Publications

[infection by vibrio vulnificus after a prick from from the spine of a tilapia].	vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative bacterium living in warm salty water that produces a spectrum of human disease which may progress to devastating, sometimes fatal infections in susceptible individuals. such infections have rarely been reported in israel. however, over the past few months we have been seeing a sharp increase in v. vulnificus infections with a common history of injury to extremities by the sharp spines of tilapia zillii, ("amnon" or st. peter's fish). clinical suspicion and pr ...	1997	9418316
[provisional crowns and bridges].		1997	3250891
clinical conditions associated with urinary excretion of 2-hydroxybutyric acid.	urine and blood samples from patients with different clinical disorders were examined for 2-hydroxybutyric acid (2-hb) by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. all patients with combined lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis excreted 2-hb in the urine, in amounts up to 2.3 mmol/mmol creatinine. in blood from these patients, 2-hb was present only in trace amounts. hard physical exercise resulted in lactic acidosis and accumulation of 2-hb. the lactate to pyruvate ratio in blood and urine was marke ...	1997	168632
blind oral intubation: the development and efficacy of a new approach.	to develop an approach to blind oral intubation. with the aid of a fiberoptic laryngoscope and stylet within an endotracheal tube, a video camera, a monitor, and a recorder to correlate the effects of various manipulations of the airway on access to the trachea, a suitable approach was devised. we then evaluated its efficacy.	1997	1389195
reversible dissociation of a carbamoyl phosphate synthase-aspartate transcarbamoylase-dihydroorotase complex from ovarian eggs of rana catesbeiana: effect of uridine triphosphate and other modifiers.	glutamine-dependent carbanoyl phosphate synthase [atp6carbamate phosphotransgerase (dephosphorylating), ec 2.7.2.9], aspartate transcarbamoylase (carbamoylphosphate: l-aspartate carbamoyltransferase, ec 2.1.3.2) and dihydroorotase (l-5,6-dihydroorotate amidohydrolase, ec 3.5.2.3), are copurified as a high-molicular-weight complex from extracts of unfertilized eggs of rana catesbeiana. utp is required to maintain the integrity of the complex during the last two purification steps. removal of the ...	1997	168571
primary eruption of psoriasis in a donor site of a split-skin graft.		1997	2808809
normal and abnormal energy metabolism of the inner ear.		1997	168542
conformational flexibility in physiologically active amines.		1997	168441
a clinicopathological study of loop recession in strabismus.	this communication reports the histological structure of loop recessions of extraocular muscles from seven patients. in all cases the loops formed pseudotendons in which the typical histological structure was well established by four months. subsequently, moulding of these pseudotendons occurred with improved alignment of collagen and decrease in vascularity. by three and a half years after the operation the pseudotendon had acquired a very close resemblance to true tendon.	1997	1389128
perfusion of the placenta in vitro.		1997	168461
does vibrio vulnificus present a health threat to canadians?	to review recent data on vibrio vulnificus and its properties, characteristics of disease and epidemiology, sources of infection, population at risk, infectious dose, documented cases of infection and health risk from v vulnificus infection in canada.	1997	22346524
oncogenesis and other late effects of cancer treatment in children.	review of hospital charts of 168 patients surviving two or more years following the diagnosis of cancer and subsequent-examinations of 40 of these patients yielded these observations: (a) hospital charts were adequate to ascertain the number of second primary neoplasms. three malignant and eight benign tumors were found, an incidence of 6.5%. (b) the three patients with second malignant neoplasms did not receive chemotherapy and two of three were treated with radiation. (c) abnormalities other t ...	1996	174150
the role of sv40 viral genes in cellular transformation.		1996	174159
serum levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone in hyperlipoproteinemia.	similar serum lipoprotein abnormalities have been demonstrated in hyperlipoproteinemia type iii and hypothyroidism. in this study the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone in serum were determined in clinically euthyroid patients with different types of hyperlipoproteinemias and in subjects with a normal lipoprotein pattern. the mean value for thyroid-stimulating hormone was significantly higher in the group with hyperlipoproteinemia type iii than in normal controls (p smaller than 0.01) and in ...	1996	168013
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia due to adenocarcinoma of the stomach.		1996	174059
biochemical studies on myelin isolated from the brains of patients with down's syndrome.	amyelination has been deduced from the data on chemical studies of myelin isolated from the brains of down's syndrome. the lack of cholesterol and much reduced phosphohydrolase activity in mongol myelin possibly suggest a fault in the structure of myelin.	1996	167905
from the centers for disease control and prevention. vibrio vulnificus infections associated with eating raw oysters--los angeles, 1996.		1996	8805714
necrotizing fasciitis of the foot caused by an unusual organism, vibrio vulnificus.	in modern medicine, there are very few infectious disease processes occurring in the foot that can cause death within 48 hr. and have an overall mortality rate of 50% despite appropriate antibiotic and surgical treatment. such a condition must be regarded as being potentially deadly. the authors report a case of necrotizing fasciitis of the left foot resulting from an unusual organism of vibrio vulnificus.	1996	8807481
