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[bartonella henselae, an ubiquitous agent of proteiform zoonotic disease].bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat scratch disease, a human infection usually characterized by persistent regional lymphadenopathy. it is transmitted to humans by cat scratches or bites. cats are the major reservoir for this bacterium thus b. henselae has a worldwide distribution. the bacterial pathogenicity may bay emphasized by the immune status of the infected host. angiomatosis or hepatic peliosis are the most frequent clinical manifestations in immunocompromised patients. b. ...201020042306
molecular detection of bartonella alsatica in european wild rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus) in andalusia (spain).a sample of 279 european wild rabbits, oryctolagus cuniculus (141 males, 138 females), captured alive in andalusia (spain) and belonging to the two haplotype classes previously described for this species (230 and 49 corresponding with haplotypes a and b, respectively), were tested for the presence of bartonella alsatica dna. two species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction assays targeting for 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer region and rna polymerase β subunit genes have been developed. fort ...201020059317
high prevalence of antibodies against bartonella henselae with cervical lymphadenopathy in children.cat-scratch disease is the most common form of bartonella henselae infection. although reports have shown that csd is relatively common, they have not shown the prevalence of seropositivity for bartonella henselae in cases of cervical lymphadenitis and kawasaki disease, which are relatively common diseases in children.201020059723
prevalence of bartonella henselae and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato dna in ixodes ricinus ticks in europe.bartonella spp. can cause persistent bloodstream infections in humans and animals. to determine whether bartonella henselae is present in questing ixodes ricinus ticks, we analyzed the prevalence of b. henselae dna among tick stages compared to the prevalence of dna from borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the pathogen most frequently transmitted by ticks. b. henselae dna was present with a prevalence of up to approximately 40% in tick populations sampled in four european sites (eberdingen, germany ...201020061459
blood cell findings resembling bartonella spp.some bartonella species are able to invade red blood cells (rbc) and may cause persistent infection in the susceptible host. use of transmission electron microscopy (tem) demonstrates, inside erythrocytes, the typical triple-walled agents. however, when examining ultrathin sections of blood cells, the authors have, on several occasions, detected intraerythrocytic abnormalities that mimic but are not typical of bartonella spp. small endovesicles, pseudoinclusions, cavities, and irregular hemoglob ...201020070147
renal microabscesses due to bartonella infection.we report a case of cat scratch disease with bilateral renal microabscesses. this case is unique in that there were no other abscesses found intrabdominally. a previously healthy child was admitted with a 12-day history of fever and headaches. bartonella henselae titers were initially igg 1:640 and igm 1:100, and later igg >1:2560 and igm >1:800. an abdominal ultrasound examination was normal but ct scan revealed microabscesses in both kidneys.201020072078
bartonella sp. infection of voles trapped from an interior alaskan site where ticks are absent.to determine whether bartonella species may perpetuate in sites where ticks are absent, we analyzed blood and spleen samples from small mammals trapped near cantwell, alaska during september 1999. blood smears from seven of 48 myodes (clethrionomys) rutilus suggested a bartonella species infection; five of the seven yielded cultures consistent with bartonella species; pcr of rrs, glta, and rpob genes confirmed bartonella infection in four of these culture samples. phylogenetic analysis of rrs, g ...201020090030
detection of bartonella species in small mammals from zhejiang province, china.to estimate the prevalence of bartonella in small mammals of different species, during different seasons, and at different study sites, and to provide baseline data for the risk assessment of human bartonella infection, we captured small mammals using snap traps in zhejiang province, china. bartonella species were detected in small-mammal samples by polymerase chain reaction and positive amplicons were sequenced. bartonella dna was detected in 47% (90/192) of apodemus agrarius, 31% (14/45) of ra ...201020090031
murine model for bartonella birtlesii infection: new aspects.as a model of persistent infection, various aspects of bartonella birtlesii infection in laboratory mice, including some immunodeficient mice, are presented, particularly focusing on conditions mimicking natural infection. bacteraemia was explored using different mice strains routes and inoculum doses (3.4-5x10(7)cfu/mouse). mice became bacteraemic for 5 (c57bl6/6) to 10 weeks (balb/c, swiss) with peaks ranging from 2x10(3) to 10(5)cfu/ml of blood. the id route induced the most precocious bacter ...201020097421
evaluation of brain tissue or cerebrospinal fluid with broadly reactive polymerase chain reaction for ehrlichia, anaplasma, spotted fever group rickettsia, bartonella, and borrelia species in canine neurological diseases (109 cases).vector-transmitted microorganisms in the genera ehrlichia, anaplasma, rickettsia, bartonella, and borrelia are commonly suspected in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis (mem), but the prevalence of these pathogens in brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of dogs with mem is unknown.201020102497
a toddler with facial nodules: a case of idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma.we describe the case of a 3-year-old boy who presented with several asymptomatic facial nodules present for six months. a skin biopsy obtained from the nodules showed a moderately well-defined granuloma in the superficial and deep dermis. a squamous epithelial lined cyst, extravasated keratin, or shadow cells were not identified. bartonella henselae titers and the coccidioidomycosis immitis immunodiffusion test were negative; a tuberculin skin test was non-reactive. fite, periodic acid-schiff (p ...201020137751
feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus and bartonella species in stray cats on st kitts, west indies.stray cats trapped in various areas of basseterre, the capital of st kitts in the west indies, were tested for infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) using commercial kits. of 99 (51 male and 48 female) cats trapped in 2006/7, 15% (12 males and three females) were positive for fiv while none were positive for felv. of 72 (41 males and 31 females) cats trapped in 2009, 14% (nine males and one female) were positive for fiv while none were positive for f ...201020138558
successful treatment of bartonella henselae endocarditis in a cat.this report describes the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of a cat with vegetative valvular endocarditis temporally associated with natural infection with bartonella henselae. lethargy, abnormal gait and weakness were the main clinical signs that resulted in referral for diagnostic evaluation. using a novel and sensitive culture approach, b henselae was isolated from the blood. following antibiotic therapy there was total resolution of clinical signs, the heart murmur, the valvula ...201020138559
fleas and flea-borne diseases.flea-borne infections are emerging or re-emerging throughout the world, and their incidence is on the rise. furthermore, their distribution and that of their vectors is shifting and expanding. this publication reviews general flea biology and the distribution of the flea-borne diseases of public health importance throughout the world, their principal flea vectors, and the extent of their public health burden. such an overall review is necessary to understand the importance of this group of infec ...201020189862
a report of cat scratch disease in korea confirmed by pcr amplification of the 16s-23s rrna intergenic region of bartonella henselae.we report a case of cat scratch disease in an 8-yr-old girl who presented with fever and enlargement of both axillary lymph nodes. both aerobic and anaerobic cultures of the lymph node aspirate were negative for microbial growth. gram staining and warthin-starry silver staining did not reveal any organism. purified dna from the pcr-amplicon of the 16s-23s rrna intergenic region was sequenced and showed 99.7% identity with the corresponding sequence of bartonella henselae strain houston-1. our fi ...201020197720
[neuroretinitis in cat-scratch disease]. 201020199895
update on emerging infections: news from the centers for disease control and prevention. bartonella quintana in body lice and head lice from homeless persons, san francisco, california, usa. 201020201124
genome dynamics of bartonella grahamii in micro-populations of woodland rodents.rodents represent a high-risk reservoir for the emergence of new human pathogens. the recent completion of the 2.3 mb genome of bartonella grahamii, one of the most prevalent blood-borne bacteria in wild rodents, revealed a higher abundance of genes for host-cell interaction systems than in the genomes of closely related human pathogens. the sequence variability within the global b. grahamii population was recently investigated by multi locus sequence typing, but no study on the variability of p ...201020202191
bartonella spp. transmission by ticks not established.bartonella spp. infect humans and many animal species. mainly because pcr studies have demonstrated bartonella dna in ticks, some healthcare providers believe that these microorganisms are transmitted by ticks. b. henselae, in particular, is regarded as being present in and transmissible by the ixodes scapularis tick. the presence of a microbial agent within a tick, however, does not imply that the tick might transmit it during the course of blood feeding and does not confer epidemiologic import ...201020202410
potential for tick-borne bartonelloses.as worldwide vectors of human infectious diseases, ticks are considered to be second only to mosquitoes. each tick species has preferred environmental conditions and biotopes that determine its geographic distribution, the pathogens it vectors, and the areas that pose risk for tick-borne diseases. researchers have identified an increasing number of bacterial pathogens that are transmitted by ticks, including anaplasma, borrelia, ehrlichia, and rickettsia spp. recent reports involving humans and ...201020202411
candidatus bartonella mayotimonensis and endocarditis.we describe a new bartonella species for which we propose the name candidatus bartonella mayotimonensis. it was isolated from native aortic valve tissue of a person with infective endocarditis. the new species was identified by using pcr amplification and sequencing of 5 genes (16s rrna gene, ftsz, rpob, glta, and internal transcribed spacer region).201020202430
bartonella spp. infection in hiv positive individuals, their pets and ectoparasites in rio de janeiro, brazil: serological and molecular study.bartonella is the agent of cat-scratch disease, but is also responsible for more severe conditions such as retinitis, meningoencephalitis, endocarditis and bacillary angiomatosis. its seroprevalence is unknown in brazil.201020206113
disseminated bartonellosis presenting as neuroretinitis in a young adult with human immunodeficiency virus infection.rapidly declining visual acuity from neuroretinitis should prompt aggressive diagnostic intervention to preserve eyesight. we present a young adult with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in whom neuroretinitis was the presenting feature of disseminated bartonellosis. tissue biopsy was required to establish the diagnosis and directed therapy was associated with restored vision.201020216243
detection of multiple bartonella species in digestive and reproductive tissues of fleas collected from sympatric mammals.at least 12 species in the genus bartonella are zoonotic pathogens that may be transmitted among mammalian hosts by fleas or other arthropods. apparent host specificity by some bartonella species to mammalian hosts has been observed, and the detection of multiple bartonella species in mammalian fleas suggests that fleas take bloodmeals from a variety of host species. however, many flea species are observed to parasitize a narrow host range. therefore, we suspect that fleas may acquire bartonella ...201020220787
evaluation of sensitivity, specificity and cross-reactivity in bartonella henselae serology. 201020223899
