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in vitro inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase activity of subfractions from ethanol extracts of fermented oats (avena sativa l.) and synergistic effect of three phenolic acids.the purpose of the present work is to study the pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects of different subfractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate (ea), n-butanol, and water) from ethanol extracts of nonfermented and fungi-fermented oats and to delineate the interactions of three primary phenolic acids in the ea subfractions. the ea subfraction showed the highest inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase activity at 1.5 mg/ml compared to the other subfractions, regardless of whether the oats were fermented. m ...201222765648
chronic effects of a wild green oat extract supplementation on cognitive performance in older adults: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.preliminary evaluation of a wild green oat extract (wgoe) (neuravena(®) elfa(®)955, frutarom, switzerland) revealed an acute cognitive benefit of supplementation. this study investigated whether regular daily wgoe supplementation would result in sustained cognitive improvements.201222690320
individual maize chromosomes in the c(3) plant oat can increase bundle sheath cell size and vein density.c(4) photosynthesis has evolved in at least 66 lineages within the angiosperms and involves alterations to the biochemistry, cell biology, and development of leaves. the characteristic "kranz" anatomy of most c(4) leaves was discovered in the 1890s, but the genetic basis of these traits remains poorly defined. oat × maize addition lines allow the effects of individual maize (zea mays; c(4)) chromosomes to be investigated in an oat (avena sativa; c(3)) genetic background. here, we have determined ...201222675083
integrated approach to assessing the effects of soils polluted with heavy metals on a plant population.this study addresses the effects of soil polluted with more than one heavy metal in a grass species. a 16-week bioassay with avena sativa l. was conducted in microcosms using soils from two abandoned mines in central spain that contained levels above world health organization (who) reference limits for soils of more than three heavy metals. pollution effects were examined at cell, tissue, organ, plant and population levels. for this purpose, dry weight, maximum height and number of leaves were d ...201222623112
controlling the dna cleavage activity of light-inducible chimeric endonucleases by bidirectional photoactivation.a functional coupling of photosensory domains derived from photoreceptors to effector proteins is a promising strategy for engineering novel photoresponsive proteins in optogenetics. here, we have fused the light-sensitive lov2 domain from avena sativa phototropin1 to the restriction enzyme pvuii to generate a genetically encoded, light-controllable endonuclease. by analyzing several lov-pvuii fusion enzymes, variants were obtained that show a 3-fold difference in dna cleavage activity, when ill ...201222559722
light qualities and dose influence ascorbate pool size in detached oat leaves.in this work, we studied the mechanism of light influence on asa pool size in avena sativa l. under the effects of low intensity light at different wavelengths. exposure to low intensity light of oat leaf segments incubated in water or in l-galactono-1,4-lactone (gl), resulted in an increase in asa content compared with the dark control. this increase was due to modulation of l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (gldh; ec 1.3.2.3) light-dependent activity and was dependent on the size of the en ...201222195578
molecular mapping of powdery mildew resistance gene eg-3 in cultivated oat (avena sativa l. cv. rollo).powdery mildew is a prevalent fungal disease affecting oat (avena sativa l.) production in europe. common oat cultivar rollo was previously shown to carry the powdery mildew resistance gene eg-3 in common with cultivar mostyn. the resistance gene was mapped with restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers from triticeae group-1 chromosomes using a population of f(3) lines from a cross between a. byzantina cv. kanota and a. sativa cv. rollo. this comparative mapping approach positione ...201222125160
wood pellet fly ash and bottom ash as an effective liming agent and nutrient source for rye grass (lolium perenne l.) and oats (avena sativa).fly ash (fa) and bottom ash (ba) from a softwood pellet boiler were characterized and evaluated as soil amendments. in a greenhouse study, two plant species (rye grass, lolium perenne l. and oats, avena sativa) were grown in three different treatments (1% fa, 1% ba, non-amended control) of a silty loam soil. total concentrations of plant nutrients ca, k, mg, p and zn in both ashes were elevated compared to conventional wood ash. concentrations of cd, cr, pb, se and zn were found to be elevated i ...201222104334
molecular characterization of phospholipids by high-performance liquid chromatography combined with an evaporative light scattering detector, high-performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry, and gas chromatography combined with a flame ionization detector in different oat varieties.oat (avena sativa l.) is an important crop produced in various regions of europe and north america. oat lipids are a heterogeneous mixture of acyl lipids and unsaponifiable components. the neutral lipids are mainly triacylglycerols and account for 50-60% of total oat lipids. oat oil is also rich in polar lipids, that is, phospholipids and glycolipids. characterization of oat polar lipids has largely been performed by thin-layer chromatography (tlc), but the composition of phospholipid classes ha ...201223061991
revised structures of avenacosides a and b and a new sulfated saponin from avena sativa l.the revised structures of avenacosides a and b and a new sulfated steroidal saponin isolated from grains of avena sativa l. were elucidated. their structures and complete nmr assignments are based on 1d and 2d nmr studies and identified as nuatigenin 3-o-{α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside}-26-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), nuatigenin 3-o-{α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside}-26-o-β-d-glucopyranoside ...201222972708
[a sudden rise in inr due to combination of tribulus terrestris, avena sativa, and panax ginseng (clavis panax)].warfarin sodium is an antithrombin agent used in patients with prosthetic valve and atrial fibrillation. however, there are many factors that can change the effectiveness of the drug. today, herbal mixtures promoted through targeted print and visual media can lead to sudden activity changes in patients using warfarin. in this case report we will present two cases with a sudden rise in inr due to using combination of tribulus terrestris, avena sativa and panax ginseng (panax clavis). two patients ...201222864323
targeting sources of drought tolerance within an avena spp. collection through multivariate approaches.in this study, we find and characterize the sources of tolerance to drought amongst an oat (avena sativa l.) germplasm collection of 174 landraces and cultivars. we used multivariate analysis, non-supervised principal component analyses (pca) and supervised discriminant function analyses (dfa) to suggest the key mechanism/s responsible for coping with drought stress. following initial assessment of drought symptoms and area under the drought progress curve, a subset of 14 accessions were selecte ...201222824964
