Publications

application of quantitative microbial risk assessment for selection of microbial reduction targets for hard surface disinfectants.	this quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) included problem formulation for fomites and hazard identification for 7 microorganisms, including pathogenic escherichia coli and e coli 0157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, norovirus, pseudomonas spp, salmonella spp, and staphylococcus aureus. the goal was to address a risk-based process for choosing the log10 reduction recommendations, in contrast to the current us environmental protection agency requirements.	2014	25241163
evaluation of nacl, ph, and lactic acid on the growth of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in a liquid cheddar cheese extract.	a cheddar cheese model system, cheddar cheese extract, was used to examine how different levels of known microbial hurdles (nacl, ph, and lactic acid) in cheddar cheese contribute to inhibition of bacterial pathogens. this knowledge is critical to evaluate the safety of cheddar varieties with altered compositions. the range of levels used covered the lowest and highest level of these factors present in low-sodium, low-fat, and traditional cheddar cheeses. four pathogens were examined in this mod ...	2014	25200778
microbiological quality of packaged ice from various sources in georgia.	this study determined the microbiological and chemical quality of ice produced and bagged on premises in retail establishments and in free-standing self-service ice vending machines in the state of georgia and compared the results with that from ice produced by manufacturing companies monitored by the international packaged ice association. two hundred fifty bags of packaged ice samples were obtained from retail locations and self-service ice vending machines, along with 25 bags of packaged manu ...	2014	25198846
a novel glucose 6-phosphate isomerase from listeria monocytogenes.	d-arabinose 5-phosphate isomerases (apis) catalyze the interconversion of d-ribulose 5-phosphate and d-arabinose 5-phosphate (a5p). a5p is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate (kdo), an essential component of lipopolysaccharide, the lipopolysaccharide found in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. the genome of the gram-positive pathogen listeria monocytogenes contains a gene encoding a putative sugar isomerase domain api, q723e8, with significant similarit ...	2014	25194846
application of dna aptamers and quantum dots to lateral flow test strips for detection of foodborne pathogens with improved sensitivity versus colloidal gold.	preliminary studies aimed at improving the sensitivity of foodborne pathogen detection via lateral flow (lf) test strips by use of high affinity dna aptamers for capture and reporter functions when coupled to red-emitting quantum dots (qdot 655) are reported. a variety of dna aptamers developed against escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica were paired in capture and reporter combinations to determine which yielded the strongest detection of their cognate bacteria usin ...	2014	25437803
microbiological profile and incidence of salmonella and listeria monocytogenes on hydroponic bell peppers and greenhouse cultivation environment.	the aim of this study was to generate information regarding the microbiological profile, including salmonella and listeria monocytogenes incidence, of hydroponically grown bell peppers and materials associated with their production in greenhouses located in mexico. samples of coconut fiber (24), knives (30), drippers (20), conveyor belts (161), pepper transportation wagons (30), air (178), water (16), nutrient solution for plant irrigation (78), and bell pepper fruits (528) were collected during ...	2014	25364924
detection and identification of six foodborne bacteria by two-tube multiplex real time pcr and melting curve analysis.	this study is aimed to develop a two-tube melting curve-based multiplex real time pcr assay (mcmrt-pcr) for the simultaneous detection of six common foodborne pathogenic bacteria (diarrhoeagenic escherichia coli, salmonella, and shigella in tube 1, staphylococcus aureus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and listeria monocytogenes in tube 2).	2014	25341812
intradermal administration of the type ii heat-labile enterotoxins lt-iib and lt-iic of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli enhances humoral and cd8+ t cell immunity to a co-administered antigen.	vaccinations are extremely effective at combating infectious diseases. many conserved antigen (ag) targets, however, are poorly immunogenic. protein subunit vaccines frequently elicit only humoral immune responses and fail to confer protection against serious intracellular pathogens. these barriers to vaccine development are often overcome by the use of appropriate adjuvants. heat-labile enterotoxins (hlt) produced by enterotoxigenic strains of escherichia coli are potent adjuvants when administ ...	2014	25536061
variation in the microbiological quality of commercially produced vacuum-packed cooked sliced meat between production and the end of shelf-life.	a study of the microbiological quality of cooked, sliced vacuum-packed meat was undertaken. three hundred and eighty-one samples were taken (127 sets of three samples) from 55 commercial premises that produced packets of sliced, cooked, vacuum-packed meat for retail sale. the set of three samples consisted of one from the unsliced, cooked meat, one from the sliced product immediately after slicing, and one sliced packet for end of shelf-life testing. samples were examined for aerobic colony coun ...	2014	23869397
pharmacological characterization of 7-(4-(piperazin-1-yl)) ciprofloxacin derivatives: antibacterial activity, cellular accumulation, susceptibility to efflux transporters, and intracellular activity.	to evaluate pharmacological properties (antibacterial activity; accumulation in phagocytic cells; activity against intracellular bacteria; susceptibility to fluoroquinolone efflux transporters) of ciprofloxacin derivatives modified at c-7 of the piperazine ring.	2014	24306327
identification of ifn-γ-producing innate b cells.	although b cells play important roles in the humoral immune response and the regulation of adaptive immunity, b cell subpopulations with unique phenotypes, particularly those with non-classical immune functions, should be further investigated. by challenging mice with listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, vesicular stomatitis virus and toll-like receptor ligands, we identified an inducible cd11a(hi)fcγriii(hi) b cell subpopulation that is significantly expanded and produces high levels of if ...	2014	24296781
mapping hfq-rna interaction surfaces using tryptophan fluorescence quenching.	hfq is a posttranscriptional riboregulator and rna chaperone that binds small rnas and target mrnas to effect their annealing and message-specific regulation in response to environmental stressors. structures of hfq-rna complexes indicate that u-rich sequences prefer the proximal face and a-rich sequences the distal face; however, the hfq-binding sites of most rnas are unknown. here, we present an hfq-rna mapping approach that uses single tryptophan-substituted hfq proteins, all of which retain ...	2014	24288369
