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cat-scratch disease: ocular manifestations and visual outcome.to describe the intra-ocular manifestations of cat-scratch disease (csd) found at two uveitis reference centers in brazil. retrospective case series study. review of clinical records of patients diagnosed with csd in the uveitis department of são geraldo hospital and the ophthalmology department of the instituto de pesquisa clínica evandro chagas-fiocruz, from 2001 to 2008. in the 8-year period, 24 patients with the diagnosis of csd were identified. twelve patients were male and 12 female. the m ...201020668914
occlusive vasculitis and optic disk neovascularization associated with neuroretinitis.to report a case of neuroretinitis associated with ischemic nasal branch retinal vein occlusion, periphlebitis, and neovascularization of the optic disk.201021034304
human isolates of bartonella tamiae induce pathology in experimentally inoculated immunocompetent mice.bartonella tamiae, a newly described bacterial species, was isolated from the blood of three hospitalized patients in thailand. these patients presented with headache, myalgia, anemia, and mild liver function abnormalities. since b. tamiae was presumed to be the cause of their illness, these isolates were inoculated into immunocompetent mice to determine their relative pathogenicity in inducing manifestations of disease and pathology similar to that observed in humans.201020673363
ocular bacillary angiomatosis in an immunocompromised man.an immunocompromised man presented with an inflammatory eyelid lesion. biopsy was performed; histopathology and special staining confirmed a diagnosis of bacillary angiomatosis. the man was treated with oral erythromycin, and the lesion resolved. the etiologic agents of bacillary angiomatosis are bartonella henselae and bartonella quintana, gram-negative coccobacilli. the organisms stain positively with the warthin-starry silver stain. lesions can be cutaneous or visceral and have been commonly ...201020683276
prevalence of selected vector-borne organisms and identification of bartonella species dna in north american river otters (lontra canadensis).trapper-killed north american river otters (lontra canadensis) in north carolina, usa, were screened for multiple vector-borne bacteria known to be pathogenic to mammals. blood was collected from 30 carcasses in 2006, from 35 in 2007, and from one live otter in 2008. samples were screened using conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) tests for dna from bartonella spp., ehrlichia spp., and spotted fever group rickettsia spp. all samples were negative for rickettsia spp. twelve of 30 samples ...201020688703
identification of candidate proteins for the diagnosis of bartonella henselae infections using an immunoproteomic approach.bartonella henselae is an emerging gram-negative facultative intracellular pathogen transmitted via ctenocephalides felis (cat fleas) or cat scratches. bartonellosis is present mainly in the form of cat scratch disease (csd), bacillary angiomatosis and infective endocarditis (ie). the methods used to diagnose b. henselae rely on culturing, immunofluorescent assays and molecular techniques. the objective of the present study was to identify candidate proteins for the serodiagnosis of bartonellosi ...201020695898
suspected needle stick transmission of bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii to a veterinarian. 201020695992
real-time and multiplex real-time polymerase chain reactions for the detection of bartonella henselae within cat flea, ctenocephalides felis, samples.bartonella henselae (rhizobiales: bartonellacae), the agent of cat-scratch disease, is an emerging bacterial pathogen which can be transmitted via infective faecal material of ctenocephalides felis bouché (siphonaptera: pulicidae). worldwide, b. henselae has been identified in 1-53% of felines and 2.9-17.4% of fleas. although culture is the routine method for detection, the procedure is time-consuming and is rarely used for isolation directly from flea vectors. the current study reports the deve ...201020704655
bartonella species, feline herpesvirus-1, and toxoplasma gondii pcr assay results from blood and aqueous humor samples from 104 cats with naturally occurring endogenous uveitis.toxoplasma gondii, bartonella henselae and feline herpesvirus-1 (fhv-1) have been implicated as causative agents in feline uveitis. the usefulness of serum and aqueous humor (ah) antibody testing for these agents is limited as antibodies can be detected in both healthy cats and cats with uveitis. very few studies using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays to amplify organism dna from samples from cats with uveitis have been performed. in this study, assays to detect t gondii antibodies, feline ...201020817587
the occurrence of spotted fever rickettsioses and other tick-borne infections in forest workers in poland.abstract the presence of antibodies to rickettsia conorii, r. helvetica, r. felis, r. slovaca, r. sibirica, and r. massiliae in sera of 129 forest workers from northeastern and southern poland was assayed by indirect immunofluorescence. previous environmental studies revealed presence of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae in ticks collected from these areas. additionally, the workers were examinated for the presence of antibodies specific to other tick-borne bacteria: anaplasma phagocytophilu ...201021083370
oral shedding of bartonella in cats: correlation with bacteremia and seropositivity.cats are the main reservoirs of zoonotic bartonella henselae, b. clarridgeiae and b. koehlerae, transmitted among cats by cat fleas. no study has investigated the presence of bartonella in the saliva of bacteremic and non-bacteremic cats to correlate it to the level of bacteremia and the presence or absence of oral lesions. shelter cats from northern california (n=130) and michigan (n=50) were tested for bartonella bacteremia by blood culture, presence of bartonella antibodies and bartonella dna ...201020646879
[cat-scratch disease]. 201020942049
refractory bartonella quintana bacillary angiomatosis following chemotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.bacillary angiomatosis is a well-recognized infection with cutaneous and systemic manifestations caused by bartonella henselae or bartonella quintana and occurs in immunocompromised patients. we report a case of b. quintana bacillary angiomatosis following fludarabine-based chemotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia that was refractory to standard treatment and was complicated by lymphadenopathy and osteomyelitis.201020947664
