Publications

inhibitory mechanism of ca2+ on the hemolysis caused by vibrio vulnificus cytolysin.	calcium in millimolar concentrations protected mouse erythrocytes from hemolysis caused by vibrio vulnificus cytolysin without affecting the release of intracellular k+ from the cells. this effect was maximal at 25 mm cacl2. the protection was not absolute and could be partially overcome by increased concentrations of cytolysin. calcium failed to block both the binding and oligomer formation of cytolysins on the erythrocyte membrane. after pore formation, the continued presence of calcium is req ...	1994	8075131
antigens of vibrio vulnificus.	rabbit antisera raised against a formalinized culture of vibrio vulnificus were examined for the development of igm and igg antibody by elisa analysis of serum samples harvested weekly for 5 weeks following the initial injection. v. vulnificus antigens recognized by the sera in three fractions of the culture were identified by immunoblot analysis. the major species recognized in the culture supernatant solution by both igm and igg had a molar mass of 58 kd. in fractions derived from the bacteria ...	1994	8078421
vibrio vulnificus infections and raw oysters.		1994	8093160
vibrio vulnificus and molluscan shellfish: the necessity of education for high-risk individuals.		1994	8120298
effect of osmotic variation on the outer membrane proteins of vibrio vulnificus: identification of a major heat-modifiable protein.	cells of the moderately halophilic bacterium vibrio vulnificus showed marked morphological changes, manifested primarily by pronounced cell elongation when grown in a defined medium with increased salt concentrations of 0.5 to 2.0%. these morphological changes were not accompanied by changes in outer membrane proteins (omp). a similar lack of omp variation was observed when cells were grown in heart infusion broth containing 1-2% nacl. osmotic upshock during growth also had no effect on omp prof ...	1994	7700159
isolation and characterization of three porin-like proteins from vibrio vulnificus: effect of different growth media on their production.	the effect of the culture media on the composition of the outer membrane protein of vibrio vulnificus strain 393 from human blood was examined. only one major outer membrane protein, with an apparent molecular weight of 37,000 (37k protein) and 34,000 (34k protein), was formed in the cells grown in 3% nacl-bhi broth and chemically defined medium, respectively. the production of one major outer membrane protein was also observed in other isolates from humans and asari clam when they were grown in ...	1994	7723685
structure of vulnibactin, a new polyamine-containing siderophore from vibrio vulnificus.	a new siderophore named vulnibactin has been isolated from low iron cultures of vibrio vulnificus, a human pathogen. the structure was established as n-[3-(2,3-dihydroxybenzamido)propyl]-1,3-bis[2-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)- trans-5 - methyl-2-oxazoline-4-carboxamido]propane by a combination of acid hydrolysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positive fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. vulnibactin is characterized as containing one residue of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid as well as two re ...	1994	8148612
seasonal variations in the occurrence of vibrio vulnificus along the dutch coast.	the seasonal variation in the occurrence of v. vulnificus in relation to water temperature and salinity was studied along the dutch coast. in two consecutive years v. vulnificus strains could be isolated in august when the water temperature was highest. the indole-positive strains isolated from north sea water samples were identical to most strains isolated from human disease and from the environment. however, strains isolated from four of five patients living in countries around the north sea w ...	1994	8150002
densities of vibrio vulnificus in the intestines of fish from the u.s. gulf coast.	densities of vibrio vulnificus in the intestinal contents of various finfish, oysters, and crabs and in sediment and waters of the u.s. gulf coast were determined by the most probable number procedure. species were identified by enzyme immunoassay. during the winter, densities of v. vulnificus were low, and the organism was isolated more frequently from sheepshead fish than from sediment and seawater. from april to october, v. vulnificus densities were considerably higher (2 to 5 logs) in estuar ...	1994	8161189
[beta-thalassemia major complicated with vibrio vulnificus septicemia: report of one case].	vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic vibrio that has been isolated repeatedly from sea-water and shellfish during the warm months of the year. it's a virulent pathogen for men and is frequently associated with overwhelming infections including sepsis, gangrene of extremities and high mortality rate. we encountered a 13-year-old boy who had a history of beta-thalassemia major with secondary hemochromatosis, suffering from vomiting, diarrhea, fever and hypotension. physical examination revealed that ...	1994	8178648
sequence determination of rrna genes of pathogenic vibrio species and whole-cell identification of vibrio vulnificus with rrna-targeted oligonucleotide probes.	a comparative analysis of seven new 16s rrna gene sequences of pathogenic vibrio species with previously published vibrio sequences confirmed that vibrio vulnificus represents a group that is not closely related to the core organisms of the genus vibrio. in addition, we found that v. vulnificus, listonella (vibrio) anguillarum and vibrio diazotrophicus branch off separately from the core group. a comparison of the 16s rrna gene sequences of v. vulnificus strains belonging to biotypes 1 and 2 rev ...	1994	8186099
role of iron, capsule, and toxins in the pathogenicity of vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 for mice.	the virulence mechanisms of vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 have been studied and compared with those of biotype 1 in mice as the experimental animals. biotype 2 isolates from european eels were as virulent for mice as biotype 1 strains (50% lethal dose, about 10(5) cfu per mouse); a septicemic infection developed in less than 24 h. these strains had several properties in common with biotype 1 organisms including capsule expression, uptake of various iron sources, and production of exoproteins, whos ...	1994	8300241