prevalence and seasonality of tick-borne pathogens in questing ixodes ricinus ticks from luxembourg.in europe, ixodid ticks are important arthropod vectors of human and animal pathogens, but comprehensive studies of the prevalence of all relevant pathogens in central europe are scarce. as a result of ecological changes, the incidences of tick-borne infections are expected to increase. in this study, 1,394 nymphal and adult ixodes ricinus ticks sampled monthly during the active season from 33 ecologically distinct collection sites throughout luxembourg were screened for all human tick-borne pat ...201020228110
bartonellosis: an emerging infectious disease of zoonotic importance to animals and human beings.to provide a review of clinically relevant observations related to bartonella species as emerging pathogens in veterinary and human medicine.201020230432
conventional and molecular diagnostic testing for the acute neurologic patient.the aim of this review is to describe and evaluate both conventional and molecular diagnostic testing utilized in dogs and cats with acute neurologic diseases. various types of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) are explored along with novel molecular diagnostic testing that ultimately may prove useful in the critical care setting.201020230434
feline hemotropic mycoplasmas.to describe the current understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of feline hemotropic mycoplasmosis (feline infectious anemia).201020230435
detection and genetic diversity of bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii strains isolated from dogs in ankara, turkey.bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii has been identified as an important pathogen in dogs and is an emerging pathogen in people with zoonotic potential. this study aimed to isolate bartonella spp. in 250 blood samples collected from dogs in the province of ankara, turkey, between october 2006 and march 2007. the typing of the 23 isolates was carried out by pcr for citrate synthase (glta) and the 16s-23s intergenic transcribed spacer (its). the prevalence of bacteremia was 9.2% in 250 samples. a ...201020234114
molecular detection of bartonella henselae and bartonella koehlerae from aortic valves of boxer dogs with infective endocarditis.cardiac aortic valves from five dogs that died from acquired infective endocarditis were retrospectively molecularly screened for bartonella infection. identification was carried out using pcr targeting four gene fragments (rpob, ribc, 16s rrna and glta), and the 16s-23s intergenic spacer (its). bartonella henselae dna was detected in aortic valve tissue from one boxer dog with moderate subaortic stenosis (sas). bartonella koehlerae dna was detected from the aortic valve of another boxer dog wit ...201019716241
cat scratch disease--heterogeneous in clinical presentation: five unusual cases of an infection caused by bartonella henselae.cat-scratch disease (csd) is common in children, however the wide spectrum of the clinical presentation of csd may lead to delayed diagnosis. an atypical presentation of csd includes in its differential diagnosis diseases such as tuberculosis, other mycobacterioses, epstein-barr-virus infection (ebv) or malignant disease. since, in a small number of cases, these diseases may be present concurrently with an active csd, it is important to consider csd early in the differential diagnosis and order ...201019790029
[pcr rdna 16s used for the etiological diagnosis of blood culture negative endocarditis].we report the case of a 55 year-old man presenting with a double aortic and mitral endocarditis for which resected valve culture was repeatedly negative. specific pcr made on valves because of highly positive blood tests for bartonella henselae remained negative. a molecular approach was made with 16s rdna pcr, followed by sequencing. bartonella quintana was identified as the etiology of endocarditis. b. quintana, "fastidious" bacteria, even if hard to identify in a laboratory, is often reported ...201019796889
cervical lymphadenitis in a patient coinfected with toxoplasma gondii and bartonella henselae.cat scratch disease, caused by bartonella henselae, is a worldwide zoonosis that is most frequently associated with the bite or scratch of a kitten under 6 months of age, as well as from a fleabite. toxoplsma gondii is also another important zoonotic agent in cats and humans, which is mainly acquired by ingestion of food or water that is contaminated with oocytes shed by cats or by eating undercooked or raw meat containing tissue cysts. here, we report a first case of young patient with cervical ...201019874186
detection of bartonella spp. in neotropical felids and evaluation of risk factors and hematological abnormalities associated with infection.although antibodies to bartonella henselae have been described in all neotropical felid species, dna has been detected in only one species, leopardus wiedii. the aim of this study was to determine whether dna of bartonella spp. could be detected in blood of other captive neotropical felids and evaluate risk factors and hematological findings associated with infection. blood samples were collected from 57 small felids, including 1 leopardus geoffroyi, 17 l. wiedii, 22 leopardus tigrinus, 14 leopa ...201019913372
molecular detection of bartonella henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae in clinical samples of pet cats from southern italy.bartonella henselae is considered an emerging pathogen of veterinary and medical interest that can be occasionally transmitted to humans. cats are considered to be the only reservoir host for b. henselae. in this study, we used a nested-pcr assay to investigate the prevalence of b.henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae dna in peripheral blood samples, fine needle lymph node aspirate specimens and oral swabs from 85 cats in order to develop an easy diagnostic strategy for the selection of infection ...201019963231
bartonella bacilliformis, endemic pathogen of the andean region, is intrinsically resistant to quinolones.to analyze the sequence of the region involved in the development of quinolone resistance of the gyra and parc genes in a series of bartonella bacilliformis isolates recovered prior to the introduction of quinolones, as well as one clinical isolate recovered in the 1970s, establishing the susceptibility levels to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.201019969497
