Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [enteric viruses and bacteriological parameters in molluscs]. | eighty-seven samples of shellfish were collected considering: type of mollusc, origin, growing area, monitoring or for human purpose. the bacteriological parameters were: fecal coliforms, escherichia coli, and salmonella; whereas the virological parameters included: hepatitis a and e virus, rotavirus, astrovirus and enterovirus. in total, 63.2% of samples had normal bacteria values, only one sample was salmonella positive. the percentage of positive samples for hepatitis a virus was 5.7%, rotavi ... | 2004 | 15554530 |
| investigation of the incidence of hepatitis e virus among pregnant women in turkey. | the aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) among pregnant and non-pregnant women in middle anatolia, identify the factors that affect being hev positive and to study the effects of hev positivity on mother and fetus. | 2004 | 14718021 |
| identification of a new strain of hepatitis e virus from an outbreak in namibia in 1995. | endemic circulation of hepatitis e virus (hev) in namibia was suspected from serological data during an outbreak of non-a, non-b hepatitis in rundu in 1995. the source of the outbreak was suspected to be the water supply, which had been compromised approximately 6 months earlier. four hev isolates from four different persons in this outbreak were successfully amplified, sequenced and analysed over a 451 bp region of a subgenomic fragment from the 3' end of the genome in orf2. phylogenetic analys ... | 2004 | 14718623 |
| genetic changes in hepatitis e virus of subtype 1a in patients with sporadic acute hepatitis e in kathmandu, nepal, from 1997 to 2002. | to investigate the genetic changes in hepatitis e virus (hev) strains in the kathmandu valley of nepal, we compared the 412 nt sequence within open reading frame 2 of hev among hev isolates recovered from 16 patients in 1999, 14 patients in 2000 and 38 patients in 2002, and additional isolates recovered from 48 patients in 1997 whose nucleotide sequences have been previously published. all 116 hev-viraemic samples were genotyped as 1 and subtyped further as 1a (n=85, 73 %), 1c (n=29, 25 %) and m ... | 2004 | 14718624 |
| protective efficacy of hepatitis e virus dna vaccine administered by gene gun in the cynomolgus macaque model of infection. | the protective efficacy of a dna vaccine against hepatitis e virus (hev) infection was tested in cynomolgus macaques (cynos) vaccinated with a plasmid containing a full-length hev open-reading frame 2 (orf2) sequence (burmese strain) and subsequently challenged with a heterologous strain of hev (mexican strain). cynos administered vaccine by gene gun developed antibodies to hev (anti-hev), whereas cynos administered vaccine by intradermal injections and cynos administered a mock dna construct di ... | 2004 | 14722891 |
| hepatitis e superinfection produces severe decompensation in patients with chronic liver disease. | the adverse effect of acute hepatitis a in chronic liver disease is well known. the outcome of acute hepatitis e in chronic liver disease has not been extensively studied. the present study aimed to examine the clinical profile and outcome of patients with chronic liver disease and hepatitis e virus (hev) superinfection, and the seroprevalence of hepatitis a and e infections in patients with chronic liver disease and controls in india. | 2004 | 14731121 |
| dna vaccine-encapsulated virus-like particles derived from an orally transmissible virus stimulate mucosal and systemic immune responses by oral administration. | delivery of foreign genes to the digestive tract mucosa by oral administration of nonreplicating gene transfer vectors would be a very useful method for vaccination and gene therapy. however, there have been few reports on suitable vectors. in the present study, we found that plasmid dna can be packaged in vitro into a virus-like particle (vlp) composed of open reading frame 2 of hepatitis e virus, which is an orally transmissible virus, and that these vlps can deliver this foreign dna to the in ... | 2004 | 14973544 |
| basis for fusion inhibition by peptides: analysis of the heptad repeat regions of the fusion proteins from nipah and hendra viruses, newly emergent zoonotic paramyxoviruses. | nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev) are novel zoonotic members of the paramyxoviridae family and are the prototypes for a newly designated genus, genus henipavirus. recent studies have shown that paramyxovirus might adopt a similar mechanism of virus fusion-entry. under this mechanism, the two highly conserved heptad repeat (hr) regions, hr1 and hr2, in the fusion (f) protein, seem to show characteristic structure in the fusion core: the formation of a 6-helix coiled-coil bundle. the three ... | 2004 | 14975752 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis a and hepatitis e infection and their determinants in adult chinese community in hong kong. | current epidemiology of hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) in hong kong was evaluated in 936 adult chinese subjects recruited through a telephone interview in 2001. some 15% of the subjects had igg antibodies to both hav and hev while 665 (71.0%) and 176 (18.8%) had anti-hav and anti-hev, respectively. age was the most significant independent factor. six hundred thirty-eight (79.8%) and 165 (20.7%) subjects aged > or =30 had anti-hav and anti-hev, respectively, as compared with ... | 2004 | 14981755 |
| transfusion of plasma from a blood donor induced hepatitis e in rhesus monkey. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is normally transmitted via the faeco-oral route. the possibility that the infection might be transmissible by blood has been suggested. direct evidence of blood-borne transmission of hepatitis e infection is, however, absent. | 2004 | 14984559 |
