Publications

the effects of metabolite molecules produced by drinking water-isolated bacteria on their single and multispecies biofilms.	the elucidation of the mechanisms by which diverse species survive and interact in drinking water (dw) biofilm communities may allow the identification of new biofilm control strategies. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of metabolite molecules produced by bacteria isolated from dw on biofilm formation. six opportunistic bacteria, viz. acinetobacter calcoaceticus, burkholderia cepacia, methylobacterium sp., mycobacterium mucogenicum, sphingomonas capsulata and staph ...	2011	21732713
enhanced biosurfactant production through cloning of three genes and role of esterase in biosurfactant release.	biosurfactants have been reported to utilize a number of immiscible substrates and thereby facilitate the biodegradation of panoply of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. olive oil is one such carbon source which has been explored by many researchers. however, studying the concomitant production of biosurfactant and esterase enzyme in the presence of olive oil in the bacillus species and its recombinants is a relatively novel approach.	2011	21707984
renewable energy from cyanobacteria: energy production optimization by metabolic pathway engineering.	the need to develop and improve sustainable energy resources is of eminent importance due to the finite nature of our fossil fuels. this review paper deals with a third generation renewable energy resource which does not compete with our food resources, cyanobacteria. we discuss the current state of the art in developing different types of bioenergy (ethanol, biodiesel, hydrogen, etc.) from cyanobacteria. the major important biochemical pathways in cyanobacteria are highlighted, and the possibil ...	2011	21691792
whole-genome sequence of a multidrug resistant clinical isolate of acinetobacter lwoffii.	acinetobacter lwoffii has been considered as opportunistic pathogen that can cause nosocomial infections in humans. here, we present the genome sequence of a clinical isolate, a. lwoffii wj10621, a multidrug resistant isolate that carries a plasmid with ndm-1 resistance gene.	2011	21742884
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus- Acinetobacter baumannii complex species in clinical specimens in Singapore.	SUMMARYThis study was performed to determine the prevalence, distribution of specimen sources, and antimicrobial susceptibility of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii (Acb) species complex in Singapore. One hundred and ninety-three non-replicate Acb species complex clinical isolates were collected from six hospitals over a 1-month period in 2006. Of these, 152 (78-À7%) were identified as A. baumannii, 18 (9-À3%) as 'Acinetobacter pittii' [genomic species (gen. sp.) 3], and 23 ...	2011	21733253
Impact of Carbapenem Resistance and Receipt of Active Antimicrobial Therapy on Clinical Outcomes of Acinetobacter baumannii Bloodstream Infections.	Nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii blood stream infections carry significant prevalence and mortality. The relationship between carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii and patient outcomes remains unclear. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with A. baumannii bacteremia. Outcomes, controlling for confounders, were compared for carbapenem non-resistant A. baumannii (CNRAB) and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB). The primary outcome studied was all-cause hospital mortality, ...	2011	21825287
decolorization characteristics and mechanism of victoria blue r removal by acinetobacter calcoaceticus yc210.	acinetobacter calcoaceticus yc210 has been isolated and its ability to remove victoria blue r (vbr) from aqueous solution was assessed. the effects of various factors on decolorization efficiency were investigated in a batch system. the decolorization efficiency was found to be optimal within a ph of 5-7 and increased with vbr concentration up to 450 mg/l with high efficiency (94.5%) in a short time. the decolorization efficiency was significantly affected by cell concentrations. the decolorizat ...	2011	21955656
identification of bacteria from the oral cavity and cloaca of snakes imported from vietnam.	reptiles are used for various purposes these days, including public exhibits, medicinal applications, and as laboratory animals. as the international exchange of reptiles has gradually increased, more people have had the opportunity to come in contact with these animals. snakes typically live in the rhizosphere where various bacterial strains exist and as such they can lead to opportunistic human diseases. when snakes are encountered in veterinary medicine, it is necessary to monitor their micro ...	2011	21998610
Different genospecies of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex associated with different outcomes.		2011	21967876
Comparative genomics of the type VI secretion systems of Pantoea and Erwinia species reveals the presence of putative effector islands that may be translocated by the VgrG and Hcp proteins.	ABSTRACT:	2011	22115407
characterization and engineering of a novel pyrroloquinoline quinone dependent glucose dehydrogenase from sorangium cellulosum so ce56.	a novel pyrroloquinoline quinone dependent glucose dehydrogenase like enzyme (pqq gdh) was isolated from sorangium cellulosum so ce56. the putative coding region was cloned, over expressed in e. coli and the resulting enzyme was characterized. the recombinant protein has a relative molecular mass of 63 kda and shows 43% homology to pqq gdh-b from acinetobacter calcoaceticus. in the presence of pqq and cacl₂ the enzyme has dehydrogenase activity with the substrate glucose as well as with other mo ...	2011	20886312
infection in conflict wounded.	although mechanisms of modern military wounding may be distinct from those of ancient conflicts, the infectious sequelae of ballistic trauma and the evolving microbial flora of war wounds remain a considerable burden on both the injured combatant and their deployed medical systems. battlefield surgeons of ancient times favoured suppuration in war wounding and as such galenic encouragement of pus formation would hinder progress in wound care for centuries. napoleonic surgeons eventually abandoned ...	2011	21149356
biofilm formation at the solid-liquid and air-liquid interfaces by acinetobacter species.		2011	21223561
biodegradation of shellfish wastes and production of chitosanases by a squid pen-assimilating bacterium, acinetobacter calcoaceticus tku024.	two chitosanases (chsa1 and chsa2) were purified from the culture supernatant of acinetobacter calcoaceticus tku024 with squid pen as the sole carbon/nitrogen source. the molecular masses of chsa1 and chsa2 determined by sds-page were approximately 27 and 66 kda, respectively. the optimum ph, optimum temperature, ph stability, and thermal stability of chsa1 and chsa2 were (ph 6, 50°c, ph 4-10, <90°c) and (ph 7, 60°c, ph 6-11, <70°c), respectively. chsa1 and chsa2 had broad ph and thermal stabili ...	2011	21225318
