Publications

ilsa, a unique surface protein of bacillus cereus required for iron acquisition from heme, hemoglobin and ferritin.	the human opportunistic pathogen bacillus cereus belongs to the b. cereus group that includes bacteria with a broad host spectrum. the ability of these bacteria to colonize diverse hosts is reliant on the presence of adaptation factors. previously, an ivet strategy led to the identification of a novel b. cereus protein (ilsa, iron-regulated leucine rich surface protein), which is specifically expressed in the insect host or under iron restrictive conditions in vitro. here, we show that ilsa is l ...	2009	19956654
enhancement of surfactin production of bacillus subtilis fmbr by replacement of the native promoter with the pspac promoter.	bacillus subtilis fmbr-1 was obtained from wild-type b. subtilis fmbr by replacement of the native promoter of the surfactin operon with the inducible promoter pspac. the recombinant b. subtilis fmbr-1 produced more antibacterial substances than the wild-type strain. the overproducing phenotype was related to the enhancement of antagonistic activities against bacillus cereus. hplc peaks of surfactin for recombinant fmbr-1 showed patterns of lipopeptides similar to those of the wild-type strain, ...	2009	19898540
transfer of bacillus cereus spores from packaging paper into food.	food packaging papers are not sterile, as the manufacturing is an open process, and the raw materials contain bacteria. we modeled the potential transfer of the bacillus cereus spores from packaging paper to food by using a green fluorescent protein-expressing construct of bacillus thuringiensis bt 407cry(-) [pht315omega(papha3-gfp)], abbreviated bt-1. paper (260 g m(-2)) containing bt-1 was manufactured with equipment that allowed fiber formation similar to that of full-scale manufactured paper ...	2009	19903384
survival during cooking and growth from spores of diarrheal and emetic types of bacillus cereus in rice.	bacillus cereus is a gram-positive, spore-forming, facultative anaerobe that is responsible for two types of gastrointestinal diseases: emesis and diarrhea. a significant difference in the d(95 degrees c)-values of spores of the emetic and the diarrheal types was initially determined. a mixture of b. cereus spores of the diarrheal type was inoculated into cooked rice. at inoculation levels of 2.5 x 10(2) spores per g of rice, cell numbers of 6.64 log were detected after 22 h at 20 degrees c and ...	2009	19903405
intramolecular amide bonds stabilize pili on the surface of bacilli.	gram-positive bacteria elaborate pili and do so without the participation of folding chaperones or disulfide bond catalysts. sortases, enzymes that cut pilin precursors, form covalent bonds that link pilin subunits and assemble pili on the bacterial surface. we determined the x-ray structure of bcpa, the major pilin subunit of bacillus cereus. the bcpa precursor encompasses 2 ig folds (cna(2) and cna(3)) and one jelly-roll domain (xna) each of which synthesizes a single intramolecular amide bond ...	2009	19903875
generation of thiocillin variants by prepeptide gene replacement and in vivo processing by bacillus cereus.	the thiocillins are natural-product antibiotics derived from ribosomally encoded peptides that undergo extensive posttranslational modifications to yield the mature trithiazolylpyridine-containing macrocyclic compound. poor pharmacokinetic properties have prevented the clinical use of these highly potent antibiotics. through in vivo manipulation of the gene responsible for production of the thiocillin precursor peptide, we have generated 65 novel thiocillin variants, allowing us to explore struc ...	2009	19911780
analysis of the involvement of chitin-binding domain of chicw in antifungal activity, and engineering a novel chimeric chitinase with high enzyme and antifungal activities.	an antifungal chitinase, chicw, produced by bacillus cereus 28-9 is effective against conidial germination of botrytis elliptica, the causal agent of lily leaf blight. chicw as a modular enzyme consists of a signal peptide, a catalytic domain, a fibronectin type-iii-like domain, and a chitin-binding domain. when two c-terminal domains of chicw were truncated, chicwdeltafc (lacking the chitin-binding domain and fibronectin type iii-like domain) lost its antifungal activity. since chicwdeltaac (la ...	2009	19884776
biodegradation of phenol in batch culture by pure and mixed strains of paenibacillus sp. and bacillus cereus.	the bacterial strains, paenibacillus sp. (ay952466) and bacillus cereus (dq002384), have proven capacity to degrade lignin and pentachlorophenol. in the present study, both strains were screened at different concentrations of phenol on mineral salt agar medium in the presence of glucose. at optimized condition (ph 7.5 +/- 0.2, 37 +/- 1 degrees c, 120 rpm, 1% glucose w/v), it was observed that both paenibacillus sp., b. cereus and its mixed culture degraded phenol (500 mg/l) up to 53.86%, 91.63% ...	2009	20380142
synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of schiff bases of 4-(2-aminophenyl)-morpholines.	in the present study, a novel series of 4-(2-aminophenyl)morpholines were synthesized and characterized by ir, (1)h-nmr, (13)c nmr and mass spectral analysis. the synthesized compounds were screened for analgesic (100 and 200 mg/kg), antiinflammatory (200 and 400 mg/kg), antibacterial (bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli) and antifungal (candida albicans and aspergillus niger) ac ...	2009	20502549
[toxigenic bacillus cereus detection in lactic products with spices and dehydrated milk collected in costa rica].	bacillus cereus is a gram positive rod widely distributed in nature and associated to different types of food that, under some circumstances, may cause pathology to human beings. diarrheic and emetic strains have been described based on the type of toxins produced. in order to determine the risk to health represented by this bacteria, the toxigenic potential of strains isolated from cheese with spices, spread cheese with spices and dehydrated milk, all sold in san josé, costa rica, were determin ...	2009	20677455
molecular dynamics simulations of bczbp, a deacetylase from bacillus cereus: active site loops determine substrate accessibility and specificity.	bczbp is an lmbe-like, homohexameric, zinc-dependent deacetylase from the opportunistic pathogen bacillus cereus with three, thus far uncharacterized, homologues in b. anthracis. although its specific substrate is still unknown, the enzyme has been shown to preferentially deacetylate n-acetylglucosamine and diacetylchitobiose via an active site based on a zinc-binding motif of the type hxddxnh. in the crystal structure, the active site is located at a deep and partially blocked cleft formed at t ...	2009	26602510
comparative activities of cattle and swine platelet microbicidal proteins.	the bactericidal activities of cattle and swine platelet microbicidal proteins (pmps) with their comparison with human pmp were studied. activities of pmp were tested against bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, micrococcus lysodeikticus and escherichia coli. b. subtilis and b. cereus were high susceptible to pmp at very low concentrations. of the gram-positive cocci studied, m. lysodeikticus and s. aureus were the most, and s. epidermidis the le ...	2009	26783170