association of bartonella species, feline calicivirus, and feline herpesvirus 1 infection with gingivostomatitis in cats.feline gingivostomatitis (fgs) is a common syndrome in cats; feline calicivirus (fcv), feline herpesvirus 1 (fhv-1), and bartonella species are common differential diagnoses. in this study, blood from 70 cats with fgs and 61 healthy control cats was tested for bartonella species antibodies in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot immunoassay and dna in blood using a conventional polymerase chain reaction assay. additionally, fresh oral biopsies from cats with fgs (n=42) and ...201019959386
[embolic stroke as the first manifestation of bartonella henselae endocarditis in an immunocompetent patient]. 201019409676
high prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from an indian reservation in northeastern arizona.we evaluated the serological and molecular prevalence of selected organisms in 145 dogs during late spring (may/june) of 2005 and in 88 dogs during winter (february) of 2007 from the hopi indian reservation. additionally, in 2005, 442 ticks attached to dogs were collected and identified as rhipicephalus sanguineus. infection with or exposure to at least one organism was detected in 69% and 66% of the dogs in may/june 2005 and february 2007, respectively. exposure to spotted fever group (sfg) ric ...201019469667
epidemiology of bartonella infection in rodents and shrews in taiwan.during the period of august 2002 and november 2004, an epidemiological investigation for bartonella infection was conducted in small mammals in taiwan. using whole blood culture on chocolate agar plates, bartonella species were successfully isolated from 41.3% of the 310 animals tested. the isolation rate of bartonella species varied among different animal species, including 52.7% of the 169 rattus norvegicus, 28.6% of the 126 sucus murinus, 10% of the 10 rattus rattus and 66.7% of the three rat ...201019538457
[hepatic localization of cat scratch disease in an immunocompetent patient].the cat-scratch disease is a benign inoculation disease and a well-known cause of localized lymphadenopathy. visceral localizations are rare and occur mostly in immunocompetent patients.201019616394
bartonella japonica sp. nov. and bartonella silvatica sp. nov., isolated from apodemus mice.two bacterial strains, fuji 18-1(t) and fuji 23-1(t), were isolated from the blood of the small japanese field mouse (apodemus argenteus) and the large japanese field mouse (apodemus speciosus), respectively, specimens of which were captured in the forest of mount fuji, japan. phenotypic characterization (growth conditions, incubation periods, biochemical properties and cell morphologies), dna g+c contents (40.1 mol% for strain fuji 18-1(t) and 40.4 mol% for strain fuji 23-1(t)) and sequence ana ...201019656930
the pathophysiology of the acute phase of human bartonellosis resembles aids.human bartonellosis is a south american anthroponosis caused by bartonella bacilliformis. the disease has an acute phase characterized by invasion of red blood cells by parasites, and consequent severe anemia; and a chronic phase presenting with benign vascular tumors. during the acute phase, affected individuals are prone to developing opportunistic infections with a variety of organisms similar to the ones seen in aids. after antibiotic treatment is instituted, a subgroup of patients may devel ...201019665314
real-time and multiplex real-time polymerase chain reactions for the detection of bartonella henselae within cat flea, ctenocephalides felis, samples.bartonella henselae (rhizobiales: bartonellacae), the agent of cat-scratch disease, is an emerging bacterial pathogen which can be transmitted via infective faecal material of ctenocephalides felis bouché (siphonaptera: pulicidae). worldwide, b. henselae has been identified in 1-53% of felines and 2.9-17.4% of fleas. although culture is the routine method for detection, the procedure is time-consuming and is rarely used for isolation directly from flea vectors. the current study reports the deve ...201020704655
does a feline leukemia virus infection pave the way for bartonella henselae infection in cats?domestic cats serve as the reservoir hosts of bartonella henselae and may develop mild clinical symptoms or none after experimental infection. in humans, b. henselae infection can result in self-limiting cat scratch disease. however, immunocompromised patients may suffer from more-severe courses of infection or may even develop the potentially lethal disease bacillary angiomatosis. it was reasoned that cats with immunocompromising viral infections may react similarly to b. henselae infection. th ...201020610682
optic neuropathy secondary to cat scratch disease: case report.optic neuropathy due to cat scratch disease is a relatively infrequent occurrence associated with macular star formation and is characterized by sudden painless loss of vision mostly unilateral. bartonella henselae is well recognized as the etiologic agent in cat scratch disease. ocular complications of the disease occur in up to 10% of patients and include neuroretinitis. ocular bartonelosis is usually self-limited with complete or near-complete recovery of vision in otherwise healthy patients. ...201021271032
bartonellosis.bartonellosis is a constellation of clinical conditions affecting human beings and a variety of animals. many bartonella infections are zoonotic, with some of the most commonly reported zoonotic manifestations of infection including cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, and neuroretinitis. companion animals serve as reservoirs for several zoonotic species of bartonella, and may also serve as sentinels for zoonotic bartonella species harbored by wildlife. this article provide ...201020018462
bacillary angiomatosis with atypical clinical presentation in an immunocompetent patient.bacillary angiomatosis is a recently described infectious disease that usually affects immunosupressed hosts with a previous history of contact with cats. we report a rare case of bacillary angiomatosis in an immunocompetent 59-year-old woman with no history of previous exposure to cats, and atypical clinical features (fever and subcutaneous nodules with ulceration on the left ankle). histopathology of the lesion showed extensive ulceration and reactive tumor-like vascular proliferation of the b ...201021079313
