Publications

association of prealbumin deficiency with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.	prealbumin (pa) measurements were made by electrophoretic and radial immunodiffusion techniques in three alpha-1-antitrypsin deficient pi-d) serum samples. the deficiency was characterized as phenotype zz (homozygous). in two out of three serums pa was undetectable, as revealed by the absence of radiothyroxine distribution in the pa area, whereas quantitative estimates of pa by radial immunodiffusion showed very low levels (2--7 mg/100 ml) thus corroborating electrophoretic observations; low pa ...	1979	314560
does a short-term draining of bile duct affect the plasma thyroxine level in rats?	in three groups of male rats weighing about 350 g and fed normal pelleted diet the left femoral artery and vein were cannulated under pentobarbiturate anesthesia and in samples of plasma obtained between 0 and 6 h after the injection of heparin the level of thyroxine (t4) was measured with the aid of specific radioimmunoassay. in addition, in group a (22 animals) and c (17 animals) also the bile duct was cannulated and the total bile was collected into a flask for the same period. in addition, t ...	1979	316765
inhibition of thyroxine-induced metamorphosis by prolactin in tadpoles, rana catesbeiana.	thyroxine (t4)-prolactin interactions on hepatic arginase and ornithine transcarbamylase (otc) as well as hind legs, tail, digestive tract and median eminence were investigated in tadpoles, rana catesbeiana. prolactin completely blocked t4-induced tail resorption, but failed to suppress hind-leg growth, shortening of digestive tract and promotion by t4 of the median eminence development. prolactin blocked t4-induced increase in hepatic arginase activity but not in hepatic otc activity. a possibi ...	1979	316768
[action of 5-hydroxytryptophan on serum thyreostimulin and prolactin in primary hypothyroidism (author's transl)].	orally 5 htp has significantly decreased serum tsh level in eight patients with primary non treated hypothyroidism, but not in five normal subjects. serum t4 et t3 levels did not change and serum prl did not increase in the two groups. these results indicate a possible inhibitory action of 5 ht on tsh regulation. action of 5 ht on prl has not been defined here.	1979	317634
two-component nature of bacteriophage t4 receptor activity in escherichia coli k-12.	escherichia coli bacteriophage t4 uses the lipopolysaccharide of the outer cell envelope membrane as a receptor. lipopolysaccharide from e. coli k-12 required a major outer membrane protein, polypeptide ib, for phage inactivation.	1979	368036
effect of hydroxyurea on t4 ribonucleotide reductase.	phage t4-induced ribonucleotide reductase, purified to homogeneity, catalyzes the reduction of the four ribonucleotides cdp, udp, adp, and gdp to the corresponding deoxyribonucleotides. the enzyme is an order of magnitude more sensitive to hydroxyurea than the corresponding escherichia coli enzyme. fifty per cent inhibition occurs at 10 micrometer hydroxyurea. inhibition is complete at a high concentration of the drug, and there is no differential effect on the four substrates. treatment of t4 r ...	1979	368052
construction and properties of a cell-free system for bacteriophage t4 late rna synthesis.	a cell-free system for synthesizing bacteriophage t4 late rna is described. the system, which is based on the "cellophane disc" technique introduced by schaller and co-workers (schaller, h., otto, b., nüsslein, v., huf, j., hermann, r., and bonnhoeffer, f. (1972) j. mol. biol. 63, 183-200), provides favorable conditions for t4 dna and rna synthesis in vitro. total rna synthesis can be sustained for more than 1 h at 25 degrees c and initiation of early and late rna chains occurs in vitro. the cap ...	1979	368054
processiveness of dna polymerases. a comparative study using a simple procedure.	in this communication, we describe a simple procedure for analyzing the processiveness of dna polymerases in general. by choosing conditions for which the number of incorporations per available primer is less than 1, we have reduced the probability of a primer molecule being utilized by the enzyme more than once. the primer-template used was poly(da)300:oligo(dt)10, and the product was isolated by oligo(dt)-cellulose chromatography. the number of dtmp residues added per association was determine ...	1979	368069
s1 nuclease as a probe for the conformation of a dimeric trna precursor.	we have employed s1 nuclease to probe the structure of an intermediate in trna biosynthesis available only in radiochemical purity. the dimeric precursor to trnagln and trnaleu from bacteriophage t4 was digested with the single-strand specific nuclease, and the products of the reaction were compared with the s1 digestion products of the mature cognate trna's. quantitation and sequence analysis of the products revealed that the location and accessibility of s1 cleavage sites in the precursor were ...	1979	369598
attachment of tail fibers in bacteriophage t4 assembly: role of the phage whiskers.		1979	370411
genetic control of formation of very fast sedimenting dna of bacteriophage t4.	formation of very fast sedimenting dna (vfs-dna) in cells of escherichia coli infected with phage t4 carrying a defect in gene 49 was differentially affected by a secondary mutation in gene 30 or 46; a mutation of gene 46 markedly reduced formation of vfs-dna, whereas that of gene 30 did not.	1979	375014
addition of oligonucleotides to the 5'-terminus of dna by t4 rna ligase.	bacteriophage t4-induced rna ligase catalyzes the controlled template-independent addition of rna to the 5'-phosphoryl end of large dna molecules. restriction enzyme-generated fragments of co1e1 dna with completely basepaired or cohesive ends and linear single-stranded øx174 viral dna were all good substrates. dna molecules from 10 to 6000 nucleotides long were quantitatively joined in an hour to a number of different rna homopolymers. the most efficient of these was a(pa)5; i(pi)5 and c(pc)5 we ...	1979	375192
