Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| analysis of protein composition and bioactivity of neoponera villosa venom (hymenoptera: formicidae). | ants cause a series of accidents involving humans. such accidents generate different reactions in the body, ranging from a mild irritation at the bite site to anaphylactic shock, and these reactions depend on the mechanism of action of the venom. the study of animal venom is a science known as venomics. through venomics, the composition of the venom of several ant species has already been characterized and their biological activities described. thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pro ... | 2016 | 27110765 |
| tiger mosquito - generated devastation in the biosphere!!! | 2016 | 27041891 | |
| use of a probabilistic motif search to identify histidine phosphotransfer domain-containing proteins. | the wealth of newly obtained proteomic information affords researchers the possibility of searching for proteins of a given structure or function. here we describe a general method for the detection of a protein domain of interest in any species for which a complete proteome exists. in particular, we apply this approach to identify histidine phosphotransfer (hpt) domain-containing proteins across a range of eukaryotic species. from the sequences of known hpt domains, we created an amino acid occ ... | 2016 | 26751210 |
| design and testing of novel lethal ovitrap to reduce populations of aedes mosquitoes: community-based participatory research between industry, academia and communities in peru and thailand. | dengue virus (and chikungunya and zika viruses) is transmitted by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes and causes considerable human morbidity and mortality. as there is currently no vaccine or chemoprophylaxis to protect people from dengue virus infection, vector control is the only viable option for disease prevention. the purpose of this paper is to illustrate the design and placement process for an attractive lethal ovitrap to reduce vector populations and to describe lessons learne ... | 2016 | 27532497 |
| the sandfly lutzomyia longipalpis ll5 embryonic cell line has active toll and imd pathways and shows immune responses to bacteria, yeast and leishmania. | lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in latin america. sandfly immune responses are poorly understood. in previous work we showed that these vector insects respond to bacterial infections by modulating a defensin gene expression and activate the imd pathway in response to leishmania infection. aspects of innate immune pathways in insects (including mosquito vectors of human diseases) have been revealed by studying insect cell lines, and we have previously demonstrat ... | 2016 | 27098567 |
| emerging role of lipid droplets in aedes aegypti immune response against bacteria and dengue virus. | in mammals, lipid droplets (lds) are ubiquitous organelles that modulate immune and inflammatory responses through the production of lipid mediators. in insects, it is unknown whether lds play any role during the development of immune responses. we show that aedes aegypti aag2 cells - an immune responsive cell lineage - accumulates lds when challenged with enterobacter cloacae, sindbis, and dengue viruses. microarray analysis of aag2 challenged with e.cloacae or infected with dengue virus reveal ... | 2016 | 26887863 |
| identification of abcc2 as a binding protein of cry1ac on brush border membrane vesicles from helicoverpa armigera by an improved pull-down assay. | cry1ac toxin-binding proteins from helicoverpa armigera brush border membrane vesicles were identified by an improved pull-down method that involves coupling cry1ac to cnbr agarose combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms). according to the lc-ms/ms results, cry1ac toxin could bind to six classes of aminopeptidase-n, alkaline phosphatase, cadherin-like protein, atp-binding cassette transporter subfamily c protein (abcc2), actin, atpase, polycalin, and some other pro ... | 2016 | 27037552 |
| unique features of a global human ectoparasite identified through sequencing of the bed bug genome. | the bed bug, cimex lectularius, has re-established itself as a ubiquitous human ectoparasite throughout much of the world during the past two decades. this global resurgence is likely linked to increased international travel and commerce in addition to widespread insecticide resistance. analyses of the c. lectularius sequenced genome (650 mb) and 14,220 predicted protein-coding genes provide a comprehensive representation of genes that are linked to traumatic insemination, a reduced chemosensory ... | 2016 | 26836814 |
| mosquito-transmitted viruses - the great brazilian challenge. | arboviruses pose a serious threat to public health worldwide, overloading the healthcare system and causing economic losses. these viruses form a very diverse group, and in brazil, arboviruses belonging to the families flaviviridae and togaviridae are predominant. unfortunately, the number of arboviruses increases in proportion with factors such as deforestation, poor sanitation, climate changes, and introduction of new viruses like chikungunya virus and zika virus. in brazil, dengue is endemic, ... | 2016 | 27818091 |
| the viral capping enzyme nsp1: a novel target for the inhibition of chikungunya virus infection. | the chikungunya virus (chikv) has become a substantial global health threat due to its massive re-emergence, the considerable disease burden and the lack of vaccines or therapeutics. we discovered a novel class of small molecules ([1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-7(6h)-ones) with potent in vitro activity against chikv isolates from different geographical regions. drug-resistant variants were selected and these carried a p34s substitution in non-structural protein 1 (nsp1), the main enzyme involve ... | 2016 | 27545976 |
| mosquito communities and disease risk influenced by land use change and seasonality in the australian tropics. | anthropogenic land use changes have contributed considerably to the rise of emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne diseases. these diseases appear to be increasing as a result of the novel juxtapositions of habitats and species that can result in new interchanges of vectors, diseases and hosts. we studied whether the mosquito community structure varied between habitats and seasons and whether known disease vectors displayed habitat preferences in tropical australia. | 2016 | 27388293 |
| alphavirus infection: host cell shut-off and inhibition of antiviral responses. | alphaviruses cause debilitating disease in humans and animals and are transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods, typically mosquitoes. with a traditional focus on two models, sindbis virus and semliki forest virus, alphavirus research has significantly intensified in the last decade partly due to the re-emergence and dramatic expansion of chikungunya virus in asia, europe, and the americas. as a consequence, alphavirus-host interactions are now understood in much more molecular detail, and importa ... | 2016 | 27294951 |
| wolbachia biocontrol strategies for arboviral diseases and the potential influence of resident wolbachia strains in mosquitoes. | arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes are a major cause of human disease worldwide. the absence of vaccines and effective vector control strategies has resulted in the need for novel mosquito control strategies. the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia has been proposed to form the basis for an effective mosquito biocontrol strategy. resident strains of wolbachia inhibit viral replication in drosophila fruit flies and induce a reproductive phenotype known as cytoplasmic incompatibility that allows ... | 2016 | 26925368 |
