Publications

phylogenetic and structural analysis of polyketide synthases in aspergilli.	polyketide synthases (pkss) of aspergillus species are multidomain and multifunctional megaenzymes that play an important role in the synthesis of diverse polyketide compounds. putative pks protein sequences from aspergillus species representing medically, agriculturally, and industrially important aspergillus species were chosen and screened for in silico studies. six candidate aspergillus species, aspergillus fumigatus af293, aspergillus flavus nrrl3357, aspergillus niger cbs 513.88, aspergill ...	2016	27199544
co-metabolic degradation of β-cypermethrin and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid by co-culture of bacillus licheniformis b-1 and aspergillus oryzae m-4.	the degradation efficiency of organic contaminants and their associated metabolites by co-culture of microbes is mainly limited by toxic intermediates from co-metabolic degradation. in this study, we investigated the degradation of β-cypermethrin (β-cy) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-pba) by co-culture of bacillus licheniformis b-1 and aspergillus oryzae m-4, as well as the influences of β-cy and 3-pba metabolites on their degradation and the growth of strains b-1 and m-4. our results indicated th ...	2016	27898684
structural and catalytic properties of s1 nuclease from aspergillus oryzae responsible for substrate recognition, cleavage, non-specificity, and inhibition.	the single-strand-specific s1 nuclease from aspergillus oryzae is an archetypal enzyme of the s1-p1 family of nucleases with a widespread use for biochemical analyses of nucleic acids. we present the first x-ray structure of this nuclease along with a thorough analysis of the reaction and inhibition mechanisms and of its properties responsible for identification and binding of ligands. seven structures of s1 nuclease, six of which are complexes with products and inhibitors, and characterization ...	2016	28036383
transformation of litchi pericarp-derived condensed tannin with aspergillus awamori.	condensed tannin is a ubiquitous polyphenol in plants that possesses substantial antioxidant capacity. in this study, we have investigated the polyphenol extraction recovery and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) scavenging activity of the extracted polyphenol after litchi pericarp is treated with aspergillus awamori, aspergillus sojae or aspergillus oryzae. we have further explored the activity of a. awamori in the formation of condensed tannin. the treatment of a. awamori appeared to produce ...	2016	27420043
biohydrogen production in the suspended and attached microbial growth systems from waste pastry hydrolysate.	waste pastry was hydrolyzed by glucoamylase and protease which were obtained from solid state fermentation of aspergillus awamori and aspergillus oryzae to produce waste pastry hydrolysate. then, the effects of hydraulic retention times (hrts) (4-12h) on hydrogen production rate (hpr) in the suspended microbial growth system (continuous stirred tank reactor, cstr) and attached microbial growth system (continuous mixed immobilized sludge reactor, cmisr) from waste pastry hydrolysate were investig ...	2016	27416509
valorization of bakery waste for biocolorant and enzyme production by monascus purpureus.	a concept of utilizing bakery waste as a nutrient source for the fermentative production of bio-colorant by monasucus purpureus has been developed. the proposed ideas provide an innovative approach to establish a system or method to reduce the bakery waste problem encountered by hong kong or other countries. bakery waste collected from bakery store was used in submerged and solid-state fermentation of monascus purpureus to produce bio-colorant, which could potentially be applied in food and text ...	2016	27208753
continuous biohydrogen production from waste bread by anaerobic sludge.	in this study, continuous biohydrogen production from waste bread by anaerobic sludge was performed. the waste bread was first hydrolyzed by the crude enzymes which were generated by aspergillus awamori and aspergillus oryzae via solid-state fermentation. it was observed that 49.78g/l glucose and 284.12mg/l free amino nitrogen could be produced with waste bread mass ratio of 15% (w/v). the waste bread hydrolysate was then used for biohydrogen production by anaerobic sludge in a continuous stirre ...	2016	27065225
the construction and use of versatile binary vectors carrying pyrg auxotrophic marker and fluorescent reporter genes for agrobacterium-mediated transformation of aspergillus oryzae.	aspergillus oryzae is a safe mold widely used in food industry. it is also considered as a microbial cell factory for production of recombinant proteins and enzymes. currently, genetic manipulation of filamentous fungi is achieved via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation methods usually employing antibiotic resistance markers. these methods are hardly usable for a. oryzae due to its strong resistance to the common antifungal compounds used for fungal transformation. in this study, w ...	2016	27804102
deletion of afpab1 causes increased sensitivity to oxidative stress and hypovirulence in aspergillus fumigatus.	aspergillus fumigatus afpab1 is the ortholog of the aspergillus oryzae cytoplasmic messenger ribonucleoprotein granules aopab1 that function to depress the initiation of translation during stress. a. fumigatus can regulate its cellular physiology in response to environmental stresses, but there has been no research on pab1 in a. fumigatus. the associated gene afpab1 was replaced with a hygromycin-selectable marker to generate the strain δafpab1. phenotypic analysis showed that the δafpab1 grew m ...	2016	27801871
ruta montana l. leaf essential oil and extracts: characterization of bioactive compounds and suppression of crown gall disease.	the aims of this study were to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of the leaf essential oil and the leaf extracts of r. montana against botrytis cinerea, fusarium oxysporum, verticillium dahliae, aspergillus oryzae and fusarium solani. the oil (1.000 µg/disk) and the extracts (1.500 µg/disk) revealed a remarkable antifungal effect against the tested plant pathogenic fungi with a radial growth inhibition percentage of 40.0-80.0 % and 5.0-58.0 %, respectively along with their respective mic values ...	2015	26417353
nicotine-degrading microorganisms and their potential applications.	nicotine-degrading microorganisms (ndms) are a special microbial group which can use nicotine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source for growth. since the 1950s, the bioconversion of nicotine by microbes has received increasing attention, and several ndms have been identified, such as arthrobacter nicotinovorans, microsporum gypseum, pellicularia filamentosa jts-208, and pseudomonas sp. 41. in recent years, increasing numbers of ndms have been isolated and identified from tobacco plantation soil ...	2015	25805341
structural basis for the formation of acylalkylpyrones from two β-ketoacyl units by the fungal type iii polyketide synthase csyb.	the acylalkylpyrone synthase csyb from aspergillus oryzae catalyzes the one-pot formation of the 3-acyl-4-hydroxy-6-alkyl-α-pyrone scaffold from acetoacetyl-coa, fatty acyl-coa, and malonyl-coa. this is the first type iii polyketide synthase that performs not only the polyketide chain elongation but also the condensation of two β-ketoacyl units. the crystal structures of wild-type csyb and its i375f and i375w mutants were solved at 1.7-, 2.3-, and 2.0-å resolutions, respectively. the crystal str ...	2015	25564614
