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non-contact electromagnetic induction heating for eradicating bacteria and yeasts on biomaterials and possible relevance to orthopaedic implant infections: in vitro findings.infection of implants is a major problem in elective and trauma surgery. heating is an effective way to reduce the bacterial load in food preparation, and studies on hyperthermia treatment for cancer have shown that it is possible to heat metal objects with pulsed electromagnetic fields selectively (pemf), also known as induction heating. we therefore set out to answer the following research question: is non-contact induction heating of metallic implants effective in reducing bacterial load in v ...201728522446
spotlight on bacillus cereus and its food poisoning toxins. 201728521335
decontamination of multiple heavy metals-containing effluents through microbial biotechnology.to decontaminate heavy metal-containing waste water, a microbial biotechnology was developed by using the synergy between sulfate reducing bacteria (srb), bacillus cereus (b. cereus) and camellia oleifera cake (coc). in this process the coc degradation assisted by b.cereus, created an anoxic environment and provided energy and nutrition for srb. both of b. cereus and srb played significant roles through biosorption, bioaccumulation and biosurfactant production. meanwhile, a flotation technology ...201728521206
cyclic diarylheptanoids from corylus avellana green leafy covers: determination of their absolute configurations and evaluation of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.the methanol extract of the leafy covers of corylus avellana, source of the italian pgi (protected geographical indication) product "nocciola di giffoni", afforded two new cyclic diarylheptanoids, giffonins t and u (2 and 3), along with two known cyclic diarylheptanoids, a quinic acid, flavonoid-, and citric acid derivatives. the structures of giffonins t and u were determined as highly hydroxylated cyclic diarylheptanoids by 1d and 2d nmr experiments. their relative configurations were assigned ...201728520428
comparative genomic analysis reveals genetic features related to the virulence of bacillus cereus forc_013.bacillus cereus is well known as a gastrointestinal pathogen that causes food-borne illness. in the present study, we sequenced the complete genome of b. cereus forc_013 isolated from fried eel in south korea. to extend our understanding of the genomic characteristics of forc_013, we conducted a comparative analysis with the published genomes of other b. cereus strains.201728515790
former food products safety: microbiological quality and computer vision evaluation of packaging remnants contamination.the use of alternative feed ingredients in farm animal's diets can be an interesting choice from several standpoints, including safety. in this respect, this study investigated the safety features of selected former food products (ffps) intended for animal nutrition produced in the framework of the izs plv 06/14 rc project by an ffp processing plant. six ffp samples, both mash and pelleted, were analysed for the enumeration of total viable count (tvc) (iso 4833), enterobacteriaceae (iso 21528-1) ...201728513297
antibacterial and antioxidative activity of o-amine functionalized chitosan.cinnamaldehyde was immobilized to o-amine functionalized chitosan via a coupling reaction. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed n-cinnamyl substitution. wetting analyses demonstrate more hydrophobicity in the n-cinnamyl substituted o-amine functionalized chitosan compared to chitosan or unsubstituted o-amine functionalized chitosan. thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrates that the prepared n-cinnamyl substituted o-amine functionalized chitosan ...201728504167
effect of glucose and olive oil as potential carbon sources on production of phas copolymer and tercopolymer by bacillus cereus fa11.in this study, the influence of different physicochemical parameters on the yield of polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) produced by bacillus cereus fa11 is investigated. the physicochemical factors include ph, temperature, time, inoculum size and its age, agitation speed and composition of the glucose rich peptone deficient (grpd) medium. during two-stage fermentation, b. cereus fa11 produced a significantly high (p < 0.05) yield (80.59% w/w) of phas copolymer using grpd medium containing glucose (15  ...201728501987
lateral flow assay-based bacterial detection using engineered cell wall binding domains of a phage endolysin.the development of a cost-effective and efficient bacterial detection assay is essential for diagnostic fields, particularly in resource-poor settings. although antibodies have been widely used for bacterial capture, the production of soluble antibodies is still expensive and time-consuming. here, we developed a nitrocellulose-based lateral flow assay using cell wall binding domains (cbds) from phage as a recognition element and colloidal gold nanoparticles as a colorimetric signal for the detec ...201728494369
soil acidification aggravates the occurrence of bacterial wilt in south china.soil acidification is a major problem in modern agricultural systems and is an important factor affecting the soil microbial community and soil health. however, little is known about the effect of soil acidification on soil-borne plant diseases. we performed a 4-year investigation in south china to evaluate the correlation between soil acidification and the occurrence of bacterial wilt. the results showed that the average soil ph in fields infected by bacterial wilt disease was much lower than t ...201728487678
risk factors for post-traumatic endophthalmitis in patients with positive intraocular cultures.to determine the risk factors for post-traumatic endophthalmitis in patients with positive intraocular culture.201728221562
production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha) using sludge from different wastewater treatment processes and the potential for medical and pharmaceutical applications.in this study, seven strains of bacteria with polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha)-producing ability (i.e., bacillus cereus, pseudomonas putida, bacillus pumilus, pseudomona-huttiensis, yersinia-frederiksenii, aeromonas ichthiosmia and sphingopyxis terrae) were isolated from various waste treatment plants in hong kong. simultaneous wastewater treatment and pha accumulation were successfully achieved in the bioreactors using isolated bacteria from different sludges. at the organic loading less than 13000 ...201728387154
seasonal variability in size-segregated airborne bacterial particles and their characterization at different source-sites.size-segregated aerosol samplings were carried out near the potential sources of airborne biological particles i.e. at a landfill site, an agricultural field and a road side restaurant-cluster site in winter, spring and summer seasons during 2013-2015 in new delhi. the culturable airborne bacterial (cab) concentrations showed significant seasonal variation from higher to moderate in spring and winter seasons and lowest during summer. highest cab concentrations were observed at the okhla landfill ...201728390023
