Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| zika virus infections: an overview of current scenario. | zika virus (zikv) was discovered more than half a century ago, recently it has gained unprecedented attention by the global health community. until 2007, only 14 cases of human zikv infections were reported around the globe, while during the current outbreak, estimated cases mounted to approximately 1.5 million in brazil alone, the virus was disseminated to wider south-american territories and travel-associated zikv infections were reported in usa, europe and recently in china. zikv infections r ... | 2016 | 27393087 |
| clinical and epidemiological characterization of the first recognized outbreak of dengue virus-type 2 in mozambique, 2014. | since the first reported epidemic of dengue in pemba, the capital of cabo delgado province, in 1984-1985, no further cases have been reported in mozambique. in march 2014, the provincial health directorate of cabo delgado reported a suspected dengue outbreak in pemba, associated with a recent increase in the frequency of patients with nonmalarial febrile illness. an investigation conducted between march and june detected a total of 193 clinically suspected dengue patients in pemba and nampula, t ... | 2016 | 26643534 |
| fighting arboviral diseases: low toxicity on mammalian cells, dengue growth inhibition (in vitro), and mosquitocidal activity of centroceras clavulatum-synthesized silver nanoparticles. | dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread in all regions of the world in recent years. female mosquitoes, mainly aedes aegypti, transmit dengue. approximately 3,900 million people, in 128 countries, are at risk of dengue infection. recently, a focus has been provided on the potential of green-synthesized nanoparticles as inhibitors of the production of dengue viral envelope (e) protein in vero cells and downregulators of the expression of dengue viral e gene. algae are an ... | 2016 | 26462804 |
| management and treatment of dengue and chikungunya - natural products to the rescue. | neglected tropical diseases (ntds) flourish mostly in impoverished developing nations of the world. it is estimated that ntds plague up to 1 billion people every year thereby inducing a massive economic and health burden worldwide. following explosive outbreaks mostly in asia, latin america, europe and the indian ocean, two common ntds namely, chikungunya and dengue both transmitted by an infected mosquito vector principally aedes aegypti have emerged as a major public health threat. given the l ... | 2016 | 27151484 |
| molecular characterization of two major dengue outbreaks in costa rica. | dengue virus (denv) (flavivirus, flaviviridae) is a reemerging arthropod-borne virus with a worldwide circulation, transmitted mainly by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. since the first detection of its main transmitting vector in 1992 and the invasion of denv-1 in 1993, costa rica has faced dengue outbreaks yearly. in 2007 and 2013, costa rica experienced two of the largest outbreaks in terms of total and severe cases. to provide genetic information about the etiologic agents prod ... | 2016 | 27139442 |
| dengue virus immunopathogenesis: lessons applicable to the emergence of zika virus. | dengue is the leading mosquito-transmitted viral infection in the world. there are more than 390 million new infections annually; while the majority of infected individuals are asymptomatic or develop a self-limited dengue fever, up to 1 million clinical cases develop severe manifestations, including dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome, resulting in ~25,000 deaths annually, mainly in children. gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to dengue infection and immunopatho ... | 2016 | 27130436 |
| production of dengue virus envelope protein domain iii-based antigens in tobacco chloroplasts using inducible and constitutive expression systems. | dengue fever is a disease in many parts of the tropics and subtropics and about half the world's population is at risk of infection according to the world health organization. dengue is caused by any of the four related dengue virus serotypes den-1, -2, -3 and -4, which are transmitted to people by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. currently there is only one vaccine (dengvaxia(®)) available (limited to a few countries) on the market since 2015 after half a century's intensive efforts. affordable and ac ... | 2016 | 27116001 |
| effects of larval nutrition on wolbachia-based dengue virus interference in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | in order to assess the broad-scale applicability of field releases of wolbachia for the biological control of insect-transmitted diseases, we determined the relationship between the larval diet of aedes aegypti l. mosquitoes infected with wolbachia strains and their susceptibility to dengue virus (denv) infection via intrathoracic injection and oral inoculation. larvae were reared on diets that varied in the quantity of food which had the effect of modifying development time and adult body size. ... | 2016 | 27106932 |
| lethal dengue virus infection: a forensic overview. | dengue virus is a single-stranded rna virus that is a member of the family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus. it is usually transmitted by the female aedes aegypti mosquito. dengue fever is a febrile illness caused by 1 of 4 serotypes of the virus, which may progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. the mortality rate of untreated dengue shock syndrome is more than 20%. the reported incidence has increased 30-fold for the past 50 years with an estimated 50 to 100 million dengue ... | 2016 | 27093563 |
| vector surveillance for dengue virus detection in the archipelago of fernando de noronha, brazil. | aedes aegypti (l.) has become an efficient vector of important arboviruses due to its anthropophilic and domiciliary behaviors. since the 1980s, dengue affects thousands of people every year in brazil; in fernando de noronha (fn), a touristic archipelago, dengue cases have occurred since 2001. once ae. aegypti populations are well established in the inhabited areas of fn, the threat of dengue or another arbovirus epidemic is continuously imminent. this study aimed to monitor the denv serotypes i ... | 2016 | 27067800 |
| mosquito vectors and the spread of cancer: an overlooked connection? | mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) represent a key threat for millions of humans and animals worldwide, vectoring important pathogens and parasites, including malaria, dengue, filariasis, and zika virus. besides mosquito-borne diseases, cancers figure among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. it is expected that annual cancer cases will rise from 14 million in 2012 to 22 million within the next two decades. notably, there are few contrasting evidences of the relationship between cancer and m ... | 2016 | 27053131 |
| dengue virus-1 infection did not alter the behavioral response of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to deet. | no licensed vaccine or antiviral drug against dengue virus (denv) is available; therefore, most of the effort to prevent this disease is focused on reducing vector-host interactions. one of the most widely accepted methods of blocking vector-human contact is to use insect repellents to interfere with mosquito host-seeking behavior. some arboviruses can replicate in the nervous system of the vector, raising the concern that arboviral infection may alter the insect behavioral response toward chemi ... | 2016 | 27026163 |