dietary supplementation with bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and aspergillus oryzae enhance immunity and disease resistance against aeromonas hydrophila and streptococcus iniae infection in juvenile tilapia oreochromis niloticus.	a feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary administration of probiotic with bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth, innate immune response, hemato-immunological parameters and disease resistance of nile tilapia, oreochromis niloticus. animals were distributed in three equal groups, each of five replicates and received one of the following experimental diets for four weeks: control, non-supplemented diet; 5 g kg(-1) probiotic mixture ...	2015	25530581
valorisation of mixed bakery waste in non-sterilized fermentation for l-lactic acid production by an evolved thermoanaerobacterium sp. strain.	in this study, an advanced biorefinery technology that uses mixed bakery waste has been developed to produce l-lactic acid using an adaptively evolved thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense la1002-g40 in a non-sterilized system. under these conditions, mixed bakery waste was directly hydrolysed by aspergillus awamori and aspergillus oryzae, resulting in a nutrient-rich hydrolysate containing 83.6g/l glucose, 9.5 g/l fructose and 612 mg/l free amino nitrogen. t. aotearoense la1002-g40 was evaluated an ...	2015	26363501
batch dark fermentation from enzymatic hydrolyzed food waste for hydrogen production.	a combination bioprocess of solid-state fermentation (ssf) and dark fermentative hydrogen production from food waste was developed. aspergillus awamori and aspergillus oryzae were utilized in ssf from food waste to generate glucoamylase and protease which were used to hydrolyze the food waste suspension to get the nutrients-rich (glucose and free amino nitrogen (fan)) hydrolysate. both glucose and fan increased with increasing of food waste mass ratio from 4% to 10% (w/v) and the highest glucose ...	2015	25978853
immobilization, regiospecificity characterization and application of aspergillus oryzae lipase in the enzymatic synthesis of the structured lipid 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol.	the enzymatic synthesis of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (opo), one of the main components of human milk fats, has been hindered by the relatively high cost of sn-1,3-specific lipases and the deficiency in biocatalyst stability. the sn-1,3-specific lipase from aspergillus oryzae (aol) is highly and efficiently immobilized with the polystyrene-based hydrophobic resin d3520, with a significant 49.54-fold increase in specific lipase activity compared with the aol powder in catalyzing the synthes ...	2015	26218640
entry inhibition of influenza viruses with high mannose binding lectin esa-2 from the red alga eucheuma serra through the recognition of viral hemagglutinin.	lectin sensitivity of the recent pandemic influenza a virus (h1n1-2009) was screened for 12 lectins with various carbohydrate specificity by a neutral red dye uptake assay with mdck cells. among them, a high mannose (hm)-binding anti-hiv lectin, esa-2 from the red alga eucheuma serra, showed the highest inhibition against infection with an ec50 of 12.4 nm. moreover, esa-2 exhibited a wide range of antiviral spectrum against various influenza strains with ec50s of pico molar to low nanomolar leve ...	2015	26035023
[isolation and study on the aflatoxin genes of aflatoxin-producing fungi in paprika samples in chengdu].	to isolate aflatoxin-producing strains from paprika samples and to do a preliminarily study on the relationship between aflatoxin-producing ability and the genes aflr, omt-1 and ver-1.	2015	26619535
distinguishing the dominant species of pathogen in maxillary sinusitis by sequencing dna dataset analysis.	this study determined the microbial composition in maxillary sinusitis and determined the predominant fungal and bacterial species. samples were obtained from 11 patients with fungal sinusitis and 2 healthy patients. the 13 samples were sequenced using an illumina hi-seq 2000, and mapping to the human, bacterial, and the fungal genomes were based on several steps. bioinformatics and statistical analyses were then performed for bacterial and fungal expressions in the samples. all samples were cul ...	2015	25724392
high sequence variations in the region containing genes encoding a cellular morphogenesis protein and the repressor of sexual development help to reveal origins of aspergillus oryzae.	aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus flavus are closely related fungal species. the a. flavus morphotype that produces numerous small sclerotia (s strain) and aflatoxin has a unique 1.5 kb deletion in the norb-cypa region of the aflatoxin gene cluster (i.e. the s genotype). phylogenetic studies have indicated that an isolate of the nonaflatoxigenic a. flavus with the s genotype is the ancestor of a. oryzae. genome sequence comparison between a. flavus nrrl3357, which produces large sclerotia (l st ...	2015	25689355
the mycobiota of air inside and outside the meju fermentation room and the origin of meju fungi.	the fungi on meju are known to play an important role as degrader of macromolecule of soybeans. in order to elucidate the origin of fungi on traditional meju, mycobiota of the air both inside and outside traditional meju fermentation rooms was examined. from 11 samples of air collected from inside and outside of 7 meju fermentation rooms, 37 genera and 90 species of fungi were identified. in outside air of the fermentation room, cladosporium sp. and cladosporium cladosporioides were the dominant ...	2015	26539041
production and characterization of two major aspergillus oryzae secreted prolyl endopeptidases able to efficiently digest proline-rich peptides of gliadin.	prolyl endopeptidases are key enzymes in the digestion of proline-rich proteins. fungal extracts rich in prolyl endopeptidases produced by a species such as aspergillus oryzae used in food fermentation would be of particular interest for the development of an oral enzyme therapy product in patients affected by intolerance to gluten. two major a. oryzae secreted prolyl endopeptidases of the merops s28 peptidase family, aos28a and aos28b, were identified when this fungus was grown at acidic ph in ...	2015	26464108
genome mining for sesterterpenes using bifunctional terpene synthases reveals a unified intermediate of di/sesterterpenes.	genome mining is a promising method to discover novel secondary metabolites in the postgenomic era. we applied the aspergillus oryzae heterologous expression system to functionally characterize cryptic bifunctional terpene synthase genes found in fungal genomes and identified the sesterfisherol synthase gene (nfss) from neosartorya fischeri. sesterfisherol contains a characteristic 5-6-8-5 tetracyclic ring system and is modified by cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (nfp450) to sesterfisheric acid. t ...	2015	26332841
soil fungi for mycoremediation of arsenic pollution in agriculture soils.	soil arsenic (as) contamination of food-chains and public health can be mitigated through fungal bioremediation. to enumerate culturable soil fungi, soils were collected from the as-contaminated paddy fields (3-35 mg kg(-1) ) of the middle indo-gangetic plains.	2015	26348882