diversity of endophytic bacteria in a fern species dryopteris uniformis (makino) makino and evaluation of their antibacterial potential against five foodborne pathogenic bacteria.the fern plant dryopteris uniformis has traditionally been used in herbal medicine and possesses many biological activities. this study was conducted to explore the endophytic bacterial diversity associated with d. uniformis and evaluate their antibacterial potential against foodborne pathogenic bacteria (fpb). among 51 isolated endophytic bacteria (eb), 26 eb were selected based on their morphological characteristics and identified by 16s rrna gene analysis. the distribution of eb was diverse i ...201728418717
expression and purification of transmembrane protein mere from mercury resistant bacillus cereus.mercury resistant (hg(r)) bacteria were isolated from heavy metal polluted wastewater and soil collected near to tanneries of district kasur, pakistan. bacterial isolates az-1, az-2 and az-3 showed resistance up to 40 μg/ml against mercuric chloride (hgcl2). 16s rdna ribotyping and phylogenetic analysis were performed for the characterization of selected isolates as bacillus sp. az-1 (kt270477), bacillus cereus az-2 (kt270478) and bacillus cereus az-3 (kt270479). phylogenetic relationship on the ...201728783894
effects of secondary metabolites of permafrost bacillus sp. on cytokine synthesis by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.we studied the effects of secondary metabolites of bacillus sp. isolated from late neogene permafrost on secretion of proinflammatory (tnf-α, il-1β, il-8, il-2, and ifnγ) and antiinflammatory (il-4 and il-10) cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. it was found that metabolites of bacillus sp. produced more potent effect on cytokine secretion than mitogen phytohemagglutinin and metabolites of bacillus cereus, medicinal strain ip5832. activity of metabolites depended on the tempera ...201728726195
an experimental study of postmortem decomposition of methomyl in blood.methomyl (s-methyl-1-n-[(methylcarbamoyl)oxy]thioacetimidate) is a carbamate pesticide. it has been noted that in some cases of methomyl poisoning, methomyl is either not detected or detected only in low concentrations in the blood of the victims. however, in such cases, methomyl is detected at higher concentrations in the vitreous humor than in the blood. this indicates that methomyl in the blood is possibly decomposed after death. however, the reasons for this phenomenon have been unclear. we ...201728457508
chemical constituents of helichrysum italicum (roth) g. don essential oil and their antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, filamentous fungi and candida albicans.the aerial parts of helichrysum italicum (roth) g. don were subjected to hydrodistillation to obtain essential oils which had been analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and tested for antimicrobial activity against 12 bacteria, two yeasts and four fungi by agar diffusion method. the essential oil yielded 0.44% (v/w) and 67 compounds accounting for 99.24% of the oil were identified with a high content of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (61.42%). the most o ...201728725151
investigation on the antimicrobial activities of gingers (etlingera coccinea (blume) s.sakai & nagam and etlingera sessilanthera r.m.sm.) endemic to borneo.to investigate the antimicrobial properties of e. coccinea and e. sessilanthera and to isolate and identify the antimicrobial compounds.201728708293
development and characterization of bioactive edible films from spider crab (maja crispata) chitosan incorporated with spirulina extract.active food packaging films based on crab chitosan and spirulina extract (se) were developed. the effects of the se incorporation at different levels on physical (color, opacity water vapor and oxygen permeability) and mechanical (tensile strength and elongation at break) properties of chitosan films were investigated. ftir was carried out to observe the potential modifications of the chitosan films when incorporated with se. the obtained results suggested that incorporation of se into chitosan ...201728705500
antibacterial and antioxidant constituents of extracts of endophytic fungi isolated from ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora leaves.fourteen fungal endophytes were isolated from the ocimum basilicum var. thyrsiflora leaves collected from northern thailand. eight genera were identified including aspergillus, ascochyta, nigrospora, blastomyces, colletotrichum, exidia, clitopilus, and nomuraea. the antibacterial activity of crude extracts from all endophytic fungi was tested against nine human bacterial pathogens: staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli, klebsiella ...201728698913
variation analysis of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates production using saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.polyhydroxyalkanoates (pha) are efficient, renewable and environment friendly polymeric esters. these polymers are synthesized by a variety of microbes under stress conditions. this study was carried out to check the suitability of waste frying oil in comparison to other oils for economical bioplastic production. six bacterial strains were isolated and identified as bacillus cereus (kf270349), klebsiella pneumoniae (kf270350), bacillus subtilis (kf270351), brevibacterium halotolerance (kf270352) ...201728629970
synthesis of new thiazolyl coupled pyrazoles bearing 2,4-thiazolidinedionyl pharmacophore and their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial evaluation.2, 4-thiazolidinedione (tzd), pyrazole and thiazole heterocyclic rings exhibit wide range of pharmacological activities. medicinal chemists use these heterocyclic moieties as scaffolds in drug designing and discovery. the existing medicaments, celecoxib and meloxicam, used for treating inflammation and pain are having, pyrazole and thiazole, respectively as a key scaffolds. pyrazoles coupled with 2, 4-thiazolidinediones may display enhanced anti inflammatory activity. with this hope the title wo ...201728618987
aptamer-based trapping: enrichment of bacillus cereus spores for real-time pcr detection.aptamer-based trapping techniques are in general suitable to replace common antibody-based enrichment approaches. a time-consuming isolation or clean-up is often necessary during sample preparation, e.g. for the detection of spores. for the development of bioanalytical routine approaches, aptamers with a high affinity to b. cereus spores were applied for the establishment and validation of an aptamer-based trapping technique in milk with fat contents between 0.3 and 3.5%. thereby, enrichment fac ...201728478557
the phosphotransferase system gene ptsi in bacillus cereus regulates expression of soda2 and contributes to colonization of wheat roots.plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria effectively enhance plant growth and root colonization by the bacteria is a prerequisite during the process. bacillus cereus 905, a rhizosphere bacterium originally isolated from wheat roots, colonizes the wheat rhizosphere with a large population size. we previously showed that a manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (mnsod2), encoded by the soda2 gene, plays an important role in colonization of the wheat rhizosphere by b. cereus 905. in this study, we i ...201728478075