| the insect-specific palm creek virus modulates west nile virus infection in and transmission by australian mosquitoes. | insect-specific viruses do not replicate in vertebrate cells, but persist in mosquito populations and are highly prevalent in nature. these viruses may naturally regulate the transmission of pathogenic vertebrate-infecting arboviruses in co-infected mosquitoes. following the isolation of the first australian insect-specific flavivirus (isf), palm creek virus (pcv), we investigated routes of infection and transmission of this virus in key australian arbovirus vectors and its impact on replication ... | 2016 | 27457250 |
| development and validation of a quantitative, one-step, multiplex, real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay for detection of dengue and chikungunya viruses. | dengue virus (denv) and chikungunya virus (chikv) are important human pathogens with common transmission vectors and similar clinical presentations. patient care may be impacted by the misdiagnosis of denv and chikv in areas where both viruses cocirculate. in this study, we have developed and validated a one-step multiplex reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) to simultaneously detect, quantify, and differentiate between four denv serotypes (pan-denv) and chikungunya virus. the assay uses taqman te ... | 2016 | 27098955 |
| vector competence of aedes aegypti and aedes polynesiensis populations from french polynesia for chikungunya virus. | from october 2014 to march 2015, french polynesia experienced for the first time a chikungunya outbreak. two aedes mosquitoes may have contributed to chikungunya virus (chikv) transmission in french polynesia: the worldwide distributed ae. aegypti and the polynesian islands-endemic ae. polynesiensis mosquito. | 2016 | 27144888 |
| vertical transmission of indian ocean lineage of chikungunya virus in aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes. | the re-emergence of chikungunya (chik) fever in thailand has been caused by a novel lineage of chikungunya virus (chikv) termed the indian ocean lineage (iol). the aedes albopictus mosquito is thought to be a primary vector of chik fever in thailand, whereas ae. aegypti acts as a secondary vector of the virus. the vertical transmission is believed to be a primary means to maintain chikv in nature and may be associated with an increased risk of outbreak. therefore, the goal of this study was to a ... | 2016 | 27108077 |
| membrane feeding of dengue patient's blood as a substitute for direct skin feeding in studying aedes-dengue virus interaction. | understanding the interaction between aedes vectors and dengue viruses (denv) has significant implications in determining the transmission dynamics of dengue. the absence of an animal model and ethical concerns regarding direct feeding of mosquitoes on patients has resulted in most infection studies using blood meals spiked with laboratory-cultured denv. data obtained from such studies may not reflect the natural human-mosquito transmission scenario. this study explored the potential of using me ... | 2016 | 27083158 |
| an updated checklist of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) from madagascar. | an updated checklist of 235 mosquito species from madagascar is presented. the number of species has increased considerably compared to previous checklists, particularly the last published in 2003 (178 species). this annotated checklist provides concise information on endemism, taxonomic position, developmental stages, larval habitats, distribution, behavior, and vector-borne diseases potentially transmitted. the 235 species belong to 14 genera: aedeomyia (3 species), aedes (35 species), anophel ... | 2016 | 27101839 |
| viral metagenomics on blood-feeding arthropods as a tool for human disease surveillance. | surveillance and monitoring of viral pathogens circulating in humans and wildlife, together with the identification of emerging infectious diseases (eids), are critical for the prediction of future disease outbreaks and epidemics at an early stage. it is advisable to sample a broad range of vertebrates and invertebrates at different temporospatial levels on a regular basis to detect possible candidate viruses at their natural source. however, virus surveillance systems can be expensive, costly i ... | 2016 | 27775568 |
| zika virus strains potentially display different infectious profiles in human neural cells. | the recent zika virus (zikv) epidemic has highlighted the poor knowledge on its physiopathology. recent studies showed that zikv of the asian lineage, responsible for this international outbreak, causes neuropathology in vitro and in vivo. however, two african lineages exist and the virus is currently found circulating in africa. the original african strain was also suggested to be neurovirulent but its laboratory usage has been criticized due to its multiple passages. in this study, we compared ... | 2016 | 27688094 |
| pirna pathway is not required for antiviral defense in drosophila melanogaster. | since its discovery, rna interference has been identified as involved in many different cellular processes, and as a natural antiviral response in plants, nematodes, and insects. in insects, the small interfering rna (sirna) pathway is the major antiviral response. in recent years, the piwi-interacting rna (pirna) pathway also has been implicated in antiviral defense in mosquitoes infected with arboviruses. using drosophila melanogaster and an array of viruses that infect the fruit fly acutely o ... | 2016 | 27357659 |
| wolbachia blocks viral genome replication early in infection without a transcriptional response by the endosymbiont or host small rna pathways. | the intracellular endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia can protect insects against viral infection, and is being introduced into mosquito populations in the wild to block the transmission of arboviruses that infect humans and are a major public health concern. to investigate the mechanisms underlying this antiviral protection, we have developed a new model system combining wolbachia-infected drosophila melanogaster cell culture with the model mosquito-borne semliki forest virus (sfv; togaviridae, a ... | 2016 | 27089431 |
| yellow fever virus capsid protein is a potent suppressor of rna silencing that binds double-stranded rna. | mosquito-borne flaviviruses, including yellow fever virus (yfv), zika virus (zikv), and west nile virus (wnv), profoundly affect human health. the successful transmission of these viruses to a human host depends on the pathogen's ability to overcome a potentially sterilizing immune response in the vector mosquito. similar to other invertebrate animals and plants, the mosquito's rna silencing pathway comprises its primary antiviral defense. although a diverse range of plant and insect viruses has ... | 2016 | 27849599 |
| genome investigations of vector competence in aedes aegypti to inform novel arbovirus disease control approaches. | dengue (denv), yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika virus transmission to humans by a mosquito host is confounded by both intrinsic and extrinsic variables. besides virulence factors of the individual arboviruses, likelihood of virus transmission is subject to variability in the genome of the primary mosquito vector, aedes aegypti. the "vectorial capacity" of a. aegypti varies depending upon its density, biting rate, and survival rate, as well as its intrinsic ability to acquire, host and transmi ... | 2016 | 27809220 |