isolation of bartonella capreoli from elk.the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of bartonella infections in elk populations. we report the isolation of four bartonella strains from 55 elk blood samples. sequencing analysis demonstrated that all four strains belong to bartonella capreoli, a bacterium that was originally described in the wild roe deer of europe. our finding first time demonstrated that b. capreoli has a wide geographic range, and that elk may be another host for this bacterium. further investigation ...201020961711
hiv-negative case of bacillary angiomatosis with chronic hepatitis b.bacillary angiomatosis (ba) is an infectious disease which occurs predominantly in immunosuppressive patients and rarely in immunocompetent individuals. we had a case of ba who presented with a red cutaneous nodule on his left leg of which histopathological examination revealed marked lobular proliferation of capillaries throughout the interstitium and clusters of bacilli with hematoxylin-eosin and warthin-starry stains, respectively. antibody titer against bartonella henselae was 1/32. the only ...201020649715
bacillary angiomatosis in a pregnant woman. 201020650456
[treatment of human infections caused by bartonella spp.].infections by bartonella spp. include a wide spectrum of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. there is not a universal therapy for this infection, therefore treatment should be chosen individually. the aim of this review is to update the therapeutics aspects of this kind of infections.201020844840
enrichment culture and molecular identification of diverse bartonella species in stray dogs.using pre-enrichment culture in bartonella alpha-proteobacteria growth medium (bapgm) followed by pcr amplification and dna sequence identification that targeted a fragment of the citrate synthase gene (glta), we provide evidence of common bartonella infections and diverse bartonella species in the blood of stray dogs from bangkok and khon kaen, thailand. the overall prevalence of all bartonella species was 31.3% (60/192), with 27.9% (31/111) and 35.8% (29/81) in the stray dogs from bangkok and ...201020570065
association between bartonella species infection and disease in pet cats as determined using serology and culture.this study's objective was to determine whether a relationship exists between infection or seropositivity to bartonella species and clinical illness in cats. blood samples were obtained for bartonella species isolation and immunofluorescent antibody serology from 298 cats presenting to a tertiary referral hospital. medical records were searched and the history, physical examination findings and the results of diagnostic testing relating to the visit at which bartonella species testing was perfor ...201020570199
evidence of transfer by conjugation of type iv secretion system genes between bartonella species and rhizobium radiobacter in amoeba.bartonella species cospeciate with mammals and live within erythrocytes. even in these specific niches, it has been recently suggested by bioinformatic analysis of full genome sequences that lateral gene transfer (lgt) may occur but this has never been demonstrated biologically. here we describe the sequence of the b. rattaustraliani (aust/nh4(t)) circular plasmid (pnh4) that encodes the tra cluster of the type iv secretion system (t4ss) and we eventually provide evidence that bartonella species ...201020856925
infective endocarditis in dogs: diagnosis and therapy.infective endocarditis (ie) is a bacterial disease that commonly occurs in dogs. difficulty in diagnosis and underreporting of ie in dogs contribute to the reported low prevalence rate of the disease. the mitral and aortic valves are the worst affected by ie. common causative microbial agents include staphylococcus spp, streptococcus spp, escherichia coli, and bartonella spp. congestive heart failure, immune-mediated disease, and thromboembolism are the major complications of ie. diagnosis of ie ...201020610018
does a feline leukemia virus infection pave the way for bartonella henselae infection in cats?domestic cats serve as the reservoir hosts of bartonella henselae and may develop mild clinical symptoms or none after experimental infection. in humans, b. henselae infection can result in self-limiting cat scratch disease. however, immunocompromised patients may suffer from more-severe courses of infection or may even develop the potentially lethal disease bacillary angiomatosis. it was reasoned that cats with immunocompromising viral infections may react similarly to b. henselae infection. th ...201020610682
identification of the feline humoral immune response to bartonella henselae infection by protein microarray.bartonella henselae is the zoonotic agent of cat scratch disease and causes potentially fatal infections in immunocompromised patients. understanding the complex interactions between the host's immune system and bacterial pathogens is central to the field of infectious diseases and to the development of effective diagnostics and vaccines.201020625509
pathogens and symbionts in ticks: a survey on tick species distribution and presence of tick-transmitted micro-organisms in sardinia, italy.a total of 1485 adult ticks were collected from mammalian hosts in south-eastern sardinia, italy, during the years 2007-2008. ticks were identified and tested by pcr analysis for presence of rickettsia species of the spotted fever group, ehrlichia canis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, coxiella burnetii, bartonella species and leishmania species. among all tick species examined (rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhipicephalus turanicus, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus pusillus, hyalomma marginatum margina ...201020884769
bartonella species in small mammals and their ectoparasites in taiwan.bartonella spp. prevalence in small mammals and their ectoparasites was investigated in taiwan. blood samples were obtained from 66 rats, 20 shrews, 276 mites (laelaps spp.), 74 fleas (xenopsylla cheopis), 81 lice (polyplax spp.), and 47 ticks (41 dermacentor spp. and 6 ixodes spp.). bartonellae were isolated or detected in 27 (31.4%) animals. bartonella dna was detected in 48 (64.9%) fleas and 11 (64.7%) pooled lice samples, but not in mite and tick samples. bartonella phoceensis, b. queensland ...201020889892