| genetic identification of avian hepatitis e virus (hev) from healthy chicken flocks and characterization of the capsid gene of 14 avian hev isolates from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in different geographical regions of the united states. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev), a novel virus identified from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly (hs) syndrome, is genetically and antigenically related to human hev. recently, it was found that avian hev antibody is also prevalent in healthy chickens. a prospective study was done on a known seropositive but healthy chicken farm to identify avian hev isolates from healthy chickens. fourteen chickens were randomly selected, tagged and monitored under natural conditions for 19 weeks. all 14 chick ... | 2004 | 14993655 |
| nipah virus conforms to the rule of six in a minigenome replication assay. | to study the replication of nipah virus (niv), a minigenome replication assay that does not require the use of infectious virus was developed. the minigenome was constructed to encode a niv vrna analogue containing the gene for chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) under the control of putative niv transcription motifs and flanked by the niv genomic termini. cat protein was detected only when plasmids encoding the niv minigenome, nucleocapsid protein (n), phosphoprotein (p) and polymerase prot ... | 2004 | 14993656 |
| interactions of decay-accelerating factor (daf) with haemagglutinating human enteroviruses: utilizing variation in primate daf to map virus binding sites. | a cellular receptor for the haemagglutinating enteroviruses (hev), and the protein that mediates haemagglutination, is the membrane complement regulatory protein decay accelerating factor (daf; cd55). although primate daf is highly conserved, significant differences exist to enable cell lines derived from primates to be utilized for the characterization of the daf binding phenotype of human enteroviruses. thus, several distinct daf-binding phenotypes of a selection of hevs (viz. coxsackievirus a ... | 2004 | 14993659 |
| evidence for the presence of hepatitis e virus in pigs in the united kingdom. | samples of serum, tissue and faeces from two pig herds in england were examined for hepatitis e virus by reverse-transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr), and a virus strain from each herd was partially sequenced. eleven of 42 faecal samples and 16 of 21 tissue samples from two pigs were positive for the virus by rt-pcr. analysis of two unique but closely related nucleotide sequences obtained from the two herds showed that the viruses clustered in genotype iii (6) with a human strain of the virus from an auto ... | 2004 | 15005446 |
| presence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus in japanese pet cats. | 2004 | 15007745 | |
| high prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a and e viruses and viremia of hepatitis b, c, and d viruses among apparently healthy populations in mongolia. | the prevalence of infection with hepatitis a virus (hav), hbv, hcv, hdv, and hev was evaluated in 249 apparently healthy individuals, including 122 inhabitants in ulaanbaatar, the capital city of mongolia, and 127 age- and sex-matched members of nomadic tribes who lived around the capital city. overall, hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was detected in 24 subjects (10%), of whom 22 (92%) had detectable hbv dna. surprisingly, hdv rna was detectable in 20 (83%) of the 24 hbsag-positive subjects. ... | 2004 | 15013993 |
| neurotropism of swine haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (coronavirus) in mice depending upon host age and route of infection. | mice aged 1, 4 or 8 weeks were inoculated with haemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev), strain 67n, by the intracerebral (i.c.), intranasal (i.n.), intraperitoneal (i.p.), subcutaneous (s.c.), intravenous (i.v.) or oral route, with different doses. in 1-week-old mice, mortality and mean time to death were mostly the same regardless of the inoculation route, except for the oral route, which appeared to be the least effective. the virus killed 4-week-old mice readily by all routes of inocu ... | 2004 | 14693125 |
| monitoring for potentially xenozoonotic viruses in new zealand pigs. | shortage of human donor organs for transplantation has prompted evaluation of animals as an alternative donor source. pigs are the most acceptable candidate animals but issues of xenozoonozes remain. despite careful monitoring of high-health-status (hhs) pigs, there is still a risk that their tissues may carry infectious agents. furthermore, pathogens which are significant in xenotransplantation are not necessarily those of veterinary importance. the detection of these potentially transmissible ... | 2004 | 14695679 |
| determination and analysis of the complete genomic sequence of avian hepatitis e virus (avian hev) and attempts to infect rhesus monkeys with avian hev. | avian hepatitis e virus (avian hev), recently identified from a chicken with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the united states, is genetically and antigenically related to human and swine hevs. in this study, sequencing of the genome was completed and an attempt was made to infect rhesus monkeys with avian hev. the full-length genome of avian hev, excluding the poly(a) tail, is 6654 bp in length, which is about 600 bp shorter than that of human and swine hevs. similar to human and swine hev g ... | 2004 | 15166445 |
| mapping of domains responsible for nucleocapsid protein-phosphoprotein interaction of henipaviruses. | hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) are members of a new genus, henipavirus, in the family paramyxoviridae. each virus encodes a phosphoprotein (p) that is significantly larger than its counterparts in other known paramyxoviruses. the interaction of this unusually large p with its nucleocapsid protein (n) was investigated in this study by using recombinant full-length and truncated proteins expressed in bacteria and a modified protein-blotting protein-overlay assay. results from our group d ... | 2004 | 15166452 |
| [current aspects of hepatitis e virus]. | 2004 | 15171834 | |
| hepatitis e virus and acute-on-chronic liver failure. | 2004 | 15176533 | |