| notes from the field: evidence of zika virus infection in brain and placental tissues from two congenitally infected newborns and two fetal losses--brazil, 2015. | zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that is related to dengue virus and transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti mosquitoes, with humans acting as the principal amplifying host during outbreaks. zika virus was first reported in brazil in may 2015 (1). by february 9, 2016, local transmission of infection had been reported in 26 countries or territories in the americas.* infection is usually asymptomatic, and, when symptoms are present, typically results in mild and self-limited illness with s ... | 2016 | 26890059 |
| the effect of temperature on wolbachia-mediated dengue virus blocking in aedes aegypti. | dengue fever, caused by dengue virus (denv), is endemic in more than 100 countries. the lack of effective treatment of patients and the suboptimal efficacies of the tetravalent vaccine in trials highlight the urgent need to develop alternative strategies to lessen the burden of dengue fever.wolbachia pipientis, an obligate intracellular bacterium, is being developed as a biocontrol strategy against dengue because it limits the replication of the denv in the mosquito vector,aedes aegypti however, ... | 2016 | 26856916 |
| aedes aegypti anti-salivary gland antibody concentration and dengue virus exposure history in healthy individuals living in an endemic area in colombia. | mosquito salivary proteins are able to induce an antibody response that reflects the level of human-vector contact. igg antibodies against dengue virus (denv-igg) are indicators of previous exposure. the risk of denv transmission is not only associated to mosquito or dengue factors, but also to socioeconomic factors that may play an important role in the disease epidemiology. | 2016 | 26844447 |
| human c5a protein participates in the mosquito immune response against dengue virus. | dengue virus (denv) is transmitted by aedes spp mosquitoes during a bloodmeal uptake. the bloodmeal consists of host cells, immune factors, and possibly blood-borne pathogens, such as arboviruses. human cells and immune-related factors, like the complement system, can remain active in the bloodmeal and may be able to interact with pathogens in the mosquito. previous studies have shown that active complement proteins impact plasmodium parasite viability in the anopheles midgut. thus, we investiga ... | 2016 | 26843451 |
| infection of mosquito cells (c6/36) by dengue-2 virus interferes with subsequent infection by yellow fever virus. | dengue is one of the most important diseases caused by arboviruses in the world. yellow fever is another arthropod-borne disease of great importance to public health that is endemic to tropical regions of africa and the americas. both yellow fever and dengue viruses are flaviviruses transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes, and then, it is reasonable to consider that in a given moment, mosquito cells could be coinfected by both viruses. therefore, we decided to evaluate if sequential infections o ... | 2016 | 26808727 |
| natural transmission of dengue virus serotype 3 by aedes albopictus (skuse) during an outbreak in havelock island: entomological characteristics. | from may to june 2014, an outbreak of dengue virus (denv) illness occurred in the havelock island, south andaman. entomological investigations were undertaken during the peak of the outbreak, from 26th may-4th june, to identify the primary vector(s) involved in the transmission so that appropriate public health measures could be implemented. adult mosquitoes were collected by bg-sentinel traps in houses and neighborhoods of clinically ill patients. water holding containers were inspected for the ... | 2016 | 26780552 |
| autophagy and viral diseases transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. | despite a long battle that was started by oswaldo cruz more than a century ago, in 1903, brazil still struggles to fight aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, the mosquito vectors of dengue virus (denv), chikungynya virus (chikv) and zika virus (zikv). dengue fever has been a serious public health problem in brazil for decades, with recurrent epidemic outbreaks occurring during summers. in 2015, until november, 1,534,932 possible cases were reported to the ministry of healthv. more recently, the l ... | 2016 | 26774331 |
| a native wolbachia endosymbiont does not limit dengue virus infection in the mosquito aedes notoscriptus (diptera: culicidae). | the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia pipientis infects many species of insects and has been transinfected into the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.), the primary vector of dengue virus (denv). recently, it has been shown that wolbachia blocks the replication and transmission of rna viruses, such as denv, in a number of mosquito species including ae. aegypti and aedes albopictus (skuse), which is naturally infected with wolbachia and considered a secondary vector for denv. the mosquito species aedes n ... | 2016 | 26721865 |
| dengue protease substrate recognition: binding of the prime side. | dengue virus (denv), transmitted predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions by the mosquito aedes aegypti, infects millions of people and leads to dengue fever and thousands of deaths each year. there are no direct-acting antivirals to combat denv, and molecular and structural knowledge is required to develop such compounds. the dengue ns2b/ns3 protease is a promising target for direct-acting antivirals, as viral polyprotein cleavage during replication is required for the maturation of th ... | 2016 | 27657335 |
| the mysterious zika virus: adding to the tropical flavivirus mayhem. | until now, known as the demure cousin of dengue virus (denv) inhabiting africa, zika virus (zikv) has reinvented itself to cause explosive epidemics captivating the western hemisphere. the outbreak causing potential for zikv was realized when it made its way from africa to yap island micronesia in 2007, and in french polynesia in 2013. from there, it moved on to brazil in 2015. now zikv has infected people in more than 33 countries in central and south america and the caribbean. moreover the epi ... | 2016 | 27652985 |
| presence of aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (linnaeus, 1762) and its natural infection with dengue virus at unrecorded heights in colombia. | aedes aegypti is the main vector of urban yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses. the biogeographical distribution of this species has expanded due to global warming, and socioeconomic and cultural factors. the changes in the altitudinal distribution patterns of this vector and its natural infection are priority fields of research to develop entomological, virological and public health surveillance strategies. | 2016 | 27622492 |
| rise and fall of vector infectivity during sequential strain displacements by mosquito-borne dengue virus. | each of the four serotypes of mosquito-borne dengue virus (denv-1-4) comprises multiple, genetically distinct strains. competitive displacement between strains within a serotype is a common feature of denv epidemiology and can trigger outbreaks of dengue disease. we investigated the mechanisms underlying two sequential displacements by denv-3 strains in sri lanka that each coincided with abrupt increases in dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) incidence. first, the post-dhf strain displaced the pre-d ... | 2016 | 27500505 |
