Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a novel rt-multiplex pcr for enteroviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses and influenza a virus among infants and children with diarrhea in vietnam. | a novel reverse transcription-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (rt-multiplex pcr) assay that can detect enteroviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses and influenza a virus from various hosts (avian species, human, swine and horse) was developed. the identification of that group of viruses was performed with the mixture of four pairs of published specific primers (f1 and r1, p3 and p4, 2s and 2as, mmu42 and mmu43) for amplifying viral genomes and specifically generated four different amplicon sizes ... | 2005 | 15645373 |
| capped rna transcripts of full-length cdna clones of swine hepatitis e virus are replication competent when transfected into huh7 cells and infectious when intrahepatically inoculated into pigs. | swine hepatitis e virus (swine hev), the first animal strain of hev to be isolated, is a zoonotic agent. we report here the construction and in vitro and in vivo characterizations of infectious cdna clones of swine hev. eight overlapping fragments spanning the entire genome were amplified by reverse transcription-pcr and assembled into a full-length cdna clone, clone c, which contained 14 mutations compared to the consensus sequence of swine hev. rna transcripts from clone c were not infectious, ... | 2005 | 15650181 |
| evidence of recombination between divergent hepatitis e viruses. | phylogenetic and recombination analysis was performed on 32 complete hepatitis e virus (hev) genomes from infected humans and pigs. for the first time, evidence for recombination between divergent hev strains was obtained, with at least two strains being found to have discordant phylogenetic relationships consistent with the occurrence of intragenotype recombination. this finding confirms that humans can be dually infected with divergent hev strains and has implications for the emergence and evo ... | 2005 | 15994825 |
| a subunit vaccine against hemorrhagic enteritis adenovirus. | hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev) is an adenovirus that infects turkeys and causes immunosuppression and mortality. the virus used for the inactivated vaccine is extracted from spleens of infected turkeys, since its propagation in tissue cultures or embryonated eggs is unsuitable for mass production. the aim of this study was to develop a subunit vaccine based on a capsid protein of the virus. the knob protein, together with an adjacent part of the shaft domain pertaining to the fiber protein of ... | 2005 | 15998555 |
| ephrin-b2 ligand is a functional receptor for hendra virus and nipah virus. | hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) belong to the genus henipavirus of the family paramyxoviridae and are unique in that they exhibit a broad species tropism and cause fatal disease in both animals and humans. they infect cells through a ph-independent membrane fusion process mediated by their fusion and attachment glycoproteins. previously, we demonstrated identical cell fusion tropisms for hev and niv and the protease-sensitive nature of their unknown cell receptor and identified a human ... | 2005 | 15998730 |
| identification of novel human hepatitis e virus (hev) isolates and determination of the seroprevalence of hev in korea. | hepatitis e virus (hev) was originally identified as the causative agent of enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis. recently, hev isolates were subsequently identified in humans and swine in many countries, including korea. also, public concerns regarding hev as a potential zoonotic agent have been increasing. therefore, we attempted to identify hev from korean sera and compare the nucleotide sequences with those of previously identified hev isolates from other countries. in our study, v ... | 2005 | 16000413 |
| u.s. military sponsored vaccine trials and la resistance in nepal. | 2005 | 16006352 | |
| serological evidence of hepatitis e virus infection in different animal species from the southeast of brazil. | serological evidence of hepatitis e virus infection (hev) has been observed in both humans and different animal species living in non-endemic areas, suggesting that animals could be important reservoir for virus transmission to man. antibodies to hev have been detected in some brazilian population groups. nevertheless, sporadic cases of acute hev infection have never been reported. we collected 271 serum samples from several domestic animals and also from pig handlers from southeast of brazil in ... | 2005 | 16021297 |
| [a new pcr-based in vitro neutralization assay of hepatitis b virus]. | to establish a pcr-based neutralization assay of hepatitis b virus (hbv), which may be applied for detecting neutralizing antibodies against hbv and used as an in vitro model to screen new hbv vaccines. | 2005 | 16027790 |
| [genotyping of hepatitis e virus by pcr combining with single restriction endonuclease analysis]. | to develop a simple method for genotyping of hepatitis e virus (hev) and to investigate hev genotype distribution in nanjing area. | 2005 | 16027792 |
| acute viral hepatitis in third trimester of pregnancy. | 2005 | 16041115 | |
| [detection of igm antibodies against hepatitis e virus]. | hepatitis e virus is the main enterically transmitted non a non b hepatitis agent. the host igm response in the acute infection phase is short lived. therefore, only igg antibodies against e virus are usually investigated. | 2005 | 16075127 |
| [viral hepatitis e. the problems of its study]. | the paper presents the results of investigations of hepatitis e (he), which have been made at the department of viral hepatitides, m. p. chumakov institute of poliomyelitis and viral encephalitides, russian academy of medical sciences. m. s. balayan's discovery of hepatitis e virus permitted etiological interpretation of the cases of so-called non-a, non-b hepatitis with its fecal and oral transmission. the detection of antibodies to he virus among different groups of the population of russia (i ... | 2005 | 16078429 |