expression, purification and antibacterial activity of the channel catfish hepcidin mature peptide.	hepcidins are small cysteine-rich cationic antimicrobial peptides. the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) hepcidin cdna has been characterized, but recombinant protein expression and purification was not reported. i. punctatus hepcidin is comprised of 96 residues, with eight functionally important conserved cysteine residues located in the c-terminal region of the mature peptide, suggesting that this region is responsible for the antibacterial activity. in this study, a cdna fragment (mch) en ...	2014	24269761
genomic organization, sequence characterization and expression analysis of tenebrio molitor apolipophorin-iii in response to an intracellular pathogen, listeria monocytogenes.	apolipophorin iii (apolp-iii) is a well-known hemolymph protein having a functional role in lipid transport and immune response of insects. we cloned full-length cdna encoding putative apolp-iii from larvae of the coleopteran beetle, tenebrio molitor (tmapolp-iii), by identification of clones corresponding to the partial sequence of tmapolp-iii, subsequently followed with full length sequencing by a clone-by-clone primer walking method. the complete cdna consists of 890 nucleotides, including an ...	2014	24200961
clay mineral type effect on bacterial enteropathogen survival in soil.	enteropathogens released into the environment can represent a serious risk to public health. soil clay content has long been known to have an important effect on enteropathogen survival in soil, generally enhancing survival. however, clay mineral composition in soils varies, and different clay minerals have specific physiochemical properties that would be expected to impact differentially on survival. this work investigated the effect of clay materials, with a predominance of a particular minera ...	2014	24035982
antimicrobial effect of bayberry leaf extract for the preservation of large yellow croaker (pseudosciaena crocea).	chemical preservatives have been widely used to keep large yellow croaker fresh. however, the potential harm to human health cannot be ignored. this study was undertaken to investigate the antimicrobial effect of bayberry leaf extract and to evaluate the efficacy of this natural product on the preservation of large yellow croaker.	2014	23929386
synthesis, crystal structure, optical properties and antibacterial evaluation of novel imidazo[1, 5-a]pyridine derivatives bearing a hydrazone moiety.	a series of novel imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-hydrazone derivatives were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy (ir), 1h nmr, 13c nmr and high resolution mass spectrometer (hrms). typically, the spatial structure of compound 3j was determined using x-ray diffraction analysis. the uv-vis absorption and fluorescence spectral characteristics of the compounds in dichloromethane and acetonitrile were investigated. absorption peaks could be observed in the wavelength range 290-450 nm. it ca ...	2014	23797987
evaluation of an ethidium monoazide-enhanced 16s rdna real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for bacterial screening of platelet concentrates and comparison with automated culture.	culture-based systems are currently the preferred means for bacterial screening of platelet (plt) concentrates. alternative bacterial detection techniques based on nucleic acid amplification have also been developed but these have yet to be fully evaluated. in this study we evaluate a novel 16s rdna polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay and compare its performance with automated culture.	2014	23701338
proteolytic and antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria grown in goat milk.	we examined 62 strains and 21 trade starter cultures from the collection of lb bulgaricum plc for proteolytic and antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria (lab) grown in goat milk. the aim of this study was to investigate the fermentation of caseins, α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin by lab, using the o-phthaldialdehyde (opa) spectrophotometric assay and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page). the proteolysis targeted mainly caseins, especially β-casein. whey ...	2014	26019593
phylogenetic profiles of in-house microflora in drains at a food production facility: comparison and biocontrol implications of listeria-positive and -negative bacterial populations.	listeria species experience complex interactions with other microorganisms, which may promote growth and colonization of the organism in local environments or negatively affect them. this study investigated the microbial community at a food production facility, examining interactions between listeria and the associated microbiome. listeria species can be transferred between zones in the production environment by individuals or equipment, and drains may act as a reservoir for the organism, reflec ...	2014	24657862
an antilisterial bacteriocin bacfl31 produced by enterococcus faecium fl31 with a novel structure containing hydroxyproline residues.	a new bacterium called fl31, which was selected for its antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic bacterium listeria monocytogenes, was identified as enterococcus faecium and noted to produce an antibacterial proteinaceous substance (bacfl31). the active peptide from the cell-free supernatant of e. faecium fl31 was purified in four steps and the results revealed a single band with an estimated molecular mass of approximately 3.5 kda. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified bacfl31 ...	2014	24583094
enterocin hz produced by a wild enterococcus faecium strain isolated from a traditional, starter-free pickled cheese.	bacteriogenic enterococcus faecium hz was identified by using biochemical (strep-api 20, api-50 chl, fatty acid profile) and 16s rrna analysis (99·99 %). ent. faecium hz was sensitive to clinically important antibiotics such as vancomycin, and did not have gelatinase and haemolysis activities. enterocin hz, a bacteriocin from ent. faecium hz, was sensitive to papain and tyripsin, but resistant to pepsin, lipase, catalase, α-amylase, organic solvents, detergents, ß-mercaptoethanol, and heat treat ...	2014	24559899
antibacterial efficacy of nisin, pediocin 34 and enterocin fh99 against l. monocytogenes, e. faecium and e. faecalis and bacteriocin cross resistance and antibiotic susceptibility of their bacteriocin resistant variants.	the bacteriocin susceptibility of listeria monocytogenes mtcc 657, enterococcus faecium dsmz 20477, e. faecium vre, and e. faecalis atcc 29212 and their corresponding bacteriocin resistant variants was assessed. the single and combined effect of nisin and pediocin 34 and enterocin fh99 bacteriocins produced by pediococcus pentosaceus 34, and e. faecium fh99, respectively, was determined. pediocin34 proved to be more effective in inhibiting l. monocytogenes mtcc 657. a greater antibacterial effec ...	2014	24493880
in vitro study of beneficial properties and safety of lactic acid bacteria isolated from portuguese fermented meat products.	many lactic acid bacteria produce bacteriocins with a rather broad spectrum of inhibition, which could offer potential applications in food preservation. bacteriocin production by starter cultures may bring advantage to these strains in competitive interactions with pathogenic bacteria from the food matrix. the objective of this study was to determine the safety of beneficial strains (lactobacillus plantarum st202ch and st216ch, enterococcus faecium st211ch, and lactobacillus sakei st22ch, st153 ...	2014	24463204