| climate change influences on the global potential distribution of the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus, vector of west nile virus and lymphatic filariasis. | rapid emergence of most vector-borne diseases (vbds) may be associated with range expansion of vector populations. culex quinquefasciatus say 1823 is a potential vector of west nile virus, saint louis encephalitis virus, and lymphatic filariasis. we estimated the potential distribution of cx. quinquefasciatus under both current and future climate conditions. the present potential distribution of cx. quinquefasciatus showed high suitability across low-latitude parts of the world, reflecting the c ... | 2016 | 27695107 |
| morphological abnormalities and cell death in the asian citrus psyllid (diaphorina citri) midgut associated with candidatus liberibacter asiaticus. | candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (clas) is a phloem-limited, gram-negative, fastidious bacterium that is associated with the development of citrus greening disease, also known as huanglongbing (hlb). clas is transmitted by the asian citrus psyllid (acp) diaphorina citri, in a circulative manner. two major barriers to transmission within the insect are the midgut and the salivary glands. we performed a thorough microscopic analysis within the insect midgut following exposure to clas-infected cit ... | 2016 | 27630042 |
| the strica homolog aacasps16 is involved in apoptosis in the yellow fever vector, aedes albopictus. | caspases are a family of cysteine proteases playing essential roles during apoptosis. seven caspases identified in drosophila were dronc, dredd, strica, dcp-1, decay, drice and damm. among them, strica is an insect-specific caspase containing a long serine- and threonine- rich prodomain, of which function is not yet well studied. here we identified a homolog of strica from aedes albopictus, named as aacasps16. aacasps16 encoded a protein containing a putative serine- and threonine-rich prodomain ... | 2016 | 27351972 |
| mosquito saliva increases endothelial permeability in the skin, immune cell migration, and dengue pathogenesis during antibody-dependent enhancement. | dengue remains the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral disease in humans. while probing for blood vessels, aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes transmit the four serotypes of dengue virus (denv1-4) by injecting virus-containing saliva into the skin. even though arthropod saliva is known to facilitate transmission and modulate host responses to other pathogens, the full impact of mosquito saliva on dengue pathogenesis is still not well understood. inoculating mice lacking the interferon-α ... | 2016 | 27310141 |
| a glance at subgenomic flavivirus rnas and micrornas in flavivirus infections. | the family flaviviridae comprises a wide variety of viruses that are distributed worldwide, some of which are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. there are neither vaccines nor antivirals for most flavivirus infections, reinforcing the importance of research on different aspects of the viral life cycle. during infection, cytoplasmic accumulation of rna fragments mainly originating from the 3' utrs, which have been designated subgenomic flavivirus rnas (sfrnas), has been detect ... | 2016 | 27233361 |
| infection pattern and transmission potential of chikungunya virus in two new world laboratory-adapted aedes aegypti strains. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is an emerging mosquito-borne virus belonging to the togaviridae, which is transmitted to humans by aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus. we describe the infection pattern of chikv in two new world ae. aegypti strains, hwe and orl. both mosquito strains were susceptible to the virus but showed different infection patterns in midguts and salivary glands. even though acquisition of a bloodmeal showed moderate levels of apoptosis in midgut tissue, there was no obvious addition ... | 2016 | 27102548 |
| endogenously-expressed nh2-terminus of circumsporozoite protein interferes with sporozoite invasion of mosquito salivary glands. | the circumsporozoite protein is the most abundant polypeptide expressed by sporozoites, the malaria parasite stage capable of infecting humans. sporozoite invasion of mosquito salivary glands prior to transmission is likely mediated by a receptor/ligand-like interaction of the parasites with the target tissues, and the amino (nh2)-terminal portion of csp is involved in this interaction but not the tsr region on the carboxyl (c)-terminus. peptides based on the nh2-terminal domain could compete wi ... | 2016 | 26964736 |
| genomic approaches for understanding dengue: insights from the virus, vector, and host. | the incidence and geographic range of dengue have increased dramatically in recent decades. climate change, rapid urbanization and increased global travel have facilitated the spread of both efficient mosquito vectors and the four dengue virus serotypes between population centers. at the same time, significant advances in genomics approaches have provided insights into host-pathogen interactions, immunogenetics, and viral evolution in both humans and mosquitoes. here, we review these advances an ... | 2016 | 26931545 |
| small rna profiling in dengue virus 2-infected aedes mosquito cells reveals viral pirnas and novel host mirnas. | in aedes mosquitoes, infections with arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) trigger or modulate the expression of various classes of viral and host-derived small rnas, including small interfering rnas (sirnas), piwi interacting rnas (pirnas), and micrornas (mirnas). viral sirnas are at the core of the antiviral rna interference machinery, one of the key pathways that limit virus replication in invertebrates. besides sirnas, aedes mosquitoes and cells derived from these insects produce arbovirus-d ... | 2016 | 26914027 |
| transstadial effects of bti on traits of aedes aegypti and infection with dengue virus. | most mosquito control efforts are primarily focused on reducing the adult population size mediated by reductions in the larval population, which should lower risk of disease transmission. although the aim of larviciding is to reduce larval abundance and thus recruitment of adults, nonlethal effects on adults are possible, including transstadial effects on phenotypes of adults such as survival and pathogen infection and transmission. in addition, the mortality induced by control efforts may act i ... | 2016 | 26871951 |
| inhibition of chikungunya virus replication by 1-[(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl) methyl]-2-oxo-indolin-3-ylidene] amino] thiourea(mbzm-n-ibt). | chikungunya virus (chikv) infection is one of the most challenging human arboviral infections with global significance and without any specific antiviral. in this investigation, 1-[(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl) methyl]-2-oxo-indolin-3-ylidene] amino] thiourea (mbzm-n-ibt) was synthesised as a molecular hybrid of 2-methyl benzimidazole and isatin-β-thiosemicarbazone and its anti-chikv property was evaluated. the release of infectious virus particles was calculated by plaque assay, expression profil ... | 2016 | 26843462 |
