Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| anti-infective assessment of senecio smithioides (asteraceae) and isolation of 9-oxoeuryopsin, a furanoeremophilane-type sesquiterpene with antiplasmodial activity. | the search for anti-infective activity in the antipyretic plant senecio smithioides was conducted. petroleum ether (pe), dichloromethane (ch2cl2), ethyl acetate (etoac) and hydroethanolic (96% etoh) extracts, and compounds 9-oxoeuryopsin (1), epoxydecompostin (2) and senecionine (3) were obtained from the aerial parts. all extracts and 1 were tested against chloroquine-resistant strain of plasmodium falciparum (ref. chloroquine), trypanosoma cruzi (ref. nifurtimox), leishmania braziliensis, leis ... | 2015 | 26606687 |
| kinetoplastid membrane protein-11 as a vaccine candidate and a virulence factor in leishmania. | kinetoplastid membrane protein-11 (kmp-11), a protein present in all kinetoplastid protozoa, is considered a potential candidate for a leishmaniasis vaccine. in leishmania amazonensis, kmp-11 is expressed in promastigotes and amastigotes. in both stages, the protein was found in association with membrane structures at the cell surface, flagellar pocket, and intracellular vesicles. more importantly, its surface expression is higher in amastigotes than in promastigotes and increases during metacyc ... | 2015 | 26528287 |
| distinct macrophage fates after in vitro infection with different species of leishmania: induction of apoptosis by leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis, but not by leishmania (viannia) guyanensis. | leishmania is an intracellular parasite in vertebrate hosts, including man. during infection, amastigotes replicate inside macrophages and are transmitted to healthy cells, leading to amplification of the infection. although transfer of amastigotes from infected to healthy cells is a crucial step that may shape the outcome of the infection, it is not fully understood. here we compare l. amazonensis and l. guyanensis infection in c57bl/6 and balb/c mice and investigate the fate of macrophages whe ... | 2015 | 26513474 |
| molecular characterization of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the tri‑border area of assis brasil, acre state, brazil. | in this study, leishmania species were identified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the epidemiology of patients suspected of having american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of assis brasil, acre state, located in the brazil/peru/bolivia tri-border was also investigated. by pcr, the dna of leishmania was detected in 100% of the cases (37 samples) and a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of the hsp 70 gene identified the species in 32 samples: leishmania (viannia) b ... | 2015 | 26422160 |
| effect of aliphatic, monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic, heterocyclic and sulphur-containing amino acids on leishmania spp. chemotaxis. | in the sand-fly mid gut, leishmania promastigotes are exposed to acute changes in nutrients, e.g. amino acids (aas). these metabolites are the main energy sources for the parasite, crucial for its differentiation and motility. we analysed the migratory behaviour and morphological changes produced by aliphatic, monocarboxylic, dicarboxylic, heterocyclic and sulphur-containing aas in leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis and demonstrated that l-methionine (10-12 m), l-tryptophan (10-1 ... | 2015 | 26396059 |
| further evidence of an association between the presence of leishmania rna virus 1 and the mucosal manifestations in tegumentary leishmaniasis patients. | tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl) is endemic in latin america, and brazil contributes approximately 20 thousand cases per year. the pathogenesis of tl, however, is still not fully understood. clinical manifestations vary from cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) to more severe outcomes, such as disseminated leishmaniasis (dl), mucosal leishmaniasis (ml) and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (dcl). many factors have been associated with the severity of the disease and the development of lesions. recent studie ... | 2015 | 26372217 |
| photodynamic effects of zinc phthalocyanines on intracellular amastigotes of leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis. | this study investigated the photoactivity of four zinc phthalocyanines (pczns) on a murine macrophage cell line infected with leishmania amazonensis or leishmania braziliensis. infected and uninfected cells were incubated with pczns at different concentrations (1-10 μm) for 3 h and then exposed to an led device in continuous wave mode at 660 nm with a fluency of 50 j/cm(2) (25 mv). enzymatic activity was determined by mtt assay 24 h after light treatment. the results demonstrated that all pczns ... | 2015 | 25288263 |
| novel dialkylphosphorylhydrazones: synthesis, leishmanicidal evaluation and theoretical investigation of the proposed mechanism of action. | as part of a program to develop new drugs for the treatment of neglected diseases, new dialkylphosphorylhydrazones were synthesized and evaluated against the trypanosomatid parasites leishmania braziliensis and leishmania amazonensis. the synthesis of these compounds proved satisfactory with yields ranging from moderate to good. the most active compounds against l. braziliensis presented ic50 values in the 10(-2) μm range, similar to that of the reference drug pentamidine. two compounds, 4m and ... | 2015 | 26107111 |
| the efficacy of 2-nitrovinylfuran derivatives against leishmania in vitro and in vivo. | despite recent advances in the treatment of some forms of leishmaniasis, the available drugs are still far from ideal due to inefficacy, parasite resistance, toxicity and cost. the wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity of 2-nitrovinylfuran compounds has been described, as has their activity against trichomonas vaginalis and other protozoa. thus, the aim of this study was to test the antileishmanial activities of six 2-nitrovinylfurans in vitro and in a murine model of leishmaniasis. minimum paras ... | 2015 | 25946239 |
| the efficacy of 2-nitrovinylfuran derivatives against leishmania in vitro and in vivo. | despite recent advances in the treatment of some forms of leishmaniasis, the available drugs are still far from ideal due to inefficacy, parasite resistance, toxicity and cost. the wide-spectrum antimicrobial activity of 2-nitrovinylfuran compounds has been described, as has their activity against trichomonas vaginalis and other protozoa. thus, the aim of this study was to test the antileishmanial activities of six 2-nitrovinylfurans in vitro and in a murine model of leishmaniasis. minimum paras ... | 2015 | 25807467 |
| interactions between neutrophils and leishmania braziliensis amastigotes facilitate cell activation and parasite clearance. | leishmania braziliensis and leishmania amazonensis are both causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in south america. however, patient prognosis and the host immune response differ considerably depending on the infecting parasite species. the mechanisms underlying these differences appear to be multifactorial, with both host and parasite components contributing to disease outcome. as neutrophils are a prominent component of the inflammatory infiltrate in chronic cutaneous, diffuse cutaneous ... | 2015 | 25766649 |
