic losses to the poultry industry. the most effective method of prevention is vaccination. however, medium-virulence vaccines can cause bursal pathological damage and immunosuppression. here, we describe a safer, self-assembled, subvirus-like particle (svp) vaccine witho ... | 2016 | 27164218 |
| development of a real-time quantitative rt-pcr to detect rev contamination in live vaccine. | based on the published avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) whole genome sequence, primers and taqman probes were designed and synthesized, and the taqman probe fluorescence real-time quantitative rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) method for detecting the rev pol gene was established by optimizing the reaction conditions. sensitivity analysis showed that the qrt-pcr method had a sensitivity that was 1,000-fold higher than conventional pcr. additionally, no amplification signals were obtained when we attempted ... | 2016 | 27122388 |
| a molecular epidemiology study based on vp2 gene sequences reveals that a new genotype of infectious bursal disease virus is dominantly prevalent in italy. | a distinctive infectious bursal disease (ibd) virus genotype (ita) was detected in ibd-live vaccinated broilers in italy without clinical signs of ibd. it was isolated in specific-pathogen-free eggs and molecularly characterized in the hypervariable region of the virus protein (vp) 2. phylogenetic analysis showed that ita strains clustered separately from other homologous reference sequences of ibdvs, either classical or very virulent, retrieved from genbank or previously reported in italy, and ... | 2016 | 27108539 |
| molecular characterization of infectious bursal disease viruses from pakistan. | since the first report of infectious bursal disease in pakistan in 1987, outbreaks have been common even in vaccinated flocks. despite appropriate administration of vaccines, concerns arise if the circulating strains are different from the ones used in the vaccine. here, we sequenced the hypervariable region (hvr) of the vp2 gene of circulating strains of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) originating from outbreaks (n = 4) in broiler flocks in pakistan. nucleotide sequencing followed by phy ... | 2016 | 27107876 |
| role of naturally occurring genome segment reassortment in the pathogenicity of ibdv field isolates in three-yellow chickens. | reassortment among genome segments of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) field isolates was reported frequently worldwide, however the pathogenicity of the reassortant field ibdv is poorly understood. in this paper, a pathogenicity study on four representative ibdv field strains isolated from southern china between 2005 and 2011 was conducted. twenty-eight-day-old three-yellow chickens were divided into four groups and were inoculated intraocularly with one of the four field ibdv strains, na ... | 2016 | 27100151 |
| practical aspects in the use of passive immunization as an alternative to attenuated viral vaccines. | passive immunization as a method to protect birds has been tested for many years and shown to be effective. its advantages over active vaccination include no use of partially virulent viruses, overcoming the gap in the level of protection at young age due to interference of maternal antibodies to raise self-immune response following active vaccination and the possible immunosuppressive effect of attenuated vaccine viruses. however, a major obstacle to its implementation is its relatively high co ... | 2016 | 27079929 |
| prophylactic potential of resiquimod against very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) challenge in the chicken. | the study evaluated the prophylactic potential of resiquimod (r-848), a synthetic tlr7 agonist, against very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) infection in chicken. specific pathogen free white leghorn chicks of three week age were treated with r-848 (50μg/bird, intramuscular) or pbs (n=26/group). twenty four hour later, half of the birds from each group were challenged with 10(5) eld50 of vvibdv and observed for 10days. to understand the effect of r-848, immune response genes su ... | 2016 | 27066705 |
| immunomodulatory effect of baculovirus in chickens: how it modifies the immune response against infectious bursal disease virus. | several reports have shown that baculoviruses (bvs) have strong adjuvant properties on the mammalian immune system. recent studies of our group demonstrated the ability of bv to stimulate the innate immunity in chickens. in this investigation, we aimed to assess the potential antiviral effect of bv given both, before and after infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). in the first case, specific pathogen free chickens were intravenously inoculated with 5 × 10(7) pfu of autographa californica nucle ... | 2016 | 27063861 |
| ribosomal protein l4 interacts with viral protein vp3 and regulates the replication of infectious bursal disease virus. | vp3 protein is a structural protein which plays important roles in the virus assembly and the inhibition of antiviral innate immunity of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). to explore the potential roles of vp3 in the interplay of ibdv with the host cell, an immunoprecipitation (ip)-coupled mass spectra (ms) screening was performed and the host cellular ribosomal protein l4 (rpl4) was identified as a putative interacting partner of vp3 protein. the interaction of rpl4 with vp3 was further co ... | 2016 | 26415754 |