neuroretinitis caused by bartonella henselae (cat-scratch disease) in a 13-year-old girl.cat-scratch disease-related neuroretinitis is a relatively unusual pathology, with suspicious clinical epidemiological and serological diagnosis. we present a case of an adolescent suffering from unilateral neuroretinitis associated with bartonella henselae infection characterized by abrupt loss of vision, optic disc swelling, and macular star exudates with optimal response to antibiotic treatment.201020628521
bartonellosis diagnosis requires careful evaluation. 201020835501
comprehensive diagnostic strategy for blood culture-negative endocarditis: a prospective study of 819 new cases.background. blood culture-negative endocarditis (bcne) may account for up to 31% of all cases of endocarditis. methods. we used a prospective, multimodal strategy incorporating serological, molecular, and histopathological assays to investigate specimens from 819 patients suspected of having bcne. results. diagnosis of endocarditis was first ruled out for 60 patients. among 759 patients with bcne, a causative microorganism was identified in 62.7%, and a noninfective etiology in 2.5%. blood was t ...201020540619
cat scratch disease and arthropod vectors: more to it than a scratch?cat scratch disease is a common infection, particularly in children, and clinicians need to be aware of its potential transmission to humans by arthropod vectors such as fleas and ticks in addition to animal bites and scratches. the absence of a vertebrate bite or scratch does not preclude infection with bartonella henselae.201020823366
the trw type iv secretion system of bartonella mediates host-specific adhesion to erythrocytes.bacterial pathogens typically infect only a limited range of hosts; however, the genetic mechanisms governing host-specificity are poorly understood. the alpha-proteobacterial genus bartonella comprises 21 species that cause host-specific intraerythrocytic bacteremia as hallmark of infection in their respective mammalian reservoirs, including the human-specific pathogens bartonella quintana and bartonella bacilliformis that cause trench fever and oroya fever, respectively. here, we have identifi ...201020548954
skin diseases associated with bartonella infection: facts and controversies.the genus bartonella is composed of a series of species and subspecies. ten of them are responsible for human infections. the best-identified diseases are cat scratch disease (b henselae and possibly b clarridgeiae), trench fever (b quintana), bacillary angiomatosis (b quintana and b henselae), and the spectrum of verruga peruana, carrion disease, and oroya fever (b bacilliformis). controversies exist about the implication of a few other microorganisms being involved in these diseases. several o ...201020797506
bartonella genotypes in fleas (insecta: siphonaptera) collected from rodents in the negev desert, israel.fleas collected from rodents in the negev desert in southern israel were molecularly screened for bartonella species. a total of 1,148 fleas, collected from 122 rodents belonging to six species, were pooled in 245 pools based on flea species, sex, and rodent host species. two bartonella gene fragments, corresponding to rna polymerase b (rpob) and citrate synthase (glta), were targeted, and 94 and 74 flea pools were found positive by pcr, respectively. the bartonella 16s-23s internal transcribed ...201020802081
[traveler's fever associated with cervical adenomegaly and antibodies for bartonella sp in a brazilian patient returning from south africa].a large number of travelers visit the african continent annually for studying, tourism or business reasons. the authors report a case of cervical adenomegaly, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly associated with a two-week history of fever and seropositivity for bartonella sp in a 22-year-old female patient who returned from south africa after field work with primates in a wild area.201020802956
pcr amplification of bartonella koehlerae from human blood and enrichment blood cultures.abstract:201020735840
expressive aphasia as a presentation of encephalitis with bartonella henselae infection in an immunocompetent adult.to show the first clinically reported case of cat scratch disease (csd) presenting as a focal neurologic deficit in an immunocompetent adult.201020589186
prevention of endemic canine vector-borne diseases using imidacloprid 10% and permethrin 50% in young dogs: a longitudinal field study.canine vector-borne diseases (cvbds) are highly prevalent and increasing in distribution worldwide. a longitudinal study was conducted in southern italy to determine the incidence of and protection against cvbd-causing pathogens in dogs treated with a combination of imidacloprid 10% and permethrin 50% (imper). one hundred eleven autochthonous young dogs were divided into group a (n=63) and group b (n=48), both groups containing dogs positive and negative for one or more cvbd-causing pathogens. a ...201020591573
molecular typing of bartonella henselae dna extracted from human clinical specimens and cat isolates in japan.bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat scratch disease (csd). to clarify the population structure and relationship between human and cat strains of b. henselae, 55 specimens isolated in japan, including 24 b. henselae dna-positive clinical samples from csd patients and 31 b. henselae isolates from domestic cats, were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and the 16s-23s trna-ala/trna-ile intergenic spacer (s1) sequence, which were used previously for strain typing of b. h ...201020602637
bartonellosis: an emerging infectious disease of zoonotic importance to animals and human beings.to provide a review of clinically relevant observations related to bartonella species as emerging pathogens in veterinary and human medicine.201020230432
conventional and molecular diagnostic testing for the acute neurologic patient.the aim of this review is to describe and evaluate both conventional and molecular diagnostic testing utilized in dogs and cats with acute neurologic diseases. various types of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) are explored along with novel molecular diagnostic testing that ultimately may prove useful in the critical care setting.201020230434