| in vitro metacyclogenesis of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis clinical field isolates, as evaluated by morphology, complement resistance, and infectivity to human macrophages. | this study was designed to assess in vitro metacyclogenesis of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis clinical field isolates obtained from patient lesions (l. braziliensis img3 and pps6m; l. amazonensis mab6). metacyclogenesis was evaluated by different criteria, namely, promastigote size (morphometric analysis and flow cytometry), surface modifications (loss of lectin or monoclonal antibody (mab) binding, complement resistance), and infectivity to human macro ... | 2015 | 25695070 |
| intranasal vaccination with leishmanial antigens protects golden hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) against leishmania (viannia) braziliensis infection. | previous results have shown that oral and intranasal administration of particulate leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis antigens (laag) partially protects mice against l. amazonensis infection. however, vaccination studies on species of the subgenus viannia, the main causative agent of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis in the americas, have been hampered by the lack of easy-to-handle bio-models that accurately mimic the human disease. recently, we demonstrated that the golden hamster is an appr ... | 2015 | 25569338 |
| ck2 secreted by leishmania braziliensis mediates macrophage association invasion: a comparative study between virulent and avirulent promastigotes. | ck2 is a protein kinase distributed in different compartments of leishmania braziliensis: an externally oriented ecto-ck2, an intracellular ck2, and a secreted ck2. this latter form is constitutively secreted from the parasite (csck2), but such secretion may be highly enhanced by the association of specific molecules, including enzyme substrates, which lead to a higher enzymatic activity, called inductively secreted ck2 (isck2). here, we examined the influence of secreted ck2 (sck2) activity on ... | 2015 | 26120579 |
| [infectivity of promastigotes in stationary phase of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (viannia) peruviana, in cell line dh82]. | to determine the infectivity of promastigotes of leishmania (v.) peruviana and leishmania (v.) braziliensis in monocyte-macrophage cell line dh82 of canis familiaris. | 2015 | 26102103 |
| activity of synthetic chalcones in hamsters experimentally infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the purpose of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of synthetic chalcones 1 and 2 in uninfected hamsters and anti-leishmania activity of synthetic chalcones 1 and 2 in hamsters infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. for the toxicity test, uninfected animals were treated with chalcones 1 and 2, and clinical and biochemical parameters and histological aspects of the liver and kidneys were assessed. chalcones 1 and 2 were then intraperitoneally or topically administered (10 mg/kg body ... | 2015 | 26096827 |
| outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in peruvian military personnel undertaking training activities in the amazon basin, 2010. | military personnel deployed to the amazon basin are at high risk for cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). we responded to an outbreak among peruvian army personnel returning from short-term training in the amazon, conducting active case detection, lesion sample collection, and risk factor assessment. the attack rate was 25% (76/303); the incubation period was 2-36 weeks (median = 8). most cases had one lesion (66%), primarily ulcerative (49%), and in the legs (57%). real-time polymerase chain reaction ... | 2015 | 26078320 |
| structural and functional studies of hsp70-escort protein--hep1--of leishmania braziliensis. | hep1 is a mitochondrial hsp70 (mthsp70) co-chaperone that presents a zinc finger domain essential for its function. this co-chaperone acts to maintain mthsp70 in its soluble and functional state. in this work, we have demonstrated that leishmania braziliensis mthsp70 (lbmthsp70) is also dependent on the assistance of hep1. to understand the l. braziliensis hep1 (lbhep1) structure-function relationship, we produced lbhep1 and two truncated mutants corresponding to the c-terminal zinc finger domai ... | 2015 | 26071939 |
| changes in macrophage gene expression associated with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis infection. | different leishmania species cause distinct clinical manifestations of the infectious disease leishmaniasis. it is fundamentally important to understand the mechanisms governing the interaction between leishmania and its host cell. little is known about this interaction between leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and human macrophages. in this study, we aimed to identify differential gene expression between non-infected and l. (v) braziliensis-infected u937-derived macrophages. we deployed a whole ... | 2015 | 26052705 |
| treatment of disseminated leishmaniasis with liposomal amphotericin b. | disseminated leishmaniasis (dl) is a severe and emerging form of american tegumentary leishmaniasis, associated primarily with infection by leishmania brasiliensis. dl is defined by the presence of ≥10 mixed-type lesions such as inflammatory papules and ulcers, located in ≥2 body parts. most patients have hundreds of lesions all over the body, and mucosal involvement is detected in up to 44% of cases. dl is a difficult to cure disease and pentavalent antimony (sb(v)) is used as standard treatmen ... | 2015 | 26048961 |
| sand fly fauna (diptera: psychodidae) from the goytacazes national forest and surrounding areas of southeastern brazil. | most studies of the sand fly fauna in southeastern brazil are conducted in the peridomiciliary environment of leishmaniasis endemic regions. therefore, to increase the knowledge about diversity and richness of sand fly conservation areas, we describe here the sand fly fauna from the national forest of goytacazes (nfg), state of espírito santo, brazil, and its surroundings areas. we also used sand fly fauna records from eight conservations units within the state of espírito santo to understand th ... | 2015 | 26047181 |
| upregulation of cysteine synthase and cystathionine β-synthase contributes to leishmania braziliensis survival under oxidative stress. | cysteine metabolism is considered essential for the crucial maintenance of a reducing environment in trypanosomatids due to its importance as a precursor of trypanothione biosynthesis. expression, activity, functional rescue, and overexpression of cysteine synthase (cs) and cystathionine β-synthase (cβs) were evaluated in leishmania braziliensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes under in vitro stress conditions induced by hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine, or an ... | 2015 | 26033728 |
| correction: prediction of cd8+ epitopes in leishmania braziliensis proteins using epibot: in silico search and in vivo validation. | 2015 | 26030657 | |
| ex vivo host and parasite response to antileishmanial drugs and immunomodulators. | therapeutic response in infectious disease involves host as well as microbial determinants. because the immune and inflammatory response to leishmania (viannia) species defines the outcome of infection and efficacy of treatment, immunomodulation is considered a promising therapeutic strategy. however, since leishmania infection and antileishmanial drugs can themselves modulate drug transport, metabolism and/or immune responses, immunotherapeutic approaches require integrated assessment of host a ... | 2015 | 26024228 |