| secreted ns1 protects dengue virus from mannose-binding lectin-mediated neutralization. | flavivirus nonstructural protein 1 (ns1) is a unique secreted nonstructural glycoprotein. although it is absent from the flavivirus virion, intracellular and extracellular forms of ns1 have essential roles in viral replication and the pathogenesis of infection. the fate of ns1 in insect cells has been more controversial, with some reports suggesting it is exclusively cell associated. in this study, we confirm ns1 secretion from cells of insect origin and characterize its physical, biochemical, a ... | 2016 | 27798151 |
| evolutionary potential of the extrinsic incubation period of dengue virus in aedes aegypti. | dengue fever is the most common arboviral disease worldwide. it is caused by dengue viruses (denv) and the mosquito aedes aegypti is its primary vector. one of the most powerful determinants of a mosquito's ability to transmit denv is the length of the extrinsic incubation period (eip), the time it takes for a virus to be transmitted by a mosquito after consuming an infected blood meal. here, we repeatedly measured denv load in the saliva of individual mosquitoes over their lifetime and used thi ... | 2016 | 27530960 |
| non-human primate antibody response to mosquito salivary proteins: implications for dengue virus transmission in puerto rico. | an important step to incriminate a mosquito as a vector of a disease pathogen is finding evidence of direct contact between the mosquito and humans. typically, this is accomplished through landing/biting catches, or host blood meal analysis in engorged mosquitoes via immunologic assays. an alternate approach is to identify the presence of specific mosquito anti-saliva protein antibodies in the blood of exposed hosts. following the discovery of dengue infected, free roaming non-human primates in ... | 2016 | 27593498 |
| [reasons to recommend vaccination against dengue in easter island: immunization advisory committee of sociedad chilena de infectología]. | dengue was first diagnosed on easter island on year 2002 and thereafter recurrent outbreaks have occurred involving different serotypes of dengue virus. its vector, aedes aegypti has not been eliminated despite the small size of the island. conditions at the local hospital preclude adequate management of severe and hemorrhagic cases due to the absence of a critical care unit as well as no availability of platelets, or plasma units for transfusion. besides, transfer, of severely affected patients ... | 2016 | 27905629 |
| dengue: an analysis of epidemiological pattern over a six year period. | dengue is an arboviral infection transmitted among humans by aedes aegypti, the urban vector and aedes albopictus as a maintenance vector in sub-urban and rural areas. the diagnosis is routinely established by detection of ns1 antigen and/or by igm antibodies testing. dengue infects 50-100 million cases per year worldwide with atleast half million serious cases needing hospitalization. therefore, it is necessary to keep the surveillance ongoing to timely look out for changes occurring in disease ... | 2016 | 28208855 |
| bioactivities of a new pyrrolidine alkaloid from the root barks of orixa japonica. | a new pyrrolidine alkaloid named (z)-3-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-one was isolated from the ethanol extract of the root barks of orixa japonica. the structure of the new alkaloid was elucidated on the basis of nmr and ms analysis. the compound exhibited larvicidal activity against the fourth instar larvae of aedes aegypti (lc50 = 232.09 μg/ml), anopheles sinensis (lc50 = 49.91 μg/ml), and culex pipiens pallens (lc50 = 161.10 μg/ml). the new alkaloid also poss ... | 2016 | 27918451 |
| cloning and expressing trypsin modulating oostatic factor in chlorella desiccata to control mosquito larvae. | the insect peptide hormone trypsin modulating oostatic factor (tmof), a decapeptide that is synthesized by the mosquito ovary and controls the translation of the gut's trypsin mrna was cloned and expressed in the marine alga chlorella desiccata. to express aedes aegypti tmof gene (tmfa) in c. desiccata cells, two plasmids (pyes2/tmof and pydb4-tmfa) were engineered with pkylx71 dna (5 kb) carrying the cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) promoter 35s(2) and the kanamycin resistant gene (neo), as well ... | 2016 | 26440910 |
| [pathogenicity of aedes aegypti l. mosquito densonucleosis virus to larvae of other species of blood-sucking mosquitoes]. | laboratory studies established that a. aegypti mosquito virus of densonucleosis was infectious for larvae of a. caspius dorsalis, a. vexans, a. cinereus and c. pipiens pipiens caught in natural water bodies. death rates of aedes and culex larvae experimentally were 46.3% on the average, while in control groups 19.7%. the external appearance of virus-infected larvae and pathological changes in nuclei of the cells of the fat body were identical to those previously described in a. aegypti larvae af ... | 2016 | 1220247 |
| origin of the zika virus revealed: a historical journey across the world. | zika virus (zikv) is an arbovirus within the flaviviridae family, the recent spread of which has promoted public concern. | 2016 | 27650823 |
| impact of autocidal gravid ovitraps on chikungunya virus incidence in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in areas with and without traps. | puerto rico detected the first confirmed case of chikungunya virus (chikv) in may 2014 and the virus rapidly spread throughout the island. the invasion of chikv allowed us to observe aedes aegypti (l.) densities, infection rates, and impact of vector control in urban areas using cdc autocidal gravid ovitraps (ago traps) for mosquito control over several years. because local mosquitoes can only get the virus from infectious residents, detecting the presence of virus in mosquitoes functions as a p ... | 2016 | 28031347 |
| chikungunya in the americas: recommendations and conclusions. | discovered in 1953, chikungunya virus (chikv) circulated in africa and southeast asia, with periodic outbreaks, for many years. highly efficient transmission following a genetic mutation of the virus in 2005 caused its global spread. associated with significant morbidity, chikv creates a large public health burden, and despite various efforts, there are currently no licensed vaccines nor specific treatments. to garner a better understanding of the virus, identify gaps in knowledge, and guide the ... | 2016 | 27920183 |
| bridging the gap between experimental data and model parameterization for chikungunya virus transmission predictions. | chikungunya virus (chikv) has experienced 2 major expansion events in the last decade. the most recently emerged sublineage (ecsa-v) was shown to have increased efficiency in a historically secondary vector, aedes albopictus, leading to speculation that this was a major factor in expansion. subsequently, a number of experimental studies focused on the vector competence of chikv, as well as transmission modeling efforts. mathematical models have used these data to inform their own investigations, ... | 2016 | 27920175 |
| perspectives and challenges in entomological risk assessment and vector control of chikungunya. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is primarily spread by the aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquito vectors. because there is no licensed vaccine for chikv, identifying ways to reduce or eliminate mosquito populations is the most effective strategy to immediately halt transmission to man. strategies to assess the entomological risk and to control the vector are absolutely crucial to demolishing the rise of chikv. this review provides perspectives in entomological risk assessment and vector control, ... | 2016 | 27920174 |