green synthesis, characterisation and bioactivity of plant-mediated silver nanoparticles using decalepis hamiltonii root extract.consistent search of plants for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (snps) is an important arena in nanomedicine. this study focuses on synthesis of snps using bioreduction of silver nitrate (agno3) by aqueous root extract of decalepis hamiltonii. the biosynthesis of snps was monitored by uv-vis analysis at absorbance maxima 432 nm. the fluorescence emission spectra of snps illustrated the broad emission peak 450-483 nm at different excitation wavelengths. the surface characteristics were st ...201728476981
seasonal outbreak of bacillus bacteremia associated with contaminated linen in hong kong.a high seasonal incidence of bacillus bacteremia was associated with the use of contaminated hospital linens.201728475782
predicting genome terminus sequences of bacillus cereus-group bacteriophage using next generation sequencing data.most tailed bacteriophages (phages) feature linear dsdna genomes. characterizing novel phages requires an understanding of complete genome sequences, including the definition of genome physical ends.201728472946
the putative drug efflux systems of the bacillus cereus group.the bacillus cereus group of bacteria includes seven closely related species, three of which, b. anthracis, b. cereus and b. thuringiensis, are pathogens of humans, animals and/or insects. preliminary investigations into the transport capabilities of different bacterial lineages suggested that genes encoding putative efflux systems were unusually abundant in the b. cereus group compared to other bacteria. to explore the drug efflux potential of the b. cereus group all putative efflux systems wer ...201728472044
evaluation of two standard and two chromogenic selective media for optimal growth and enumeration of isolates of 16 unique bacillus species.the genus bacillus is a group of gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria that can cause food poisoning and diarrheal illness in humans. a wide range of food products have been linked to foodborne outbreaks associated with these opportunistic pathogens. the u.s. food and drug administration recommends (in their bacteriological analytical manual) the use of bacara or mannitol egg yolk polymyxin (myp) agar plates and the most-probable-number (mpn) method for enumeration and confirmation of bacillu ...201728467187
self assembled snowball-like hybrid nanostructures comprising viburnum opulus l. extract and metal ions for antimicrobial and catalytic applications.herein, we report the production of novel organic-inorganic nanobio-catalytic and antimicrobial agents called "nanosnowball" (nsbs) with a rational design and elucidate the increase in the catalytic and antimicrobial activities. the nsbs resemble to guelder rose were formed of the extract of viburnum opulus (vo) as the organic component and copper (ii) ions (cu(2+)) as the inorganic component. the effects of the vo extract and cu(2+) concentrations on the morphology of nsbs were systematically e ...201728465062
paneth-cell-disruption-induced necrotizing enterocolitis in mice requires live bacteria and occurs independently of tlr4 signaling.necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. both human surgical specimens and animal models suggest a potential involvement of paneth cells in nec pathogenesis. paneth cells play critical roles in epithelial homeostasis, innate immunity and host-microbial interactions. yet, the complex interplay between paneth cell disruption, epithelial barrier dysfunction and microbial-driven inflammation remains unclear in the immature intestine. in ...201728450472
simulating intestinal growth conditions enhances toxin production of enteropathogenic bacillus cereus.bacillus cereus is a ubiquitous bacterial pathogen increasingly reported to be the causative agent of foodborne infections and intoxications. since the enterotoxins linked to the diarrheal form of food poising are foremost produced in the human intestine, the toxic potential of enteropathogenic b. cereus strains is difficult to predict from studies carried out under routine cultivation procedures. in this study, toxigenic properties of a panel of strains (n = 19) of diverse origin were compared ...201728446903
bacteriophage exclusion (brex): a novel anti-phage mechanism in the arsenal of bacterial defense system.the arm race between bacteria and phages leads to the development of many phage resistance mechanisms. bacteria are perpetually changing their strategy to avert phage infection and killing. recently, a study published that shed light on a novel bacterial defense system called bacteriophage exclusion (brex). brex system is a six-gene cassette in bacillus cereus which provides complete phage resistance to a broad range of phages, including lytic and temperate ones. it is a novel defense strategy w ...201728444888
surveillance of bacillus cereus isolates in korea from 2012 to 2014.to investigate the prevalence and toxin production characteristics of non-emetic and emetic bacillus cereus strains isolated via the laboratory surveillance system in korea.201728443227
indole derivatives produced by the metagenome genes of the escherichia coli-harboring marine sponge discodermia calyx.three indole derivatives, a novel benzoxazine-indole hybrid (1) and two known indole trimers (2, 3), were isolated from the metagenomic library of the marine sponge discodermia calyx based on functional screening. their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison of their nmr data to that of known compounds. the antibacterial assay indicated that only compound 2 displayed significant antibacterial activity against bacillus cereus, with approximately 20 mm diamet ...201728441364
genome-wide investigation of biofilm formation in bacillus cereus.bacillus cereus is a soil-dwelling gram-positive bacterium capable of forming structured multicellular communities, or biofilms. however, the regulatory pathways controlling biofilm formation are less well understood in b. cereus in this work, we developed a method to study b. cereus biofilms formed at the air-liquid interface. we applied two genome-wide approaches, random transposon insertion mutagenesis to identify genes that are potentially important for biofilm formation, and transcriptome a ...201728432092
the spo0a-sini-sinr regulatory circuit plays an essential role in biofilm formation, nematicidal activities, and plant protection in bacillus cereus ar156.the rhizosphere bacterium bacillus cereus ar156 is capable of forming biofilms, killing nematodes, and protecting plants. however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of these processes are not well understood. in this study, we found that the isogenic mutants δbcspo0a and δbcsini have significantly reduced colonization and nematicidal activity in vitro and biological control efficacy on the tomato plant under greenhouse conditions. we further investigated the role of the spo0a-sini-sinr regulat ...201728430084