| an atypical toxoplasma gondii genotype in a rural brazilian dog co-infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | toxoplasmosis and leishmaniasis are two worldwide zoonoses caused by the protozoan parasites toxoplasma gondii and leishmania spp., respectively. this report describes the clinical and laboratorial findings of a co-infection with both parasites in a 4-year-old female dog suspected of ehrlichiosis that presented anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, tachyzoite-like structures to the lung imprints, and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) results positive for t. gondii (kidney, ... | 2015 | 25992942 |
| field validation of a leishmania (leishmania) mexicana exo-antigens elisa for diagnosing tegumentary leishmaniasis in regions of leishmania (viannia) predominance. | several tests are performed to obtain better accuracy when diagnosing american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl). it is believed that antigens released via secretion, excretion and metabolism are more specific than are antigens released by the lysis of leishmania parasites. such antigens are known as exo-antigens (exo-ag) and are formed from products released by cultured parasites in a way that is similar to that in which they cause infections in hosts. | 2015 | 25985901 |
| higher sensitivity of immunohistochemistry for bona fide diagnosis of dog leishmania (viannia) braziliensis-driven american tegumentary leishmaniasis: description of an optimized immunohistochemistry method. | the in situ detection of parasite antigens in tissue sections by immunohistochemistry (ihc) is a diagnostic alternative for human american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl), but has not been used for the diagnosis of cutaneous lesions in dogs with atl. this study describes the results of ihc for the detection of amastigote forms and other leishmania sp. antigen-positive cells and compares the results of ihc, histopathology and cytopathology for the diagnosis of canine atl. in addition, possible cr ... | 2015 | 25977396 |
| analysis of bioactivities and chemical composition of ziziphus joazeiro mart. using hplc-dad. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical profile and antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of ziziphus joazeiro mart. (helzj). the antioxidant dpph and frap assays and chemical profile were determined by colorimetric methods and hplc/dad. the antiparasitic, antibiotic and antibiotic-modifying activity were evaluated by microdilution assays. the hplc-dad assay showed the presence of mostly tannins and flavonoids, such as caff ... | 2015 | 25976809 |
| phosphoproteomic analysis of wild-type and antimony-resistant leishmania braziliensis lines by 2d-dige technology. | protein phosphorylation is one of the most studied post-translational modifications that is involved in different cellular events in leishmania. in this study, we performed a comparative phosphoproteomics analysis of potassium antimonyl tartrate (sbiii)-resistant and -susceptible lines of leishmania braziliensis using a 2d-dige approach followed by ms. in order to investigate the differential phosphoprotein abundance associated with the drug-induced stress response and sbiii-resistance mechanism ... | 2015 | 25959087 |
| in vitro leishmanicidal activity of 1,3-disubstituted 5-nitroindazoles. | the antiprotozoal activity of some indazole-derived amines (2, 3, 5-8) as well as that of some simple structurally related 3-alkoxy-1-alkyl-5-nitroindazoles (1, 4) against promastigote and amastigote forms of leishmania infantum and leishmania braziliensis is reported. in some cases, these compounds showed in vitro activities against the different morphological forms of leishmania similar to or higher than those of the reference drug glucantime; this fact, along with low unspecific cytotoxicitie ... | 2015 | 25956673 |
| recombinant production, crystallization and crystal structure determination of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (dhodh) is a flavoenzyme that catalyses the oxidation of dihydroorotate to orotate in the de novo pyrimidine-biosynthesis pathway. in this study, a reproducible protocol for the heterologous expression of active dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from leishmania (viannia) braziliensis (lbdhodh) was developed and its crystal structure was determined at 2.12 å resolution. l. (v.) braziliensis is the species responsible for the mucosal form of leishmaniasis, a negl ... | 2015 | 25945707 |
| prediction of cd8+ epitopes in leishmania braziliensis proteins using epibot: in silico search and in vivo validation. | leishmaniasis is caused by intracellular leishmania parasites that induce a t-cell mediated response associated with recognition of cd4+ and cd8+ t cell line 1lineepitopes. identification of cd8+ antigenic determinants is crucial for vaccine and therapy development. herein, we developed an open-source software dedicated to search and compile data obtained from currently available on line prediction algorithms. | 2015 | 25905908 |
| outbreak of leishmania braziliensis cutaneous leishmaniasis, saül, french guiana. | 2015 | 25897573 | |
| mixed infection of leishmania infantum and leishmania braziliensis in rodents from endemic urban area of the new world. | in brazil leishmania braziliensis and l. infantum are the principal species responsible for cutaneous and visceral leishmaniases, respectively. domestic dogs are the main reservoirs of visceral leishmaniasis, while rodents and marsupials are the main reservoirs for cutaneous leishmaniasis. it has also been suggested that dogs could play a role in transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis. the identification of the species of leishmania, the reservoirs, and the vectors involved in each particular t ... | 2015 | 25890323 |
| epidemiological aspects of vector, parasite, and domestic reservoir in areas of recent transmission and no reported human cases of visceral leishmaniasis in brazil. | about 97% of the human cases of the american visceral leishmaniasis (vl) occur in brazil. in the last few years, the disease expanded to medium- and large-sized cities, in which surveillance and control actions have been intensified, in an effort to control vl spreading. our two-year study was conducted in belo horizonte, the sixth most populous city in brazil, which is endemic for vl. we focused in two particular districts of recent transmission of the disease, with no reported human cases and ... | 2015 | 25882769 |
| apoptosis and frequency of total and effector cd8+ t lymphocytes from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients during antimonial therapy. | leishmaniasis is an important parasitic disease affecting millions worldwide. human cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is endemic in rio de janeiro, brazil, where is caused by leishmania braziliensis. the adaptive immune response is accountable for the healing of cl and despite of key role of cd8+ t cells in this immune response little is known about the cd8+ t lymphocytes frequencies, apoptosis and antigen-responsive cd8+ t lymphocytes of cl patients during antimonial therapy. | 2015 | 25870976 |
| imported new world cutaneous leishmaniasis in a traveller from slovakia. | we present a case of imported leishmaniasis in a 31-year-old woman from slovakia, who visited the countries of south america for three months in 2011. on 29 and 31 august 2011, she was probably infected with leishmania parasites in the jungles of ecuador. approximately one week after returning to slovakia, a small papules appeared on patient's left leg. another wound was found after two weeks. both ulcers were enlarging. we proved amastigote forms of leishmania spp. only in repeated dermal scrap ... | 2015 | 25869571 |