cloning and characterization of three hemolysin genes from aeromonas salmonicida.	two hemolysin genes (ash3 and ash4) of aeromonas salmonicida strain 17-2 and one (ash1) of a. salmonicida atcc14174 were cloned into the cosmid vector charomid 9-36 in escherichia coli dh1. the overall amino acid sequence of the ash3 was similar to that of the aerolysins of aeromonas hydrophila and aeromonas sobria, and hemolysins ahh3, ahh4, and ahh5 of a. hydrophila, and hemolysin asa1 of a. sobria. the sequence of ash4 was similar to that of the ahh1 hemolysin of a. hydrophila. the ash4 hemol ...	1993	8309354
regulation of proteolytic activity of vibrio vulnificus by iron-containing compounds.	previous studies have shown that the vibrio vulnificus is able to use hemoglobin and the hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex to reverse iron limitation. in addition, we report here that free hemin, as well as hemin bound to albumin, will reverse iron-limited growth. while protease negative mutants were able to use hemin and hemoglobin, they were unable to compete as successfully for albumin-bound hemin. using luria broth with the iron chelator ethylenediamine-di(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (edda), no ...	1993	8321126
sequence analysis of the beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase gene of vibrio vulnificus: evidence for a common evolutionary origin of hexosaminidases.	dna cloned from the marine bacterium vibrio vulnificus into escherichia coli hb101 can hydrolyze chitin oligomer analogs in the recipient. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned dna was determined and a single long open reading frame of 2541 base pairs (initiation codon through termination codon) was found. the nucleotide sequence predicts a gene product of 847 amino acids and a molecular mass of 94.3 kda. in vitro transcription and translation analyses indicated a single protein of 94 kda encode ...	1993	8341694
preventing vibrio vulnificus infections: who should bear responsibility?		1993	8347372
capsular types of vibrio vulnificus: an analysis of strains from clinical and environmental sources.	vibrio vulnificus produces a capsular polysaccharide (cps) that is essential for virulence. cps from v. vulnificus clinical strain mo6-24 has been purified and the structure determined. in preliminary screening with antisera raised to mo6-24 cps, 4 (19%) of 21 clinical isolates (including mo6-24), but none of 67 environmental v. vulnificus isolates, agglutinated with anti-mo6-24 antisera (p = .003). cps was isolated from a subset of 12 clinical and 7 environmental isolates and analyzed by high-p ...	1993	8354917
role of bradykinin in microbial infection: enhancement of septicemia by microbial proteases and kinin.	data presented herein will show that bradykinin, microbial proteases which activate the kinin generating cascade, and kininase inhibitors can enhance septicemia by approximately 10 to 100 fold in mice infected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with a strain of bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa 621, which does not usually produce a kinin generating protease. bacterial spreading was evaluated either in the blood or in the spleen by colony formation on agar plates. using the p. aeruginosa kaguma strain which ...	1993	8356921
effects of temperature and salinity on the survival of vibrio vulnificus in seawater and shellfish.	sterilized seawater was used to assess the effects of temperature and salinity on the survival of vibrio vulnificus. in the temperature range of 13 to 22 degrees c, numbers of v. vulnificus increased during the 6-day incubation. temperatures outside this range reduced the time of v. vulnificus survival in sterile 10-ppt seawater. at these restrictive temperatures, v. vulnificus numbers were reduced by 90% after 6 days of incubation. incubation between 0.5 and 10.5 degrees c demonstrated that v. ...	1993	8368832
vibrio vulnificus from raw oysters. leading cause of reported deaths from foodborne illness in florida.	seventy-two cases of vibrio vulnificus infection from raw oysters were reported from 1981-1992; 36 (50%) patients died, making this infection the leading cause of reported deaths from foodborne illness in florida. the bacterium naturally occurs in coastal waters and may contaminate legally harvested and properly handled shellfish. infection, usually by ingestion of contaminated raw oysters, can cause severe illness especially in individuals with preexisting liver disease. they are at 80 times gr ...	1993	8409906
rapid identification of vibrio vulnificus on nonselective media with an alkaline phosphatase-labeled oligonucleotide probe.	an oligonucleotide dna probe (vvap) was constructed from a portion of the vibrio vulnificus cytolysin gene (hyla) sequence and labeled with alkaline phosphatase covalently linked to the dna. control and environmental isolates probed with vvap showed an exact correlation with results obtained with a plasmid dna probe (derived from pcvd702) previously described as having 100% specificity and sensitivity for this organism. identification of v. vulnificus strains was confirmed independently by analy ...	1993	8434919
[extra-intestinal infections caused by vibrio spp. in the netherlands].	six patients with serious cellulitis or ear infection due to vibrio vulnificus, v. parahaemolyticus or v. alginolyticus are described. four patients were infected during the summer in the netherlands and two outside the netherlands. contact with seawater was the most probable source in four patients. in two patients the infection, caused by v. vulnificus, was transmitted by eel. this is a new way of transmission.	1993	8469298
comparison of outer membrane protein profiles of vibrio vulnificus biotypes 1 and 2.	the outer membrane proteins of 17 vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 strains from japanese and european eels, and 12 biotype 1 strains from clinical and environmental sources have been compared. the overall profile in both biotypes was similar, and a major protein band of molecular mass 36 kda was detected in the majority of the strains. differences in the minor bands allowed differentiation of strains from different origins, suggesting that outer membrane protein profiles could be useful as epidemiolo ...	1993	8472904
presence of a capsule in vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 and its relationship to virulence for eels.	strains of vibrio vulnificus biotype 2, isolated from internal organs of diseased european eels as pure cultures of opaque cells, together with some reference strains from japanese eels, were used in this study. spontaneous translucent-phase variants were obtained from the corresponding parent strains and compared for a variety of phenotypic traits related to virulence for eels. the rate of colony dissociation from opaque to translucent cells was higher (around 10(-2)) than that observed for tra ...	1993	8478049