epidemiological study of common diseases and their risk factors in camels in south punjab, pakistan.bacteriological study of mastitis along with common blood protozoan diseases were studied in dromedary camels in cholistan, dera ismail khan and rahim yar khan districts in south punjab, pakistan. for this purpose 300 camels were sampled randomly at different common grazing and watering point. for study of blood parasites clinically suspected and apparently healthy camels, 150 each, were sampled. an overall prevalence of 15%and 5% was recorded for trypanosomiasis and anaplasmosis respectively. t ...201728428133
infection-related complications during treatment for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.comprehensive studies on neutropenia and infection-related complications in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) are lacking.201728426102
effective thermal inactivation of the spores of bacillus cereus biofilms using microwave.microwave sterilization was performed to inactivate the spores of biofilms of bacillus cereus involved in foodborne illness. the sterilization conditions, such as the amount of water and the operating temperature and treatment time, were optimized using statistical analysis based on 15 runs of experimental results designed by the box-behnken method. statistical analysis showed that the optimal conditions for the inactivation of b. cereus biofilms were 14 ml of water, 108°c of temperature, and 15 ...201728423891
effects of culture conditions on the size, morphology and wet density of spores of bacillus cereus 569 and bacillus megaterium qm b1551.the influence of variable culture conditions on the size and wet density of spores of bacillus cereus and bacillus megaterium were examined in this work. culture temperature and initial ph was shown to have a significant impact on the size of both species, with increasingly alkaline culture media and elevated culture temperatures resulting in spores that were, on average, up to 25% reduced in volume. increasing concentrations of inorganic salts in sporulation media exerted differing effects on e ...201728419596
virulence analysis of bacillus cereus isolated after death of preterm neonates, nice, france, 2013.after the deaths of 2 preterm neonates with bacillus cereus systemic infection in the same intensive care unit, we investigated the pathogenic potential of this bacterium. genetic and virulence analysis indicated the neonates were infected with 2 different strains with a virulence potential similar to environmental strains, indicating likely patient immune response failure.201728418291
crystal structure of the flagellar chaperone flis from bacillus cereus and an invariant proline critical for flis dimerization and flagellin recognition.flis is a cytoplasmic flagellar chaperone for the flagellin, which polymerizes into filaments outside of the flagellated bacteria. cytoplasmic interaction between flis and flagellin is critical to retain the flagellin protein in a monomeric form, which is transported from the cytoplasm through the flagellar export apparatus to the extracellular space for filament assembly. defects in the flis protein directly diminish bacterial motility, pathogenicity, and viability. although the overall structu ...201728414127
production and characterization of curcumin microcrystals and evaluation of the antimicrobial and sensory aspects in minimally processed carrots.nontoxic conserving agents are in demand by the food industry due to consumers concern about synthetic conservatives, especially in minimally processed food. the antimicrobial activity of curcumin, a natural phenolic compound, has been extensively investigated but hydrophobicity is an issue when applying curcumin to foodstuff. the objective of this work was to evaluate curcumin microcrystals as an antimicrobial agent in minimally processed carrots. the antimicrobial activity of curcumin microcry ...201728406506
ribosomal background of the bacillus cereus group thermotypes.in this study we reconstructed the architecture of bacillus cereus sensu lato population based on ribosomal proteins, and identified a link between the ribosomal proteins' variants and thermal groups (thermotypes) of the bacilli. the in silico phyloproteomic analysis of 55 ribosomal proteins (34 large and 21 small subunit r-proteins) of 421 strains, representing 14 well-established or plausible b. cereus sensu lato species, revealed several ribosomal clusters (r-clusters), which in general were ...201728406161
standardization of biopolymer production from seaweed associative bacteria.polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) is the biodegradable plastic, which is shown the similar properties to the synthetic plastic. production of pha is expensive when compared with petrochemical based plastics costs and also hazardous to ecosystem. in order to overcome these drawbacks, some cheaper commercially available carbon sources like rice bran, coconut cake, palm jaggary, etc. can be used. the present study aimed to identify the potential pha producing bacterial strains from different seaweeds. bas ...201728404223
cereulide production by bacillus weihenstephanensis strains during growth at different ph values and temperatures.besides bacillus cereus, some strains of the psychrotolerant, potentially foodborne pathogen bacillus weihenstephanensis can produce the emetic toxine (cereulide). this toxin is a heat- and acid-stable cyclic dodecadepsipeptide that causes food intoxication with vomiting. however, some severe clinical cases with lethal outcomes have been described. if cereulide can be produced during refrigerated storage, it will not be inactivated by reheating food, representing an important risk of food intoxi ...201728399995
analysis of kudoa septempunctata as a cause of foodborne illness and its associated differential diagnosis.recently kudoa septempuctata in olive flounders is suggested as a cause of food poisoning, however whether kudoa septempuctata can affect human gastrointestinal systems is controversial and its pathogenecity remains unclear. in view of the field epidemiology, food poisonings caused by kudoa septempuctata should be distinguished from those caused by staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus.201728395399
antibacterial and antibiotic potentiating activities of tropical marine sponge extracts.increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance has led research to focus on discovering new antimicrobial agents derived from the marine biome. although ample studies have investigated sponges for their bioactive metabolites with promising prospects in drug discovery, the potentiating effects of sponge extracts on antibiotics still remains to be expounded. the present study aimed to investigate the antibacterial capacity of seven tropical sponges collected from mauritian waters and their modulat ...201728392375
genetic diversity and population structure of the bacillus cereus group bacteria from diverse marine environments.the phylogenetic diversity of marine bacteria belonged to the bacillus cereus group has not been well investigated. here, we present the genetic diversity and population structure of 71 bacteria from diverse marine environments, using a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) approach and the analyses of digital dna-dna hybridization (dddh) and average nucleotide identity (ani) based on some representative genomic sequences. the mlst analysis demonstrated that these isolates were highly diverse and a ...201728386130