| imidazole-containing phthalazine derivatives inhibit fe-sod performance in leishmania species and are active in vitro against visceral and mucosal leishmaniasis. | the in vitro leishmanicidal activity of a series of imidazole-containing phthalazine derivatives 1-4 was tested on leishmania infantum, leishmania braziliensis and leishmania donovani parasites, and their cytotoxicity on j774·2 macrophage cells was also measured. all compounds tested showed selectivity indexes higher than that of the reference drug glucantime for the three leishmania species, and the less bulky monoalkylamino substituted derivatives 2 and 4 were clearly more effective than their ... | 2015 | 25823476 |
| in vitro sensitivity of paired leishmania (viannia) braziliensis samples isolated before meglumine antimoniate treatment and after treatment failure or reactivation of cutaneous leishmaniasis. | this study evaluated the in vitro sensitivity of paired leishmania braziliensis samples isolated from the same patient before pentavalent antimonial treatment (sample a) and after treatment failure or cutaneous leishmaniasis reactivation (sample b) in patients undergoing intralesional administration or injections (5 mgsb(v)/kg/d) of meglumine antimoniate. fourteen samples from 7 patients were studied. after 24 h of drug exposure, 50% lethal dose (ld50) values for promastigotes ranged from 0.37 m ... | 2015 | 25802480 |
| protective profile involving cd23/ige-mediated no release is a hallmark of cutaneous leishmaniasis patients from the xakriabá indigenous community in minas gerais, brazil. | in this study, we described, for the first time, specific aspects of an anti-leishmania immune response in a brazilian xakriabá indigenous community. induction of an intracellular no pathway, triggered by the binding of ige to cd23 receptor in ifn-γ/il-4 cytokines environment, was evaluated in localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (lcl) carriers and positive montenegro skin test (mst) individuals without skin lesion (mt(+) sl(-)). our data demonstrated that the higher frequency of cd23(+) cd14(+) mo ... | 2015 | 25802003 |
| an analysis of reported cases of leishmaniasis in the southern ecuadorian amazon region, 1986-2012. | an analysis of reported cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) was performed using the data registered in the southern ecuadorian amazon region during 27 years from 1986 to 2012. the cases/subjects with both the suspected cl lesions and the amastigote-positive results were recruited for the analysis. the yearly occurrence of cases showed a markedly higher number during the six years, 1988 and 1993. after 1994 when the insecticide spraying campaign using helicopter in 1993-1994, the number dropped ... | 2015 | 25796313 |
| ecology of sand flies in a low-density residential rural area, with mixed forest/agricultural exploitation, in north-eastern brazil. | cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis is endemic in brazil, where lutzomyia whitmani is the most important vector involved in the transmission to humans, particularly in the peridomestic environment. herein, we assessed the ecology of sand flies, including lu. whitmani, in a low-density residential rural area with mixed forest/agricultural exploitation in north-eastern brazil, where cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic. particularly, we hypothesized that sand fly abundance was ... | 2015 | 25792416 |
| exposure to leishmania braziliensis triggers neutrophil activation and apoptosis. | neutrophils are the first line of defense against invading pathogens and are rapidly recruited to the sites of leishmania inoculation. during leishmania braziliensis infection, depletion of inflammatory cells significantly increases the parasite load whereas co-inoculation of neutrophils plus l. braziliensis had an opposite effect. moreover, the co-culture of infected macrophages and neutrophils also induced parasite killing leading us to ask how neutrophils alone respond to an l. braziliensis e ... | 2015 | 25756874 |
| intrachromosomal amplification, locus deletion and point mutation in the aquaglyceroporin aqp1 gene in antimony resistant leishmania (viannia) guyanensis. | antimony resistance complicates the treatment of infections caused by the parasite leishmania. | 2015 | 25679388 |
| il2ra genetic variants reduce il-2-dependent responses and aggravate human cutaneous leishmaniasis. | the outcome of leishmania infections varies substantially, depending on the host and the parasite strain; infection may be asymptomatic or cause mild or severe skin ulcers (cutaneous leishmaniasis [cl]), limited or disseminated lesions, or lethal visceral disease. we previously reported an association between il-2r mutations and susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis in children infected with leishmania donovani. in the present study, we evaluated the possible role of il-2 signaling in human c ... | 2015 | 25672756 |
| crystal structure and biophysical characterization of the nucleoside diphosphate kinase from leishmania braziliensis. | nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndk) is a housekeeping enzyme that plays key roles in nucleotide recycling and homeostasis in trypanosomatids. it is also secreted by the intracellular parasite leishmania to modulate the host response. these functions make ndk an attractive target for drug design and for studies aiming at a better understanding of the mechanisms mediating host-pathogen interactions. | 2015 | 25643978 |
| sustained presence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in urban manaus, the largest human settlement in the amazon. | the amazon is responsible for approximately 40% of the american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) in brazil. herein the sustained presence of atl in manaus, the largest settlement in the amazon, was investigated. records of notification of historic cases, and data from cases prospectively enrolled in the tropical medicine foundation of the amazonas state were used. geographic coordinates of prospective patients' living sites were used to detect inner-city clusters of atl. infecting leishmania spec ... | 2015 | 26483119 |
| topical and intradermal efficacy of photodynamic therapy with methylene blue and light-emitting diode in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis. | the topical and intradermal photodynamic therapy (pdt) effect of methylene blue (mb) using light-emitting diode (led) as light source (mb/led-pdt) in the treatment of lesions of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) caused by leishmania braziliensis in hamsters were investigated. | 2015 | 26464777 |
| a potential role for mononuclear phagocytes in cutaneous ulcer development in human immunodeficiency virus-leishmania braziliensis coinfection. | skin ulcer development in cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania braziliensis infection is associated with a mononuclear cell infiltrate and high levels of tumor necrosis factor (tnf). herein, we show that despite the absence of leishmania-driven tnf, a cutaneous leishmaniasis patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome developed a skin ulcer. the presence of mononuclear phagocytes and high levels of tnf, chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 2 (ccl2), and metalloproteinase-9 in tissue are identif ... | 2015 | 26483124 |
| parasitological confirmation and analysis of leishmania diversity in asymptomatic and subclinical infection following resolution of cutaneous leishmaniasis. | the contribution of individuals with subclinical infection to the transmission and endemicity of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is unknown. immunological evidence of exposure to leishmania in residents of endemic areas has been the basis for defining the human population with asymptomatic infection. however, parasitological confirmation of subclinical infection is lacking. | 2015 | 26659114 |