genetic study of a new early gene, comc-alpha, of bacteriophage t4.		1979	375581
interaction of cibacron blue f3ga with escherichia coli dna polymerase i and with t4 dna polymerase.	individual rapid procedures for the enrichment of escherichia coli dna polymerase i and of bacteriophage t4 dna polymerase free of endonuclease activity are described using blue dextran-sepharose chromatography. the blue dye of blue dextran-sepharose selectively binds to the deoxynucleoside triphosphate substrate site of the e. coli but not the t4 enzyme indicating that the catalytic sites of these two enzymes which catalyze the same polymerization reaction in vitro are quite distinct.	1979	375984
functional interactions beween the dna ligase of escherichia coli and components of the dna metabolic apparatus of t4 bacteriophage.	t4 phage completely defective in both gene 30 (dna ligase) and the rii gene (function unknown) require at least normal levels of host-derived dna ligase (e. coli lig gene) for growth. viable e. coli mutant strains that harbor less than 5% of the wild-type level of bacterial ligase do not support growth of t4 doubly defective in genes 30 and rii (t4 30- rii- mutants). we describe here two classes of secondary phage mutations that permit the growth of t4 30- rii- phage on ligase-defective hosts. o ...	1979	376399
dna replication with bacteriophage t4 proteins. purification of the proteins encoded by t4 genes 41, 45, 44, and 62 using a complementation assay.	the proteins encoded by bacteriophage t4 genes 41, 45, 44, and 62 are known from the genetic studies of epstein et al. ((1963) cold spring harbor symp. quant. biol. 28, 375--394) to be required for viral dna synthesis. a convenient assay for each of these proteins is described which is based on the specific stimulation by each protein of dna synthesis in extracts of escherichia coli infected with mutants of bacteriophage t4 unable to make that protein. the t4 41 protein, 45 protein, and the comp ...	1979	376524
dna replication by bacteriophage t4 proteins. the t4 43, 32, 44--62, and 45 proteins are required for strand displacement synthesis at nicks in duplex dna.	the t4 bacteriophage gene 43 (t4 dna polymerase), 32 (dna helix-destabilizing protein), and 45 proteins and the complex of the gene 44 and 62 proteins are all required for dna synthesis beginning at single-stranded breaks in duplex dna. this synthesis occurs by strand displacement and is not dependent on ribonucleotides, the t4 gene 41 protein, or the t4 initiating protein, each of which is required to begin new chains on single-stranded templates. electron microscopic analysis shows that duplex ...	1979	376525
purification of the gene 43, 44, 45, and 62 proteins of the bacteriophage t4 dna replication apparatus.	a procedure has been developed which allows the t4 bacteriophage proteins corresponding to the products of genes 43, 44, 45, and 62 to be purified to near homogeneity from a single t4-infected cell lysate (greater than 90% single species as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide elctrophoresis). in these preparations, the major problem of removing all contaminating nucleases has been overcome. each of the above proteins is known from genetic analysis to be essential for phage dna replic ...	1979	376534
purification of gene 41 protein of bacteriophage t4.	the t4 bacteriophage gene 41 protein is known from genetic analysis to be essential for phage dna replication in vivo. it became possible to monitor the activity of this protein during purification after development of an "in vitro complementation assay," which measures its stimulation of dna synthesis in a concentrated crude lysate prepared from escherichia coli cells infected with a t4 bacteriophage mutant in gene 41 (l. moran and b. alberts, manuscript in preparation). in this report, a purif ...	1979	376535
bacteriophage t4 alt gene maps between genes 30 and 54.	two- and three-factor crosses proved that the t4 alt gene, which codes for a virion-associated nad+:protein adp-ribosyltransferase, is located between genes 30 and 54.	1979	376872
a role for ribonuclease iii in synthesis of bacteriophage t4 transfer rnas.		1979	371620
gyrase-dependent initiation of bacteriophage t4 dna replication: interactions of escherichia coli gyrase with novobiocin, coumermycin and phage dna-delay gene products.		1979	372540
introduction of an active enzyme into permeable cells of escherichia coli: acquisition of ultraviolet light resistance by uvr mutants on introduction of t4 endonuclease v.	plasmolysed cells of escherichia coli n212 (uvr a reca) acquired ultraviolet resistance when the cells were exposed to high concentrations of t4 endonuclease v. with increasing concentrations of t4 enzyme, survivals of plasmolysed cells after ultraviolet irradiation increased while colony-forming ability of unirradiated plasmolysed cells was not significantly affected by the enzyme treatment. under appropriate conditions more than 200 fold increase in survivals was observed. when plasmolysed cel ...	1979	372739
studies of viable t4 bacteriophage containing cytosine-substituted dna (t4dc phage). ii. cleavage of t4dc dna by endonuclease sali and bam hi.	digestion of non-glucosylated and cytosine-substituted t4 phage (t4dc) dna with sali restriction endonuclease showed that the dna had nine sali-sensitive sites. there were eight sali sites in dna from a strain which had a deletion in the rii-denb-ndd region. the comparison of two digestion patterns indicated that one of the sali-sensitive sites was present in the deleted region and that the sali-f fragments (8.4 x 10(6) daltons) was located adjacent to the sali-c or sali-d fragments (15.5 x 10(6 ...	1979	372740
analysis of rpsd mutations in escherichia coli. i. comparison of mutants with various alterations in ribosomal protein s4.	streptomycin-independent revertants were selected from streptomycin-dependent mutants. twenty-five out of 150 such revertants were temperature sensitive. ribosomal proteins from 18 temperature-sensitive and 10 temperature-insensitive revertants were analysed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. seventeen of the former but none of the latter category showed an alteration of protein s4. the mutated rpsd allele of 6 temperature-sensitive revertants was transduced into a rpsl+ strain. in all c ...	1979	372747