| superimposed acute hepatitis e infection in patients with chronic liver disease. | the natural history of infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) in patients with chronic liver disease (cld) is not well described. our study aims to document the presentation, course and outcome of hev superinfection in patients with cld. | 2004 | 15176535 |
| hepatitis e virus is responsible for decompensation of chronic liver disease in an endemic region. | hepatitis a virus infection in patients with previously stable chronic liver disease is associated with liver decompensation. whether infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) also does so is not known. | 2004 | 15176538 |
| generation and infectivity titration of an infectious stock of avian hepatitis e virus (hev) in chickens and cross-species infection of turkeys with avian hev. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev), a novel virus identified from chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the united states, is genetically and antigenically related to human hev. in order to further characterize avian hev, an infectious viral stock with a known infectious titer must be generated, as hev cannot be propagated in vitro. bile and feces collected from specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens experimentally infected with avian hev were used to prepare an avian hev infectious stock a ... | 2004 | 15184448 |
| an elisa for putative neutralizing antibodies to hepatitis e virus detects antibodies to genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4. | two monoclonal antibodies that neutralize hepatitis e virus (hev) were used to identify a subregion of orf2 capsid protein spanning amino acids 459-607 as the shortest peptide to form the corresponding neutralization epitopes. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on a purified recombinant protein covering amino acids 458-607 in orf2 of the sar-55 strain (genotype 1) efficiently detected anti-hev in non-human primates which had been experimentally infected with the four known mammal ... | 2004 | 15193383 |
| human and porcine hepatitis e virus strains, united kingdom. | we describe a case of acquired infection of a strain of hepatitis e virus (hev) with a 100% amino acid identity to the analogous region in strains of hev circulating in a united kingdom pig herd. this case further supports the theory that autochthonous hev infection in industrialized countries is zoonotic. | 2004 | 15200841 |
| [prevalence of immunity to hepatitis viruses in pregnant women from the health area of gijón (spain)]. | the objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of hepatitis b or c chronic infection, and hepatitis a or e immunity among pregnant women from gijón, as well as their clinical and epidemiological antecedents. | 2004 | 15207132 |
| hepatitis e, helicobacter pylori, and gastrointestinal symptoms in workers exposed to waste water. | workers exposed to sewage may have an increased risk of infection by helicobacter pylori and hepatitis e virus (hev). | 2004 | 15208379 |
| hepatitis e virus infection may be transmitted through blood transfusions in an endemic area. | to address the issue of whether or not hepatitis e virus (hev) is transmitted parenterally. | 2004 | 15209625 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus among japanese blood donors: identification of three blood donors infected with a genotype 3 hepatitis e virus. | risk factors for acquiring hepatitis e among individuals in industrialized countries including japan are not fully understood. we investigated whether japanese blood donors with or without an elevated alanine aminotransferase (alt) level are likely to have hepatitis e virus (hev) infection. serum samples were collected from 5,343 voluntary blood donors including 1,087 donors with elevated alt of 61-966 iu/l and 4,256 donors with normal alt (< or = 60 iu/l) at two japanese red cross blood centers ... | 2004 | 15221899 |
| assessment of hav and hev seroprevalence in children living in post-earthquake camps from düzce, turkey. | the aim of the study was to investigate the prevalance of enterically transmitted hepatitis among children living in post-earthquake camps, and to assess the efficacy of the measurements during and after the disaster in düzce and golyaka. in the second half of 1999, north-western turkey, was struck by two massive earthquakes in less than 3 months. the first, on 17 august 1999, involving golyaka, was struck, measuring between 7.4 and 7.8 on the richter scale. irregularity about providing clean wa ... | 2004 | 15233319 |
| hepatitis e vaccines: progress and prospects. | hepatitis e accounts for the major part of enterally transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis worldwide. its agent, the hepatitis e virus (hev), is a small, single-stranded rna virus. only one serotype of hev is recognised. infection results in protective immunity with long-lived neutralising antibodies. in developing countries with poor sanitary conditions and high population density, hepatitis e causes water-borne epidemics with substantial mortality rates in pregnant women. in addition, more than 5 ... | 2004 | 15233590 |
| identification of 5' capped structure and 3' terminal sequence of hepatitis e virus isolated from morocco. | to examine 5' and 3' terminal sequences of hepatitis e virus (hev) isolated from morocco, to confirm 5' methylated cap structure of the genome, and to investigate whether the 3' utr can be used to distinguish hev genotypes instead of hev complete genome sequence. | 2004 | 15237431 |
| sporadic cases of acute autochthonous hepatitis e in spain. | in industrialized countries hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is rare and its diagnosis is difficult because the utility of available tests is not well established. | 2004 | 15246218 |
| production in pichia pastoris and characterization of genetic engineered chimeric hbv/hev virus-like particles. | to investigate the presentation of a neutralization epitope-containing peptide antigen of hepatitis e virus (hev) on chimeric virus-like particles (vlps) of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). | 2004 | 15250239 |