| amastin knockdown in leishmania braziliensis affects parasite-macrophage interaction and results in impaired viability of intracellular amastigotes. | leishmaniasis, a human parasitic disease with manifestations ranging from cutaneous ulcerations to fatal visceral infection, is caused by several leishmania species. these protozoan parasites replicate as extracellular, flagellated promastigotes in the gut of a sandfly vector and as amastigotes inside the parasitophorous vacuole of vertebrate host macrophages. amastins are surface glycoproteins encoded by large gene families present in the genomes of several trypanosomatids and highly expressed ... | 2015 | 26641088 |
| leishmania (viannia) naiffi: rare enough to be neglected? | in the brazilian amazon, american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) is endemic and presents a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations due, in part, to the circulation of at least seven leishmania species. few reports of leishmania (viannia) naiffi infection suggest that its occurrence is uncommon and the reported cases present a benign clinical course and a good response to treatment. this study aimed to strengthen the clinical and epidemiological importance of l. (v.) naiffi in the amazon region ... | 2015 | 26517660 |
| detection of leishmania (viannia) dna in leucocytes from the blood of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a serious and global public health issue, with the potential of developing a mucosal form, occurring as subclinical cases, and showing recurrence despite previous treatment. | 2015 | 26516978 |
| presence of anti-leishmania (viannia) braziliensis antibodies in blood donors in the west-central region of the state of paraná, brazil. | serological screening in blood banks does not include all transmittable diseases. american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) has a high detection rate in the municipalities of the state of paraná. | 2015 | 26516977 |
| expression of annexin a1 in leishmania-infected skin and its correlation with histopathological features. | the aim of this study was quantify annexin a1 expression in macrophages and cluster of differentiation 4 (cd4) + and cluster of differentiation 8 (cd8)+ t cells from the skin of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (n=55) and correlate with histopathological aspects. | 2015 | 26516965 |
| polymerase chain reaction-based method for the identification of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (viannia) guyanensis in mucosal tissues conserved in paraffin. | in the americas, mucosal leishmaniasis is primarily associated with infection by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. however, leishmania (viannia) guyanensis is another important cause of this disease in the brazilian amazon. in this study, we aimed at detecting leishmaniadeoxyribonucleic acid (dna) within paraffin-embedded fragments of mucosal tissues, and characterizing the infecting parasite species. | 2015 | 26516964 |
| leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in dogs in brazil: epidemiology, co-infection, and clinical aspects. | leishmaniasis is an endemic disease present in 98 countries. in brazil, the northeast region accounts for approximately half of the cases in humans, and has experienced an increased number of positive cases in dogs. in this study, we investigated the epidemiology of canine leishmaniasis in the city of ilhéus, bahia, using serological and molecular techniques and evaluated the possible environmental risk factors and associated clinical signs. blood samples were collected from 560 dogs in urban an ... | 2015 | 26505353 |
| potential use of interleukin-10 blockade as a therapeutic strategy in human cutaneous leishmaniasis. | interleukin-10 overproduction has been associated with worse prognosis in human cutaneous leishmaniasis, while ifn-γ-dependent responses are associated with parasite killing and host protection. innovative strategies are needed to overcome therapeutic failure observed in endemic areas. the use of monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy targeting il-10 cytokine was evaluated here. partial il-10 blockade in leishmania braziliensis whole soluble antigen-stimulated cells from endemic area cl patient ... | 2015 | 26495321 |
| functional evaluation of gene silencing on macrophages derived from u937 cells using interference rna (shrna) in a model of macrophages infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | leishmaniasis development is multifactorial; nonetheless, the establishment of the infection, which occurs by the survival and replication of the parasite inside its main host cell, the macrophage, is mandatory. thus, the importance of studying the molecular mechanisms involved in the leishmania-macrophage interaction is highlighted. the aim of this study was to characterize a cellular model of macrophages derived from u937 cells that would allow for the identification of infection phenotypes in ... | 2015 | 26443923 |
| first description of migonemyia migonei (frança) and nyssomyia whitmani (antunes & coutinho) (psychodidae: phlebotominae) natural infected by leishmania infantum in argentina. | leishmania infantum is the etiological agent of the visceral leishmaniasis (vl) disease in america, with lutzomyia longipalpis phlebotomine sandflies as its proven vectors in argentina, and infected dogs as its main urban reservoir. in puerto iguazú city (misiones province, argentina), human and canine cases of vl were recorded. additionally, in the rural area known as "2000 hectáreas", less than 10km away from the city, several human cases of tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl) were registered deter ... | 2015 | 26409011 |
| comparative genomic analysis of leishmania (viannia) peruviana and leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the leishmania (viannia) braziliensis complex is responsible for most cases of new world tegumentary leishmaniasis. this complex includes two closely related species but with different geographic distribution and disease phenotypes, l. (v.) peruviana and l. (v.) braziliensis. however, the genetic basis of these differences is not well understood and the status of l. (v.) peruviana as distinct species has been questioned by some. here we sequenced the genomes of two l. (v.) peruviana isolates (le ... | 2015 | 26384787 |
| proteins selected in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis by an immunoproteomic approach with potential serodiagnosis applications for tegumentary leishmaniasis. | the serodiagnosis of human tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl) presents some problems, such as the low level of antileishmanial antibodies found in most of the patients, as well as the cross-reactivity in subjects infected by other trypanosomatids. in the present study, an immunoproteomic approach was performed aimed at identification of antigens in total extracts of stationary-phase promastigote and amastigote-like forms of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis using sera from tl patients. with the purp ... | 2015 | 26376929 |
| differential gene expression and infection profiles of cutaneous and mucosal leishmania braziliensis isolates from the same patient. | leishmaniasis is a complex disease in which clinical outcome depends on factors such as parasite species, host genetics and immunity and vector species. in brazil, leishmania (viannia) braziliensis is a major etiological agent of cutaneous (cl) and mucosal leishmaniasis (mcl), a disfiguring form of the disease, which occurs in ~10% of l. braziliensis-infected patients. thus, clinical isolates from patients with cl and mcl may be a relevant source of information to uncover parasite factors contri ... | 2015 | 26366580 |