| invasiveness of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus and vectorial capacity for chikungunya virus. | in this review, we highlight biological characteristics of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, 2 invasive mosquito species and primary vectors of chikungunya virus (chikv), that set the tone of these species' invasiveness, vector competence, and vectorial capacity (vc). the invasiveness of both species, as well as their public health threats as vectors, is enhanced by preference for human blood. vector competence, characterized by the efficiency of an ingested arbovirus to replicate and become i ... | 2016 | 27920173 |
| chikungunya: its history in africa and asia and its spread to new regions in 2013-2014. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes and causes febrile illness with severe arthralgia in humans. there are 3 circulating chikv genotypes, asia, east/central/south africa, and west africa. chikv was first reported in 1953 in tanzania, and up until the early 2000s, a few outbreaks and sporadic cases of chikv were mainly reported in africa and asia. however, from 2004 to 2005, a large epidemic spanned from kenya over to the southwestern indian o ... | 2016 | 27920169 |
| indoor development of aedes aegypti in germany, 2016. | in spring 2016, a german traveller returning from martinique cultivated imported plant offsets in her home, and accidentally bred aedes aegypti. thirteen adult mosquito specimens submitted for identification and the traveller were tested for zika, dengue and chikungunya virus infections, with negative results. the detection of ae. aegypti by the 'mueckenatlas' project demonstrates the value of this passive surveillance scheme for potential public health threats posed by invasive mosquitoes in ge ... | 2016 | 27918261 |
| [recommendations for the surveillance of aedes aegypti]. | diseases caused by arboviruses transmitted by aedes aegypti, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika, continue to rise in annual incidence and geographic expansion. a key limitation for achieving control of a. aegypti has been the lack of effective tools for monitoring its population, and thus determine what control measures actually work. surveillance of a. aegypti has been based mainly on immature indexes, but they bear little relation to the number of mosquito females, which are the ones capable ... | 2016 | 27869394 |
| testing of visual and chemical attractants in correlation with the development and field evaluation of an autodissemination station for the suppression of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus in florida. | three exotic mosquito-borne pathogens-dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses-transmitted by aedes albopictus and ae. aegypti have undergone dramatic global expansion in recent years. the control of vector populations and minimizing bites from these vectors are the primary methods of reducing risk of transmission of these viruses to humans. however, ae. albopictus and ae. aegypti are notoriously challenging to control through conventional chemical means, due primarily to difficulties in applying p ... | 2016 | 27802398 |
| knockdown resistance mutations in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from puerto rico. | permethrin resistance is widespread in aedes aegypti (l.), the main dengue, zika, and chikungunya virus vector in latin america and the caribbean. a common mechanism of resistance to pyrethroids-knockdown resistance (kdr)-is conferred through mutations in the insect's voltage-dependent sodium channel. in this mosquito, around 10 replacement substitutions in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (vgsc) have been reported in pyrethroid-resistant strains. two of these mutations, named ile1,016 and ... | 2016 | 27493252 |
| chikugunya and zika virus dissemination in the americas: different arboviruses reflecting the same spreading routes and poor vector-control policies. | this review gathers the most recent investigations about chikungunya and zika viruses in america and would help in creating new research approaches. | 2016 | 27472289 |
| two novel epistatic mutations (e1:k211e and e2:v264a) in structural proteins of chikungunya virus enhance fitness in aedes aegypti. | expansion of chikv outbreaks with appearance of novel mutations are reported from many parts of the world. two novel mutations viz. e1:k211e and e2:v264a in background of e1:226a are recently identified from aedes aegypti dominated areas of india. in this study, the role of these mutations in modulation of infectivity, dissemination and transmission by two different aedes species was studied. mutations were sequentially constructed in chikv genome and female ae. aegypti and aedes albopictus mosq ... | 2016 | 27423270 |
| distribution of aedes mosquitoes in the kilimanjaro region of northern tanzania. | little is known about the presence and distribution of aedes mosquitoes in northern tanzania despite the occurence of viruses transmitted by these mosquitoes such as chikungunya virus (chikv) and dengue virus (denv) in the region. adult and larval mosquitoes were collected from rural and urban settings across a wide range of altitudes in the kilimanjaro region using the mosquito magnet co2 trap for collection of adults and old tires for breeding of larvae. polymerase chain reaction assays were p ... | 2016 | 27376502 |
| evidence for natural vertical transmission of chikungunya viruses in field populations of aedes aegypti in delhi and haryana states in india-a preliminary report. | aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are principal vectors for the transmission of chikungunya virus (chikv). india is a hub for both dengue and chikungunya infections and there are several reports of co-infection of dengue and chikungunya virus in the clinical scenario. the present pilot entomological survey was conducted to evaluate vertical transmission of chikv in aedes field populations. aedes immature (larvae and pupae) collection was done in 2012, over a period of six months from selected s ... | 2016 | 27282096 |
| chikungunya virus infection of aedes mosquitoes. | in vivo infection of mosquitoes is an important method to study and characterize arthropod-borne viruses. chikungunya virus (chikv) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that is transmitted primarily by aedes mosquitoes. in this chapter, we describe a protocol for infection of chikv in two species of aedes mosquitoes, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, together with the isolation of chikv in different parts of the infected mosquito such as midgut, legs, wings, salivary gland, head, and saliva. this al ... | 2016 | 27233266 |
| utilization and assessment of throat swab and urine specimens for diagnosis of chikungunya virus infection. | chikungunya is a mosquito-borne infection with clinical presentation of fever, arthralgia, and rash. the etiological agent chikungunya virus (chikv) is generally transmitted from primates to humans through the bites of infected aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. outbreaks of chikungunya occur commonly with varied morbidity, mortality, and sequele according to the epidemiological, ecological, seasonal, and geographical impact. investigations are required to be conducted as a part of t ... | 2016 | 27233262 |