| molecular characterization of field infectious bursal disease virus isolates from nigeria. | to characterize field isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) from outbreaks in nine states in nigeria through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and sequence analysis of portions of the vp2 and vp1 genes and to determine the presence or absence of reassortant viruses. | 2016 | 28096615 |
| promoter structures and differential responses to viral and non-viral inducers of chicken melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5. | melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (mda5) is a member of the retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i)-like receptors (rlrs) family and plays a pivotal role in the anti-viral innate immune response. as rig-i is absent in chickens, mda5 is hypothesized to be important in detecting viral nucleic acids in the cytoplasm. however, the molecular mechanism of the regulation of chicken mda5 (chmda5) expression has yet to be fully elucidated. with this in mind, a ∼2.5kb chmda5 gene promoter region w ... | 2016 | 27327127 |
| comparison of sybr green i real-time rt-pcr with conventional agarose gel-based rt-pcr for the diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus infection in chickens in morocco. | a rapid, sensitive, and specific molecular method for the diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection is important in curbing infectious bronchitis outbreaks in morocco and other countries. | 2016 | 27106608 |
| development and evaluation of the protective efficacy of novel marek's disease virus rispens vector vaccines against infectious bursal disease. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is a major disease affecting the poultry industry and is caused by infection with ibd virus (ibdv). to develop a novel vaccine to prevent ibd in chickens, recombinant marek's disease virus rispens viruses carrying the vp2 gene of ibdv driven by five different promoters (rispens/ibd) were constructed using homologous recombination and a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac). rispens/ibd driven by the chicken beta-actin (bac) promoter (rispens/bac-ibd), rous sarcoma ... | 2016 | 27610721 |
| combination of two marek's disease virus vectors shows effective vaccination against marek's disease, infectious bursal disease, and newcastle disease. | herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) is a widely used vector for poultry vaccines. however, different hvts expressing different foreign antigens cannot always be used simultaneously because of the risk of recombination and interference. in this study, we inoculated a mixture of an hvt-expressing the antigen of newcastle disease virus (ndv; hvt/nd) and marek's disease virus (mdv) serotype 1 rispens virus expressing the antigen of infectious bursal disease virus (ibd; ripens/ibd) into chickens. this mixtu ... | 2016 | 27309290 |
| virucidal properties of bioceramic derived from chicken feces ph 13 and its stability in harsh environments. | bioceramic derived from chicken feces (bcx) is a material produced by a sintering process for the purpose of use in animal farms to control livestock infectious diseases. in the present study, bcx at ph 13 was evaluated for the durability of its virucidal activity in simulated field conditions. first it was shown that bcx had activity toward newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease virus, and goose parvovirus within 3 min and toward avian influenza virus (aiv) within 1 hr. bcx was furt ... | 2016 | 27610720 |
| tunable and label-free virus enrichment for ultrasensitive virus detection using carbon nanotube arrays. | viral infectious diseases can erupt unpredictably, spread rapidly, and ravage mass populations. although established methods, such as polymerase chain reaction, virus isolation, and next-generation sequencing have been used to detect viruses, field samples with low virus count pose major challenges in virus surveillance and discovery. we report a unique carbon nanotube size-tunable enrichment microdevice (cnt-stem) that efficiently enriches and concentrates viruses collected from field samples. ... | 2016 | 27730213 |
| recombinant marek's disease virus type 1 provides full protection against very virulent marek's and infectious bursal disease viruses in chickens. | marek's disease virus (mdv) is a preferred vector in the construction of recombinant vaccines. however, bivalent vaccine based on mdv that confers full protection against both very virulent marek's and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infections in chickens has not been produced. here we developed a system utilizing overlapping fosmid dnas transfection that rescues an mdv type 1 (mdv1) vaccine strain. using this system, we inserted the ibdv vp2 gene at mdv1 genome sites ul41, us10 and us2. ... | 2016 | 27982090 |
| antiviral activity of graphene-silver nanocomposites against non-enveloped and enveloped viruses. | the discovery of novel antiviral materials is important because many infectious diseases are caused by viruses. silver nanoparticles have demonstrated strong antiviral activity, and graphene is a potential antimicrobial material due to its large surface area, high carrier mobility, and biocompatibility. no studies on the antiviral activity of nanomaterials on non-enveloped viruses have been reported. to investigate the antiviral activity of graphene oxide (go) sheets and go sheets with silver pa ... | 2016 | 27104546 |