insecticidal activity of ethyl acetate extracts from culture filtrates of mangrove fungal endophytes.	in the search for novel potent fungi-derived bioactive compounds for bioinsecticide applications, crude ethyl acetate culture filtrate extracts from 110 mangrove fungal endophytes were screened for their toxicity. toxicity tests of all extracts against brine shrimp (artemia salina) larvae were performed. the extracts with the highest toxicity were further examined for insecticidal activity against spodoptera litura larvae and acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibition activity. the results showed th ...	2015	26190921
construction of a shuttle vector for heterologous expression of a novel fungal α-amylase gene in aspergillus oryzae.	the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae is a well-known expression host used to express homologous and heterologous proteins in a number of industrial applications. to facilitate higher yields of proteins of interest, we constructed the pasop vector to express heterologous proteins in a. oryzae. pasop carries a selectable marker, pyrg, derived from aspergillus nidulans, and a strong promoter and a terminator of the amyb gene derived from a. oryzae. pasop transformed a. oryzae efficiently via t ...	2015	25674804
increased production of free fatty acids in aspergillus oryzae by disruption of a predicted acyl-coa synthetase gene.	fatty acids are attractive molecules as source materials for the production of biodiesel fuel. previously, we attained a 2.4-fold increase in fatty acid production by increasing the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes in aspergillus oryzae. in this study, we achieved an additional increase in the production of fatty acids by disrupting a predicted acyl-coa synthetase gene in a. oryzae. the a. oryzae genome is predicted to encode six acyl-coa synthetase genes and disruption of ao0900 ...	2015	25564035
mechanistic aspects of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles against food- and water-borne microbes.	in the present study, silver nanoparticles (agnps) synthesized from aqueous leaves extract of malva crispa and their mode of interaction with food- and water-borne microbes were investigated. formation of agnps was conformed through uv-vis, fe-sem, eds, afm, and hr-tem analyses. further the concentration of silver (ag) in the reaction mixture was conformed through icp-ms analysis. different concentration of nanoparticles (1-3 mm) tested to know the inhibitory effect of bacterial pathogens such a ...	2015	26178241
the cell factory aspergillus enters the big data era: opportunities and challenges for optimising product formation.	living with limits. getting more from less. producing commodities and high-value products from renewable resources including waste. what is the driving force and quintessence of bioeconomy outlines the lifestyle and product portfolio of aspergillus, a saprophytic genus, to which some of the top-performing microbial cell factories belong: aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus terreus. what makes them so interesting for exploitation in biotechnology and how can they help us to addr ...	2015	25616499
ethanol and protein from ethanol plant by-products using edible fungi neurospora intermedia and aspergillus oryzae.	feasible biorefineries for production of second-generation ethanol are difficult to establish due to the process complexity. an alternative is to partially include the process in the first-generation plants. whole stillage, a by-product from dry-mill ethanol processes from grains, is mostly composed of undegraded bran and lignocelluloses can be used as a potential substrate for production of ethanol and feed proteins. ethanol production and the proteins from the stillage were investigated using ...	2015	26682213
preventive effects of fermented brown rice and rice bran against n-nitrosobis (2-oxopropyl) amine-induced pancreatic tumorigenesis in male hamsters.	fermented brown rice by aspergillus oryzae (fbra) is known to have the potential to prevent chemical carcinogenesis of the colon, liver, esophagus, urinary bladder, stomach and lungs in rodents. the present study examined the possible chemopreventive effects of fbra on n-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine (bop)-induced pancreatic tumorigenesis in hamsters. five-week-old male syrian golden hamsters were divided into seven groups. groups 1-5 were subcutaneously injected with bop (10 mg/kg body weight) f ...	2015	26788138
lignin degradation in corn stalk by combined method of h2o2 hydrolysis and aspergillus oryzae cgmcc5992 liquid-state fermentation.	lignin peroxidase (lip) is the primary enzyme responsible for lignin degradation. in our previous work, in order to shorten the pretreatment time and increase the lignin degradation, we have pretreated the corn stalk (cs) using a combination of aspergillus oryzae cgmcc 5992 solid-state fermentation and h2o2 treatment.	2015	26594239
lactose hydrolysis in milk and dairy whey using microbial β-galactosidases.	this work aimed at evaluating the influence of enzyme concentration, temperature, and reaction time in the lactose hydrolysis process in milk, cheese whey, and whey permeate, using two commercial β-galactosidases of microbial origins. we used aspergillus oryzae (at temperatures of 10 and 55°c) and kluyveromyces lactis (at temperatures of 10 and 37°c) β-galactosidases, both in 3, 6, and 9 u/ml concentrations. in the temperature of 10°c, the k. lactis β-galactosidase enzyme is more efficient in th ...	2015	26587283
deciphering the signaling mechanisms of the plant cell wall degradation machinery in aspergillus oryzae.	the gene expression and secretion of fungal lignocellulolytic enzymes are tightly controlled at the transcription level using independent mechanisms to respond to distinct inducers from plant biomass. an advanced systems-level understanding of transcriptional regulatory networks is required to rationally engineer filamentous fungi for more efficient bioconversion of different types of biomass.	2015	26573537
[novel type iii polyketide synthase csyb from aspergillus oryzae].		2015	26571621
effect of canavalia gladiata extract fermented with aspergillus oryzae on the development of atopic dermatitis in nc/nga mice.	canavalia gladiata has been used as a chinese traditional folk medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties. however, the use of c. gladiata is limited because it contains antinutritional and allergy-causing proteins. we fermented c. gladiata with aspergillus oryzae and investigated the effects of fermented c. gladiata (fcg) on the development of atopic dermatitis (ad) in mice. the mice were divided into five groups: untreated balb/c mice; ad control (nc/nga mice); fcgh (nc/nga mice fed a dieta ...	2015	26613583
towards effective and stable probiotics.	probiotics are live microorganisms, generally either lactobacilli or bifidobacteria, which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host [1]. due to the growing evidence of health benefits associated with their use, probiotics are of increasing interest and represent now a significant growth area in the functional foods industry [2]. however, to be effective, orally administered probiotics should survive preparation of dosage forms and passage through acidic environme ...	2015	26639716
antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract and fractions of doenjang in lps-stimulated raw 264.7 macrophages.	fermentation can increase functional compounds in fermented soybean products, thereby improving antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory activities. we investigated the changes in the contents of phenolics and isoflavones, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory activity of doenjang during fermentation and aging.	2015	26634044