simultaneous detection of pathogenic b. cereus, s. aureus and l. monocytogenes by multiplex pcr.	three important foodborne pathogens, bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus are of major concern for food safety in terms of frequency and seriousness of the disease. the occurrence these three important pathogens and their coexistence in food matrices are predominant. moreover, symptoms associated with b. cereus and s. aureus food poisoning not only closely resembles each other but can also be overlapping with other foodborne infections. in this context, detection of ...	2009	23100783
pharmacognostic, phytochemical and anti-microbial studies of solanum indicum leaves.	the leaves of solanum indicum showed the presence of stellate trichome. ethanolic extract of leaves solanum indicum showed antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, escherichia coli where as chloroform extract, acetone extract and ethanol showed anti bacterial against pseudomonas. the aqueous extract did not show any anti microbial activity towards the tested organism. none of the extract showed anti fungal activity.	2009	22557334
family portrait of bacillus cereus and bacillus weihenstephanensis cereulide-producing strains.	two thousand bacillus cereus sensu lato isolates from food and environmental matrices were screened by pcr for the presence of cereulide-producing strains. this survey identified 73 potential emetic strains, most of which originated from non-random food and clinical samplings. none of the 460 bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus mycoides and bacillus pseudomycoides strains were pcr-positive for the cereulide genetic determinants. the chromosomal and extrachromosomal gene pool diversity of a subset o ...	2009	23765791
the science of salsa: antimicrobial properties of salsa components to learn scientific methodology.	most ethnic foods and cooking practices have incorporated the use of spices and other food additives. many common spices have crossed cultural boundaries and appear in multiple ethnic cuisines. recent studies have demonstrated that many of these ingredients possess antimicrobial properties against common food spoilage microorganisms. we developed a laboratory exercise that promotes the use of scientific methodology to evaluate the effectiveness of salsa components at inhibiting the growth of und ...	2009	23653684
in vitro evaluation of datura innoxia (thorn-apple) for potential antibacterial activity.	various parts of datura innoxia were examined for potential antibacterial activity by preparing their crude aqueous and organic extracts against gram-negative bacteria (escherichia coli and salmonella typhi) and gram-positive bacteria (bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus). the results of agar well diffusion assay indicated that the pattern of inhibition depends largely upon the plant part, solvent used for extraction and the organism tested. extracts prepared from leaves ...	2008	23100734
in vitro antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of the essential oil of foeniculum vulgare mill.	in our study, four samples of volatile oil from foeniculum vulgare, cultivated in different pedoclimatic conditions, were investigated for their antimicrobial activity and chemical composition.	2008	20201277
tetracycline and oxytetracycline resistance determinants detected in bacillus cereus strains isolated from honey samples.	the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of tetracycline and oxytetracycline resistance determinants in bacillus cereus strains isolated from honey samples. of a total of 77 isolates analyzed, 30 (39%) exhibited resistance to tetracyclines according to the results of a disk diffusion method. resistant strains (n=30) were screened by pcr for the presence of the resistant determinants tetk, tetl, tetm, teto, tetw, otra and otrb and their mic values for tetracycline, oxytetracycline an ...	2008	19213248
antimicrobial activity of some macrophytes from lake manzalah (egypt).	the antimicrobial activities of aqueous and organic solvents (chloroform, ethanol and methanol) extracts of four plants ceratophyllum demersum l., eichhornia crassipes, potamogeton crispus and potamogeton pectinatus were tested in vitro against seventeen different microorganisms including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. nine of these identified organisms were obtained from different sources, bacillus subtilis 1020, bacillus cereus 1080, staphylococcus aureus, erwinia carotovo ...	2008	19205264
[modification of bacterial population structure on anti-lysozyme activity under the influence of hexylresorcinol].	to investigate the modifying effect of hexylresorcinol chemical analog on anti-lysozyme activity of bacteria.	2008	19189462
spore-forming organisms in platelet concentrates: a challenge in transfusion bacterial safety.	bacterial detection and pathogen reduction are widely used methods of minimizing the risk of transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection. but, bacterial spores are highly resistant to chemical and physical agents. in this study, we assessed the bacterial proliferation of spore-forming organisms seeded into platelet concentrates (pcs) to demonstrate that spores can enter the vegetative state in pcs during storage. in the in vitro study, pcs were inoculated with 1-10 spores ml(-1)of bacillus cereu ...	2008	19140821
[antimicrobial activity of soft and purified propolis extracts].	to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of soft and purified propolis extracts. study object and methods: antimicrobial activity of soft and purified propolis extracts was determined with reference cultures of staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923, enterococcus faecalis atcc 29212, escherichia coli atcc 25922, klebsiella pneumoniae atcc 33499, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853, proteus mirabilis atcc 12459, bacillus subtilis atcc 6633, bacillus cereus atcc 8035, and fungus candida albicans atcc 60193. ...	2008	19142056
analysis of broth-cultured bacillus atrophaeus and bacillus cereus spores.	to compare physical properties of spores that were produced in broth sporulation media at greater than 10(8) spores ml(-1).	2008	19146496
kinetics of bacterial phospholipase c activity at micellar interfaces: effect of substrate aggregate microstructure and a model for the kinetic parameters.	activity at micellar interfaces of bacterial phospholipase c from bacillus cereus on phospholipids solubilized in micelles was investigated with the goal of elucidating the role of the interface microstructure and developing further an existing kinetic model. enzyme kinetics and physicochemical characterization of model substrate aggregates were combined, thus enabling the interpretation of kinetics in the context of the interface. substrates were diacylphosphatidylcholine of different acyl chai ...	2008	19367944