vibrio vulnificus, an emerging human pathogen.		1996	8837388
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and ribotype profiles of clinical and environmental vibrio vulnificus isolates.	vibrio vulnificus belongs to the autochthonous bacterial flora of warm estuarine waters. it can cause life-threatening extraintestinal disease in persons who have underlying illness and who consume raw shellfish or contact wounds with estuarine water. currently, very little is known about genetic diversity within this species. in this report, we describe high-level variation in restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles among 53 clinical and 78 environmental isolates, as determined by pul ...	1996	8837412
offshore suspension relaying to reduce levels of vibrio vulnificus in oysters (crassostrea virginica).	oysters naturally contaminated with 10(3) to 10(4) most probable numbers (mpn) of vibrio vulnificus per g were relayed to offshore waters (salinity, 30 to 34 ppt), where they were suspended in racks at a depth of 7.6 m. v. vulnificus counts in oysters were reduced to < 10 mpn/g within 7 to 17 days in five of the six studies. at the end of the studies (17 to 49 days), v. vulnificus levels were reduced further and ranged from a mean of 0.23 to 2.6 mpn/g. oyster mortalities during relaying were < 6 ...	1996	8837445
primary skin infections secondary to vibrio vulnificus: the role of operative intervention.	vibrio vulnificus can cause rapidly spreading skin and soft tissue infections with significant associated morbidity and mortality. patients with underlying chronic illness, such as cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, or immunosuppression, have been noted to be at high risk for rapid progression of this infection. the importance of early antibiotic therapy has been reported but the role of operative intervention in these patients is less clear.	1996	8843261
effect of diluents on the enumeration of vibrio vulnificus.	peptone (0.1%) solution containing 3% nacl (ps) was a more suitable diluent than phosphate buffered saline (pbs) solution for the enumeration of vibrio vulnificus in both broth cultures and oyster homogenates. pbs caused significant underestimation of the viable population of the species by plate counts on either selective or non-selective media. dilution in ps is recommended in methods for the enumeration of v. vulnificus.	1996	8854190
a review of vibrio vulnificus infections related to eating raw oysters, including three cases in arkansas residents.		1996	8867240
involvement of vulnibactin and exocellular protease in utilization of transferrin- and lactoferrin-bound iron by vibrio vulnificus.	in vitro growth experiments were conducted to evaluate the ability of vulnibactin, a siderophore produced by vibrio vulnificus, to sequester transferrin- or lactoferrin bound iron for growth. comparative studies with the strain producing vulnibactin and its exocellular protease-deficient mutant revealed the involvement of the protease in addition to vulnibactin in effective utilization of iron ion (fe3+) bound to transferrin and lactoferrin. it appears that the protease causes cleavage of these ...	1996	8887355
detection of vibrio vulnificus biotypes 1 and 2 in eels and oysters by pcr amplification.	dna extraction procedures and pcr conditions to detect vibrio vulnificus cells naturally occurring in oysters were developed. in addition, pcr amplification of v. vulnificus from oysters seeded with biotype 1 cells was demonstrated. by the methods described, v. vulnificus cells on a medium (colistin-polymyxin b-cellobiose agar) selective for this pathogen were detectable in oysters harvested in january and march, containing no culturable cells (< 67 cfu/g), as well as in oysters harvested in may ...	1996	8919800
vibrio vulnificus biotype 2, pathogenic for eels, is also an opportunistic pathogen for humans.	we report that the eel pathogen vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 is also an opportunistic pathogen for humans. results from a detailed comparative study using reference strains of both biotypes revealed that the clinical strain atcc 33817, originally isolated from a human leg wound and classified as v. vulnificus (no reference on its biotype is noted), belongs to biotype 2 of the species. as a biotype 2 strain, it is negative for indole and pathogenic for eels and mice, harbors two plasmids of high m ...	1996	8919812
stress resistance and recovery potential of culturable and viable but nonculturable cells of vibrio vulnificus.	the estuarine, human-pathogenic bacterium vibrio vulnificus responds to low temperature by the formation of viable but nonculturable (vbnc) cells, while starvation at moderate temperatures allows for maintenance of culturability of this organism. recovery of cold-incubated populations of v. vulnificus was restricted to the culturable fraction in slide cultures and most probable number assays. these populations, however, gave between 1.1- and 8-fold higher c.f.u. counts on soft agar plates than o ...	1996	8936311
comparison of a commercial biochemical kit and an oligonucleotide probe for identification of environmental isolates of vibrio vulnificus.	methods for the identification and isolation of environmental isolates of vibrio vulnificus were evaluated. alkaline peptone water supplemented with polymyxin b and colistin-polymyxin b-cellobiose agar were employed for the isolation of suspected v. vulnificus from water, sediment and shellfish samples. when comparing the identification of putative v. vulnificus obtained with the api 20e assay and an oligonucleotide probe, 29 api 20e profiles were obtained with only four profiles (representing 2 ...	1996	8936379
overwhelming sepsis with vibrio vulnificus: a coastal pathogen in oklahoma.	vibrio vulnificus has been associated with three main clinical syndromes; primary septicemia; wound infection, and gastroenteritis. this organism has increased virulence for persons with underlying medical conditions that predispose to iron overload or an impaired immune system. since the organism proliferates more readily in warm, coastal waters, such infections are more commonly found in those regions. infection can result from the ingestion of contaminated, undercooked seafood; contact of a w ...	1996	8936853
