Publications

gross and microscopic anatomy of the kidney of the west indian manatee, trichechus manatus (mammalia: sirenia).	examination of the gross and microscopic anatomy of the kidney of the west indian manatee, trichechus manatus, revealed that: (1) the medulla is about 6 times thicker than the cortex; (2) juxtamedullary glomeruli have a mean diameter 1.3 times greater than that of cortical glomeruli; (3) juxtamedullary glomeruli have 1.7 times as much volume as cortical glomeruli; (4) there are about twice as many cortical glomeruli as juxtamedullary glomeruli per square millimeter of cortical tissue, and (5) th ...	1989	2750460
manatee cerebral cortex: cytoarchitecture of the frontal region in trichechus manatus latirostris.	members of the order sirenia are unique among mammals in being the only totally aquatic herbivores. they display correspondingly specialized physiological, behavioral and anatomical features. there have been few reports concerning sirenian neuroanatomy, and most of these have consisted of gross anatomical observations. our interest in sirenia stems from the desire to understand neuroanatomical specializations in the context of behavior and the effort to elucidate trends in mammalian brain evolut ...	1989	2611642
helminths of the florida manatee, trichechus manatus latirostris, with a discussion and summary of the parasites of sirenians.	we examined 215 florida manatees (trichechus manatus latirostris) at necropsy to determine the helminth fauna. six species were identified: heterocheilus tunicatus (nematoda: ascaridoidea); anoplocephala sp. (cestoda: cyclophyllidea); and 4 species of trematodes, cochleotrema cochleotrema (digenea: opisthotrematidae), chiorchis fabaceus (digenea: paramphistomatidae), nudacotyle undicola (digenea: nudacotylidae), and moniligerum blairi (digenea: opisthotrematidae). seventy-three percent of the ma ...	1988	3397825
bile salts of the west indian manatee, trichechus manatus latirostris: novel bile alcohol sulfates and absence of bile acids.	the bile salts present in gallbladder bile of the west indian manatee, trichechus manatus latirostris, an herbivorous marine mammal of the tropical and subtropical margins of the atlantic ocean, were found to consist of a mixture of bile alcohol sulfates. bile acids, previously believed to be present in all mammals, were not detected. using chromatography, mass spectrometry, and 1h- and 13c-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, the major bile alcohol was identified as 5 beta-cholestane-3 alph ...	1988	3392467
volatile fatty acid concentrations in the digestive tract of the west indian manatee, trichechus manatus.	1. digesta samples were collected from five west indian manatees, trichechus manatus, for volatile fatty acid (vfa) analysis. 2. mean total vfa concentrations were low in the stomach and duodenum (18.6 and 12.3 mm/l, respectively). mean vfa concentrations were considerably higher in the cecum and colon (220.6 and 307.3 mm/l, respectively). 3. the relative proportions of the individual vfa's shifted from predominantly acetic acid in the foregut to a mixture of acetic, butyric and propionic acids ...	1987	3677614
lung mechanical properties in the west indian manatee (trichechus manatus).	airway dimensions, extent of cartilage reinforcements and lung mechanical properties were examined in excised lungs of the west indian manatee (trichechus manatus). all airways with a mean inside diameter of more than 0.6 mm had complete cartilaginous rings in their walls, and cartilage reinforcement extended into the respiratory bronchi. expiratory flow rates over the vital capacity range were higher than those encountered in humans varying between 20 and 50% of peak flow at 25% of vital capaci ...	1987	3602612
omphalitis and peritonitis in a young west indian manatee (trichechus manatus).	mortality data for the west indian manatee (trichechus manatus) indicates that from 1979 to 1984 16% of the recorded deaths involved young juveniles. necropsy of a young manatee from the west coast of florida revealed an active infection of the umbilical area (omphalitis) extending down the umbilical artery and veins. a generalized peritonitis was present. bacterial cultures revealed streptococcus faecium, plesiomonas shigelloides, pseudomonas putrefaciens and escherichia coli.	1987	3682102
purification and characterization of the major whey proteins from the milks of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus), the florida manatee (trichechus manatus latirostris), and the beagle (canis familiaris).	the major whey proteins of the milks of the dolphin, manatee, and beagle were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography and characterized and identified by molecular weight determination, amino acid analysis, n-terminal sequencing, and activity measurements. the major whey protein components from all three species were found to be monomeric beta-lactoglobulins. these proteins were all active in binding retinol. dolphin milk contained two beta-lactoglobulins (designated 1 and 2) ...	1986	3707136
congenital malformations of the flipper in three west indian manatees, trichechus manatus, and a proposed mechanism for development of ectrodactyly and cleft hand in mammals.	three cases of congenital ectrodactyly of the flipper in the manatee are described, including one case of bilaterally-symmetrical cleft hand. a hypothesis assumes that a defect in the apical ectodermal ridge (aer) in the developing hand plate of the early embryo is the initiating factor in the development of ectrodactylous and cleft hand malformations in man and other mammals. variations in the site, extent, and time of the aer defect will account for many of the morphologic variations observed ...	1986	3955962
composition of the milks of the bottlenose dolphin (tursiops trucatus) and the florida manatee (trichechus manatus latirostris).	milk samples from four individual bottlenose (tursiops truncatus) and two florida manatees (trichechus manatus latirostris) of known lactation stages were analyzed for protein, carbohydrate and lipid composition, as well as for activity levels of alpha-lactalbumin, the regulatory protein of lactose synthase. the milk from both species had relatively high protein and lipid levels, as reported previously for other marine mammals. the major proportion of the lipid was in the form of triglycerides. ...	1986	2873935