| screening scfv antibodies against infectious bursal disease virus by co-expression of antigen and antibody in the bacteria display system. | we have previously reported an antigen and antibody co-expression (aac) technology to demonstrate the interaction between a known antigen and antibody. to validate the co-expression system for screening antibody libraries, a single chain fragment variable(scfv)antibody library was constructed from chickens immunized with the vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). the genes of both vp2 and scfv antibodies were inserted into the pbfd-ab-ag vector. the co-expression library was subj ... | 2016 | 27692095 |
| circulating strains of variant infectious bursal disease virus may pose a challenge for antibiotic-free chicken farming in canada. | antibiotic-free and safe animal products are most desirable among consumers. however, ensuring safe poultry products is a challenging task when the chicken immune system is compromised. infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes immunosuppression and predisposes chickens to secondary infections. breeder vaccination against ibdv is routinely practiced for producing chicks with maternally-derived antibody (mab) to prevent infection in newly hatched chicks. the majority of ibdv circulating in ca ... | 2016 | 27663370 |
| high level soluble expression and one-step purification of ibdv vp2 protein in escherichia coli. | to improve the expression of soluble ibdv vp2 protein by using different tagged vectors in escherichia coli. | 2016 | 27003577 |
| calcinated egg shell as a candidate of biosecurity enhancement material. | calcinated egg shell (egg-cao), of which the main component is calcium oxide, was evaluated in the forms of powder and aqueous solutions for their efficacies as disinfectants against avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), salmonella infantis and escherichia coli. egg-cao powder inactivated these viruses within 3 min in the presence of 33% of fetal bovine serum (fbs). in egg-cao solutions, except aiv, all pathogens were inactivated with ... | 2016 | 26854110 |
| recombinant canarypox virus expressing the vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus induces protection in vaccinated spf chickens. | 2016 | 27007879 | |
| effects of different promoters on the protective efficacy of recombinant marek's disease virus type 1 expressing the vp2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus. | the vaccine efficacy of recombinant viruses can be influenced by many factors. accordingly, the activity of promoters has been one of the major factors affecting the antigen expression and protection rate. in the present study, two recombinant marek's disease virus type 1 (mdv1) vaccines containing the vp2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) under control of different promoters were generated from overlapping fosmid dnas. the rmdv-pec-vp2 virus containing the vp2 gene under control of ... | 2016 | 27742216 |
| efficacy of recombinant hvt-ibd vaccines administered to broiler chicks from a single breeder flock at 30 and 60 weeks of age. | the efficacy of commercially available recombinant herpesvirus of turkeys-infectious bursal disease (rhvt-ibd) virus vaccines was studied in broiler chickens derived from an ibdv-vaccinated breeder flock at 30 wk of age (trial 1) and 60 wk of age (trial 2). in parallel, specific-pathogen-free (spf) white leghorn chickens were used to evaluate vaccine efficacy to control for the effects of maternally derived antibodies (mda) associated with the broiler chickens. broilers and spf leghorns were vac ... | 2016 | 27610719 |
| health evaluation of african penguins (<i>spheniscus demersus</i>) in southern africa. | the african penguin (spheniscus demersus) is an endangered seabird that breeds along the coast of namibia and south africa, and disease surveillance was identified as a priority for its conservation. aiming for the establishment of baseline data on the presence of potential pathogens in this species, a comprehensive health assessment (blood smear examination, haematology, biochemistry and serology) was conducted on samples obtained from 578 african penguins at 11 breeding colonies and a rehabili ... | 2016 | 27796116 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activities of animal-used quinoxaline 1,4-di-n-oxides against mycobacteria, mycoplasma and fungi. | the quinoxaline 1,4-di-n-oxides (qdnos) were known as potent antibacterial agents. for the purpose of evaluating the bioactivity of existing animal-used qdnos drugs against representative pathogenic microorganism, the representative drugs of quinoxalines including cyadox, mequindox, quinocetone and their metabolites were submitted to the in vitro evaluation for antituberculosis, antimycoplasma, antifungal and antiviral activities. | 2016 | 27600955 |