genome-wide association study for oat (avena sativa l.) beta-glucan concentration using germplasm of worldwide origin.detection of quantitative trait loci (qtl) controlling complex traits followed by selection has become a common approach for selection in crop plants. the qtl are most often identified by linkage mapping using experimental f(2), backcross, advanced inbred, or doubled haploid families. an alternative approach for qtl detection are genome-wide association studies (gwas) that use pre-existing lines such as those found in breeding programs. we explored the implementation of gwas in oat (avena sativa ...201222865125
[three case reports of the use of herbal combinations resulted in stent thrombosis: herbal combinations; friend or foe?].nowadays, herbal combinations are commonly used in turkey and around the world. in particular, an herbal combination including tribulus terrestris (tt), avena sativa (as), and panax ginseng (pg), which may be effective in treatment of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, is used by patients with coronary artery disease. in this paper, we will report three cases with coronary stents who were diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome while using this herbal combination of tt, as and pg together with anti- ...201222864325
lactose in diet influences the degradation of mixed linked β(1-3;1-4)-d-glucan in the small intestine of pigs.the objective was to study the cause of variation in digestibility of mixed linked β(1-3;1-4)-d-glucan (β-glucan) in the small intestine of growing pigs. the β-glucan is an important cell wall [dietary fiber (df)] component of the endosperm of barley (hordeum vulgare) and oats (avena sativa). the digestibility of β-glucan in the small intestine from both cereals is among the highest of all df components, but in 1 study with oat-based diets it was lower (p < 0.001) than in other studies. in this ...201223365304
hydration and pasting properties of oat (avena sativa) flour.three oat cultivars and one oat breeding line were evaluated for chemical, hydration and pasting properties. protein, starch and β-glucan levels ranged 11.13∼14.37, 56.37∼64.86 and 3.44∼4.76%, respectively. the oat cultivars daeyang and seonyang contained higher β-glucan levels of 4.76 and 4.35%. the daeyang variety had a higher water absorption index (wai) of 2.83∼3.35 (g/g), but a lower water solubility index (wsi) of 8.67 ∼11.08%. daeyang and seonyang cultivars showed higher peak and trough v ...201224471068
duplication and diversification of the leafy hull sterile1 and oryza sativa mads5 sepallata lineages in graminoid poales.gene duplication and the subsequent divergence in function of the resulting paralogs via subfunctionalization and/or neofunctionalization is hypothesized to have played a major role in the evolution of plant form. the leafy hull sterile1 (lhs1) sepallata (sep) genes have been linked with the origin and diversification of the grass spikelet, but it is uncertain 1) when the duplication event that produced the lhs1 clade and its paralogous lineage oryza sativa mads5 (osm5) occurred, and 2) how chan ...201222340849
isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite markers for avena sativa (poaceae) (oat).a new set of microsatellite primers was developed for avena sativa and characterized to assess the level of genetic diversity among cultivars and wild genotypes.201222275767
signaling pathway of a photoactivable rac1-gtpase in the early stages.in modern life- and medical-sciences major efforts are currently concentrated on creating artificial photoenzymes, consisting of light- oxygen-voltage-sensitive (lov) domains fused to a target enzyme. such protein constructs possess great potential for controlling the cell metabolism as well as gene function upon light stimulus. this has recently been impressively demonstrated by designing a novel artificial fusion protein, connecting the aslov2-jα-photosensor from avena sativa with the rac1-gtp ...201222275005
safety and efficacy of personal care products containing colloidal oatmeal.colloidal oatmeal is a natural ingredient used in the formulation of a range of personal care products for relief of skin dryness and itchiness. it is also used as an adjunctive product in atopic dermatitis. the safety of personal care products used on vulnerable skin is of particular importance and the risk of developing further skin irritations and/or allergies should be minimized.201223204849
effect of feeding different cereal-based diets on the performance and gut health of weaned piglets with or without previous access to creep feed during lactation.a trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different cereals on the performance, gut mucosa, and microbiota of weanling pigs with or without previous access to creep feed during lactation. a total of 108 newly weaned pigs (7.4 kg bw; 26 d of age; half with and half without creep feed) were used. piglets were distributed by bw into 36 pens according to a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement of treatments with previous access to creep feed (with or without) and cereal source in the experimental diet [ ...201223365275
effect of feeding piglets with different extruded and nonextruded cereals on the gut mucosa and microbiota during the first postweaning week.two trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of different cereals in piglet diets on the jejunal mucosa and the ileal and cecal microbiota during the first postweaning days. in trial 1, 48 newly weaned pigs (7.95 kg bw; 26 d of age) were individually housed and distributed among 3 experimental diets containing white rice (oryza sativa), naked oats (avena sativa), or barley (hordeum vulgare) as the cereal source. at the start of the trial (weaning; day 0), 12 piglets were slaughtered and samp ...201223365267
designing photoswitchable peptides using the aslov2 domain.photocontrol of functional peptides is a powerful tool for spatial and temporal control of cell signaling events. we show that the genetically encoded light-sensitive lov2 domain of avena sativa phototropin 1 (aslov2) can be used to reversibly photomodulate the affinity of peptides for their binding partners. sequence analysis and molecular modeling were used to embed two peptides into the jα helix of the aslov2 domain while maintaining aslov2 structure in the dark but allowing for binding to ef ...201222520757
growth response of avena sativa in amino-acids-rich soils converted from phenol-contaminated soils by corynebacterium glutamicum.the biodegradation of phenol in laboratory-contaminated soil was investigated using the gram-positive soil bacterium corynebacterium glutamicum. this study showed that the phenol degradation caused by c. glutamicum was greatly enhanced by the addition of 1% yeast extract. from the toxicity test using daphnia magna, the soil did not exhibit any hazardous effects after the phenol was removed using c. glutamicum. additionally, the treatment of the phenolcontaminated soils with c. glutamicum increas ...201222534303
molecular interactions of the phytotoxins destruxin b and sirodesmin pl with crucifers and cereals: metabolism and elicitation of plant defenses.destruxin b and sirodesmin pl are phytotoxins produced by the phytopathogenic fungi alternaria brassicae (berk.) sacc. and leptosphaeria maculans (asexual stage phoma lingam), respectively. the molecular interaction of destruxin b and sirodesmin pl with cruciferous and cereal species was investigated using hplc-esi-ms(n). it was determined that crucifers transformed destruxin b to hydroxydestruxin b, but sirodesmin pl was not transformed. overall, the results suggest that the five cruciferous sp ...201222414311