| apoptosis, autophagy and unfolded protein response pathways in arbovirus replication and pathogenesis. | arboviruses are pathogens that widely affect the health of people in different communities around the world. recently, a few successful approaches toward production of effective vaccines against some of these pathogens have been developed, but treatment and prevention of the resulting diseases remain a major health and research concern. the arbovirus infection and replication processes are complex, and many factors are involved in their regulation. apoptosis, autophagy and the unfolded protein r ... | 2016 | 26781343 |
| rapid detection strategies for the global threat of zika virus: current state, new hypotheses, and limitations. | the current scenario regarding the widespread zika virus (zikv) has resulted in numerous diagnostic studies, specifically in south america and in locations where there is frequent entry of travelers returning from zikv-affected areas, including pregnant women with or without clinical symptoms of zikv infection. the world health organization, who, announced that millions of cases of zikv are likely to occur in the usa in the near future. this situation has created an alarming public health emerge ... | 2016 | 27822207 |
| characterization of a novel murine model to study zika virus. | the mosquito-borne zika virus (zikv) is responsible for an explosive ongoing outbreak of febrile illness across the americas. zikv was previously thought to cause only a mild, flu-like illness, but during the current outbreak, an association with guillain-barré syndrome and microcephaly in neonates has been detected. a previous study showed that zikv requires murine adaptation to generate reproducible murine disease. in our study, a low-passage cambodian isolate caused disease and mortality in m ... | 2016 | 27022155 |
| epidemiology of emergent madariaga encephalitis in a region with endemic venezuelan equine encephalitis: initial host studies and human cross-sectional study in darien, panama. | neurotropic arboviral infections are an important cause of encephalitis. a zoonotic, vector-borne alphavirus, madariaga virus (madv; formerly known as south american eastern equine encephalitis virus), caused its first documented human outbreak in 2010 in darien, panama, where the genetically similar venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (veev) is endemic. we report the results of a seroprevalence survey of animals and humans, illustrating contrasting features of madv and veev ecology and epidemi ... | 2016 | 27101567 |
| the role of the membrane in the structure and biophysical robustness of the dengue virion envelope. | the dengue virion is surrounded by an envelope of membrane proteins surrounding a lipid bilayer. we have combined the cryoelectron microscopy structures of the membrane proteins (pdb: 3j27) with a lipid bilayer whose composition is based on lipidomics data for insect cell membranes, to obtain a near-atomic resolution computational model of the envelope of the dengue virion. a coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation on the microsecond timescale enables analysis of key biophysical properties ... | 2016 | 26833387 |
| coeloconic sensilla on the antennae of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (l.). | 2016 | 5026452 | |
| histopathology of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) larvae parasitized by reesimermis nielseni (nematoda: mermithidae). | 2016 | 4761359 | |
| esterase polymorphism in aedes aegypti: the genetics and k m values of electrophoretically heterogeneous forms. | 2016 | 5038250 | |
| frequency of blood feeding in the mosquito aedes aegypti. | 2016 | 4937213 | |
| systemically and cutaneously distributed ectoparasiticides: a review of the efficacy against ticks and fleas on dogs. | acaricidal (tick) and insecticidal (flea) efficacy of systemically and cutaneously distributed ectoparasiticide products for dogs are compared based on permethrin and fluralaner as representative molecules. results of efficacy studies against fleas and ticks are reviewed that show generally good to excellent results. both externally and systemically distributed treatments have benefits and weaknesses in potentially preventing pathogen transmission by these arthropod vectors.four general properti ... | 2016 | 27502490 |
| vaccines and immunization strategies for dengue prevention. | dengue is currently the most significant arboviral disease afflicting tropical and sub-tropical countries worldwide. dengue vaccines, such as the multivalent attenuated, chimeric, dna and inactivated vaccines, have been developed to prevent dengue infection in humans, and they function predominantly by stimulating immune responses against the dengue virus (denv) envelope (e) and nonstructural-1 proteins (ns1). of these vaccines, a live attenuated chimeric tetravalent denv vaccine developed by sa ... | 2016 | 27436365 |
| disease vectors in the era of next generation sequencing. | almost 20 % of all infectious human diseases are vector borne and, together, are responsible for over one million deaths per annum. over the past decade, the decreasing costs of massively parallel sequencing technologies have facilitated the agnostic interrogation of insect vector genomes, giving medical entomologists access to an ever-expanding volume of high-quality genomic and transcriptomic data. in this review, we highlight how genomics resources have provided new insights into the physiolo ... | 2016 | 27154554 |
| genomic insights into the ixodes scapularis tick vector of lyme disease. | ticks transmit more pathogens to humans and animals than any other arthropod. we describe the 2.1 gbp nuclear genome of the tick, ixodes scapularis (say), which vectors pathogens that cause lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, babesiosis and other diseases. the large genome reflects accumulation of repetitive dna, new lineages of retro-transposons, and gene architecture patterns resembling ancient metazoans rather than pancrustaceans. annotation of scaffolds representing ∼57% of the ge ... | 2016 | 26856261 |
| zika virus: an update on epidemiology, pathology, molecular biology, and animal model. | zika virus (zikv) was first described in 1947, and became a health emergency problem in 2016 when its association with fetal microcephaly cases was confirmed by centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) in the united states. to date, zikv infection has been documented in 66 countries. zikv is recognized as a neurotropic virus and numerous diseases manifested in multiple neurological disorders have been described, mainly in countries that have been exposed to zikv after the 2007 outbreak i ... | 2016 | 27124623 |
| magnitude of neglected tropical diseases in indonesia at postmillennium development goals era. | the world will enter the postmillennium development goals 2015 era. the achievements of the millennium development goals (mdgs) as a global development target need to be evaluated. a sustainable new reasonable target is important for neglected tropical diseases (ntd) elimination in indonesia. this review describes the ntd situation in indonesia and highlights problems beneath the ntd transmission. multidisciplinary approach is a promising strategy to help the marginalized people. | 2016 | 27190525 |
