Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina and cervix in sheep - case report. | this report describes the clinical and histopathological characteristics of a squamous cell carcinoma infiltrating the cervix and the vaginal wall, producing reproductive symptoms and subnormal fertility in an adult ewe. necropsy showed a large (15-cm-long) neoplastic mass infiltrating the vaginal wall and the cervix. histopathological examination revealed atypical squamous epithelial cords invading the basal membrane and dermis, round anaplastic cells, focal areas of necrosis, keratinisation of ... | 2011 | 21354947 |
| airway disease: the use of large animal models for drug discovery. | large animal models have contributed to our current understanding of respiratory pathophysiology and the effects of pulmonary disease modifying drugs. for drug development, the benefit of using large animals over smaller animal species is primarily due to the greater similarity between humans and equivalent sized animals in terms of gross anatomy, morphometry, structure and physiology of their respiratory systems. thus, when appropriate lung structure and function are required for correctly asse ... | 2011 | 21356324 |
| hot water surface pasteurisation of lamb carcasses: microbial effects and cost-benefit considerations. | although hot water pasteurisation of carcasses is accepted as a general intervention in usa, this is not the case in europe. the aims of this study were (i) to evaluate the microbiological effects of hot water pasteurisation of lamb carcasses, both after slaughtering and dressing and following subsequent chilling and storage; (ii) to discuss hot water pasteurisation from a public health and cost-benefit perspective; (iii) to discuss the benefits of hot water pasteurisation compared with use of s ... | 2011 | 21356564 |
| first detection of an nsaid, flunixin, in sheep's wool using gc-ms. | exposure to the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (nsaid) diclofenac resulted in the near extinction of three species of gyps vultures on the indian subcontinent. other nsaids present in the environment, including flunixin, may pose a similar risk. in the course of a study to determine the feasibility of detecting nsaids in keratinous matrices (i.e., hair, nails and feathers) using gc-ms, wool opportunistically collected from a sheep treated with flunixin was analysed for residues. flunixin wa ... | 2011 | 21356572 |
| a suggested mode of inheritance for wool shedding in sheep. | the ability of a sheep to shed its own wool has an attraction in scenarios where the costs of harvesting wool outweigh its value. certain breeds and composites have the ability to shed their wool in the spring, and these are investigated in this work in an attempt to outline the genetics of wool shedding. one flock from a breeding group in southern england (uk) containing sheep with wool-shedding characteristics provided shedding scores (1 to 5 scale; no shedding to complete shedding) that were ... | 2011 | 21357446 |
| early determinants of pulmonary vascular remodeling in animal models of complex congenital heart disease. | 2011 | 21357846 | |
| the discovery of thyroid replacement therapy. part 3: a complete transformation. | 2011 | 21357978 | |
| enhancing the soft tissue seal around intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses using silanized fibronectin titanium alloy. | the success of intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses (itap) relies on achieving a tight seal between the soft tissues and the implant in order to avoid infection. fibronectin (fn) may be silanized onto titanium alloy (ti-6al-4v) in order to promote soft-tissue attachment. the silanization process includes passivation with sulphuric acid, which alters surface characteristics. this study aimed to improve in vitro fibroblast adhesion to silanized fibronectin (sifn) titanium alloy by omi ... | 2011 | 21358026 |
| bioactive surface modification on amide-photografted poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate). | collagen was chemically immobilized on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (phbv) films via hydrophilic polyacrylamide spacers, aiming to establish the bioactive surface and the inner surface models. the inner surface modified films presented higher wettability than the surface modified films. wide-angle x-ray diffraction results showed that the d-spacing values of the inner surface model increased compared with those of the surface model, but there was no significant difference between ... | 2011 | 21358029 |
| involvement of neurokinin receptors in the control of pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion in rats. | it has recently been shown that neurokinin b, a tachykinin, is associated with gnrh pulse generation in sheep and goats. the aim of the present study was to clarify the role of tachykinin receptors in the control of lh secretion in rats. to this end, we evaluated the effect of cs-003, an antagonist for all three neurokinin receptors (nk1, nk2 and nk3 receptors), on pulsatile lh secretion in both sexes of rats with different routes of administration. both oral and third ventricular administration ... | 2011 | 21358144 |
| pyrosequencing-based assessment of bacterial community structure along different management types in german forest and grassland soils. | soil bacteria are important drivers for nearly all biogeochemical cycles in terrestrial ecosystems and participate in most nutrient transformations in soil. in contrast to the importance of soil bacteria for ecosystem functioning, we understand little how different management types affect the soil bacterial community composition. | 2011 | 21359220 |