tulips: tunable, light-controlled interacting protein tags for cell biology.naturally photoswitchable proteins offer a means of directly manipulating the formation of protein complexes that drive a diversity of cellular processes. we developed tunable light-inducible dimerization tags (tulips) based on a synthetic interaction between the lov2 domain of avena sativa phototropin 1 (aslov2) and an engineered pdz domain (epdz). tulips can recruit proteins to diverse structures in living yeast and mammalian cells, either globally or with precise spatial control using a steer ...201222388287
genetic variation in puccinia graminis collected from oats, rye, and barberry.puccinia graminis, the causal agent of stem rust, was collected from its alternate host barberry (berberis spp.) and two different uredinial hosts, oats (avena sativa) and rye (secale cereale). the samples were analyzed using 11 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers. there were large differences between fungal populations on oats (p. graminis f. sp. avenae) and rye (p. graminis f. sp. secalis), and the genetic variation within the different formae speciales was also high. it was possi ...201222734559
insoluble nonstarch polysaccharides in diets for weaned piglets.to examine the effect of inclusion insoluble nonstarch polysaccharides (insp) in weaned diets on postweaning piglet performance, intestinal activity, and microbial composition 2 experiments were designed. in exp. 1, 180 piglets were weaned at 28 d of age and divided over 3 treatments: positive control (pc; highly digestible protein), negative control (nc; standard cereal-based diet), and an experimental diet {insp; standard + 15% insp [wheat straw and oat (avena sativa) hull]}. diets were fed du ...201223365366
phytase improves apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in piglets fed diets with adequate or reduced phosphorus content.the effect of a thermotolerant 6-phytase produced by trichoderma reesei on performance and apparent total tract digestibility (attd) of p and ca was evaluated in 192 weaned piglets (randomized block design; 16 replicates; 2 piglets each). diets based on wheat (triticum aestivum), barley (hordeum vulgare), oat (avena sativa), soybean (glycine max) meal, and whey protein with adequate [positive control (pc)] or reduced [negative control (nc)] ca and p levels were fed for 46 d after weaning. the pc ...201223365327
pathogen and host genotype differently affect pathogen fitness through their effects on different life-history stages.adaptation of pathogens to their hosts depends critically on factors affecting pathogen reproductive rate. while pathogen reproduction is the end result of an intricate interaction between host and pathogen, the relative contributions of host and pathogen genotype to variation in pathogen life history within the host are not well understood. untangling these contributions allows us to identify traits with sufficient genetic variation for selection to act and to identify mechanisms of coevolution ...201222857005
anthelmintic efficacy of five tropical native australian plants against haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus colubriformis in experimentally infected goats (capra hircus).the study of the anthelmintic properties of plants rich in plant secondary metabolites can provide ecologically sound methods for the treatment of parasites on grazing animals. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the anthelmintic effect of five tropical native australian plant species rich in plant secondary metabolites on adult haemonchus contortus and trichostrongylus colubriformis in experimentally infected goats. thirty young, nematode-free goats were infected with 2500 h. conto ...201222265804
digital image sensor-based assessment of the status of oat (avena sativa l.) crops after frost damage.the aim of this paper is to classify the land covered with oat crops, and the quantification of frost damage on oats, while plants are still in the flowering stage. the images are taken by a digital colour camera ccd-based sensor. unsupervised classification methods are applied because the plants present different spectral signatures, depending on two main factors: illumination and the affected state. the colour space used in this application is cielab, based on the decomposition of the colour i ...201122163940
characterization of copper-resistant rhizosphere bacteria from avena sativa and plantago lanceolata for copper bioreduction and biosorption.copper is a toxic heavy metal widely used to microbial control especially in agriculture. consequently, high concentrations of copper residues remain in soils selecting copper-resistant organisms. in vineyards, copper is routinely used for fungi control. this work was undertaken to study copper resistance by rhizosphere microorganisms from two plants (avena sativa l. and plantago lanceolata l.) common in vineyard soils. eleven rhizosphere microorganisms were isolated, and four displayed high res ...201122002857
differential responses of oat genotypes: oxidative stress provoked by aluminum.the phytotoxic effects of aluminum and the mechanisms of genetically-based al tolerance have been widely investigated, as reported in many papers and reviews. however, investigations on many al-sensitive and al-resistant species demonstrate that al phytotoxicity and al-resistance mechanisms are extremely complex phenomena. the objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of aluminum on the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (cat), superoxide dismutase (sod), and ascorb ...201120853138
ingested oat herb extract (avena sativa) changes eeg spectral frequencies in healthy subjects.abstract objective: this study aimed at using quantitative assessment of human electric brain activity during mental work for determining acute effects of ingested oat herb extract on cognitive performance. design: within a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study, two dosages of a special oat preparation of avena sativa herba (1250 or 2500 mg of neuravena(®)) were compared to placebo. an electroencephalogram was recorded while the patient had eyes open for 6 minutes, eyes cl ...201121563962
a peroxygenase pathway involved in the biosynthesis of epoxy fatty acids in oat (avena sativa l.).while oat has long been known to produce epoxy fatty acids in seeds, synthesized by a peroxygenase pathway, the gene encoding the peroxygenase remains to be determined. here we report identification of a peroxygenase cdna aspxg1 from developing seeds of oat. aspxg1 is a small protein with 249 amino acids in length and contains conserved heme-binding residues and a calcium-binding motif. when expressed in pichia pastoris and e. coli, aspxg1 catalyzes the strictly hydroperoxide-dependent epoxidati ...201121784965
comparative study the effects of solid-state fermentation with three filamentous fungi on the total phenolics content (tpc), flavonoids and antioxidant activities of subfractions from oats (avena sativa l.).the aim of present work was to investigate the effect of solid-state fermentation with filamentous fungi (aspergillus oryzae var. effuses, aspergillus oryzae, and aspergillus niger) on total phenolics content (tpc), flavonoids and antioxidant activities of four subfractions of oat, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate (ea), n-butanol and water subfraction, and compare them with their corresponding subfractions of unfermented oat. the tpc and total flavonoids increased dramatically, especially in ea su ...201122136169