| sequence motif upstream of the hendra virus fusion protein cleavage site is not sufficient to promote efficient proteolytic processing. | the hendra virus fusion (hev f) protein is synthesized as a precursor, f(0), and proteolytically cleaved into the mature f(1) and f(2) heterodimer, following an hdlvdgvk(109) motif. this cleavage event is required for fusogenic activity. to determine the amino acid requirements for processing of the hev f protein, we constructed multiple mutants. individual and simultaneous alanine substitutions of the eight residues immediately upstream of the cleavage site did not eliminate processing. a chime ... | 2005 | 16083935 |
| thermal stability of hepatitis e virus. | the thermal stability of virulent hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis a virus (hav) was compared. fecal suspensions of virus were heated to temperatures between 45 degrees c and 70 degrees c, and residual infectivity was determined in a cell culture system that was permissive for both viruses. although hev was less stable than was hav, some hev would most likely survive the internal temperatures of rare-cooked meat. | 2005 | 16088844 |
| [igm to recombinant antigen e2 of hev envelope protein is a sensitive and specific serological marker in diagnosis of acute hepatitis e]. | to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of igm to recombinant antigen e2 of hev envelope protein in the diagnosis of acute sporadic hepatitis e. | 2005 | 16092982 |
| acute hepatitis e virus infection in a cuban patient. | 2005 | 16099699 | |
| construction and characterization of infectious cdna clones of a chicken strain of hepatitis e virus (hev), avian hev. | hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, is an important human pathogen. increasing evidence indicates that hepatitis e is a zoonosis. avian hev was recently discovered in chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the usa. like swine hev from pigs, avian hev is also genetically and antigenically related to human hev. the objective of this study was to construct and characterize an infectious cdna clone of avian hev for future studies of hev replication and pathogenesis ... | 2005 | 16099918 |
| hepatitis e infections, victoria, australia. | in the first half of 2004, acute hepatitis e virus infections diagnosed in victoria, australia, increased 7-fold. of the interviewed patients with highly reactive serologic results, 90% reported recent clinically compatible illness and overseas travel. the increase is compared with a background of exposure in countries in which hepatitis e is endemic. | 2005 | 15757573 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis a and e virus infection in brazil. | this review has the objective to discuss the epidemiological aspects of the enterically transmitted hepatitis a and e in brazil. the prevalence of hepatitis a varies greatly in different brazilian regions, from 56% in south and southeast to 93% in north region (manaus, amazon). such differences are also found in different socioeconomic levels among age groups. a significantly higher prevalence was seen in the low socioeconomic group between 1-30 years. this difference is most striking in the fir ... | 2005 | 15771857 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus in residents of a district in havana, cuba. | a seroepidemiological study of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection was conducted in a district of havana, where hepatitis a virus (hav) is considered endemic. the levels of anti-hev antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on the recombinant protein gst-orf2.1. anti-hev antibodies were detected in 11 of 209 (5.3%) of serum samples, compared to 71.3% for anti-hav antibodies. no risk factors reported previously for hev infection showed a significant association wi ... | 2005 | 15779049 |
| analysis of hepatitis e virus neutralization sites using monoclonal antibodies directed against a virus capsid protein. | the dimeric form of the recombinant peptide (e2), comprising amino acid 394-606 of the capsid protein of hepatitis e virus (hev), is strongly recognized by hev reactive human serum, and when used as a vaccine, it protects rhesus monkeys against experimental hev infection. in this work, the relationship of e2 to hev has been probed using three murine monoclonal antibodies, 8c11, 13d8 and 8h3, all of which react predominantly against the e2 dimer, and can effect immune capture of the virus as well ... | 2005 | 15780737 |
| a bacterially expressed particulate hepatitis e vaccine: antigenicity, immunogenicity and protectivity on primates. | it was evaluated its antigenicity, immunogenicity and efficacy of a candidate recombinant hepatitis e virus (hev) vaccine, referred hitherto as hev 239 vaccine. the vaccine peptide has a 26 amino acids extension from the n terminal of another peptide, e2, of the hev capsid protein, which has been shown to protect monkeys against hev infection previously. the vaccine peptide is similar as e2 in that: first, the vaccine peptide migrates predominantly as dimer in sds-page and it is dissociated into ... | 2005 | 15780738 |
| replication of a recombinant hepatitis e virus genome tagged with reporter genes and generation of a short-term cell line producing viral rna and proteins. | hepatitis e virus (hev) replication has been demonstrated in hepg2 cells transfected with full-length in vitro transcripts of an infectious cdna clone. this cdna clone was modified to generate several subgenomic hev replicons with fused reporter genes. in vitro-transcribed capped rnas generated from these were transfected into hepg2 cells. negative-strand rna was detected, indicating the occurrence of replication. the replicon containing an in-frame fusion of hev orf2 with enhanced green fluores ... | 2005 | 15784913 |