in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-microbial potentiality investigation of different fractions of caryota urens leaves.caryota urens is a member of the arecaceae family and a common plant in the southeast asian region. this plant has been reported as an anti-microbial agent in recent years. thus, we aimed to find out the mic (minimum inhibitory concentration) against different pathogenic microorganism.201628536384
antimicrobial activity of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts from acacia spp. and eucalyptus nicholii.in europe, acacia and eucalyptus, originate large amounts of biomass, due to their need by industries and other biological control, that can be used to extract antimicrobial substances.201628480369
[septicaemia of chironomid larvae (diptera: chironomidae) promoted by bacillus cereus and b. thuringiensis].natural factors regulating the population of chironomids were studied. the bacteria bacillus cereus were isolated from chironomids sampled from kuyalnitskii firth after epizooty of chironomus sp., and bacteria bacillus thuringiensis spp. israelensis (bti) were isolated from dead larva of chironomus plumosus sampled in the sea of azov (3-m depth). bti were characterized by high insecticide activity on midges anopheles messeae fall., aedes cireneus mg., and culex pipiens pipiens f. pipiens l.201622988756
effects of climate change on the persistence and dispersal of foodborne bacterial pathogens in the outdoor environment: a review.according to the intergovernmental panel on climate change (ipcc), warming of the climate system is unequivocal. over the coming century, warming trends such as increased duration and frequency of heat waves and hot extremes are expected in some areas, as well as increased intensity of some storm systems. climate-induced trends will impact the persistence and dispersal of foodborne pathogens in myriad ways, especially for environmentally ubiquitous and/or zoonotic microorganisms. animal hosts of ...201625612827
antibacterial effect of the red sea soft coral sarcophyton trocheliophorum.the marine soft corals sarcophyton trocheliophorum crude extracts possessed antimicrobial activity towards pathogenic bacterial strains, i.e. bacillus cereus, salmonella typhi, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. bioassay-guided fractionation indicated that the antimicrobial effect was due to the presence of terpenoid bioactive derivatives. further biological assays of the n-hexane fractions were carried out using turbidity assay, inhibition zone assay and minimum ...201626186031
a novel antimicrobial flavonoid from the stem bark of commiphora pedunculata (kotschy & peyr.) engl.a new flavonoid, 2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-8h-pyrano[3,2]chromen-4-one, together with previously reported epicatechin was isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the methanol extract of the stem bark of commiphora pedunculata. the structures of these compounds were elucidated based on extensive analysis of their spectral data, including 1 and 2d nmr. the compounds were active against 9 out of 12 tested microorganisms including a resista ...201625978097
effect of uv-c light on the microbial and sensory quality of seasoned dried seafood.this study investigated the effects of different doses of uv-c light at 253.7 nm (0-18 kj/m(2)) on the reduction of escherichia coli,staphylococcus aureus and bacillus cereus in contaminated seasoned dried filefish (thamnaconus modestus) and sliced squid (todarodes pacificus) surfaces and sensory quality. the counts of all three bacteria were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by the increase of uv-c dosage.e. coli,s. aureus and b. cereus on filefish with 18 kj/m(2)of uv-c maximally reduced by 2.7 ...201625967394
biogenic silver and gold nanoparticles synthesized using red ginseng root extract, and their applications.in the present study, we report a green methodology for the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles, using the root extract of the herbal medicinal plant korean red ginseng. the silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized within 1 h and 10 min respectively. the nanoparticles generated were not aggregated, and remained stable for a long time, which suggests the nature of nanoparticles. the phytochemicals and ginsenosides present in the root extract assist in reducing and stabilizing the syn ...201625706249
investigation of an outbreak of vomiting in nurseries in south east england, may 2012.on 30 may 2012, surrey and sussex health protection unit was called by five nurseries reporting children and staff with sudden onset vomiting approximately an hour after finishing their lunch that day. over the following 24 h 50 further nurseries supplied by the same company reported cases of vomiting (182 children, 18 staff affected). epidemiological investigations were undertaken in order to identify the cause of the outbreak and prevent further cases. investigations demonstrated a nursery-lev ...201626165194
cleanliness of linen and clothing items professionally laundered or dry-cleaned.we asked 14 professional cleaners (laundry services) to clean various unused (new) linen and clothing items with a microbial contamination level of <1 cfu/cm(2) and then evaluated the bacterial/fungal contamination of the laundered or dry-cleaned items. after laundering, 6 (21.4%) of the 28 samples from 4 of the 14 cleaners (28.6%) were contaminated (1-1,200 cfu/cm(2)). after dry-cleaning, 2 (7.1%) of the 28 samples from 2 (14.3%) of the 14 cleaners were contaminated (7-10 cfu/cm(2)). the main c ...201626073734
design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-benzoyl-1-dichlorobenzoylthiosemicarbazides as potent gram-positive antibacterial agents.twelve 4-benzoyl-1-dichlorobenzoylthiosemicarbazides have been tested as potential antibacterials. all the compounds had mics between 0.49 and 15.63 µg/ml toward micrococcus luteus, bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus epidermidis indicating, in most cases, equipotent or even more effective action than cefuroxime. in order to clarify if the observed antibacterial effects are universal, further research were undertaken to test inhibitory potency of two most potent compounds 3 and ...201625897586
chemical constituents and biological activities of albizia myriophylla wood.albizia myriophylla benth (leguminosae) is a medicinal plant widely used in thailand and other asian countries as a folk medicine remedy for many ailments.201625894212
influence of season and type of restaurants on sashimi microbiota.in recent years, an increase in the consumption of japanese food in european countries has been verified, including in portugal. these specialities made with raw fish, typical japanese meals, have been prepared in typical and on non-typical restaurants, and represent a challenge to risk analysis on haccp plans. the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the type of restaurant, season and type of fish used on sashimi microbiota.201626911490