advances in the management of sepsis and the understanding of key immunologic defects.	anesthesiologists are increasingly confronting the difficult problem of caring for patients with sepsis in the operating room and in the intensive care unit. sepsis occurs in more than 750,000 patients in the united states annually and is responsible for more than 210,000 deaths. approximately 40% of all intensive care unit patients have sepsis on admission to the intensive care unit or experience sepsis during their stay in the intensive care unit. there have been significant advances in the un ...	2011	21952252
the role of synthetic biology in the design of microbial cell factories for biofuel production.	insecurity in the supply of fossil fuels, volatile fuel prices, and major concerns regarding climate change have sparked renewed interest in the production of fuels from renewable resources. because of this, the use of biodiesel has grown dramatically during the last few years and is expected to increase even further in the future. biodiesel production through the use of microbial systems has marked a turning point in the field of biofuels since it is emerging as an attractive alternative to con ...	2011	22028591
evolutionary view of acyl-coa diacylglycerol acyltransferase (dgat), a key enzyme in neutral lipid biosynthesis.	triacylglycerides (tags) are a class of neutral lipids that represent the most important storage form of energy for eukaryotic cells. dgat (acyl-coa: diacylglycerol acyltransferase; ec 2.3.1.20) is a transmembrane enzyme that acts in the final and committed step of tag synthesis, and it has been proposed to be the rate-limiting enzyme in plant storage lipid accumulation. in fact, two different enzymes identified in several eukaryotic species, dgat1 and dgat2, are the main enzymes responsible for ...	2011	21933415
functional characterization of a ficolin-mediated complement pathway in amphioxus.	the ficolin-mediated complement pathway plays an important role in vertebrate immunity, but it is not clear whether this pathway exists in invertebrates. here we identified homologs of ficolin pathway components from the cephalochordate amphioxus and investigated whether they had been co-opted into a functional ficolin pathway. four of these homologs, ficolin fcn1, serine protease masp1 and masp3, and complement component c3, were highly expressed in mucosal tissues and gonads, and were signific ...	2011	21832079
infection-associated clinical outcomes in hospitalized medical evacuees after traumatic injury: trauma infectious disease outcome study.		2011	21795875
enterobacteriaceae in mouth and cloaca of podocnemis expansa and p. unifilis (testudines: chelonia) populations of national park of araguaia plains, brazil.	shigella flexnerii and escherichia coli were the most frequent gram-negative bacteria found in the mouth cavity and cloacae of the turtles podocnemis expansa and p. unifilis on beaches in the national park of araguaia, brazil. reptiles are known as salmonella carriers, despite rarely isolated in these turtles.	2011	24031664
bacterial identification by 16s rrna gene pcr-hybridization as a supplement to negative culture results.	pcr-hybridization was compared to culture methods for evaluating suspected blood infections. a total of 231 clinical samples from blood culture bottles that were flagged positive by the bact/alert system or were negative 1 week after inoculation were tested. when the pcr-hybridization and culture method results were compared, the positive and negative concordance rates were 99.2% (122/123) and 89.5% (94/105), respectively. of the negative blood cultures, 10.5% (11/105) were positive by pcr-hybri ...	2011	21430102
environmental applications of biosurfactants: recent advances.	increasing public awareness of environmental pollution influences the search and development of technologies that help in clean up of organic and inorganic contaminants such as hydrocarbons and metals. an alternative and eco-friendly method of remediation technology of environments contaminated with these pollutants is the use of biosurfactants and biosurfactant-producing microorganisms. the diversity of biosurfactants makes them an attractive group of compounds for potential use in a wide varie ...	2011	21340005
occurrence of plasmids in the aromatic degrading bacterioplankton of the baltic sea.	plasmids are mobile genetic elements that provide their hosts with many beneficial traits including in some cases the ability to degrade different aromatic compounds. to fulfill the knowledge gap regarding catabolic plasmids of the baltic sea water, a total of 209 biodegrading bacterial strains were isolated and screened for the presence of these mobile genetic elements. we found that both large and small plasmids are common in the cultivable baltic sea bacterioplankton and are particularly prev ...	2011	24710296
use of growing cells of pseudomonas aeruginosa for synthesis of the natural vanillin via conversion of isoeugenol.	the great demand of people for consumption of natural additives resulted in producing natural vanillin. there are plant sources and chemical procedures for vanillin production but microbial bioconversions are being sought as a suitable alternative. in the present work, the ability to produce vanillin from isoeugenol was screened using growing cultures of various bacteria. among the 56 strains of bacteria isolated from the soil environments of iran, a gram-negative rod designated as strain ispc2 ...	2011	24250410
ecological significance of microdiversity: coexistence among casing soil bacterial strains through allocation of nutritional resource.	a combination of cultivation-based methods with a molecular biological approach was employed to investigate whether bacteria with identical 16s rrna gene sequences can represent distinct eco- and genotypes. a set of eight bacterial strains wherein three were pseudomonas putida and rest were acinetobacter calcoaceticus, were isolated from casing soils community by conventional plating. these strains had identical 16s rrna gene sequences and represented the dominant phylotype in the plateable frac ...	2011	22282622
pharmacokinetics and safety of single and multiple doses of achn-490 injection administered intravenously in healthy subjects.	achn-490 is an aminoglycoside with activity against multidrug-resistant pathogens, including those resistant to currently used aminoglycosides. two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical studies investigated the pharmacokinetics (pk), safety, and tolerability of achn-490 injection in healthy subjects. study 1 used a parallel-group design with escalating single (sd) and multiple doses (md). study 2 explored a longer duration of the highest dose tolerated in the first study. subject ...	2011	21911572
hexavalent chromium reduction and accumulation by acinetobacter ab1 isolated from fez tanneries in morocco.	hexavalent chromium reduction and accumulation by acinetobacter ab1 isolated from fez tanneries effluents were tested. the effects of some environmental factors such as ph, temperature, and exposure time on cr(vi) reduction and resistance were investigated. we found that this strain was able to resist to concentrations as high as 400 mg/l of cr(vi). moreover, ph 10 and the temperature 30°c constitute favourable conditions to the growth and reduction of acinetobacter ab1. complete reduction of cr ...	2011	23459068