[primary structure of the "fast" component of avenin (avena sativa l].a procedure for the isolation and sequence analysis of the "fast" avenin component (n9) from the oat (avena sativa l., cv. narymsky 943) is described. component n9 was prepared by an ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography on a strong cation exchange column type mono s (pharmacia, sweden) in 4 m urea, ph 3.5, with a linear gradient of nacl. a polypeptide chain of avenin n9 was reconstructed by the cnbr and tryptic peptides on a model 470a protein gas-phase sequencer (applied biosyste ...20113190779
inhibition of fusarium graminearum growth in flour gel cultures by hexane-soluble compounds from oat (avena sativa l.) flour.fusarium head blight, incited by the fungus fusarium graminearum, primarily affects wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgarum), while oat (avena sativa) appears to be more resistant. although this has generally been attributed to the open panicle of oats, we hypothesized that a chemical component of oats might contribute to this resistance. to test this hypothesis, we created culture media made of wheat, barley, and oat flour gels (6 g of flour in 20 ml of water, gelled by autoclav ...201122186063
a formulation to encapsulate nootkatone for tick control.nootkatone is a component of grapefruit oil that is toxic to the disease-vectoring tick, ixodes scapularis say, but unfortunately causes phytotoxicity to treated plants and has a short residual activity due to volatility. we prepared a lignin-encapsulated nootkatone formulation to compare with a previously used emulsifiable formulation for volatility, plant phytotoxicity, and toxicity to unfed nymphs of i. scapularis. volatility of nootkatone was measured directly by trapping nootkatone vapor in ...201122238870
avenanthramides are bioavailable and accumulate in hepatic, cardiac, and skeletal muscle tissue following oral gavage in rats.avenanthramides (ava), polyphenols found exclusively in oats ( avena sativa l.), may play a role in the anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic activity of oats. the bioavailability of ava has been demonstrated previously, but its distribution at the organ and tissue level and the extent of conjugation following ingestion have been unexplored. synthetic ava was administered to 24 rats by oral gavage, whereas 6 control rats received saline. ava concentrations were measured via hplc in plasma, liver ...201121417395
dairy slurry application method impacts ammonia emission and nitrate in no-till corn silage.reducing ammonia (nh3) emissions through slurry incorporation or other soil management techniques may increase nitrate (no3) leaching, so quantifying potential losses from these alternative pathways is essential to improving slurry n management. slurry n losses, as nh3 or no3 were evaluated over 4 yr in south-central wisconsin. slurry (i.e., dairy cow [bos taurus] manure from a storage pit) was applied each spring at a single rate (-75 m3 ha(-1)) in one of three ways: surface broadcast (surf), s ...201121520745
characterization of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from field-grown barley, oat, and wheat.diazotrophic bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of field-grown triticum aestivum, hordeum vulgare, and avena sativa grown in various regions of greece. one isolate, with the highest nitrogen-fixation ability from each of the eleven rhizospheres, was selected for further characterisation. diazotrophic strains were assessed for plant-growth-promoting traits such as indoleacetic acid production and phosphate solubilisation. the phylogenies of 16s rrna gene of the selected isolates were com ...201121887633
phytotreatment of sludges (phragmites australis) for their reuse in the environment.the aim of this study is the evaluation of the agronomic characteristics acquired by a phytotreated sludge coming from a wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) located in tuscany (central italy). the chemical characterization showed values which are within the italian legislation limits for mixed composts. from an agronomic point of view, the sludge did not present a level of phytotoxicity, as shown by the germination index (gi% = 77). furthermore, pathogen compounds are inexistent (escherichia coli ...201122214075
swine manure injection with low-disturbance applicator and cover crops reduce phosphorus losses.injection of liquid swine manure disturbs surface soil so that runoff from treated lands can transport sediment and nutrients to surface waters. we determined the effect of two manure application methods on p fate in a corn (zea mays l.)-soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] production system, with and without a winter rye (secale cereale l.)-oat (avena sativa l.) cover crop. treatments included: (i) no manure; (ii) knife injection; and (iii) low-disturbance injection, each with and without the cover ...201121520739
model snp development for complex genomes based on hexaploid oat using high-throughput 454 sequencing technology.genetic markers are pivotal to modern genomics research; however, discovery and genotyping of molecular markers in oat has been hindered by the size and complexity of the genome, and by a scarcity of sequence data. the purpose of this study was to generate oat expressed sequence tag (est) information, develop a bioinformatics pipeline for snp discovery, and establish a method for rapid, cost-effective, and straightforward genotyping of snp markers in complex polyploid genomes such as oat.201121272354
population structure and linkage disequilibrium in oat (avena sativa l.): implications for genome-wide association studies.the level of population structure and the extent of linkage disequilibrium (ld) can have large impacts on the power, resolution, and design of genome-wide association studies (gwas) in plants. until recently, the topics of ld and population structure have not been explored in oat due to the lack of a high-throughput, high-density marker system. the objectives of this research were to survey the level of population structure and the extent of ld in oat germplasm and determine their implications f ...201121042793
210pb and 210po in finnish cereals.a survey was carried out on the activity concentrations of (210)pb and (210)po in cereal grains produced in finland. the cereal species were wheat (triticum aestivum), rye (secale cereale), oats (avena sativa) and barley (hordeum vulgare), which account for 90% of the finnish consumption of cereal products. the survey consisted of 18 flour and 13 unprocessed cereal samples and one hulled grain sample from 22 flour mills. according to the results, the mean (210)pb/(210)po concentrations in wheat ...201121035236
allelopathic effects of ragweed (ambrosia artemisiifolia l.) on cultivated plants.during the past years ragweed has been coming to the forefront of interest in hungary and in other european countries as well because its serious health risk. results of the 5th national weed survey has proven that ragweed is the most important weed species on hungarian field lands, its coverage shows a rising tendency in cereals moreover it not only occurs in cultivated plants. allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts derived from different parts of ragweed plants (air dried leafy stems, seeds) ...201122696964
phytotoxic clerodane diterpenes from salvia miniata fernald (lamiaceae).our ongoing research to identify natural growth inhibitors with diterpene and triterpene skeletons exuding from the surface of the aerial parts of salvia species led us to study salvia miniata fernald. ten clerodane diterpenoids were found, along with three known diterpenes. most of the isolated compounds from s. miniata inhibited the germination of papaver rhoeas l. and avena sativa l. in petri dish experiments. parallel results have been obtained in experiments carried out to evaluate the subs ...201121130478