vibrio vulnificus infections associated with eating raw oysters--los angeles, 1996.	of all foodborne infectious diseases, infection with vibrio vulnificus is one of the most severe; the case-fatality rate for v. vulnificus septicemia exceeds 50%. in immunocompromised hosts v. vulnificus infection can cause fever, nausea, myalgia, and abdominal cramps 24-48 hours after eating contaminated food; because the organism can cross the intestinal mucosa rapidly, sepsis and cutaneous bullae can occur within 36 hours of the initial onset of symptoms. cases are most commonly reported duri ...	1996	8965788
phenotypic characterization of vibrio vulnificus biotype 2, a lipopolysaccharide-based homogeneous o serogroup within vibrio vulnificus.	in this study, we have reevaluated the taxonomic position of biotype 2 of vibrio vulnificus. for this purpose, we have biochemically and serologically characterized 83 biotype 2 strains from diseased eels, comparing them with 17 biotype 1 strains from different sources. selected strains were also molecularly analyzed and tested for eel and mouse pathogenicity. results have shown that biotype 2 (i) is biochemically homogeneous, indole production being the main trait that distinguishes it from bio ...	1996	8975619
siderophore-mediated iron acquisition mechanisms in vibrio vulnificus biotype 2.	vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 is a primary pathogen for eels and, as has recently been suggested, an opportunistic pathogen for humans. in this study we have investigated the ability of v. vulnificus biotype 2 to obtain iron by siderophore-mediated mechanisms and evaluated the importance of free iron in vibriosis. the virulence degree for eels was dependent on iron availability from host fluids, as was revealed by a reduction in the 50% lethal dose for iron-overloaded eels. this biotype produced b ...	1996	8975620
cloning and nucleotide sequencing of the protease gene of vibrio vulnificus.	the gene (vvp) encoding a thermolabile protease of vibrio vulnificus was cloned and sequenced. the transcription start point was also determined by primer extension. the product of this gene is very likely the secretory neutral metalloprotease that has been purified and characterized previously.	1996	8996115
[bacteremia caused by vibrio vulnificus in a patient with a skin ulcer exposed to sea water].		1996	9011219
effect of low temperature on starvation-survival of the eel pathogen vibrio vulnificus biotype 2.	at present, no reports exist on the isolation of the eel pathogen vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 from water samples. nevertheless, it has recently been demonstrated that this biotype can use water as a route of infection. in the present study, the survival of this pathogen in artificial seawater (asw) microcosms at different temperatures (25 and 5 degrees c) was investigated during a 50-day period, with biotype 1 as a control, v. vulnificus biotype 2 was able to survive in the culturable state in a ...	1996	8593047
distribution of vibrio vulnificus in the chesapeake bay.	vibrio vulnificus is a potentially lethal human pathogen capable of producing septicemia in susceptible persons. disease is almost always associated with consumption of seafood, particularly raw oysters, or with exposure of wounds to seawater. an oligonucleotide dna probe (v. vulnificus alkaline phosphatase-labeled dna probe [vvap]), previously shown to be highly specific for v. vulnificus, was used to enumerate this species in environmental samples collected from the chesapeake bay between apri ...	1996	8593075
the epidemiology of vibrio infections in florida, 1981-1993.	the epidemiology of 690 vibrio infections reported in florida during 1981-1993 is described. most infections resulted in one of three clinical syndromes: gastroenteritis (51%), wound infections (24%), or primary septicemia (17%). case-fatality rates were 1% for gastroenteritis, 5% for wound infections, and 44% for primary septicemia. while gastroenteritis had little seasonal variation, 91% of primary septicemias and 86% of wound infections occurred from april through october, mostly due to the s ...	1996	8627070
a role for tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the increased mortality associated with vibrio vulnificus infection in the presence of hepatic dysfunction.	the present study was designed to evaluate whether pre-existing hepatic dysfunction (cirrhosis) leads to increased morbidity and mortality, in part through an inappropriate in vivo tumor necrosis factor-alpha response.	1996	8633922
preclinical immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic efficacy of antisera to capsular polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccines of vibrio vulnificus.	vibrio vulnificus is an oyster-associated bacterial pathogen that causes life-threatening fulminating septicemia and necrotizing wound infections in humans. the capsular polysaccharide of v. vulnificus (vvps) is critical for virulence. previously we showed that active immunization of mice with a vvps-tetanus toxoid (vvps-tta) conjugate vaccine conferred significantly higher protection against subsequent lethal challenge than immunization with vvps alone. in the current study, we examined the uti ...	1996	8675330
role of catechol siderophore synthesis in vibrio vulnificus virulence.	we isolated a vibrio vulnificus tnphoa mutant that was unable to produce catechol siderophores or to acquire iron from transferrin. this mutant showed reduced virulence in an infant mouse model. the tnphoa insertion was in an open reading frame designated venb. the venb gene cloned on a plasmid restored catechol production to the mutant. the deduced amino acid sequence of venb is 41% identical to the enzyme isochorismatase of escherichia coli (entb), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the ...	1996	8698519