immunogenicity of vibrio vulnificus capsular polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein conjugates.	opaque colony morphology has been correlated to vibrio vulnificus virulence. however, the number of capsular serotypes expressed by virulent isolates is unknown. in an effort to produce anticapsule sera, capsular polysaccharide (cps) from three opaque v. vulnificus strains was purified and characterized. purified cpss were acidic and contained considerable amounts of hexosamine and trace quantities of protein and nucleic acid. cps purified from strain c7184 was poorly immunogenic for rabbits and ...	1993	8478094
vibrio vulnificus infections associated with raw oyster consumption--florida, 1981-1992.	vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative bacterium that can cause serious illness and death in persons with preexisting liver disease or compromised immune systems. from 1981 through 1992, 125 persons with v. vulnificus infections, of whom 44 (35%) died, were reported to the florida department of health and rehabilitative services (hrs). this report summarizes data on these cases and presents estimates of the at-risk population in florida.	1993	8497241
primary vibrio vulnificus septicemia.	we present a fatal case of primary vibrio vulnificus septicemia in a patient with chronic alcoholic liver disease. the patient had recently consumed raw seafood. the epidemiology and clinical presentation of vibrio vulnificus infection is discussed. preventive, early empiric therapy, and aggressive search for this organism in patients at risk is stressed.	1993	8505517
capsular polysaccharide structure of a clinical isolate of vibrio vulnificus strain bo62316 determined by heteronuclear nmr spectroscopy and high-performance anion-exchange chromatography.	virulence of vibrio vulnificus has been strongly associated with encapsulation. capsular polysaccharide was purified from a virulent strain of vibrio vulnificus bo62316, a clinical isolate, by dialysis, centrifugation, enzymatic digestion, and phenol-chloroform extraction. this polysaccharide shows partial reactivity with antibodies to the capsular polysaccharide of a related pathogenic strain of v. vulnificus (mo6-24) whose structure was recently reported. nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscop ...	1993	8250211
direct plating procedure for enumerating vibrio vulnificus in oysters (crassostrea virginica).	a procedure for enumerating and identifying vibrio vulnificus in oysters was developed and evaluated. this method consists of growth on a direct plating medium (vve medium) for isolating the organism from shellfish tissues, followed by biochemical tests for differentiating and identifying presumptively positive isolates. densities of v. vulnificus are reliably obtained in 2 to 4 days, and as few as 10 culturable cells per 100 g can be identified. the procedure was evaluated by using a dna probe ...	1993	8285658
enumeration of vibrio vulnificus on membrane filters with a fluorescently labeled oligonucleotide probe specific for kingdom-level 16s rrna sequences.	vibrio vulnificus was enumerated on membrane filters after hybridization with a fluorescent oligonucleotide eubacterial probe. cells were hybridized in liquid buffer or directly on membrane filters. there was no significant difference between fluorescent oligonucleotide direct counts and acridine orange direct counts (p > 0.05). liquid buffer hybridization was preferable to direct filter hybridization.	1993	7504431
simple purification method for a vibrio vulnificus hemolysin by a hydrophobic column chromatography in the presence of a detergent.	a vibrio vulnificus hemolysin (vvh) was purified by two steps of hydrophobic column chromatography on phenyl-sepharose hp. the first chromatography was carried out at ph 6.0. in this ph condition, vvh efficiently bound to the column, but the hemolysin fraction eluted was accompanied with colored substance(s). to eliminate this colored substance, the second chromatography was carried out at ph 9.8 in the presence of 1% 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (chaps), a zwitteri ...	1993	8133803
cloning and genetic analysis of the vibrio vulnificus fur gene and construction of a fur mutant by in vivo marker exchange.	vibrio vulnificus infections have been associated with iron overload and preexisting liver disease. iron may play a major role in the pathogenesis of v. vulnificus infections. many virulence genes, as well as genes involved in the transport of iron by bacteria, are regulated by iron, with increased expression under low-iron conditions. in escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae, transcriptional regulation by iron depends on the fur gene. we utilized southern hybridization under low- and high-string ...	1993	7678593
chemical modification of vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease with activated polyethylene glycol.	vibrio vulnificus, an opportunistic human pathogen causing septicemia, produces a metalloprotease which is suspected to be a virulence determinant, but which is labile in vivo due to inactivation by alpha-macroglobulin. to obtain a derivative which is stable in vivo, the metalloprotease was modified with activated monomethoxy polyethylene glycol. the modified protease retained full activity to a peptide substrate and 10-20% activity to protein substrates, and was resistant to entrapment by alpha ...	1993	7682528
effects of physicochemical factors and bacterial colony morphotype on association of vibrio vulnificus with hemocytes of crassostrea virginica.	vibrio vulnificus is a naturally occurring marine bacterium that causes invasive disease of immunocompromised humans following the consumption of raw oysters. it is a component of the natural microbiota of gulf coast estuaries and has been found to inhabit tissues of oysters, crassostrea virginica (gmelin 1791). the interaction of v. vulnificus with oyster host defenses has not been reported in detail. we examined the interaction of v. vulnificus with phagocytic oyster hemocytes as a function of ...	1993	16348903
the initial management of simple febrile seizures.		1993	280803
the effects of mandatory quality assurance: a review of hospital medical audit processes.	a study of 17 hospitals in the greater delaware valley region was undertaken in order to determine if those hospitals which had participated in an early voluntary effort to initiate medical audit differed qualitatively or quantitatively from a matched group of hospitals which had not participated in the previous project. the study also provided the opportunity to analyze the current status of medical audit in a group of hospitals which varied significantly in size, location, and educational resp ...	1993	280742