first identification and characterization of an adeabc-like efflux pump in acinetobacter genomospecies 13tu.	non-acinetobacter baumannii spp. are emerging among clinical acinetobacter isolates causing nosocomial infections, and some (such as genomospecies 13tu) appear to be multidrug resistant. the prevalence of non-acinetobacter baumannii spp. in the hospital setting is likely understated due to poor identification techniques. we report the first identification of an adeabc-type efflux pump in an acinetobacter genomospecies 13tu clinical isolate, its contribution to multidrug resistance, and the coexi ...	2011	21199925
decolorization of textile dyes and degradation of mono-azo dye amaranth by acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncim 2890.	acinetobacter calcoaceticus ncim 2890 (a. caloaceticus) was found to decolorize 20 different textile dyes of various classes. decolorization of an azo dye amaranth was observed effectively (91%) at static anoxic condition, whereas agitated culture grew well but showed less decolorization (68%) within 48 h of incubation. induction of intracellular and extracellular lignin peroxidase, intracellular laccase, dichlorophenol indophenol (dcip) reductase and riboflavin reductase represented their invol ...	2011	23024414
phylogenetic study of sponge associated bacteria from the lakshadweep archipelago and the antimicrobial activities of their secondary metabolites.	marine ecosystem of the lakshadweep archipelago is unique and known to have a very high degree of biodiversity with a number of endemic flora and fauna. the present study focuses to isolate the endosymbiotic microorganism from sponges and its effectiveness against marine ornamental fish pathogens. the sponges were collected from agatti island of lakshadweep archipelago and identified as clathria procera, sigmadocia fibulata and dysidea granulosa. in which, 15 different types of bacteria were iso ...	2011	22806873
application of amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis in identification of acinetobacter baumannii from a tertiary teaching hospital, malaysia.	acinetobacter baumannii, genomic species 3 and 13tu are being increasingly reported as the most important acinetobacter species that cause infections in hospitalized patients. these acinetobacter species are grouped in the acinetobacter calcoaceticus- acinetobacter baumannii (acb) complex. differentiation of the species in the acb-complex is limited by phenotypic methods. therefore, in this study, amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra) was applied to confirm the identity a. baumann ...	2011	22433885
enrichment and characterization of an autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing archaeon of mesophilic crenarchaeal group i.1a from an agricultural soil.	soil nitrification is an important process for agricultural productivity and environmental pollution. though one cultivated representative of ammonia-oxidizing archaea from soil has been described, additional representatives warrant characterization. we describe an ammonia-oxidizing archaeon (strain my1) in a highly enriched culture derived from agricultural soil. fluorescence in situ hybridization microscopy showed that, after 2 years of enrichment, the culture was composed of >90% archaeal cel ...	2011	22003023
diversity of 16s-23s rdna internal transcribed spacer (its) reveals phylogenetic relationships in burkholderia pseudomallei and its near-neighbors.	length polymorphisms within the 16s-23s ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer (its) have been described as stable genetic markers for studying bacterial phylogenetics. in this study, we used these genetic markers to investigate phylogenetic relationships in burkholderia pseudomallei and its near-relative species. b. pseudomallei is known as one of the most genetically recombined bacterial species. in silico analysis of multiple b. pseudomallei genomes revealed approximately four homologous r ...	2011	22195045
analysis of genes encoding penicillin-binding proteins in clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii.	there is limited information on the role of penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) in the resistance of acinetobacter baumannii to β-lactams. this study presents an analysis of the allelic variations of pbp genes in a. baumannii isolates. twenty-six a. baumannii clinical isolates (susceptible or resistant to carbapenems) from three teaching hospitals in spain were included. the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, clonal pattern, and genomic species identification were also evaluated. based on the ...	2011	21947403
multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat profiling of salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates from blood cultures and gallbladder specimens from makassar, south-sulawesi, indonesia.	multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis differentiated 297 salmonella enterica serovar typhi blood culture isolates from makassar in 76 genotypes and a single unique s. typhi genotype was isolated from the cholecystectomy specimens of four patients with cholelithiasis. the high diversity in s. typhi genotypes circulating in makassar indicates that the number of carriers could be very large, which may complicate disease prevention and control.	2011	21949819
Antimicrobial resistance determinants in imipenem-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex isolated in Daejeon, Korea.	Members of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (Acb) complex are important opportunistic bacterial pathogens and present significant therapeutic challenges in the treatment of nosocomial infections. In the present study, we investigated the integrons and various genes involved in resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones in 56 imipenem-nonsusceptible Acb complex isolates.	2011	22016680
a comprehensive evaluation of colonic mucosal isolates of sutterella wadsworthensis from inflammatory bowel disease.	inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) arises in genetically susceptible individuals as a result of an unidentified environmental trigger, possibly a hitherto unknown bacterial pathogen. twenty-six clinical isolates of sutterella wadsworthensis were obtained from 134 adults and 61 pediatric patients undergoing colonoscopy, of whom 69 and 29 respectively had ibd. s. wadsworthensis was initially more frequently isolated from ibd subjects, hence this comprehensive study was undertaken to elucidate its ro ...	2011	22073125
Outbreak of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii complex harboring different carbapenemase gene-associated genetic structures in an intensive care unit.	BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical and molecular epidemiology of the imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-Acinetobacter baumannii (IRAcb) complex during an outbreak in an intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: Forty-six clinical and 11 environmental isolates of the IRAcb complex were collected from the ICU of Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan between December 2003 and March 2004. These isolates were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Carbapene ...	2011	22169123