| consumption of uncooked deer meat as a risk factor for hepatitis e virus infection: an age- and sex-matched case-control study. | it was reported previously food-borne transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) to humans from deer meat. the present study attempted to clarify whether eating uncooked deer meat is a major epidemiological risk factor for hev infection in kasai, a city in western japan. in total, 45 volunteer subjects with experience of eating raw deer meat were enrolled. an equivalent number of people from the same area who had never eaten raw deer meat served as controls. the subjects and controls had comparable ... | 2004 | 15258970 |
| hepatitis e: an overview and recent advances in vaccine research. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an unclassified, small, non-enveloped rna virus, as a causative agent of acute hepatitis e that is transmitted principally via the fecal-oral route. the virus can cause large water-born epidemics of the disease and sporadic cases as well. hepatitis e occurs predominantly in developing countries, usually affecting young adults, with a high fatality rate up to 15-20% in pregnant women. however, no effective treatment currently exists for hepatitis e, and the only cure is ... | 2004 | 15259057 |
| [detection and analysis of hav-hev, hgv infection in patients with viral hepatitis]. | to study the simple infection and super/co-infection of hav-hev, hgv in patients with viral hepatitis. | 2004 | 15268800 |
| estimation of the mutation rate of hepatitis e virus based on a set of closely related 7.5-year-apart isolates from sapporo, japan. | since hepatitis e virus (hev) does not persist in infected hosts or in cultured cell lines, it has been difficult to know its spontaneous mutation rate. recently, we identified an hev isolate in stored serum from a patient having developed hepatitis e in 1995 (jsm-sap95), nucleotide sequence of which showed a strong resemblance to those obtained from three patients who contracted hepatitis e in 2000 and 2002 (jkk-sap00, jyw-sap02, and jts-sap02). the remarkable nucleotide similarity together wit ... | 2004 | 15288013 |
| epidemiological and clinical study of sporadic acute hepatitis e caused by indigenous strains of hepatitis e virus in japan compared with acute hepatitis a. | we compared acute hepatitis e (ah-e) and acute hepatitis a (ah-a) to investigate the epidemiology, clinical features, and prognosis of ah-e caused by an indigenous hepatitis e virus (hev) in japan. | 2004 | 15293134 |
| epidemiological and clinical features of hepatitis e in japan. | 2004 | 15293147 | |
| infection of a japanese patient by genotype 4 hepatitis e virus while traveling in vietnam. | cases of imported hepatitis e in industrialized countries infected with a genotype 1 hepatitis e virus (hev) have been identified. we report a 56-year-old japanese man who acquired infection with a genotype 4 hev with 98.8% identity to a vietnamese isolate after ingestion of uncooked shellfish while traveling in vietnam. | 2004 | 15297556 |
| hev biology-recent developments and future implications. | 2004 | 15303461 | |
| waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak in albania. | three different studies are reported concerning the environmental pollution caused by viruses in albania. the first study describes an outbreak of gastroenteritis in the capital city, involving 2,722 children attending the paediatric unit of tirana hospital. the age group with the highest morbidity was 0-5 years, with 89.5%; no fatalities were recorded during the outbreak. rotavirus was detected in 26/28 faecal samples by rt-pcr, although astrovirus, adenovirus and calicivirus were also present. ... | 2004 | 15318487 |
| [prevalence of anti-hev among swine, sheep and chickens]. | to investigate the prevalence of anti-hev among swine, sheep and chickens. | 2004 | 15340498 |
| [particulate recombinant hepatitis e virus capsid protein and its antigenicity and immunogenicity]. | an e. coli expressed recombinant antigen ne2 was reported to aggregate into homo-oligomer, and can induce protective antibodies on rhesus monkey, but its immunogenicty was much weak after being purified. in this study, three n-terminal extension mutant of ne2 were expressed in e. coli, one of which named hev 239 was found to aggregate into particle. hev 239 antigen had good reactivity with sera of hepatitis e patients. the reactivity of hev 239 against neutralization monoclonal antibody 8c11 was ... | 2004 | 15969119 |
| [is endemic hepatitis e infection present in developed countries?--accumulating information about the hepatitis e virus and hepatitis e infection]. | there are several new data on the acute viral hepatitis particularly on infectious non-a-non-c hepatitis viruses. the hepatitis e virus infection was originally thought to be limited only for certain geographic areas and humans. recently, it has been demonstrated the genetic diversity and worldwide distribution of hepatitis e virus in human population, as well as, the circulation of the virus in many species of animals. it is evident, that hepatitis e virus can spread by fecally contaminated wat ... | 2004 | 15715288 |
| [clinical significance of detecting rna and anti hev antibody in convalesent sera in patients with acute hev hepatitis]. | to investigate the anti hepatitis e virus (hev) and hev rna in acute and convalescent sera of patients with nona-e acute hepatitis. | 2004 | 15640865 |
| hepatitis e is a cause of unexplained hepatitis in the netherlands. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the major etiologic agent of enterically transmitted viral hepatitis in much of the developing world. evidence provided in recent years shows that hev is also prevalent in very low numbers in non-endemic countries. recently, a cluster of three patients with acute hepatitis e but no history of travel to endemic countries was discovered in the geographical area provided with service by the public health laboratory groningen and drenthe, the netherlands. | 2004 | 15911430 |
| [interface domain of hepatitis e virus capsid protein homodimer]. | hepatitis e is a main cause of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries where it occurs as sporadic cases and in epidemics form. the causative agent, hepatitis e virus, is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route. the approximately 7.5 kb positive-sense single-strand rna genome includes three open reading frames (orfs), one of which (orf2) is postulated to encode the major viral capsid protein (porf2) of 660 amino acid residues. we earlier showed that a bacterially expressed peptide, d ... | 2004 | 16108497 |