| reduced incidence of chikungunya virus infection in communities with ongoing aedes aegypti mosquito trap intervention studies - salinas and guayama, puerto rico, november 2015-february 2016. | aedes species mosquitoes transmit chikungunya virus, as well as dengue and zika viruses, and bite most often during the day.* infectious mosquito bites frequently occur in and around homes (1,2). caribbean countries first reported local transmission of chikungunya virus in december 2013, and soon after, chikungunya virus spread throughout the americas (3). puerto rico reported its first laboratory-positive chikungunya case in may 2014 (4), and subsequently identified approximately 29,000 suspect ... | 2016 | 27171600 |
| low seroprevalence indicates vulnerability of eastern and central sudan to infection with chikungunya virus. | outbreaks of infections with chikungunya virus (chikv) have previously been reported from sudan but the prevalence in the general population is unknown. we investigated the seroprevalence of chikv infection in 379 serum samples from patients with fever in the outpatient clinics of three hospitals in eastern and central sudan. the seroprevalence was 1.8%, indicating that chikv infections are rare in these parts of sudan. as the vector aedes aegypti is endemic in this area, the population is at ri ... | 2016 | 26974266 |
| the zika outbreak of the 21st century. | the zika virus outbreak has captivated the attention of the global audience and information has spread rapidly and wildly through the internet and other media channels. this virus was first identified in 1947, when it was isolated from a sentinel rhesus monkey placed by british scientists working at the yellow fever research laboratory located in the zika forest area of uganda, hence its name, and is transmitted primarily by the mosquito vector, aedes aegypti. the fact that the rhesus macaque is ... | 2016 | 26925496 |
| mefenamic acid in combination with ribavirin shows significant effects in reducing chikungunya virus infection in vitro and in vivo. | chikungunya virus (chikv) infection is a persistent problem worldwide due to efficient adaptation of the viral vectors, aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. therefore, the absence of effective anti-chikv drugs to combat chikungunya outbreaks often leads to a significant impact on public health care. in this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of drugs that are used to alleviate infection symptoms, namely, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), on the premise that ... | 2016 | 26794398 |
| evidence of vertical transmission and co-circulation of chikungunya and dengue viruses in field populations of aedes aegypti (l.) from guerrero, mexico. | we report results of the entomo-virological surveillance system in aedes aegypti local populations performed by the ministry of health of guerrero. | 2016 | 26711697 |
| an anti-mosquito mixture for domestic use, combining a fertiliser and a chemical or biological larvicide. | plant saucers are an important larval habitat for aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus in peridomestic situations. because npk fertilisers in plant containers tend to enhance the oviposition of these species, we investigated the effects of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, spinosad, pyriproxyfen and diflubenzuron larvicides in combination with fertiliser on the adult emergence and fecundity of the mosquitoes coming from plant saucers in controlled greenhouse experiments. npk + larvicide (npk- ... | 2016 | 26414239 |
| [development and basic properties of the viral preparation viroden]. | laboratory studies demonstrated the effectiveness of viroden preparation in different doses against preimago stages of aedes aegypti mosquitoes. after treatment of larvae of instar 1 at preimago stages about 77% of the insects died. the preparation is stable on storage and resistant to unfavourable environmental factors: sun radiation, heating, ph variations, without significant loss of activity. the study of the host range of densonucleosis virus, the active principle of the viroden preparation ... | 2016 | 3445591 |
| toxin stability improvement and toxicity increase against dipteran and lepidopteran larvae of bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein cry2aa. | bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxins are the most widely used biopesticides for controlling economically important crop pests and disease vectors. improving their efficacy is of great benefit. here, an improvement in cry2aa δ-endotoxin toxicity was attempted via a cry gene over expression system using p20 from b. thuringiensis israelensis. | 2016 | 26910489 |
| local mosquito-borne transmission of zika virus - miami-dade and broward counties, florida, june-august 2016. | during the first 6 months of 2016, large outbreaks of zika virus disease caused by local mosquito-borne transmission occurred in puerto rico and other u.s. territories, but local mosquito-borne transmission was not identified in the continental united states (1,2). as of july 22, 2016, the florida department of health had identified 321 zika virus disease cases among florida residents and visitors, all occurring in either travelers from other countries or territories with ongoing zika virus tran ... | 2016 | 27684886 |
| one-pot biogenic fabrication of silver nanocrystals using quisqualis indica: effectiveness on malaria and zika virus mosquito vectors, and impact on non-target aquatic organisms. | currently, mosquito vector control is facing a number of key challenges, including the rapid development of resistance to synthetic pesticides and the recent spread of aggressive arbovirus outbreaks. the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) is currently considered an environmental friendly alternative to the employ of pyrethroids, carbamates and microbial agents (e.g. bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis), since agnps are easy to produce, effective and stable in the aquatic environmen ... | 2016 | 27491031 |
| receptors are affected by selection with each bacillus thuringiensis israelensis cry toxin but not with the full bti mixture in aedes aegypti. | bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (bti) toxins are increasingly used for mosquito control, but little is known about the precise mode of action of each of these toxins, and how they interact to kill mosquito larvae. by using rna sequencing, we investigated change in gene transcription level and polymorphism variations associated with resistance to each bti cry toxin and to the full bti toxin mixture in the dengue vector aedes aegypti. the up-regulation of genes related to chitin metabolism in a ... | 2016 | 27418233 |
| the use of aedes aegypti larvae attractants to enhance the effectiveness of larvicides. | aedes aegypti (l.) is an important dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever vector. immature stages of this species inhabit human-made containers placed in residential landscapes, and the application of larvicides inside containers that cannot be eliminated is still considered a priority in control programs. larvicidal efficacy is influenced by several factors, including the formulation used, the water quality, and the susceptibility of larvae, among others. if an attractant can be incorporated int ... | 2016 | 26922177 |
| dibenzo-α-pyrones: a new class of larvicidal metabolites against aedes aegypti from the endophytic fungus hyalodendriella sp. ponipodef12. | in our search for new agrochemicals from endophytic fungi, the crude extract of the endophytic hyalodendriella sp. ponipodef12 associated with the hybrid 'neva' of populus deltoides marsh × p. nigra l. was found to possess larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti. | 2016 | 27862895 |
| identification and characterization of ige-binding tropomyosins in aedes aegypti. | the mosquito aedes aegypti is a potential source of important clinically relevant allergens. however, the allergenicity and cross-reactivity of most of these has not been fully described. | 2016 | 27355916 |