feline hemotropic mycoplasmas.to describe the current understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis (feline infectious anemia).201020230435
detection and genetic diversity of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii strains isolated from dogs in ankara, turkey.bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii has been identified as an important pathogen in dogs and is an emerging pathogen in people with zoonotic potential. this study aimed to isolate bartonella spp. in 250 blood samples collected from dogs in the province of ankara, turkey, between october 2006 and march 2007. the typing of the 23 isolates was carried out by pcr for citrate synthase (glta) and the 16s-23s intergenic transcribed spacer (its). the prevalence of bacteremia was 9.2% in 250 samples. a ...201020234114
effects of prolonged formalin fixation on the immunohistochemical detection of infectious agents in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues.immunohistochemistry is commonly used to detect and characterize infectious agents in diagnostic pathology. the principal advantage of immunohistochemistry over other antigen detection techniques is the ability to identify antigen within the context of histologic lesions. although epitope masking attributed to formalin fixation, especially prolonged fixation, has been considered a limiting factor in diagnostic immunohistochemistry, only a few studies have evaluated the immunohistochemical detect ...201020332424
[a clinical case of spontaneous involution of systemic cat scratch disease].typical cat-scratch disease (csd) manifests as regional lymphadenopathy following cat scratch and sometimes associated with mild fever. there is a lot of atypical manifestations and some of those have systemic involvement. hepatosplenic csd is a systemic presentation associating fever of unknown origin with nodules in the liver and/or the spleen. ultrasound abdominal examination shows nodules (3-30 mm) in the spleen and/or in the liver. diagnostic is based on serology for b henselae (always igg ...201020344917
blood donor infected with bartonella henselae. 201020345384
isolation and characterization of bartonella strains in cats in italy.bartonella henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae were isolated in two cats in sardinia, italy. infection by b. clarridgeiae was characterized by fever and submandibular lymph nodes enlargement while b. henselae infection was asymptomatic. this is the first report of b. clarridgeiae in a cat in italy and the first isolation of b. henselae and b. clarridgeiae in sardinia.201020345572
bacillary angiomatosis in an immunosuppressed dog.abstract a dog being treated with immunosuppressive doses of prednisone and azathioprine for pancytopenia of unknown origin, developed, over a 2-week period, multiple erythematous nodular lesions in the skin including footpads. skin samples revealed lesions identical to those of human bacillary angiomatosis (ba). the nodules were composed of multifocal proliferations of capillaries, each lined by protuberant endothelial cells. the capillary clusters were separated by an oedematous connective tis ...201020374571
[application of warthin-starry stain, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy in diagnosis of cat scratch disease].to evaluate the diagnostic utility of warthin-starry silver stain, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy in the detection of human bartonella henselae infection and pathologic diagnosis of cat scratch disease (csd).201020654119
evaluation of topical application of 10% imidacloprid-1% moxidectin to prevent bartonella henselae transmission from cat fleas.to determine whether monthly topical administration of a combination of 10% imidacloprid and 1% moxidectin would lessen flea (ctenocephalides felis) transmission of bartonella henselae among cats.201020392182
molecular evidence of perinatal transmission of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and bartonella henselae to a child.bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, bartonella henselae, or dna of both organisms was amplified and sequenced from blood, enrichment blood cultures, or autopsy tissues from four family members. historical and microbiological results support perinatal transmission of bartonella species in this family. it is of clinical relevance that bartonella spp. may adversely influence human reproductive performance.201020392912
molecular evidence of bartonella infection in domestic dogs from algeria, north africa, by polymerase chain reaction (pcr).bartonella species are being recognized as important bacterial human and canine pathogens, and are associated with multiple arthropod vectors. bartonella dna extracted from blood samples was obtained from domestic dogs in algiers, algeria. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and dna sequence analyses of the ftsz gene and the 16s-23s intergenic spacer region (its) were performed. three bartonella species: bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, bartonella clarridgeiae, and bartonells elizabethae were ...201020682871
an immunocompromised murine model of chronic bartonella infection.bartonella are ubiquitous gram-negative pathogens that cause chronic blood stream infections in mammals. two species most often responsible for human infection, b. henselae and b. quintana, cause prolonged febrile illness in immunocompetent hosts, known as cat scratch disease and trench fever, respectively. fascinatingly, in immunocompromised hosts, these organisms also induce new blood vessel formation leading to the formation of angioproliferative tumors, a disease process named bacillary angi ...201020395436
[optic neuritis].optic neuritis is a common feature of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica. it may also reveal systemic inflammatory disorders including sarcoidosis, lupus, sjögren's syndrome, behçet's disease, or infections such as neurosyphilis or with bartonella. in some patients diagnostic workup remains negative leading to the diagnosis of an idiopathic optic neuritis. a painful loss of vision is the usual clinical presentation. the fundosc ...201020434241