[clinically presumptive toxicity of various ear-drops].		1993	202140
letter: small intestinal mucosa in cow's milk allergy.		1993	47010
postsynaptic effects of a multiaction giant interneurone on identified snail neurones.		1993	196209
action of ethyl and methyl methane sulfonates on dna injection and genetic recombination in t7 bacteriophage.	after treatment with methyl or ethyl methane sulfonate, t7 amber mutants display a reduced capacity for recombination. moreover, alkylation reduces recombination frequency involving markers on the right-hand side of the genetic map more than it reduces recombination frequency involving markers on the left-hand side. we interpret this to mean that alkylation can stop dna injection at any point along the dna molecule, and that t7 phage injects its dna in a unique fashion starting from the end carr ...	1992	183007
tuberculous meningitis. 23 cases from a 12-year period (1976-1987).	twenty-three patients with tuberculous meningitis were reviewed to see whether clinical features or initial laboratory findings could discriminate between these patients and other patients with bacterial meningitis. nineteen patients were danes and four immigrants. preexisting diseases were found in eight cases. duration of symptoms could be related to neurological sequelae, but not to death. the initial clinical picture was indistinguishable from meningitis of other causes. microscopy of the ce ...	1992	2272213
are you working too hard?		1992	257127
juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. a report of seven cases.	seven cases of biopsy-proved juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma are presented. all patients were males. examination under anesthesia and tomography and angiography were very rewarding in determining the full extent of tumor. selective carotid angiography revealed a characteristic early arterial phase with reticulated vessels, and a homogeneous blush continuing into the venous phase without early draining veins. the tumor has a strong predilection for young males. chromosomal studies and estima ...	1992	205902
regeneration of an adult peripheral nerve preparation in culture.	the methods used to maintain the vagus nerve from the adult rat in culture and how regeneration is studied in this preparation are described. a hypothesis is presented on the triggering of the cell body reaction. it is suggested that this reaction is initiated by proteins synthesized in nonneuronal cells at the site of a nerve lesion. these proteins, referred to as regenerins, reach the nerve cell body by retrograde axonal transport, where they initiate the regeneration process.	1992	1282333
electrophoretic analysis of heterogeneous lipopolysaccharides from various strains of vibrio vulnificus biotypes 1 and 2 by silver staining and immunoblotting.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) of 11 strains of vibrio vulnificus biotypes 1 and 2, isolated from an eel farm, and of 10 reference strains, were examined by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis coupled with silver staining and immunoblotting. lps samples were obtained from whole-cell lysates, outer membrane fragments, and extracellular products. by silver staining, only a diffuse band of low-molecular weight could be visualized in all cases except for a biotype 1 strain isolated from water. however ...	1992	1283727
reversal of hypotension induced by vibrio vulnificus lipopolysaccharide in the rat by inhibition of nitric oxide synthase.	intravenous infusion of vibrio vulnificus lipopolysaccharide (lps) (1 mg/kg body wt) in rats caused a dramatic drop in mean arterial pressure within 10 min and a further decline in mean arterial pressure and heart rate which lead to death between 25 and 70 min. rats treated with lps followed 10 min later by the intravenous infusion of ng-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-nmma, 20 mg/kg body wt) showed an initial drop in mean arterial pressure owing to the lps infusion, followed by a transient rise in mea ...	1992	1284317
aspergillus flavus wound infection following repair of a ruptured duodenum in a non-immunocompromised host.	aspergillus flavus is generally considered to be an opportunistic organism, rarely causing clinical infections in the immunocompetent host. we present a case of a 79-year-old man without history of immunocompromise who developed a severe aspergillus wound infection in an open wound following repair of a traumatic duodenal perforation. despite aggressive treatment, this invasive infection contributed significantly to his eventual demise.	1992	1287817
role of iron in the virulence of vibrio vulnificus isolated from cuddalore coastal waters (india).	v. vulnificus strains isolated from different sources of cuddalore coastal waters were tested for their virulence activity through their ld50 values in mice. as infections of v. vulnificus have been correlated with pre-existing liver disease and hemochromatosis, the role of iron on virulence was determined using. iron overloaded mice. the ld50 was in the range of 10(4)-10(7) cells in normal mice but 10(1)-10(2) cells in iron-injected mice, thus providing evidence that iron may play a major role ...	1992	1291464
expression and release of neuroregulators during development: monoamines and neuropeptides.	the turnover of catecholamines (ca) was determined in the adrenal medulla and brain of rat fetuses and pups. in general we found a considerable increase soon after birth. the expression of mrna for ca-synthesizing enzymes was also considerably enhanced in the adrenals shortly after birth. furthermore, we demonstrated increased expression of neuropeptides after birth, increased synthesis of mrna encoding for neuropeptide y in the adrenals 24 h after birth; and considerable activation of the subst ...	1992	1306802
inhibitory role of gamma-amino-butyric acid in the rabbit urinary bladder.	gamma-amino-butyric acid (gaba) is an established inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (cns) and it has also been identified in the bladder. we have investigated in the rabbit the effect of gaba on detrusor activity. rabbit detrusor muscle strips were made to contract by electrical stimulation of their autonomic nerves or by the addition of carbachol. the addition of gaba caused substantial inhibition of muscle contraction. gaba acts on 2 classes of receptors-gabaa and gabab ...	1992	1310630