cloning of an ecori fragment carrying e. coli tufa gene.	ecori fragments of the transducing phage lambda fus3 dna have been linked to the colel derivative plasmid rsf2124 (colel-apr) dna using bacteriophage t4 ligase. among the plasmids formed, one designated ptual was found to contain the e. coli tufa gene. the proof for the presence of tufa gene in ptual is based on the following observations: (1) ability of ptual dna and is ecori fragments to direct synthesis of ef-tu in a cell-free protein synthesizing system; and (2) rna . dna hybridization of rn ...	1979	372764
hyperdegradation of proteins in escherichia coli rho mutants.	an escherichia coli mutant, hdf026, defective for growth of phage t4, has been characterized biochemically and genetically. the mutant displays an elevated level of degradation of abnormal proteins, such as puromycyl polypeptides or canavanine-containing polypeptides. genetically, hdf026 appears to be an allele of rho, which also encodes the transcription termination factor and rna-dependent atpase, rho. the mutation contransduces by phage pi with ilv, weakly suppresses polar mutations in gal, a ...	1979	377279
[search for host specificity systems in shigella using dd-series phages].	a total of 712 shigella strains were studied with the use of dysentery diagnostic phages dd ii, dd vi and dd vii in order to reveal the systems of host dna specificity. the study comprised 4 tests: mass screening by the intensity of phagolytic reaction of phages in various strains; and the determination of the parameters of adsorption. as a result, an effective modification and restriction systems were revealed in sh. sonnei 311 with the use of phage dd ii. bacteriophage dd vii was effectively r ...	1979	377869
site-specific cleavage of dna by e. coli dna gyrase.	e. coli dna gyrase, which catalyzes the supercoiling of dna, cleaves dna site-specifically when oxolinic acid and sodium dodecylsulfate are added to the reaction. we studied the structure of the gyrasecleaved dna because of its implications for the reaction mechanism and biological role of gyrase. gyrase made a staggered cut, creating dna termini with a free 3' hydroxyl and a 5' extension that provided a template primer for dna polymerase. the cleaved dna was resistant to labeling with t4 polynu ...	1979	378403
accelerated adsorption of bacteriophage t5 to escherichia coli f, resulting from reversible tail fiber-lipopolysaccharide binding.	a dual specificity for phage t5 adsorption to escherichia coli cells is shown. the tail fiber-containing phages t5(+) and mutant hd-3 adsorbed rapidly to e. coli f (1.2 x 10(-9) ml min(-1)), whereas the adsorption rate of the tail fiber-less mutants hd-1, hd-2, and hd-4 was low (7 x 10(-11) ml min(-1)). the differences in adsorption rates were due to the particular lipopolysaccharide structure of e. coli f. phage t4-resistant mutants of e. coli f with an altered lipopolysaccharide structure exhi ...	1979	378958
restriction in vivo. iii. general effects of glucosylation and restriction on phage t4 gene expression and replication.		1979	380145
restriction in vivo. iv. effect of restriction of parental dna on the expression of restriction alleviation systems in phage t4.		1979	380146
low-molecular-weight substrate for the lysozyme of t4 bacteriophage.	it has been shown that muropeptide cb, the chemically defined product of escherichia coli b murein digestion by phage lambda endolysin, is the substrate for t4 lysozyme. this is the tetrasaccharide glcnac-murnac-glcnac-anmurnac in which the carboxyl groups of murnac and anmurnac residues are substituted by tetrapeptide lala-dglu-msa2pm-dala (murnac = n-acetylmuramic acid, glcnac = n-acetyl-d-glucosamine, anmurnac = 1,6-anhydro-n-acetylmuramic acid, lala = l-alanine, dglu = d-glutamic acid, msa2 ...	1979	380988
the effect of template secondary structure on vaccinia dna polymerase.	vaccinia virus dna polymerase will utilize a substrate consisting of phi x174 dna primed with a strand of a unique restriction fragment, but the reaction is inefficient. examination of the reaction products by alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis revealed a few discrete fragments, each corresponding to an extended primer strand. this result implies that specific barriers exist on the phi x174 template which impede, but do not completely halt, the progress of the enzyme. only a few per cent of th ...	1979	381293
evaluation of the manual enzyme immunoassay (emit) procedure for determination of serum thyroxine.	our experience with the determination of thyroxine (t4) in serum using a homogeneous enzyme immunoassay technique (emit, syva corp.) is reported. the intra-assay precision of the emit manual thyroxine assay was investigated with 2 different calibrator concentrations and showed coefficients of variation varying from 5--2% for thyroxine concentrations of 40 and 120 micrograms/l thyroxine respectively. the inter-assay precision was investigated with different series of calibrators and serum specime ...	1979	381566
the physiology of thyroid function in pregnancy.	pregnancy has a variety of effects on maternal thyroid function. thyroid gland enlargement is common particularly in areas of relative iodine deficiency. the renal clearance of iodine is increased in pregnancy and together with an increased volume of iodine distribution, leads to a low plasma inorganic iodine and thus increases the thyroidal iodine clearance. however, the absolute iodine uptake and hormone production rate remain unchanged. there is an increase in the serum thyroxine (t4)and trii ...	1979	382166
the function of bacteriophage t4 internal protein i in a restrictive strain of escherichia coli.		1979	382610
roles of gene 45 product into t4 dna replication and late gene expression of: temperature reversibility effect.		1979	383506