pulmonary damage by vibrio vulnificus cytolysin.	vibrio vulnificus is an estuarine bacterium that causes septicemia and serious wound infection. cytolysin produced by v. vulnificus has been incriminated as one of the important virulence determinants of bacterial infection. cytolysin (8 hemolytic units) given intravenously to mice via their tail veins caused severe hemoconcentration and lethality. cytolysin treatment greatly increased pulmonary wet weight and vascular permeability as measured by (125)i-labeled albumin leakage without affecting ...	1996	8698528
vibrio vulnificus hemolysin dilates rat thoracic aorta by activating guanylate cyclase.	hemolysin produced by vibrio vulnificus caused hypotension and tachycardia in rats and dilated rat thoracic aorta. hemolysin-induced vasodilatation of the aorta was not affected by n omega-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester and aminoguanidine, no synthase inhibitors, whereas the vasodilatation was inhibited by ly 83,583, a guanylate cyclase inhibitor. hemolysin elevated cgmp levels, and the elevation was abolished by ly 83,583. these results suggest that v. vulnificus hemolysin activates guanylate cy ...	1996	8699927
utilization of hemin and hemoglobin by vibrio vulnificus biotype 2.	the eel pathogen vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 is able to use hemoglobin (hb) and hemin (hm) to reverse iron limitation. in this stud, the adjuvant effect of both compounds on eel pathogenicity has been evaluated and confirmed. further, we have studied the heme-iron acquisition mechanism displayed by this bacterium. whole cells were capable of binding hb and hm, independently of (i) iron levels in growth medium and (ii) the presence of polysaccharide capsules on bacterial surface. the hb- and hm-b ...	1996	8702273
antibodies that react with the capsular polysaccharide of vibrio vulnificus are detectable in infected patients, and in persons without known exposure to the organism.	in serious infections with vibrio vulnificus, igg antibodies to the capsular polysaccharide of the infecting strain were demonstrable in patient serum. it was not possible to show that persons with probable increased exposure to v. vulnificus (shellfish industry workers) had increased levels of antibodies to any one of three capsular types tested when compared with persons who would be expected to have had minimal exposure to the organism (seventh day adventists). antibodies that reacted with th ...	1996	8724403
clinical manifestations and molecular epidemiology of vibrio vulnificus infections in denmark.	the clinical manifestations of and epidemiological data from 11 patients infected with vibrio vulnificus admitted to danish hospitals during the unusually warm summer of 1994 are reported. all patients contracted the disease after exposure to seawater; however, none had consumed seafood. four patients developed bacteremia, one of whom subsequently died; nine patients, including the four with bacteremia, exhibited skin manifestations. four patients contracted the disease while fishing; in at leas ...	1996	8740858
analysis of starvation conditions that allow for prolonged culturability of vibrio vulnificus at low temperature.	the response of the estuarine human pathogen vibrio vulnificus to starvation for carbon, nitrogen or phosphorus, or all three nutrients simultaneously (multiple-nutrient), was examined with respect to the maintenance of culturability during incubation at low temperature. v. vulnificus showed similar survival patterns during starvation for the individual nutrients when kept at 24 degrees c. on the other hand, cultures prestarved at 24 degrees c and then shifted to 5 degrees c maintained culturabi ...	1996	8757732
[vibrio vulnificus infections in denmark during the summer of 1994].	the clinical manifestations and epidemiological data of 11 patients infected with vibrio vulnificus found in denmark during the unusually warm summer of 1994 are reported. all patients had been exposed to seawater prior to illness, but none had consumed seafood. nine patients, including four with bacteraemia, developed skin manifestations of various degrees of severity. one patient died of septic shock despite surgery and treatment with relevant antibiotics. four patients contracted the disease ...	1996	8757899
toxic and enzymatic activities of vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 with respect to host specificity.	in this work, the enzymatic activities of selected strains of biotypes 1 and 2 of vabrio vulnificus were analyzed by using conventional methods and the api zym system. the toxic activities of extracellular products (ecps) were further evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. the ecps of both biotypes (i) showed high-level hydrolytic activities, (ii) displayed cytotoxicity for fish cell lines, and (iii) were lethal for eels. exotoxins seem to be proteinaceous since heat treatment of ecp sam ...	1996	8779570
cytochemical colocalization and quantitation of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics in individual bacterial cells.	the widely accepted view that most bacterial species have yet to be cultivated in vitro has gained support from recent ribosomal dna-based environmental studies. to enable elucidation of the phenotypes of organisms recognized solely by molecular genetic techniques, we developed and evaluated cytochemical methods which colocalize phenotypic properties with in situ rrna probe hybridization signals. application of these methods to artificial mixtures of pseudomonas putida and escherichia coli or vi ...	1996	8787385