refractory bartonella quintana bacillary angiomatosis following chemotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.bacillary angiomatosis is a well-recognized infection with cutaneous and systemic manifestations caused by bartonella henselae or bartonella quintana and occurs in immunocompromised patients. we report a case of b. quintana bacillary angiomatosis following fludarabine-based chemotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia that was refractory to standard treatment and was complicated by lymphadenopathy and osteomyelitis.201020947664
species interactions in a parasite community drive infection risk in a wildlife population.most hosts, including humans, are simultaneously or sequentially infected with several parasites. a key question is whether patterns of coinfection arise because infection by one parasite species affects susceptibility to others or because of inherent differences between hosts. we used time-series data from individual hosts in natural populations to analyze patterns of infection risk for a microparasite community, detecting large positive and negative effects of other infections. patterns remain ...201020929776
rats as indicators of the presence and dispersal of six zoonotic microbial agents in cyprus, an island ecosystem: a seroepidemiological study.a total of 622 rats (402 rattus norvegicus and 220 r. rattus frugivorus) were collected in 51 different areas in cyprus during 2000-2003 and used as indicators of the presence and dispersal of six zoonotic microbial agents. igg antibodies against rickettsia typhi (241/496, 48.6%), r. conorii (209/500, 41.8%), toxoplasma sp. (138/494, 27.9%), coxiella burnetti (63/494, 12.8%), bartonella henselae (52/494, 10.5%) and leishmania infantum (36/494, 7.3%) were detected by indirect immunofluorescence t ...201020870259
bartonellosis diagnosis requires careful evaluation. 201020835501
cat scratch disease presenting as acute mastoiditis.to present the first published case of cat scratch disease presenting as acute mastoiditis and review the relevant literature to discuss the otolaryngologic manifestations of this disease and its treatment.201021225820
candidatus bartonella antechini: a novel bartonella species detected in fleas and ticks from the yellow-footed antechinus (antechinus flavipes), an australian marsupial.bartonella are fastidious, gram-negative, aerobic bacilli belonging to the alphaproteobacteria group. in the last ten years, the discovery of new bartonella species from a variety of mammalian hosts, arthropod vectors and geographical areas has increased. more than 20 species of bartonella have been identified, of which approximately thirteen are associated with disease in humans and animals. recently, four novel species of bartonella were isolated from mammalian hosts in australia: bartonella a ...201021215534
questing ticks in suburban forest are infected by at least six tick-borne pathogens.abstract the role of ixodes ricinus ticks in the transmission of pathogens of public health importance such as borrelia burgdorferi s.l. is widely recognized and is suspected in several emerging vector-borne pathogens in europe. here, we assess prevalence rates of several endemic and emerging zoonotic pathogens in tick populations in an area of high human population density in france, to contribute to a risk assessment for potential transmission to humans. pathogen prevalence rates were evaluate ...201021158500
[sero-epidemiologic investigation on tick-borne diseases of humans and domestic animals in zhejiang province.]objective: to investigate the seroprevalence of tick-borne diseases in humans and domestic animals from rural areas of zhejiang province. methods: anji county, jindong district and tiantai county were selected for samples collection according to their geographic locations and historical prevalence of tick-borne diseases. blood samples of humans and domestic animals were collected in the three sites. an indirect immuno-fluorescent antibody test was used to determine the presence of igg antibodies ...201021162818
comparison of two sampling methods for microbiological evaluation of periodontal disease in cats.periodontal disease in cats is highly prevalent, and its aetiology is associated to bacteria located in the subgingival microbiota, being porphyromonas sp. the most prevalent genus. the conventional technique to sample the subgingival microbiota is the use of cotton swabs over the mucosa and teeth; however the use of subgingival paper points could improve the bacterial recovery.201021168288
[cat scratch disease associated neuroretinitis: clinical report and review of the literature].cat scratch disease is the main clinical presentation of bartonella henselae infection. however, ocular manifestations of bartonellosis occur in about 5 to 10% of the patients, mainly presenting as neuroretinitis, choroiditis or oculoglandular syndrome of parinaud. we describe two patients with documented b. henselae infection and typical ocular compromise. both patients were treated and had a favorable visual outcome.201021186508
comments on the manuscript by bitam et al., 'fleas and flea-borne diseases'. 201021193340
bartonella and babesia infections in cattle and their ticks in taiwan.bartonella and babesia infections and the association with cattle breed and age as well as tick species infesting selected cattle herds in taiwan were investigated. blood samples were collected from 518 dairy cows and 59 beef cattle on 14 farms and 415 ticks were collected from these animals or in a field. bartonella and babesia species were isolated and/or detected in the cattle blood samples and from a selected subset (n=254) of the ticks either by culture or dna extraction, pcr testing and dn ...201021194750
evolution of clinical, haematological and biochemical findings in young dogs naturally infected by vector-borne pathogens.longitudinal studies evaluating the evolution of clinical, haematological, biochemical findings in young dogs exposed for the first time to multiple vector-borne pathogens have not been reported. with the objective of assessing the evolution of clinical, haematological and biochemical findings, these parameters were serially monitored in naturally infected dogs throughout a 1-year follow-up period. young dogs, infected by vector-borne pathogens based on cytology or polymerase chain reaction, wer ...201021106311