Identification of the Midgut Microbiota of An. stephensi and An. maculipennis for Their Application as a Paratransgenic Tool against Malaria.	The midgut microbiota associated with Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles maculipennis (Diptera: Culicidae) was investigated for development of a paratransgenesis-based approach to control malaria transmission in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). Here, we present the results of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and biochemical-based approaches to identify the female adult and larvae mosquitoe microbiota of these two major malaria vectors, originated from South Eastern and North of Iran. Plating ...	2011	22163022
Biosurfactant-mediated biodegradation of straight and methyl-branched alkanes by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 55925.	ABSTRACT: Accidental oil spills and waste disposal are important sources for environmental pollution. We investigated the biodegradation of alkanes by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 55925 in relation to a rhamnolipid surfactant produced by the same bacterial strain. Results showed that the linear C11-C21 compounds in a heating oil sample degraded from 6% to 100%, whereas the iso-alkanes tended to be recalcitrant unless they were exposed to the biosurfactant; under such condition total biodegradatio ...	2011	21906343
identification of the naturally occurring genes encoding carbapenem-hydrolysing oxacillinases from acinetobacter haemolyticus, acinetobacter johnsonii, and acinetobacter calcoaceticus.	clin microbiol infect abstract: carbapenem resistance is increasingly being reported among acinetobacter species, and results mostly from the expression of acquired carbapenem-hydrolysing oxacillinases (chdls). several acinetobacter species intrinsically possess chromosomal chdl genes: acinetobacter baumannii (bla(oxa-51) ), acinetobacter radioresistens (bla(oxa-23) ), and acinetobacter lwoffii (bla(oxa-134) ). we aimed to identify the progenitors of novel chdl-encoding genes for identification ...	2011	22128805
integrated analysis of three bacterial conjunctivitis trials of besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension, 0.6%: etiology of bacterial conjunctivitis and antibacterial susceptibility profile.	the purpose of this paper is to report on the bacterial species isolated from patients with bacterial conjunctivitis participating in three clinical trials of besifloxacin ophthalmic suspension, 0.6%, and their in vitro antibacterial susceptibility profiles.	2011	22034556
distribution of genes encoding nucleoid-associated protein homologs in plasmids.	bacterial nucleoid-associated proteins (naps) form nucleoprotein complexes and influence the expression of genes. recent studies have shown that some plasmids carry genes encoding nap homologs, which play important roles in transcriptional regulation networks between plasmids and host chromosomes. in this study, we determined the distributions of the well-known naps fis, h-ns, hu, ihf, and lrp and the newly found naps mvat and ndpa among the whole-sequenced 1382 plasmids found in gram-negative b ...	2011	21350637
rapid identification of acinetobacter spp. by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) from colony and blood culture material.	multi-drug-resistant strains of the acinetobacter baumannii complex cause nosocomial infections. rapid identification of acinetobacter spp. is desirable in order to facilitate therapeutic or hygiene decisions. we evaluated a newly designed dna probe that can be used under standard conditions in both a microwave oven and a slide chamber for the rapid identification of acinetobacter spp. by fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish). using fish, the new probe correctly identified 81/81 acinetobacte ...	2011	24516735
review of glucose oxidases and glucose dehydrogenases: a bird's eye view of glucose sensing enzymes.	the evolution from first-generation through third-generation glucose sensors has witnessed the appearance of a number of very diverse oxidoreductases, which vary tremendously in terms of origin, structure, substrate specificity, cofactor used as primary electron acceptor, and acceptable final electron acceptor. this article summarizes our present knowledge of redox enzymes currently utilized in commercially available glucose monitoring systems to promote a fuller appreciation of enzymatic proper ...	2011	22027299
rapid method for isolation of desiccation-tolerant strains and xeroprotectants.	a novel biotechnological process has been developed for the isolation of desiccation-tolerant microorganisms and their xeroprotectants, i.e., compatible solutes involved in long-term stability of biomolecules in the dry state. following exposure of soil samples to chloroform, we isolated a collection of desiccation-tolerant microorganisms. this collection was screened for the production of xeroprotectants by a variation of the bacterial milking (osmotic downshock) procedure and by a novel air-dr ...	2010	20562279
in vitro activity of tigecycline against patient isolates collected during phase 3 clinical trials for hospital acquired pneumonia.	the in vitro activity of tigecycline was evaluated against 819 baseline pathogens isolated from 383 patients enrolled in the phase 3 clinical trial investigating the efficacy of tigecycline in hospital acquired pneumonia (hap). the trials were global, enrolling patients in 27 countries. tigecycline was active against the most prevalent pathogens in hap, including gram-positive and gram-negative strains (90% of mics ≤2 µg/ml for the entire collection). the spectrum of activity of tigecycline incl ...	2010	24470884
family 6 glycosyltransferases in vertebrates and bacteria: inactivation and horizontal gene transfer may enhance mutualism between vertebrates and bacteria.	glycosyltransferases (gts) control the synthesis and structures of glycans. inactivation and intense allelic variation in members of the gt6 family generate species-specific and individual variations in carbohydrate structures, including histo-blood group oligosaccharides, resulting in anti-glycan antibodies that target glycan-decorated pathogens. gt6 genes are ubiquitous in vertebrates but are otherwise rare, existing in a few bacteria, one protozoan, and cyanophages, suggesting lateral gene tr ...	2010	20870714
comparison of traditional phenotypic identification methods with partial 5' 16s rrna gene sequencing for species-level identification of nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli.	correct identification of nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (nfb) is crucial for patient management. we compared phenotypic identifications of 96 clinical nfb isolates with identifications obtained by 5' 16s rrna gene sequencing. sequencing identified 88 isolates (91.7%) with >99% similarity to a sequence from the assigned species; 61.5% of sequencing results were concordant with phenotypic results, indicating the usability of sequencing to identify nfb.	2010	20164273