a serosurvey of pathogens associated with shellfish: prevalence of antibodies to vibrio species and norwalk virus in the chesapeake bay region.	recent concerns regarding the safety of shellfish consumption have focused on the risk posed by naturally occurring marine bacteria such as vibrio species and by viruses such as norwalk and related agents. despite the widespread environmental presence of vibrio species in the chesapeake bay, the rate of reported infections remains low; there have also been no reports of major norwalk outbreaks associated with shellfish in this area. as infections with these agents may not always be recognized be ...	1992	1312771
kappa-opioid receptor stimulation abolishes mu- but not delta-mediated inhibitory control of spinal met-enkephalin release.	the possible opioid control through delta, mu and kappa receptors of the spinal release of met-enkephalin-like material (melm) was investigated in halothane-anaesthetized rats. the intrathecal perfusion of the delta agonist dtlet (10 microm) or the mu agonist dago (10 microm) resulted in a marked inhibition of melm release, which could be prevented by the selective antagonists naltrindole and naloxone, respectively. although the kappa agonist u 50488 h (10 microm) was inactive per se, it complet ...	1992	1317026
modulation of neutrophil functions by activated platelet release factors.	platelets activated with physiological agonists, such as thrombin, adp, or collagen, released products able to modulate neutrophil functions. in particular, platelet supernatant contained an inhibitor of superoxide anion generation induced by phorbol ester and a chemotactic factor for human neutrophils. the proteolytic digestion of platelet supernatant completely abrogated chemotactic activity without interfering with the inhibitory effect, indicating the presence of different molecules involved ...	1992	1317360
gap-43 mrna localization in the rat hippocampus ca3 field.	gene expression of the axonal growth-associated protein, gap-43, has been studied in the adult rat brain by in situ hybridization histochemistry. this protein is synthesized at high levels in neuronal somata in immature and regenerating neurons, but after establishment of mature synaptic relations its synthesis generally declines sharply, thus providing a marker denoting propensity for exhibiting synaptic plasticity. detailed examination of the distribution of mrna for gap-43 in rat hippocampus ...	1992	1317499
some biochemical changes in mouse after in-vivo irradiation of pancreas with ultrasound.	875 khz continuous wave of ultrasound at 2.5 w/cm2 intensity revealed certain biochemical and enzymological changes in mouse pancreas and liver following the irradiation of pancreas in-vivo for a total of 300 seconds spread over five days. the sacrifice of the animals was carried out on day 0, day 1, day 5 and day 10. blood glucose was reduced significantly with concomitant increase in liver glycogen. glucose-6-phosphatase in liver was decreased significantly while glycogen phosphorylase showed ...	1992	1319155
experience of six patients with vibrio vulnificus septicemia.	vibrio vulnificus, a halophilic lactose fermenting vibrio, is a virulent pathogen for men and is frequently associated with overwhelming infections of areas other than the gastrointestinal tract. we encountered six cases of vibrio vulnificus septicemia in veterans general hospital-taipei over the past four years. all were admitted through the emergency room and presented with urgent conditions on arrival. the patients also demonstrated preexisting liver function impairment (either hepatic diseas ...	1992	1320993
effects of temperature abuse on survival of vibrio vulnificus in oysters.	opaque and translucent morphotypes of a tnphoa-containing strain of vibrio vulnificus were fed to oysters, which were subsequently stored at temperatures ranging from 0.5 to 22 degrees c for 10 days. samples of oysters were homogenized and plated at intervals to determine the cell density of v. vulnificus and total aerobic population of bacteria present. at all temperatures, the numbers of v. vulnificus (both morphotypes) declined over the 10-day study period. the same observation was made with ...	1992	1332610
protein phosphatase 2a is a specific protamine-kinase-inactivating phosphatase.	purified preparations of a protamine protein kinase from bovine kidney cytosol [damuni, amick & sneed (1989) j. biol. chem. 264, 6412-6416] were inactivated after incubation with near-homogeneous preparations of protein phosphatase 2a1 and protein phosphatase 2a2. these protein phosphatase 2a-mediated inactivations of the protamine kinase were unaffected by highly purified preparations of inhibitor 2, but were prevented when the incubations were performed in the presence of 100 nm microcystin-lr ...	1992	1332680
primary structure and receptor-binding properties of a neurokinin a-related peptide from frog gut.	a tachykinin peptide was isolated from an extract of the intestine of the european green frog, rana ridibunda, and its primary structure was established as: his-lys-leu-asp-ser-phe-ile-gly-leu-met.conh2. this sequence was confirmed by chemical synthesis and shows two amino acid substitutions (leucine for threonine at position 3 and isoleucine for valine at position 7) compared with neurokinin a. binding parameters for synthetic [leu3,ile7]neurokinin a and mammalian tachykinins were compared usin ...	1992	1332683
neutrophil adherence to isolated adult cardiac myocytes. induction by cardiac lymph collected during ischemia and reperfusion.	canine neutrophils can be induced to adhere in vitro to isolated adult cardiac myocytes by stimulation of the neutrophils with chemotactic factors such as zymosan-activated serum (zas) only if the myocytes have been previously exposed to cytokines such as interleukin 1 (il-1) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. these cytokines induce synthesis and surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) on the myocyte, and neutrophil adhesion is almost entirely cd18 and icam-1 dependent. the ...	1992	1346618
mapping of the nu gene using congenic nude strains and in situ hybridization.	the chromosomal location of the nu gene, which is responsible for hairlessness and athymus, was determined using six dna markers (interleukin 3 [il-3], myhs, acrb, evi-2, mpo, and hox-2) on mouse chromosome 11. we constructed the high-resolution physical mapping of the six dna markers on chromosome 11 by in situ hybridization using fluorescence-labeled cosmid probes. the results indicate the order of centromere-(41cm)-il-3-(3cm)-myhs- (4cm)-acrb-(6cm)-evi-2-(3cm)-mpo-(5cm)- hox-2. we have used c ...	1992	1346798