prevalence of bartonella henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae in cats in the south of brazil: a molecular study.bartonella spp are the causative agent of cat scratch disease in humans. cats are the natural reservoir of these bacteria and may infect humans through scratches, bites or fleas. blood samples from 47 cats aged up to 12 months were collected for this study. all animals were lodged in municipal animal shelters in the vale do sinos region, rio grande do sul, brazil. bartonella spp were detected by genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and when the pcr was positive, the species were determ ...201021120356
bartonella spp. in bats, kenya.we report the presence and diversity of bartonella spp. in bats of 13 insectivorous and frugivorous species collected from various locations across kenya. bartonella isolates were obtained from 23 eidolon helvum, 22 rousettus aegyptiacus, 4 coleura afra, 7 triaenops persicus, 1 hipposideros commersoni, and 49 miniopterus spp. bats. sequence analysis of the citrate synthase gene from the obtained isolates showed a wide assortment of bartonella strains. phylogenetically, isolates clustered in spec ...201021122216
bartonella henselae in skin biopsy specimens of patients with cat-scratch disease.during the past 2 years, we identified live bartonella henselae in the primary inoculation sites of 3 patients after a cat scratch. although our data are preliminary, we report that a cutaneous swab of the skin lesion from a patient in the early stage of cat-scratch disease can be useful for diagnosis of the infection.201021122232
multispacer typing of bartonella henselae isolates from humans and cats, japan.to determine genotypic distribution of and relationship between human and cat strains of bartonella henselae,we characterized 56 specimens using multispacer typing (mst). of 13 mst genotypes identified, 12 were grouped into cluster 1. in japan, human infections can be caused by b. henselae strains in cluster 1.201021122238
molecular detection of bartonella alsatica in rabbit fleas, france. 201021122251
bartonella infection: treatment and drug resistance.bartonella species, which belong to the α-2 subgroup of proteobacteria, are fastidious gram-negative bacteria that are highly adapted to their mammalian host reservoirs. bartonella species are responsible for different clinical conditions affecting humans, including carrion's disease, cat scratch disease, trench fever, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis and peliosis hepatis. while some of these diseases can resolve spontaneously without treatment, in other cases, the disease is fatal without a ...201021133691
bartonella infection in shelter cats and dogs and their ectoparasites.abstract mainly through vector transmission, domestic cats and dogs are infected by several bartonella spp. and represent a large reservoir for human infections. this study investigated the relationship of prevalences of bartonella infection in shelter dogs and cats and various ectoparasite species infesting them (fleas, ticks, and lice). moreover, relationships between bartonella infection and animal gender and age and presence of ectoparasites were analyzed. blood samples were collected from 1 ...201021142966
improved detection of bartonella dna in mammalian hosts and arthropod vectors by real-time pcr using the nadh dehydrogenase gamma subunit (nuog).we used a whole-genome scanning technique to identify the nadh dehydrogenase gamma subunit (nuog) primer set that is sensitive and specific enough to detect a diverse number of bartonella species in a wide range of environmental samples yet maintains minimal cross-reactivity to mammalian host and arthropod vector organisms.201020926707
microbiology. interacting parasites. 201020929765
feline bartonellosis.bartonella infection is common among domestic cats, but the role of bartonella species as feline pathogens requires further study. most bartonella species that infect cats are zoonotic. cats are the mammalian reservoir and vector for bartonella henselae, an important zoonotic agent. cat fleas transmit bartonella among cats, and cats with fleas are an important source of human b henselae infections. new information about bartonella as feline pathogens has recently been published, and this article ...201020933137
variability of bartonella genotypes among small mammals in spain.in order to study which bartonella genotypes are circulating among small mammals in spain, we analyzed the spleens of 395 animals from three different areas-247 animals from the basque country (northern spain), 121 animals from catalonia (northeastern spain), and 27 animals from madrid (central spain)-by a triplex pcr combined with a reverse line blot previously described by our group. the prevalence of bartonella was 26.8% (106/395), and in 4.8% (19/395) of the animals more than one bartonella ...201020935117
[cat-scratch disease]. 201020942049
isolation of bartonella capreoli from elk.the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of bartonella infections in elk populations. we report the isolation of four bartonella strains from 55 elk blood samples. sequencing analysis demonstrated that all four strains belong to bartonella capreoli, a bacterium that was originally described in the wild roe deer of europe. our finding first time demonstrated that b. capreoli has a wide geographic range, and that elk may be another host for this bacterium. further investigation ...201020961711
combined action of the type iv secretion effector proteins bepc and bepf promotes invasome formation of bartonella henselae on endothelial and epithelial cells.bartonella henselae (bhe) can invade human endothelial cells (ecs) by two distinguishable entry routes: either individually by endocytosis or as large bacterial aggregates by invasome-mediated internalization. only the latter process is dependent on a functional virb/vird4 type iv secretion system (t4ss) and the thereby translocated bep effector proteins. here, we introduce hela cells as a new cell system suitable to study invasome formation. we describe a novel route to trigger invasome formati ...201020964799
bartonella henselae and the potential for arthropod vector-borne transmission.abstract introduction: bartonella henselae, the causative agent of the illness referred to as cat scratch disease, is a common infection, particularly in children, and clinicians need to be aware of its potential transmission to humans by arthropod vectors such as fleas and ticks in addition to animal bites and scratches. the absence of a vertebrate bite or scratch does not preclude infection with b. henselae. materials and methods: literature regarding arthropod transmission of b. henselae was ...201020973657