bacteriocinogenic potential and safety evaluation of non-starter enterococcus faecium strains isolated from home made white brine cheese.	four lab strains, isolated from bulgarian home made white brine cheese, were selected for their effective inhibition against listeria monocytogenes. according to their biochemical and physiological characteristics, the strains were classified as members of enterococcus genus, and then identified as enterococcus faecium by 16s rdna sequencing. their bacteriocin production and inhibitory spectrum were evaluated together with the occurrence of several bacteriocin genes (enta, entb, entp, entl50b). ...	2014	24290647
antibacterial activity of enterococcus faecium derived from koopeh cheese against listeria monocytogenes in probiotic ultra-filtrated cheese.	viability of probiotic bacteria in food during maintenance and time of consuming in food has become a challenge in food hygiene and technology and is important for representing their beneficial health effects. the aim of this study was to determine the survival of probiotic enterococcus faecium derived from koopeh cheese added to industrial iranian ultra-filtrated (uf) cheese and screening for antimicrobial activity of enterococcus faecium against listeria monocytogenes during two months of chee ...	2014	25568714
high inhibition of paenibacillus larvae and listeria monocytogenes by enterococcus isolated from different sources in tunisia and identification of their bacteriocin genes.	a total of 300 isolates of enterococcus, from different sources including faeces of poultry, cow and sheep, raw milk, ricotta cheese and water, in tunisia, were screened for their antibacterial activity. amongst them, 59 bacteriocin-producing strains were detected and identified by molecular methods. genes encoding for enta, entp, entb, entl50a/b, as-48 and bac31 bacteriocins were targeted by pcr. the bacteriocin-producing strains were assigned to the species enterococcus faecium, enterococcus f ...	2014	24698417
in situ production of pediocin pa-1 like bacteriocin by different genera of lactic acid bacteria in soymilk fermentation and evaluation of sensory properties of the fermented soy curd.	the lactic acid bacteria (lab) are found to produce bacteriocins with enhanced nutritive properties in the fermented foods. in the present study, the ability of lab cultures (pediococcus acidilactici ncim 5424, enterococcus faecium ncim 5423 and lactobacillus plantarum acr2) to produce pediocin pa-1 like bacteriocin was evaluated during soymilk fermentation. the isolates e. faecium ncim 5423 and lb. plantarum acr2 were able to produce bacteriocin as well as ferment soymilk within 6 h of incubati ...	2014	26396327
selection of potential probiotic enterococcus faecium isolated from portuguese fermented food.	four enterococcus faecium strains isolated from fermented products were evaluated for potential use as probiotic strains. in addition to efaafm gene, commonly found in e. faecium food isolates, none of the isolates possessed virulence genes and none had positive reactions for the production of tyramine, histamine, putrescine and cadaverine in the screening medium used. all of these four isolates proved to be resistant to 65 °c. e. faecium 119 did not show antimicrobial activity against any of th ...	2014	25268323
control of listeria monocytogenes in fresh cheese using protective lactic acid bacteria.	in the past years, there has been a particular focus on the application of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria (lab) in controlling the growth of pathogenic bacteria in foods. the aim of this study was to select lab strains with antimicrobial activity, previously isolated from a traditional azorean artisanal cheese (pico cheese), in order to identify those with the greatest potential in reducing listeria monocytogenes in fresh cheese. eight bacteriocin producer strains identified as la ...	2014	25222327
the cyclic dinucleotide c-di-amp is an allosteric regulator of metabolic enzyme function.	cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-amp) is a broadly conserved second messenger required for bacterial growth and infection. however, the molecular mechanisms of c-di-amp signaling are still poorly understood. using a chemical proteomics screen for c-di-amp-interacting proteins in the pathogen listeria monocytogenes, we identified several broadly conserved protein receptors, including the central metabolic enzyme pyruvate carboxylase (lmpc). biochemical and crystallographic studies of the l ...	2014	25215494
[neonatal bacteremia--frequency, spectrum of organisms and correlation between clinical symptoms and laboratory data for early onset sepsis].	improved obstetrical management and evidence-based peripartum antimicrobial therapy in the last decades reduce the frequency of early-onset neonatal sepsis (eons) and improve the outcome. the spectrum of the microrganisms is different according to regions, countries and periods of time. appropriate diagnosis and treatment improve the outcome. however dissociation often occurs between clinical manifestation, laboratory and microbiological findings.	2014	25098106
comparative genomic and morphological analyses of listeria phages isolated from farm environments.	the genus listeria is ubiquitous in the environment and includes the globally important food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes. while the genomic diversity of listeria has been well studied, considerably less is known about the genomic and morphological diversity of listeria bacteriophages. in this study, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of 14 listeria phages isolated mostly from new york dairy farm environments as well as one related enterococcus faecalis phage to obtain information on ...	2014	24837381
antibacterial properties and mode of action of new triaryl butene citrate compounds.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of newly synthesized triaryl butene analogues of tamoxifen. several compounds were synthesized and converted to citrate salts to ensure greater solubility. four compounds showed significant antibacterial activity at micromolar concentrations against gram-positive and gram-negative foodborne pathogens including listeria monocytogenes, listeria ivanovii, enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli. two compounds ...	2014	24602786
antimicrobial susceptibility and antibiotic resistance gene transfer analysis of foodborne, clinical, and environmental listeria spp. isolates including listeria monocytogenes.	the aims of this study were to assess antibiotic resistance pheno- and genotypes in foodborne, clinical, and environmental listeria isolates, as well as to elucidate the horizontal gene transfer potential of detected resistance genes. a small fraction of in total 524 listeria spp. isolates (3.1%) displayed acquired antibiotic resistance mainly to tetracycline (n = 11), but also to clindamycin (n = 4) and trimethoprim (n = 3), which was genotypically confirmed. in two cases, a tetracycline resist ...	2014	24382842
pathways and roles of wall teichoic acid glycosylation in staphylococcus aureus.	the thick peptidoglycan layers of gram-positive bacteria are connected to polyanionic glycopolymers called wall teichoic acids (wta). pathogens such as staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, or enterococcus faecalis produce wta with diverse, usually strain-specific structure. extensive studies on s. aureus wta mutants revealed important functions of wta in cell division, growth, morphogenesis, resistance to antimicrobials, and interaction with host or phages. while most of the s. aureus ...	2014	24365646