| combined suboptimal schedules of topical paromomycin, meglumine antimoniate and miltefosine to treat experimental infection caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of binary combinations of suboptimal schedules of drugs with different administration routes (topical paromomycin, intramuscular meglumine antimoniate and oral miltefosine) to treat animals infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | 2015 | 26346991 |
| ecological aspects of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera, psychodidae, phlebotominae) in areas of american cutaneous leishmaniasis, in the municipality of paraty, rio de janeiro, brazil. i-index of abundance by location and type of capture. | the description of the first and autochthonous case of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in the municipality of paraty, state of rio de janeiro, brought the interest of this study. sand flies were captured over a 3-yr period. using manual suction tubes, sand flies were collected from the inner and outer walls of homes, in the living spaces of domestic animals, and in shannon light traps, which were set up outside homes and in the forest. cdc light traps were installed inside homes, around the exte ... | 2015 | 26336245 |
| identification and functional evaluation of leishmania braziliensis nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase. | the progressive increase in leishmania resistance to current control approaches prompts the need to develop therapeutic strategies based on comprehensive knowledge of the parasite's biology. the enzyme nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (nmnat, ec 2.7.7.1) catalyzes the central step in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad(+)) biosynthesis, making it essential for the survival of all organisms. nad(+) metabolism is related to the maintenance of several biochemical, cellular, and ph ... | 2015 | 26318236 |
| a devh-box rna helicase from leishmania braziliensis is associated to mrna cytoplasmic granules. | rna helicases are ubiquitous enzymes that participate in almost all aspects of rna processing, including rna and rna-protein complex remodelling. in trypanosomatids, which post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, the formation of different kinds of ribonucleoprotein granules under stress conditions modulates the parasite's rna metabolism. this paper describes the isolation of a putative devh-box rna helicase produced by promastigotes of leishmania braziliensis. using a cy3-labelled dt30 ... | 2015 | 26284493 |
| correlation between presence of leishmania rna virus 1 and clinical characteristics of nasal mucosal leishmaniosis. | mucosal leishmaniosis (ml) is a severe clinical form of leishmaniosis. complex factors related to the parasite and the host are attributed to the development of mucosal lesions. leishmania rna virus 1 (lrv1) can disrupt immune response, and may be the main determinant of severity of the disease; it should be investigated. | 2015 | 26277588 |
| quantification of leishmania (viannia) kinetoplast dna in ulcers of cutaneous leishmaniasis reveals inter-site and inter-sampling variability in parasite load. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a skin disease caused by the protozoan parasite leishmania. few studies have assessed the influence of the sample collection site within the ulcer and the sampling method on the sensitivity of parasitological and molecular diagnostic techniques for cl. sensitivity of the technique can be dependent upon the load and distribution of leishmania amastigotes in the lesion. | 2015 | 26204525 |
| differential modulation of macrophage response elicited by glycoinositolphospholipids and lipophosphoglycan from leishmania (viannia) shawi. | in this work, some aspects of the glycobiology of leishmania shawi were examined, as it is a causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the new world. additionally, the interaction of l. shawi's main glycoconjugates [lipophosphoglycan (lpg) and glycoinositolphospholipids (gipls)] with macrophages was evaluated in vitro. l. shawi lpg was devoid of side-chains in its repeat units, whereas monosaccharide analysis showed that gipls were suggestive of mannose-rich (type i or hybrid). in order to e ... | 2015 | 25619843 |
| development of a novel formulation with hypericin to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis based on photodynamic therapy in in vitro and in vivo studies. | an evaluation of the leishmanicidal activity in vitro and in vivo of hypericin, an expanded-spectrum photosensitizer found in hypericum perforatum, is presented. hypericin was evaluated against intracellular amastigotes in vitro of leishmania (viannia) panamensis. a topical formulation containing 0.5% hypericin was developed and assayed in vivo in a hamster model of cutaneous leishmaniasis. results demonstrate that hypericin induces a significant antiamastigote effect in vitro against l. panamen ... | 2015 | 26169411 |
| clinical and immunological evidence that low doses of pentavalent antimonials are effective in maintaining long-term cure of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis cutaneous lesions. | 2015 | 25601103 | |
| proteomic analyses of membrane enriched proteins of leishmania donovani indian clinical isolate by mass spectrometry. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a major fatal disease prevalent in north-east india, caused by a protozoan parasite leishmania donovani. the parasite multiplies and thrives inside mammalian macrophages and is transmitted by the bite of the sandfly. due to the unsatisfactory treatment measures, increasing drug resistance and the advent of hiv-leishmania co-infection there has been an urgent need to develop novel drug/vaccine targets against vl. target identification is the key step in drug discove ... | 2015 | 25597695 |
| improving serodiagnosis of human and canine leishmaniasis with recombinant leishmania braziliensis cathepsin l-like protein and a synthetic peptide containing its linear b-cell epitope. | the early and correct diagnosis of human leishmaniasis is essential for disease treatment. another important step in the control of visceral leishmaniasis is the identification of infected dogs, which are the main domestic reservoir of l. infantum. recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides based on leishmania genes have emerged as valuable targets for serodiagnosis due to their increased sensitivity, specificity and potential for standardization. cathepsin l-like genes are surface antigens tha ... | 2015 | 25569432 |
| multilocus sequence typing approach for a broader range of species of leishmania genus: describing parasite diversity in argentina. | leishmaniasis is a vector-borne protozoan infection affecting over 350 million people around the world. in argentina cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in nine provinces and visceral leishmaniasis is spreading from autochthonous transmission foci in seven provinces. however, there is limited information about the diversity of the parasite in this country. implementation of molecular strategies for parasite typing, particularly multilocus sequence typing (mlst), represents an improved approach fo ... | 2015 | 25558029 |