protein induced by bacteriophage t4 which is absent in escherichia coli infected with nuclear disruption-deficient phage mutants.	a protein induced by wild-type t4 phage which is absent in escherichia coli infected with nuclear disruption-deficient phage (with mutations in gene ndd) was identified by polacrylamide gel electrophoresis. this protein was synthesized at maximum rate at 3 to 6 min after infection. it had a molecular weight of 15,000 determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. it was associated with sedimentable fractions of the cell from which it can be dissociated with 1 m guanidin ...	1979	384022
bacteriophage t4 v mutants with a slow rate of thymine-dimer excision and a particular reactivation phenotype.		1979	384212
[technical basis and some clinical trials of ria-gnost t4 (peg method) (author's transl)].		1979	384475
optimization of conditions for the in vitro formation of hybrid dna molecules by dna ligase.	conditions for the ligation with t4 induced dna ligase of two dna molecules via their complementary sticky ends have been established which lead preferentially to the formation of hybrid molecules. this is demonstrated with two combinations of parent molecules varying greatly in their relative molecular weights. in one case the intact hybrid molecule could be directly isolated. in addition a dna dependent quantitative electrophoretic assay for dna ligase activity is described which does not need ...	1979	385055
sequence of 1019 nucleotides encompassing one of the inverted repeats from the yeast 2 micrometer plasmid.	a sequence of 1019 nucleotides encompassing one of the 600 base inverted repeats and non-repeated flanking regions has been determined in the type a yeast 2 micrometers plasmid cloned in pmb9. methods are described for applying the maxam-gilbert sequencing procedure to dna fragments labelled at the 3'-end using a t4-polymerase exchange/repair reaction and for sequencing 5'-end labelled fragments using dideoxy-nucleotides as chain terminators in the presence of e. coli dna polymerase (nach klenow ...	1979	386282
the synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides using rna ligase.	t4 rna ligase catalyzes the addition of a single deoxyribonucleoside 3',5'-bisphosphate to the 3'-hydroxyl of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (hinton et al. (1978) biochemistry 17, 5091). we have determined improved conditions for this reaction which give yields equal to or greater than 85% when any of five common deoxyribonucleoside bisphosphate (pdap, pdcp, pdgp, pdtp, or pdup) are added to da(pda)4. a low atp concentration, which is constantly maintained by a regeneration system composed of phospho ...	1979	386284
[functional interactions of the genomes of shigella sonnei phages and escherichia coli phage t4 in mixed infection].	a comparative study of shigella sonnei phages u and g and escherichia coli phage t4 has shown that enzymes coded for by the sh. sonnei phages can functionally substitute for some t4-coded products. this finding in indicative of an evolutionary relationship between t-even phages and disenteric phages u and g. the u phage is uncapable to compensate amber mutants for the genes that control the conversion of cytosine into 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine (5-hmc) and the glucosylation of the latter, which ag ...	1979	387521
rna-linked nascent dna pieces in phage t7-infected escherchia coli. ii. primary structure of the rna portion.	short dna chains were purified from phage t7 infected e. coli cells and 5' ends were labeled with 32p. by an alkali-treatment, pnp's rich in pap and pcp were liberated from the t7 short dna chains. after digestion of the [5'-32p] short dna with the 3' to 5' exonuclease of t4 dna polymerase, [5'-32p] mono- to pentaribonucleotides tipped with a deoxyribonucleotide residue at their 3' ends were isolated. 5' terminal ribonucleotides were; exclusively amp in the penta- and the tetraribonucleotides, m ...	1979	388358
rna-linked nascent dna pieces in phage t7-infected escherichia coli. iii. detection of intact primer rna.	rna-linked dna fragments of t7-infected escherichiacoli were labeled with [(32)p]orthophosphate invivo. the rna segments of the labeled fragments were isolated by degrading the dna portion with the 3'--> 5' exonuclease intrinsic to bacteriophage t4 dna polymerase and fractionated according to net charge by a deae-sephadex a-25 column chromatography in the presence of 7 m urea. tri-, tetra- and pentanucleotides were obtained which have atp residues at their 5' ends. most of the pentanucleotides h ...	1979	388359
[conformational rearrangements of bacteriophage t4 lysozyme during its binding to the inhibitor].	the structural changes of bacteriophage t4 lysozyme during its binding to the inhibitor, i. e. disaccharide-tetrapeptide n-acetylglucosaminyl-n-acetylmuraminyl - l - alanyl-gamma-d-glutaminyl - mesodiaminopimelyl-d-alanine) isolated from escherichia coli cell wall have been studied. during the inhibitor binding to the protein the degree of helicity decreases by approximately 14% as was shown using the circular dichroism technique. the changes in optical properties of tryptophane, tyrosine and ph ...	1979	389298
purification and some properties of deoxyribonuclease whose synthesis is controlled by gene 49 of bacteriophage t4.	an enzyme which specifically cleaves very-fast-sedimenting dna of bacteriophage t4 is synthesized after infection of t4, and its synthesis is controlled by gene 49 [1,2]. this enzyme has been proved to be a dnase [2]. we have purified this dnase 3000-fold from extracts of e. coli infected with t4. the purified preparation was practically free from other dnases, and the dnase activity was not detectable in cells infected with a mutant defective in gene 49. the enzyme activity from cells infected ...	1979	389625