| acute hepatitis e of a man who consumed wild boar meat prior to the onset of illness in nagasaki, japan. | zoonotic infection of hepatitis e virus (hev) has been suggested. to date, pigs, deer, and wild boar have been implicated as reservoirs of hev in japan. however, it is not known to what extent zoonotic transmission of hev play roles of causing hev transmission. in the present report, we describe a case of acute hepatitis e in which a transmission of hev by a zoonotic transmission is strongly suggested. the patient had eaten grilled wild boar meat 59 days prior to onset of acute hepatitis. althou ... | 2005 | 15792639 |
| associated factors in modulating aflatoxin b1-albumin adduct level in three chinese populations. | to elucidate the potential factors modulating exposure to aflatoxin b1 (afb1) in three chinese populations, an epidemiologic study was conducted in fusui county and nanning city of guangxi province and chengdu city of sichuan province. the incidence rates of hepatocelluar carcinoma (hcc) for males in these three regions were 92-97 per 100,000, 32-47 per 100,000, and 21 per 100,000, respectively. eighty-nine residents from fusui, 196 residents from nanning, and 118 residents from chengdu were scr ... | 2005 | 15810636 |
| identification of genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev) in serum and fecal samples from pigs in thailand and mexico, where genotype 1 and 2 hev strains are prevalent in the respective human populations. | hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, is an important public health concern in many developing countries. increasing evidence indicates that hepatitis e is a zoonotic disease. there exist four major genotypes of hev, and hev isolates identified in samples from pigs belong to either genotype 3 or 4. genotype 1 and 2 hevs are found exclusively in humans. to determine whether genotype 1 and 2 hevs also exist in pigs, a universal reverse transcription-pcr assay that is capable ... | 2005 | 15814985 |
| a truncated orf2 protein contains the most immunogenic site on orf2: antibody responses to non-vaccine sequences following challenge of vaccinated and non-vaccinated macaques with hepatitis e virus. | a candidate hepatitis e vaccine is composed of amino acids (aa) 112-607 of the 660-aa protein encoded by open reading frame 2 (orf2) of hepatitis e virus (hev). we have studied the antibody response to vaccine-associated epitopes and to epitopes excluded from the vaccine to determine if important epitopes were omitted from the vaccine and if antibody responses to these regions could be used to differentiate between infection and vaccination. elisas were developed based on genotype 1 orf2 peptide ... | 2005 | 15837215 |
| acute hepatitis e complicated by acute pancreatitis: a case report and literature review. | the coincidence of viral hepatitis and acute pancreatitis is well described. most of the cases are related to acute hepatitis a or b. hepatitis e virus (hev) infections are rare in europe, and very few reports describe hev as a causative agent of acute pancreatitis in areas of endemic hepatitis e prevalence. we report a case of acute pancreatitis in the course of acute hepatitis e in a 28-year-old male patient. the majority of reported cases, including our case, show several common epidemiologic ... | 2005 | 15841052 |
| prevention of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e by donor-initiated self exclusion. | safety in blood transfusion has all along been focused on blood borne viruses like hiv, hepatitis b and c. however, infective agents that are not usually transmitted through blood may also pose risk to transfusion if the donor gives blood in the early-viraemic phase. a case report of potential transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e (hev) is described. it shows the virus can be transmissible via blood because of the presence of hev rna in the blood donated. pre-donation health screening was unable t ... | 2005 | 15859980 |
| comparison of a new immunochromatographic test to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rapid detection of immunoglobulin m antibodies to hepatitis e virus in human sera. | an immunochromatographic test for rapid detection of igm antibodies in patients with acute hepatitis e infection was developed utilizing the well-characterized recombinant protein ep2.1 and monoclonal antibody 4b2. the new rapid test based on a novel reverse-flow technology was able to generate a positive result within 2 to 3 min. our study showed that this test was able to detect anti-hev igm antibodies in 96.7% of the patient samples tested (n = 151) while maintaining an excellent specificity ... | 2005 | 15879020 |
| a patient with clinical features of acute hepatitis e viral infection and autoimmune hepatitis. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of the major causative agents of acute hepatitis in many developing countries. recent intensive examination has revealed the existence of non-imported cases in industrialized countries. the patient was a 25-year-old japanese female with acute hepatitis. laboratory test demonstrated positive anti-nuclear antibody (ana), anti-smooth muscle antibody (asma) and high level of serum immunoglobulin g (igg). the patient was negative for serum markers of hepatitis a, b or c ... | 2005 | 15888974 |
| the open reading frame 3 gene of hepatitis e virus contains a cis-reactive element and encodes a protein required for infection of macaques. | an infectious cdna clone of hepatitis e virus was mutated in order to prevent synthesis of either open reading frame 2 (orf2) protein or orf3 protein. huh-7 cells transfected with an orf2-null mutant produced orf3, and those transfected with an orf3-null mutant produced orf2. silent mutations introduced into a highly conserved nucleotide sequence in the orf3 coding region eliminated the synthesis of both orf2 and orf3 proteins, suggesting that it comprised a cis-reactive element. a mutant that w ... | 2005 | 15890906 |