fimbriation, capsulation, and iron-scavenging systems of klebsiella strains associated with human urinary tract infection.	thirty-two strains of klebsiella pneumoniae and seven strains of klebsiella oxytoca isolated from urinary tract infections in elderly adults were analyzed for capsular antigens, iron-scavenging systems, and fimbriation. all strains were capsulated. twenty-seven different k antigens were identified among the strains, with no particular antigen dominating. all strains produced the iron-scavenging system enterochelin as analyzed by bioassay and dna hybridization. in contrast, the aerobactin iron-se ...	1992	1347287
pregnancy after transfer of frozen-thawed human embryos.	cryopreservation of human embryos has been successfully applied in in vitro fertilization (ivf) and embryo transfer (et) programs at the national taiwan university hospital since 1988. our preliminary results with 120 frozen-thawed embryos in 31 transfer cycles showed that the survival rate of frozen embryos was 66%. following transfer, the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 6.5% and 13%, respectively. four clinical pregnancies and one preclinical pregnancy following a frozen-tha ...	1992	1360300
biochemical and functional characterization of the leucocyte tyrosine phosphatase cd45 (cd45ro, 180 kd) from human neutrophils. in vivo upregulation of cd45ro plasma membrane expression on patients undergoing haemodialysis.	the biochemical and functional characterization, and the regulation of plasma membrane expression of the leucocyte tyrosine phosphatase cd45, have been investigated in neutrophils from healthy donors and patients undergoing haemodialysis. cd45 proteins of 180 kd and 130-150 kd were precipitated from neutrophils from both healthy subjects and haemodialysed patients. prolonged storing, as well as trypsin treatment of samples containing the 180-kd cd45 protein, generated the 130-150-kd polypeptides ...	1992	1370931
towards a phylogeny of the genus vibrio based on 16s rrna sequences.	the inter- and intrageneric relationships of the genus vibrio were investigated by performing a comparative analysis of the 16s rrnas of 10 species, including four pathogenic representatives. the results of immunological and 5s rrna studies were confirmed in that the genus is a neighboring taxon of the family enterobacteriaceae. with regard to the intrageneric structure, vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio campbellii, vibrio natriegens, vibrio harveyi, vibrio proteolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and ...	1992	1371064
significant role of an exocellular protease in utilization of heme by vibrio vulnificus.	clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio vulnificus could grow in a synthetic medium supplemented with heme protein as the iron source. protease-deficient mutants of the bacterium could not utilize any of the heme proteins in the synthetic medium, but the addition of purified v. vulnificus protease restored their growth. the protease digested all heme proteins tested and elicited heme liberation from the proteins. furthermore, the induction of protease production by the heme proteins was de ...	1992	1373407
activation mechanism of human hageman factor-plasma kallikrein-kinin system by vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease.	vivrio vulnificus, an opportunistic human pathogen, secretes a metalloprotease (vvp). the vvp inoculated into a guinea pig is known to generate bradykinin through activation of the hageman factor-plasma kallikrein-kinin system. vvp was shown to possess the ability to activate the human system through the same mechanism as that clarified in the guinea pig system, namely, vvp converted both human zymogens (hageman factor and plasma prekallikrein) to active enzymes (activated hageman factor and pla ...	1992	1380471
disparate effects of calcium channel blockers on pressure dependence of renin secretion and flow in the isolated perfused rat kidney.	using the model of isolated perfused rat kidneys this study was performed to investigate whether or not voltage-operated calcium channels are essentially involved in the pressure control of renin secretion from the kidneys. at a perfusion pressure of 100 mm hg (13.3 kpa) renin secretory rates were 4.2 +/- 0.7 (ng angiotensin i h-1) min-1 g-1. stepwise reduction of renal perfusion pressure to 80, 60, and 40 mm hg (10.6, 8.0, 5.3 kpa) resulted in an increase of renin release yielding a 30-fold sti ...	1992	1382264
the distribution of uv damage in the laci gene of escherichia coli: correlation with mutation spectrum.	we have determined the uv (254 nm) damage distribution in the transcribed and non-transcribed strands of the i-d region of the escherichia coli laci gene. the locations of replication blocking lesions were revealed as termination sites of t7 dna polymerase and/or t4 dna polymerase 3'-5' exonuclease. termination products, i.e. both cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts, were resolved and analysed on an automated dna sequencer. these two major photoproducts are not randomly distribut ...	1992	1383713
suppression of the arthus reaction by y-24180, a potent and specific antagonist of platelet-activating factor.	a novel and potent antagonist of platelet-activating factor (paf), y-24180 (4-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[2-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-6,9-dimethyl-6h- thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4] diazepine) was investigated for the effects on the skin reactions induced by chemical mediators and the arthus reactions. in the rat dorsal skin, y-24180 (0.1-10 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited increase in vascular permeability by the intradermal paf injection in a dose dependent manner and the inhibitory activity was 60 tim ...	1992	1388318
characterization of a vibrio cholerae virulence factor homologous to the family of tonb-dependent proteins.	irga is an iron-regulated virulence factor for infection in an animal model with classical vibrio cholerae strain 0395. we detected gene sequences hybridizing to irga at high stringency in clinical isolates in addition to 0395, including another classical strain of v. cholerae, three v. cholerae strains of the el tor biotype, three non-o1 isolates of v. cholerae, and individual isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio fluvialis, and vibrio alginolyticus. no hybridization to irga was seen with ...	1992	1406279
[the incidence of abnormalities after flu epidemics].		1992	1413915
poly(adp-ribosyl)ation of chromatin in an in-vitro poly(adp-ribose)-turnover system.	this paper describes the effect of an in-vitro poly(adp-ribose) turnover system on the poly(adp-ribosyl)ation of chromatin. both poly(adp-ribose)polymerase and poly(adp-ribose)glycohydrolase were highly purified and used in 4 different turnover systems: non-turnover, slow, medium and fast turnover. these turnover systems were designed to reflect possible turnover conditions in intact cells. the major protein acceptors for poly(adp-ribose) are histones and the polymerase itself, a process referre ...	1992	1420323