| importance of thr(328) and thr(369) for functional maintenance of two receptor-binding β-hairpins of the bacillus thuringiensis cry4ba toxin: implications for synergistic interactions with cyt2aa2. | bacillus thuringiensis cry4ba mosquito-active toxin was previously shown to utilize two critical loop-residues, tyr(332) and phe(364) which are respectively located in β2-β3 and β4-β5 loops, for synergistic interactions with its alternative receptor-cyt2aa2. here, structural analysis of the cry4ba-receptor-binding domain revealed that its n-terminal subdomain encompasses β2-β3 and β4-β5 hairpins which are stabilized by inter-hairpin hydrogen bonding between thr(328) in β2 and thr(369) in β5. fun ... | 2016 | 26692482 |
| alkaline phosphatases are involved in the response of aedes aegypti larvae to intoxication with bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis cry toxins. | bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) is a natural pathogen of dipterans widely used as a biological insecticide for mosquito control. to characterize the response of mosquitoes to intoxication with bti, the transcriptome profile of bti-exposed susceptible aedes aegypti larvae was analysed using illumina rna-seq. gene expression of 11 alkaline phosphatases (alps) was further investigated by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and alp activity was measured in the susceptibl ... | 2016 | 26663676 |
| [entomological evaluation of the risk of urban outbreak of yellow fever in 2008 in abidjan, côte d'ivoire]. | in april 2008, seven years after the outbreak of 2001, abidjan faced another epidemic of yellow fever. three weeks after the case detected in the commune of treichville at 28(th) of april 2008, two other cases were notified, the first one in port-bouet and the second one in cocody located respectively in the south and north of the city of abidjan. in order to determine a large-scale risk of urban yellow fever epidemic, epidemiological and entomological investigations were conducted by the minist ... | 2016 | 23693032 |
| [ultrastructural alterations in larvae of aedes aegypti subject to labdane diterpene isolated from copaifera reticulata (leguminosae) and a fraction enriched with tannins of magonia pubescens (sapindaceae)]. | dengue is an important public health problem in many countries and its main vector aedes aegypti, is the mosquito most adapted to urban areas. for the first time, the mechanism of action of labdane diterpenoid extracted from copaifera reticulata and the fraction enriched of catechin tannins extracted from magonia pubescens is demonstrated through ultrastructural alterations of aedes aegypti larvae. | 2016 | 21468474 |
| comparative identification of protein profiles and major allergens of saliva, salivary gland and whole body extracts of mosquito species in thailand. | allergic reactions to mosquito bites, such as generalized urticaria or severe local reactions are common problems worldwide. the diverse sources of allergen prepared from different mosquito body parts usage are a major obstacle to obtaining safe and effective tests and immunotherapy for mosquito bite allergy. thus, the reactions are often not recognized and allergen immunotherapy is seldom used for severe reaction to mosquito bites. in a search for appropriate allergen sources, the protein profi ... | 2016 | 21038786 |
| calibration and evaluation of field cage for oviposition study with aedes (stegomyia) aegypti female (l.) (diptera: culicidae). | differences among results gathered from insect behavior studies conducted in laboratory and field situations are due to ambient variables that differ greatly between both environments. in laboratory studies the environmental conditions can be controlled whereas in field temperature, humidity and air velocity vary uncontrollably. the objective of this study was to calibrate and evaluate an experimental area (field cage) (14 x 7 x 3.5 m) subdivided into eight test cages (2.5 x 2.5 x 2 m) for use i ... | 2016 | 18813752 |
| [comprehensive surveillance system for dengue prevention]. | a comprehensive ecosystem approach-based surveillance system was designed and implemented for dengue prevention in cotorro municipality at the city of havana. cuba, geographically situated near those countries with high dengue incidence, and having a preventive approach as a premise of its public healthcare system, has to adopt measures to prevent new dengue epidemics. the environmental, entomological and clinical/epidemiological elements of the surveillance system were integrated and combined w ... | 2016 | 23427456 |
| [persistence and efficacy of growth regulator pyriproxyfen in laboratory conditions for aedes aegypti]. | the persistence and efficacy of growth regulator pyriproxyfen were evaluated in two final concentrations 0.01 and 0.05 ppm against aedes aegypti larvae in laboratory conditions using three types of containers: cement box (45 liters), glass bottle (5 liters) and plastic bucket (20 liters). the tests were carried after 1, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 days of treatment against aedes aegypti larvae 3rd and 4th instar. the percentages of larvae, pupae and adult mortality, the percentage of adult eme ... | 2016 | 16501771 |
| how social structures, space, and behaviors shape the spread of infectious diseases using chikungunya as a case study. | whether an individual becomes infected in an infectious disease outbreak depends on many interconnected risk factors, which may relate to characteristics of the individual (e.g., age, sex), his or her close relatives (e.g., household members), or the wider community. studies monitoring individuals in households or schools have helped elucidate the determinants of transmission in small social structures due to advances in statistical modeling; but such an approach has so far largely failed to con ... | 2016 | 27821727 |
| the epidemiological characteristics and dynamic transmission of dengue in china, 2013. | there was a dengue epidemic in several regions of china in 2013. no study has explored the dynamics of dengue transmission between different geographical locations with dengue outbreaks in china. the purpose of the study is to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and to explore the dynamic transmission of dengue in china, 2013. | 2016 | 27820815 |
| a cluster-randomized controlled trial to reduce diarrheal disease and dengue entomological risk factors in rural primary schools in colombia. | as many neglected tropical diseases are co-endemic and have common risk factors, integrated control can efficiently reduce disease burden and relieve resource-strained public health budgets. diarrheal diseases and dengue fever are major global health problems sharing common risk factors in water storage containers. where provision of clean water is inadequate, water storage is crucial. fecal contamination of stored water is a common source of diarrheal illness, but stored water also provides bre ... | 2016 | 27820821 |
| talen-mediated knock-in via non-homologous end joining in the crustacean daphnia magna. | transcription activator-like effector nucleases (talens) are versatile tools that enable the insertion of dna into different organisms. here, we confirmed talen-mediated knock-in via non-homologous end joining in the crustacean daphnia magna, a model organism for ecological and toxicological genomics. we tested two different talens, ey1 talen and ey2 talen, both of which target the eyeless locus. the donor dna plasmid, harbouring the h2b-gfp reporter gene, was designed to contain both talen targ ... | 2016 | 27819301 |