fermented brown rice and rice bran with aspergillus oryzae (fbra) prevents inflammation-related carcinogenesis in mice, through inhibition of inflammatory cell infiltration.	we have established an inflammation-related carcinogenesis model in mouse, in which regressive qr-32 cells subcutaneously co-implanted with a foreign body-gelatin sponge-convert themselves into lethal tumors due to massive infiltration of inflammatory cells into the sponge. animals were fed with a diet containing 5% or 10% fermented brown rice and rice bran with aspergillus oryzae (fbra). in 5% and 10% fbra diet groups, tumor incidences were lower (35% and 20%, respectively) than in the non-trea ...	2015	26670250
flavourzyme, an enzyme preparation with industrial relevance: automated nine-step purification and partial characterization of eight enzymes.	flavourzyme is sold as a peptidase preparation from aspergillus oryzae. the enzyme preparation is widely and diversely used for protein hydrolysis in industrial and research applications. however, detailed information about the composition of this mixture is still missing due to the complexity. the present study identified eight key enzymes by mass spectrometry and partially by activity staining on native polyacrylamide gels or gel zymography. the eight enzymes identified were two aminopeptidase ...	2015	25996918
biochemical evaluation of xylanases from various filamentous fungi and their application for the deinking of ozone treated newspaper pulp.	filamentous fungi, aspergillus oryzae mdu-4 was biochemically selected among different species of aspergillus and trichoderma, for xylanase production. the enzyme activity and specific activity of partially purified xylanase from a. oryzae mdu-4 was 7452 iu/ml and 13,549 iu/g, respectively. temperature and ph optima for xylanase were found to be 60°c and 6.0, respectively. the reaction kinetics of xylanase was found to be km (3.33 mg/ml) and vmax (18,182 μmol/mg). the implementation of ozone tre ...	2015	25965456
effects of dietary cellulase and xylanase addition on digestion, rumen fermentation and methane emission in growing goats.	the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementation of cellulase and xylanase to diets of growing goats to improve nutrient digestibility, utilisation of energy and mitigation of enteric methane emissions. the experiment was conducted in a 5 × 5 latin square design using five goats with permanent rumen fistulae and five treatments consisted of two levels of cellulase crossed over with two levels of xylanase plus unsupplemented control. the cellulase (243 u/g) derived ...	2015	25963843
a multi-criteria analysis approach for ranking and selection of microorganisms for the production of oils for biodiesel production.	oleaginous microorganisms have potential to be used to produce oils as alternative feedstock for biodiesel production. microalgae (chlorella protothecoides and chlorella zofingiensis), yeasts (cryptococcus albidus and rhodotorula mucilaginosa), and fungi (aspergillus oryzae and mucor plumbeus) were investigated for their ability to produce oil from glucose, xylose and glycerol. multi-criteria analysis (mca) using analytic hierarchy process (ahp) and preference ranking organization method for the ...	2015	25958151
transcriptome and proteome expression analysis of the metabolism of amino acids by the fungus aspergillus oryzae in fermented soy sauce.	amino acids comprise the majority of the flavor compounds in soy sauce. a portion of these amino acids are formed from the biosynthesis and metabolism of the fungus aspergillus oryzae; however, the metabolic pathways leading to the formation of these amino acids in a. oryzae remain largely unknown. we sequenced the transcriptomes of a. oryzae 100-8 and a. oryzae 3.042 under similar soy sauce fermentation conditions. 2d gel electrophoresis was also used to find some differences in protein express ...	2015	25945335
improvement of omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid production by marine dinoflagellate crypthecodinium cohnii using rapeseed meal hydrolysate and waste molasses as feedstock.	rapeseed meal and waste molasses are two important agro-industrial by-products which are produced in large quantities. in this study, solid state fermentation and fungal autolysis were performed to produce rapeseed meal hydrolysate (rmh) using fungal strains of aspergillus oryzae, penicillium oxalicum and neurospora crassa. the hydrolysate was used as fermentation feedstock for heterotrophic growth of microalga crypthecodinium cohnii that produce docosahexaenoic acid (dha). the addition of waste ...	2015	25942565
purification and enzymatic characterization of secretory glycoside hydrolase family 3 (gh3) aryl β-glucosidases screened from aspergillus oryzae genome.	by a global search of the genome database of aspergillus oryzae, we found 23 genes encoding putative β-glucosidases, among which 10 genes with a signal peptide belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 3 (gh3) were overexpressed in a. oryzae using the improved glaa gene promoter. consequently, crude enzyme preparations from three strains, each harboring the genes ao090038000223 (bgla), ao090103000127 (bglf), and ao090003001511 (bglj), showed a substrate preference toward p-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyr ...	2015	25936960
repeated-batch operation for the synthesis of lactulose with β-galactosidase immobilized by aggregation and crosslinking.	synthesis of lactulose under repeated-batch operation was done with cross-linked aggregates of aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase (clags). the effect of the crosslinking agent to enzyme mass ratio and cross-linking time were first evaluated. best results were obtained at 5.5gdeglutaraldehyde/g enzyme at 5h of cross-linking, obtaining a specific activity of 15,000iug(-1), with 30% immobilization yield. clag was more stable than the free enzyme under non-reactive conditions with a half-life of 123 ...	2015	25935392
a fungal biofilm reactor based on metal structured packing improves the quality of a gla::gfp fusion protein produced by aspergillus oryzae.	fungal biofilm is known to promote the excretion of secondary metabolites in accordance with solid-state-related physiological mechanisms. this work is based on the comparative analysis of classical submerged fermentation with a fungal biofilm reactor for the production of a gla::green fluorescent protein (gfp) fusion protein by aspergillus oryzae. the biofilm reactor comprises a metal structured packing allowing the attachment of the fungal biomass. since the production of the target protein is ...	2015	25935344
effect of adding cofactors to exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on preingestive hydrolysis, in vitro digestibility, and fermentation of bermudagrass haylage.	our objectives were to examine if adding metal ion cofactors (cof) to exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (efe) would increase the beneficial effects of the efe on the preingestive hydrolysis and in vitro digestibility and fermentation of bermudagrass haylage. in experiment 1, 5 cof (mn(2+), co(2+), fe(2+), ca(2+), and mg(2+)) were screened to select the best candidates for synergistically enhancing release of water-soluble carbohydrates (wsc) from bermudagrass haylage by 5 efe. the 5 efe (1a, 2a, 11c, ...	2015	25935239
molecular characterization of a penicillium chrysogenum exo-rhamnogalacturonan lyase that is structurally distinct from other polysaccharide lyase family proteins.	we previously described an endo-acting rhamnogalacturonan (rg) lyase, termed pcrgl4a, of penicillium chrysogenum 31b. here, we describe a second rg lyase, called pcrglx. we determined the cdna sequence of the pcrglx gene, which encodes pcrglx. based on analyses using a blast search and a conserved domain search, pcrglx was found to be structurally distinct from known rg lyases and might belong to a new polysaccharide lyase family together with uncharacterized fungal proteins of nectria haematoco ...	2015	25921806