mercury stable isotope fractionation during reduction of hg(ii) by different microbial pathways.	mercury (hg) stable isotope fractionation has recently been developed as a tool in biogeochemistry. in this study, the extent of hg stable isotope fractionation during reduction of ionic mercury [hg(ii)] by two hg(ii)-resistant strains, bacillus cereus 5 and the thermophile anoxybacillus sp. fb9 [which actively detoxify hg(ii) by the mer system] and a hg(ii)-sensitive metal-reducing anaerobe, shewanella oneidensis mr-1 [which reduces hg(ii) at low concentrations], was investigated. in all cases, ...	2008	19174888
efficiency of krcl excilamp (222 nm) for inactivation of bacteria in suspension.	to examine the killing efficiency of uv krcl excilamp against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	2008	19120918
characterization of a bacillus anthracis spore coat-surface protein that influences coat-surface morphology.	bacterial spores are encased in a multilayered proteinaceous shell, called the coat. in many bacillus spp., the coat protects against environmental assault and facilitates germination. in bacillus anthracis, the spore is the etiological agent of anthrax, and the functions of the coat likely contribute to virulence. here, we characterize a b. anthracis spore protein, called cotbeta, which is encoded only in the genomes of the bacillus cereus group. we found that cotbeta is synthesized specificall ...	2008	19054101
antibacterial and cytotoxic activity of kenyan medicinal plants.	seven medicinal plant extracts traditionally used in kenya, mainly for management of infectious conditions, were chosen and screened for their antibacterial activity against gram-negative (pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli) and gram-positive (bacillus cereus and staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. antibacterial activity was tested using the broth dilution method. harrisonia abyssinica and terminalia kilimandscharica extracts showed significant activity against gram+ and gram- bacteria. th ...	2008	19057813
antifungal and antibacterial activities of pentanema divaricatum and its active constituent.	the antimicrobial activity of ethanol and chloroform extracts of pentanema divaricatum cass. was studied using the conventional disk diffusion method. the extracts' highest antimicrobial activity was observed against aspergillus niger. bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract by preparative thin layer chromatography (ptlc) showed one antimicrobial fraction which was especially effective against aspergillus niger. by conventional spectroscopy the active fraction was identified as 4alpha ...	2008	19040101
physiological response of bacillus cereus vegetative cells to simulated food processing treatments.	vegetative cells of the spore-former bacillus cereus were exposed to a number of treatments commonly used in commercial food preparation or during equipment cleaning and decontamination. treated suspensions were then analyzed for reductions (cfu per milliliter) by plate counting and changes in levels of atp and adp released from cells with a bioluminescence-based assay. with the use of flow cytometry (fcm), the physiological status of individual cells before and after exposure to treatments was ...	2008	19044257
stability and antibacterial activity of bacteriocins produced by bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki.	bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides that are produced by bacteria and toxic to bacterial strains closely related to the producer strain. it has previously been reported that bacillus thuringiensis strain neb17 and bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki bupm4 produce the bacteriocins thuricin 17 (3,162 da) and bacthuricin f4 (3,160.05 da), respectively. here, we demonstrate that these bacteriocins have functional similarities and show a similar spectrum of antimicrobial activities against ind ...	2008	19047829
discrimination between biothreat agents and 'near neighbor' species using a resequencing array.	timely identification of biothreat organisms from large numbers of clinical or environmental samples in potential outbreak or attack scenario is critical for effective diagnosis and treatment. this study aims to evaluate the potential of resequencing arrays for this purpose. albeit suboptimal, this report demonstrated that respiratory pathogen microarray version 1 can identify bacillus anthracis, francisella tularensis, yersinia pestis and distinguish them from benign 'near neighbor' species in ...	2008	19049648
spatial localization of bacteria controls coagulation of human blood by 'quorum acting'.	blood coagulation often accompanies bacterial infections and sepsis and is generally accepted as a consequence of immune responses. though many bacterial species can directly activate individual coagulation factors, they have not been shown to directly initiate the coagulation cascade that precedes clot formation. here we demonstrated, using microfluidics and surface patterning, that the spatial localization of bacteria substantially affects coagulation of human and mouse blood and plasma. bacil ...	2008	19031531
metal content and localization during turnover in b. cereus metallo-beta-lactamase.	metallo-beta-lactamases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing all known classes of beta-lactam antibiotics, rendering them ineffective. the design of inhibitors active against all classes of metallo-beta-lactamases has been hampered by the heterogeneity in metal content in the active site and the existence of two different mononuclear forms. bcii is a b1 metallo-beta-lactamase which is found in both mononuclear and dinuclear forms. despite very elegant studies, there is still controversy on the nat ...	2008	18980306
trapping and characterization of a reaction intermediate in carbapenem hydrolysis by b. cereus metallo-beta-lactamase.	metallo-beta-lactamases hydrolyze most beta-lactam antibiotics. the lack of a successful inhibitor for them is related to the previous failure to characterize a reaction intermediate with a clinically useful substrate. stopped-flow experiments together with rapid freeze-quench epr and raman spectroscopies were used to characterize the reaction of co(ii)-bcii with imipenem. these studies show that co(ii)-bcii is able to hydrolyze imipenem in both the mono- and dinuclear forms. in contrast to the ...	2008	18980308
antibacterial activity of acalypha indica l.	hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from the leaves of acalypha indica were tested against gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, bacillus cereus, streptococcus faecalis) and gram-negative (klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. all the extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against gram-positive organisms with minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) between 0.156 to 2.5 mg/ml. among the gram- ...	2008	19024213
genetic diversity of clinical isolates of bacillus cereus using multilocus sequence typing.	bacillus cereus is most commonly associated with foodborne illness (diarrheal and emetic) but is also an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe and fatal infections. several multilocus sequence typing (mlst) schemes have recently been developed to genotype b. cereus and analysis has suggested a clonal or weakly clonal population structure for b. cereus and its close relatives b. anthracis and b. thuringiensis. in this study we used mlst to determine if b. cereus isolates associated with il ...	2008	18990211