survey on the distribution of vibrionaceae at the seaport areas in taiwan, 1991-1994.	a monthly survey on the distribution of human-pathogenic vibrionaceae of the seawater from five principal harbors in taiwan was conducted by national quarantine service from july, 1991 to february, 1994. of the total 1,167 vibrionaceae isolates, strains of vibrio alginolyticus (449 strains) were the most frequently isolated, followed by vibrio parahaemolyticus (262) , aeromonas hydrophila (153), vibrio cholerae non-o1 (86), and vibrio vulnificus (67). none of vibrio cholerae o1 was isolated. the ...	1996	10592802
isolation and characterization of vibrio vulnificus inhabiting the marine environment of the southwestern area of taiwan.	vibrio vulnificus, a marine bacterium, is of concern in taiwan because it causes wound infections and sepsis with a high mortality rate every year. to examine for v. vulnificus, 13 samples of seawater or oysters were collected from nine sites in yunlin, chiayi, and tainan. seventy-seven strains of v. vulnificus were isolated from 11 samples. among these environmental isolates, 72 (91%) were indole-positive, a characteristic of biotype 1. the remaining five strains although indole-negative, a cha ...	1995	11725076
actions of vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease on human plasma proteinase-proteinase inhibitor systems: a comparative study of native protease with its derivative modified by polyethylene glycol.	vibrio vulnificus, an opportunistic human pathogen causing wound infection and septicemia, produces a metalloprotease (vvp) which is suspected to be a virulent determinant. the interactions of vvp, as well as its derivative (peg1-vvp) modified with polyethylene glycol, with a variety of human plasma proteins were investigated. we found that native vvp and its derivative were able to act directly on many biologically important human plasma proteins even in the presence of alpha-macroglobulin, the ...	1995	8789055
the viable but non-culturable state in the human pathogen vibrio vulnificus.	vibrio vulnificus is a serious human pathogen, accounting for 95% of all seafood-related deaths in the united states. during the winter months, when coastal water temperatures drop below 10 degrees c, investigators have repeatedly reported their inability to isolate this estuarine bacterium from the environment. we now realize that this apparent 'die-off' is actually due to entry of the cells into a 'viable but non-culturable' state, a survival response to the low temperature stress. cells in th ...	1995	8522135
vibrio vulnificus sepsis manifesting as compartment syndrome.		1995	8536116
vibrio vulnificus skin lesion.		1995	8590525
differentiation of vibrio vulnificus strains by an arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction.	a synthetic 17 mer oligonucleotide (5'-gttgggtaacgccaggg-3') was used as a primer for the arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (ap-pcr) to differentiate various strains of vibrio vulnificus. a total of 37 genomic dnas that were extracted from the clinical and environmental strains were successfully differentiated. among them, 32 profiles of the 37 strains were characterized. none of the environmental and clinical strains had the same amplification profile, suggesting the highly heterogen ...	1995	9774986
ribotyping of clinical vibrio vulnificus isolates.	restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of rrna genes (ribotyping) was used to differentiate vibrio vulnificus isolates. among the 10 restriction enzymes tested, hindiii was shown to provide the most discriminatory patterns. stul was used for further analysis of strains that were indistinguishable with hindiii. thirteen clinical v. vulnificus strains were analyzed for their ribotypes with hindiii, as well as stul when necessary. four of the clinical strains were isolated from different ...	1995	9775004
septic shock due to vibrio vulnificus serogroup 04 wound infection acquired from the baltic sea.		1995	8654441
winner of the theodore e. woodward clinical award. monster of the chesapeake bay--vibrio vulnificus.		1995	7483178
lower extremity manifestations of vibrio vulnificus infection.	vibrio vulnificus is a potentially lethal marine bacterium that has not been previously described in podiatric literature. a review of the microorganism's characteristics, susceptible patient population, and lower extremity manifestations of infection is presented. v. vulnificus is found as part of the normal flora of the gulf of mexico, atlantic, and pacific coastal waters and is often isolated from the filter feeding shellfish of these regions. its pathogenicity is generally reserved for the i ...	1995	7488992
sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for vibrio vulnificus hemolysin to detect v. vulnificus in environmental specimens.	vibrio vulnificus hemolysin, purified by quantitative isoelectric focusing, was used to prepare rabbit and goat anti-hemolysin. the resulting antibodies were used as capture and detector antibody reagents in a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect v. vulnificus in environmental samples. by this technique, 4 laboratory-maintained v. vulnificus strains and 33 environmental v. vulnificus isolates were detected. also, the technique distinguished five other vibrio species from ...	1995	7574583
oxidative metabolism in nonculturable helicobacter pylori and vibrio vulnificus cells studied by substrate-enhanced tetrazolium reduction and digital image processing.	growing and nonculturable cells of helicobacter pylori and vibrio vulnificus were studied for the capacity to reduce tetrazolium salts in order to elucidate the possible physiological basis for the proposed "viable but nonculturable" (vnc) state. initial difficulties in obtaining consistent reduction of rho-iodonitrotetrazolium violet (int) by h. pylori led us to develop a method for studying the effect of adding exogenous substrates on these reactions. the established procedure provided a profi ...	1995	7574647