rare infections mimicking ms.the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (ms), despite well defined clinical criteria is not always simple. on many occasions it is difficult to differentiate ms from various non-ms idiopathic demyelinating disorders, specific and infectious inflammatory diseases or non-inflammatory demyelinating diseases. clinicians should be aware of various clinical and mri "red flags" that may point to the other diagnosis and demand further diagnostic evaluation. it is generally accepted that atypical clinical sy ...201020439131
[bartonella spp. as a zoonotic pathogens transmitting by blood-feeding arthropods].prior to 1993, bartonella bacilliformis was the only member of the bartonella genus. now, the genus bartonella currently contains over 30 species of gram-negative bacteria that parasitize mammalian erythrocytes and endothelial cells. bartonella spp. have been isolated from a variety of mammal species, most often from rodents, ruminants and carnivores, and these animals are implicated as reservoirs for the genus bartonella. the persistent bacteriemia is more readily documented in the primary rese ...201020450002
human coinfection with bartonella henselae and two hemotropic mycoplasma variants resembling mycoplasma ovis.two variants of an organism resembling the ovine hemoplasma, mycoplasma ovis, were detected by pcr in blood samples from a veterinarian in texas. coinfection with similar variants has been described in sheep. this represents the first report of human infection with this organism. the veterinarian was coinfected with bartonella henselae.201020702675
seroprevalence of bartonella in eastern china and analysis of risk factors.bartonella infections are emerging in the zhejiang province of china. however, there has been no effort to date to explore the epidemiology of these infections in this region, nor to identify risk factors associated with exposure to bartonella. the aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of bartonella in both patients bitten by dogs and blood donors (for control) in eastern china, and to identify risk factors associated with exposure to bartonella. as no previous data for this re ...201020482887
the ecology of bartonella spp. infections in two rodent communities in the mazury lake district region of poland.prevalence and abundance of bartonella spp. infections were studied over a 3-year period in woodland and grassland rodents in north-eastern poland. prevalence of bacterial infections was similar in the two rodent communities, with one leading host species in each habitat (46.3% in apodemus flavicollis versus 29.1% in myodes glareolus in forest, or 36.9% in microtus arvalis versus 13.7% in mi. oeconomus in grassland). prevalence/abundance of infections varied markedly across the 3 years with 2006 ...201020388232
scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy caused by bartonella henselae after tick bite.rickettsia slovaca and rickettsia raoultii have been associated with a syndrome characterized by scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy following tick bites. however, in many cases, the causative agent remains undetermined. we report 3 cases of this syndrome caused by bartonella henselae, and we propose the term "senlat" to collectively describe this clinical entity.201020070235
bartonella sp. infection of voles trapped from an interior alaskan site where ticks are absent.to determine whether bartonella species may perpetuate in sites where ticks are absent, we analyzed blood and spleen samples from small mammals trapped near cantwell, alaska during september 1999. blood smears from seven of 48 myodes (clethrionomys) rutilus suggested a bartonella species infection; five of the seven yielded cultures consistent with bartonella species; pcr of rrs, glta, and rpob genes confirmed bartonella infection in four of these culture samples. phylogenetic analysis of rrs, g ...201020090030
murine model for bartonella birtlesii infection: new aspects.as a model of persistent infection, various aspects of bartonella birtlesii infection in laboratory mice, including some immunodeficient mice, are presented, particularly focusing on conditions mimicking natural infection. bacteraemia was explored using different mice strains routes and inoculum doses (3.4-5x10(7)cfu/mouse). mice became bacteraemic for 5 (c57bl6/6) to 10 weeks (balb/c, swiss) with peaks ranging from 2x10(3) to 10(5)cfu/ml of blood. the id route induced the most precocious bacter ...201020097421
a "silent culture-negative" abdominal aortic mycotic aneurysm: rapid detection of bartonella species using pcr and high-throughput mass spectrometry.a gram-negative, rod-shaped microorganism was detected in a 69-year-old man suffering from chronic back pain but otherwise exhibiting no signs of infection. the bacterium could not be identified using any routine diagnostic modality. a research use only application utilizing pcr and mass spectrometry was performed on nucleic acid extracted from the tissue sample. these studies resulted in the implication of bartonella quintana as the underlying cause of the infection. b. quintana is not a well-k ...201020397506
the batr/bats two-component regulatory system controls the adaptive response of bartonella henselae during human endothelial cell infection.here, we report the first comprehensive study of bartonella henselae gene expression during infection of human endothelial cells. expression of the main cluster of upregulated genes, comprising the virb type iv secretion system and its secreted protein substrates, is shown to be under the positive control of the transcriptional regulator batr. we demonstrate binding of batr to the promoters of the virb operon and a substrate-encoding gene and provide biochemical evidence that batr and bats const ...201020418395
a toddler with facial nodules: a case of idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma.we describe the case of a 3-year-old boy who presented with several asymptomatic facial nodules present for six months. a skin biopsy obtained from the nodules showed a moderately well-defined granuloma in the superficial and deep dermis. a squamous epithelial lined cyst, extravasated keratin, or shadow cells were not identified. bartonella henselae titers and the coccidioidomycosis immitis immunodiffusion test were negative; a tuberculin skin test was non-reactive. fite, periodic acid-schiff (p ...201020137751
feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus and bartonella species in stray cats on st kitts, west indies.stray cats trapped in various areas of basseterre, the capital of st kitts in the west indies, were tested for infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) using commercial kits. of 99 (51 male and 48 female) cats trapped in 2006/7, 15% (12 males and three females) were positive for fiv while none were positive for felv. of 72 (41 males and 31 females) cats trapped in 2009, 14% (nine males and one female) were positive for fiv while none were positive for f ...201020138558
successful treatment of bartonella henselae endocarditis in a cat.this report describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of a cat with vegetative valvular endocarditis temporally associated with natural infection with bartonella henselae. lethargy, abnormal gait and weakness were the main clinical signs that resulted in referral for diagnostic evaluation. using a novel and sensitive culture approach, b henselae was isolated from the blood. following antibiotic therapy there was total resolution of clinical signs, the heart murmur, the valvula ...201020138559
blood parasites of mound-building mouse, mus spicilegus petényi, 1882 (mammalia, rodentia).mound-building mice, mus spicilegus, were studied for the blood parasites in eastern slovakia, vicinity kechnec village near kosice town (kosická kotlina basin, 21 degrees 14' e, 48 degrees 33' n) during years 2002-2005. overall, 251 specimens were examined. the parasites were detected using microhematokrit centrifugation technique and on the giemsa's method stained blood smears and light microscopy. the parasites were found in 3.57% of specimens; 1.20% of mice were infected with bartonella sp., ...201020450010
rapid diversification by recombination in bartonella grahamii from wild rodents in asia contrasts with low levels of genomic divergence in northern europe and america.bartonella is a genus of vector-borne bacteria that infect the red blood cells of mammals, and includes several human-specific and zoonotic pathogens. bartonella grahamii has a wide host range and is one of the most prevalent bartonella species in wild rodents. we studied the population structure, genome content and genome plasticity of a collection of 26 b. grahamii isolates from 11 species of wild rodents in seven countries. we found strong geographic patterns, high recombination frequencies a ...201020465583
prevalence of selected infectious agents in cats in ireland.vector-borne bacterial and rickettsial agents and toxoplasma gondii, are common organisms in cats. some are potentially zoonotic or may be transmitted via blood transfusion. the current study investigated the prevalence of these agents in cats from dublin, ireland, for which no published data exists. whole blood (n=116) and sera (n=83) samples were obtained from 121 cats. dna was extracted from blood and assayed using polymerase chain reaction techniques for anaplasma species, bartonella species ...201020472484
who is this man? 201020507765
flea-associated zoonotic diseases of cats in the usa: bartonellosis, flea-borne rickettsioses, and plague.cat-scratch disease, flea-borne typhus, and plague are three flea-associated zoonoses of cats of concern in the usa. although flea concentrations may be heaviest in coastal and temperate climates, fleas and flea-borne disease agents can occur almost anywhere in the usa. understanding flea-borne pathogens, and the associated risks for owners and veterinarians, is important to reduce the likelihood of zoonotic infection.201020185369
identification of bartonella infections in febrile human patients from thailand and their potential animal reservoirs.to determine the role of bartonella species as causes of acute febrile illness in humans from thailand, we used a novel strategy of co-cultivation of blood with eukaryotic cells and subsequent phylogenetic analysis of bartonella-specific dna products. bartonella species were identified in 14 blood clots from febrile patients. sequence analysis showed that more than one-half of the genotypes identified in human patients were similar or identical to homologous sequences identified in rodents from ...201020519614
prevalence of bartonella species, rickettsia felis, haemoplasmas and the ehrlichia group in the blood of cats and fleas in eastern australia.to define the prevalence of bartonella spp., rickettsia felis, mycoplasma haemofelis, 'candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum' (mhm) and 'candidatus mycoplasma turicensis' (mtc) in cats and their fleas in eastern australia.201020529020
phylogenetics and population genetics of the louse fly, lipoptena mazamae, from arkansas, usa.louse flies, also known as deer keds (lipoptena mazamae rondani), infest cervids such as white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus and vector pathogens such as anaplasma and bartonella schoenbuchensis to cattle and humans, respectively. the population genetic structure of 30 l. mazamae collected from white-tailed deer in four regions of arkansas, u.s.a., designated by county boundaries, was examined using dna sequences of a 259-bp region of the mitochondrial dna rrna 16s gene. of the 259 nucleot ...201020534010
what's eating you? cat flea (ctenocephalides felis), part 1: clinical features and role as a disease vector. 201020540412
fleas and flea-borne diseases.flea-borne infections are emerging or re-emerging throughout the world, and their incidence is on the rise. furthermore, their distribution and that of their vectors is shifting and expanding. this publication reviews general flea biology and the distribution of the flea-borne diseases of public health importance throughout the world, their principal flea vectors, and the extent of their public health burden. such an overall review is necessary to understand the importance of this group of infec ...201020189862
a report of cat scratch disease in korea confirmed by pcr amplification of the 16s-23s rrna intergenic region of bartonella henselae.we report a case of cat scratch disease in an 8-yr-old girl who presented with fever and enlargement of both axillary lymph nodes. both aerobic and anaerobic cultures of the lymph node aspirate were negative for microbial growth. gram staining and warthin-starry silver staining did not reveal any organism. purified dna from the pcr-amplicon of the 16s-23s rrna intergenic region was sequenced and showed 99.7% identity with the corresponding sequence of bartonella henselae strain houston-1. our fi ...201020197720