eyeball luxation in bacillus cereus-induced panophthalmitis following a double-penetrating ocular injury.		2008	18991051
[two cases of bacillus infection and immunodepression].	members of the genus bacillus are gram-positive bacilli, ubiquitous in the environment. when isolated in clinical practice, it is frequently considered as due to environmental contamination. bacillus cereus is the most frequent species isolated in clinical practice, nevertheless other bacillus spp. are sometimes isolated. bacillus bacteremia is uncommon, the affected patients are severely ill and frequently immunocompromised with hematological malignancies.	2008	18976873
enhanced transformation efficiency of recalcitrant bacillus cereus and bacillus weihenstephanensis isolates upon in vitro methylation of plasmid dna.	digestion patterns of chromosomal dnas of bacillus cereus and bacillus weihenstephanensis strains suggest that sau3ai-type restriction modification systems are widely present among the isolates tested. in vitro methylation of plasmid dna was used to enhance poor plasmid transfer upon electroporation to recalcitrant strains that carry sau3ai restriction barriers.	2008	18952874
production and stability of chlorine dioxide in organic acid solutions as affected by ph, type of acid, and concentration of sodium chlorite, and its effectiveness in inactivating bacillus cereus spores.	we studied the production and stability of chlorine dioxide (clo(2)) in organic acid solutions and its effectiveness in killing bacillus cereus spores. sodium chlorite (5000, 10,000, or 50,000 microg/ml) was added to 5% acetic, citric, or lactic acid solution, adjusted to ph 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, or 6.0, and held at 21 degrees c for up to 14 days. the amount of clo(2) produced was higher as the concentration of sodium chlorite was increased and as the ph of the acid solutions was decreased. however, th ...	2008	18954731
structure-activity relationship of antibacterial chalcones.	the antibacterial activity of 31 chalcones was tested against bacterial strains, bacillus cereus atcc 11778, escherichia coli atcc 25922, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853, and staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923. some of the tested chalcones showed fair to significant activity against gram-positive bacteria. by comparison of the results obtained, the antibacterial activity can be related to features such as the presence of a c-4 hydroxyl group, a c-4' oxygenated substituent or a c-3' isoprenoid si ...	2008	18951808
fulminant septicemia of bacillus cereus resistant to carbapenem in a patient with biphenotypic acute leukemia.	we report a case of fulminant septicemia with bacillus cereus resistant to carbapenem. a 33-year-old man was suffering from febrile neutropenia (fn) on day 15 after the start of remission-induction therapy for biphenotypic acute leukemia under gut decontamination with polymyxin b and nystatin. meropenem, a carbapenem, was administered according to the guideline for fn. two days later (on day 17), he complained of severe abdominal pain, lost consciousness, went into sudden cardiopulmonary arrest, ...	2008	18936889
rechargeable antimicrobial surface modification of polyethylene.	polyethylene films were surface modified, to incorporate amine and amide functionalities, and subsequently were evaluated for their ability to recharge the antimicrobial n-halamine structures after contact with sodium hypochlorite, a common food-approved sanitizer. surfaces were tested for chlorine retention and release, as well as antimicrobial activity against microorganisms relevant to food quality and food safety, including escherichia coli k-12, pseudomonas fluorescens, bacillus cereus, and ...	2008	18939750
enterotoxigenic and genetic profiles of bacillus cereus strains of food origin in brazil.	in brazil, the incidence of bacillus cereus outbreaks is unknown, and there is little information about b. cereus occurrence in food. in addition, data on toxin production and genetic characterization of the b. cereus isolates cannot be found. this pathogen causes two distinct types of toxin-mediated foodborne illnesses known as diarrheal and emetic syndromes. diarrheal syndrome has been linked to three different enterotoxins: two protein complexes, hemolysin bl (hbl) and nonhemolytic enterotoxi ...	2008	18939763
cell wall anchor structure of bcpa pili in bacillus anthracis.	assembly of pili in gram-positive bacteria and their attachment to the cell wall envelope are mediated by sortases. in bacillus cereus and its close relative bacillus anthracis, the major pilin protein bcpa is cleaved between the threonine and the glycine of its c-terminal lpxtg motif sorting signal by the pilin-specific sortase d. the resulting acyl enzyme intermediate is relieved by the nucleophilic attack of the side-chain amino group of lysine within the ypkn motif of another bcpa subunit. c ...	2008	18940793
evidence of induced systemic resistance against botrytis elliptica in lily.	lily leaf blight, caused by botrytis elliptica, is an important fungal disease in taiwan. in order to identify an effective, nonfungicide method to decrease disease incidence in lilium formosanum, the efficacy of rhizobacteria eliciting induced systemic resistance (isr) was examined in this study. over 300 rhizobacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of l. formosanum healthy plants and 63 were identified by the analysis of fatty acid profiles. disease suppressive ability of 13 strains was de ...	2008	18943260
identification of bacillus cereus group species associated with food poisoning outbreaks in british columbia, canada.	food poisoning laboratories identify bacillus cereus using routine methods that may not differentiate all bacillus cereus group species. we recharacterized bacillus food-poisoning strains from 39 outbreaks and identified b. cereus in 23 outbreaks, b. thuringiensis in 4, b. mycoides in 1, and mixed strains of bacillus in 11 outbreaks.	2008	18849447
study on cytotoxicity and nucleotide sequences of enterotoxin fm of bacillus cereus isolated from various food sources.	to determine the cytotoxicity of the crude culture broth containing enterotoxins of b. cereus and investigate the nucleotide sequences of ent fm among various isolates b. cereus.	2008	18843874
crystal structure and enantiomer selection by d-alanyl carrier protein ligase dlta from bacillus cereus.	ubiquitous d-alanylation of lipoteichoic acids modulates the surface charge and ligand binding of the gram-positive cell wall. disruption of the bacterial dltabcd gene involved in teichoic acid alanylation, as well as inhibition of the dlta protein, has been shown to increase a gram-positive bacterium's susceptibility to antibiotics. the dlta d-alanyl carrier protein ligase promotes a two-step process starting with adenylation of d-alanine. we have determined the 2.0 a resolution crystal structu ...	2008	18847223