skew-laplace and cell-size distribution in microbial axenic cultures: statistical assessment and biological interpretation.	we report a skew-laplace statistical analysis of both flow cytometry scatters and cell size from microbial strains primarily grown in batch cultures, others in chemostat cultures and bacterial aquatic populations. cytometry scatters best fit the skew-laplace distribution while cell size as assessed by an electronic particle analyzer exhibited a moderate fitting. unlike the cultures, the aquatic bacterial communities clearly do not fit to a skew-laplace distribution. due to its versatile nature, ...	2010	20592754
chemical, physical and biological approaches to prevent ochratoxin induced toxicoses in humans and animals.	ochratoxins are polyketide derived fungal secondary metabolites with nephrotoxic, immunosuppressive, teratogenic, and carcinogenic properties. ochratoxin-producing fungi may contaminate agricultural products in the field (preharvest spoilage), during storage (postharvest spoilage), or during processing. ochratoxin contamination of foods and feeds poses a serious health hazard to animals and humans. several strategies have been investigated for lowering the ochratoxin content in agricultural prod ...	2010	22069658
biodegradation of ochratoxin a for food and feed decontamination.	ochratoxin a (ota) is one of the most important mycotoxins that is found in food and feed products. it has proven toxic properties, being primarily known for its nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity to certain animal species. ota is produced by several species of aspergillus and penicillium that can be found in a wide variety of agricultural products, which makes the presence of ota in these products common. many countries have statutory limits for ota, and concentrations need to be reduced to as ...	2010	22069627
influence of tetracycline resistance on the transport of manure-derived escherichia coli in saturated porous media.	in this research, tetracycline resistant (tet(r)) and tetracycline susceptible (tet(s)) escherichia coli isolates were retrieved from dairy manure and the influence of tetracycline resistance on the transport of e. coli in saturated porous media was investigated through laboratory column transport experiments. experimental results showed that tet(r)e. coli strains had higher mobility than the tet(s) strains in saturated porous media. measurements of cell surface properties suggested that tet(r)e ...	2010	21211813
influence of tetracycline resistance on the transport of manure-derived escherichia coli in saturated porous media.	in this research, tetracycline resistant (tet(r)) and tetracycline susceptible (tet(s)) escherichia coli isolates were retrieved from dairy manure and the influence of tetracycline resistance on the transport of e. coli in saturated porous media was investigated through laboratory column transport experiments. experimental results showed that tet(r)e. coli strains had higher mobility than the tet(s) strains in saturated porous media. measurements of cell surface properties suggested that tet(r)e ...	2010	21211813
recommended design features of future clinical trials of antibacterial agents for hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia.		2010	20597666
antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and toxicity test of pilea microphylla.	a total of 9 plant extracts were tested, using two different kinds of extracting methods to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from pilea microphylla (urticaceae family) and including toxicity test. antioxidant activity were tested by using dpph free radical scavenging, also total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents were determined. toxicity assay carried out by using brine shrimps. methanol extract of method i (me i) showed the highest antioxidant activity at 69.51 ...	2010	20652052
fungal biodegradation and enzymatic modification of lignin.	lignin, the most abundant aromatic biopolymer on earth, is extremely recalcitrant to degradation. by linking to both hemicellulose and cellulose, it creates a barrier to any solutions or enzymes and prevents the penetration of lignocellulolytic enzymes into the interior lignocellulosic structure. some basidiomycetes white-rot fungi are able to degrade lignin efficiently using a combination of extracellular ligninolytic enzymes, organic acids, mediators and accessory enzymes. this review describe ...	2010	21968746
ochratoxin a in ruminants−a review on its degradation by gut microbes and effects on animals.	ruminants are much less sensitive to ochratoxin a (ota) than non-ruminants. the ruminal microbes, with protozoa being a central group, degrade the mycotoxin extensively, with disappearance half lives of 0.6-3.8 h. however, in some studies ota was detected systemically when using sensitive analytical methods, probably due to some rumen bypass at proportions of estimated 2-6.5% of dosage (maximum 10%). high concentrate proportions and high feeding levels are dietary factors promoting the likelines ...	2010	22069612
concomitant production of protease and lipase by bacillus licheniformis vsg1: production, purification and characterization.	this study was aimed at producing protease and lipase simultaneously on a common medium by bacillus licheniformis vsg1, which was isolated from a tannery effluent. the effect of media composition with respect to protein source, lipid source and emulsifier on the production of protease and lipase was analysed. both those enzymes were produced under optimized conditions like ph, temperature and incubation time. the enzyme mixture comprising of both protease and lipase was purified by ammonium sulp ...	2010	24031479
hydrophobic substances induce water stress in microbial cells.	ubiquitous noxious hydrophobic substances, such as hydrocarbons, pesticides and diverse industrial chemicals, stress biological systems and thereby affect their ability to mediate biosphere functions like element and energy cycling vital to biosphere health. such chemically diverse compounds may have distinct toxic activities for cellular systems; they may also share a common mechanism of stress induction mediated by their hydrophobicity. we hypothesized that the stressful effects of, and cellul ...	2010	21255365
performance of enhanced biological sbr process for aniline treatment by mycelial pellet as biomass carrier.	mycelial pellet of aspergillus niger y3 was used as a biomass carrier to immobilize the aniline-degrading bacterium, acinetobacter calcoaceticus jh-9 and the mix culture of the cod rapid degradation bacteria. in order to investigate its removal effect on aniline and cod, the combined mycelial pellets were applied in the sbr. comparison of the performances was conducted between another sbr inoculated with sole strain jh-9 and the above sbr. the results showed that the stable degradations of anili ...	2010	21256002
quinone-dependent d-lactate dehydrogenase dld (cg1027) is essential for growth of corynebacterium glutamicum on d-lactate.	corynebacterium glutamicum is able to grow with lactate as sole or combined carbon and energy source. quinone-dependent l-lactate dehydrogenase lldd is known to be essential for utilization of l-lactate by c. glutamicum. d-lactate also serves as sole carbon source for c. glutamicum atcc 13032.	2010	21159175