cardiac troponin-i concentrations in dogs with bradyarrhythmias before and after artificial pacing.to quantify cardiac troponin-i (ctni) concentration in dogs with symptomatic bradyarrhythmias before and after artificial pacing and to correlate ctni concentration with diagnosis, echocardiographic parameters, serology, and outcome.201021030328
occlusive vasculitis and optic disk neovascularization associated with neuroretinitis.to report a case of neuroretinitis associated with ischemic nasal branch retinal vein occlusion, periphlebitis, and neovascularization of the optic disk.201021034304
a comparative study of the interaction of bartonella henselae strains with human endothelial cells.bartonella henselae can cause a wide range of clinical outcomes and may lead to severe disease, especially in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. it is well-known that b. henselae-induced cell proliferation is mediated by anti-apoptotic activity; however, the detailed mechanism is still unclear. in this study, the cellular responses of endothelial cells after infection with four b. henselae strains were compared and protein candidates that may be involved in the interaction between ...201021035278
prevalence and genetic diversity of bartonella species detected in different tissues of small mammals in nepal.bartonellae were detected in a total of 152 (23.7%) of 642 tissues from 108 (48.4%) of 223 small mammals trapped in several urban areas of nepal. based on rpob and glta sequence analyses, genotypes belonging to seven known bartonella species and five genotypes not belonging to previously known species were identified in these animals.201021037303
relevance of feline calicivirus, feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus, feline herpesvirus and bartonella henselae in cats with chronic gingivostomatitis.despite its common occurrence, the aetiology of chronic gingivostomatitis in cats remains uncertain. aetiology is likely multifactorial, and several infectious agents may be associated with chronic gingivostomatitis. the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of feline calicivirus (fcv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), feline leukemia virus (felv), feline herpesvirus (fhv), and bartonella henselae (b. henselae) in cats with chronic gingivostomatitis and in an age-matched co ...201021038808
the bartonella henselae virb/bep system interferes with vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) signalling in human vascular endothelial cells.the vasculotropic pathogen bartonella henselae (bh) intimately interacts with human endothelial cells (ecs) and subverts multiple cellular functions. here we report that bh specifically interferes with vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) signalling in ecs. bh infection abrogated vegf-induced proliferation and wound closure of ec monolayers as well as the capillary-like sprouting of ec spheroids. on the molecular level, bh infection did not alter vegf receptor 2 (vegfr2) expression or cell ...201021044238
[fever of unknown origin and detection of bartonella henselae igg seropositivity: a case report.]bartonella henselae, is a gram-negative bacterium which causes cat scratch disease (csd) in man. there are sporadic case reports of csd in turkey. cats play an important reservoir role for b.henselae transmission to man. in this report, a cat owner with fever of unknown origin was presented. bartonella spp. was isolated from the blood culture of cat which had chronic progressive gingivostomatitis. b.henselae was identified by amplification of a region of citrate synthase (glta) gene by using pol ...201021064000
prevalence of bartonella species dna and antibodies in cats (felis catus) submitted to a spay/neuter program in rio de janeiro, brazil.the prevalence of bartonella species dna and antibodies for bartonella henselae were studied in 40 clinically healthy cats (felis catus, linnaeus 1758) submitted to a spay/neuter program in rio de janeiro, brazil. additionally, the prevalence of bartonella species dna was investigated in the fleas found parasitizing the subject cats. for this purpose, blood samples were obtained from all cats, and dna extraction was performed on the blood, and blood clotted samples, as well as on pools of fleas ...201021071251
the occurrence of spotted fever rickettsioses and other tick-borne infections in forest workers in poland.abstract the presence of antibodies to rickettsia conorii, r. helvetica, r. felis, r. slovaca, r. sibirica, and r. massiliae in sera of 129 forest workers from northeastern and southern poland was assayed by indirect immunofluorescence. previous environmental studies revealed presence of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae in ticks collected from these areas. additionally, the workers were examinated for the presence of antibodies specific to other tick-borne bacteria: anaplasma phagocytophilu ...201021083370
impairment of circulating endothelial progenitors in down syndrome.pathological angiogenesis represents a critical issue in the progression of many diseases. down syndrome is postulated to be a systemic anti-angiogenesis disease model, possibly due to increased expression of anti-angiogenic regulators on chromosome 21. the aim of our study was to elucidate some features of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in the context of this syndrome.201020836844
[treatment of human infections caused by bartonella spp.].infections by bartonella spp. include a wide spectrum of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. there is not a universal therapy for this infection, therefore treatment should be chosen individually. the aim of this review is to update the therapeutics aspects of this kind of infections.201020844840
a first japanese case of bartonella henselae-induced endocarditis diagnosed by prolonged culture of a specimen from the excised valve.bartonella henselae, the causative agent of cat scratch disease, is increasingly recognized as a cause of culture-negative endocarditis. this report describes the first japanese case, which was diagnosed after a prolonged culture of the excised aortic valve. high igg and igm titers to b. henselae pointed to a subacute course of the disease.201020846591