genome dynamics of bartonella grahamii in micro-populations of woodland rodents.rodents represent a high-risk reservoir for the emergence of new human pathogens. the recent completion of the 2.3 mb genome of bartonella grahamii, one of the most prevalent blood-borne bacteria in wild rodents, revealed a higher abundance of genes for host-cell interaction systems than in the genomes of closely related human pathogens. the sequence variability within the global b. grahamii population was recently investigated by multi locus sequence typing, but no study on the variability of p ...201020202191
bartonella spp. infection in hiv positive individuals, their pets and ectoparasites in rio de janeiro, brazil: serological and molecular study.bartonella is the agent of cat-scratch disease, but is also responsible for more severe conditions such as retinitis, meningoencephalitis, endocarditis and bacillary angiomatosis. its seroprevalence is unknown in brazil.201020206113
disseminated bartonellosis presenting as neuroretinitis in a young adult with human immunodeficiency virus infection.rapidly declining visual acuity from neuroretinitis should prompt aggressive diagnostic intervention to preserve eyesight. we present a young adult with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in whom neuroretinitis was the presenting feature of disseminated bartonellosis. tissue biopsy was required to establish the diagnosis and directed therapy was associated with restored vision.201020216243
detection of multiple bartonella species in digestive and reproductive tissues of fleas collected from sympatric mammals.at least 12 species in the genus bartonella are zoonotic pathogens that may be transmitted among mammalian hosts by fleas or other arthropods. apparent host specificity by some bartonella species to mammalian hosts has been observed, and the detection of multiple bartonella species in mammalian fleas suggests that fleas take bloodmeals from a variety of host species. however, many flea species are observed to parasitize a narrow host range. therefore, we suspect that fleas may acquire bartonella ...201020220787
evaluation of sensitivity, specificity and cross-reactivity in bartonella henselae serology. 201020223899
seroprevalence of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in urban and rural dogs in turkey.the seroprevalence of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii was investigated in stray urban dogs and shepherd and farm guard dogs from rural areas sampled from 10 provinces of turkey. sera from 855 dogs were examined for the presence of anti-b. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii antibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test. overall, 56 (6.6%) of the 855 dogs examined, including 16 (3%) of the 522 stray dogs and 40 (12%) of the 333 rural dogs, were seropositive. this is the first report on prevalence ...201020574140
analysis of multi-strain bartonella pathogens in natural host population--do they behave as species or minor genetic variants?modern advances in genetic analysis have made it feasible to ascertain the variant type of a pathogen infecting a host. classification of pathogen variants is commonly performed by clustering analysis of the observed genetic divergence among the variants. a natural question arises whether the genetically distinct variants are epidemiologically distinct. a broader question is whether the different variants constitute separate microbial species or represent minor variations of the same species. th ...201021352787
[embolic stroke as the first manifestation of bartonella henselae endocarditis in an immunocompetent patient]. 201019409676
high prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from an indian reservation in northeastern arizona.we evaluated the serological and molecular prevalence of selected organisms in 145 dogs during late spring (may/june) of 2005 and in 88 dogs during winter (february) of 2007 from the hopi indian reservation. additionally, in 2005, 442 ticks attached to dogs were collected and identified as rhipicephalus sanguineus. infection with or exposure to at least one organism was detected in 69% and 66% of the dogs in may/june 2005 and february 2007, respectively. exposure to spotted fever group (sfg) ric ...201019469667
molecular detection of bartonella henselae and bartonella koehlerae from aortic valves of boxer dogs with infective endocarditis.cardiac aortic valves from five dogs that died from acquired infective endocarditis were retrospectively molecularly screened for bartonella infection. identification was carried out using pcr targeting four gene fragments (rpob, ribc, 16s rrna and glta), and the 16s-23s intergenic spacer (its). bartonella henselae dna was detected in aortic valve tissue from one boxer dog with moderate subaortic stenosis (sas). bartonella koehlerae dna was detected from the aortic valve of another boxer dog wit ...201019716241
epidemiology of bartonella infection in rodents and shrews in taiwan.during the period of august 2002 and november 2004, an epidemiological investigation for bartonella infection was conducted in small mammals in taiwan. using whole blood culture on chocolate agar plates, bartonella species were successfully isolated from 41.3% of the 310 animals tested. the isolation rate of bartonella species varied among different animal species, including 52.7% of the 169 rattus norvegicus, 28.6% of the 126 sucus murinus, 10% of the 10 rattus rattus and 66.7% of the three rat ...201019538457
cat scratch disease--heterogeneous in clinical presentation: five unusual cases of an infection caused by bartonella henselae.cat-scratch disease (csd) is common in children, however the wide spectrum of the clinical presentation of csd may lead to delayed diagnosis. an atypical presentation of csd includes in its differential diagnosis diseases such as tuberculosis, other mycobacterioses, epstein-barr-virus infection (ebv) or malignant disease. since, in a small number of cases, these diseases may be present concurrently with an active csd, it is important to consider csd early in the differential diagnosis and order ...201019790029
[pcr rdna 16s used for the etiological diagnosis of blood culture negative endocarditis].we report the case of a 55 year-old man presenting with a double aortic and mitral endocarditis for which resected valve culture was repeatedly negative. specific pcr made on valves because of highly positive blood tests for bartonella henselae remained negative. a molecular approach was made with 16s rdna pcr, followed by sequencing. bartonella quintana was identified as the etiology of endocarditis. b. quintana, "fastidious" bacteria, even if hard to identify in a laboratory, is often reported ...201019796889