| [a case of acute hepatitis e with the travel history to an endemic area]. | hepatitis e is a self-limited and enterically transmitted acute viral hepatitis that occurs from epidemic outbreaks of developing countries and sporadic hepatitis in non-endemic areas. in endemic areas, hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of the most common causes of acute hepatitis and hepatic failure in pregnancy. its mortality rate has been reported up to 20%. in non-endemic areas, hev infection without any travel history is very rare. in korea, only one case of simple hepatitis e without any trav ... | 2004 | 15665579 |
| [hepatitis d and hepatitis e]. | 2004 | 15624471 | |
| [hepatitis e virus capsid protein production by high cell density culture of recombinant escherichia coli]. | production of hepatitis e virus capsid protein by high cell density culture in recombinant e. coli has been studied in 10l and 30l fermentors. the effects of different factors on growth and producing recombinant protein of e. coli have been studied by batch culture, such as different media, the ratio of phosphate and magnesium sulfate. comparison of fermentation performance for recombinant e. coli in different fed-methods culture has been investigated by fed-batch culture. the effects of inducin ... | 2004 | 15971623 |
| [recent topics on hepatitis e virus: emerging, zoonotic, and animal-to-human transmission in japan]. | hepatitis e is undoubtedly a zoonosis. recent observations suggest that the zoonotic food-borne mode of transmission has played an important role in the spread of hepatitis e virus (hev) among japanese people (who in general likes eating everything uncooked or undercooked: sushi, sashimi, tataki, namagimo, shabu-shabu, etc). moreover, the situation seems to be worsening. wild boar (and deer also) has recently been increasing in its number, becoming a more potent hev reservoir to humans than befo ... | 2004 | 15745163 |
| [seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus in casablanca]. | 2004 | 15747476 | |
| major foodborne illness causing viruses and current status of vaccines against the diseases. | even though viruses, unlike bacteria, cannot grow in or on foods, foodborne illnesses are associated with viruses due to contamination of the fresh produce or processed food by virus-containing fecal material. the commonly reported major foodborne illnesses are due to noroviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses, rotaviruses, and astroviruses. among all illnesses caused by foodborne pathogens, recent estimates of as high as 67% have been attributed to viruses alone, and an upward trend in the of trans ... | 2004 | 15992267 |
| hepatitis e viruses in humans and animals. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging pathogen belonging to a newly recognized family of rna viruses (hepeviridae). hev is an important enterically transmitted human pathogen with a worldwide distribution. it can cause sporadic cases as well as large epidemics of acute hepatitis. epidemics are primarily waterborne in areas where water supplies are contaminated with hev of human origin. there is increasing evidence, however, that many animal species are infected with an antigenically similar vir ... | 2004 | 15984321 |
| should hev infected mothers breast feed? | the aim of this study was to determine by a prospective study: the presence of anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) and or hev rna in the colostrum of hev infected mothers; transmission of hev to infants from their mothers by breast-feeding. | 2004 | 12698262 |
| development of nested rt-pcr for the detection of swine hepatitis e virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues and comparison with in situ hybridization. | swine hepatitis e virus (hev) was detected in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from naturally infected pigs by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the results for seminested rt-pcr were compared with those determined by in situ hybridization. the results obtained show that use of xylene deparaffinization, digestion with proteinase k followed by nested rt-pcr is a reliable detection method. swine hev nucleic acid was detected in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embed ... | 2004 | 14656462 |
| protection of cynomolgus monkeys against hev infection by oral administration of recombinant hepatitis e virus-like particles. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important causative agent of enterically-transmitted hepatitis. successful vaccine development is crucial in controlling global hev infection. hev capsid protein, with 111 amino acids truncated at the n-terminus, was efficiently expressed in the baculovirus expression system. expressed protein spontaneously assembled into virus-like particles (vlps) and was released into culture medium. when cynomolgus monkeys were orally inoculated with 10mg of purified rhev vlps, ... | 2004 | 14670318 |
| the orf2 protein of hepatitis e virus binds the 5' region of viral rna. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major human pathogen in much of the developing world. it is a plus-strand rna virus with a 7.2-kb polyadenylated genome consisting of three open reading frames, orf1, orf2, and orf3. of these, orf2 encodes the major capsid protein of the virus and orf3 encodes a small protein of unknown function. using the yeast three-hybrid system and traditional biochemical techniques, we have studied the rna binding activities of orf2 and orf3, two proteins encoded in the 3' struc ... | 2004 | 14671114 |
| acidic ph enhances structure and structural stability of the capsid protein of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is enterically transmitted and endemic to tropical areas of the world. the major capsid protein of hev is porf2 ( approximately 74 kda), encoded by open reading frame 2 (orf2). when expressed in insect cells, it is processed into a approximately 55 kda form (n-porf2). we also generated a mutant, m-porf2, lacking a c-terminal hydrophobic region shown earlier to be required for its homo-oligomerization. circular dichroism was used to measure the secondary structure and stab ... | 2004 | 14672699 |