copsin, a novel peptide-based fungal antibiotic interfering with the peptidoglycan synthesis.	fungi and bacteria compete with an arsenal of secreted molecules for their ecological niche. this repertoire represents a rich and inexhaustible source for antibiotics and fungicides. antimicrobial peptides are an emerging class of fungal defense molecules that are promising candidates for pharmaceutical applications. based on a co-cultivation system, we studied the interaction of the coprophilous basidiomycete coprinopsis cinerea with different bacterial species and identified a novel defensin, ...	2014	25342741
lowest numbers of primary cd8(+) t cells can reconstitute protective immunity upon adoptive immunotherapy.	patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-hsct) are threatened by potentially lethal viral manifestations like cytomegalovirus (cmv) reactivation. because the success of today's virostatic treatment is limited by side effects and resistance development, adoptive transfer of virus-specific memory t cells derived from the stem cell donor has been proposed as an alternative therapeutic strategy. in this context, dose minimization of adoptively transferred t cells ...	2014	24855206
green conversion of agroindustrial wastes into chitin and chitosan by rhizopus arrhizus and cunninghamella elegans strains.	this article sets out a method for producing chitin and chitosan by cunninghamella elegans and rhizopus arrhizus strains using a green metabolic conversion of agroindustrial wastes (corn steep liquor and molasses). the physicochemical characteristics of the biopolymers and antimicrobial activity are described. chitin and chitosan were extracted by alkali-acid treatment, and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, viscosity and x-ray diffraction. the effectiveness of chitosan from c. elegans and ...	2014	24853288
[magnetic beads adsorption-pcr detection method of four common foodborne pathogens in food].	to evaluate the adsorption capacity of magnetic beads for common foodborne pathogens.	2014	25199281
bacterial maximum non-inhibitory and minimum inhibitory concentrations of different water activity depressing solutes.	the nacl mnics (maximum non-inhibitory concentrations) and mics (minimum inhibitory concentrations) for growth of various strains of six bacterial species were determined and then compared with those obtained for seven other solutes. the influence of prior growth conditions on the mnics and mics was also evaluated. no significant changes on the mnics and mics were found among the strains studied within each species. among all factors investigated, only growth phase -for gram-negatives- and growt ...	2014	25090605
evaluation of the microbial safety of child food of animal origin in greece.	foodborne illness is a major cause of morbidity and mortality especially for children, even in the developed world. the aim of this study was to assess the microbial safety of food of animal origin intended for consumption by children in greece. sampling involved 8 categories of retail products and was completed with a collection of 850 samples. these were tested by pcr and/or culture for listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter spp., escherichia coli o157, salmonella spp., cronobacter sakazakii, b ...	2014	24506312
proportion of illness acquired by foodborne transmission for nine enteric pathogens in australia: an expert elicitation.	estimates of the burden of illness acquired from food inform public health policy and prioritize interventions. a key component of such estimates is the proportion of illnesses that are acquired by foodborne transmission. in view of the shortage of requisite data, these proportions are commonly obtained through a process known as expert elicitation. we report findings from an elicitation process used to assess the importance of the foodborne transmission route for nine pathogens in australia, ci ...	2014	25072416
microbiological and chemical evaluation of helix spp. snails from local and non-eu markets, utilised as food in sardinia.	with this study, 28 pools of snails of the genus helix, respectively helix aspersa (n=24) and helix vermiculata (n=4) were analysed. they were taken from snail farming and stores. the snails were from sardinia, other regions of italy, and from abroad. all the samples were examined as pool looking for these microbiological target: salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157, clostridium perfringens, norovirus and hepatitis a virus (hav). in the same pools, the concentration of ...	2014	27800346
disease-outcome trees, eq-5d scores, and estimated annual losses of quality-adjusted life years (qalys) for 14 foodborne pathogens in the united states.	measures of disease burden such as quality-adjusted life years (qalys) are increasingly important to risk-based food safety policy. they provide a means of comparing relative risk from diverse health outcomes. we present detailed disease-outcome trees and eq-5d scoring for 14 major foodborne pathogens representing over 95% of foodborne illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths due to specified agents in the united states (campylobacter spp., clostridium perfringens, cryptosporidium parvum, cyclosp ...	2014	24588853
screening of bacteriocin-producing enterococcus faecalis strains for antagonistic activities against clostridium perfringens.	this study was conducted to isolate and characterize bacteriocin-producing bacteria against clostridium perfringens (c. perfringens) from domestic animals to determine their usefulness as probiotics. bacteriocin-producing bacteria were isolated from pig feces by the spot-on-lawn method. a total of 1,370 bacterial stains were isolated, and six were tentatively selected after identifying the inhibitory activity against the pathogenic indicator c. perfringens kctc 3269 and kctc 5100. the selected s ...	2014	26761495
technological properties of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from pico cheese an artisanal cow's milk cheese.	evaluate technologically relevant properties from bacteriocin-producing strains to use as starter/adjunct cultures in cheese making.	2014	24206097
improved detection of gastrointestinal pathogens using generalised sample processing and amplification panels.	we aimed to streamline the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease by producing multiplexed real time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) panels employing universal sample processing for dna and rna containing pathogens. a total of 487 stored, previously characterised stool samples comprising bacterial, viral, protozoan and clostridium difficile positive samples were tested using four multiplexed real time pcr panels. a further 81 pre-selected clinical samples from a teaching hospital were included to ...	2014	24300711
emerging infectious colitis.	the present review will highlight recent advances in the knowledge of emerging pathogens causing infectious colitis and provide a description of the most important food-borne outbreaks.	2014	24275672
characterization of a bacteriocin produced by lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis crl 1584 isolated from a lithobates catesbeianus hatchery.	lactococcus lactis crl 1584 isolated from a lithobates catesbeianus hatchery inhibits the growth of citrobacter freundii (a bullfrog pathogen) and listeria monocytogenes by a synergistic effect between lactic acid, hydrogen peroxide and a bacteriocin-like molecule. the chemical characterization of the bacteriocin in cell-free supernatants indicates that it has a proteinaceous nature. hexadecane and ethyl acetate did not modify the bacteriocin activity, while 10 and 20 % (v/v) chloroform decrease ...	2014	24150985