| viral proteins expressed in the protozoan parasite eimeria tenella are detected by the chicken immune system. | eimeria species are parasitic protozoa that cause coccidiosis, an intestinal disease commonly characterised by malabsorption, diarrhoea and haemorrhage that is particularly important in chickens. vaccination against chicken coccidiosis is effective using wild-type or attenuated live parasite lines. the development of protocols to express foreign proteins in eimeria species has opened up the possibility of using eimeria live vaccines to deliver heterologous antigens and function as multivalent va ... | 2016 | 27553200 |
| a 5-year study of the incidence and economic impact of variant infectious bursal disease viruses on broiler production in saskatchewan, canada. | while the prevalence of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) on chicken farms in some provinces of canada has been documented, the economic impact of variant ibdv infection on the broiler chicken industry in saskatchewan has not. the objectives of this study were to identify the variant strains of ibdv circulating on saskatchewan chicken farms and evaluate their economic impact on broiler production. infection due to ibdv was detected in 43% of saskatchewan chicken farms, with variant strains ... | 2016 | 27733779 |
| pathogenicity, tissue distribution, shedding and environmental detection of two strains of ibdv following infection of chickens at 0 and 14 days of age. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is endemic to most poultry-producing countries worldwide. immunosuppressive classical and variant ibdv strains endemic to australia are genetically distinct from other international strains. we report the results of infection experiments with australian classical strain 06/95 and variant strain 02/95 in spf chickens. we tested the effects of strain and age of infection on bursal atrophy, viral rna (vrna) load in bursa of fabricius (bursa), spleen, thymus, c ... | 2016 | 27766900 |
| genome-wide profiling of chicken dendritic cell response to infectious bursal disease. | avian infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease of young chickens, which causes high mortality rates and large economic losses in the poultry industry. dendritic cells (dcs), which are antigen-presenting cells, have the unique ability to induce both innate and acquired immune responses and may significantly influence virus pathogenicity. to understand the interaction between ibdv and dcs, a microarray was used to analyse the response of dcs infected ... | 2016 | 27816055 |
| seroprevalence of infectious bursal disease virus in local chickens in udu local government area of delta state, south east nigeria. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) poses a great global threat to the poultry industry. knowledge of the occurrence of the disease is important in the design and implementation of a control program, therefore this study determines the seroprevalence of ibdv in local chickens in udu local government area of delta state. 250 chickens were bled by exsanguination and sera obtained were screened using agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) test. the seropositivity was 51.6%, which is indicates endemicit ... | 2015 | 25331185 |
| characteristics of very virulent infectious bursal disease viruses isolated from chinese broiler chickens (2012-2013). | the objective of this study was to characterize the infectious bursal disease viruses (ibdvs) circulating in broiler chicken farms in china between 2012 and 2013. the vp2 gene sequences of nine newly isolated ibdvs, obtained using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, were determined and compared with worldwide reference isolates, which have been previously well characterized. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nine broiler ibdv isolates are closely related to very virulent ibdv ... | 2015 | 25312336 |
| bursal transcriptome of chickens protected by dna vaccination versus those challenged with infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection destroys the bursa of fabricius, causing immunosuppression and rendering chickens susceptible to secondary bacterial or viral infections. ibdv large-segment-protein-expressing dna has been shown to confer complete protection of chickens from infectious bursal disease (ibd). the purpose of the present study was to compare dna-vaccinated chickens and unvaccinated chickens upon ibdv challenge by transcriptomic analysis of bursa regarding innate immun ... | 2015 | 25267176 |
| inhibition of infectious bursal disease virus by vector delivered sirna in cell culture. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is major threat to poultry industry. it causes severe immunosuppression and mortality in chicken generally at 3 to 6 weeks of age. rna intereference (rnai) emerges as a potent gene regulatory tool in last few years. the present study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of rnai to inhibit the ibd virus (idbv) replication in-vitro. vp2 gene of virus encodes protein involved in capsid formation, cell entry and induction of protective immune responses against it. ... | 2015 | 25153457 |
| [disparity of apoptotic response in human breast cancer cell lines mcf-7 and mda-mb-231 after infection with recombinant adenovirus encoding the vp2 gene of infectious bursail disease virus]. | recombinant adenovirus encoding the vp2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus (adv-vp2) has shown potent anti-tumour effects due to its capability of apoptotic induction in cancer cells. in the present study, human breast cancer cells mcf-7 and mda-mb-231 were infected with adv-vp2. the expression of vp2 protein was registered 4 h post-infection, particularly in mcf-7 cells. multiple time-point dna ladder assay demonstrated that adv-vp2 infected mda-mb-231 and mcf-7 cells endured apoptosis as ... | 2015 | 25842834 |