film coating of seeds with bacillus cereus rs87 spores for early plant growth enhancement.	the plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium bacillus cereus rs87 was previously reported to promote plant growth in various crops in both greenhouse and field trials. to apply as a plant growth promoting agent with practical use, it is essential to ease the burden of routine preparation of a fresh suspension of strain rs87 in laboratory. the objectives of this study were to investigate the feasibility of film-coating seeds with b. cereus rs87 spores for early plant growth enhancement and to reveal ...	2008	18923555
the yvftu two-component system is involved in plcr expression in bacillus cereus.	most extracellular virulence factors produced by bacillus cereus are regulated by the pleiotropic transcriptional activator plcr. among strains belonging to the b. cereus group, the plcr gene is always located in the vicinity of genes encoding the yvftu two-component system. the putative role of yvftu in the expression of the plcr regulon was therefore investigated.	2008	18925929
genotypic and phenotypic diversity of bacillus spp. isolated from steel plant waste.	molecular studies of bacillus diversity in various environments have been reported. however, there have been few investigations concerning bacillus in steel plant environments. in this study, genotypic and phenotypic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among 40 bacterial isolates recovered from steel plant waste were investigated using classical and molecular methods.	2008	18928552
digestion of rice straw and oil palm fronds by microflora from rumen and termite bacteria, in vitro.	the digestion and volatile fatty acid (vfa) production from rice straw and oil palm fronds by cellulolytic bacteria isolated from the termite coptotermes curvignathus were investigated. the bacteria were acinetobacter strain raminalimon, enterobacter aerogenes strain razmin c, enterobacter cloacae strain razmin b, bacillus cereus strain razmin a and chryseobacterium kwangyangense strain cb. acinetobacter strain raminalimon is an aerobic bacterium, while the other species are facultative anaerobe ...	2008	18817130
the bacillus subtilis ydjl (bdha) gene encodes acetoin reductase/2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase.	bacillus subtilis is capable of producing 2,3-butanediol from acetoin by fermentation, but to date, the gene encoding the enzyme responsible, acetoin reductase/2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (ar/bdh), has remained unknown. a search of the b. subtilis genome database with the amino acid sequences of functional ar/bdhs from saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus cereus resulted in the identification of a highly similar protein encoded by the b. subtilis ydjl gene. a knockout strain carrying a ydjl::c ...	2008	18820069
[effects of low concentration heavy metals on biodegradation of bde209 by bacillus cereus].	in view of joint contamination of heavy metals and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) caused by electronic-wastes, analysis measures of gc-ms, icp, uv scanning, ftir, sem, etc. were used to research on the debromination of deca-brominated diphenyl ethers (bde209) and biodegradation capability under aerobic condition by combined bacillus cereus xpb and xpc, and the effects of low concentrations of heavy metals on the biodegradation of bde209 were also studied. the experimental results showed ...	2008	18828385
circular dichroism and magnetic circular dichroism studies of the biferrous site of the class ib ribonucleotide reductase from bacillus cereus: comparison to the class ia enzymes.	the rate limiting step in dna biosynthesis is the reduction of ribonucleotides to form the corresponding deoxyribonucleotides. this reaction is catalyzed by ribonucleotide reductases (rnrs) and is an attractive target against rapidly proliferating pathogens. class i rnrs are binuclear non-heme iron enzymes and can be further divided into subclasses. class ia is found in many organisms, including humans, while class ib has only been found in bacteria, notably some pathogens. both bacillus anthrac ...	2008	18831534
[antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria community sfc-2 used for fermentation of air-dried crop straws].	to evaluate the antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria community sfc-2 in fermented crop straw.	2008	18837364
defensive and simultaneous actions of glycoconjugates during spore decontamination.	an estimated $1 billion was lost in decontaminating areas exposed to anthrax in the 2001 attacks. to counter the threat of biological attacks, an effective 'green' decontaminant is vital to minimize the consequences of such attacks. the objective of our research was to study the ability of glycoconjugate ligands to decontaminate bacillus cereus spores on hard surfaces. polyvalent glycoconjugates (also known as neoglycoconjugates) were tested during decontamination of b. cereus spores. resulting ...	2008	18490004
riboswitches in eubacteria sense the second messenger cyclic di-gmp.	cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (di-gmp) is a circular rna dinucleotide that functions as a second messenger in diverse species of bacteria to trigger wide-ranging physiological changes, including cell differentiation, conversion between motile and biofilm lifestyles, and virulence gene expression. however, the mechanisms by which cyclic di-gmp regulates gene expression have remained a mystery. we found that cyclic di-gmp in many bacterial species is sensed by a riboswitch class in messenger r ...	2008	18635805
the in vitro pharmacological activities of 12 south african hermannia species.	hermannia species are widely used in traditional medicine in southern africa, however no extensive study has been conducted on this genus. the acetone extracts of 12 indigenous hermannia species (flowers, stems and leaves combined) were evaluated for various pharmacological activities. all investigated species displayed promising antimicrobial activity, with hermannia saccifera being the most active against staphylococcus aureus (mic=19.5 microg/ml), bacillus cereus (mic=19.5 microg/ml) and ente ...	2008	18640257
the bacillus cereus gern and gert protein homologs have distinct roles in spore germination and outgrowth, respectively.	the gert protein of bacillus cereus shares 74% amino acid identity with its homolog gern. the latter is a na(+)/h(+)-k(+) antiporter that is required for normal spore germination in inosine. the germination properties of single and double mutants of b. cereus atcc 10876 reveal that unlike gern, which is required for all germination responses that involve the geri germinant receptor, the gert protein does not have a significant role in germination, although it is required for the residual geri-me ...	2008	18641133
fluorescent-box-pcr for resolving bacterial genetic diversity, endemism and biogeography.	box-a1r-based repetitive extragenic palindromic-pcr (box-pcr) is one of the most used techniques in biogeography studies of microbial isolates. however the traditional separation of box-pcr patterns by agarose gel electrophoresis suffers many limitations. the aim of this research was to set up a fluorescent box-pcr (f-box-pcr) assay in which separation of pcr products is automated in a capillary electrophoresis system. f-box-pcr was compared with the traditional box-pcr using bacterial strains w ...	2008	19077307