| porcine circovirus-2 and concurrent infections in the field. | porcine circovirus-2 (pcv-2) is the necessary cause of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in swine; however, a variety of co-factors, including other infectious agents, are thought to be necessary in the full expression of disease. porcine parvovirus (ppv) was found in the inoculum used in the first experiments to reproduce pmws in gnotobiotic swine. retrospective and prospective studies in the field and laboratory have demonstrated pcv-2 can act synergistically with ppv to enhan ... | 2004 | 14741128 |
| isolation and identification of an enterovirus 77 recovered from a refugee child from kosovo, and characterization of the complete virus genome. | the complete nucleotide sequence of an enterovirus 77 isolate is reported. the virus designated fr/cf496-99 (france/clermont-ferrand 496-1999) was recovered from the feces of a 4-year-old child hospitalized for salmonella gastroenteritis. the virus was identified by a molecular typing assay based on the genomic sequence encoding the vp1 capsid protein. the phylogenetic analysis based on the vp1 sequence demonstrated that the enterovirus isolated in the child clustered with viruses included in th ... | 2004 | 14749180 |
| clinical and epidemiological features of patients with clonorchiasis. | to study the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with clonorchiasis so as to provide scientific evidences for the diagnosis and prevention of clonorchiasis. | 2004 | 14760777 |
| [studies on etiology and vaccines of hepatitis e]. | 2004 | 14761270 | |
| [significance of serological markers and virological marker for hepatitis e in rhesus monkey model]. | to evaluate the serological markers and biological marker in the diagnosis of hepatitis e infection in a rhesus monkey model. | 2004 | 14761271 |
| [investigation of sub-clinical infection of hepatitis e virus in blood donors]. | to understand the prevalence of sub-clinical infection of hepatitis e virus (hev) among blood donors. | 2004 | 14761272 |
| [detection of hepatitis e virus on a blood donor and its infectivity to rhesus monkey]. | to understand the infectivity and pathogenicity of the plasma of hepatitis e virus (hev) viremia to primate animals. | 2004 | 14761273 |
| immunologically silent autochthonous acute hepatitis e virus infection in france. | hepatitis e is an acute and self-limiting hepatitis, and the causative agent, hepatitis e virus, is excreted in feces and orally transmitted. the disease is common in asia and africa, causing outbreaks or sporadic cases. in europe, the infection is generally observed after a history of travel in an area of endemicity. we report on an autochthonous case in southwestern france in which the diagnosis was based on molecular tools rather than serological testing. | 2004 | 14766888 |
| the orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus interacts with liver-specific alpha1-microglobulin and its precursor alpha1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (ambp) and expedites their export from the hepatocyte. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a plus-stranded rna virus contains three open reading frames. of these, orf1 encodes the viral nonstructural polyprotein; orf2 encodes the major capsid protein and orf3 codes for a phosphoprotein of undefined function. using the yeast two-hybrid system to screen a human cdna liver library we have isolated, an n-terminal deleted protein, alpha(1) -microglobulin/bikunin precursor (ambp) that specifically interacts with the orf3 protein of hev. independently cloned, full-le ... | 2004 | 15037615 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus among apparently healthy humans and pigs in bali, indonesia: identification of a pig infected with a genotype 4 hepatitis e virus. | in indonesia where hepatitis e virus (hev) is believed to be highly endemic, only three outbreaks of hev transmission have been documented to date in restricted areas (west kalimantan and east java). a total of 1,115 serum samples collected from apparently healthy individuals in bali, lombok, and surabaya in indonesia in 1996 where epidemic hev transmissions have never been reported, were tested for igg class antibodies to hev (anti-hev). in bali, anti-hev was detected in 20% (54/276) of the tes ... | 2004 | 15042646 |
| [etiology and clinical characters of hepatitis caused by non-hepatotropic virus]. | to explore the etiology and clinical characters of hepatitis caused by non-hepatotropic virus. | 2004 | 15059291 |
| [the primary comparative analysis between the host genetic factors and their relationships with clinical phenotype of hbv infected twins]. | the primary comparative analysis between the host genetic factors and their relationships with clinical phenotype of 20 pairs of hbv infected and high risk twins. | 2004 | 15059532 |
| three male patients with sporadic acute hepatitis e in sendai, japan, who were domestically infected with hepatitis e virus of genotype iii or iv. | recent studies indicate that hepatitis e virus (hev) infection occurs not only in developing countries but also in industrialized nations. however, the characteristics of domestic infections of hepatitis e in japan are not fully understood. we analyzed serum samples from 34 patients who were seen at a city hospital in sendai, japan, between january 1997 and december 2002, and who had been given the diagnosis of sporadic acute hepatitis of non-a, non-b, non-c etiology. among these 34 patients, 3 ... | 2004 | 15065009 |
| molecular epidemiology of hepatitis b, c, d and e viruses among children in moscow, russia. | it is known that the prevalence of hbv and hcv infections vary according to geographical areas. however, in russia, an adequate level of information on the molecular epidemiology of hepatitis viruses has not been available so far. | 2004 | 15072755 |