food safety in raw milk production: risk factors associated to bacterial dna contamination.	while human illness from milkborne pathogens may be linked to contamination of the product after pasteurization or improper pasteurization, such diseases are usually associated with consumption of raw milk or its by-products. molecular biology tools were applied to investigate contamination by listeria monocytogenes, salmonella spp., some pathogenic strains of escherichia coli, and campylobacter jejuni in 548 raw milk samples from 125 dairy farms established in two regions from southern brazil. ...	2014	24715203
estimation of infectious risks in residential populations exposed to airborne pathogens during center pivot irrigation of dairy wastewaters.	in the western united states where dairy wastewaters are commonly land applied, there are concerns over individuals being exposed to airborne pathogens. in response, a quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) was performed to estimate infectious risks after inhalation exposure of pathogens aerosolized during center pivot irrigation of diluted dairy wastewaters. the dispersion of pathogens (campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli o157:h7, non-o157 e. coli, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonel ...	2014	24697271
reduction of microbiological risk in minced meat by a combination of natural antimicrobials.	responsibility for food safety must be taken through the entire food-production chain, to avoid consumer cross-contamination. the antimicrobial activities of an alpinia katsumadai seed extract and epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), and their combination, were evaluated against individual food-borne pathogenic strains of listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli and campylobacter jejuni, individually and as a cocktail, in chicken-meat juice and sterile minced meat as food models, and in minced meat ...	2014	24532379
use of synthetic genes for cloning, production and functional expression of the bacteriocins enterocin a and bacteriocin e 50-52 by pichia pastoris and kluyveromyces lactis.	the use of synthetic genes may constitute a successful approach for the heterologous production and functional expression of bacterial antimicrobial peptides (bacteriocins) by recombinant yeasts. in this work, synthetic genes with adapted codon usage designed from the mature amino acid sequence of the bacteriocin enterocin a (enta), produced by enterococcus faecium t136, and the mature bacteriocin e 50-52 (bace50-52), produced by e. faecium nrrl b-32746, were synthesized. the synthetic enta and ...	2014	24510220
consumption of raw or unpasteurized milk and milk products by pregnant women and children.	sales of raw or unpasteurized milk and milk products are still legal in at least 30 states in the united states. raw milk and milk products from cows, goats, and sheep continue to be a source of bacterial infections attributable to a number of virulent pathogens, including listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter jejuni, salmonella species, brucella species, and escherichia coli o157. these infections can occur in both healthy and immunocompromised individuals, including older adults, infants, youn ...	2014	24344105
a modified molecular beacons-based multiplex real-time pcr assay for simultaneous detection of eight foodborne pathogens in a single reaction and its application.	foodborne disease outbreaks are often caused by one of the major pathogens. early identification of the causal pathogen is crucial for disease control and prevention. we describe a real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtpcr) assay that can identify, in a single reaction, up to eight common foodborne bacterial pathogens, including salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157, vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. vulnificus, campylobacter jejuni, enterobacter sakazakii ...	2014	24328501
stress response and adaptation of listeria monocytogenes 08-5923 exposed to a sublethal dose of carnocyclin a.	carnocyclin a (ccla) is an antimicrobial peptide produced by carnobacterium maltaromaticum atcc pta-5313, which can be used to control the growth of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat meat products. the aim of this research was to elucidate the cellular responses of l. monocytogenes 08-5923 exposed to a sublethal dose of ccla. microarray, quantitative reverse transcription-pcr, tandem mass spectrometry, and electron microscopy were used to investigate the alteration in gene expression, prote ...	2014	24747893
purification and characterization of antimicrobial peptides from fish isolate carnobacterium maltaromaticum c2: carnobacteriocin x and carnolysins a1 and a2.	carnobacterium maltaromaticum c2, isolated from brazilian smoked fish (surubim, pseudoplatystoma sp.), was found to exert antimicrobial activity against listeria monocytogenes, an important foodborne pathogen. in this study, the bacteriocins produced by c. maltaromaticum c2 were purified via an extraction with xad-16 resin, a c18 solid phase extraction, followed by reversed-phase fast protein liquid chromatography. the purified active fractions were characterized using tandem mass spectrometry, ...	2014	24412962
acipensins - novel antimicrobial peptides from leukocytes of the russian sturgeon acipenser gueldenstaedtii.	antimicrobial peptides (amps) play an important role in the innate defense mechanisms in humans and animals. we have isolated and studied a set of antimicrobial peptides from leukocytes of the russian sturgeon acipenser gueldenstaedtii belonging to a subclass of chondrosteans, an ancient group of bony fish. structural analysis of the isolated peptides, designated as acipensins (ac), revealed in leukocytes of the russian sturgeon six novel peptides with molecular masses of 5336.2 da, 3803.0 da, 5 ...	2014	25558400
acute conditions caused by infectious aortitis.	infection of the aorta is rare but potentially very dangerous. under normal circumstances the aorta is very resistant to infections. following some afflictions, the infection can pass to the aorta from blood or the surrounding tissues. the authors present their 5-year experience with therapy of various types of infections of the abdominal aorta.	2014	26798723
in situ total aortic arch replacement for infected distal aortic arch aneurysms with penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer.	we present a series of patients who underwent in situ total aortic arch replacement for infected distal aortic arch aneurysms.	2014	24607377
preparation and antimicrobial action of three tryptic digested functional molecules of bovine lactoferrin.	lactoferrin is an 80 kda bilobal, iron binding glycoprotein which is primarily antimicrobial in nature. the hydrolysis of lactoferrin by various proteases in the gut produces several functional fragments of lactoferrin which have varying molecular sizes and properties. here, bovine lactoferrin has been hydrolyzed by trypsin, the major enzyme present in the gut, to produce three functional molecules of sizes approximately 21 kda, 38 kda and 45 kda. the molecules have been purified using ion excha ...	2014	24595088
[seroprevalance of brucellosis, listeriosis and toxoplasmosis in cattle in adana province of turkey].	this study was conducted to identify the seroprevalance of diseases which are zoonotic and responsible from abortion such as toxoplasmosis, listeriosis and brucellosis in holstein crossbred cattle of different age and sex in adana province, between 2008 april-september.	2014	25016114