inhibition of initiation of bacteriophage t4 dna replication by perturbation of escherichia coli host membrane composition.	3-decynoyl-n-acetylcysteamine (3-decynoyl-nac) is an analog which specifically causes the immediate cessation of the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in escherichia coli, whereas the synthesis of saturated fatty acids is actually stimulated. as a result, the cell membrane accumulates saturated fatty acids in its phospholipid. addition of the inhibitor at the time of infection of e. coli by t4 phage had no effect on normal phage replication and development, implying that the synthesis of u ...	1979	390167
repair of psoralen plus near ultraviolet light damage in bacteriophage t4.		1979	390566
[asymmetry in the frequencies of reciprocal recombinants in crosses of t4 phage riib mutants].	the frequencies of reciprocal recombinants in crosses between riib mutants of t4 phage were shown to differ from each other. in terms of the correction model, this asymmetry of genetic recombination was used to measure the comparative correctability of the mismatched regions to the wild type and to the mutant alleles. the data obtained are in quantitative agreement with the analogous values for the same mismatched regions determined by comparison of the markers located at the same site. this str ...	1979	391644
interaction of bacteriophage t4 with reconstituted cell envelopes of escherichia coli k-12.	the interaction with bacteriophage t4 of the cell surface of escherichia coli k-12 reconstituted from outer membrane protein o-8, lipopolysaccharide, and the lipoprotein-bearing peptidoglycan sacculus was studied. the reconstituted cell surface was active as a receptor for the phage, resulting in the contraction of the tail sheath, a morphological change in the base plate which was accompanied by the extension of short tail pins down to the cell surface and the penetration of the needle through ...	1979	391797
molecular cloning of the dna ligase gene from bacteriophage t4. ii. amplification and preparation of the gene product.		1979	392109
incomplete detachment of parental coliphage t4 dna from the host cell membrane.		1979	392111
rna ligase reaction products in plasmolyzed escherichia coli cells infected by t4 bacteriophage.	searching for a physiological role of t4 rna ligase [polyribonucleotide synthetase (atp); poly(ribonucleotide):poly(ribonucleotide) ligase (amp-forming), ec 6.5.1.3] activity, we developed an acellular system of plasmolyzed escherichia coli cells infected by t4 bacteriophage. upon incubation of this system with [gamma-32p]atp, 32p was transferred into a large number of polyribonucleotides, mostly up to 300-400 residues long. the bulk of 32p in the product polyribonucleotides was found in 5'-term ...	1979	392502
hormones and the lung. ii. immunohistochemical localization of thyroid hormone binding in type ii pulmonary epithelial cells clonally-derived from adult rat lung.	the type ii pulmonary epithelial cell is the recognized state of surfactant synthesis and storage. results of recent studies indicate that the thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4), may be important regulators of surfactant production and/or release. direct and indirect immunofluorescence techniques were used in an attempt to demonstrate binding of t3 and t4 in monolayer cultures of isolated type ii cells. these cultured epithelial cells are clonally-derived from adult rat l ...	1979	393133
mixed bacteriophage infection of escherichia coli: exclusion of superinfecting t4 by t7.	escherichia coli was infected with t7, then with t4. when the time between the addition of the tow phages was 5 or more minutes, t4 was excluded and most of the infective centres yielded t7 progeny. the dna of excluded t4 was injected, but it did not replicate nor was it degraded extensively. transcription of this t4 dna was largely inhibited, and the transcripts produced were not translated. a variety of t7 amber mutants was examined for the capacity to exclude t4. amongst the early t7 genes, o ...	1979	393371
nucleotide sequence of the region required for maintenance of colicin e1 plasmid.	plasmids carrying various portions of colicin e1 plasmid (cole1) dna have been isolated in an attempt to determine the regions of cole1 dna which are required for maintenance of the plasmid in bacteria. to construct the plasmids, the dna of a cole1 derivative that contains a gene which controls ampicillin resistance was cleaved by the restriction endonuclease haeii. the digestion products were joined by t4 dna ligase and then used to transform bacteria to ampicillin resistance. the plasmid deriv ...	1979	393952
effect of 24-hour somatostatin infusion on glucose homeostasis and on the levels of somatomedin a and pancreatic and thyroid hormones in man.	in order to investigate whether somatostatin plays a role in the regulation of thyroid hormone secretion we have compared the effects of a prolonged somatostatin infusion on insulin and glucagon levels, on the one hand, with its effect on t4, t3, rt3 and tsh, on the other. furthermore, the serum levels of somatomedin a were determined. saline was infused in control experiments. cyclic somatostatin was given as an i.v. bolus of 200 micrograms followed by a constant rate infusion of 50 micrograms/ ...	1979	394578
realignment of the genetic map of the terminus of the riib cistron of bacteriophage t4.	duplication end-point mapping in the riib cistron indicates that the order of the bs-b10b segments is the inverse of that presented in benzer's (1961) genetic maps. this findings is supported by two- and three-factor crosses and the phenotypes of rii deletions extending into the d region.	1979	395017
host--virus interactions in the control of t4 prereplicative transcription. i. tabc (rho) mutants.		1979	395322
host--virus interactions in the control of t4 prereplicative transcription. ii. interaction between tabc (rho) mutants and t4 mot mutants.		1979	395323