| receptor binding, fusion inhibition, and induction of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies by a soluble g glycoprotein of hendra virus. | hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) are closely related emerging viruses comprising the henipavirus genus of the paramyxovirinae, which are distinguished by their ability to cause fatal disease in both animal and human hosts. these viruses infect cells by a ph-independent membrane fusion event mediated by their attachment (g) and fusion (f) glycoproteins. previously, we reported on hev- and niv-mediated fusion activities and detailed their host-cell tropism characteristics. these studies al ... | 2005 | 15890907 |
| possible risk factors for the transmission of hepatitis e virus and for the severe form of hepatitis e acquired locally in hokkaido, japan. | hepatitis e in industrialized countries has not been well studied. to define the possible risk factors for transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) and for the severe form of hepatitis e in japan, we investigated the clinical and virological characteristics of hepatitis e in 32 patients who contracted the mild (n=23) or severe form (n=9) of domestically acquired hepatitis e between 1996 and 2004 in hokkaido, where hepatitis e is most prevalent in japan. nine patients with the severe form of hepat ... | 2005 | 15902701 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in hemodialysis patients: a seroepidemiological survey in iran. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) has a global distribution and is known to have caused large waterborne epidemics of icteric hepatitis. transmission is generally via the fecal-oral route. some reports have suggested parenteral transmission of hev. anti-hev prevalence data among chronic hemodialysis (hd) patients are few and give conflicting results. | 2005 | 15904504 |
| simultaneous detection of immunoglobulin a (iga) and igm antibodies against hepatitis e virus (hev) is highly specific for diagnosis of acute hev infection. | serum samples collected from 68 patients (age, mean +/- the standard deviation [sd], 56.3 +/- 12.8 years) at admission who were subsequently molecularly diagnosed as having hepatitis e and from 2,781 individuals who were assumed not to have been recently infected with hepatitis e virus (hev; negative controls; 52.9 +/- 18.9 years), were tested for immunoglobulin m (igm) and iga classes of antibodies to hev (anti-hev) by in-house solid-phase enzyme immunoassay with recombinant open reading frame ... | 2005 | 15634950 |
| acute hepatitis and renal function impairment related to infection by hepatitis e virus in a renal allograft recipient. | clinicians often are faced with an increase in liver enzyme levels. in the majority of cases, the cause is found rapidly. conversely, in a few cases, the etiologic agent remains unknown and requires either liver biopsy or drug-medication modification. we report a case of acute icteric hepatitis associated with renal function impairment related to infection caused by primary hepatitis e virus (hev) in a renal transplant recipient who lived in a nonclassic endemic area and had not traveled abroad. ... | 2005 | 15696460 |
| hepatitis e virus infection with nonimmune hemolytic anemia. | 2005 | 15699702 | |
| serological markers of hepatitis b, c, and e viruses and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infections in pregnant women in bali, indonesia. | except for hepatitis b virus (hbv), there have been few data on serological markers of hepatitis viruses such as hepatitis c virus (hcv) and e virus (hev), and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv) in bali, indonesia. during 5 months from april to august 2003, sera were collected from 2,450 pregnant women at eight jurisdictions in bali, and they were tested for markers of these viruses. only one (0.04%) was positive for antibody to hcv, but none for antibody to hiv. hepatitis b surface antig ... | 2005 | 15714491 |
| [effects on health of water and food contamination by emergent human viruses]. | the development of molecular technologies applied to environmental studies has shown that even in highly industrialized countries there is a high prevalence of viruses in the environment that represents an important impact on public health and substantial economic losses mainly related to the transmission of viruses through water and food. significant concentrations of viruses are detected in the water flowed to the environment and in the biosolids generated in wastewater treatment plants. this ... | 2005 | 15913059 |
| correlation between positivity for immunoglobulin a antibodies and viraemia of swine hepatitis e virus observed among farm pigs in japan. | to evaluate the usefulness of detection of antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) to screen for viraemic pigs, serum samples obtained from 1425 1-6-month-old pigs in japan were tested for swine hev rna and igg, igm and iga classes of anti-hev antibody. fifty-five (5 %) of the 1071 2-5-month-old pigs were positive for swine hev rna, but none of 218 1-month-old pigs or 136 6-month-old pigs had detectable hev rna. the prevalence of anti-hev igg among the viraemic pigs (67 %, 37/55) was similar to th ... | 2005 | 15914860 |
| pcr screening for candidate etiological agents of canine hepatitis. | hepatitis, either acute or chronic, is a relatively common hepatic disease in dogs. several forms of canine hepatitis can occur, some with a defined cause, most cases have an unknown etiology. the similarities between canine hepatitis and human viral hepatitis suggest that canine hepatitis may have a viral etiology too. | 2005 | 15917133 |