hybrid de novo genome assembly using miseq and solid short read data.	a hybrid de novo assembly pipeline was constructed to utilize both miseq and solid short read data in combination in the assembly. the short read data were converted to a standard format of the pipeline, and were supplied to the pipeline components such as abyss and soapdenovo. the assembly pipeline proceeded through several stages, and either miseq paired-end data, solid mate-paired data, or both of them could be specified as input data at each stage separately. the pipeline was examined on the ...	2015	25919614
signal peptide optimization tool for the secretion of recombinant protein from saccharomyces cerevisiae.	the secretion efficiency of foreign proteins in recombinant microbes is strongly dependent on the combination of the signal peptides (sps) used and the target proteins; therefore, identifying the optimal sp sequence for each target protein is a crucial step in maximizing the efficiency of protein secretion in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. in this study, we developed a novel method, named the sp optimization tool (spot), for the generation and rapid screening of a library of sp-target gene fus ...	2015	25912446
galacto configured n-aminoaziridines: a new type of irreversible inhibitor of β-galactosidases.	a new type of galactose mimetics has been synthesized following a straightforward synthetic approach based on cyclohexene olefin aziridination reactions directed by hydroxyl substituents. these enantiomerically pure galacto-configured n-aminoaziridines are potent irreversible inhibitors of aspergillus oryzae and escherichia coliβ-galactosidases.	2015	25895752
survey of protein-dna interactions in aspergillus oryzae on a genomic scale.	the genome-scale delineation of in vivo protein-dna interactions is key to understanding genome function. only ∼5% of transcription factors (tfs) in the aspergillus genus have been identified using traditional methods. although the aspergillus oryzae genome contains >600 tfs, knowledge of the in vivo genome-wide tf-binding sites (tfbss) in aspergilli remains limited because of the lack of high-quality antibodies. we investigated the landscape of in vivo protein-dna interactions across the a. ory ...	2015	25883143
γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) production and angiotensin-i converting enzyme (ace) inhibitory activity of fermented soybean containing sea tangle by the co-culture of lactobacillus brevis with aspergillus oryzae.	to enhance the γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) content, the optimized fermentation of soybean with added sea tangle extract was evaluated at 30°c and ph 5.0. the medium was first inoculated with aspergillus oryzae strain fmb s46471 and fermented for 3 days, followed by the subsequent inoculation with lactobacillus brevis gaba 100. after fermentation for 7 days, the fermented soybean showed approximately 1.9 g/kg gaba and exhibited higher ace inhibitory activity than the traditional soybean product. f ...	2015	25876604
anti-oxidant and anti-adipogenic effects of ethanol extracts from wheat germ and wheat germ fermented with aspergillus oryzae.	most of the wheat germ in cereal grains is removed during the milling process. various physiological effects have been reported for bioactive substances in wheat germ such as phenolic acids and flavonoids. in this study, the anti-oxidant and anti-adipogenic effects of ethanol extracts from wheat germ (wge) and wheat germ fermented with aspergillus oryzae (f-wge) were investigated in hepg2 and 3t3-l1 cells. the anti-oxidant activity of f-wge was demonstrated by a dose-dependent increase in the en ...	2015	25866747
reconstitution of biosynthetic machinery for the synthesis of the highly elaborated indole diterpene penitrem.	penitrem a is one of the most elaborated members of the fungal indole diterpenes. two separate penitrem gene clusters were identified using genomic and rna sequencing data, and 13 out of 17 transformations in the penitrem biosynthesis were elucidated by heterologous reconstitution of the relevant genes. these reactions involve 1) a prenylation-initiated cationic cyclization to install the bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane skeleton (ptme), 2) a two-step p450-catalyzed oxidative processes forming the unique t ...	2015	25831977
study of the mechanisms of a japanese traditional fermented medicine in the improvement of constipation.	gut working tablet (gwt) is a japanese traditional fermented medicine based on aspergillus oryzae nk-fermented grain germ. although gwt has been used by patients with constipation, the mechanism has not been investigated. the aim of this study was to examine the possible mechanisms of the effect of gwt on constipation.	2015	25827805
effect of neohesperidin dihydrochalcone on the activity and stability of alpha-amylase: a comparative study on bacterial, fungal, and mammalian enzymes.	neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (nhdc) was recently introduced as an activator of mammalian alpha-amylase. in the current study, the effect of nhdc has been investigated on bacterial and fungal alpha-amylases. enzyme assays and kinetic analysis demonstrated the capability of nhdc to significantly activate both tested alpha-amylases. the ligand activation pattern was found to be more similar between the fungal and mammalian enzyme in comparison with the bacterial one. further, thermostability exper ...	2015	25808616
aspergillus oryzae pathways that convert phenylalanine into the flavor volatile 2-phenylethanol.	the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae rib40 produced 2-phenylethanol (pe) when cultured in minimum medium containing l-phenylalanine as a sole source of nitrogen. the fungus accumulated less pe in the absence of l-phenylalanine, indicating that it converted l-phenylalanine to pe. the pe production associated with fungal glucose consumption was repressed by exogenous ammonium, indicating that nitrogen-metabolite repression controls the pathway that produces pe. we identified the a. oryzae ppd ...	2015	25797315
effective saccharification of kraft pulp by using a cellulase cocktail prepared from genetically engineered aspergillus oryzae.	kraft pulp is a promising feedstock for bioproduction. the efficiency of kraft pulp saccharification was improved by using a cellulase cocktail prepared from genetically engineered aspergillus oryzae. application of the cellulase cocktail was demonstrated by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, using kraft pulp and non-cellulolytic yeast. such application would make possible to do an efficient production of other chemicals from kraft pulp.	2015	25783466
effect of different soybean meal type on ileal digestibility of amino acid in weaning pigs.	an experiment was conducted to evaluate apparent (aid) and standardized (sid) ileal digestibilities of crude protein (cp) and amino acids (aa) with 6 soybean products in weaning pigs. a total of 14 weaning barrows with an initial body weight of 6.54 ± 0.34 kg were fitted with t-cannula at the distal ileum and allotted to 7 diets containing various soybean products. the soybean products used in the experiment were conventional soybean meal (csbm), sbm fermented by aspergillus oryzae gb-107 (fsbma ...	2015	26290731