| protective and pathological functions of cd8+ t cells in leishmania braziliensis infection. | cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) caused by leishmania braziliensis is characterized by a strong th1 response that leads to skin lesion development. in areas where l. braziliensis transmission is endemic, up to 15% of healthy subjects have tested positive for delayed-type hypersensitivity to soluble leishmania antigen (sla) and are considered to have subclinical (sc) infection. sc subjects produce less gamma interferon (ifn-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) than do cl patients, but they are ... | 2015 | 25534940 |
| functional analysis of iron superoxide dismutase-a in wild-type and antimony-resistant leishmania braziliensis and leishmania infantum lines. | in this work, we characterized the gene encoding iron superoxide dismutase-a (fesod-a) in wild-type (wts) and antimony-resistant (sbr) l. (viannia) braziliensis and l. (leishmania) infantum lines, which were selected in vitro. fesod-a transcript and protein expression were similar in all tested lines; however, specific enzyme activity analysis revealed higher superoxide dismutase activity in sbiii-resistant lbsbr and lisbr lines than in the corresponding wts lines. these parasites were also more ... | 2015 | 25449290 |
| identification of two p23 co-chaperone isoforms in leishmania braziliensis exhibiting similar structures and hsp90 interaction properties despite divergent stabilities. | the small acidic protein called p23 acts as a co-chaperone for heat-shock protein of 90 kda (hsp90) during its atpase cycle. p23 proteins inhibit hsp90 atpase activity and show intrinsic chaperone activity. a search for p23 in protozoa, especially trypanosomatids, led us to identify two putative proteins in the leishmania braziliensis genome that share approximately 30% identity with each other and with the human p23. to understand the presence of two p23 isoforms in trypanosomatids, we obtained ... | 2015 | 25369258 |
| linear b-cell epitope mapping of mapk3 and mapk4 from leishmania braziliensis: implications for the serodiagnosis of human and canine leishmaniasis. | the correct and early identification of humans and dogs infected with leishmania are key steps in the control of leishmaniasis. additionally, a method with high sensitivity and specificity at low cost that allows the screening of a large number of samples would be extremely valuable. in this study, we analyzed the potential of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (mapk3) and mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 (mapk4) proteins from leishmania braziliensis to serve as antigen candidates for the sero ... | 2015 | 25359475 |
| genetic divergence in populations of lutzomyia ayacuchensis, a vector of andean-type cutaneous leishmaniasis, in ecuador and peru. | haplotype and gene network analyses were performed on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase i and cytochrome b gene sequences of lutzomyia (lu.) ayacuchensis populations from andean areas of ecuador and southern peru where the sand fly species transmit leishmania (leishmania) mexicana and leishmania (viannia) peruviana, respectively, and populations from the northern peruvian andes, for which transmission of leishmania by lu. ayacuchensis has not been reported. the haplotype analyses showed higher in ... | 2015 | 25312337 |
| tr-1-like cd4+cd25-cd127-/lowfoxp3- cells are the main source of interleukin 10 in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania braziliensis. | cd4(+)cd25(+)foxp3(+) regulatory t cells have long been shown to mediate susceptibility to leishmania infection, mainly via interleukin 10 production. in this work, we showed that the main sources of interleukin 10 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania braziliensis are cd4(+)cd25(-)cd127(-/low)foxp3(-) cells. compared with uninfected controls, patients with cl had increased frequencies of circulating interleukin 10-producing cd ... | 2015 | 25139022 |
| intermediate monocytes contribute to pathologic immune response in leishmania braziliensis infections. | ulcer development in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) caused by leishmania braziliensis is associated with high levels of tumor necrosis factor (tnf). we found that early after infection, before ulcer development, the frequency of cd16(+) (both intermediate [cd14(+)cd16(+)] and nonclassical [cd14(dim)cd16(+)]) monocytes was increased in the peripheral blood of patients with l. braziliensis, compared with uninfected controls. these results suggest that cd16(+) monocytes might promote di ... | 2015 | 25139016 |
| mucosal leishmaniasis of the lip: an emerging clinical form in tunisia. | mucosal leishmaniasis (ml), which mostly occurs in the new world, is mainly associated with leishmania braziliensis. primary lip ml is very rare in the mediterranean basin and particulary in tunisia despite the endemicity of both cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in this area. | 2015 | 24910266 |
| proteome profiling of human cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion. | in this study, we used proteomics and biological network analysis to evaluate the potential biological processes and components present in the identified proteins of biopsies from cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) patients infected by leishmania braziliensis in comparison with normal skin. we identified 59 proteins differently expressed in samples from infected and normal skin. biological network analysis employing identified proteins showed the presence of networks that may be involved in the cell d ... | 2015 | 25207817 |
| genomic profiling of human leishmania braziliensis lesions identifies transcriptional modules associated with cutaneous immunopathology. | the host immune response has a critical role not only in protection from human leishmaniasis but also in promoting disease severity. although candidate gene approaches in mouse models of leishmaniasis have been extremely informative, a global understanding of the immune pathways active in lesions from human patients is lacking. to address this issue, genome-wide transcriptional profiling of leishmania braziliensis-infected cutaneous lesions and normal skin controls was carried out. a signature o ... | 2015 | 25036052 |
| pcr associated with molecular hybridization detects leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in healthy skin in canine tegumentary leishmaniasis. | tegumentary leishmaniasis (tl) is a zoonotic disease that affects humans and domestic dogs. in brazil, tl is considered endemic, and leishmania (viannia) braziliensis is the prevalent species causing this disease. there is debate about the role of dogs (canis familiaris) as domestic reservoirs in the transmission cycle of tl. to date, classical parasitological techniques, including parasite isolation in culture media, have been able to detect parasites only from cutaneous lesions. in this study, ... | 2015 | 25158080 |
| myriocin, a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor, blocks cytokinesis in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis promastigotes. | we studied the effect of myriocin, an inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase, on cultured leishmania (viannia) braziliensis promastigotes. myriocin significantly reduced synthesis of inositol phosphorylceramide, the major sphingolipid expressed in promastigotes as characterized by thin layer chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. log-phase promastigotes treated with 1 μm myriocin showed a 52% reduction in growth rate and morphological alterations such as more rounded sha ... | 2015 | 23659342 |