prevalence of select infectious agents in inflammatory aural and nasopharyngeal polyps from client-owned cats.benign, inflammatory polyps may affect the nasopharynx and auditory canal of cats. it has been proposed that inflammation induced by infectious disease agents could trigger polyp formation. the objective of this pilot study was to determine the prevalence of feline herpesvirus-1 (fhv-1), feline calicivirus (fcv), mycoplasma species, bartonella species and chlamydophila felis nucleic acids in polyp tissues collected from 30 clinically affected cats. samples collected from the tympanic bulla from ...201020850367
evidence of transfer by conjugation of type iv secretion system genes between bartonella species and rhizobium radiobacter in amoeba.bartonella species cospeciate with mammals and live within erythrocytes. even in these specific niches, it has been recently suggested by bioinformatic analysis of full genome sequences that lateral gene transfer (lgt) may occur but this has never been demonstrated biologically. here we describe the sequence of the b. rattaustraliani (aust/nh4(t)) circular plasmid (pnh4) that encodes the tra cluster of the type iv secretion system (t4ss) and we eventually provide evidence that bartonella species ...201020856925
combined mlst and aflp typing of bartonella henselae isolated from cats reveals new sequence types and suggests clonal evolution.bartonella species are gram-negative, fastidious bacteria. bartonella henselae is found in cats and transmitted to humans via cat scratches or bites causing cat-scratch disease, characterized by clinical symptoms with varying severity. the prevalence of bartonellosis among humans in germany appears to be high, and severe clinical cases have been described. however, epidemiological data of b. henselae in cats are rare. in this study we determined the detection rates of bartonella ssp. in cats by ...201020863631
multi-locus sequence analysis reveals host specific association between bartonella washoensis and squirrels.to clarify phylogenetic relationships and genetic diversity among bartonella washoensis strains obtained from squirrels, multi-locus sequence analysis (mlsa) with the 16s rrna, ftsz, glta, groel, ribc, and rpob genes was applied for 20 strains of b. washoensis isolated from five genera of squirrels (tamias, tamiasciurus, glaucomys, sciurus, and spermophilus) within the family sciuridae. sequence similarities in the concatenated sequences of b. washoensis strains from squirrels of different gener ...201020884133
pathogens and symbionts in ticks: a survey on tick species distribution and presence of tick-transmitted micro-organisms in sardinia, italy.a total of 1485 adult ticks were collected from mammalian hosts in south-eastern sardinia, italy, during the years 2007-2008. ticks were identified and tested by pcr analysis for presence of rickettsia species of the spotted fever group, ehrlichia canis, anaplasma phagocytophilum, coxiella burnetii, bartonella species and leishmania species. among all tick species examined (rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhipicephalus turanicus, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus pusillus, hyalomma marginatum margina ...201020884769
bartonella species in small mammals and their ectoparasites in taiwan.bartonella spp. prevalence in small mammals and their ectoparasites was investigated in taiwan. blood samples were obtained from 66 rats, 20 shrews, 276 mites (laelaps spp.), 74 fleas (xenopsylla cheopis), 81 lice (polyplax spp.), and 47 ticks (41 dermacentor spp. and 6 ixodes spp.). bartonellae were isolated or detected in 27 (31.4%) animals. bartonella dna was detected in 48 (64.9%) fleas and 11 (64.7%) pooled lice samples, but not in mite and tick samples. bartonella phoceensis, b. queensland ...201020889892
cat scratch disease and arthropod vectors: more to it than a scratch?cat scratch disease is a common infection, particularly in children, and clinicians need to be aware of its potential transmission to humans by arthropod vectors such as fleas and ticks in addition to animal bites and scratches. the absence of a vertebrate bite or scratch does not preclude infection with bartonella henselae.201020823366
[neuroretinitis in cat scratch disease].purpose: to present two cases of neuroretinitis in cat scratch disease we present two girls treated in department of ophthalmology of poznai university of medical sciences because of unilateral, painless decrease of vision. both patients presented following cat exposure fever and lymph nodes swelling. ophthalmoscopic findings was neuroretinitis (optic disc edema with the macular star). bartonella henselae antibody titers (igg) were elevated. csd is usually self-limited infection in immunocompete ...201020825068
skin diseases associated with bartonella infection: facts and controversies.the genus bartonella is composed of a series of species and subspecies. ten of them are responsible for human infections. the best-identified diseases are cat scratch disease (b henselae and possibly b clarridgeiae), trench fever (b quintana), bacillary angiomatosis (b quintana and b henselae), and the spectrum of verruga peruana, carrion disease, and oroya fever (b bacilliformis). controversies exist about the implication of a few other microorganisms being involved in these diseases. several o ...201020797506
bartonella genotypes in fleas (insecta: siphonaptera) collected from rodents in the negev desert, israel.fleas collected from rodents in the negev desert in southern israel were molecularly screened for bartonella species. a total of 1,148 fleas, collected from 122 rodents belonging to six species, were pooled in 245 pools based on flea species, sex, and rodent host species. two bartonella gene fragments, corresponding to rna polymerase b (rpob) and citrate synthase (glta), were targeted, and 94 and 74 flea pools were found positive by pcr, respectively. the bartonella 16s-23s internal transcribed ...201020802081
[traveler's fever associated with cervical adenomegaly and antibodies for bartonella sp in a brazilian patient returning from south africa].a large number of travelers visit the african continent annually for studying, tourism or business reasons. the authors report a case of cervical adenomegaly, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly associated with a two-week history of fever and seropositivity for bartonella sp in a 22-year-old female patient who returned from south africa after field work with primates in a wild area.201020802956
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