development of an immunochromatographic strip for simple detection of penicillin-binding protein 2'.	infections with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus (mr-cns) are a serious problem in hospitals because these bacteria produce penicillin-binding protein 2' (pbp2' or pbp2a), which shows low affinity to β-lactam antibiotics. furthermore, the bacteria show resistance to a variety of antibiotics. identification of these pathogens has been carried out mainly by the oxacillin susceptibility test, which takes several days to p ...	2010	21177917
development of an immunochromatographic strip for simple detection of penicillin-binding protein 2'.	infections with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus (mr-cns) are a serious problem in hospitals because these bacteria produce penicillin-binding protein 2' (pbp2' or pbp2a), which shows low affinity to β-lactam antibiotics. furthermore, the bacteria show resistance to a variety of antibiotics. identification of these pathogens has been carried out mainly by the oxacillin susceptibility test, which takes several days to p ...	2010	21177917
genes but not genomes reveal bacterial domestication of lactococcus lactis.	the population structure and diversity of lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, a major industrial bacterium involved in milk fermentation, was determined at both gene and genome level. seventy-six lactococcal isolates of various origins were studied by different genotyping methods and thirty-six strains displaying unique macrorestriction fingerprints were analyzed by a new multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme. this gene-based analysis was compared to genomic characteristics determined by pulsed ...	2010	21179431
a beta-barrel outer membrane protein facilitates cellular uptake of polychlorophenols in cupriavidus necator.	the tcprxabcyd operon of cupriavidus necator jmp134 is involved in the degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (tcp). all of the gene products except tcpy have assigned functions in tcp metabolism. sequence comparison identified tcpy as a member of cog4313, a group of hypothetical proteins. tcpy has a signal peptide, indicating it is a membrane or secreted protein. secondary structure and topology analysis indicated tcpy as a beta-barrel outer membrane protein, similar to the escherichia coli outer ...	2010	19937267
a beta-barrel outer membrane protein facilitates cellular uptake of polychlorophenols in cupriavidus necator.	the tcprxabcyd operon of cupriavidus necator jmp134 is involved in the degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (tcp). all of the gene products except tcpy have assigned functions in tcp metabolism. sequence comparison identified tcpy as a member of cog4313, a group of hypothetical proteins. tcpy has a signal peptide, indicating it is a membrane or secreted protein. secondary structure and topology analysis indicated tcpy as a beta-barrel outer membrane protein, similar to the escherichia coli outer ...	2010	19937267
epidemiology of bloodstream infections in patients with haematological malignancies with and without neutropenia.	all bacterial isolates from 7058 patients admitted to haemato-oncology wards at national taiwan university hospital between 2002 and 2006 were characterized. in total 1307 non-duplicate bloodstream isolates were made from all patients with haematological malignancy; 853 (65%) of these were from neutropenic patients. gram-negative bacteria predominated (60%) in neutropenic isolates with escherichia coli (12%), klebsiella pneumoniae (10%), acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex (6%), and st ...	2010	19941686
bacteremia due to acinetobacter genomic species 10.	six patients with acinetobacter genomic species 10 bacteremia were identified. the clinical features of the patients, phenotypic and genotypic identifications, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and genes flanking isaba1 of the bacteria were described. the results revealed that this bacterium is a potentially lethal pathogen that can cause health care-associated infections in debilitated patients.	2010	19955266
defective in cuticular ridges (dcr) of arabidopsis thaliana, a gene associated with surface cutin formation, encodes a soluble diacylglycerol acyltransferase.	a key step in the triacylglycerol (tag) biosynthetic pathway is the final acylation of diacylglycerol (dag) by dag acyltransferase. in silico analysis has revealed that the dcr (defective in cuticular ridges) (at5g23940) gene has a typical hx(4)d acyltransferase motif at the n-terminal end and a lipid binding motif vx(2)gf at the middle of the sequence. to understand the biochemical function, the gene was overexpressed in escherichia coli, and the purified recombinant protein was found to acylat ...	2010	20921218
multidrug resistant acinetobacter.	emergence and spread of acinetobacter species, resistant to most of the available antimicrobial agents, is an area of great concern. it is now being frequently associated with healthcare associated infections. literature was searched at pubmed, google scholar, and cochrane library, using the terms 'acinetobacter resistance, multidrug resistant (mdr), antimicrobial therapy, outbreak, colistin, tigecycline, ampc enzymes, and carbapenemases in various combinations. the terms such as mdr, extensivel ...	2010	20927292
probing reactivity of pqq-dependent carbohydrate dehydrogenases using artificial electron acceptor.	the kinetic parameters of carbohydrate oxidation catalyzed by acinetobacter calcoaceticus pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) and escherichia coli pqq-dependent aldose sugar dehydrogenase (asdh) were determined using various electron acceptors. the radical cations of organic compounds and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol are the most reactive with both enzymes in presence of glucose. the reactivity of dioxygen with asdh is low; the bimolecular constant k (ox) = 660 m ...	2010	20936374
bacterial stimulation of copper phytoaccumulation by bioaugmentation with rhizosphere bacteria.	copper contaminated areas pose environmental health risk to living organisms. remediation processes are thus required for both crop production and industrial activities. this study employed bioaugmentation with copper resistant bacteria to improve phytoremediation of vineyard soils and copper mining waste contaminated with high copper concentrations. oatmeal plant (avena sativa l.) was used for copper phytoextraction. three copper resistant bacterial isolates from oatmeal rhizosphere (pseudomona ...	2010	20937516
effects of water miscible organic solvents on the activity and conformation of the baeyer-villiger monooxygenases from thermobifida fusca and acinetobacter calcoaceticus: a comparative study.	a broader exploitation of enzymes in organic synthesis can be achieved by increasing their tolerance toward organic solvents. in this study, the stability and activity of baeyer-villiger monooxygenases from thermobifida fusca (pamo) and acinetobacter sp. (chmo) in the presence of water miscible organic solvents were compared. pamo was more stable than chmo. the concentration of solvent (v/v) at which it halved its activity (c(50) ) was 4- to 16-fold higher than that observed for chmo. for pamo, ...	2010	20939006