establishment of a human lymphoblastoid cell line with specific antibody production against group a streptococcal carbohydrate.	a human lymphoblastoid cell line, secreting specific antibody against group a carbohydrate (a-cho) was established by pre-selection of antigen binding normal human lymphocytes, followed by epsetin barr virus (ebv) induced immortalization. culture supernatants were assayed for anti a-cho antibodies by radioimmunoassay, n-acetyl-glucosamine-coupled t4-phage plaque inhibition tests and passive hemagglutination. as a rule, the supernatants contained about 10 micrograms/ml anti-a-cho antibodies of th ...	1979	396224
bacteriophage t4 assembly and the morphogenesis of subcellular structure.		1979	396275
platinum(ii) complexes block the entry of t4 phage dna into the host cells.	the efficiency of multiplicity reactivation of t4 particles inactivated by platinum(ii) complexes is very low. the same is true for marker rescue and functional survival of genes. this can be at least partly explained by the inability of most inactivated virus particles to introduce their dna into the host cells as demonstrated by electron microscopy. conformational changes in the dna, formation of dna-dna and dna-protein cross-links and the damage of proteins participating in the injection proc ...	1979	398750
[interaction between alkaloids of claviceps purpurea and development of some bacteria and bacteriophages. preliminary experiments].	it has been tested the bacteriolytic activity and the interaction among the development of the bacteriophage t4 and ergot alkaloids. it has been determined a bacteriolytic action on the bacterial stub "e. coli host of bacteriophage t4. it exist an interaction also among such alkaloids and the development of the bacteriophage t4, which appears through an increase of the quantity of lysis areas, becoming evident in solid bodies containing the lysing bacterium. further researches with other bacteri ...	1979	400107
maturation of the head of bacteriophage t4: 9-aminoacridine blocks a late step in dna packaging.		1979	419692
thyroid and adrenomedullary reactions during sleep deprivation.	the possible influence of a 48 h period of sleep deprivation on the serum concentrations of total and unbound 3,5,3',5'-thyroxine (t4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (t3), and of total 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse t3, rt3) was studied in 12 young male volunteers. in addition, plasma concentrations of tsh and the urinary excretion of noradrenaline and adrenaline were examined. both total s-t4, s-t3 and s-rt3, and unbound s-t4 and s-t3 (unbound rt3 was not calculated) were significantly enhanced ...	1979	419915
intra-amniotic thyroxine (t4) absorption by the premature human foetus.	we reported previously on the beneficial influence of intra-amniotic t4 injection in accelerating human foetal lung maturity. twenty-four h after t4 (250 microgram) intra-amniotic injection, the mean cord serum t4 concentration in 13 premature newborns was 17 +/- 2.1 microgram/100 ml, while the t4 concentration in a matched group was only 11.6 +/- 0.9 microgram/100 ml: in 5 of the infants who received intra-amniotic thyroxine t4 was measured 12 h post-partum and rose from 16.1 +/- 1.8 to 24.3 +/ ...	1979	419921
isolation of the transfer rna genes of bacteriophage t4 and transfer rna synthesis in vitro.	non-glucosylated t4 dna was restricted with the endonuclease ecori and the mixture of dna fragments separated by gel electrophoresis and transcribed with purified escherichia coli rna polymerase. three purified fragments were shown to act as templates for trna synthesis. a smaller fragment, shown to be hybridizable to 32p-labeled t4 trna was not transcribable. it was concluded that the promoter for t4 trna synthesis had been separated from the structural genes in the smaller fragment by ecori an ...	1979	420849
sequential effects of thyroxine on the developing cerebellum of rats made hypothyroid by propylthiouracil.	young rats made hypothyroid by propylthiouracil (ptu) received a daily physiological dose of thyroxine (t4) from day 0, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12 or 13 and their cerebella were studied on day 14. with the very low doses of t4 used and when the treatment was started at birth, cerebellar development was nearly normal in terms of the parameters studied (cell formation, migration, maturation and death). the effect of t4 on cell formation appeared after two days. with the same latency, t4 induced migration ...	1979	421132
error induction and correction by mutant and wild type t4 dna polymerases. kinetic error discrimination mechanisms.	the fidelity of dna synthesis as determined by the misincorporation of the base analogue 2-aminopurine in competition with adenine has been measured as a function of deoxynucleoside triphosphate substrate concentrations using purified mutator (l56), antimutator (l141), and wild type (t4d) t4 dna polymerases. although the rates of both incorporation and turnover of aminopurine and adenine decrease as substrate concentrations are decreased, the ratio of turnover/polymerase activity is increased. t ...	1979	422561
serum myoglobin level in altered thyroid states.	serum myoglobin (mb) levels were measured in normal, hyperthyroid, and hypothyroid subjects by ria. serum mb levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in untreated hypothyroid patients and significantly lower (p less than 0.01) in untreated hyperthyroid patients than in normal subjects. there was a significant inverse correlation (p less than 0.01) between serum t4 or t3 levels and mb levels in these subjects. serum mb levels were normalized after correction of the abnormal thyroid st ...	1979	422690
molecular basis of thermostability in the lysozyme from bacteriophage t4.		1979	423967
the iodine content of amniotic fluid and placental transfer of iodinated drugs.	determinations of total iodine content, levels of thyroxine (t4) and triiodothyronine (t3), and protein concentrations were made on amniotic fluid. a total of 218 samples obtained at various stages of pregnancy, from both normal and pathological pregnancies, were studied. normal values for the iodine and hormone concentrations are presented. several amniotic fluid samples showed greatly elevated iodine levels, thought to be the result of maternal iodine intake. this study demonstrated that such ...	1979	424113