the regulation of microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase differs between liver and kidney.		1992	1426558
seasonal incidence of vibrio vulnificus in the great bay estuary of new hampshire and maine.	vibrio vulnificus, a normal bacterial inhabitant of estuaries, is of concern because it can be a potent human pathogen, causing septicemia, wound infections, and gastrointestinal disease in susceptible hosts. from may 1989 through december 1990, oysters and/or water were obtained from six areas in the great bay estuary of new hampshire and maine. water was also sampled from three freshwater sites that lead into these areas. v. vulnificus was first detected in the estuary in early july and remain ...	1992	1444362
virulence characteristics of clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio vulnificus.	twenty-four randomly selected clinical and environmental vibrio vulnificus isolates were tested for virulence in iron-overloaded mice (250 mg of iron dextran per kg of body weight). the log10 50% lethal doses of 17 isolates were lower by greater than or equal to 3.5 log10 units in iron-overloaded mice than in control mice. these isolates were classified as virulent. the 50% lethal doses of these virulent isolates were also lower in mice that were immunosuppressed by treatment with cyclophosphami ...	1992	1444386
molecular correlates of physiological regulation in a p-type h(+)-atpase.		1992	1449060
circadian rhythm of covalent modifications in liver dna.	32p-postlabeling analysis recently revealed that in addition to 5-methylcytosine, mammalian dna contains covalently modified nucleotides of unknown structures and functions termed i-compounds whose levels increase with age. i-compound levels, in addition, depend on species, strain, sex, tissue, and diet and are generally lowered by carcinogen exposure. as shown here, levels of several non-polar i-compounds in liver dna of untreated male c3h mice were elevated 2 to 8.5 times at 1800 h and 2400 h ...	1992	1449504
use of tetracycline for treatment of vibrio vulnificus infections.		1992	1457657
low temperature induced non-culturability and killing of vibrio vulnificus.	vibrio vulnificus cells progressively lose culturability during incubation at 5 degrees c. this process is accelerated by the addition of supernatants from non-culturable cells obtained by incubation at 5 degrees c for 17 days. thus the organism apparently produces a factor upon cold incubation which is triggering or causing the decline in culturability. reversing the temperature shift can restore a culturable population comparable in numbers to the original population, but this process is large ...	1992	1478457
ultrastructural alterations of brain cortex in rat following intraperitoneal administration of mercuric chloride.	intraperitoneal administration of a single dose (6 mg/kg body weight) of mercuric chloride (hgcl2) results in ultrastructural changes in brain cortex of the rats. 18 hours after administration of hgcl2 the accumulation of dense deposits of mercury in nerve and glial cell cytoplasm was observed. the quantity of microglia in neuropil was also increased in this experimental group. we postulate that these cerebral macrophages can play an important role in the process of intoxication, too. 5 days aft ...	1992	1479187
analysis of the glucose transporter content of islet cell lines: implications for glucose-stimulated insulin release.	glucose transport across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells is mediated by a family of homologous proteins. each glucose transporter isoform has a specific tissue distribution which relates to that tissue's demand for glucose. the beta-cells of pancreatic islets are known to express a distinct glucose transporter isoform, termed glut 2, which has a high km for glucose. in this study, we examined the glucose transporter content of normal rat islets and three beta cell lines, beta-tc, hit and ...	1992	1489658
vibrio vulnificus infection in taiwan: report of 28 cases and review of clinical manifestations and treatment.	from may 1985 through july 1990, 28 episodes of vibrio vulnificus infection in 27 patients were encountered in five major hospitals in taiwan. the ages of patients ranged from 19 to 76 years; the ratio of male to female patients was 2:1. eighteen episodes manifested as bacteremia and eight as wound infections alone. one patient each developed gastroenteritis and pneumonia after nearly drowning. twenty-three patients exhibited skin manifestations. twenty patients had underlying diseases. all pati ...	1992	1520762
purification and determination of the structure of capsular polysaccharide of vibrio vulnificus m06-24.	virulence of vibrio vulnificus has been strongly associated with encapsulation and an opaque colony morphology. capsular polysaccharide was purified from a whole-cell, phosphate-buffered saline-extracted preparation of the opaque, virulent phase of v. vulnificus m06-24 (m06-24/o) by dialysis, centrifugation, enzymatic digestion, and phenol-chloroform extraction. nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of the purified polysaccharide showed that the polymer was composed of a repeating st ...	1992	1556081
the vegetalizing factor. a member of the evolutionarily highly conserved activin family.	the mesoderm and endoderm inducing vegetalizing factor was partially sequenced after brcn cleavage. a sequence which is highly conserved in activin a near the c-terminal end was identified. this shows that the factor belongs to the activin family. the activins are not confined to embryos and gonads, but widely distributed in other tissues like calf kidney and calf liver. functional aspects are discussed.	1992	1563511
influence of phenoxymethylpenicillin on the vaginal ecosystem.	the effects of phenoxymethylpenicillin on the bacterial flora of the vagina were investigated in 6 women who fulfilled the criteria of 'normality': predominance of lactobacilli, and absence of enterobacteriaceae and fungi. fourteen healthy women were enrolled and followed longitudinally; 8 of these were subsequently excluded because of divergence from normality. following penicillin treatment, gram-negative rods appeared in 4 of the remaining 6 women, and in 1 subject heavy growth of candida alb ...	1992	1563656
vibrio vulnificus infection and iron overload.		1992	1580901
pontine glioma extending to the ipsilateral cavernous sinus and meckel's cave: mr appearance.	the authors describe an exophytic glioma of the pons that grew into the meckel's cave and cavernous sinus in a 75-year-old man. pontine gliomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of a hyperintense, complex cystic mass seen along the distribution of cranial nerve v.	1992	1595473