the digestive strategy and efficiency of the west indian manatee, trichechus manatus.	during the winters of 1982/83 and 1983/84, samples of digesta were collected from nine sites along the gastrointestinal tracts of seven west indian manatees, trichechus manatus. the voluminous large intestine of the manatee is responsible for considerable water reabsorption, as well as being the major site of organic matter, nitrogen and crude fat digestion. cellulose digestion occurs primarily in the cecum and anterior portion of the colon in a pattern similar to terrestrial nonruminant herbivo ...	1986	2876808
erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis in the west indian manatee, trichechus manatus (mammalia: sirenia).	the west indian manatee, trichechus manatus, has amedullary, pachyostotic long bones. since marrow cavities of the long bones typically are the locations of hemopoiesis in adult mammals, the manatee has evolved an alternative primary site of hemopoiesis. histological examinations of spleens, livers, kidneys, and vertebral bodies indicate that the last-named location is the main site of erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis in t. manatus. this conclusion is based on the presence in the vertebrae of b ...	1986	3751481
the heart of the dugong (dugong dugon) and the west indian manatee (trichechus manatus) (sirenia).	thirty-eight dugong (dugong dugon) hearts and 28 florida manatee (trichechus manatus) hearts were obtained from stranding programs in australia and the united states. in addition to a double ventricular apex, a feature that has astonished scientists since the eighteenth century, the hearts of both animals have a double subvalvular conus and a dorsal left atrium. the heart lies in a vertical plane at right angles to that of the completely dorsal, symmetrical lungs. the dugong heart has a deeper i ...	1985	30005568
pathologic findings in manatees in florida.	necropsy and microscopic examinations of 16 west indian manatees (trichechus manatus) revealed that the mortality of many of the animals was associated with environmental factors such as human-inflicted trauma and cold winters. natural disease processes accounted for the death of only 1 manatee. in 3 manatees, the cause of death could not be determined.	1984	6511576
toxoplasmic meningoencephalitis in a west indian manatee.		1983	6643252
the photoreceptors of the west indian manatee.	using light and electron microscopy we found that the manatee retina has both rodlike and conelike photoreceptors in accord with its diurnal behavior pattern. outer segment disks in both cell types appear to be enclosed along most of their length within the plasma membrane. the synaptic terminals are simple, with small, superficial postsynaptic contacts. the cones have long inner segments, short, conical outer segments and terminals with numerous synaptic ribons and deeply embedded postsynaptic ...	1982	7120422
blood chemistry of the west indian manatee (trichechus manatus).	blood from 10 clinically healthy west indian manatees (8 wild, 2 captive) was analyzed for the common blood chemical substances. no sex differences were found. the results were comparable for the most part to those of the common domestic mammals. notable exceptions were the anion gaps, and total proteins and a/g ratios which were higher than those for domestic species. some of these differences were no doubt due to the stress of capture.	1982	7097885
hematology of the west indian manatee (trichechus manatus).	hemograms on blood obtained from 10 clinically normal west indian manatees (trichechus manatus) were studied. the red cells were large and in lower number than in most terrestrial species. the manatee does not have a neutrophil as is present in most species, but it has a heterophil whose granules stain pink with the wright-giemsa stain. the eosinophil has uniform red-staining granules that make its differentiation from heterophils difficult. both large and small lymphocytes, monocytes and basoph ...	1982	15311402
blood coagulation of the west indian manatee (trichechus manatus).	blood was obtained from 10 clinically normal west indian manatees. many coagulation screening tests were performed on the blood as well as specific clotting factor assays. all clotting factors were present and their activities compared to those of the dog. the clotting factor activities of the intrinsic system of the manatee are much higher than those of the dog. factor x activity is about the same as that of the dog. the clotting factor activities of the extrinsic system seems to be less than t ...	1982	7083860
a note on the duodenum of the west indian manatee (trichechus manatus), with emphasis on the duodenal glands.	the anatomy of the duodenum of the west indian manatee has both macroscopic and microscopic features that are unusual when compared to other mammalian forms. macroscopically, the voluminous duodenal ampulla and the paired duodenal diverticula are distinctive. the general microscopic structure of the manatee duodenum is not unusual, but the duodenal glands secrete an acid mucin (sialomucin). the cells of these glands appear to be intermediate between classical serous and mucous cell types. these ...	1982	7148376
tracking of the florida manatee (trichechus manatus).		1981	7284526
some studies on blood of the florida manatee, trichechus manatus latirostris.		1976	9260
intussusception in a florida manatee.	an intussusception resulting from an embedded fishhook and a mass of nylon cord, monofilament line, and wire was determined to be the cause of death in a florida manatee (trichechus manatus latirostris). pathologic findings are given along with information on bacteria (edwardsiella tarda), pesticide residues (dde, pcb's and dieldrin), and parasites (chiorchis fabaceus).	1975	1195505