| hev, ttv and gbv-c/hgv markers in patients with acute viral hepatitis. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of hev, ttv and gbv-c/gbv-c/hgv in patients with acute viral hepatitis a, b and non-a-c. we evaluated sera of 94 patients from a sentinel program who had acute hepatitis a (n = 40), b (n = 42) and non-a-c (n = 12); 71 blood donors served as controls. igm and anti-hev igg antibodies were detected by enzyme immunoassay using commercial kits. ttv and gbv-c/hgv were detected by nested pcr; genotyping was done by sequencing and phylogenetic ... | 2005 | 15917959 |
| a case of acute hepatitis with positive autoantibodies who actually had hepatitis e virus infection. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of the major causative agents of acute hepatitis in many developing countries. on the other hand, recent intensive investigation has revealed the existence of non-imported cases in industrialized countries. we encountered a sporadic patient with hepatitis e in 1999, who had had no recent travel abroad. he was a 67-year-old japanese, and his laboratory data were negative for serum markers of hepatitis a, b and c virus infection and positive anti-nuclear antibody, an ... | 2005 | 15923136 |
| promoter and intron-1 region polymorphisms in the ifng gene in patients with hepatitis e. | allelic and genotype variations in the promoter region and the dinucleotide (ca)(n) repeat region in intron 1 of the interferon-g (ifng) gene were analysed by direct sequencing and simple sequence length polymorphism (sslp), respectively, in patients with acute hepatitis, and the prevalence was compared with that in healthy controls. our results showed a significant association of heterozygous genotypes (ca)12/(ca)14 and (ca)12/(ca)16 in intron 1 of the ifng gene in all categories of patients wi ... | 2005 | 15932627 |
| immunological alterations in pregnant women with acute hepatitis e. | infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis in several developing countries. although usually self-limiting and benign, the disease is particularly severe among pregnant women, with mortality rates reaching 15-20%. | 2005 | 15955220 |
| viroporin activity of murine hepatitis virus e protein. | the viroporin activity of the e protein from murine hepatitis virus (mhv), a member of the coronaviruses, was analyzed. viroporins are a growing family of viral proteins able to enhance membrane permeability, promoting virus budding. initially, the mhv e gene was inducibly expressed in escherichia coli cells, leading to the arrest of bacterial growth, cell lysis and permeabilization to different compounds. thus, exit of labeled nucleotides from e. coli cells to the cytoplasm was apparent upon ex ... | 2005 | 15963987 |
| mutational analysis of essential interactions involved in the assembly of hepatitis e virus capsid. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) capsid consists of a single structural protein, a portion of which is engaged in isosahedral contact to form a basal shell, and another portion in dimeric contact to form the homodimers protruding from the shell. previous studies revealed that homodimers of the truncated hev capsid proteins, e2 (amino acids 394-606) and p239 (amino acids 368-606), model dominant antigenic determinants of hev. immunization with these proteins protected rhesus monkeys against the virus, ... | 2005 | 15557331 |
| in vitro and in vivo mutational analysis of the 3'-terminal regions of hepatitis e virus genomes and replicons. | hepatitis e virus (hev) replication is not well understood, mainly because the virus does not infect cultured cells efficiently. however, huh-7 cells transfected with full-length genomes produce open reading frame 2 protein, indicative of genome replication (6). to investigate the role of 3'-terminal sequences in rna replication, we constructed chimeric full-length genomes with divergent 3'-terminal sequences of genotypes 2 and 3 replacing that of genotype 1 and transfected them into huh-7 cells ... | 2005 | 15613330 |
| hepatitis e virus transmission from wild boar meat. | we investigated a case of hepatitis e acquired after persons ate wild boar meat. genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev) rna was detected in both patient serum and wild boar meat. these findings provided direct evidence of zoonotic foodborne transmission of hev from a wild boar to a human. | 2005 | 16485490 |
| bovine serum albumin antibodies as a disease marker for hepatitis e virus infection. | this report evaluates the significance of antibody/bovine serum albumin (bsa) interactions as a risk factor for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis e. serum samples from 40 patients with acute hepatitis e and from 40 age/sex matched healthy adult subjects were tested for iga, igg, and igm by elisa and by turbidimetric assay. bsa was used as a target to characterize changes in levels of interacting immunoglobulins. initial results obtained before removal of antibodies that interacted with bsa sugges ... | 2005 | 16489265 |
| hepatitis e virus chimeric dna vaccine elicits immunologic response in mice. | to construct the plasmid pchev23 containing fragments of hev orf2 and orf3 chimeric gene and to assess its ability to elicit specific immunologic response in mice. | 2005 | 16425371 |
| [molecular detection of hepatitis e virus in non-imported hepatitis case--identification of a potential new human hepatitis e virus lineage in hungary]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) one of the most common cause of hepatitis in endemic areas. however recently demonstrated that human infection may occur in developed countries without any travel history and that swine may act as a reservoir. | 2005 | 16398151 |
| [hepatitis e]. | hepatitis e is an important public health disease in developing countries where sanitary conditions are not well established. in developed countries, it is sporadic and mainly "imported". the causative agent of hepatitis e, hepatitis e virus (hev), is a single-stranded positive-sense rna virus, that belongs to the genus hepevirus in the family hepeviridae. recent development of specific hev rna and hev antibody detection revealed cases of indigenous hev infection. many cases are associated with ... | 2005 | 16363698 |