| oral delivery of dsrna by microbes: beyond pest control. | rna interference (rnai) by oral delivery of dsrna in insects has great potential as a tool for integrated pest management (ipm), especially with respect to addressing the need to reduce off-target effect and slow down resistance development to chemical insecticides. employing the natural association existing between insect and yeast, we developed a novel method to enable the knock down of vital genes in the pest insect drosophila suzukii through oral delivery of species-specific dsrna using gene ... | 2016 | 28042376 |
| host plant affects morphometric variation of diaphorina citri (hemiptera: liviidae). | the asian citrus psyllid (acp), diaphorina citri kuwayama, is one of the most serious citrus pests worldwide due to its role as vector of huanglongbing or citrus greening disease. while some optimal plant species for acp oviposition and development have been identified, little is known of the influence of host plants on acp size and shape. our goal was to determine how size and shape of acp wing and body size varies when development occurs on different host plants in a controlled rearing environ ... | 2016 | 27833820 |
| recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid detection of lumpy skin disease virus. | lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) is a capripoxvirus infecting cattle and buffalos. lumpy skin disease (lsd) leads to significant economic losses due to hide damage, reduction of milk production, mastitis, infertility and mortalities (10 %). early detection of the virus is crucial to start appropriate outbreak control measures. veterinarians rely on the presence of the characteristic clinical signs of lsd. laboratory diagnostics including virus isolation, sequencing and real-time polymerase chain ... | 2016 | 27806722 |
| genome-wide analysis of differentially expressed microrna in bombyx mori infected with nucleopolyhedrosis virus. | bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrosis virus (bmnpv) is a major pathogen that threatens the growth and sustainability of the sericulture industry. since micrornas (mirnas) have been shown to play important roles in host-pathogen interactions, in this study we investigated the effects of bmnpv infection on silkworm micrornas expression profile. to achieve this, we constructed and deep-sequenced two small rna libraries generated from bmnpv infected and un-infected larvae. the results revealed that 38 silk ... | 2016 | 27806111 |
| the seminal fluid proteome of the polyandrous red junglefowl offers insights into the molecular basis of fertility, reproductive ageing and domestication. | seminal fluid proteins (sfps) are emerging as fundamental contributors to sexual selection given their role in post-mating reproductive events, particularly in polyandrous species where the ejaculates of different males compete for fertilisation. sfp identification however remains taxonomically limited and little is known about avian sfps, despite extensive work on sexual selection in birds. we characterize the sf proteome of the polyandrous red junglefowl, gallus gallus, the wild species that g ... | 2016 | 27804984 |
| turmeric powder and its derivatives from curcuma longa rhizomes: insecticidal effects on cabbage looper and the role of synergists. | curcuma longa has well-known insecticidal and repellent effects on insect pests, but its impact on trichoplusia ni is unknown. in this study, the compound ar-turmerone, extracted and purified from c. longa rhizomes, was identified, and its insecticidal effects, along with turmeric powder, curcuminoid pigments and crude essential oil were evaluated against this important agricultural pest. the role of natural (sesamol and piperonal) and synthetic [piperonyl butoxide (pbo)] synergists under labora ... | 2016 | 27804972 |
| sodium channel mutations and pyrethroid resistance in aedes aegypti. | pyrethroid insecticides are widely used to control insect pests and human disease vectors. voltage-gated sodium channels are the primary targets of pyrethroid insecticides. mutations in the sodium channel have been shown to be responsible for pyrethroid resistance, known as knockdown resistance (kdr), in various insects including mosquitoes. in aedes aegypti mosquitoes, the principal urban vectors of dengue, zika, and yellow fever viruses, multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms in the sodium c ... | 2016 | 27809228 |
| filarial infection influences mosquito behaviour and fecundity. | understanding vector-parasite interactions is increasingly important as we move towards the endpoint goals set by the global programme for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (gpelf), as interaction dynamics may change with reduced transmission pressure. elimination models used to predict programmatic endpoints include parameters for vector-specific transmission dynamics, despite the fact that our knowledge of the host-seeking behaviour of filariasis infected mosquitoes is lacking. we observ ... | 2016 | 27796352 |
| cgdb: a database of circadian genes in eukaryotes. | we report a database of circadian genes in eukaryotes (cgdb, http://cgdb.biocuckoo.org), containing ∼73 000 circadian-related genes in 68 animals, 39 plants and 41 fungi. circadian rhythm is ∼24 h rhythm in behavioral and physiological processes that exists in almost all organisms on the earth. defects in the circadian system are highly associated with a number of diseases such as cancers. although several databases have been established for rhythmically expressed genes, a comprehensive database ... | 2016 | 27789706 |
| conserved chemosensory proteins in the proboscis and eyes of lepidoptera. | odorant-binding proteins (obps) and chemosensory proteins (csps) are endowed with several different functions besides being carriers for pheromones and odorants. based on a previous report of a csp acting as surfactant in the proboscis of the moth helicoverpa armigera, we revealed the presence of orthologue proteins in two other moths plutella xylostella and chilo suppressalis, as well as two butterflies papilio machaon and pieris rapae, using immunodetection and proteomic analysis. the unusual ... | 2016 | 27877091 |
| juvenile hormone regulation of female reproduction in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius. | to begin studies on reproduction in common bed bug, cimex lectularius, we identified three genes coding for vitellogenin (vg, a protein required for the reproductive success of insects) and studied their hormonal regulation. rna interference studied showed that expression of vg3 gene in the adult females is a prerequisite for successful completion of embryogenesis in the eggs laid by them. juvenile hormone (jh) receptor, methoprene-tolerant (met), steroid receptor coactivator (src) and gataa but ... | 2016 | 27762340 |
| rna interference in moths: mechanisms, applications, and progress. | the vast majority of lepidopterans, about 90%, are moths. some moths, particularly their caterpillars, are major agricultural and forestry pests in many parts of the world. however, some other members of moths, such as the silkworm bombyx mori, are famous for their economic value. fire et al. in 1998 initially found that exogenous double-stranded rna (dsrna) can silence the homolog endogenous mrna in organisms, which is called rna interference (rnai). soon after, the rnai technique proved to be ... | 2016 | 27775569 |