occurrence and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of bacterial pathogens isolated from diarrheal patients in pakistan.to determine the occurrence of bacterial pathogens responsible for diarrhea and to engender information regarding the effectiveness of commonly used antibiotic against diarrhea.201626905349
isolation, purification and characterization of antimicrobial protein from seedlings of bauhinia purpurea l.a novel antimicrobial protein was purified from the seedlings of bauhinia purpurea by sequential procedures entailing ammonium sulfate precipitation, cation exchange chromatography, preparative native-page and a yield of 2.7% was obtained from the crude extract. the purified antimicrobial protein appeared as a single protein band on sds-page with the molecular mass of 20.9 kda. purified antimicrobial protein exhibited a potent antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative b ...201626780468
antimicrobial effects of marine algal extracts and cyanobacterial pure compounds against five foodborne pathogens.the marine environment is a proven source of structurally complex and biologically active compounds. in this study, the antimicrobial effects of a small collection of marine-derived extracts and isolates, were evaluated against 5 foodborne pathogens using a broth dilution assay. results demonstrated that algal extracts from padina and ulva species and cyanobacterial compounds antillatoxin b, laxaphycins a, b and b3, isomalyngamide a, and malyngamides c, i and j showed antimicrobial activity agai ...201626775951
genomic characterization and comparison of seven myoviridae bacteriophage infecting bacillus thuringiensis.bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki, a bacterium that is a source of biopesticides and a safe simulant for pathogenic bacillus species, was used to isolate seven unique bacteriophages. the phage genomes were sequenced and ranged in size from 158,100 to 163,019 bp encoding 290-299 genes, and the gc content of ~38% was similar to that of the host bacterium. all phages had terminal repeats 2-3 kb long. three of the phages encoded trnas and three contained a self-splicing intron in the dna polymerase ge ...201626773385
molecular phylogeny of heterotrophic nitrifiers and aerobic denitrifiers and their potential role in ammonium removal.to investigate the physiology and taxonomic composition of the key players of nitrification and denitrification processes in paddy fields, culture dependent and independent studies have been carried out. a total of 28 bacterial strains have been screened in which six were capable of reducing nitrate and nitrite as well as having significant ammonium removal potential. 16s rrna-pcr-dgge-based molecular typing of enriched batch culture was done with time duration to explore and identify dominant a ...201627037833
antibody binding studies reveal conformational flexibility of the bacillus cereus non-hemolytic enterotoxin (nhe) a-component.the non-hemolytic enterotoxin complex (nhe) is supposed to be the main virulence factor of b. cereus causing a diarrheal outcome of food poisoning. this tripartite toxin consists of the single components nhea, -b and -c all of them being necessary for maximum toxicity. in the past, research activities aiming to elucidate the mode-of-action of nhe were mostly focused on the b- and c-component. in this study the generation of novel monoclonal antibodies (mab) and their thorough characterization en ...201627768742
the heat resistance and spoilage potential of aerobic mesophilic and thermophilic spore forming bacteria isolated from chinese milk powders.the propensity for aerobic bacilli and allied genera to produce highly heat-resistant spores and thermally stable spoilage enzymes are major bacteriological issues faced by the dairy industry. most of the enzymes are able to survive any heat treatment applied during the manufacture of milk powders and have the potential to remain active in milk powders and other dairy products during storage, and may explain some of the sensory and functionality defects reported in dairy products. despite many r ...201627657656
identification of pyridine synthase recognition sequences allows a modular solid-phase route to thiopeptide variants.thiopeptides are structurally complex, bioactive natural products derived from ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides. a remarkable set of enzymes were recently revealed to catalyze the formation of the core trithiazolylpyridine of thiopeptides via a formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition. these pyridine synthases typically act late in thiopeptide biosynthesis to affect macrocyclization and cleavage of the n-terminal leader peptide, making them potentially useful biocatalysts f ...201627575591
teaching neuroimages: diffuse cerebral vasospasm and multiple intracranial abscesses from bacillus cereus. 201627572436
a catalytic role for c-h/π interactions in base excision repair by bacillus cereus dna glycosylase alkd.dna glycosylases protect genomic integrity by locating and excising aberrant nucleobases. substrate recognition and excision usually take place in an extrahelical conformation, which is often stabilized by π-stacking interactions between the lesion nucleobase and aromatic side chains in the glycosylase active site. bacillus cereus alkd is the only dna glycosylase known to catalyze base excision without extruding the damaged nucleotide from the dna helix. instead of contacting the nucleobase itse ...201627571247
activation of the class ib ribonucleotide reductase by a flavodoxin reductase in bacillus cereus.to reduce ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides, the manganese-bound form of class ib ribonucleotide reductase (rnr) must be activated via a pathway that involves redox protein(s). the reduced flavoprotein nrdi is an important protein in this pathway, as it reduces dioxygen to superoxide. superoxide then reacts with the rnr mn(ii)2 site to generate a tyrosyl radical that is required for catalysis. a native nrdi reductase has not yet been identified. we herein demonstrate through kinetic and sp ...201627559930
rapid detection of cronobacter sakazakii by real-time pcr based on the cgca gene and taqman probe with internal amplification control.cronobacter sakazakii is a severe virulent strain that is frequently detected in powdered infant formula (pif). therefore, it is necessary to develop a fast and specific detection method. the specificity of our newly developed quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr) was validated with dna from 46 strains. among them, 12 c. sakazakii strains were correctly amplified, whereas no positive florescent signal was observed from 34 nontarget controls. the detection limit of c. sakazakii was about 110 cfu/m ...201626751178
advanced molecular diagnostic techniques for detection of food-borne pathogens; current applications and future challenges.the elimination of disease-causing microbes from the food supply is a primary goal and this review deals with the overall techniques availavle for detection of food-borne pathogens. now-a-days conventional methods are replaced by advanced methods like biosensors, nucleic acid-based tests (nat) and different pcr based techniques used in molecular biology to identify specific pathogens. bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, proteus vulgaris, escherichia coli, campylobacter, listeria monocytogene ...201626745757