nested pcr method for rapid and sensitive detection of vibrio vulnificus in fish, sediments, and water.	a nested pcr for the detection of vibrio vulnificus in fish farms was developed as an alternative to cultural methods by using universal primers flanking the v. vulnificus-specific sequences directed against 23s rrna genes. this specific assay detected 10 fg of dna or 12 to 120 cells in artificially inoculated samples without enrichment and within 24 h.	1995	7574657
induction of cold-responsive proteins in vibrio vulnificus.	we have studied the response of vibrio vulnificus to temperature shifts (23 to 13 degrees c) within the organism's permissive growth range. cold shift induced a diminution in protein synthesis. following a short lag, cells began growth at a new rate. forty proteins were induced by this downshift.	1995	7608088
in vivo resuscitation, and virulence towards mice, of viable but nonculturable cells of vibrio vulnificus.	vibrio vulnificus is an estuarine bacterium responsible for 95% of all seafood-related deaths in the united states. the bacterium occurs naturally in molluscan shellfish, and ingestion of raw oysters is typically the source of human infection. v. vulnificus is also known to enter a viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state, wherein the cells are no longer culturable on routine plating media but can be shown to remain viable. whether or not this human pathogen remains virulent when entering the vbnc ...	1995	7618873
entry into, and resuscitation from, the viable but nonculturable state by vibrio vulnificus in an estuarine environment.	using plate counts, total cell counts, and direct viable counts, we examined the fate of cells of vibrio vulnificus placed into natural estuarine waters during both winter and summer months. cells inoculated into membrane diffusion chambers and placed into estuarine waters entered into a viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state in january and february, when the water temperatures were low (average, < 15 degrees c). in contrast, when cells in the vbnc state were placed into the same waters in the wa ...	1995	7618874
capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines of carbotype 1 vibrio vulnificus: construction, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in a murine model.	vibrio vulnificus causes septicemia and wound infections in immunocompromised humans. the capsular polysaccharide of vibrio vulnificus (vvps) is critical for virulence. we synthesized conjugate vaccines of carbotype 1 vvps under conditions and in formulations suitable for human use. purified vvps was conjugated to tetanus toxoid (tt) or to inactivated v. vulnificus cytolysin or elastase by two different schemes. all conjugates elicited elevated anticapsular immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm and ant ...	1995	7622211
vibrio vulnificus sepsis in solid organ transplantation: a medical nemesis.	we report two cases of vibrio vulnificus wound infection leading to fulminant sepsis syndrome in immunocompromised solid organ transplant recipients. features of clinical presentation in each of these cases suggest that host immune factors are of great importance in the virulence of this organism and that immunocompromised recipients of solid organ transplants are particularly vulnerable to life-threatening consequences from infection with vibrio vulnificus. prompt institution of antibiotic ther ...	1995	7654744
vibrio vulnificus wound infections from the mississippi gulf coastal waters: june to august 1993.	vibrio vulnificus, part of the normal marine flora of the gulf of mexico, is being increasingly recognized as an important human pathogen. v vulnificus contamination of superficial wounds can cause a severe, rapidly progressive, necrotizing cellulitis with bullous skin lesions that may require surgical debridement and is occasionally fatal. we summarize information about six cases of v vulnificus wound infection reported to the mississippi state department of health from june to august 1993. fiv ...	1995	7732441
possible interference of lactose-fermenting marine vibrios in coliform beta-d-galactosidase assays.	an investigation into possible interferences in beta-d-galactosidase-based assays for coliform bacteria in marine waters was carried out. a rapid instrumental fluorescence assay for beta-d-galactosidase activity, using 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-galactoside as a substrate, was used to investigate activities of this enzyme in non-coliform bacterial isolates from coastal waters. only 2% of isolates showed slight enzyme activity after a 1-h incubation period at 44.5 degrees c. at a lower incubatio ...	1995	7744725
[clinical bacteriological analysis of vibrio vulnificus infection--a report of five case].	clinical features in vibrio infection are generally represented by gastrointestinal involvements such as food poisoning, and its prognosis is usually good. however, vibrio vulnificus infection not uncommonly causes serious problems including sepsis, necrotizing fasciitis of the extremities, and other conditions, sometimes resulting in fatal outcome. in the present study, we analyzed clinical microbiological aspects of five cases with v. vulnificus infection. all the strains of v. vulnificus isol ...	1995	7745292
in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of vibrio vulnificus isolated in taiwan.		1995	7758487
[severe systemic infection with vibrio vulnificus].	infections with vibrio vulnificus are not common in denmark, but in 1994 several cases were identified, probably due to the very hot weather conditions, with seawater temperatures above 20 degrees c. two cases of infection with v. vulnificus are presented.	1995	7770985
isolation of bacteriophage infectious for vibrio vulnificus.	nine phage isolates infectious for vibrio vulnificus and falling into four morphological groups were isolated from estuarine waters collected in louisiana. of the 60 v. vulnificus strains tested, 87% were susceptible to one or more of the isolates. with the exception of v. fluvialis, vibrio species other than vulnificus were resistant to infection. a spectrum of enteric bacterial strains were similarly resistant. susceptibility differences were seen between opaque (virulent) v. vulnificus strain ...	1995	7773100