| non-travel-associated hepatitis e in england and wales: demographic, clinical, and molecular epidemiological characteristics. | between 1996 and 2003, 186 cases of hepatitis e were serologically diagnosed. of these, 17 (9%) were not associated with recent travel abroad. patients were >55 years old (range, 56-82 years old) and tended to be male (76%). two patients presented with fulminant hepatitis. a total of 129 (69%) cases were associated with recent travel to countries where hepatitis e virus (hev) is hyperendemic. compared with patients with travel-associated disease, patients with non-travel-associated disease were ... | 2005 | 16136458 |
| the 41-amino-acid c-terminal region of the hepatitis e virus orf3 protein interacts with bikunin, a kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a human plus-stranded rna virus, contains three open reading frames (orf). of these, orf1 encodes the viral nonstructural polyprotein, orf2 encodes the major capsid protein, and orf3 codes for a phosphoprotein of undefined function. recently, using the yeast two-hybrid system to screen a human cdna liver library, we have isolated and characterized ambp (alpha1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor), which specifically interacts with the orf3 protein of hev. the orf3 protein ex ... | 2005 | 16140784 |
| [seroepidemiological characterization of virus hepatitis in the republic of armenia]. | the survey of the population immunological structure with respect to parenteral hepatitis showed awide circulation of hepatitis b (hb) and hepatitis c (hc) viruses among the adult population of armenia. during the 5 year period of observation the number of persons having antibodies to hc virus increased 2.7-fold. high occurrence of antibodies to hbsag of hb virus among the healthy population in 2002 (12.0%) in comparison with 1997 (5.4%) reflected a decreased infection rate with hb virus as well ... | 2005 | 16279546 |
| evaluation of a new rapid immunochromatographic assay for serodiagnosis of acute hepatitis e infection. | a rapid and reliable diagnostic assay for acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is needed. we evaluated a rapid, immunochromatographic assay for igm antibodies to hev (assure hev igm rapid test) using acute-phase hev samples (n = 200) from indonesia and nepal and convalescent-phase hev samples (n = 70) from nepal. blood donors in thailand (n = 100), individuals with hepatitis a (n = 80), hepatitis b (n = 45), and hepatitis c (n = 50) in thailand and nepal, acute-phase sera of individuals with ... | 2005 | 16282308 |
| analysis of the full-length genome of hepatitis e virus isolates obtained from wild boars in japan. | two (2.3 %) of 87 wild-caught boars in japan had detectable hepatitis e virus (hev) rna. the two boar hev isolates (wbjts1 and wbjyg1) obtained in the present study and a previously reported isolate (wbjsg1) whose partial sequence had been determined were sequenced over the entire genome. the wbjsg1, wbjts1 and wbjyg1 isolates comprised 7225 or 7226 nt, excluding the poly(a) tail, and segregated into genotype 3. they differed by 8.5-11.2 % from each other and by 8.6-18.4 % from 17 reported genot ... | 2005 | 16298977 |
| [endemic hepatitis e infections in south-east hungary]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) one of the most important infectious agent in acute hepatitis in tropical and subtropical areas. recently, it has been demonstrated that hev infection also occur in developed countries without travel history. in these regions, transmission thought to be zoonotic. in this work hepatitis e cases are detected in south east hungary. | 2005 | 16304810 |
| infectious swine hepatitis e virus is present in pig manure storage facilities on united states farms, but evidence of water contamination is lacking. | fresh feces, manure slurry (from earthen lagoons and/or concrete pits), and drinking and surface water samples were collected from 28 pig farms in the midwestern united states. all samples were tested for hepatitis e virus (hev) rna by reverse transcription-pcr. seven of 28 farms had fecal samples that contained hev. of 22 farms where pit samples were accessible, 15 contained hev, and of 8 farms that had lagoons, 3 contained hev. the highest virus titers were 10 and 10(3) genome equivalents per ... | 2005 | 16332757 |
| hepatitis e virus: overseas epidemics and victorian travellers. | 2005 | 16274355 | |
| epidemiology and genotypes of hev in wuhan. | understanding the genotype and clinical features of the hepatitis e virus (hev) are important for understanding its characteristics, for evaluating region-specific diagnostic assays, and producing vaccines. | 2005 | 16246227 |
| genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis e virus in darfur, sudan, and neighboring chad. | the within-outbreak diversity of hepatitis e virus (hev) was studied during the outbreak of hepatitis e that occurred in sudan in 2004. specimens were collected from internally displaced persons living in a sudanese refugee camp and two camps implanted in chad. a comparison of the sequences in the orf2 region of 23 sudanese isolates and five hev samples from the two chadian camps displayed a high similarity (>99.7%) to strains belonging to genotype 1. but four isolates collected in one of the ch ... | 2005 | 16254969 |
| [a new case of native viral hepatitis e in the center of france]. | 2005 | 16518294 | |
| [hepatitis e infections as a world wide problem]. | 2005 | 16457075 | |
| [detection and analysis of partial sequences isolated from human and swine in rural area of southern china]. | to study the genotype of swines isolated from humans and their relationships with hepatitis e virus (hev) in the rural areas of southern china. | 2005 | 16676596 |
| [diagnostic tests: hepatitis e viral marker]. | 2005 | 16111291 | |