characterization of the exopolysaccharide produced by salipiger mucosus a3, a halophilic species belonging to the alphaproteobacteria, isolated on the spanish mediterranean seaboard.	we have studied the exopolysaccharide produced by the type strain of salipiger mucosus, a species of halophilic, eps-producing (exopolysaccharide-producing) bacterium belonging to the alphaproteobacteria. the strain, isolated on the mediterranean seaboard, produced a polysaccharide, mainly during its exponential growth phase but also to a lesser extent during the stationary phase. culture parameters influenced bacterial growth and eps production. yield was always directly related to the quantity ...	2010	20948906
etiology and antibacterial susceptibility pattern of community-acquired bacterial ocular infections in a tertiary eye care hospital in south india.	to identify the etiology, incidence and prevalence of ocular bacterial infections, and to assess the in vitro susceptibility of these ocular bacterial isolates to commonly used antibiotics.	2010	20952834
microbial contamination of orthodontic buccal tubes from manufacturers.	this study aimed to test the sterility of new unused orthodontic buccal tubes received from manufacturers. four different types of buccal tubes were used straight from the manufactures package without any additional sterilizing step. of these buccal tubes tested, three genera of bacteria, implicated as opportunistic pathogens, namely micrococcus luteus, staphylococcus haemolyticus and acinetobacter calcoaceticus were recovered from these buccal tubes. our data showing microbial contamination on ...	2010	20957099
modulation of pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm dispersal by a cyclic-di-gmp phosphodiesterase with a putative hypoxia-sensing domain.	pseudomonas aeruginosa encodes many enzymes that are potentially associated with the synthesis or degradation of the widely conserved second messenger cyclic-di-gmp (c-di-gmp). in this study, we show that mutation of rbda, which encodes a fusion protein consisting of pas-pac-ggdef-eal multidomains, results in decreased biofilm dispersal. rbda contains a highly conserved ggdef domain and eal domain, which are involved in the synthesis and degradation of c-di-gmp, respectively. however, in vivo an ...	2010	20971871
increasing fatty acid production in e. coli by simulating the lipid accumulation of oleaginous microorganisms.	unlike many oleaginous microorganisms, e. coli only maintains a small amount of natural lipids in cells, impeding its utility to overproduce fatty acids. in this study, acetyl-coa carboxylase (acc) from acinetobacter calcoaceticus was expressed in e. coli to redirect the carbon flux to the generation of malonyl-coa, which resulted in a threefold increase in intracellular lipids. moreover, providing a high level of nadph by overexpressing malic enzyme and adding malate to the culture medium resul ...	2010	20972897
use of pcr coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for rapid identification of bacterial and yeast bloodstream pathogens from blood culture bottles.	sepsis is among the top 10 causes of mortality in the united states. rapid administration of antibiotics is one of the most important contributors to patient survival, yet only a limited number of methods exist for rapid identification of microbes cultivated from bloodstream infections, which can lead to sepsis. while traditional single-target molecular methods have been shown to greatly improve survival for septic patients by enabling rapid deescalation of broad-spectrum antibiotics, multiplex ...	2010	21048006
use of pcr coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for rapid identification of bacterial and yeast bloodstream pathogens from blood culture bottles.	sepsis is among the top 10 causes of mortality in the united states. rapid administration of antibiotics is one of the most important contributors to patient survival, yet only a limited number of methods exist for rapid identification of microbes cultivated from bloodstream infections, which can lead to sepsis. while traditional single-target molecular methods have been shown to greatly improve survival for septic patients by enabling rapid deescalation of broad-spectrum antibiotics, multiplex ...	2010	21048006
comparison of microbial diversity of edible flowers and basil grown with organic versus conventional methods.	the consumption and use of edible flowers as food is growing; however, no study has been conducted to evaluate their role in the cause of food-borne illness or in food safety. recent food-borne outbreaks traced to fresh herbs have raised concern about their processing and handling. basil, one of the most commonly used fresh herbs, has been identified as a source of food-borne illness. baseline assessments of microflora were performed, and the microbial diversity between growing methods (organic ...	2010	21076485
changing carbapenemase gene pattern in an epidemic multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii lineage causing multiple outbreaks in central italy.	infections caused by multidrug-resistant (mdr) acinetobacter baumannii are a challenging problem worldwide. here, the molecular epidemiology and the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in 111 mdr a. baumannii strains isolated from june 2005 to march 2009 from infected patients in 10 intensive care units (icus) in central italy were investigated.	2010	21088019
changing carbapenemase gene pattern in an epidemic multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii lineage causing multiple outbreaks in central italy.	infections caused by multidrug-resistant (mdr) acinetobacter baumannii are a challenging problem worldwide. here, the molecular epidemiology and the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in 111 mdr a. baumannii strains isolated from june 2005 to march 2009 from infected patients in 10 intensive care units (icus) in central italy were investigated.	2010	21088019
carbon flux rerouting during mycobacterium tuberculosis growth arrest.	a hallmark of the mycobacterium tuberculosis life cycle is the pathogen's ability to switch between replicative and non-replicative states in response to host immunity. transcriptional profiling by qpcr of ∼ 50 m. tuberculosis genes involved in central and lipid metabolism revealed a re-routing of carbon flow associated with bacterial growth arrest during mouse lung infection. carbon rerouting was marked by a switch from metabolic pathways generating energy and biosynthetic precursors in growing ...	2010	21091505
[changes in the bacterial spectrum in severe burn wounds].	to determine the time axis for increase in gram negative bacterial strains in burn wounds during hospitalization.	2010	21110445
increasing imipenem resistance and dissemination of the isaba1-associated blaoxa-23 gene among acinetobacter baumannii isolates in an intensive care unit.	the antibiotic susceptibility of acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii complex strains recovered from the intensive care unit (icu) of west china hospital, sichuan, pr china, from 2006 to 2009 was investigated. the identification of a. baumannii and analysis of carbapenemase-encoding genes and their relationship with isaba1 were performed by pcr. furthermore, a diversilab repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based pcr (rep-pcr) microbial typing system and a multilocus sequenc ...	2010	21127157