molecular characterization of encephalitic bovine listeriosis from southern brazil.	reports of bovine listeriosis in brazil are uncommon, being restricted to citations within retrospective studies, resulting in scarce documented information of this important disease of cattle. this manuscript describes the molecular findings associated with spontaneous encephalitic listeriosis in two steers from distinct herds within the state of paraná, southern brazil. both animals demonstrated altered consciousness suggestive of brain stem dysfunctions and died a few days after the initial o ...	2014	23832703
chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of six essentials oils from the alliaceae family.	six essential oils (eos) from the alliaceae family, namely garlic (allium sativum), onion (allium cepa), leek (allium porrum), chinese chive (allium tuberosum), shallot (allium ascalonicum) and chive (allium schoenoprasum) were characterized by gc and gc-ms and evaluated for their functional food properties. antibacterial properties were tested on five food-borne pathogens: two gram-positive staphylococcus aureus (atcc 25923), listeria monocytogenes (atcc 19115) and three gram-negative salmonell ...	2014	25470273
detection of salmonella spp. by a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method targeting bcfd gene.	in this study, we developed and validated a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for salmonella detection targeting bcfd gene, a conserved fimbrial operon gene existing in salmonella. the salmonella lamp assay we developed successfully amplified 44 salmonella strains (14 standard strains and 30 clinical isolates), but none of 9 non-salmonella standard strains (proteus mirabilis, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, shigella flexneri, shigella sonnei, k ...	2014	25199410
sonorensin: an antimicrobial peptide, belonging to the heterocycloanthracin subfamily of bacteriocins, from a new marine isolate, bacillus sonorensis mt93.	marine environments are the greatest fronts of biodiversity, representing a resource of unexploited or unknown microorganisms and new substances having potential applications. among microbial products, antimicrobial peptides (amps) have received great attention recently due to their applications as food preservatives and therapeutic agents. a new marine soil isolate producing an amp was identified as bacillus sonorensis based on 16s rrna gene sequence analysis. it produced an amp that showed a b ...	2014	24610839
short communication: homologous expression of recombinant and native thurincin h in an engineered natural producer.	the bacillus bacteriocin thurincin h exhibits a wide inhibitory spectrum of activity against various foodborne pathogens, such as listeria monocytogenes, and dairy spoilage bacteria, especially different bacillus species commonly existing in dairy products. previously, we constructed 3 plasmids to express native thurincin h homologously in an engineered natural producer, bacillus thuringiensis sf361thnh(-). this host is deficient in thurincin h production because of an in-frame deletion of struc ...	2014	24792808
heterologous expression of thuricin cd immunity genes in listeria monocytogenes.	bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized peptides that can have a narrow or broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. bacteriocin producers typically possess dedicated immunity systems that often consist of an atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter system and/or a dedicated immunity protein. here we investigated the genes responsible for immunity to thuricin cd, a narrow-spectrum two-peptide sactibiotic produced by bacillus thuringiensis dpc6431. heterologous expression of putative thuricin cd i ...	2014	24709257
bacillus spp. isolated from the conjunctiva and their potential antimicrobial activity against other eye pathogens.	in this study, we attempted to screen and investigate antibacterial activity of bacillus species, which were isolated from conjunctiva, against other eyes pathogens.	2014	25320585
antimicrobial properties of nisin after glycation with lactose, maltodextrin and dextran and the thyme oil emulsions prepared thereof.	to clarify the reported conflicting antimicrobial activities of nisin after glycation, nisin was glycated with lactose, maltodextrin, and dextran at 70 °c and 50% relative humidity for 1-24 h. nisin before and after glycation was studied for the first time to prepare thyme oil emulsions. the activity of glycated nisin and the thyme oil emulsions was tested in both tryptic soy broth (tsb) and 2% reduced fat milk. results showed that nisin glycated with a smaller saccharide for a longer duration h ...	2014	25240139
a function of diviva in listeria monocytogenes division site selection.	the cell division protein diviva influences protein transport via the accessory seca2 secretion route in listeria monocytogenes. in contrast, diviva from the closely related bacterium bacillus subtilis contributes to division site selection via the mincdj system. however, no classical min phenotype, i.e. filamentation and minicell production was observed with a listerial δdiviva mutant. this has prompted the speculation that division site selection is diviva-independent in l. monocytogenes. we a ...	2014	25185533
recognition of u-rich rna by hfq from the gram-positive pathogen listeria monocytogenes.	hfq is a post-transcriptional regulator that binds u- and a-rich regions of srnas and their target mrnas to stimulate their annealing in order to effect translation regulation and, often, to alter their stability. the functional importance of hfq and its rna-binding properties are relatively well understood in gram-negative bacteria, whereas less is known about the rna-binding properties of this riboregulator in gram-positive species. here, we describe the structure of hfq from the gram-positive ...	2014	25150227
rapid detection of listeria monocytogenes in raw milk and soft cheese by a redox potential measurement based method combined with real-time pcr.	the incidence of outbreaks of foodborne listeriosis has indicated the need for a reliable and rapid detection of the microbe in different foodstuffs. a method combining redox potential measurement and real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed to detect listeria monocytogenes in artificially contaminated raw milk and soft cheese. food samples of 25 g or 25 ml were homogenised in 225 ml of listeria enrichment broth (leb) with oxford supplement, and the redox potential measurement tec ...	2014	25038948
in-vitro assessment of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts and essential oil of thymus hirtus sp. algeriensis.	owing to the complexity of the antioxidant materials and their mechanism of actions, it is obvious that no single testing method is capable of providing a comprehensive picture of the antioxidant profile. the essential oil of the thymus specie may still possess other important activities in traditional medicine, it can be used in the treatment of fever and cough. this essential oil may also have an anticancer activity.	2014	25022197
qualitative detection of class iia bacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria from traditional chinese fermented food using a ygngv-motif-based assay.	in the present study, a ygngv-motif-based assay was developed and applied. given that there is an increasing demand for natural preservatives, we set out to obtain lactic acid bacteria (lab) that produce bacteriocins against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. we here isolated 123 lab strains from 5 types of traditional chinese fermented food and screened them for the production of bacteriocins using the agar well diffusion assay (awda). then, to acquire lab producing class iia bacteriocin ...	2014	24681304