| the untapped cell biology of neglected tropical diseases. | the world health organization lists a constellation of 17 tropical diseases that afflict approximately one in six individuals on the planet and, until recently, few resources have been devoted to the treatment and eradication of those diseases. they are often referred to as the diseases of the "bottom billion," because they are most prevalent among the poorest individuals in impoverished tropical nations. however, the few studies that have been performed reveal an extraordinary world of molecula ... | 2016 | 26915691 |
| detection of dengue, west nile virus, rickettsiosis and leptospirosis by a new real-time pcr strategy. | dengue virus (denv) infection causes sudden fever along with several nonspecific signs and symptoms and in severe cases, death. denv is transmitted to people by aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus mosquitoes, whose populations increase during rainy season. west nile virus (wnv), rickettsia spp. and leptospira spp. are fever-causing pathogens that share many of the initial symptoms of denv infection and also thrive in the rainy season. outbreaks in some regions may be due to any of these pathogens t ... | 2016 | 27350908 |
| structure and functional diversity of gcn5-related n-acetyltransferases (gnat). | general control non-repressible 5 (gcn5)-related n-acetyltransferases (gnat) catalyze the transfer of an acyl moiety from acyl coenzyme a (acyl-coa) to a diverse group of substrates and are widely distributed in all domains of life. this review of the currently available data acquired on gnat enzymes by a combination of structural, mutagenesis and kinetic methods summarizes the key similarities and differences between several distinctly different families within the gnat superfamily, with an emp ... | 2016 | 27367672 |
| overview of zika virus (zikv) infection in regards to the brazilian epidemic. | zika virus (zikv), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, belongs to the flaviviridae family, genus flavivirus. zikv was initially isolated in 1947 from a sentinel monkey in the zika forest, uganda. little clinical importance was attributed to zikv, once only few symptomatic cases were reported in some african and southeast asiatic countries. this situation changed in 2007, when a large outbreak was registered on the yap island, micronesia, caused by the asian zikv lineage. between 2013 and 2014, zikv spr ... | 2016 | 27143174 |
| zika: the origin and spread of a mosquito-borne virus. | to describe the temporal and geographical distribution of zika virus infection and associated neurological disorders, from 1947 to 1 february 2016, when zika became a public health emergency of international concern (pheic). | 2016 | 27708473 |
| annotation of the asian citrus psyllid genome reveals a reduced innate immune system. | citrus production worldwide is currently facing significant losses due to citrus greening disease, also known as huanglongbing. the citrus greening bacteria, candidatus liberibacter asiaticus (clas), is a persistent propagative pathogen transmitted by the asian citrus psyllid, diaphorina citri kuwayama (hemiptera: liviidae). hemipterans characterized to date lack a number of insect immune genes, including those associated with the imd pathway targeting gram-negative bacteria. the d. citri draft ... | 2016 | 27965582 |
| disruption of phenylalanine hydroxylase reduces adult lifespan and fecundity, and impairs embryonic development in parthenogenetic pea aphids. | phenylalanine hydroxylase (pah) is a key tyrosine-biosynthetic enzyme involved in neurological and melanin-associated physiological processes. despite extensive investigations in holometabolous insects, a pah contribution to insect embryonic development has never been demonstrated. here, we have characterized, for the first time, the pah gene in a hemimetabolous insect, the aphid acyrthosiphon pisum. phylogenetic and sequence analyses confirmed that appah is closely related to metazoan pah, exhi ... | 2016 | 27694983 |
| convergent evolution of trna gene targeting preferences in compact genomes. | in gene-dense genomes, mobile elements are confronted with highly selective pressure to amplify without causing excessive damage to the host. the targeting of trna genes as potentially safe integration sites has been developed by retrotransposons in various organisms such as the social amoeba dictyostelium discoideum and the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. in d. discoideum, trna gene-targeting retrotransposons have expanded to approximately 3 % of the genome. recently obtained genome sequences o ... | 2016 | 27583033 |
| small rna regulators of plant-hemipteran interactions: micromanagers with versatile roles. | non-coding small rnas (srnas) in plants have important roles in regulating biological processes, including development, reproduction, and stress responses. recent research indicates significant roles for srna-mediated gene silencing during plant-hemipteran interactions that involve all three of these biological processes. plant responses to hemipteran feeding are determined by changes in the host transcriptome that appear to be fine-tuned by srnas. the role of srna in plant defense responses is ... | 2016 | 27625654 |
| novel insights into insect-microbe interactions-role of epigenomics and small rnas. | it has become increasingly clear that microbes form close associations with the vast majority of animal species, especially insects. in fact, an array of diverse microbes is known to form shared metabolic pathways with their insect hosts. a growing area of research in insect-microbe interactions, notably for hemipteran insects and their mutualistic symbionts, is to elucidate the regulation of this inter-domain metabolism. this review examines two new emerging mechanisms of gene regulation and th ... | 2016 | 27540386 |
| heat sensitivity of wmel wolbachia during aedes aegypti development. | the wmel strain of wolbachia bacteria is known to prevent dengue and zika virus transmission in the mosquito vector aedes aegypti. accordingly, the release of wmel-infected a. aegypti in endemic regions has been recommended by the world health organization as a potential strategy for controlling dengue and zika outbreaks. however, the utility of this approach could be limited if high temperatures in the aquatic habitats where a. aegypti develop are detrimental to wolbachia. we exposed wmel-infec ... | 2016 | 27459519 |
| de novo transcriptome assembly of the grapevine phylloxera allows identification of genes differentially expressed between leaf- and root-feeding forms. | grapevine phylloxera, an insect related to true aphids, is a major historic pest of viticulture only controlled through the selection of resistant rootstocks or through quarantine regulations where grapevine is cultivated own-rooted. transcriptomic data could help understand the bases of its original life-traits, including a striking case of polyphenism, with forms feeding on roots and forms feeding in leaf-galls. comparisons with true aphids (for which complete genomes have been sequenced) shou ... | 2016 | 26968158 |
| persistent infection by wolbachia walbb has no effect on composition of the gut microbiota in adult female anopheles stephensi. | the bacteria in the midgut of anopheles stephensi adult females from laboratory colonies were studied by sequencing the v4 region of 16s rrna genes, with respect to three experimental factors: stable or cured wolbachia infection; sugar or blood diet; and age. proteobacteria and bacteroidetes dominated the community [>90% of operational taxonomic units (otus)]; most taxa were in the classes flavobacteriia, gammaproteobacteria, and alphaproteobacteria, and were assigned to elizabethkingia (46.9%), ... | 2016 | 27708633 |