transcriptome analysis of bacillus thuringiensis spore life, germination and cell outgrowth in a vegetable-based food model.toxigenic species belonging to bacillus cereus sensu lato, including bacillus thuringiensis, cause foodborne outbreaks thanks to their capacity to survive as spores and to grow in food matrixes. the goal of this work was to assess by means of a genome-wide transcriptional assay, in the food isolate b. thuringiensis uc10070, the gene expression behind the process of spore germination and consequent outgrowth in a vegetable-based food model. scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray ...201626742618
safety of street-vended soy wara in nigeria.soy wara is a common ready-to-eat food whose production and sale are currently unregulated. microbiological sampling indicated that 21% of the samples had standard plate counts exceeding 100,000 cfu/g, and 14% had staphylococcus aureus counts higher than 100,000 cfu/g. the occurrence of s. aureus at these levels can result in food poisoning. listeria monocytogenes was isolated in 14.4% of the samples, although the counts were generally low, typically <1,000 cfu/g. although counts of l. monocytog ...201626735046
microbiological analysis of rice cake processing in korea.this study was conducted to evaluate the microbial contamination in rice cake materials and products during processing and in the operation environment in nonhazard analysis [and] critical control point factories. furthermore, the environmental health of the processing facilities and the bacterial and fungal contamination on the workers' hands were investigated. pour plate methods were used for enumeration of aerobic plate count (apc), yeast and molds (ym), bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus ...201626735044
butanol production under microaerobic conditions with a symbiotic system of clostridium acetobutylicum and bacillus cereus.one major problem of abe (acetone, butanol and ethanol) fermentation is high oxygen sensitivity of clostridium acetobutylicum. currently, no single strain has been isolated or genetically engineered to produce butanol effectively under aerobic conditions. in our previous work, a symbiotic system tsh06 has been developed successfully by our group, and two strains, c. acetobutylicum tsh1 and bacillus cereus tsh2, were isolated from tsh06.201626762531
microbiology of corneal wounds after cataract surgery: biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance patterns.to evaluate the bacterial flora of corneal wounds at the end of cataract surgery before intracameral antibiotic use and to determine agents to treat postoperative endophthalmitis, the potential for biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance.201626762493
antibacterial effects of alchornea cordifolia (schumach. and thonn.) müll. arg extracts and compounds on gastrointestinal, skin, respiratory and urinary tract pathogens.the leaves, stems and roots of alchornea cordifolia (schumach. and thonn.) müll. arg. are used as traditional medicine in many african countries for the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory and urinary tract infections as well as for the treatment of wounds.201626724423
effects of potential probiotic bacillus cereus en25 on growth, immunity and disease resistance of juvenile sea cucumber apostichopus japonicus.this study was conducted to determine effects of potential probiotic bacillus cereus en25 (isolated from mud of sea cucumber culturing water bodies) on growth, immunity and disease resistance against vibrio splendidus infection in juvenile sea cucumbers apostichopus japonicus. animals were respectively fed diets with b. cereus en25 at 0 (control), 10(5), 10(7) and 10(9) cfu/g for 30 days. results showed that dietary b. cereus en25 had no significant effects on growth, total coelomocytes counts a ...201626723266
synthesis of sic/ag/cellulose nanocomposite and its antibacterial activity by reactive oxygen species generation.we describe the synthesis of nanocomposites, based on nanofibers of silicon carbide, silver nanoparticles, and cellulose. silver nanoparticle synthesis was achieved with chemical reduction using hydrazine by adding two different surfactants to obtain a nanocomposite with silver nanoparticles of different diameters. determination of antibacterial activity was based on respiration tests. enzymatic analysis indicates oxidative stress, and viability testing was conducted using an epifluorescence mic ...201628335299
bio-prospecting of cuttle fish waste and cow dung for the production of fibrinolytic enzyme from bacillus cereus ind5 in solid state fermentation.the process parameters governing the production of fibrinolytic enzyme in solid state fermentation employing bacillus cereus ind5 and using cuttle fish waste and cow dung substrate were optimized. the ph value of the medium, moisture content, sucrose, casein and magnesium sulfate were considered for two-level full factorial design and ph, casein and magnesium sulfate were identified as the important factors for fibrinolytic enzyme production. central composite design was applied to investigate t ...201628330303
in vitro cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of silver-coated electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatine nanofibrous scaffolds.the development of nano-sized scaffolds with antibacterial properties that mimic the architecture of tissue is one of the challenges in tissue engineering. in this study, polycaprolactone (pcl) and pcl/gelatine (ge) (70:30) nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated using a less toxic and common solvent, formic acid and an electrospinning technique. nanofibrous scaffolds were coated with silver (ag) in different concentrations of silver nitrate (agno3) aqueous solution (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 %) by usi ...201628330282
biodegradation of real petroleum wastewater by immobilized hyper phenol-tolerant strains of bacillus cereus in a fluidized bed bioreactor.microbial bioremediation of petroleum wastewater by phenol-degrading-bacteria holds promise in circumventing the issue of petroleum-spill related pollution. herein, biodegradation of petroleum wastewater samples collected from oil refinery site was carried out in a fluidized bed bioreactor by ca-alginate immobilized biomass of phenol-degrading strains of bacillus cereus (akg1 mtcc9817 and akg2 mtcc9818). degradation performance of the system was evaluated by measuring the changes in chemical oxy ...201628330209
isolation and characterization of bacterial endophytes of curcuma longa l.fourteen endophytic bacterial isolates were isolated from the rhizome of curcuma longa l. were characterized on the basis of morphology, biochemical characteristics and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. the isolates were identified to six strains namely bacillus cereus (ecl1), bacillus thuringiensis (ecl2), bacillus sp. (ecl3), bacillus pumilis (ecl4), pseudomonas putida (ecl5), and clavibacter michiganensis (ecl6). all the strains produced iaa and solubilized phosphate and only two strains produ ...201628330130