the pathophysiology of the acute phase of human bartonellosis resembles aids.human bartonellosis is a south american anthroponosis caused by bartonella bacilliformis. the disease has an acute phase characterized by invasion of red blood cells by parasites, and consequent severe anemia; and a chronic phase presenting with benign vascular tumors. during the acute phase, affected individuals are prone to developing opportunistic infections with a variety of organisms similar to the ones seen in aids. after antibiotic treatment is instituted, a subgroup of patients may devel ...201019665314
[hepatic localization of cat scratch disease in an immunocompetent patient].the cat-scratch disease is a benign inoculation disease and a well-known cause of localized lymphadenopathy. visceral localizations are rare and occur mostly in immunocompetent patients.201019616394
bartonella japonica sp. nov. and bartonella silvatica sp. nov., isolated from apodemus mice.two bacterial strains, fuji 18-1(t) and fuji 23-1(t), were isolated from the blood of the small japanese field mouse (apodemus argenteus) and the large japanese field mouse (apodemus speciosus), respectively, specimens of which were captured in the forest of mount fuji, japan. phenotypic characterization (growth conditions, incubation periods, biochemical properties and cell morphologies), dna g+c contents (40.1 mol% for strain fuji 18-1(t) and 40.4 mol% for strain fuji 23-1(t)) and sequence ana ...201019656930
detection of bartonella spp. in neotropical felids and evaluation of risk factors and hematological abnormalities associated with infection.although antibodies to bartonella henselae have been described in all neotropical felid species, dna has been detected in only one species, leopardus wiedii. the aim of this study was to determine whether dna of bartonella spp. could be detected in blood of other captive neotropical felids and evaluate risk factors and hematological findings associated with infection. blood samples were collected from 57 small felids, including 1 leopardus geoffroyi, 17 l. wiedii, 22 leopardus tigrinus, 14 leopa ...201019913372
bartonellosis.bartonellosis is a constellation of clinical conditions affecting human beings and a variety of animals. many bartonella infections are zoonotic, with some of the most commonly reported zoonotic manifestations of infection including cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, and neuroretinitis. companion animals serve as reservoirs for several zoonotic species of bartonella, and may also serve as sentinels for zoonotic bartonella species harbored by wildlife. this article provide ...201020018462
prevalence of five pathogenic agents in questing ixodes ricinus ticks from western france.in europe, ixodes ricinus ticks are vectors of many emerging pathogens, including borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl), anaplasma phagocytophilum, spotted fever group rickettsia sp., babesia sp., and very likely bartonella sp. in this study, we looked for the presence of dna of these microorganisms in 572 ticks from two forests in the west of france. dna extraction and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification were performed on individual nymphal, male, and female i. ricinus ticks. amplifica ...201020020814
detection of bartonella species in small mammals from zhejiang province, china.to estimate the prevalence of bartonella in small mammals of different species, during different seasons, and at different study sites, and to provide baseline data for the risk assessment of human bartonella infection, we captured small mammals using snap traps in zhejiang province, china. bartonella species were detected in small-mammal samples by polymerase chain reaction and positive amplicons were sequenced. bartonella dna was detected in 47% (90/192) of apodemus agrarius, 31% (14/45) of ra ...201020090031
cervical lymphadenitis in a patient coinfected with toxoplasma gondii and bartonella henselae.cat scratch disease, caused by bartonella henselae, is a worldwide zoonosis that is most frequently associated with the bite or scratch of a kitten under 6 months of age, as well as from a fleabite. toxoplsma gondii is also another important zoonotic agent in cats and humans, which is mainly acquired by ingestion of food or water that is contaminated with oocytes shed by cats or by eating undercooked or raw meat containing tissue cysts. here, we report a first case of young patient with cervical ...201019874186
evaluation of brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid with broadly reactive polymerase chain reaction for ehrlichia, anaplasma, spotted fever group rickettsia, bartonella, and borrelia species in canine neurological diseases (109 cases).vector-transmitted microorganisms in the genera ehrlichia, anaplasma, rickettsia, bartonella, and borrelia are commonly suspected in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis (mem), but the prevalence of these pathogens in brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of dogs with mem is unknown.201020102497
renal microabscesses due to bartonella infection.we report a case of cat scratch disease with bilateral renal microabscesses. this case is unique in that there were no other abscesses found intrabdominally. a previously healthy child was admitted with a 12-day history of fever and headaches. bartonella henselae titers were initially igg 1:640 and igm 1:100, and later igg >1:2560 and igm >1:800. an abdominal ultrasound examination was normal but ct scan revealed microabscesses in both kidneys.201020072078
peliosis hepatis in cats is not associated with bartonella henselae infections.peliosis hepatis is a vasculoproliferative disorder of the liver with infectious and noninfectious causes. in humans and dogs, bartonella henselae has been linked to peliosis hepatis. although domestic cats are the natural reservoir of b. henselae and although peliosis hepatis is common in this species, an association between this condition and infection with b. henselae has never been investigated in cats. in this study, 26 cases of peliosis hepatis in cats were tested for b. henselae infection ...201020080497
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