| functional integration of the circulatory, immune, and respiratory systems in mosquito larvae: pathogen killing in the hemocyte-rich tracheal tufts. | as both larvae and adults, mosquitoes encounter a barrage of immune insults, ranging from microbe-rich communities in larval habitats to ingested blood-borne pathogens in adult blood meals. given that mosquito adults have evolved an efficient means of eliminating infections in their hemocoel (body cavity) via the coordinated action of their immune and circulatory systems, the goal of the present study was to determine whether such functional integration is also present in larvae. | 2016 | 27643786 |
| mosquito c-type lectins maintain gut microbiome homeostasis. | the long-term evolutionary interaction between the host immune system and symbiotic bacteria determines their cooperative rather than antagonistic relationship. it is known that commensal bacteria have evolved a number of mechanisms to manipulate the mammalian host immune system and maintain homeostasis. however, the strategies employed by the microbiome to overcome host immune responses in invertebrates still remain to be understood. here, we report that the gut microbiome in mosquitoes utilize ... | 2016 | 27170846 |
| open-air biowarfare testing and the evolution of values. | the united states and the united kingdom ended outdoor biological warfare testing in populated areas nearly half a century ago. yet, the conduct, health effects, and propriety of those tests remain controversial. the varied views reflect the limits of currently available test information and evolving societal values on research involving human subjects. western political culture has changed since the early days of the american and british testing programs. people have become less reluctant to qu ... | 2016 | 27564984 |
| symbiosis with francisella tularensis provides resistance to pathogens in the silkworm. | francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a highly virulent facultative intracellular pathogen found in a wide range of animals, including arthropods, and environments. this bacterium has been known for over 100 years, but the lifestyle of f. tularensis in natural reservoirs remains largely unknown. thus, we established a novel natural host model for f. tularensis using the silkworm (bombyx mori), which is an insect model for infection by pathogens. f. tularensis established a ... | 2016 | 27507264 |
| advances and limitations of disease biogeography using ecological niche modeling. | mapping disease transmission risk is crucial in public and animal health for evidence based decision-making. ecology and epidemiology are highly related disciplines that may contribute to improvements in mapping disease, which can be used to answer health related questions. ecological niche modeling is increasingly used for understanding the biogeography of diseases in plants, animals, and humans. however, epidemiological applications of niche modeling approaches for disease mapping can fail to ... | 2016 | 27547199 |
| diversity, evolution and medical applications of insect antimicrobial peptides. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are short proteins with antimicrobial activity. a large portion of known amps originate from insects, and the number and diversity of these molecules in different species varies considerably. insect amps represent a potential source of alternative antibiotics to address the limitation of current antibiotics, which has been caused by the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens. to get more insight into amps, we investigated the diversity and evolution o ... | 2016 | 27160593 |
| mass spectrometry analysis and transcriptome sequencing reveal glowing squid crystal proteins are in the same superfamily as firefly luciferase. | the japanese firefly squid hotaru-ika (watasenia scintillans) produces intense blue light from photophores at the tips of two arms. these photophores are densely packed with protein microcrystals that catalyse the bioluminescent reaction using atp and the substrate coelenterazine disulfate. the squid is the only organism known to produce light using protein crystals. we extracted microcrystals from arm tip photophores and identified the constituent proteins using mass spectrometry and transcript ... | 2016 | 27279452 |
| tetrapyrroles as endogenous tspo ligands in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: comparisons with synthetic ligands. | the 18 kda translocator protein (tspo) is highly 0conserved in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. since its discovery in 1977, numerous studies established the tspo's importance for life essential functions. for these studies, synthetic tspo ligands typically are applied. tetrapyrroles present endogenous ligands for the tspo. tetrapyrroles are also evolutionarily conserved and regulate multiple functions. tspo and tetrapyrroles regulate each other. in animals tspo-tetrapyrrole interactions range from e ... | 2016 | 27271616 |
| novel nad+-farnesal dehydrogenase from polygonum minus leaves. purification and characterization of enzyme in juvenile hormone iii biosynthetic pathway in plant. | juvenile hormone iii is of great concern due to negative effects on major developmental and reproductive maturation in insect pests. thus, the elucidation of enzymes involved jh iii biosynthetic pathway has become increasing important in recent years. one of the enzymes in the jh iii biosynthetic pathway that remains to be isolated and characterized is farnesal dehydrogenase, an enzyme responsible to catalyze the oxidation of farnesal into farnesoic acid. a novel nad+-farnesal dehydrogenase of p ... | 2016 | 27560927 |
| functional genomic analyses of enterobacter, anopheles and plasmodium reciprocal interactions that impact vector competence. | malaria exerts a tremendous socioeconomic impact worldwide despite current control efforts, and novel disease transmission-blocking strategies are urgently needed. the enterobacter bacterium esp_z, which is naturally harboured in the mosquito midgut, can inhibit the development of plasmodium parasites prior to their invasion of the midgut epithelium through a mechanism that involves oxidative stress. here, a multifaceted approach is used to study the tripartite interactions between the mosquito, ... | 2016 | 27549662 |
| evidence for the induction of key components of the notch signaling pathway via deltamethrin and azamethiphos treatment in the sea louse caligus rogercresseyi. | the extensive use of organophosphates and pyrethroids in the aquaculture industry has negatively impacted parasite sensitivity to the delousing effects of these antiparasitics, especially among sea lice species. the notch signaling pathway is a positive regulator of abc transporter subfamily c expression and plays a key role in the generation and modulation of pesticide resistance. however, little is known about the molecular mechanisms behind pesticide resistance, partly due to the lack of geno ... | 2016 | 27187362 |
| transfer of dna from bacteria to eukaryotes. | historically, the members of the agrobacterium genus have been considered the only bacterial species naturally able to transfer and integrate dna into the genomes of their eukaryotic hosts. yet, increasing evidence suggests that this ability to genetically transform eukaryotic host cells might be more widespread in the bacterial world. indeed, analyses of accumulating genomic data reveal cases of horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to eukaryotes and suggest that it represents a significant fo ... | 2016 | 27406565 |