| identification of aedes aegypti long intergenic non-coding rnas and their association with wolbachia and dengue virus infection. | long intergenic non-coding rnas (lincrnas) are appearing as an important class of regulatory rnas with a variety of biological functions. the aim of this study was to identify the lincrna profile in the dengue vector aedes aegypti and evaluate their potential role in host-pathogen interaction. the majority of previous rna-seq transcriptome studies in ae. aegypti have focused on the expression pattern of annotated protein coding genes under different biological conditions. here, we used 35 public ... | 2016 | 27760142 |
| open questions: how does wolbachia do what it does? | a common symbiont of insects, the bacterium wolbachia has been implicated in phenomena as diverse as sex determination, pathogen defence and speciation and is being used in public health programs to prevent mosquitoes transmitting disease. despite decades of research, we know remarkably little about how it exerts its effects. | 2016 | 27760540 |
| perplexing metabolomes in fungal-insect trophic interactions: a terra incognita of mycobiocontrol mechanisms. | the trophic interactions of entomopathogenic fungi in different ecological niches viz., soil, plants, or insect themselves are effectively regulated by their maneuvered metabolomes and the plethora of metabotypes. in this article, we discuss a holistic framework of co-evolutionary metabolomes and metabotypes to model the interactions of biocontrol fungi especially with mycosed insects. conventionally, the studies involving fungal biocontrol mechanisms are reported in the context of much aggrandi ... | 2016 | 27807434 |
| cloning and expression of ecdysone receptor and retinoid x receptor from procambarus clarkii: induction by eyestalk ablation. | ecdysone receptor and retinoid x receptor are key regulators in molting. here, full length ecdysone receptor (pcecr) and retinoid x receptor (pcrxr) cdnas from procambarus clarkii were cloned. full length cdna of pcecr has 2500 bp, encoding 576 amino acid proteins, and full length cdna of pcrxr has 2593 bp, in which a 15 bp and a 204 bp insert/deletion splice variant regions in dna binding domain and hinge domain were identified. the two splice variant regions in pcrxr result four isoforms: pcrx ... | 2016 | 27763563 |
| morphological and transcriptomic analysis of a beetle chemosensory system reveals a gnathal olfactory center. | the red flour beetle tribolium castaneum is an emerging insect model organism representing the largest insect order, coleoptera, which encompasses several serious agricultural and forest pests. despite the ecological and economic importance of beetles, most insect olfaction studies have so far focused on dipteran, lepidopteran, or hymenopteran systems. | 2016 | 27751175 |
| bacillus thuringiensis cyt2aa2 toxin disrupts cell membranes by forming large protein aggregates. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cyt2aa2 showed toxicity against dipteran insect larvae and in vitro lysis activity on several cells. it has potential applications in the biological control of insect larvae. although pore-forming and/or detergent-like mechanisms were proposed, the mechanism underlying cytolytic activity remains unclear. analysis of the haemolytic activity of cyt2aa2 with osmotic stabilizers revealed partial toxin inhibition, suggesting a distinctive mechanism from the putative pore f ... | 2016 | 27612497 |
| haemocoel injection of pira1b1 to galleria mellonella larvae leads to disruption of the haemocyte immune functions. | the bacterium photorhabdus luminescens produces a number of insecticidal proteins to kill its larval prey. in this study, we cloned the gene coding for a binary toxin pira1b1 and purified the recombinant protein using affinity chromatography combined with desalination technology. furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the recombinant protein against the haemocytes of galleria mellonella larvae was investigated. we found that the protein had haemocoel insecticidal activity against g. mellonella with an ... | 2016 | 27734915 |
| time-lagging interplay effect and excess risk of meteorological/mosquito parameters and petrochemical gas explosion on dengue incidence. | in kaohsiung, a metropolitan city in taiwan at high risk of dengue epidemic, weather factors combined with an accidental petrochemical gas explosion (pge) may affect mosquito‒human dynamics in 2014. generalized estimating equations with lagged-time poisson regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of meteorological/mosquito parameters and pge on dengue incidences (2000-2014) in kaohsiung. increased minimum temperatures rendered a 2- and 3-month lagging interactive effect on higher den ... | 2016 | 27733774 |
| expanding the knowledge on lignocellulolytic and redox enzymes of worker and soldier castes from the lower termite coptotermes gestroi. | termites are considered one of the most efficient decomposers of lignocelluloses on earth due to their ability to produce, along with its microbial symbionts, a repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes (cazymes). recently, a set of pro-oxidant, antioxidant, and detoxification enzymes (pad) were also correlated with the metabolism of carbohydrates and lignin in termites. the lower termite coptotermes gestroi is considered the main urban pest in brazil, causing damage to wood constructions. recen ... | 2016 | 27790186 |
| effects of a novel β-lapachone derivative on trypanosoma cruzi: parasite death involving apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis. | natural products comprise valuable sources for new antiparasitic drugs. here we tested the effects of a novel β-lapachone derivative on trypanosoma cruzi parasite survival and proliferation and used microscopy and cytometry techniques to approach the mechanism(s) underlying parasite death. the selectivity index determination indicate that the compound trypanocidal activity was over ten-fold more cytotoxic to epimastigotes than to macrophages or splenocytes. scanning electron microscopy analysis ... | 2016 | 27770751 |
| eukaryotic association module in phage wo genomes from wolbachia. | viruses are trifurcated into eukaryotic, archaeal and bacterial categories. this domain-specific ecology underscores why eukaryotic viruses typically co-opt eukaryotic genes and bacteriophages commonly harbour bacterial genes. however, the presence of bacteriophages in obligate intracellular bacteria of eukaryotes may promote dna transfers between eukaryotes and bacteriophages. here we report a metagenomic analysis of purified bacteriophage wo particles of wolbachia and uncover a eukaryotic asso ... | 2016 | 27727237 |
| infection with plasmodium berghei ookinetes alters protein expression in the brain of anopheles albimanus mosquitoes. | the behaviour of anopheles spp. mosquitoes, vectors for plasmodium parasites, plays a crucial role in the propagation of malaria to humans. consequently, it is important to understand how the behaviour of these mosquitoes is influenced by the interaction between the brain and immunological status. the nervous system is intimately linked to the immune and endocrine systems. there is evidence that the malaria parasite alters the function of these systems upon infecting the mosquito. although there ... | 2016 | 27724938 |
| darwin's finches treat their feathers with a natural repellent. | darwin's finches are highly innovative. recently we recorded for the first time a behavioural innovation in darwin's finches outside the foraging context: individuals of four species rubbed leaves of the endemic tree psidium galapageium on their feathers. we hypothesised that this behaviour serves to repel ectoparasites and tested the repellency of p. galapageium leaf extracts against parasites that negatively affect the fitness of darwin's finches, namely mosquitoes and the invasive hematophago ... | 2016 | 27721475 |