in vitro evaluation of new functional properties of poly-γ-glutamic acid produced by bacillus subtilis d7.	we investigated the functionality of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-pga), which is produced by bacillus subtilis d7, for its potential applications in medicine and cosmetics. the γ-pga had angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) inhibition activity. ace inhibition activity was dependent on the γ-pga concentration; the highest ace inhibition activity was observed at 1.25 mg/l of γ-pga. ic50 (0.108 mg/ml) of the γ-pga was lower than that of standard ace inhibitory drug, n-[(s)-mercapto-2-methylpropionyl]-l-p ...	2014	24600308
investigation of the antimicrobial activity of bacillus licheniformis strains isolated from retail powdered infant milk formulae.	this study investigated the potential antimicrobial activity of ten bacillus licheniformis strains isolated from retail infant milk formulae against a range of indicator (lactococcus lactis, lactobacillus bulgaricus and listeria innocua) and clinically relevant (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus agalactiae, salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli) microorganisms. deferred antagonism assays confirmed that all b. licheniformis isolates show antimicrobial activity aga ...	2014	24676765
novel antilisterial bacteriocin licheniocin 50.2 from bacillus licheniformis vps50.2 isolated from soil sample.	to isolate and characterize bacteriocin, licheniocin 50.2, from soil bacteria identified as bacillus licheniformis.	2014	24238327
intersection of the stringent response and the cody regulon in low gc gram-positive bacteria.	bacteria adapt efficiently to a wide range of nutritional environments. therefore, they possess overlapping regulatory systems that detect intracellular pools of key metabolites. in low gc gram-positive bacteria, two global regulators, the stringent response and the cody repressor, respond to an intracellular decrease in amino acid content. amino acid limitation leads to rapid synthesis of the alarmones pppgpp and ppgpp through the stringent response and inactivates the cody repressor. two cofac ...	2014	24462007
characterization of bacteriocin like inhibitory substance produced by a new strain brevibacillus borstelensis ag1 isolated from 'marcha'.	in the present study, a bacterium isolated from marcha- a herbal cake used as traditional starter culture to ferment local wine in north east india, was evaluated for bacteriocin like inhibitory substance production and was tested against six food borne/spoilage causing pathogens viz. listeria monocytogenes mtcc 839, bacillus subtilis mtcc 121, clostridium perfringens mtcc 450, staphylococcus aureus, lactobacillus plantarum and leuconostoc mesenteroides mtcc 107 by using bit/disc method followed ...	2014	25477937
synthesis, antibacterial, antioxidant activity and qsar studies of novel 2-arylidenehydrazinyl-4-arylthiazole analogues.	a novel series of 2-arylidenehydrazinyl-4-arylthiazole analogues (3a-p) was designed and synthesized in excellent yields using a rapid, simple, efficient methodology. sixteen novel compounds were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activities against eleven bacteria, namely, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, enterococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, klebsiella pneumonia, citrobacter freundii, cronobacter sakazakii, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, yersinia pestis, and pseud ...	2014	25450634
synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of biodegradable films prepared from schiff bases of zein.	pure zein is known to be very hydrophobic, but is still inappropriate for coating and film applications because of their brittle nature. in an attempt to improve the flexibility and the antimicrobial activity of these coatings and films, chemical modification of zein through forming schiff bases with different phenolic aldhydes was tried. influence of this modifications on mechanical, topographical, wetting properties and antimicrobial activity of zein films were evaluated. the chemical structur ...	2014	25328181
antioxidant and antibacterial activities of exopolysaccharides from bifidobacterium bifidum wbin03 and lactobacillus plantarum r315.	the objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of exopolysaccharide (eps) from bifidobacterium bifidum wbin03 (b-eps) and lactobacillus plantarum r315 (l-eps). the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph)-radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical-scavenging, and superoxide radical-scavenging abilities were measured to evaluate antioxidant activity. inhibition of erythrocyte hemolysis and lipid peroxidation was also measured. both b-eps and l-eps had strong sca ...	2014	25282420
reducing pathogens by using zinc oxide nanoparticles and acetic acid in sheep meat.	practical applications of different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mm) of zinc oxide (zno) suspensions containing 1 % acetic acid were investigated against the pathogenic bacteria listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, and bacillus cereus. zno suspensions (0, 1, 3, 6, and 8 mm) containing acetic acid had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of l. monocytogenes, e. coli, and s. aureus during 12 h of incubation, and the 8 mm suspensions of zno were the most ...	2014	25198854
bacteriological quality of vegetables from organic and conventional production in different areas of korea.	foods grown in organic production systems have been described as representing an increased risk to public health compared with foods from conventional production. leafy vegetables (spinach, romaine lettuce, and green sesame leaves) grown in organic and conventional systems were collected from various areas in korea and examined using standard culture methods to compare the microbiological quality of the produce grown in the two agricultural systems. the 354 samples of these leafy vegetables were ...	2014	25198606
biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using lingonberry and cranberry juices and their antimicrobial activity.	in this study lingonberry and cranberry juices were used for silver nanoparticle synthesis. the berry juices were characterized by total phenolics, total anthocyanins and benzoic acid content, respectively 1.9-2.7mg/ml, 55.2-83.4mg/l and 590.8-889.2mg/l. the synthesis of silver nanoparticles was performed at room temperature assisting in solutions irradiated by ultraviolet for 30min. ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) spectroscopy and microscopy confirmed the formation of nanoparticles as well as the ...	2014	24988412
characterization of wastewater effluents releasing from slaughterhouses in and around hyderabad city (india).	the present study was undertaken to determine the pollution load to the environment causing by the wastewater effluents releasing from organized and unorganized slaughterhouses in and around hyderabad city. the wastewater effluents collected from three slaughterhouses, at the sites of releasing out to the surrounding environment,were characterized in terms of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters. the physico-chemical parameters, such as temperature, ph, alkalinity, turbidity, total su ...	2014	26563081
antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties of wines and winery byproducts in relation to their flavonoid content.	grapes produce organic compounds that may be involved in the defense of the plants against invading phytopathogens. these metabolites include numerous phenolic compounds that are also active against human pathogens. grapes are used to produce a variety of wines, grape juices, and raisins. grape pomace, seeds, and skins, the remains of the grapes that are a byproduct of winemaking, also contain numerous bioactive compounds that differ from those found in grapes and wines. this overview surveys an ...	2014	24945318
toxin production and growth of pathogens subjected to temperature fluctuations simulating consumer handling of cold cuts.	it is crucial for the quality and safety of ready-to-eat (rte) foods to maintain the cold chain from production to consumption. the effect of temperature abuse related to daily meals and elevated refrigerator temperatures on the growth and toxin production of bacillus cereus, bacillus weihenstephanensis and staphylococcus aureus and the growth of listeria monocytogenes and yersinia enterocolitica was studied. a case study with temperature loggings in the domestic environment during easter and ch ...	2014	24935689
development of 23 individual taqman® real-time pcr assays for identifying common foodborne pathogens using a single set of amplification conditions.	most of the acute intestinal diseases are caused by foodborne pathogens with infants and elderly people being at major risk. the aim of this study was to develop a procedure to simultaneously detect 20 foodborne pathogens in complex alimentary matrices such as milk, cheese and meat. the list of targets include, among the others, listeria spp., salmonella spp., shigella spp., escherichia coli spp., campylobacter spp., clostridium spp. and staphylococcus aureus. the accuracy of detection was deter ...	2014	24929880
evaluation of indirect impedance for measuring microbial growth in complex food matrices.	the suitability of indirect impedance to accurately measure microbial growth in real food matrices was investigated. a variety of semi-solid and liquid food products were inoculated with bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, lactobacillus plantarum, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, salmonella enteriditis, candida tropicalis or zygosaccharomyces rouxii and co2 production was monitored using a conductimetric (don whitely r.a.b.i.t.) system. the majority (80%) of ...	2014	24929710
radiation-treated ready-to-eat (rte) chicken breast adobo for immuno-compromised patients.	usually in hospitals low-bacterial diets are served to immuno-compromised patients (icps). however, low-bacterial diets still pose a high risk of microbial infections and limit the food selection of the patients. thus, pathogen-free dishes must be made available. this study presents the development of pathogen-free ready-to-eat (rte) filipino ethnic food chicken breast adobo, sterilized by exposure to high-dose gamma rays (25 kgy) in combination with conventional treatments. frozen vacuum-packed ...	2014	24912709
bactericidal thurincin h causes unique morphological changes in bacillus cereus f4552 without affecting membrane permeability.	thurincin h is an antilisterial bacteriocin produced by bacillus thuringiensis sf361. it exhibits inhibitory activity against a wide range of gram-positive foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria including listeria monocytogenes, b. cereus, and b. subtilis. this hydrophobic, anionic bacteriocin folds into a hairpin structure maintained by four pairs of unique sulfur to α-carbon thioether bonds. as its hydrophobicity and structure are quite different from most archived bacteriocins, this study ...	2014	24891232
biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using acacia leucophloea extract and their antibacterial activity.	the immense potential of nanobiotechnology makes it an intensely researched field in modern medicine. green nanomaterial synthesis techniques for medicinal applications are desired because of their biocompatibility and lack of toxic byproducts. we report the toxic byproducts free phytosynthesis of stable silver nanoparticles (agnps) using the bark extract of the traditional medicinal plant acacia leucophloea (fabaceae). visual observation, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and transmission elect ...	2014	24876776
a multiplex pcr assay for simultaneous detection of escherichia coli o157:h7, bacillus cereus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus in korean ready-to-eat food.	a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed for simultaneous detection of escherichia coli o157:h7, bacillus cereus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus in various korean ready-to-eat foods. the six specific primer pairs for multiplex pcr were selected based on the o157 antigen (rfbe) gene of e. coli o157:h7, the dna gyrase subunit b (gyrb) gene of b. cereus, the toxin regulatory protein (toxr) gene of v. parahaemolyticu ...	2014	24796416
in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial features of vasopressors.	drugs administered as intravenous infusion may be contaminated during several stages of production or preparation. however studies focusing on antibacterial effects of vasopressor drugs are very rare. this study investigates the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the clinically used forms of vasopressors.	2014	24794449
a rifamycin inactivating phosphotransferase family shared by environmental and pathogenic bacteria.	many environmental bacteria are multidrug-resistant and represent a reservoir of ancient antibiotic resistance determinants, which have been linked to genes found in pathogens. exploring the environmental antibiotic resistome, therefore, reveals the diversity and evolution of antibiotic resistance and also provides insight into the vulnerability of clinically used antibiotics. in this study, we describe the identification of a highly conserved regulatory motif, the rifampin (rif) -associated ele ...	2014	24778229
phytochemistry and preliminary assessment of the antibacterial activity of chloroform extract of amburana cearensis (allemão) a.c. sm. against klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing strains.	the chloroform extract of the stem bark of amburana cearensis was chemically characterized and tested for antibacterial activity.the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. the main compounds identified were 4-methoxy-3-methylphenol (76.7%), triciclene (3.9%), α -pinene (1.0%), β -pinene (2.2%), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (3.1%). preliminary antibacterial tests were carried out against species of distinct morphophysiological characteristics: escherichia coli, salmonella ...	2014	24772183
water-based oligochitosan and nanowhisker chitosan as potential food preservatives for shelf-life extension of minced pork.	water-based chitosans in the forms of oligochitosan (oligocs) and nanowhisker chitosan (cswk) are proposed as a novel food preservative based on a minced pork model study. the high surface area with a positive charge over the neutral ph range (ph 5-8) of oligocs and cswk lead to an inhibition against gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, and bacillus cereus) and gram-negative microbes (salmonella enteritidis and escherichia coli o157:h7). in the minced pork model, oligocs ...	2014	24767083