| horizontal transfer of β-carbonic anhydrase genes from prokaryotes to protozoans, insects, and nematodes. | horizontal gene transfer (hgt) is a movement of genetic information occurring outside of normal mating activities. it is especially common between prokaryotic endosymbionts and their protozoan, insect, and nematode hosts. although beta carbonic anhydrase (β-ca) plays a crucial role in metabolic functions of many living organisms, the origin of β-ca genes in eukaryotic species remains unclear. | 2016 | 26983858 |
| [updating the larval habitats of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) in camagüey, cuba]. | several illnesses of vectorial origin have a great medical and veterinary relevance, due to the adaptations developed by the species involved in their transmission. to support preventive programs with updated ecological information of ae. aegypti populations, an entomological survey was carried out in three health areas of camagüey, cuba, during low and high rain seasons of 2013. for this, we assessed the type and number of positive containers, quantified larvae and pupae in positive containers, ... | 2016 | 29465911 |
| chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and insecticidal activities of essential oil from a moroccan endemic plant: bubonium imbricatum. | the chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and insecticidal properties of essential oil obtained by hydro-distillation from bubonium imbricatum cav. have been investigated. the essential oil of aerial parts was analyzed by gc-fid and gc-ms. a total of 63 compounds were identified representing more than 82% of the oil. the major components were cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (31.2%) and thymol isobutyrate (3.4%). the antioxidant activity was evaluated by the dpph and reducing power test. the ... | 2016 | 30475515 |
| lantana montevidensis essential oil: chemical composition and mosquito repellent activity against aedes aegypti. | the essential oil (eo) of lantana montevidensis (spreng.) briq. (l. sellowiana link & otto) was investigated for its chemical composition and mosquito repellent activity. the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial plant parts was analyzed by gc-fid and gc-ms. the major constituents were p-elemene (22.0%), β-caryophyllene (20.1%), and germacrene d (9.4%). sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were present.in considerable quantities (78.9%) in the l. montevidensis eo, followed by oxygenated se ... | 2016 | 30475514 |
| toxicity of compounds isolated from white snakeroot (ageratina altissima) to adult and larval yellow fever mosquitoes (aedes aegypti). | botanicals have been the source for several classes of pesticides for mosquitoes. however, increasing resistance to these products and reduced numbers of choices necessitate the search for new active ingredients. ageratina altissima (l.) king & h. rob. or white snakeroot, is found throughout the eastern united states and contains known toxic compounds. we examine chromenes (benzopyrans) and benzofurans isolated fiom this plant for larvicidal and adulticidal activity against the dengue vector aed ... | 2016 | 30475505 |
| preparative capillary gc for characterization of five dracocephalum essential oils from mongolia, and their mosquito larvicidal activity. | the chemical composition and mosquito larvicidal and adulticidal activity of five essential oils (eos), dracocephalum ruyschiana l. (dr), d. foetidum bunge (df), d. moldavica l. (dm), d. fruticulosum steph. ex willd. (dfr) and d. peregrinum l. (dp) were evaluated. simultaneous gc-fid and gc-ms analyses revealed in the eos of dr, df and dm an unidentified compound (1) ([m'122], 5.4%, 57.9% and 74.0%, respectively). therefore, we aimed to isolate compound 1 using preparative capillary gc (pcgc) co ... | 2016 | 30549618 |
| chemical composition and biting deterrent activity of essential oil of tagetes patula (marigold) against aedes aegypti. | the hydrodistilled leaf essential oil (eo) of tagetes patula l. was analyzed by gc-fid and gc-ms. the main components of the oil were characterized as caryophyllene oxide (18.4%), p-caryophyllene (18.0%) and spathulenol (9.1%). the eo was screened for its biting deterrent activity against aedes aegypti l. using the in vitro k&d module system. t. patula eo exhibited good biting deterrent activity. the results suggest that these sesquiterpenes may contribute to biting deterrent activity, but the r ... | 2016 | 30549616 |
| essential oil composition of pimpinella cypria and its insecticidal, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activity. | a water-distilled essential oil (e) from the aerial parts of pimpinella cypria boiss. (apiaceae), an endemic species in northern cyprus, was analyzed by gc- fid and gc-ms. forty-five compounds were identified in the oil, which comprised 81.7% of the total composition. the compound classes in the oil were oxygenated sesquiterpenes (33.9%), sesquiterpenes (22.0%), monoterpenes (11.4%), oxygenated monoterpenes (2.6%), and phenylpropanoids (7.5%). the main components of the oil were (z)-β-farnesene ... | 2016 | 30549615 |
| 11-hydroxy-2,4-cycloeudesmane from the leaf oil of juglans regia and evaluation of its larvicidal activity. | leaves of juglans regia l. collected from two different locations [adana (a) and ankara (b)] from turkey were subjected to hydrodistillation in a clevenger type apparatus to yield the essential oils (eos). gc/ms and gc-fid analyses revealed that the a eo was rich in thymol (23.1%), while caryophyllene oxide (33.8%) was found as the main constituent of b eo. both contained p-eudesmol (1.4% - 9.5 %), (e)-geranyl acetone (3.7% - 5.8%) and the eudesmane type constituent juglaterpene a (3.1% - 11.0%) ... | 2016 | 30549590 |
| repellent and insecticidal efficacy of a combination of dinotefuran, pyriproxyfen and permethrin (vectra® 3d) against culex pipiens in dogs. | culex pipiens is an important vector of pathogens of substantial medical and veterinary importance such as dirofilaria immitis and dirofilaria repens or the west nile virus. the control of these mosquitoes is therefore essential to control the transmission of mosquito-borne agents to humans and animals. a combination of dinotefuran, permethrin and pyriproxyfen (vectra® 3d) has already shown its efficacy against aedes aegypti. the aim of this study was to confirm the efficacy of this combination ... | 2016 | 29988200 |
| [construction of aaldv-3 mediated mirrna sponge delivery system and its effect on cell and larva of aedes aegypti]. | micrornas (mirnas) not only play the key roles in regulation of the growth and development of mosquito, but also has an important function in interaction between the pathogen and vector. so, mirnas can be used as the molecular target for development of an alternative method for mosquito and mosquito-borne disease control. however, an effective delivery system is still need. mosquito densovirus have the potential for vector control as transducing agents to express foreign toxins or small interfer ... | 2016 | 29979549 |
| bioefficacy of ecbolin a and ecbolin b isolated from ecbolium viride (forsk.) alston on dengue vector aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). | ecbolin a and ecbolin b were isolated from ethyl acetate extract of ecbolium viride (forsk.) alston root and evaluated for larvicidal and growth disturbance activities against aedes aegypti l. (diptera: culicidae). for larvicidal activity, the third instar larvae of a. aegypti were exposed to different concentrations viz., 1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 ppm for each compound. among the two compounds screened, ecbolin b recorded highest larvicidal activity with lc50 and lc90 values of 0.70 and 1.42 ppm, re ... | 2016 | 29988190 |