production of γ-cyclodextrin by bacillus cereus cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase using extractive bioconversion in polymer-salt aqueous two-phase system.aqueous two-phase system (atps) extractive bioconversion provides a technique which integrates bioconversion and purification into a single step process. extractive bioconversion of gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-cd) from soluble starch with cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase, ec 2.4.1.19) enzyme derived from bacillus cereus was evaluated using polyethylene glycol (peg)/potassium phosphate based on atps. the optimum condition was attained in the atps constituted of 30.0% (w/w) peg 3000 g/mol and 7. ...201626702953
comparative elimination of dimethyl disulfide by maifanite and ceramic-packed biotrickling filters and their response to microbial community.unpleasant odor emissions have traditionally occupied an important role in environmental concern. in this paper, twin biotrickling filters (btfs) packed with different packing materials, seeded with bacillus cereus gigan2, were successfully constructed to purify gaseous dimethyl disulfide (dmds). the maifanite-packed btf showed superior biodegradation capability to the ceramic-packed counterpart in terms of removal efficiency and elimination capacity under similar conditions. at an empty bed res ...201626702514
biocatalytic resolution of rac-α-ethyl-2-oxo-pyrrolidineacetic acid methyl ester by immobilized recombinant bacillus cereus esterase.a new esterase-producing strain (bacillus cereus wzz001) which exhibiting high hydrolytic activity and excellent enantioselectivity on rac-α-ethyl-2-oxo-pyrrolidineacetic acid methyl ester (r, s-1) has been isolated from soil sample by our laboratory. in this study, the stereoselective hydrolysis of (r, s-1) was performed using the recombinant bacillus cereus esterase which expressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). under the optimized conditions of ph 8.0, 35 °c, and concentration of substrate 4 ...201626695776
the effects of citrus extract (citrox©) on the naturally occurring microflora and inoculated pathogens, bacillus cereus and salmonella enterica, in a model food system and the traditional greek yogurt-based salad tzatziki.the antimicrobial effect of citrus extract (at 1 ml/kg [tc1] and 2 ml/kg [tc2]) on the naturally occurring microflora and inoculated pathogens (bacillus cereus and salmonella enterica, at ca. 6 log cfu/g) in the traditional greek yogurt-based salad tzatziki during storage under vacuum at 4 or 10 °c was examined. we also examined the effect of citrus extract (citrox(©)) against the two aforementioned pathogens in tryptic soy broth (tsb). of the two treatments, tc2 yielded the lowest yeast counts, ...201626678142
lipase-catalyzed synthesis of palmitanilide: kinetic model and antimicrobial activity study.enzymatic syntheses of fatty acid anilides are important owing to their wide range of industrial applications in detergents, shampoo, cosmetics, and surfactant formulations. the amidation reaction of mucor miehei lipase lipozyme im20 was investigated for direct amidation of triacylglycerol in organic solvents. the process parameters (reaction temperature, substrate molar ratio, enzyme amount) were optimized to achieve the highest yield of anilide. the maximum yield of palmitanilide (88.9%) was a ...201626672452
formation of small transmembrane pores: an intermediate stage on the way to bacillus cereus non-hemolytic enterotoxin (nhe) full pores in the absence of nhea.the non-hemolytic enterotoxin (nhe) of bacillus cereus is a three-partite toxin formed of the components nhea, -b and -c. pore formation and subsequent lysis of target cells caused by nhe is an orchestrated process comprising three steps: (i) formation of nheb/c oligomers in solution, (ii) attachment of the oligomers to the cell membrane, (iii) binding of nhea to the oligomers. the present study aimed to characterize the properties of the nheb/c complex and the fate of the target cell upon bindi ...201626654951
detection of multiple resistances, biofilm formation and conjugative transfer of bacillus cereus from contaminated soils.the purpose of this study was to detect microbial resistances to a set of antibiotics/pesticides (multi-resistance) within pesticide and antibiotic-contaminated alluvial soils and to identify the corresponding antibiotic resistance genes (args). to assess whether identified multi-resistant isolates are able to construct biofilms, several biofilm formation and conjugation experiments were conducted. out of 35 isolates, six strains were used for filter mating experiments. nine strains were identif ...201626650381
effects of electrolyzed oxidizing water on inactivation of bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus spores in suspension and on carriers.spores of some bacillus species are responsible for food spoilage and foodborne disease. these spores are highly resistant to various interventions and cooking processes. in this study, the sporicidal efficacy of acidic electrolyzed oxidizing (eo) water (aew) and slightly acidic eo water (saew) with available chlorine concentration (acc) of 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg/l and treatment time for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 min were tested on bacillus subtilis and bacillus cereus spores in suspension and o ...201626642381
recovery and purification of chitosanase produced by bacillus cereus using expanded bed adsorption and central composite design.this study presents a system for expanded bed adsorption for the purification of chitosanase from broth extract in a single step. a chitosanase-producing strain was isolated and identified as bacillus cereus c-01 and used to produce chitosanases. the expanded bed adsorption conditions for chitosanase purification were optimized statistically using streamline(tm) deae and a homemade column (2.6 × 30.0 cm). dependent variables were defined by the quality criteria purification factor (p) and enzyme ...201626638991
effect of seed pelleting with biocontrol agents on growth and colonisation of roots of mungbean by root-infecting fungi.mungbean (vigna radiata (l.) wilczek) is a leguminous pulse crop that is a major source of proteins, vitamins and minerals. root-infecting fungi produce severe plant diseases like root rot, charcoal rot, damping-off and stem rot. the soil-borne pathogens can be controlled by chemicals, but these chemicals have several negative effects. use of microbial antagonist such as fungi and bacteria is a safe, effective and eco-friendly method for the control of many soil-borne pathogens. biological contr ...201626619828
streptomyces strains producing mitochondriotoxic antimycin a found in cereal grains.reasons for mammalian cell toxicity observed in barley and spring wheat grains were sought. streptomyces sp. isolates from wheat and barley produced heat-stable methanol-soluble substances which inhibited the motility of exposed porcine spermatozoa used as a toxicity indicator. several barley isolates produced antimycin a (2 to 5 ng/mg wet wt of biomass), a macrolide antibiotic known to block oxygen utilization in mitochondria. the antimycin-producing isolates were members of the streptomyces al ...201626619316
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