effect of chemical systemic acquired resistance elicitors on avenanthramide biosynthesis in oat (avena sativa).oats produce a group of phenolic antioxidants termed avenanthramides. these metabolites are, among food crops, unique to oats and have shown, in experimental systems, certain desirable nutritional characteristics such as inhibiting atherosclerotic plaque formation and reducing inflammation. avenanthramides occur in both the leaves and grain of oat. in the leaves they are expressed as phytoalexins in response to crown rust (puccina coronata) infection. the experiments reported here demonstrate th ...201121598950
recent studies on aphrodisiac herbs for the management of male sexual dysfunction--a review.an aphrodisiac is a type of food or drink that has the effect of making those who eat or drink it more aroused in a sexual way. aphrodisiacs can be categorized according to their mode of action into three groups: substances that increase libido (i.e., sexual desire, arousal), substances that increase sexual potency (i.e., effectiveness of erection) and substances that increase sexual pleasure. some well-known aphrodisiacs are tribulus terrestrins, withania somnifera, eurycoma longifolia, avena s ...201121485695
evaluation of factors contributing to excessive nitrate accumulation in fodder crops leading to ill-health in dairy animals.a study was conducted to estimate nitrate content in commonly used fodder crops, viz., berseem (trifolium alexandrinum), bajra (pennisetum glaucum), maize (zea mays), oats (avena sativa), sorghum (sorghum vulgare) and toriya (brassica napus), collected from the fields of different villages of punjab and farms of the university, and to evaluate the factors associated with nitrate accumulation in these crops. the nitrate level was highest in sorghum on dry matter basis, followed by oats and toriya ...201121430916
transferability and utility of white oat (avena sativa) microsatellite markers for genetic studies in black oat (avena strigosa).preservation and use of wild oat species germplasm are essential for further improvement of cultivated oats. we analyzed the transferability and utility of cultivated (white) oat avena sativa (aaccdd genome) microsatellite markers for genetic studies of black oat a. strigosa (a(s)a(s) genome) genotypes. the dna of each black oat genotype was extracted from young leaves and amplified by pcr using 24 microsatellite primers developed from white oat. the pcr products were separated on 3% agarose gel ...201122179963
rhealba® oat plantlet extract: evidence of protein-free content and assessment of regulatory activity on immune inflammatory mediators.owing to their high content of flavonoids and saponins, plantlets of avena sativa l. (poaceae) are likely to possess anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties of value in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (ad). with a view to its potential use in atopic subjects at risk of developing sensitisation to dietary proteins, we prepared a plantlet extract without proteins and isolated 2 flavonoids, isoorientin-2''- o-arabinoside (1) and isovitexin-2''- o-arabinoside (2), and two saponins, aven ...201121240840
toxicity of sodium tungstate to earthworm, oat, radish, and lettuce.due to unknown effects of the potential exposure of the terrestrial environment to tungsten substances, a series of toxicity studies of sodium tungstate (na(2) wo(4) ) was conducted. the effect on earthworm (eisenia fetida) survival and reproduction was examined using organisation for economic co-operation and development (oecd) guideline 222. no effect on either endpoint was seen at the highest concentration tested, resulting in a 56-d no-observed-effect concentration (noec) of ≥586 mg tungsten ...201121805499
new diversity arrays technology (dart) markers for tetraploid oat (avena magna murphy et terrell) provide the first complete oat linkage map and markers linked to domestication genes from hexaploid a. sativa l.nutritional benefits of cultivated oat (avena sativa l., 2n = 6x = 42, aaccdd) are well recognized; however, seed protein levels are modest and resources for genetic improvement are scarce. the wild tetraploid, a. magna murphy et terrell (syn a. maroccana gdgr., 2n = 4x = 28, ccdd), which contains approximately 31% seed protein, was hybridized with cultivated oat to produce a domesticated a. magna. wild and cultivated accessions were crossed to generate a recombinant inbred line (ril) population ...201121805339
acute effects of an avena sativa herb extract on responses to the stroop color-word test.extracts from oat (avena sativa) herb may benefit cognitive performance. this study investigated whether neuravena(®), an oat herb extract, could acutely improve responses to the stroop color-word test, a measure of attention and concentration and the ability to maintain task focus.201121711204
modulating lov domain photodynamics with a residue alteration outside the chromophore binding site.phototropins, a class of light-activated protein kinases, are essential for several blue light responses in plants and algae, including phototropism. these proteins contain two internal light, oxygen, and voltage sensitive (lov) domains, which bind flavin chromophores and undergo a reversible photochemical formation of a cysteinyl-flavin adduct as part of the light sensing process. while the photodynamic properties of such photosensory domains are dictated by interactions between the chromophore ...201121323358
effects of water-saving superabsorbent polymer on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in oat (avena sativa l.) under drought stress.drought stress significantly limits oat (avena sativa l.) growth and productivity. thus an efficient management of soil moisture and study of metabolic changes in response to drought are important for improved production of oat. the objective was to gain a better understanding of drought tolerance mechanisms and improve soil water management strategies using water-saving superabsorbent polymer (sap) at 60 kg ha(-1) under three irrigation levels (adequate, moderate and deficit) using a new type o ...201121302322
[photosystem ii characteristics of nine gramineae species in southern taklamakan desert].taking the gramineae species elytrigia intermedia, avena sativa, bromus inermis, elymus sibiricus, leymus tianschanicus, elymus dahuricus, festuca elata, agropyron cristatum, and puccinellia distans at the edge of cele oasis in southern taklimakan desert as test objects, this paper monitored their fast chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics after 20 minutes adaptation in darkness, compared their photosystem ii (ps ii) characteristics, and analyzed their adaptability to the local environment. among th ...201122263463
effect of sewage water on mineral nutritive potential of six fodder species grown under semiarid conditions.investigation was performed to assess the effect of different sewage water treatments on the metal status of different fodder species consumed by ruminants under semi-arid conditions. five samples each of six fodder species viz., trifolium alexandrinum, cichorium intybus, avena sativa, medicago polymorpha, brassica campestris and medicago sativa were collected from three fields irrigated with canal water, mix water (canal water and sewage water) and sewage water, respectively. fodder samples wer ...201123961142
soluble sugar availability of aerobically germinated barley, oat and rice coleoptiles in anoxia.physiological and metabolic responses to anoxia were compared for aerobically germinated seedlings of barley (hordeum vulgare), oat (avena sativa) and rice (oryza sativa). coleoptile growth of barley, oat and rice seedlings was suppressed by a 24 h-anoxic stress, but the growth of the rice coleoptiles was much greater than that of the barley and oat coleoptiles. atp concentration in the anoxic rice coleoptiles was greater than that in the anoxic barley and oat coleoptiles. concentrations of etha ...201020727618