inhibition of melanogenesis by yeast extracts from cultivations of recombinant pichia pastoris catalyzing ortho-hydroxylation of flavonoids.	the inhibition of melanogenesis by yeast extracts from cultivations of recombinant pichia pastoris catalyzing ortho-hydroxylation of flavonoids was investigated. the recombinant yeast harbored a fusion gene composed of the cyp57b3 gene from aspergillus oryzae and a cytochrome reductase gene from saccharomyces cerevisiae. ten flavonoids belonging to flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavanols, and isoflavones were evaluated for biotransformation by the recombinant strain. the results showed that f ...	2015	26278529
soluble extract of soybean fermented with aspergillus oryzae gb107 inhibits fat accumulation in cultured 3t3-l1 adipocytes.	this study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented soybean (fs) extract on adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation using cultured 3t3-l1 adipocytes.	2015	26244085
cyclopiazonic acid biosynthesis gene cluster gene cpam is required for speradine a biosynthesis.	speradine a is a derivative of cyclopiazonic acid (cpa) found in culture of an aspergillus tamarii isolate. heterologous expression of a predicted methyltransferase gene, cpam, in the cpa biosynthesis gene cluster of a. tamarii resulted in the speradine a production in a 2-oxocpa producing a. oryzae strain, indicating cpam is involved in the speradine a biosynthesis.	2015	26207447
a new electrochemical substrate for rapid and sensitive in vivo monitoring of β-galactosidase gene expressions.	a 4-methoxyphenyl-β-galactopyranoside (4-mpgal) substrate incorporating 4-methoxy phenol (4-mp) as an electrochemical reporter is described for the monitoring of β-galactosidase (β-gal) gene expressions. β-gal derived from escherichia coli (e. coli) and aspergillus oryzae (a. oryzae) were investigated, while a graphene oxide film modified electrode was employed as the transducer. the electrochemical signal of 4-mpg within 4-mpgal was masked by protecting their hydroxyl group with galactose. the ...	2015	26192109
effect of novel starter culture on reduction of biogenic amines, quality improvement, and sensory properties of doenjang, a traditional korean soybean fermented sauce variety.	to select appropriate microorganisms as starter cultures for the reliable and reproducible fermentation of soybean fermented products of korean doenjang, various ratios of fungi (aspergillus oryzae j, mucor racemosus 15, m. racemosus 42) combined with bacillus subtilis tksp 24 were selected as either single, double, or multiple meju strains for commercial mass production of doenjang, followed by analysis of sensory characteristics. in the sensory evaluation, doenjang bam15-1 and bam42-1, which w ...	2015	26147854
growth, ruminal measurements, and health characteristics of holstein bull calves fed an aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract.	a fermentation extract of the fungus aspergillus oryzae can be used as a prebiotic. the objective was to determine if dietary inclusion of a fermentation extract of a. oryzae as well as calf age would alter growth, health, performance parameters, and the growth and development of the rumen in holstein calves from birth thru 1 wk postweaning; it was hypothesized that it would. purchased bull calves (n=52) that originated from 1 of 13 farms were used in this experiment. all calves had serum igg gr ...	2015	26142841
aspergillus associated with meju, a fermented soybean starting material for traditional soy sauce and soybean paste in korea.	aspergillus is an important fungal genus used for the fermentation of asian foods; this genus is referred to as koji mold in japan and china. a. oryzae, a. sojae, and a. tamari are used in the production of miso and shoyu in japan, but a comprehensive taxonomic study of aspergillus isolated from meju, a fermented soybean starting material for traditional soy sauce and soybean paste in korea, has not been conducted. in this study, various aspergillus species were isolated during a study of the my ...	2015	26539037
safety evaluation of amp deaminase from aspergillus oryzae.	adenosine-5'-monophosphate (amp) deaminase is an enzyme used to increase concentrations of 5'-inosine monophosphate in certain foods and beverages for flavoring purposes. one commercial source of this enzyme is aspergillus oryzae, a filamentous fungus with a history of safe use in asia as a fermentation organism used in the production of miso sauce and sake liquors. noting the use of the enzyme in food intended for human consumption and potential presence at trace levels in finished goods, a ser ...	2015	26559900
endocytosis of a maltose permease is induced when amylolytic enzyme production is repressed in aspergillus oryzae.	in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae, amylolytic enzyme production is induced by the presence of maltose. previously, we identified a putative maltose permease (malp) gene in the maltose-utilizing cluster of a. oryzae. malp disruption causes a significant decrease in α-amylase activity and maltose consumption, indicating that malp is a maltose transporter required for amylolytic enzyme production in a. oryzae. although the expression of amylase genes and malp is repressed by the presence ...	2015	26117687
water-soluble benzodiazepine prodrug/enzyme combinations for intranasal rescue therapies.	benzodiazepines (bzds), including diazepam (dzp) and midazolam (mdz), are drugs of choice for rapid treatment of seizure emergencies. current approved use of these drugs involves administration via either intravenous or rectal routes. the former requires trained medical personnel, while the latter is socially unacceptable for many patients and caregivers. in recent years, efforts have been made to formulate bzds for nasal administration. because of the low solubility of these molecules, organic ...	2015	26115606
synthesis and evaluation of galacto-noeurostegine and its 2-deoxy analogue as glycosidase inhibitors.	an epimer of the known glycosidase inhibitor noeurostegine, galacto-noeurostegine, was synthesised in 21 steps from levoglucosan and found to be a potent, competitive and highly selective galactosidase inhibitor of aspergillus oryzae β-galactosidase. galacto-noeurostegine was not found to be an inhibitor of green coffee bean α-galactosidase, yeast α-glucosidase and e. coli β-galactosidase, whereas potent but non-competitive inhibition against sweet almond β-glucosidase was established. the 2-deo ...	2015	26111992
cooperative role of calnexin and tiga in aspergillus oryzae glycoprotein folding.	calnexin (cnx), known as a lectin chaperone located in the endoplasmic reticulum (er), specifically recognizes g1m9gn2-proteins and facilitates their proper folding with the assistance of erp57 in mammalian cells. however, it has been left unidentified how cnx works in aspergillus oryzae, which is a filamentous fungus widely exploited in biotechnology. in this study, we found that a protein disulfide isomerase homolog tiga can bind with a. oryzae cnx (aocnx), which was revealed to specifically r ...	2015	26085184
simultaneous synthesis of mixtures of lactulose and galacto-oligosaccharides and their selective fermentation.	lactulose and galacto-oligosaccharides (gos) are well recognized prebiotics derived from lactose. in the synthesis of lactulose with β-galactosidases gos are also produced, but the ratio of lactulose and gos in the product can be tuned at will, depending on the operation conditions, so to obtain an optimal product distribution in terms of prebiotic potential. the selectivity of fermentation of each carbohydrate alone as well as mixtures of both was determined using ph-controlled anaerobic batch ...	2015	26080080