plasma assisted decontamination of bacterial spores.	the efficacy and mechanism of killing bacterial spores by a plasma torch is studied. bacterial-spore (bacillus cereus) suspension is inoculated onto glass/paper slide-coupons and desiccated into dry samples, and inoculated into well-microplate as wet sample. the exposure distance of all samples is 4 cm from the nozzle of the torch. in the experiment, paper slide-coupon is inserted inside an envelope. the kill times on spores in three types of samples are measured to be about 3, 9, and 24 seconds ...	2008	19662115
adaptive protein evolution grants organismal fitness by improving catalysis and flexibility.	protein evolution is crucial for organismal adaptation and fitness. this process takes place by shaping a given 3-dimensional fold for its particular biochemical function within the metabolic requirements and constraints of the environment. the complex interplay between sequence, structure, functionality, and stability that gives rise to a particular phenotype has limited the identification of traits acquired through evolution. this is further complicated by the fact that mutations are pleiotrop ...	2008	19098096
induction of natural competence in bacillus cereus atcc14579.	natural competence is the ability of certain microbes to take up exogenous dna from the environment and integrate it in their genome. competence development has been described for a variety of bacteria, but has so far not been shown to occur in bacillus cereus. however, orthologues of most proteins involved in natural dna uptake in bacillus subtilis could be identified in b. cereus. here, we report that b. cereus atcc14579 can become naturally competent. when expressing the b. subtilis comk prot ...	2008	21261842
erythrophore cell response to food-associated pathogenic bacteria: implications for detection.	cell-based biosensors have been proposed for use as function-based detectors of toxic agents. we report the use of betta splendens chromatophore cells, specifically erythrophore cells, for detection of food-associated pathogenic bacteria. evaluation of erythrophore cell response, using bacillus spp., has revealed that this response can distinguish pathogenic bacillus cereus from a non-pathogenic b. cereus δplcr deletion mutant and a non-pathogenic bacillus subtilis. erythrophore cells were expos ...	2008	21261862
biodegradability of commercial and weathered diesel oils.	this work aimed to evaluate the capability of different microorganisms to degrade commercial diesel oil in comparison to a weathered diesel oil collected from the groundwater at a petrol station. two microbiological methods were used for the biodegradability assessment: the technique based on the redox indicator 2,6 -dichlorophenol indophenol (dcpip) and soil respirometric experiments using biometer flasks. in the former we tested the bacterial cultures staphylococcus hominis, kocuria palustris, ...	2008	24031193
synthesis, structure and antimicrobial activity of manganese(ii) and cobalt(ii) complexes of the polyether ionophore antibiotic sodium monensin a.	mononuclear neutral manganese(ii) and cobalt(ii) complexes with the antibiotic sodium monensin a (mon-na, 1b) were synthesized and characterized. the crystal structures of m(mon-na)2cl2.h2o (m=mn, 2; m=co, 3) were determined by x-ray crystallography. the complexes crystallize in monoclinic space group c2 with a tetrahedrally coordinated transition metal attached to oxygen atoms of deprotonated carboxyl groups of two sodium monensin molecules and two chloride ions. the sodium ion remains in the c ...	2008	17692921
anaerobic biodegradation of fluoranthene under methanogenic conditions in presence of surface-active compounds.	bacillus cereus isolated from municipal wastewater treatment plant was used as a model strain to assess the efficiency of two anionic surfactants, a chemical surfactant and a biosurfactant during fluoranthene biodegradation under anaerobic methanogenic conditions. the surfactants selected for the study were linear alkyl benzene sulphonates (las) and rhamnolipid-biosurfactant complex from pseudomonas sp. ps-17. biodegradation of fluoranthene was monitored by gc/ms for a period up to 12th day. no ...	2008	17869417
construction, crystal structure and application of a recombinant protein that lacks the collagen-like region of bcla from bacillus anthracis spores.	spores of bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, are enclosed by an exosporium, which consists of a basal layer surrounded by a nap of hair-like filaments. the major structural component of the filaments is called bcla, which comprises a central collagen-like region (clr) and a globular c-terminal domain. here, the entire clr coding sequence of bcla was removed, and the resulting protein (tbcla) produced in escherichia coli. the crystallographic structure of tbcla was determined to ...	2008	17879302
cr(iii), fe(iii) and co(iii) complexes of tetradentate (onno) schiff base ligands: synthesis, characterization, properties and biological activity.	a series of metal complexes were synthesized from equimolar amounts of schiff bases: 1,4-bis[3-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldimine)propyl]piperazine (bappnaf) and 1,8-bis[3-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldimine)-p-menthane (damnaf) with metal chlorides. all of synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, spectral (uv-vis, ir, (1)h-(13)c nmr, lc-ms) and thermal (tga-dta) methods, magnetic and conductance measurements. schiff base complexes supposed in tetragonal geometry have the general formula ...	2008	17904895
antibacterial activity of a bacteriocin-like substance produced by bacillus sp. p34 that targets the bacterial cell envelope.	the objective of this study was to investigate the mode of action of bls p34, a bacteriocin-like substance (bls) produced by a novel bacillus sp. strain p34 isolated from the amazon basin. the effect of the bls was tested against listeria monocytogenes, showing a bactericidal effect at 200 au (activity units) ml(-1), while no inhibition of spore outgrowth of bacillus cereus was observed with a dose of 1,600 au ml(-1). growth of escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis was inhibited, but only ...	2008	17906937
effect of heat-generated product from uronic acids on the physiological activities of microbial cells and its application.	filtered samples of monogalacturonic (ga) and monoglucuronic acids (gl) that were prepared using millipore filter (pore size=0.2 microm) slightly inhibited the growth of escherichia coli while the autoclaved (at 121 degrees c for 20 min) samples of ga and gl completely inhibited the growth of e. coli. the most effective substance generated upon autoclave treatment was isolated and characterized as trans-4,5-dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one (dhcp). the optimal conditions for dhcp generation were als ...	2008	17911011