electrogenic plasma membrane h+-atpase activity using voltage sensitive dyes.fast responding voltage sensitive dyes, rh421 and di-4-aspbs, were used to study the electrogenic properties of plant plasma membrane proton pumps on sealed plasma membrane vesicles extracted by two-phase partitioning from beta vulgaris and avena sativa cv swan root material. fluorescence spectroscopy in the presence of the dye rh421 (10.8 nm) was sufficiently sensitive to detect electrogenic activity of the extracted plant vesicles. the dye detection system could detect inhibition of electrogen ...201020734224
drought stress induced changes in lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in genus avena.seven species of genus avena viz., avena sativa, avena strigosa, avena brevis, avena vaviloviana, avena abyssinica, avena marocana and avena sterilis were used to study the impact of drought stress on lipid peroxidation and other antioxidant enzymes. maximum increase in the catalase activity was recorded in a. vaviloviana (129.97%) followed by a. sativa (122.82%) and a. brevis (83.38%) at vegetative stage; however at flowering stage the maximum increase was reported in a. sativa (25.62%) followe ...201021186716
in situ disappearance of dry matter and fiber from fall-grown cereal-grain forages from the north-central united states.recent research has demonstrated that fall-grown wheat (triticum aestivum l.), triticale (x triticosecale wittmack), and oat (avena sativa l.) forages contain limited lignin and exhibit relatively stable estimates of in vitro true dm disappearance, as well as tdn, across a wide fall-harvest window. these traits suggest that ruminal availability of forage fiber is extensive. our objectives were to evaluate this premise by assessing in situ dm and ndf disappearance for kaskaskia wheat, trical 2700 ...201020709871
a new chromosome nomenclature system for oat (avena sativa l. and a. byzantina c. koch) based on fish analysis of monosomic lines.fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) with multiple probes was used to analyze mitotic and meiotic chromosome spreads of avena sativa cv 'sun ii' monosomic lines, and of a. byzantina cv 'kanota' monosomic lines from spontaneous haploids. the probes used were a. strigosa pas120a (a repetitive sequence abundant in a-genome chromatin), a. murphyi pam1 (a repetitive sequence abundant in c-genome chromatin), a. strigosa pits (internal transcribed spacer of rdna) and the wheat rdna probes pta71 (nu ...201020658121
heavy metal concentrations in plants and different harvestable parts: a soil-plant equilibrium model.a mathematical interaction model, validated by experimental results, was developed to modeling the metal uptake by plants and induced growth decrease, by knowing metal in soils. the model relates the dynamics of the uptake of metals from soil to plants. also, two types of relationships are tested: total and available metal content. the model successfully fitted the experimental data and made it possible to predict the threshold values of total mortality with a satisfactory approach. data are tak ...201020605666
use of earthworms (eisenia fetida) to reduce phytotoxicity and promote humification of pre-composted olive oil mill wastewater.olive mill wastewaters (omww) contain a high recalcitrant organic load and an associated toxicity that make their treatment necessary before environmental application. the aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of promoting the valorization and reducing the phytotoxicity of omww through a pre-composting process together with straw-chip bulking materials followed by the application of earthworms (eisenia fetida) in the presence of oat seedlings (avena sativa l.) seedlings.201020602513
rationally improving lov domain-based photoswitches.genetically encoded protein photosensors are promising tools for engineering optical control of cellular behavior; we are only beginning to understand how to couple these light detectors to effectors of choice. here we report a method that increases the dynamic range of an artificial photoswitch based on the lov2 domain of avena sativa phototropin 1 (aslov2). this approach can potentially be used to improve many aslov2-based photoswitches.201020562867
qtls for important breeding characteristics in the doubled haploid oat progeny.a homozygous mapping population, consisting of doubled haploid (dh) oat (avena sativa l.) plants generated through anther culture of f1 plants from the cross between the finnish cultivar 'aslak' and the swedish cultivar 'matilda', was used to construct an oat linkage map. ten agronomic and quality traits were analyzed in the dh plants from field trials in 2005 and 2006. leaf blotch (caused by pyrenophora avenae) resistance was also evaluated in a greenhouse test with 2 different isolates. one to ...201020555437
development of oat-based markers from barley and wheat microsatellites.although microsatellites are an efficient and reliable genetic marker system, availability is limited in cultivated oat (avena sativa l.). previous research has suggested that microsatellites from related species may be adapted to oat. this study investigated the stability of existing oat microsatellites, sequenced polymorphic oat amplicons derived from wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.) primers, and redesigned primers to develop oat-based markers. we evaluated 161 publ ...201020555435
increased water resistance of ctmp fibers by oat (avena sativa l.) husk lignin.the insertion of oat husk lignin onto chemithermomechanical pulp (ctmp) fibers was studied to increase fiber hydrophobicity. the pretreated pulp samples were subsequently used for preparation of handsheets for characterization. treatment of ctmp with laccase in the presence of oat husk lignin resulted in a significant increase in hydrophobicity of the handsheet surface, as indicated by dynamic contact angle analysis. water absorption time of 8 s was obtained with initial contact angle of 118°. a ...201020973545
hindered rotation of a cofactor methyl group as a probe for protein-cofactor interaction.exploring protein-cofactor interactions on a molecular level is one of the major challenges in modern biophysics. based on structural data alone it is rarely possible to identify how subtle interactions between a protein and its cofactor modulate the protein's reactivity. in the case of enzymatic processes in which paramagnetic molecules play a certain role, epr and related methods such as endor are suitable techniques to unravel such important details. in this contribution, we describe how cryo ...201020536240
mobilization of lipid reserves during germination of oat (avena sativa l.), a cereal rich in endosperm oil.since the cereal endosperm is a dead tissue in the mature grain, beta-oxidation is not possible there. this raises the question about the use of the endosperm oil in cereal grains during germination. in this study, mobilization of lipids in different tissues of germinating oat grains was analysed using thin-layer and gas chromatography. the data imply that the oat endosperm oil [triacylglycerol (tag)] is not a dead-end product as it was absorbed by the scutellum, either as free fatty acids (ffas ...201020497973