| effect of gamma radiation on life history traits of aedes aegypti (l.). | aedes aegypti is an important vector for dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. considering its medical importance and its relevance as a model system, this study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of different doses of gamma radiation for three generations of a. aegypti. two to three days old virgin males of a. aegypti were irradiated with 15 doses of gamma radiation, ranging from 1 to 50 gy and were immediately mass mated with the same aged virgin females. observations were made for changes o ... | 2016 | 29988174 |
| [identification and expression of the yellow gene family in aedes aegypti]. | to identify the yellow family genes in aedes aegypti and analyze the gene structure, phylogenetic evolution and their expression at various developmental stages and in different tissues. | 2016 | 30120914 |
| insecticidal potential of ocimum canum plant extracts against anopheles stephensi, aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus larval and adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes have developed resistance to various synthetic insecticides, making their control increasingly difficult. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable natural control. this study evaluates the toxic potential of ocimum canum (sims) leaf extract and powder against anopheles stephensi (liston), aedes aegypti (lin) and culex quinquefasciatus (say) larval and adult mosquitoes. larval mortality was observed after 24 h recovery period and adult smoke toxicity observed for 40 min d ... | 2016 | 26135241 |
| rapid biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using crotalaria verrucosa leaves against the dengue vector aedes aegypti: what happens around? an analysis of dragonfly predatory behaviour after exposure at ultra-low doses. | aedes aegypti is a primary vector of dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease infecting 50-100 million people every year. here, we biosynthesised mosquitocidal silver nanoparticles (agnp) using the aqueous leaf extract of crotalaria verrucosa. the green synthesis of agnp was studied by uv-vis spectroscopy, sem, edx and ftir. c. verrucosa-synthesised agnps were toxic against a. aegypti larvae and pupae. lc50 of agnp ranged from 3.496 ppm (i instar larvae) to 17.700 ppm (pupae). furthermore, we eval ... | 2016 | 26284510 |
| first report of l1014f kdr mutation in culex quinquefasciatus in mexico. | the l1014f mutation in the voltage-sodium channel gene has been associated with resistance to ddt and pyrethroids in various arthropod species including mosquitoes. we determined the frequency of the l1014f kdr mutation in 16 field populations of culex quinquefasciatus from northeastern mexico collected between 2008 and 2013. the l1014f was present in all populations analyzed with the lowest frequency (3.33%) corresponding to the population from monclova collected in 2012, and the highest freque ... | 2016 | 25765734 |
| utilization of biodiesel by-products for mosquito control. | the current paper has elaborated the efficient utilization of non-edible oil seed cakes (neoc), by-products of the bio-diesel extraction process to develop a herbal and novel mosquitocidal composition against the aedes aegypti larvae. the composition consisted of botanical active ingredients, inerts, burning agents and preservatives; where the botanical active ingredients were karanja (pongamia glabra) cake powder and jatropha (jatropha curcas) cake powder, products left after the extraction of ... | 2016 | 26296531 |
| mosquito salivary allergen aed a 3: cloning, comprehensive molecular analysis, and clinical evaluation. | allergic reactions to mosquito bites are an increasing clinical concern. due to the lack of availability of mosquito salivary allergens, they are underdiagnosed. here, we reported a newly cloned mosquito aedes (ae.) aegypti salivary allergen. | 2016 | 26608594 |
| a novel in vitro bioassay to explore the repellent effects of compounds against mosquito aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | mosquitoes are vectors for many pathogens resulting in many deaths of humans. repellents play an important role in reducing mosquito bites and the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. currently, klun & debboun (k & d) and human-arm-based bioassay systems are used to identify repellent properties of compounds, extracts, and essential oils. risks involved with human-arm-based systems are allergic reactions and limited replicates. we are reporting an in vitro bioassay method “ncnpr repellent bioassay ... | 2016 | 26590191 |
| the siren's song: exploitation of female flight tones to passively capture male aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae). | the need to capture male mosquitoes has intensified recently as a result of a number of male-based sterile insect technique (sit) and population-modification programs focused on aedes aegypti (l.) having initiated field releases. here, we report the results of the successful exploitation of the attraction of male ae. aegypti to female flight tones to enhance male collections in nonmechanical passive (nonbattery powered) gravid aedes traps (gat). prior to field studies, male attraction to female ... | 2016 | 26502754 |
| the influence of ambient temperature on the susceptibility of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) to the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin. | insecticides are the most common strategy used for the management of mosquitoes. changes in ambient temperature can alter the toxicity of insecticides to ectothermic organisms. studies show organophosphate insecticides exhibit a positive correlation between ambient temperature and mortality for many insect species, and carbamate insecticides exhibit a slightly negative correlation between ambient temperature and mortality. pyrethroid insecticides exhibit a distinctly negative correlation between ... | 2016 | 26477050 |
| improving the effectiveness of three essential oils against aedes aegypti (linn.) and anopheles dirus (peyton and harrison). | repellency of essential oil extracted from curcuma longa, eucalyptus globulus, and citrus aurantium at various concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 %) with and without 5 % vanillin was evaluated against female mosquitoes: aedes aegypti and anopheles dirus. the comparisons were made with a commercial chemical repellent (n,n-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) 25 % w/w; kor yor 15) by arm in cage method. it was found that the essential oils with 5 % vanillin gave the longest lasting period against t ... | 2016 | 26358103 |
| the epidemiology of dengue fever in saudi arabia: a systematic review. | dengue fever (df) is the most serious mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide. df is an acute febrile illness caused by aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus, which are endemic in certain cities of saudi arabia, such as jeddah and makkah (mecca). an online literature search was conducted using relevant keywords to retrieve df studies conducted in saudi arabia. forty-five articles were identified initially. after screening for exclusion and retrieving full texts, a total of 10 articles were used for ... | 2016 | 26106040 |