analysis of some virulence factors of vibrio vulnificus isolated from rio de janeiro, brazil.	twenty strains of v. vulnificus isolated from the environment were investigated for characteristics related to their infectivity such as colonial morphology, enzymatic activity and animal assays. the presence of dnase, chitinase, amylase, lecithinase and gelatinase was observed in 100% of the strains, haemolytic activity was absent, and variable results were obtained in elastase, collagenase and chondroitinase. in the animal assays, 70% of the strains were lethal to adult mice, while 45% caused ...	1992	1601080
infection by an indole-negative variant of vibrio vulnificus transmitted by eels.		1992	1607700
use of colistin-polymyxin b-cellobiose agar for isolation of vibrio vulnificus from the environment.	colistin-polymyxin b-cellobiose agar was employed for the isolation of vibrio vulnificus from shellfish. isolates were examined phenotypically and with a gene probe and monoclonal antibody specific for v. vulnificus. results indicated that colistin-polymyxin b-cellobiose agar is superior to both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polymyxin b-sucrose agar and thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar in its ability to select and differentiate this species from background vibrios.	1992	1610197
glycosaminoglycan patterns in gingival proteoglycans of rat with age.	among the potential biochemical indices that are closely associated with craniofacial development are the proteoglycans. gingival segments from the palate of 4-, 6-, 8-, 12- and 18-week-old rats were incubated for 4 h in medium containing [3h]-glucosamine and [35s]-na2so4, and subjected to proteoglycan isolation and glycosaminoglycan analysis. two distinct proteoglycan fractions differing in the degree of sulphation were obtained by ion-exchange chromatography. the incorporation of both labels i ...	1992	1610301
persistence of vibrio vulnificus in tissues of gulf coast oysters, crassostrea virginica, exposed to seawater disinfected with uv light.	vibrio vulnificus is an estuarine bacterium which can cause opportunistic infections in humans consuming raw gulf coast oysters, crassostrea virginica. although v. vulnificus is known as a ubiquitous organism in the gulf of mexico, its ecological relationship with c. virginica has not been adequately defined. the objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that v. vulnificus is a persistent microbial flora of oysters and unamenable to traditional methods of controlled purification, ...	1992	1622218
influence of a menhaden oil diet on cercarial penetration of schistosoma mansoni.	the ability of a menhaden oil (mo) diet to influence cercarial penetration into mouse tail skin was evaluated. male cd-1 mice 4-6 wk old (15.2 g average weight) were fed a 0, 10%, or 20% mo-supplemented diet for 2 wk. after this time mice were infected with either 65 +/- 3 or 145 +/- 3 [35s]methionine/cysteine-labeled cercariae for 1 hr by tail immersion. twenty-four hours and 7 days later groups of mice were killed and their tail skin removed and autoradiographed. at 24 hr postinfection, mice f ...	1992	1635035
a fatal case of vibrio vulnificus septicemia.	a fatal case of vibrio vulnificus septicemia in a 60 yr old man is described. this man displayed many of the classical features seen in fulminant infections with this organism. the epidemiology of v. vulnificus infections is discussed in this report.	1992	1641257
regulation of the mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) binding site in cultured mammary tissue.	the mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) initiates infection when the envelope protein, gp52, binds to a cell surface protein and triggers internalization. the hormonal regulation of this protein was studied both in vitro and in vivo. in mammary gland explant culture, levels of the mmtv binding protein were maintained only when prolactin was present in the medium. the further addition of progesterone induced levels to 164% of controls, while estradiol was without effect. these results were reproduce ...	1991	1665450
isolation and characterization of carotenoid hyperproducing mutants of yeast by flow cytometry and cell sorting.	the carotenoid pigment astaxanthin (3,3'-dihydroxy-beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione) is an important component in feeds of aquacultural animals. it is produced as a secondary metabolite by the yeast phaffia rhodozyma, and the isolation of rare mutants that produce increased quantities is limited by the lack of genetic selections. as a model system for enriching mutants increased in production of secondary metabolites, we have used quantitative flow cytometry/cell sorting (fccs) to isolate astaxanth ...	1991	1367215
targeting of gene expression to skeletal and cardiac muscle of trangenic animals.	the tissue restricted and developmental potentiation of transcription by chicken alpha-skeletal actin promoter regions fused to the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) were characterized in transgenic mice. six of eight expressing transgenic mouse lines containing the chicken alpha-skeletal actin promoter fused to cat resulted in preferential transgene transcription in skeletal muscle tissue, similar to the endogenous mouse alpha-skeletal actin gene. two of the eight lines dep ...	1991	1367249
phrenic motoneuron morphology in the neonatal rat.	the morphology of neonatal rat phrenic motoneurons was studied following retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase, which resulted in golgi-like fills of phrenic motoneuron somata and dendrites. at birth, these neurons have well-developed dendritic trees with many characteristics described for phrenic motoneurons in the adult rat. the dendrites form tightly fasciculated bundles that emerge from the phrenic nucleus primarily along four axes: ventromedial, ventrolateral, dorsolateral, and ro ...	1991	1716267
alpha-macroglobulin-like plasma inactivator for vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease.	the metalloprotease produced by vibrio vulnificus (vvp) is known to be quickly inactivated by plasma proteins which belong to the class of alpha-macroglobulins in vitro at a molar ratio of 1:1. but the in vivo potential of the inactivators has not been studied. macroalbumin (ma), a member of alpha-macroglobulins in guinea pig plasma, was found to inactivate vvp by means of physical entrapment in vitro. in vivo actions of vvp, permeability-enhancing and hemorrhagic actions, were greatly augmented ...	1991	1723411