| body weight as a determinant of clinical evolution in hamsters (mesocricetus auratus) infected with leishmania (viannia) panamensis. | the clinical outcome of infection with leishmania species of the subgenus viannia in hamster model (mesocricetus auratus) has shown to be different depending on experimental protocol. body weight has been a relevant determinant of the clinical outcome of the infection in hamsters with visceral leishmaniasis but its importance as a clinical parameter in hamsters with cutaneous leishmaniasis is not known. in this study, the clinical evolution of infection with l. (v) panamensis was evaluated in ju ... | 2015 | 24037292 |
| role of the trypanosoma brucei hen1 family methyltransferase in small interfering rna modification. | parasitic protozoa of the flagellate order kinetoplastida represent one of the deepest branches of the eukaryotic tree. among this group of organisms, the mechanism of rna interference (rnai) has been investigated in trypanosoma brucei and to a lesser degree in leishmania (viannia) spp. the pathway is triggered by long double-stranded rna (dsrna) and in t. brucei requires a set of five core genes, including a single argonaute (ago) protein, t. brucei ago1 (tbago1). the five genes are conserved i ... | 2014 | 24186950 |
| identification of leishmania at the species level with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flightmaldi-tof mass spectrometry (ms) is now widely recognized as a powerful tool with which to identify bacteria and fungi at the species level, and sometimes in a rapid and accurate manner. we report herein an approach to identify, at the species level, leishmania promastigotes from in vitro culture. we first constructed a reference database of spectra including the main leishmania species known to cause human leishmaniasis. then, the perfor ... | 2014 | 24165542 |
| treatment failure and miltefosine susceptibility in dermal leishmaniasis caused by leishmania subgenus viannia species. | treatment failure and parasite drug susceptibility in dermal leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (viannia) species are poorly understood. prospective evaluation of drug susceptibility of strains isolated from individual patients before drug exposure and at clinical failure allows intrinsic and acquired differences in susceptibility to be discerned and analyzed. to determine whether intrinsic susceptibility or loss of susceptibility to miltefosine contributed to treatment failure, we evaluated the ... | 2014 | 24145529 |
| the effect of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-o--gallate in vitro and in vivo in leishmania braziliensis: involvement of reactive oxygen species as a mechanism of action. | leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease associated with extensive mortality and morbidity. the treatment for leishmaniasis is currently based on pentavalent antimonials and amphotericin b; however, these drugs result in numerous adverse side effects. natural compounds have been used as novel treatments for parasitic diseases. in this paper, we evaluated the effect of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-o-gallate (egcg) on leishmania braziliensis in vitro and in vivo and described the mechanism of egcg action ag ... | 2014 | 25144225 |
| leishmanicidal activity of synthetic chalcones in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the treatment of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) is based on a small group of compounds that were developed decades ago, all of which are highly toxic and have a high rate of treatment failure. the chalcones show leishmanicidal activity, yet few studies have evaluated this activity against leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, one of the most important species of leishmania across latin america. four new synthetic chalcones (1-4) were evaluated for inhibitory activity in vitro against promas ... | 2014 | 24269198 |
| human classical monocytes control the intracellular stage of leishmania braziliensis by reactive oxygen species. | leishmania braziliensis are intracellular parasites that cause unique clinical forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis. previous studies with other leishmania species demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ros) control promastigotes, the infective stage of the parasite, but not the amastigote form that exists in the mammalian host. here we show that ros inhibits growth of l. braziliensis amastigotes in resting monocytes, and that classical monocytes are primarily responsible for this control. ros, ... | 2014 | 24403561 |
| reduced antimony accumulation in arm58-overexpressing leishmania infantum. | antimony-based drugs are still the mainstay of chemotherapy against leishmania infections in many countries where the parasites are endemic. the efficacy of antimonials has been compromised by increasing numbers of resistant infections, the basis of which is not fully understood and likely involves multiple factors. by using a functional cloning strategy, we recently identified a novel antimony resistance marker, arm58, from the parasite leishmania braziliensis that protects the parasites agains ... | 2014 | 24366738 |
| intermediate cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis successfully treated with fluconazole. | american cutaneous leishmaniasis is an endemic anthropozoonosis that exhibits a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. intermediate/borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis is a distinct clinical condition that comprises cutaneous disease of a chronic nature, usually occurring as multiple lesions with or without mucosal involvement. the disease is usually caused by parasites of the subgenus viannia, frequently occurs in context of an underlying disease, and is often resistant to standa ... | 2014 | 24985142 |
| s-nitrosoglutathione (gsno) is cytotoxic to intracellular amastigotes and promotes healing of topically treated leishmania major or leishmania braziliensis skin lesions-authors' response. | 2014 | 24948707 | |
| mapping b-cell epitopes for the peroxidoxin of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and its potential for the clinical diagnosis of tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis. | the search toward the establishment of novel serological tests for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and proper differential diagnosis may represent one alternative to the invasive parasitological methods currently used to identify infected individuals. in the present work, we investigated the potential use of recombinant peroxidoxin (rperoxidoxin) of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis as a potential antigen for the immunodiagnosis of human tegumentary (tl) and visceral leishmaniasis (vl) and canine ... | 2014 | 24921246 |
| essential role of leukotriene b4 on leishmania (viannia) braziliensis killing by human macrophages. | although leishmania (viannia) braziliensis is the most prevalent species that cause american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl), the immune response against this parasite has been poorly investigated. upon activation, macrophages produce a series of pro-inflammatory molecules, including the lipid mediator leukotriene b4 (ltb4). ltb4 has been shown to enhance several macrophage functions, but its role in human macrophages is less known. here, we investigated the role of ltb4 on human monocyte-derive ... | 2014 | 25195516 |
| functional analysis of cytosolic tryparedoxin peroxidase in antimony-resistant and -susceptible leishmania braziliensis and leishmania infantum lines. | tryparedoxin peroxidase (txnpx) participates in defence against oxidative stress as an antioxidant by metabolizing hydrogen peroxide into water molecules. reports suggest that drug-resistant parasites may increase the levels of txnpx and other enzymes, thereby protecting them against oxidative stress. | 2014 | 25174795 |