fatal vibrio parahemolyticus septicemia in a patient with cirrhosis. a case report and review of the literature.	vibrio parahemolyticus has been well documented to cause outbreaks of infectious diarrhea, usually related to poor food handling; only rarely has it been reported to cause fetal septicemia. in contrast, vibrio vulnificus is a well-known cause of septicemia, especially in patients with cirrhosis. a 31-year-old woman with cirrhosis who developed fatal v. parahemolyticus sepsis after ingesting raw seafood is described. we review the clinical syndromes associated with sepsis caused by these two orga ...	1995	7781443
first documented case of bacteremia with vibrio vulnificus in sweden.	a few days after a mild trauma to a toe, a 90-year-old woman presented with fever, malaise and cellulitis. on suspicion of erysipelas the patient was initially treated with benzylpenicillin and cefuroxime. her general condition improved rapidly, but there was local progression with numerous necrotic areas with surrounding bullae. vibrio vulnificus was isolated from the blood. after susceptibility testing, the patient was finally treated with ciprofloxacin and pivampicillin, and recovered slowly. ...	1995	7784822
evidence that water transmits vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 infections to eels.	vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 is classically considered an obligate eel pathogen. however, it has recently been associated with one human septicemic case. in this paper, the opportunistic behavior of this pathogen is discussed. the bacterium can survive alone in brackish water or attached to eel surfaces for at least 14 days. it is able to spread through water and infect healthy eels by using skin as a portal of entry. these results suggest that water and infected eels may act as reservoirs of inf ...	1995	7793914
multiple vibrio vulnificus strains in oysters as demonstrated by clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis.	clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis and a computer program for managing electrophoresis banding patterns (elbamap) were used to analyze genomic dna of 118 vibrio vulnificus strains, isolated from three oysters by direct plating. analysis with sfii resulted in 60 restriction endonuclease digestion profiles (redp), while analysis with srfi produced 53 different redp. similarities between redp ranged from 7 to 93%. principal-component analysis showed that the strains were heterog ...	1995	7793918
viability of vibrio vulnificus in association with hemocytes of the american oyster (crassostrea virginica).	certain indigenous estuarine bacteria, such as vibrio vulnificus, may cause opportunistic human infections after consumption of raw oysters or exposure of tissues to seawater. v. vulnificus is known to be closely associated with oyster (crassostrea virginica) tissues and is not removed by controlled purification methods, such as uv light-assisted depuration. in fact, when live shellfish are subjected to controlled purification, the number of v. vulnificus cells can markedly increase. a review of ...	1995	16534922
fda warning on raw oysters. food and drug administration.	the food and drug administration (fda) has issued a warning that persons with hiv or with liver disease, should avoid eating raw oysters because of the risk of infection with vibrio vulnificus bacteria. eating oysters from reputable sources does not eliminate the risk; only proper cooking kills the bacteria. more information can be obtained by calling the fda seafood hotline at (800)fda-4010.	1995	11362630
malignant acanthosis nigricans and its unusual association with carcinoma of the colon and carcinoma of the cervix.	malignant acanthosis nigricans is rarely associated with carcinoma of the bowel or cervix. however, this dermatosis is described in a case of adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon, and in another with carcinoma of the cervix.	1995	177146
[case of benign papillary hidradenoma].		1995	167534
sorption of carbon dioxide and ammonia by zeolites containing univalent and trivalent cations.		1995	167372
proceedings: gastric mucosal protein biosynthesis in relation of camp levels and adenylate cyclase activity.		1995	167305
contingent negative variation and reaction time of physically-trained subjects in simple and discriminative tasks.	contingent negative variations (cnv) were recorded during the s1-s2 interval of two simple and one discriminative task at fz, cz and pz of 12 physically-trained college athletes and 12 non-trained students. the reaction time to s2 was also measured. the whole mean cnv amplitude average over the 2 sec s1-s2 interval and the segmented cnv amplitudes of the 250 msec epochs were submitted to 4-way anova (physical training x task x electrode position x gender), while the mean reaction time was analyz ...	1995	2376531
time to cut for the stone.		1994	201838
regulation of gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis during rest and exercise in diabetic subjects and normal men.	the splanchnic-hepatic metabolism of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, alanine, glycerol, non-esterified fatty acids (nefa), ketone bodies and oxygen were investigated in five normal men and six juvenile diabetic subjects at rest and during exercise after an overnight fast. a linear relationship was found between load (arterial concentration multiplied by hepatic blood flow) and splanchnic-hepatic uptake of lactate, pyruvate, glycerol and nefa. the uptake of alanine was highly sensitive to load, but w ...	1994	201421