variability in xylanase and xylanase inhibition activities in different cereals in the healthgrain diversity screen and contribution of environment and genotype to this variability in common wheat.endo-1,4-beta-d-xylanases (ec 3.2.1.8, xylanases) and xylanase inhibitors, that is, taxi (triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor), xip (xylanase inhibiting protein), and tlxi (thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor) type xylanase inhibitors, which naturally occur in cereals, are believed to be at the basis of a significant part of the variability in biotechnological functional properties of cereals. xylanase inhibitors in particular affect grain functionality during processing and in animal feeds when ...201020462210
mechanism of signal transduction of the lov2-jα photosensor from avena sativa.fusion proteins containing blue-light-activable protein domains possess great potential as molecular switches in cell signalling. this has recently been impressively demonstrated by connecting the light oxygen voltage lov2-jα-protein domain of a. sativa (aslov2-jα) with the rac1-gtpase, responsible for regulating the morphology and motility of metazoan cells. however, a target-oriented development of fusion proteins in conjunction with this photosensor is still very challenging, because a detail ...201021081920
the chromosome content and genotype of two wheat cell lines and of their somatic fusion product with oat.somatic hybridization seeks to genetically combine phylogenetically distant parents. an effective system has been established in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) involving protoplasts from a non-totipotent cell line adapted to in vitro culture (t(1)) in combination with totipotent protoplasts harvested from embryogenic calli (t(2)). here, we report the karyotype and genotype of t(1) and t(2). line t(1) carries nine a (a-genome of wheat), seven b (b-genome of wheat) and eight d (d-genome of whe ...201020204401
effects of native grass cover crops on beneficial and pest invertebrates in australian vineyards.indigenous cover crops have the potential to promote an increase in natural enemies providing fortuitous control of pest species and other ecosystem services. we test this idea in a vineyard in south eastern australia, where reduced water availability because of drought coupled with increased temperatures has generated interest in sustainable alternatives to the exotic perennial cover crops commonly planted. three endemic perennial cover crops, comprising the grasses austrodanthonia richardsonii ...201020550812
lipid asymmetry in plant plasma membranes: phosphate deficiency-induced phospholipid replacement is restricted to the cytosolic leaflet.as in other eukaryotes, plant plasma membranes contain sphingolipids, phospholipids, and free sterols. in addition, plant plasma membranes also contain sterol derivatives and usually <5 mol% of a galactolipid, digalactosyldiacylglycerol (dgdg). we earlier reported that compared to fully fertilized oats (avena sativa), oats cultivated without phosphate replaced up to 70 mol% of the root plasma membrane phospholipids with dgdg. here, we investigated the implications of a high dgdg content on membr ...201019966136
oat (avena sativa) seed extract as an antifungal food preservative through the catalytic activity of a highly abundant class i chitinase.extracts from different higher plants were screened for the ability to inhibit the growth of penicillium roqueforti, a major contaminating species in industrial food processing. oat (avena sativa) seed extracts exhibited a high degree of antifungal activity and could be used directly on rye bread to prevent the formation of p. roqueforti colonies. proteins in the oat seed extracts were fractionated by column chromatography and proteins in fractions containing antifungal activity were identified ...201019224400
development and characterization of an oat tilling-population and identification of mutations in lignin and beta-glucan biosynthesis genes.oat, avena sativa is the sixth most important cereal in the world. presently oat is mostly used as feed for animals. however, oat also has special properties that make it beneficial for human consumption and has seen a growing importance as a food crop in recent decades. increased demand for novel oat products has also put pressure on oat breeders to produce new oat varieties with specific properties such as increased or improved beta-glucan-, antioxidant- and omega-3 fatty acid levels, as well ...201020459868
quantitative trait loci in the ogle/tam o-301 oat mapping population controlling resistance to puccinia coronata in the field.crown rust is the most damaging disease of cultivated oat (avena sativa) and genetic resistance is the primary means of controlling the disease. quantitative trait loci (qtl) with major and minor effects have been identified in ogle1040 and tam o-301 (most notably, pc58 and pcnqmg/lgcg from tam o-301 and ot-27 from ogle1040) through single-isolate greenhouse and field tests. to map loci and determine the effectiveness of previously identified qtl against naturally occurring pathogen populations ...201020373970
fall growth, nutritive value, and estimation of total digestible nutrients for cereal-grain forages in the north-central united states.throughout the southern great plains, wheat is managed frequently as a dual-purpose crop, but this production paradigm is not necessarily applicable throughout other regions of the united states, and a wider array of management options can be considered for forage-only uses of cereal grains. our objectives were to assess the fall-growth potential of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), triticale (x triticosecale wittmack), and oat (avena sativa l.) cultivars in wisconsin, and then to further evaluate a ...201019749014
oats (avena sativa) reduce atherogenesis in ldl-receptor-deficient mice.the cholesterol-lowering properties of oats, largely ascribed to its contents of soluble fibers, beta-glucans, are well established, whereas effects on atherogenesis are less well elucidated. oats also contains components with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that may affect atherogenesis. in this work we examined effects of oat bran on plasma cholesterol, markers of inflammation, enos expression and development of atherosclerosis in ldl-receptor-deficient (ldlr(-/-)) mice.201020553794
antioxidant activities of aged oat vinegar in vitro and in mouse serum and liver.the present study focused on the antioxidant activities of aged oat (avena sativa l.) vinegar. the antioxidant activities of oat and vinegar have been proved by many previous research studies. it should be noted that oat vinegar, as a novel seasoning, has antioxidant activity.201020564418
bacterial stimulation of copper phytoaccumulation by bioaugmentation with rhizosphere bacteria.copper contaminated areas pose environmental health risk to living organisms. remediation processes are thus required for both crop production and industrial activities. this study employed bioaugmentation with copper resistant bacteria to improve phytoremediation of vineyard soils and copper mining waste contaminated with high copper concentrations. oatmeal plant (avena sativa l.) was used for copper phytoextraction. three copper resistant bacterial isolates from oatmeal rhizosphere (pseudomona ...201020937516
influence of preceding crop on wireworm (coleoptera: elateridae) abundance in the coastal plain of north carolina.three studies were conducted to determine the effect of preceding crop on wireworm (coleoptera: elateridae) abundance in the coastal plain of north carolina. in all three studies, samples of wireworm populations were taken from the soil by using oat, avena sativa l., baits. treatments were defined by the previous year's crop and were chosen to reflect common crop rotations in the region. across all three studies, eight wireworm species were recovered from the baits: conoderus amplicollis (gyllen ...201021309229