systematic review of invasive acinetobacter infections in children.	clinicians are generally familiar with acinetobacter as an etiological agent for serious nosocomial infections in intensive care units. however, there are no previous reviews of the full spectrum of invasive infections in children.	2010	21629616
screening of endophytic bacteria isolated from leaves of sambung nyawa [gynura procumbens (lour.) merr.] for cytokinin-like compounds.	endophytic bacteria are harmless in most plant species; and known to boost the growth and development of the host plants probably by secreting growth hormones. the isolation, identification and screening of endophytic bacteria for the plant growth regulators like cytokinin are needed to get the leads for their applications in agriculture sector. we describe the isolation and identification of the bacterial endophytes from the leaves of sambung nyawa [gynura procumbens (lour.) merr.] and their sc ...	2010	21364796
[peculiarities of ethanol oxidation by the producer of surface-active substances acinetobacter calcoaceticus k-4].	activity of key-enzymes of c2-metabolism was determined in the cells of strain-producer of surface-active substances acinetobacter calcoaceticus k-4 grown on ethanol. it is shown that ethanol and acetaldehyde oxidation in the strain k-4 is performed by pyroquinolinquinon (pqq) and 4-nitroso-n,n-dimethylaniline (ndma)-dependent dehydrogenases. activity of ndma-dependent enzymes was maximum (100-300 nmol min(-1) mg(-1) of protein) in the early exponential growth phase of a. calcoaceticus k-4. avai ...	2010	21381310
[microbial spectrum of respiratory tract in patients with different pulmonary diseases].	to study microbial spectrum of respiratory tract in patients with pulmonary diseases.	2010	21384588
structure, mechanism, and substrate profile for sco3058: the closest bacterial homologue to human renal dipeptidase .	human renal dipeptidase, an enzyme associated with glutathione metabolism and the hydrolysis of beta-lactams, is similar in sequence to a cluster of approximately 400 microbial proteins currently annotated as nonspecific dipeptidases within the amidohydrolase superfamily. the closest homologue to the human renal dipeptidase from a fully sequenced microbe is sco3058 from streptomyces coelicolor. dipeptide substrates of sco3058 were identified by screening a comprehensive series of l-xaa-l-xaa, l- ...	2010	20000809
detection of kpc in acinetobacter spp. in puerto rico.	during an island-wide pcr-based surveillance study of beta-lactam resistance in multidrug-resistant (mdr) escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex isolates obtained from 17 different hospitals, 10 kpc-positive acinetobacter isolates were identified. dna sequencing of the bla(kpc) gene identified kpc-2, -3, and -4 and a novel variant, kpc-10. this is the first report of a kpc-type beta-lactamase identified in acinetobacter ...	2010	20038618
genome organization and characterization of the virulent lactococcal phage 1358 and its similarities to listeria phages.	virulent phage 1358 is the reference member of a rare group of phages infecting lactococcus lactis. electron microscopy revealed a typical icosahedral capsid connected to one of the smallest noncontractile tails found in a lactococcal phage of the siphoviridae family. microbiological characterization identified a burst size of 72 virions released per infected host cell and a latent period of 90 min. the host range of phage 1358 was limited to 3 out of the 60 lactococcal strains tested. moreover, ...	2010	20061452
human pathogens abundant in the bacterial metagenome of cigarettes.	many studies have evaluated chemical, heavy metal, and other abiotic substances present in cigarettes and their roles in the development of lung cancer and other diseases, yet no studies have comprehensively evaluated bacterial diversity of cigarettes and the possible impacts of these microbes on respiratory illnesses in smokers and exposed nonsmokers.	2010	20064769
human pathogens abundant in the bacterial metagenome of cigarettes.	many studies have evaluated chemical, heavy metal, and other abiotic substances present in cigarettes and their roles in the development of lung cancer and other diseases, yet no studies have comprehensively evaluated bacterial diversity of cigarettes and the possible impacts of these microbes on respiratory illnesses in smokers and exposed nonsmokers.	2010	20064769
acute spinal cord injury and infection with multidrug-resistant acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex among returning operation iraqi freedom soldiers: successful innovations in rehabilitation during isolation.	concerns about drug-resistant infectious organisms are increasing in rehabilitation facilities. resulting isolation protocols can potentially challenge the patients' access to medical care, psychological adaptation, mobility, and environmental interaction and therefore hinder the rehabilitation process. we report a systematic, retrospective case review of an active-duty army sergeant who sustained a c5 american spinal cord injury association impairment scale a spinal cord injury while serving in ...	2010	20068440
aminoglycoside resistance and susceptibility testing errors in acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex.	antimicrobial resistance is depleting the pharmacopeia of agents clinically useful against gram-negative bacilli. as the number of active agents diminishes, accurate susceptibility testing becomes critical. we studied the susceptibilities of 107 isolates of the acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex to amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin using disk diffusion, etest, as well as the phoenix, vitek 2, and microscan automated systems, and compared the results to those obtained by broth micro ...	2010	20107089
switching catalysis from hydrolysis to perhydrolysis in pseudomonas fluorescens esterase.	many serine hydrolases catalyze perhydrolysis, the reversible formation of peracids from carboxylic acids and hydrogen peroxide. recently, we showed that a single amino acid substitution in the alcohol binding pocket, l29p, in pseudomonas fluorescens (sik wi) aryl esterase (pfe) increased the specificity constant of pfe for peracetic acid formation >100-fold [bernhardt et al. (2005) angew. chem., int. ed. 44, 2742]. in this paper, we extend this work to address the three following questions. fir ...	2010	20112920
exploring the evolutionary dynamics of plasmids: the acinetobacter pan-plasmidome.	prokaryotic plasmids have a dual importance in the microbial world: first they have a great impact on the metabolic functions of the host cell, providing additional traits that can be accumulated in the cell without altering the gene content of the bacterial chromosome. additionally and/or alternatively, from a genome perspective, plasmids can provide a basis for genomic rearrangements via homologous recombination and so they can facilitate the loss or acquisition of genes during these events, w ...	2010	20181243