microbial consortium bioaugmentation of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil.	in this study we evaluated the capacity of a defined microbial consortium (five bacteria: mycobacterium fortuitum, bacillus cereus, microbacterium sp., gordonia polyisoprenivorans, microbacteriaceae bacterium, naphthalene-utilizing bacterium; and a fungus identified as fusarium oxysporum) isolated from a pahs contaminated landfarm site to degrade and mineralize different concentrations (0, 250, 500 and 1000 mg kg(-1)) of anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrene in soil. pahs degradation and mineraliz ...	2008	17572084
discrimination of bacillus anthracis and closely related microorganisms by analysis of 16s and 23s rrna with oligonucleotide microarray.	analysis of 16s rrna sequences is a commonly used method for the identification and discrimination of microorganisms. however, the high similarity of 16s and 23s rrna sequences of bacillus cereus group organisms (up to 99-100%) and repeatedly failed attempts to develop molecular typing systems that would use dna sequences to discriminate between species within this group have resulted in several suggestions to consider b. cereus and b. thuringiensis, or these two species together with b. anthrac ...	2008	17950718
species-level identification of bacillus strains isolates from marine sediments by conventional biochemical, 16s rrna gene sequencing and inter-trna gene sequence lengths analysis.	the aim of this study was to compare the ability of commonly used conventional biochemical tests, sequencing analysis of 16s rrna genes and tdna-intergenic spacer length polymorphism (tdna-pcr) to identify species of the genus bacillus recovered from marine sediments. while biochemical tests were not sufficiently sensitive to distinguish between the 23 marine strains analyzed, partial 16s rrna gene sequences allowed a correct identification, clustering them into four species belonging to bacillu ...	2008	17922298
the inactivation and removal of airborne bacillus atrophaeus endospores from air circulation systems using uvc and hepa filters.	to (i) evaluate the uv radiation in the 'c' band/high efficient particulate air (uvc/hepa) instrument's potential to inactivate spores of bacillus atrophaeus and selected bacillus species and (ii) test whether a titanium dioxide coating inside the cylindrical hepa filter improves the system's efficacy.	2008	17927759
inhibitory effect of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms against helicobacter pylori clinical isolates.	to determine the in vitro inhibitory effect of several gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms against helicobacter pylori clinical isolates.	2008	17965421
cell wall carbohydrate compositions of strains from the bacillus cereus group of species correlate with phylogenetic relatedness.	members of the bacillus cereus group contain cell wall carbohydrates that vary in their glycosyl compositions. recent multilocus sequence typing (mlst) refined the relatedness of b. cereus group members by separating them into clades and lineages. based on mlst, we selected several b. anthracis, b. cereus, and b. thuringiensis strains and compared their cell wall carbohydrates. the cell walls of different b. anthracis strains (clade 1/anthracis) were composed of glucose (glc), galactose (gal), n ...	2008	17981984
supercat: a supertree database for combined and integrative multilocus sequence typing analysis of the bacillus cereus group of bacteria (including b. cereus, b. anthracis and b. thuringiensis).	the bacillus cereus group of bacteria is an important group including mammalian and insect pathogens, such as b. anthracis, the anthrax bacterium, b. thuringiensis, used as a biological pesticide and b. cereus, often involved in food poisoning incidents. to characterize the population structure and epidemiology of these bacteria, five separate multilocus sequence typing (mlst) schemes have been developed, which makes results difficult to compare. therefore, we have developed a database that comp ...	2008	17982177
sphingomyelinase generation of ceramide promotes clustering of nanoscale domains in supported bilayer membranes.	the effects of ceramide incorporation in supported bilayers prepared from ternary lipid mixtures which have small nanoscale domains have been examined using atomic force and fluorescence microscopy. both direct ceramide incorporation in vesicles used to prepare the supported bilayers and enzymatic hydrolysis of sm by sphingomyelinase were compared for membranes prepared from 5:5:1 dopc/sphingomyelin/cholesterol mixtures. both methods of ceramide incorporation resulted in enlargement of the initi ...	2008	17988649
influence of the sporulation temperature on the impact of the nutrients inosine and l-alanine on bacillus cereus spore germination.	the effect of sporulation temperature on bacillus cereus spore germination triggered by the nutrient germinants inosine and l-alanine was investigated. the germination (expressed as % a(600nm) fall) of heat-activated spores of b. cereus strain atcc14579 produced at 20 and 37 degrees c, and of psychrotrophic strains lm9 and d15 produced at 15 and 37 degrees c was followed in a germination buffer containing inosine at concentrations between 0.01 and 10mmoll(-1), or l-alanine between 1 and 100mmoll ...	2008	17993396
bioactivity and chemical composition of the leaf essential oils of zanthoxylum rhoifolium and zanthoxylum setulosum from monteverde, costa rica.	the leaf essential oils of zanthoxylum rhoifolium and zanthoxylum setulosum (rutaceae) from monteverde, costa rica have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the principal constituents of z. rhoifolium leaf oil were germacrene d (14.6%), limonene (12.5%), trans-2-hexenal (11.3%), beta-elemene (9.2%), 2-undecanone (9.2%), myrcene (7.9%), bicyclogermacrene (7.5%), and germacrene a (5.2%). the leaf oil of z. setulosum was composed largely of beta-p ...	2008	17999336
potential and limitation of uvc irradiation for the inactivation of pathogens in platelet concentrates.	pathogen contamination, causing transfusion-transmitted diseases, is an ongoing concern in transfusion of cellular blood products. in this explorative study, the pathogen-inactivating capacity of uvc irradiation in platelet (plt) concentrates was investigated. the dose dependencies of inactivation of several viruses and bacteria were compared with the effect on plt quality.	2008	18028277
unconventional giy-yig homing endonuclease encoded in group i introns in closely related strains of the bacillus cereus group.	several group i introns have been previously found in strains of the bacillus cereus group at three different insertion sites in the nrde gene of the essential nrdief operon coding for ribonucleotide reductase. here, we identify an uncharacterized group ia intron in the nrdf gene in 12 strains of the b. cereus group and show that the pre-mrna is efficiently spliced. the bacillus thuringiensis ssp. pakistani nrdf intron encodes a homing endonuclease, denoted i-bthii, with an unconventional giy-(x ...	2008	18032435