lymph node involvement by direct extension in adenoid cystic carcinoma. absence of classic embolic lymph node metastasis.	thirty-four cases of adenoid cyctic carcinoma seen at the university of virginia hospital from 1946 to 1974 were reviewed, with special emphasis on lymph node involvement by tumor. lymph node involvement was found in three cases of primary tumors of the submaxillary gland, and all of the affected lymph nodes were in the immediate vicinity of the primary tumor. two lymph nodes were involved in two of the cases, and one node was involved in the third case. in all of these lymph nodes, adenoid cyst ...	1994	186176
vibrio vulnificus may produce a metalloprotease causing an edematous skin lesion in vivo.	vibrio vulnificus, an opportunistic human pathogen, secretes a metalloprotease which has been suspected of being the causative factor for edematous skin lesions. the antibody against alpha-macroglobulin, the sole plasma inactivator of v. vulnificus metalloprotease, delayed clearance of the protease administered into dorsal skin, and increased the edema-forming ability of living bacterial cells. the derivative of the protease, which is resistant to the inactivating action of alpha-macroglobulin, ...	1994	7523241
induction of carbon starvation-induced proteins in vibrio vulnificus.	by using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of pulse-labelled proteins, carbon starvation-induced (sti) proteins produced by vibrio vulnificus were identified. at least 34 proteins were induced over a 26-h period of carbon starvation. although the total rate of protein synthesis over the 26-h starvation period suggests that there is a dramatic decrease in total protein synthesis within the first hour of starvation, at least 23 of the sti proteins were induced within the first 20 ...	1994	16349411
identification of vibrio vulnificus by cellular fatty acid composition using the hewlett-packard 5898a microbial identification system: collaborative study.	a gas chromatographic method using a capillary column for rapid identification of vibrio vulnificus was examined in a collaborative study. identifications were performed by analysis of cellular fatty acid profiles which were automatically searched against reference profiles stored in a computer-generated library. each of the 13 collaborators was sent 15 unknown isolates, which included 10 v. vulnificus isolates and 5 negative control isolates. each collaborator was furnished with a computer-gene ...	1994	7819758
vibrio vulnificus septicemia in a patient with liver cirrhosis.		1994	7825019
the first fatal case of vibrio vulnificus infection in denmark.	vibrio vulnificus can cause severe infections in humans and persons with preexisting liver disorders are especially at risk. in this paper we report what is to our knowledge the first fatal case of v. vulnificus infection in denmark. the patient was a 68-year-old man with a history of chronic lymphatic leukemia and hepatic cirrhosis. physicians should be aware of the clinical manifestations of this disease and should be especially attentive to patients at risk of acquiring the infection if there ...	1994	7833008
antimicrobial action of some gras compounds against vibrio vulnificus.	vibrio vulnificus is a bacterium indigenous to estuarine waters and is known to be a significant human pathogen. infections are generally associated with the consumption of raw oyster. in an attempt to identify possible antimicrobial agents against this organism that might be used in foods, ten compounds that are generally recognized as safe (gras) by the fda were tested against both the opaque and translucent morphotypes of v. vulnificus. eight of those compounds had a lethal effect for both mo ...	1994	7835469
vibrio vulnificus infection--report of 8 cases and review of cases in taiwan.	vibrio vulnificus infection, which is a rare and fatal disease, can be categorized clinically as either primary septicemia or wound infection. the clinical presentation of patients with primary septicemia can vary from fever alone to a more severe illness including high-grade bullous lesions, hypotension, and shock. wound infection typically results from either injury to the skin in a marine environment or contact of a preexisting wound with sea water. we reported eight cases with vibrio vulnifi ...	1994	7850649
[vibrio vulnificus in mexico: a case report and review of the literature].	vibrio vulnificus is an etiologic agent of septicemia and skin lesions. patients with chronic diseases, and more frequently chronic liver disease, are specially susceptible to this infection. the main risk factor is shellfish ingestion. in this report we present a patient with chronic liver disease who suffered fulminant sepsis and necro-hemorrhagic bullaes secondary to a v. vulnificus infection. the patient had ingested shrimps two days before. a review of the recent literature on the subject i ...	1994	7899742
vibrio vulnificus hazard in patients with liver disease.		1994	7941517
effect of time and temperature on multiplication of vibrio vulnificus in postharvest gulf coast shellstock oysters.	after harvest, shellstock oysters stored under controlled temperatures of 10, 13, and 18 degrees c and at ambient outside air temperature (23 to 34 degrees c) were sampled after 12 and 30 h for vibrio vulnificus. at 13 degrees c and below, v. vulnificus failed to multiply in the oysters. in oysters held at 18 degrees c for 30 h and under ambient conditions for 12 and 30 h, v. vulnificus numbers were statistically greater (p < 0.05) than those in oysters at harvest. these data indicate that endog ...	1994	7944379
detection of potential virulence markers of vibrio vulnificus strains isolated from fish in sweden.	a variety of potential virulence markers such as the production of cytotoxin, haemolysin, exoenzymes, bactericidal action of sera, presence of capsule and adhesion to human intestinal cells were investigated on vibrio vulnificus strains isolated from eels in sweden. the strains had the capacity of producing all or some of the above-mentioned virulence markers, to varying degrees though none of the strains produced any capsule. the strains also bound specifically to human intestinal cells in vitr ...	1994	8004935