| dietary l-arginine modulates immunosuppression in broilers inoculated with an intermediate strain of infectious bursa disease virus. | the effects of dietary l-arginine (arg) on immunosuppression following infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) inoculation in broiler chickens were evaluated. the design of this study was a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement (n = 5) with five arg concentrations (starter: 9.9, 13.9, 17.6, 21.3 and 25.3 g kg(-1) ; grower-finisher: 9.5, 13.5, 17.1, 20.1 and 23.6 g kg(-1) ) with or without ibdv inoculation (ibdv or saline inoculation at 14 days). chickens were sampled at 2, 4 and 6 days post-inoculation (dp ... | 2015 | 24728981 |
| avibirnavirus vp4 protein is a phosphoprotein and partially contributes to the cleavage of intermediate precursor vp4-vp3 polyprotein. | birnavirus-encoded viral protein 4 (vp4) utilizes a ser/lys catalytic dyad mechanism to process polyprotein. here three phosphorylated amino acid residues ser538, tyr611 and thr674 within the vp4 protein of the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), a member of the genus avibirnavirus of the family birnaviridae, were identified by mass spectrometry. anti-vp4 monoclonal antibodies finely mapping to phosphorylated (p)ser538 and the epitope motif 530pvvdgil536 were generated and verified. proteomi ... | 2015 | 26046798 |
| association of increased rate of condemnation of broiler carcasses due to hepatic abnormalities with immunosuppressive diseases in the broiler chicken industry in saskatchewan. | the objective of this study was to identify the causative agents of hepatitis observed in broiler chickens at processing. livers of chickens from 16 broiler farms in saskatchewan with gross lesions of hepatitis were collected at processing. in addition to routine bacterial isolation and histopathological examination, serologic studies for infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and chicken anaemia virus (cav), calculation of the ratio of the weight of the bursa of fabricius (bf) to body weight (b ... | 2015 | 26424905 |
| development of a blocking latex agglutination test for the detection of antibodies to chicken anemia virus. | a blocking latex agglutination test (b-lat) developed in this study was evaluated for the detection of antibodies against chicken anemia virus (cav) in chickens. polystyrene latex beads were coupled with a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) to cav (mab-beads). when mab-beads were mixed with antigens prepared from the lysate of mdcc-msb1 cells infected with cav, agglutination occurred. a short pre-incubation of cav antigens with cav-specific antiserum inhibited the agglutination of mab-beads. ... | 2015 | 25952731 |
| runting stunting syndrome associated with transmissible viral proventriculitis in broiler chickens. | this report describes an outbreak of transmissible viral proventriculitis (tvp) associated with runting stunting syndrome (rss) in 25- and 28-day-old broiler chickens, in which chicken proventricular necrosis virus (cnpv) was detected. clinical signs included poor uniformity, very small birds for their age, increased mortality, and culling of smaller birds. almost all birds necropsied exhibited moderate to severely enlarged proventriculi with diffusely pale serosa and thickened walls. microscopi ... | 2015 | 26478156 |
| simultaneous detection of eight immunosuppressive chicken viruses using a gexp analyser-based multiplex pcr assay. | immunosuppressive viruses are frequently found as co-infections in the chicken industry, potentially causing serious economic losses. because traditional molecular biology methods have limited detection ability, a rapid, high-throughput method for the differential diagnosis of these viruses is needed. the objective of this study is to develop a genomelab gene expression profiler analyser-based multiplex pcr method (gexp-multiplex pcr) for simultaneous detection of eight immunosuppressive chicken ... | 2015 | 26715327 |
| acoustic trapping as a generic non-contact incubation site for multiplex bead-based assays. | in this study, we show a significantly reduced assay time and a greatly increased bead recovery for a commercial luminex-based multiplex diagnostic immunoassay by performing all liquid handling steps of the assay protocol in a non-contact acoustic trapping platform. the luminex assay is designed for detecting antibodies in poultry serum for infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus and avian reovirus. here, we show proof-of-concept of a microfluidic sy ... | 2015 | 25467518 |
| development of an elisa based on a multi-fragment antigen of infectious bronchitis virus for antibodies detection. | to develop a cost-effective elisa for detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) by using a multi-fragment protein as coating antigen. | 2015 | 26272397 |