a new method for 3'-labelling of polyribonucleotides by phosphorylation with rna ligase and its application to the 3'-modification for joining reactions.	p1-adenosine 5'-p2-o-nitrobenzyl pyrophosphate (nbzlppa) has been synthesized as a substrate for t4 rna ligase catalyzed 3'-phosphorylation. incubation of oligoribonucleotides and nbzlppa with rna ligase yielded oligoribonucleotides having a 3'-o-(o-nitrobenzyl) phosphate. photochemical removal of the o-nitrobenzyl group provided the free 3'-phosphate. using [p2-32p] nbzlppa, 3'-termini of oligoribonucleotides could be labelled with 32p. this reaction was applied to modify the 3'-end of donor mo ...	1979	424301
[problems of a stage-based therapeutic approach to surgery in breast carcinoma (author's transl)].	a therapeutic concept dependent on staging of breast carcinoma is presented: 1. stage t0-t1 n0 m0: wide local excision or quadrant resection with axillary lymph-node excision. 2. stage t2 and t3 n0-n1: simple mastectomy (patey). 3. stage t4 or n2: radical mastectomy (rotter). 4. stage n3 or m1: tumour excision according to the t-stage, lymph-node excision, local excision of affected distant lymph nodes. with equal therapeutic results the smaller and cosmetically-preferable surgical procedure is ...	1979	425526
thyroxine uptake and metabolism by fetal sheep after intra-amniotic thyroxine injection.	thyroxine (t4) uptake from amniotic fluid was investigated in fetal sheep. samples of fetal and maternal blood and of amniotic fluid were obtained from indwelling catheters at specific intervals after intra-amniotic injection of t4. t4 and reverse t3 (rt3) were measured by radioimmunoassay. basal levels of t4 were 7.3 +/- 0.92, less than 2, and 6.28 +/- 0.49 microgram/dl in the fetus, amniotic fluid, and ewe, respectively. basal levels of rt3 were 3,858 +/- 214, 189 +/- 62, and 385 +/- 20 pg/ml ...	1979	426016
on model and data requirements for determining the bioavailability of oral therapeutic agents: application to gut absorption of thyroid hormones.	a two-pool model is proposed as a first approximation of the dynamics of thyroid hormone dissolution and absorption in the human gut. it is shown that this model, or any more complex one of the same process, must be imbedded in a larger whole-body model for the purpose of quantifying its parameters. parameter identification experiments are designed with the aid of identifiability analysis and a complete quantification is obtained, for both triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4) absorption, usi ...	1979	426090
thyrotropin, free and total triiodothyronine, and thyroxine in serum during surgery.	changes in free and total thyroxine (t4), triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) in serum were measured before, during, and for nine days after uncomplicated abdominal surgery in eight patients. the results showed a pronounced fall in total as well as in free t3 levels, amounting to 50% in both variables on the first postoperative day, and returning towards preoperative levels on the seventh and ninth day. apart from an increase during surgery, free t4 levels were constant i ...	1979	428113
thyroid hormone levels during glucose tolerance test in euthyroid subjects.	twelve normal, healthy, clinically and biochemically proven euthyroid volunteer subjects (age 19-35) were administered a standard glucose tolerance test (100 g glucose orally) and thyroxine (t4), triiodothyronine (t3) and reverse triiodothyronine (rt3) levels were determined by specific radioimmunoassays to determine the acute effect of glucose and insulin on peripheral monodeiodination of thyroxine. the fasting levels of t4, t3, rt3 and free thyroxine were 82.4 nmol/l, 1.7 nmol/l, 0.52 nmol/l, ...	1979	428118
[serum thyroxine determination with solid phase gamma coat t4 ria kit--experimental and clinical studies].		1979	428134
comments on t4 level in patients treated with d--thyroxine.		1979	428344
a new site-specific endonuclease from streptomyces lavendulae (slai).	a new restriction-like endonuclease, slai, was found and partially purified from streptomyces lavendulae atcc8664. this endonuclease cleaved bacteriophage lambda dna at only one site, and cytosine-substituted bacteriophage t4 dna at 16 sites. the recognition sequence was determined by using slai fragments of cytosine-substituted bacteriophage t4 dna. the hexanucleotide recognized by slai endonuclease was (formula: see text), with the sites of cleavage as indicated by the arrows. therefore, slai ...	1979	428725
serum t4, t3 and reverse t3 during treatment with propranolol in hyperthyroidism, l-t4 treated myxedema and in normal man.	serum concentrations of t4, t3 and reverse t3 were studied in two hyperthyroid groups (n = 13 and 11), in a group of normals (n = 9) and in a group of l-t4 substituted patients (n = 7) with severe pretreatment hypothyroidism. serum t4 did not change except in one of the hyperthyroid groups change to in which a slight decrease was found. in all groups a significant fall in serum t3 and a significant rise in serum reverse t3 were found. an expected increase in serum tsh in the normal and in the l- ...	1979	428906
peptide mapping of heterogeneous protein samples.	a simple two-dimensional electrophoretic method for peptide mapping of heterogeneous protein samples is presented. the reduced and denatured proteins of the mixture are separated in a first dimension by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. after completion of the electrophoresis, the whole gel lane is equilibrated in stacking gel buffer and is transferred at right angles onto a second slab gel. a protease solution is overlayed on the gel lane and a partial proteolysis ...	1979	429300
oscillations in reverse triiodothyronine levels in serum of healthy infants aged 0 to 130 hours.	rt3 was measured by ria in sera from 273 normal healthy infants between 0--130 h of age. the curve for the mean rt3 level plotted against age was polyexponential in shape and showed superimposed oscillations with a period of about 16 h, similar to the curves for t4, t3, and tsh previously found for the same group of subjects (j clin endocrinol metab 47: 61, 1978). the ratio of concentrations of rt3 to t4 remained approximately constant, with a mean value of 0.016 over the age range of 3--130 h. ...	1979	429523