establishment and characterization of dual-species biofilms formed from a 3,5-dinitrobenzoic-degrading strain and bacteria with high biofilm-forming capabilities.	in this study, the possibility of establishing a dual-species biofilm from a bacterium with a high biofilm-forming capability and a 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (3,5-dnba)-degrading bacterium, comamonas testosteroni a3, was investigated. our results showed that the combinations of strain a3 with each of five strains with a high biofilm-forming capability (pseudomonas sp. m8, pseudomonas putida m9, bacillus cereus m19, pseudomonas plecoglossicida m21 and aeromonas hydrophila m22) presented different l ...	2008	18034834
ecological diversification in the bacillus cereus group.	the bacillus cereus group comprises organisms that are widely distributed in the environment and are of health and economic interest. we demonstrate an 'ecotypic' structure of populations in the b. cereus group using (i) molecular data from fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism patterns, ribosomal gene sequences, partial panc gene sequences, 'psychrotolerant' dna sequence signatures and (ii) phenotypic and descriptive data from range of growth temperature, psychrotolerance and therm ...	2008	18036180
identification of beta-lactamase in antibiotic-resistant bacillus cereus spores.	beta-lactamase type i is reported for the first time to occur in the sporulated form in a penicillin-resistant bacillus species. the enzyme was readily characterized from the b. cereus 5/b line (atcc 13061) by mass spectrometry and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.	2008	18065609
inhibition of listeria monocytogenes in dairy products using the bacteriocin-like peptide cerein 8a.	the efficacy of the antimicrobial peptide cerein 8a to control the development of listeria monocytogenes in milk and soft cheese was investigated. the addition of 160 au ml(-1) cerein 8a to uht milk resulted in a decrease of 3 log cycles in viable cells within the 14-day period at 4 degrees c. the viable counts of l. monocytogenes in pasteurized milk samples containing cerein 8a was lower than those observed in controls without bacteriocin. addition of cerein 8a to minas-type soft cheese caused ...	2008	18068253
human chitotriosidase is expressed in the eye and lacrimal gland and has an antimicrobial spectrum different from lysozyme.	chitotriosidase is a chitinolytic enzyme expressed by maturing macrophages and preformed in neutrophil granules, suggesting a role in antimicrobial defence. although available evidence supports a role in anti-fungal immunity, there is a lack of an obvious phenotype in humans homozygous for a mutation which renders chitotriosidase inactive. this may be explained by compensatory effects of enzymes co-expressed with chitotriosidase, such as lysozyme. we have found that chitinase is highly expressed ...	2008	18068392
broad distribution of enterotoxin genes (hblcda, nheabc, cytk, and entfm) among bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus as shown by novel primers.	eight new pairs of pcr primers were designed and efficiently detect eight toxin genes (hblc, hbld, hbla, nhea, nheb, nhec, cytk, and entfm) in 411 b. cereus strains (121 food- and 290 soil isolates) and 205 b. thuringiensis strains (43 serovars, 10 food- and 152 soil isolates). according to the presence of these eight toxin genes, they were divided into four groups among the total 616 isolates. in group i, all eight genes occurred simultaneously in 403 (65.42%) isolates, while group ii (134 isol ...	2008	18068844
genetic and biochemical characterization of cad-1, a chromosomally encoded new class a penicillinase from carnobacterium divergens.	carnobacterium divergens clinical isolates bm4489 and bm4490 were resistant to penicillins but remained susceptible to combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and piperacillin-tazobactam. cloning and sequencing of the responsible determinant from bm4489 revealed a coding sequence of 912 bp encoding a class a beta-lactamase named cad-1. the bla(cad-1) gene was assigned to a chromosomal location in the two strains that had distinct pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. cad-1 shared 53% an ...	2008	18070972
the occurrence of bacillus cereus, b. thuringiensis and b. mycoides in chinese pasteurized full fat milk.	in 2006, a total of 54 samples of pasteurized full fat milk packaged in cartons were collected in spring and in autumn from chain supermarkets in wuhan, china. the samples were examined and enumerated by mpn methods strictly according to guidelines laid out in us fda/cfsan bam chapter 14. among 102 isolated b. cereus-like bacteria, 92 isolates were identified to be b. cereus, 9 b. thuringiensis and 1 b. mycoides. it was found that the occurrences of b. cereus were 71.4% and 33.3% in spring and i ...	2008	18077041
hydrogen and polyhydroxybutyrate producing abilities of microbes from diverse habitats by dark fermentative process.	thirty five bacterial isolates from diverse environmental sources such as contaminated food, nitrogen rich soil, activated sludges from pesticide and oil refineries effluent treatment plants were found to belong to bacillus, bordetella, enterobacter, proteus, and pseudomonas sp. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. under dark fermentative conditions, maximum hydrogen (h(2)) yields (mol/mol of glucose added) were recorded to be 0.68 with enterobacter aerogenes egu16 followed by 0.63 w ...	2008	18083024
multiple-locus sequence typing and analysis of toxin genes in bacillus cereus food-borne isolates.	in the present study we characterized 47 food-borne isolates of bacillus cereus using multilocus sequence typing (mlst). newly determined sequences were combined with sequences available in public data banks in order to produce the largest data set possible. phylogenetic analysis was performed on a total of 296 strains for which mlst sequence information is available, and three main lineages--i, ii, and iii--within the b. cereus complex were identified. with few exceptions, all food-borne isolat ...	2008	18083872
the genetically remote pathogenic strain nvh391-98 of the bacillus cereus group is representative of a cluster of thermophilic strains.	bacteria of the bacillus cereus group are known to cause food poisoning. a rare phylogenetically remote strain, nvh391-98, was recently characterized to encode a particularly efficient cytotoxin k presumably responsible for food poisoning. this pathogenic strain and its close relatives can be phenotypically distinguished from other strains of the b. cereus group by the inability to grow at temperatures below 17 degrees c and by the ability to grow at temperatures from 48 to 53 degrees c. a tempe ...	2008	18156332
[key original articles published in the "annales françaises d'anesthésie et de réanimation" (years 2006-2007)].		2008	18166290
kefiran antagonizes cytopathic effects of bacillus cereus extracellular factors.	kefiran, the polysaccharide produced by microorganisms present in kefir grains, is a water-soluble branched glucogalactan containing equal amounts of d-glucose and d-galactose. in this study, the effect of kefiran on the biological activity of bacillus cereus strain b10502 extracellular factors was assessed by using cultured human enterocytes (caco-2 cells) and human erythrocytes. in the presence of kefiran concentrations ranging from 300 to 1000 mg/l, the ability of b. cereus b10502 spent cultu ...	2008	18174111