| outbreak of viral hepatitis e in a regimental training centre. | an outbreak of viral hepatitis occurred in a regimental centre with 265 cases occurring during a 3 months period. | 2005 | 27407798 |
| complete or near-complete nucleotide sequences of hepatitis e virus genome recovered from a wild boar, a deer, and four patients who ate the deer. | zoonosis has been implicated in hepatitis e virus (hev) transmission. we examined wild boar living in a forest of hyogo prefecture, japan, and found hev rna in three of seven boars. a full-genome hev isolate from one of them was revealed to be 99.7% identical to a previous isolate from a wild deer hunted in the same forest and to those from four patients who contracted hepatitis e after eating raw meat of the deer. these findings suggest an interspecies hev transmission between boar and deer in ... | 2004 | 15567444 |
| age-wise exposure rates to hepatitis e virus in a southern indian patient population without liver disease. | to determine the age-stratified exposure to hepatitis e virus (hev) in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in southern india, serum samples from 600 individuals were tested using a commercial hev igg enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. subjects were composed of blood donors, antenatal women, and pre-operative individuals who were negative for hepatitis b surface antigen and antibody to hepatitis c virus with no evidence of liver disease; 200 each were 1-5 and 6-15 years old and 100 each w ... | 2004 | 15569803 |
| running like water--the omnipresence of hepatitis e. | 2004 | 15575050 | |
| detection of hepatitis e virus in patients sera in southern spain. | the aim of the present study was to detect acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in patients with abnormal alanine transaminase (alt) in which other viral hepatitis infections had been excluded in southern spain, an area adjacent to regions where this disease is endemic. of 336 sera tested 30 (8.92%) were positive for igm antibodies against hev (anti-hev igm) and 7 (2.08%) were negative in a repeated assay. immunoblot analysis (iba) was applied to the 37 positive sera in the first assay; its r ... | 2004 | 15595216 |
| hepatitis e virus antibodies in hemodialysis patients: an epidemiological survey in central greece. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the causative agent for enteric non-a, non-b hepatitis. transmission is mainly via the fecal-oral route but the possibility of an additional parenteric transmission has been raised. patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (hd) have an increased risk of exposure to blood transmitted agents. previous studies concerning prevalence of antibodies to hev (anti-hev) among hd patients gave conflicting results. the aim of the study presented here was to determine the prevalenc ... | 2004 | 15560678 |
| a nonpolio enterovirus with respiratory tropism causes poliomyelitis in intercellular adhesion molecule 1 transgenic mice. | coxsackievirus a21 (cav21) is classified within the species human enterovirus c (hev-c) of the enterovirus genus of picornaviruses. hev-c share striking homology with the polioviruses (pv), their closest kin among the enteroviruses. despite a high level of sequence identity, cav21 and pv cause distinct clinical disease typically attributed to their differential use of host receptors. pv cause poliomyelitis, whereas cav21 shares a receptor and a propensity to cause upper respiratory tract infecti ... | 2004 | 15353596 |
| false-positive result provided by rapid heterophile antibody test in a case of acute infection with hepatitis e virus. | 2004 | 15365060 | |
| [construction and expression of single-chain antibody of neutralizing monoclonal antibody 13d8 against hepatitis e virus]. | to weaken the immunogenicity of the neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) 13d8 against hepatitis e virus and express its scfv. | 2004 | 15367346 |
| hepatitis e in the south west of france in individuals who have never visited an endemic area. | a total of 431 consecutive patients from the midi pyrenees area with acute hepatitis with unknown etiology in 2001-2002 were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin g-class (igg) anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) antibodies. forty-six (10.7%) had anti-hev igg, and the results were questionable for a further 17 (3.9%). real time pcr based on taqman detection was used to identify hev genome fragments in the serum of patients with positive or questionable anti-hev serology. hev rna was found in 25.4% ... | 2004 | 15368508 |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis e virus infection among preschool children in taiwan. | in order to study the seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among preschool children in taiwan, a community-based survey was carried out in 54 kindergartens in 10 urban areas, 10 rural areas, and 2 aboriginal areas randomly selected through stratified sampling. serum specimens of 2,538 preschool children were screened for hev antibodies (anti-hev) by a commercially available enzyme immunoassay. the odd ratios (or) with 95% confidence intervals (ci) were estimated through multiple l ... | 2004 | 15368521 |
| detection of enteric viruses, giardia and cryptosporidium in two different types of drinking water treatment facilities. | in this study, two types of drinking water treatment facilities (two conventional drinking water treatment plants (dwtps) and two compact units (cus)) were compared referring to their production capacity. water samples were collected from three main points: (a) different water treatment steps (b) washings of sand filters and (c) distribution system at different distances from the water treatment plants. both viruses and protozoa were concentrated from each water sample by adsorption and accumula ... | 2004 | 15380983 |
| [structure of hev]. | 2004 | 15453373 | |
| [structure and function of hev genome]. | 2004 | 15453374 | |
| [genetic diversity and mutation of hepatitis e virus]. | 2004 | 15453375 | |