| in vitro replication of hepatitis e virus (hev) genomes and of an hev replicon expressing green fluorescent protein. | hepatitis e virus (hev) rna replication occurred in seven of nine primate cell cultures transfected with in vitro transcripts of an infectious cdna clone. cell-to-cell spread did not occur in cell cultures, but rhesus monkeys inoculated with lysates of hev-transfected plc/prf/5 and huh-7 cells became infected with hev. a replicon with the orf2 and orf3 genes deleted and replaced with the green fluorescent protein gene also replicated in the same primate cells that supported the replication of th ... | 2004 | 15078965 |
| detection and quantitation of hepatitis e virus in human faeces by real-time quantitative pcr. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the causative agent of an acute and self-limited form of hepatitis. the virus is transmitted by the faecal-oral route and is a major cause of viral hepatitis in much of the developing world where it causes sporadic infections and large-scale epidemics. a simple and rapid protocol for the measurement of hev faecal shedding by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with the sybr green method on a lightcycler instrument, is described. after only 3h the real-time quan ... | 2004 | 15081602 |
| consumption of wild boar linked to cases of hepatitis e. | 2004 | 15094239 | |
| the hepatitis e virus open reading frame 3 protein activates erk through binding and inhibition of the mapk phosphatase. | the hepatitis e virus causes acute viral hepatitis endemic in much of the developing world and is a serious public health problem. however, due to the lack of an in vitro culture system or a small animal model, its biology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. we have shown earlier that the orf3 protein (porf3) of hepatitis e virus activates erk, a member of the mapk superfamily. here we have explored the mechanism of porf3-mediated erk activation and demonstrated it to be independent of the r ... | 2004 | 15096509 |
| expression of the b subunit of the heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli in tobacco mosaic virus-infected nicotiana benthamiana plants and its characterization as mucosal immunogen and adjuvant. | we have produced biologically active recombinant (r) ltb, the nontoxic b subunit of heat-labile toxin (lt) of escherichia coli in tobacco mosaic virus (tmv)-infected nicotiana benthamiana plants. we amplified the ltb encoding sequence with its leader and introduced a hexahistidyl tag and an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal. the resulting product was ligated into a tmv-based plant viral expression vector that was used for the generation of recombinant viral rna. eighty-nine percent of n. be ... | 2004 | 15099768 |
| [prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus among residents of different climate and geographic zones of russia federation]. | the detection frequency of antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) was studied in residents of the south and of the middle european part of the russia federation as well as of siberia. antibodies to hev were most often found both in patients with hepatic pathologies and in subjects with diseases unrelated with a primary hepatic lesion, in particular, in patients with skin and venereal diseases and with hev. a higher concentration of antibodies to hev was noted also in blood donors, medical personn ... | 2004 | 15106375 |
| immunohistochemistry for the detection of swine hepatitis e virus in the liver. | swine hepatitis e virus (hev) antigen was detected immunohistochemically in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded hepatic tissue from 30 naturally infected pigs. thirty pigs from 30 different herds were selected on the basis of positive results for reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. positive cells typically exhibited a red reaction product in the cytoplasm without any observable background staining. swine hev antigen was consistently detected in liver from all 30 pigs tested. a strong ... | 2004 | 15117329 |
| henipaviruses: recent observations on regulation of transcription and the nature of the cell receptor. | hendra virus (henv) and nipah virus (nipv) are classified in the new genus henipavirus, within the subfamily paramyxovirinae, family paramyxoviridae. the genetic and biological characteristics that differentiate henipaviruses from other members of the subfamily are summarized. although they do not display neuraminidase and hemagglutination activities and in that regard resemble viruses in the genus morbillivirus, several recent observations highlight similarities between henipaviruses and respir ... | 2004 | 15119767 |
| development of reverse transcriptase pcr and nested pcr to detect porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus. | porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev) causes encephalomyelitis, or vomiting and wasting disease, in suckling piglets. the mortality rate for piglets under 3 weeks old is 100%, but they are usually protected by maternal antibodies. recently, the risk of an hev outbreak has increased in the pig industry, because of widely using specific pathogen-free pigs that have no antibodies to hev. we developed reverse transcription (rt) pcr and nested pcr to detect hev. primer sets of polyme ... | 2004 | 15133265 |
| hepatitis e in pregnancy. | to study the spectrum and the clinical and biochemical course of viral hepatitis e during pregnancy. | 2004 | 15145258 |
| transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e caused by apparently indigenous hepatitis e virus strain in hokkaido, japan. | in industrialized countries, sporadic cases of hepatitis e have been reported in individuals who have never been in an endemic area. hepatitis e virus (hev) infection commonly occurs via the fecal-oral route but a potential risk of transfusion transmission route has been suggested. | 2004 | 15157263 |