| hyperpigmentation results in aberrant immune development in silky fowl (gallus gallus domesticus brisson). | the silky fowl (sf) is known for its special phenotypes and atypical distribution of melanocytes among internal organs. although the genes associated with melanocyte migration have been investigated substantially, there is little information on the postnatal distribution of melanocytes in inner organs and the effect of hyperpigmentation on the development of sf. here, we analyzed melanocyte distribution in 26 tissues or organs on postnatal day 1 and weeks 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, and 23. except for the l ... | 2015 | 26047316 |
| detection of antibodies against avian influenza virus by protein microarray using nucleoprotein expressed in insect cells. | avian influenza (ai) is an infectious disease caused by avian influenza viruses (aivs) which belong to the influenza virus a group. ai causes tremendous economic losses in poultry industry and pose great threatens to human health. active serologic surveillance is necessary to prevent and control the spread of ai. in this study, a protein microarray using nucleoprotein (np) of h5n1 aiv expressed in insect cells was developed to detect antibodies against aiv np protein. the protein microarray was ... | 2015 | 25650059 |
| pigeon rig-i function in innate immunity against h9n2 iav and ibdv. | retinoic acid-inducible gene i (rig-i), a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor (prr), can sense various rna viruses, including the avian influenza virus (aiv) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), and trigger the innate immune response. previous studies have shown that mammalian rig-i (human and mice) and waterfowl rig-i (ducks and geese) are essential for type i interferon (ifn) synthesis during aiv infection. like ducks, pigeons are also susceptible to infection but are ineffective pro ... | 2015 | 26205406 |
| effective multiple oral administration of reverse genetics engineered infectious bursal disease virus in mice in the presence of neutralizing antibodies. | despite spectacular successes in hepatitis b and c therapies, severe hepatic impairment is still a major treatment problem. the clinically tested infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) superinfection therapy promises an innovative, interferon-free solution to this great unmet need, provided that a consistent manufacturing process preventing mutations or reversions to virulent strains is obtained. | 2015 | 25929556 |
| observation of risk factors, clinical manifestations and genetic characterization of recent newcastle disease virus outbreak in west malaysia. | newcastle disease virus remains a constant threat in commercial poultry farms despite intensive vaccination programs. outbreaks attributed to nd can escalate and spread across farms and states contributing to major economic loss in poultry farms. | 2015 | 26293577 |
| development and evaluation of a salmonella typhimurium flagellin based chimeric dna vaccine against infectious bursal disease of poultry. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) is an acute immunosuppressive disease of young chicks, caused by a double-stranded rna virus. vp2 being the major capsid protein of the virus is an ideal vaccine candidate possessing the neutralizing epitopes. the present study involves the use of flagellin (flic) as a genetic adjuvant to improve the immune response of vp2 based dna vaccine against ibd. our findings revealed that birds immunized with plasmid pcivp2flic showed robust immune response than pcivp2 imm ... | 2015 | 26412511 |
| role of chicken melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 in induction and activation of innate and adaptive immune responses to infectious bursal disease virus in cultured macrophages. | the objective of the present study was to determine if chicken melanoma-differentiation-associated gene 5 (mda5) senses infectious bursal disease virus infection to induce innate immunity that bridges to adaptive immunity. during ibdv infection in hd11 cells, ibdv titers and rna loads increased up to 3.4 × 10(7) plaque-forming units (pfu)/ml and 1114 ng/µl, respectively, at 24 hours postinfection (hpi). ibdv infection in hd11 cells induced significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) expression levels o ... | 2015 | 26392283 |
| histamine levels in embryonic chicken livers infected with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | histamine is an endogenous nitrogenous compound with extensive effects on immunologic cells and involved in many physiological functions. the current aim was to determine histamine levels in embryonic liver and its association with the pathogenicity of a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) isolate serially passaged in chicken embryos. a vvibdv isolate and the passaged viruses were inoculated into spf embryonated chicken eggs (0.2 ml per egg) via the chorioallantoic membrane. e ... | 2015 | 26341971 |
| a protein with simultaneous capsid scaffolding and dsrna-binding activities enhances the birnavirus capsid mechanical stability. | viral capsids are metastable structures that perform many essential processes; they also act as robust cages during the extracellular phase. viruses can use multifunctional proteins to optimize resources (e.g., vp3 in avian infectious bursal disease virus, ibdv). the ibdv genome is organized as ribonucleoproteins (rnp) of dsrna with vp3, which also acts as a scaffold during capsid assembly. we characterized mechanical properties of ibdv populations with different rnp content (ranging from none t ... | 2015 | 26336920 |