| [hepatitis e as a zoonosis]. | 2004 | 15453377 | |
| [clinical features of acute hepatitis e in sapporo]. | 2004 | 15453378 | |
| [outline of hepatitis e]. | 2004 | 15453379 | |
| [detection of antibodies of hev]. | 2004 | 15453380 | |
| [detection of hev-rna]. | 2004 | 15453381 | |
| [hepatitis e vaccine]. | 2004 | 15453382 | |
| [hepatitis a and e enterically transmitted virus infections of the liver]. | hepatitis a virus (a picornavirus) and hepatitis e virus (so far unclassified) are small, non-enveloped and relatively stable rna viruses with many similar, yet, not identical characteristics. both viruses are transmitted preferentially by the fecal-oral route. consequently, their spread is favoured by poor personal hygiene and inappropriate sanitary conditions. infection can pass subclinically, take an acute and self limiting course, and can also manifest as fulminant hepatitis with liver failu ... | 2004 | 15457963 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis a, b, c and e virus markers among patients with elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in phnom penh (cambodia) and nha trang (central vietnam)]. | in order to describe the respective part of viral hepatitis in liver diseases observed in cambodia and vietnam, ninety consecutive patients with aspartate aminotransferase (ast) and alanine aminotransferase (alt) > or = 100 ul/l were tested for hepatitis a, b, c and e markers in phnom penh and nha trang. the markers were igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav igm), hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcvab) and igg antibodies to hepatitis e virus (an ... | 2004 | 15462195 |
| molecular investigation of hepatitis e virus infection in domestic and miniature pigs used for medical experiments. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is highly prevalent among domestic pigs in japan. it has been reported that pig handlers such as farmers and veterinarians are at increased risk of contracting hev infection. pigs are regarded as the most acceptable candidate animals for xenotransplantation and, recently, they are being used as experimental animals. | 2004 | 15479459 |
| evidence for hepatitis e virus quasispecies. | the genetic diversity of hepatitis e virus (hev) has been extensively analysed during the last decade. most sporadic and epidemic hev strains are distributed into genotypes or groups. nevertheless, few studies have looked at the polymorphism of hev strains isolated from a given outbreak. a serum bank collected in tanefdour, algeria, during an acute hepatitis epidemic (1986-1987), retrospectively confirmed as hepatitis e, was analysed. of the 69 serum samples collected within an 8-week period, 23 ... | 2004 | 15483231 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection among hemodialysis patients in japan: evidence for infection with a genotype 3 hev by blood transfusion. | to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among patients on maintenance hemodialysis, serum samples collected in january 2003 from 416 patients who had been undergoing hemodialysis for 7.6 +/- 6.3 (mean +/- standard deviation) (range, 0.3-26.0) years in a dialysis unit in japan and serum samples that had been collected from these patients at the start of hemodialysis were tested for igg antibodies to hev (anti-hev igg) by an "in-house" enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ... | 2004 | 15484278 |
| complete sequence of a kyrgyzstan swine hepatitis e virus (hev) isolated from a piglet thought to be experimentally infected with human hev. | hepatitis e virus (hev) was identified by rt-pcr amplification with degenerate orf2 primers in the stool of a piglet experimentally inoculated with a stool suspension from a patient with acute hepatitis during an outbreak of non-a, non-b hepatitis in kyrgyzstan. further characterization by sequencing of the complete genome and phylogenetic analysis showed that the piglet isolate was most closely related to hev genotype 3. because the original human stool specimen used to inoculate the piglet was ... | 2004 | 15484284 |
| frequency and clinical course of hepatitis e in tertiary care hospitals. | to find out the frequency of hepatitis e virus as a cause of acute hepatitis and its clinical course in hospitalized patients. | 2004 | 15487036 |
| domestic infection of hepatitis e in japan. | in most cases of hepatitis e in japan, patients acquire the viral infection abroad in countries where hepatitis e is endemic. however, in nagano prefecture, japan, we encountered a patient with hepatitis e who had never been abroad. the diagnosis was made on finding hepatitis e viral rna and antibodies against the virus in the serum. prompt normalization of liver function test occurred without medication. the nucleotide sequence of the virus isolated from this patient was closely related to the ... | 2004 | 15497515 |
| routes of transmission of swine hepatitis e virus in pigs. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is believed to be transmitted by the fecal-oral route in pigs. to date, in experiments, hev has been transmitted successfully only by the intravenous or intrahepatic route. to assess the route of hev transmission, 27 pigs were separated into nine groups of three pigs. positive-control pigs were inoculated intravenously with swine hev and served as the source of hev for the other groups. uninoculated contact pigs were placed in the positive-control group. on three consecut ... | 2004 | 15528694 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in wild boars and deer and genetic identification of a genotype 3 hev from a boar in japan. | zoonotic transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) from captured wild deer or boars to humans has been suggested. antibody to hev was detected in 9% of 35 wild boars and 2% of 117 wild deer tested, and a presumably indigenous hev of genotype 3 was isolated from a boar in japan. | 2004 | 15528746 |