intercropped oats (avena sativa) - common vetch (vicia sativa) silage in the dry season for small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central mexico.small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of central mexico require feeding strategies based on quality home-grown forage that may reduce high concentrate costs. eight holstein cows paired by parity and date of calving were used in a split-plot experiment to evaluate supplementing 6 kg dm/cow/d of oat-vetch silage (ovs) in comparison to maize silage (ms) as dry season feeding, for a more intensive use of the land through an oat-vetch catch crop. cows had 9 h/d access to continuous grazing of pe ...200919002599
alpaca plant poisonings: nitrate-nitrite and possible cyanide.nitrate-nitrite poisoning killed four adult alpacas and induced the abortion of a full-term fetus after access to oaten hay (avena sativa) containing 3.2% kno(3) equivalent in dry matter. necropsy findings were cyanosis, dark-coloured blood, and pulmonary congestion and oedema. aqueous humour from two adults contained 25 mg no(3)/l and that from the fetus contained 10 mg no(3)/l. cyanide poisoning possibly killed two adult wether alpacas that ate a garden-cultivated variety of osteospermum ecklo ...200919245625
performance of growing lambs fed processed karanj (pongamia glabra) oil seed cake as partial protein supplement to soybean meal.the aim of this study was to determine whether processed karanj (pongamia glabra) oil seed cake can be used as a supplement to partially replace soybean meal (sbm). male lambs (n = 24) of uniform body weight (12.88 +/- 0.15 kg) were equally allotted at random to a sbm-based control (con) and three test concentrate mixtures, containing detoxified solvent extracted karanj cake (skc) using three processing methods: water washing (ww), 2.5% lime (lm) and 0.4% binder (bn) treatment. the processed skc ...200919320936
evidence for variation in the optimal translation initiation complex: plant eif4b, eif4f, and eif(iso)4f differentially promote translation of mrnas.eukaryotic initiation factor (eif) 4b is known to interact with multiple initiation factors, mrna, rrna, and poly(a) binding protein (pabp). to gain a better understanding of the function of eif4b, the two isoforms from arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) were expressed and analyzed using biophysical and biochemical methods. plant eif4b was found by ultracentrifugation and light scattering analysis to most likely be a monomer with an extended structure. an extended structure would facilitate the ...200919493973
coularray electrochemical evaluation of tocopherol and tocotrienol isomers in barley, oat and spelt grains.hexane extracts obtained from hordeum vulgare l. (barley), avena sativa l. (oat), triticum spelta schrank and triticum dicoccum schrank ex schübler (spelt or emmer) whole grains, were examined for their tocochromanol (tocopherol and tocotrienol) content. the analyses were carried out on fatty extracts by means of hplc coupled with a coulometric array electrochemical detector (ecd). due to the specific high selectivity of the detector, the sample can be directly injected without any preliminary t ...200919370933
mapping of sts markers obtained from oat resistance gene analog sequences.two previously isolated resistance gene analogs (rgas) of oat have been located as rflps in the reference map of avena byzantina 'kanota' x avena sativa 'ogle' in regions either homologous or homoeologous to loci for resistance to puccinia coronata, the causal agent of crown rust. in this study, the rgas were mapped in two recombinant inbred line (ril) populations that segregate for crown rust resistance: the diploid avena strigosa x avena wiestii ril population (asw), which has been used for ma ...200919767892
in vitro fermentation of oat flours from typical and high beta-glucan oat lines.two publicly available oat (avena sativa) lines, "jim" and "paul" (5.17 and 5.31% beta-glucan, respectively), and one experimental oat line "n979" (7.70% beta-glucan), were used to study the effect of beta-glucan levels in oat flours during simulated in vitro digestion and fermentation with human fecal flora obtained from different individuals. the oat flours were digested by using human digestion enzymes and fermented by batch fermentation under anaerobic conditions for 24 h. the fermentation p ...200919572543
an extract from wild green oat improves rat behaviour.an extract of wild green oat (avena sativa l.), was tested in vivo in rats for its behavioural effects after chronic oral administration via extract-admixed food. thirty six male sprague-dawley rats received (a) standard diet (controls), (b) 10 g/kg extract-admixed food or (c) 100 g/kg extract-admixed food. the following behavioural tests were performed: elevated plus maze, forced swimming, conditioned avoidance response and tetradic encounter. body weight, food and fluid consumption were measur ...200919322760
computer analysis of phytochrome sequences from five species: implications for the mechanism of action.the amino acid sequences of phytochrome from avena sativa, oryza sativa, curcurbita pepo, pisum sativum and arabidopsis thaliana have been analyzed with a variety of computer programs, with a view to identifying areas of the protein which contribute to the properties of this photoreceptor. a region at the c-terminus has been shown to be amphiphilic, and by analogy with surface-seeking peptides, may be responsible for interaction of phytochrome with lipid bilayers. possible targeting sequences in ...20092291773
[effect of strengthening solar ultraviolet b band irradiation on oat (avena sativa l. ) yield and its components in qing tibetan plateau].stratospheric ozone depletion occurs mainly over polar regions during the spring when the solar ultraviolet b-band (280-315 nm, uv-b) radiation is most intense in a year, but over the qing tibetan plateau region, the highest intensity is from june to september when the amount of uv-b radiation reaching the regions is more than that in the adjacent areas lying in the same latitude by 10%. from june to september is just the time of plant's germination, development, and reproduction in the alpine r ...200919839346
angiotensin-i converting enzyme inhibitory activity of hydrolysates from oat (avena sativa) proteins by in silico and in vitro analyses.the potential for producing antihypertensive peptides from oat proteins through enzymatic hydrolysis was assessed in silico and confirmed in vitro. thermolysin (ec 3.4.24.27) was predicted using biopep database as the enzyme that would theoretically produce the most angiotensin i converting enzyme (ace) inhibitory peptides from oat. experimental evidence confirmed that strong ace-inhibitory activity was produced under various hydrolysis conditions. hydrolysates produced under high enzyme-to-subs ...200919731915
addition of individual chromosomes of maize inbreds b73 and mo17 to oat cultivars starter and sun ii: maize chromosome retention, transmission, and plant phenotype.oat-maize addition (oma) lines with one, or occasionally more, chromosomes of maize (zea mays l., 2n = 2x = 20) added to an oat (avena sativa l., 2n = 6x = 42) genomic background can be produced via embryo rescue from sexual crosses of oat x maize. self-fertile disomic addition lines of different oat genotypes, mainly cultivar starter, as recipient for maize chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, and the short arm of 10 and a monosomic addition line for chromosome 8, have been reported previously i ...200919707741
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