comparison of thyroid stimulators and thyroid hormone concentrations in the sera of pregnant women.	to clarify the role of various thyroid stimulators in normal human pregnancy, we measured serum tsh, chorionic tsh (hct), hcg, bioassayable thyroid-stimulating activity, t4, t3, t3 uptake, free t4 and free t3 indexes, free t4, and free t3 by dialysis in 339 serum samples from pregnant women at various intervals of pregnancy and in 40 normal female controls. serum t4 and t3 and free t4 and free t3 indexes were significantly elevated throughout pregnancy in comparison with controls. free t4 concen ...	1979	429524
[the effect of a beta blocker on various manifestations of hypermetabolism and hypersympathicotonia].	the possible mechanism and the therapeutic activity of a beta-blocking drug (propranolol) in 50 patients with slight "hyperthyroidism" or "dysthyroidism" are examined. in most cases, the laboratory findings were :1) increase (sometimes considerable) of basal metabolism (up to 70% or more); 2) normal, or nearly normal, thyroid scan, iodoproteinaemia, t3 and t4; 3) therapeutic iodine improvement. prior to the introduction of scanning, these cases would have been classed as "hyperthyroidism" or "dy ...	1979	431848
[clinical and hormonal evaluation of recurrence of goiter after thyroidectomy].	the incidence and features of goitre recurrences were investigated in a sample population of patients operated at the university of turin endocrine surgery centre. the following parameters were examined: sex, age, familial history of goitre, number of pregnancies, t3 and t4 levels, and tsh levels. attention is drawn to the finding of significantly higher tsh values in the patients operated for recurrent goitre than in a series of persons free of recurrences after they had been operated on for go ...	1979	431874
functions of baseplate components in bacteriophage t4 infection. iii. the functional organization of the baseplate.		1979	433148
selective isolation of a thymine-requiring mutant of phage t4.		1979	433155
the influence of endogenous cortisol on the peripheral conversion of thyroxine in patients with acute myocardial infarction.	a study was performed to elucidate whether endogenous cortisol, as previously suggested, could be responsible for the decreased t3 levels seen in euthyroid patients with acute myocardial infarction. levels of these hormones as well as levels of t4 and reverse-t3 were monitored in 31 consecutive patients admitted to the coronary care unit with symptoms of precordial pain or with acute arrhythmias. sixteen of the patients had proven myocardial infarction, the remaining 15 were used as a control gr ...	1979	433662
results of a regional cord blood screening programme for detecting neonatal hypothyroidism.	our regional cord blood screening programme for detecting neonatal hypothyroidism using initial cord blood thyroxine (t4) determinations, with supplemental thyrotropin (tsh), and triiodothyronine resin uptake (t3u) measurements, gave an incidence of thyroid abnormalities of 1/3000 births, with 1/5000 infants having severe primary hypothyroidism. no hypothyroid infant detected in the programme had been suspected clinically before the screening and, in retrospect, only a few babies had any signs o ...	1979	434901
l-thyroxine treatment of diffuse non-toxic goitre evaluated by ultrasonic determination of thyroid volume.	the effect of a daily dose of 150 micrograms l-thyroxine for one year was studied in forty-five patients with diffuse non-toxic goitre. thyroid volume was evaluated by ultrasonic scanning. a decrease in the median value of the thyroid volume of about 20% was found after 3 months of therapy and no further change in the median value was observed in the following 9 months of treatment. about 50% of the patients showed a response to therapy and about 30% obtained normal size of the thyroid gland. me ...	1979	436302
[t4 ria by a solid phase method--studies of spac t4 ria kit].		1979	436324
the effect of hypothyroidism on growth, serum growth hormone, the growth hormone-dependent somatomedin, insulin-like growth factor, and its carrier protein in rats.	to study the possible mechanisms involved in growth retardation associated with hypothyroidism, serum t4, gh, the gh-dependent somatomedin, insulin-like growth factor (igf), and its carrier protein (cp) were measured in hypothyroid rats and their age-matched controls. three groups of rats were studied: infant, immature, and adult. marked hypothyroidism (serum t4, less than 1 microgram/dl) was produced in experimental animals by providing them with drinking water containing 0.05% propylthiouracil ...	1979	436752
immunoreactive somatostatin in rat hypophysial portal blood.	somatostatin levels have been determined by ria in hypophysial portal blood of pentobarbital-anesthetized male rats. in most animals, immunoreactive somatostatin (srif) levels were higher in hypophysial portal blood than in systemic blood. in euthyroid rats, the mean level was 158 +/- 27 pg/ml (n = 8); srif was undetectable (less than 30 pg/ml) in systemic blood of these rats. it is suggested that endogenous srif was not degraded during the collection of stalk blood, since synthetic srif is stab ...	1979	436785
a search for hapten-binding mouse plasmacytoma proteins.	six hundred and twelve mouse plasmacytomas were screened for hapten binding by using eleven different bacteriophage-hapten conjugates (phage t4 conjugated with haptens np, nip, dip, dnp,boc-aba-tyr, aba-np, aba-mip, abs-hop, pab-hop, penicillin g, cloxacillin). fifteen ascites fluids (2.4%) inactivated at least one of the phage conjugates at a high dilution indicating binding. the specificity of these reactions was studied by titrating one ascites fluid with phage conjugates carring unrelated ha ...	1979	436927