| real-time quantification of hepatitis b virus core-promoter and pre-core mutants during hepatitis e antigen seroconversion. | detection of hepatitis b virus (hbv) core-promoter a(1762)t-g(1764)a and pre-core g(1896)a mutants has relied on qualitative assays. we tested the hypothesis that the quantity of a(1762)t-g(1764)a and g(1896)a mutants might have clinical impact, by quantifying these mutants before and after hbe antigen (hbeag) seroconversion in 58 patients. | 2004 | 15158343 |
| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the fusion core from two new zoonotic paramyxoviruses, nipah virus and hendra virus. | highly conserved heptad-repeat (hr1 and hr2) regions in class i viral fusion (f) proteins, including the f protein from paramyxovirus, interact with each other post-fusion to form a six-helix bundle called a fusion core. crystals of the fusion core of nipah virus have been grown at 291 k using peg 4000 as precipitant. the diffraction pattern of the crystal extends to 2.1 angstroms resolution at 100 k in-house. the crystals have unit-cell parameters a = 31.664, b = 31.725, c = 51.256 angstroms, a ... | 2004 | 15159588 |
| selection of a peptide mimicking neutralization epitope of hepatitis e virus with phage peptide display technology. | to select the peptide mimicking the neutralization epitope of hepatitis e virus which bound to non-type-specific and conformational monoclonal antibodies (mabs) 8c11 and 8h3 fromed 7-peptide phage display library, and expressed the peptide recombinant with hbcag in e.coli, and to observe whether the recombinant hbcag could still form virus like particle (vlp) and to test the activation of the recombinant polyprotein and chemo-synthesized peptide that was selected by mab 8h3. | 2004 | 15162530 |
| acute pancreatitis associated with acute hepatitis e infection. | a 45-year-old male presented with severe abdominal pain, hyperamylasaemia and a bulky pancreas. in addition, he had deep jaundice and markedly raised serum transaminases, and his serum was positive for igm anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) antibodies. the common aetiologies of acute pancreatitis were excluded. the patient ran a benign course for both acute viral hepatitis and acute pancreatitis, and recovered completely. acute pancreatitis caused by hev infection has been reported only occasionally. | 2003 | 15164533 |
| markedly prolonged jaundice from simultaneous infection with hepatitis e virus and leptospira. | we treated a patient simultaneously infected with hepatitis e virus and leptospira interrogans, both acquired in china. severe hyperbilirubinemia required nearly 200 days to resolve, transminase elevation showed a fluctuating course, and liver biopsy specimens showed fibrosis unusual for hepatitis e. leptospirosis appeared to have altered the course of hepatitis e virus infection in this patient, even though infection with leptospira was cleared with antibiotics by 50 days after the onset of the ... | 2003 | 14768480 |
| features of hepatitis e virus infection in japan. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute hepatitis in many developing countries. hev is transmitted principally by the fecal-oral route, and water-borne epidemics are characteristic of hepatitis e. recently, there is growing consensus that hev-associated hepatitis also occurs among individuals in industrialized nations who had no history of travel to endemic areas. zoonotic spread of hev has been suggested as human and swine hev strains are closely related genetically and experimental c ... | 2003 | 14686743 |
| viral hepatitis: new data on hepatitis c infection. | viral hepatitis (vh) is almost as old as human beings, at least as old as known human history. however, the natural history and the epidemiology of the disease has undergone changes during the centuries and even recently we have been facing several new aspects. the estimated global prevalence is around 3-5%, which means that approximately 400 million patients are infected with hepatitis b virus and that there are 170 million infections with hepatitis c virus. the mortality figures are projected ... | 2003 | 14688826 |
| infectious aetiology of jaundice among pregnant women in angola. | the contribution of viral hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and malaria to jaundice among pregnant women in luanda, angola, was studied. 20 pregnant women with jaundice (cases) were identified in 2 large maternity hospitals and compared with 40 pregnant women without jaundice (controls). among the cases 6 patients died, whereas no death occurred in the control group (p < 0.001). five spontaneous abortions and 6 stillbirths were also noted among the cases, implying foetal lo ... | 2003 | 12953953 |
| prevalence of hepatitis a, b, c and e virus in adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus. | the hypothesis for this study was that hepatitis virus infection could be associated with diabetes, because of the high frequency of injections. in this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis a, b, c and e viruses in type-1 diabetes mellitus. | 2003 | 12955815 |
| evidence for widespread infection of hepatitis e virus among wild rats in japan. | sporadic cases of hepatitis e have been reported in industrialized countries, including japan. the source of hepatitis e virus (hev) in these patients is unknown, although zoonotic transmission has been suggested. to investigate whether or not rodents might be a reservoir of hev, we conducted an epidemiological survey for the antibody to a recombinant capsid protein of hev using serum samples from wild rodents in japan. one hundred and fourteen of 362 (31.5%) norway rats (rattus norvegicus) and ... | 2003 | 12957199 |
| prevalence of hepatitis virus types b through e and genotypic distribution of hbv and hcv in ho chi minh city, vietnam. | a molecular epidemiological survey of various hepatitis viral infections, including hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis d virus (hdv), was carried out in ho chi minh city, vietnam. this study included of 295 patients with liver disease (234 viral related and 61 non-viral related) and 100 healthy individuals. the infection rates of hbv and hcv in 234 liver disease patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, were 31.2 a ... | 2003 | 12963426 |
| severe hepatitis e virus infection after ingestion of uncooked liver from a wild boar. | 2003 | 12964128 |