structure activity relationship study of burkholdine analogues toward simple antifungal agents.	cyclic and linear lipopeptides, burkholdine analogues, were synthesized by conventional fmoc-spps and cyclisation with dipc/hobt in the solution phase. synthesized peptides were evaluated for antifungal activities with mic values against saccharomyces cerevisiae and aspergillus oryzae. as a result, the stereochemistry of the amino acid residues and sequences of burkholdine analogues exerted a significant influence on antifungal activities. in addition, we found a linear burkholdine analogue with ...	2015	26077490
bioconversion of capsaicin by aspergillus oryzae.	this study identified metabolites of capsaicin bioconverted by aspergillus oryzae, which is generally used for mass production of gochujang prepared by fermenting red pepper powder in korea. a. oryzae was incubated with capsaicin in potato dextrose broth. capsaicin decreased depending on the incubation period, but new metabolites increased. five capsaicin metabolites purified from the ethyl acetate fraction of the capsaicin culture were identified as n-vanillylcarbamoylbutyric acid, n-vanillyl-9 ...	2015	26072923
functional analysis of aoatg11 in selective autophagy in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.	autophagy is a highly conserved cellular degradation process in eukaryotes and consists of both non-selective and selective types. selective autophagic processes include pexophagy, mitophagy, and the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (cvt) pathway of yeast, in which particular vacuolar proteins, such as aminopeptidase i (ape1), are selectively transported to vacuoles. although selective autophagy has been mainly studied in the yeasts saccharomyces cerevisiae and pichia pastoris, there is evidence f ...	2015	26058532
identification and enzymatic characterization of an endo-1,3-β-glucanase from euglena gracilis.	euglena produces paramylon as a storage polysaccharide, and is thought to require β-1,3-glucan degrading enzymes to release and utilize the accumulated carbohydrate. to investigate β-1,3-glucan degradation in euglena, endo-1,3-β-glucanases were partially purified from euglena gracilis by hydrophobic, gel filtration and anion-exchange chromatography. tryptic digests and mass-spectrometric analysis identified three proteins in the purified fraction as a member of glycoside hydrolase family (gh) 17 ...	2015	26028521
cell biology of the koji mold aspergillus oryzae.	koji mold, aspergillus oryzae, has been used for the production of sake, miso, and soy sauce for more than one thousand years in japan. due to the importance, a. oryzae has been designated as the national micro-organism of japan (koku-kin). a. oryzae has been intensively studied in the past century, with most investigations focusing on breeding techniques and developing methods for koji making for sake brewing. however, the understanding of fundamental biology of a. oryzae remains relatively lim ...	2015	25776568
product identification of non-reducing polyketide synthases with c-terminus methyltransferase domain from talaromyces stipitatus using aspergillus oryzae heterologous expression.	talaromyces stipitatus atcc 10500 possesses 17 non-reducing polyketide synthase (nr-pks) genes. during the course of our functional analysis of pks genes with a c-terminus methyltransferase domain from t. stipitatus, we expressed tspks2, tspks3 and tspks4 genes in the heterologous host aspergillus oryzae, respectively. although the tspks4 transformant gave no apparent product in hplc analysis, a novel azaphilone pentaketide (3) was identified along with two known related products from the tspks2 ...	2015	25770780
drimane sesquiterpenoids from the aspergillus oryzae qxpc-4.	three new drimane sesquiterpenoids, astellolides c-e (1-3, resp.), four new drimane sesquiterpenoid p-hydroxybenzoates, astellolides f-i (4-7, resp.), together with two known compounds astellolides a and b (8 and 9, resp.), have been isolated from the liquid culture of aspergillus oryzae (strain no. qxpc-4). their structures were established by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data. the relative and absolute configurations were determined on the basis of noesy and cd data, together with s ...	2015	25766910
modification of prenylated stilbenoids in peanut (arachis hypogaea) seedlings by the same fungi that elicited them: the fungus strikes back.	aspergillus oryzae and rhizopus oryzae were compared for inducing the production of prenylated stilbenoids in peanut seedlings. the fungus was applied at two different time points: directly after soaking (day 1) or after 2 days of germination (day 3). aspergillus- and rhizopus-elicited peanut seedlings accumulated an array of prenylated stilbenoids, with overlap in compounds induced, but also with compounds specific to the fungal treatment. the differences were confirmed to be due to modificatio ...	2015	26458982
unfolded protein response is required for aspergillus oryzae growth under conditions inducing secretory hydrolytic enzyme production.	unfolded protein response (upr) is an intracellular signaling pathway for adaptation to endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress. in yeast upr, ire1 cleaves the unconventional intron of hac1 mrna, and the functional hac1 protein translated from the spliced hac1 mrna induces the expression of er chaperone genes and er-associated degradation genes for the refolding or degradation of unfolded proteins. in this study, we constructed an irea (ire1 ortholog) conditionally expressing strain of aspergillus ory ...	2015	26496881
cyanidin and malvidin in aqueous extracts of black carrots fermented with aspergillus oryzae prevent the impairment of energy, lipid and glucose metabolism in estrogen-deficient rats by ampk activation.	black carrots (daucus carota l.) are rich in anthocyanins which contribute many health benefits, but are limited by bioavailability and instability when exposed to oxygen, heat and light. fermenting black carrots may improve the stability, absorption and bioactivity of its anthocyanins. here, we examined whether and by what mechanisms the long-term consumption of unfermented black carrot extract (bc) and its extracts fermented with lactobacillus plantarum (bclp) or aspergillus oryzae (bcao) migh ...	2015	25701199
regulating yeast flavor metabolism by controlling saccharification reaction rate in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of chinese maotai-flavor liquor.	maotai-flavor liquor is produced by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf), in which filamentous fungi produce hydrolases to degrade the starch into fermentable sugar. saccharomyces cerevisiae simultaneously transforms the sugars to ethanol and flavor compounds. the saccharification rate plays an important role in regulating the liquor yield and flavor profile. this work investigated the effect of saccharification rate on fermentation by regulating the inoculation ratio (1:0.1, 1:0 ...	2015	25676241
monitoring fungal growth on brown rice grains using rapid and non-destructive hyperspectral imaging.	this research aimed to develop a rapid, non-destructive, and accurate method based on hyperspectral imaging (hsi) for monitoring spoilage fungal growth on stored brown rice. brown rice was inoculated with a non-pathogenic strain of aspergillus oryzae and stored at 30 °c and 85% rh. growth of a. oryzae on rice was monitored using viable colony counts, expressed as colony forming units per gram (cfu/g). the fungal development was observed using scanning electron microscopy. the hsi system was used ...	2015	25662486
deep rna sequencing reveals a high frequency of alternative splicing events in the fungus trichoderma longibrachiatum.	alternative splicing is crucial for proteome diversity and functional complexity in higher organisms. however, the alternative splicing landscape in fungi is still elusive.	2015	25652134
computational study of β-n-acetylhexosaminidase from talaromyces flavus, a glycosidase with high substrate flexibility.	β-n-acetylhexosaminidase (gh20) from the filamentous fungus talaromyces flavus, previously identified as a prominent enzyme in the biosynthesis of modified glycosides, lacks a high resolution three-dimensional structure so far. despite of high sequence identity to previously reported aspergillus oryzae and penicilluim oxalicum β-n-acetylhexosaminidases, this enzyme tolerates significantly better substrate modification. understanding of key structural features, prediction of effective mutants and ...	2015	25627923
aspergillus oryzae s2 alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation: optimization of culture conditions.	aspergillus oryzae s2 was assayed for alpha-amylase production under solid state fermentation (ssf). in addition to amya and amyb already produced in monitored submerged culture, the strain was noted to produce new amyb oligomeric forms, in particular a dominant tetrameric form named amyc. the latter was purified to homogeneity through fractional acetone precipitation and size exclusion chromatography. sds-page and native page analyses revealed that, purified amyc was an approximately 172 kda te ...	2015	25617840
purification and characterization of a thermostable hypothetical xylanase from aspergillus oryzae hml366.	in the current study, fermentation broth of aspergillus oryzae hml366 in sugar cane bagasse was subjected to ultrafiltration and ion exchange chromatography, and two xylanases, xynh1 and xynh2, were purified. time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with sds-page analysis revealed that xynh1 is identical to the hypothetical a. oryzae rib40 protein xp_001826985.1, with a molecular weight of 33.671 kda. likewise, xynh2 was identified as xylanase xynf1 with a molecular weight of 35.402 kda. sequenc ...	2015	25604952
ionic interaction of positive amino acid residues of fungal hydrophobin rola with acidic amino acid residues of cutinase cutl1.	hydrophobins are amphipathic proteins secreted by filamentous fungi. when the industrial fungus aspergillus oryzae is grown in a liquid medium containing the polyester polybutylene succinate co-adipate (pbsa), it produces rola, a hydrophobin, and cutl1, a pbsa-degrading cutinase. secreted rola attaches to the surface of the pbsa particles and recruits cutl1, which then condenses on the particles and stimulates the hydrolysis of pbsa. here, we identified amino acid residues that are required for ...	2015	25588312
cloning and expression of a novel prolyl endopeptidase from aspergillus oryzae and its application in beer stabilization.	a novel prolyl endopeptidase gene from aspergillus oryzae was cloned and expressed in pichia pastoris. amino acid sequence analysis of the prolyl endopeptidase from aspergillus oryzae (ao-pep) showed that this enzyme belongs to a class serine peptide s28 family. expression, purification and characterization of ao-pep were analyzed. the optimum ph and temperature were ph 5.0 and 40 °c, respectively. the enzyme was activated and stabilized by metal ion ca(2+) and inhibited by zn(2+), mn(2+), al(3+ ...	2015	25547787
change in enzyme production by gradually drying culture substrate during solid-state fermentation.	the influence of drying the culture substrate during solid-state fermentation on enzyme production was investigated using a non-airflow box. the drying caused a significant increase in enzyme production, while the mycelium content decreased slightly. this suggests that changes in the water content in the substrate during culture affect enzyme production in fungi.	2015	25488496
distinct mechanism of activation of two transcription factors, amyr and malr, involved in amylolytic enzyme production in aspergillus oryzae.	the production of amylolytic enzymes in aspergillus oryzae is induced in the presence of starch or maltose, and two zn2cys6-type transcription factors, amyr and malr, are involved in this regulation. amyr directly regulates the expression of amylase genes, and malr controls the expression of maltose-utilizing (mal) cluster genes. deletion of malr gene resulted in poor growth on starch medium and reduction in α-amylase production level. to elucidate the activation mechanisms of these two transcri ...	2015	25487891
the ctng gene encodes carbonic anhydrase involved in mycotoxin citrinin biosynthesis from monascus aurantiacus.	citrinin, a fungal secondary metabolite of polyketide origin, is moderately nephrotoxic to vertebrates, including humans. citrinin is synthesised by condensation of acetyl-coa and malonyl-coa. six genes involved in the citrinin biosynthesis, including pksct, ctna and ctnb, have been cloned in monascus purpureus. the pksct gene encodes a polyketide synthase; ctna is a regulatory factor; and ctnb encodes an oxidoreductase. when the three genes were respectively disrupted, the disruption strains dr ...	2015	25482072
effect of the dose of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme preparations on preingestive fiber hydrolysis, ruminal fermentation, and in vitro digestibility of bermudagrass haylage.	our objectives were to evaluate the effects of the dose rates of 5 trichoderma reesei and aspergillus oryzae exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (efe; 1a, 2a, 11c, 13d, and 15d) on in vitro digestibility, fermentation characteristics, and preingestive hydrolysis of bermudagrass haylage and to identify the optimal dose of each efe for subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies. in experiment 1, efe were diluted in citrate-phosphate buffer (ph 6) and applied in quadruplicate in each of 2 runs at 0× (control ...	2015	25468699
molecular characterization of intergeneric hybrid between aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum by protoplast fusion.	protoplast fusion between aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum and application of fusant in degradation of shellfish waste.	2015	25444252
purification and characterisation of α-amylase produced by mutant strain of aspergillus oryzae ems-18.	α-amylase produced by a mutant strain of aspergillus oryzae ems-18 has been purified to homogeneity as judged by sodium dodecyle sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the enzyme was purified by using 70% ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by anion exchange chromatography on deae-sephadex column and gel filtration on sephadex g-100. an enzyme purification factor of 9.5-fold was achieved with a final specific activity of 1987.7 u/mg protein and overall yield of 23.8%. the m ...	2015	25424747
modulating endoplasmic reticulum-golgi cargo receptors for improving secretion of carrier-fused heterologous proteins in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.	filamentous fungi are excellent hosts for industrial protein production due to their superior secretory capacity; however, the yield of heterologous eukaryotic proteins is generally lower than that of fungal or endogenous proteins. although activating protein folding machinery in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) improves the yield, the importance of intracellular transport machinery for heterologous protein secretion is poorly understood. here, using aspergillus oryzae as a model filamentous fungu ...	2015	25362068