| influence of hepatocyte growth factor on autologous osteochondral transplants in an animal model. | several studies have investigated the influence of different growth factors on hyaline cartilage regeneration. in a rabbit model, hepatocyte growth factor (hgf) was proven to increase the amount of hyaline-like chondrocytes in a mixed fibro-cartilaginous regenerate of small defects. the aim of the current study was to evaluate whether intra-articular administration of hgf influences the ingrowth of osteochondral grafts in a sheep model. | 2011 | 21359871 |
| monitoring particulate matter levels and climate conditions in a greek sheep and goat livestock building. | atmospheric pollutants from livestock operations influence air quality inside livestock buildings and the air exhausted from them. the climate that prevails inside the building affects human and animal health and welfare, as well as productivity, while emissions from the building contribute to environmental pollution. the aim of this study was to examine the variation of two climatic parameters (namely temperature and relative humidity) and the levels of particulate matter of different sizes (pm ... | 2011 | 21360041 |
| in vitro fermentation characteristics of diets with different forage/concentrate ratios: comparison of rumen and faecal inocula. | the aim of this trial was to evaluate the replacement of rumen fluid with faeces as inoculum in studying the in vitro fermentation characteristics of diets for ruminants using the in vitro gas production technique. six iso-protein diets with different forage/concentrate ratios were incubated with rumen fluid (ri) or faeces (fi) collected from sheep. | 2011 | 21360539 |
| a single nomenclature and associated database for alleles at the major histocompatibility complex class ii drb1 locus of sheep. | the development of standardised nomenclatures with associated databases containing reference sequences for alleles at polymorphic loci within the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) has been facilitated by the development of the immuno polymorphism database (ipd). recently, included within ipd-mhc is information on allelic diversity within sheep species (ipd-mhc-ola). here, we present the first report of progress in populating the sheep ipd-mhc database with alleles at the class ii mhc drb1 l ... | 2011 | 21361877 |
| isolation and characterization of lytic bacteriophages against enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli. | the objective of this study was to isolate, identify and characterize a collection of lytic bacteriophages capable of infecting enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) serotypes. | 2011 | 21362115 |
| proteomic characterisation of echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid from sheep, cattle and humans. | the hydatid cyst fluid (hcf) of echinococcus granulosus is a complex biological mixture containing a wide range of proteins of both parasite and host origin. using a combination of in- and off-gel protein fractionation techniques and tandem mass spectrometry 130 hcf proteins were identified from fertile cysts of sheep and human origin and infertile cysts from cattle. forty-eight proteins were of parasite origin including antigen 5 and antigen b-the most abundant parasite proteins, thioredoxin, l ... | 2011 | 21362505 |
| region-, neuron-, and signaling pathway-specific increases in prolactin responsiveness in reproductively experienced female rats. | pregnancy and lactation cause long-lasting enhancements in maternal behavior and other physiological functions, along with increased hypothalamic prolactin receptor expression. to directly test whether reproductive experience increases prolactin responsiveness in the arcuate, paraventricular, and supraoptic nuclei and the medial preoptic area, female rats experienced a full pregnancy and lactation or remained as age-matched virgin controls. at 5 wk after weaning, rats received 2.5, 100, or 4000 ... | 2011 | 21363933 |
| cross-species surveillance of leptospira in domestic and peri-domestic animals in mahalla city, gharbeya governorate, egypt. | a survey of 179 animals (black rats, dogs, sheep, buffaloes, cattle, donkeys, weasels, and cats) for leptospira infection was conducted in mahalla city (lower egypt). blood, urine, and kidney were collected and tested by culture, microscopic agglutination test (mat), and/or polymerase chain reaction (pcr). among rats, 26% were positive by pcr, including 7% that were also positive by culture for l. interrogans serovars grippotyphosa, pyrogenes, and icterohaemorrhagiae. l. borpetersenii serovar po ... | 2011 | 21363980 |
| spider silk constructs enhance axonal regeneration and remyelination in long nerve defects in sheep. | surgical reapposition of peripheral nerve results in some axonal regeneration and functional recovery, but the clinical outcome in long distance nerve defects is disappointing and research continues to utilize further interventional approaches to optimize functional recovery. we describe the use of nerve constructs consisting of decellularized vein grafts filled with spider silk fibers as a guiding material to bridge a 6.0 cm tibial nerve defect in adult sheep. | 2011 | 21364921 |
| effects of ventilation of the sheep house on heat stress, growth and thyroid hormones of lambs. | twenty single male assaf lambs were divided into two groups and housed in semi-open barns. air temperature averaged 35°c. for 9 weeks after parturation, one group was cooled by fan between 1000 and 1600 hours and the other group was not cooled. rectal and skin (head and testis) temperatures, respiration rate, and pulse rate were recorded twice daily. lambs were weighed individually every week and levels of t3 and thyroxin were determined. differences in rectal, head, and testis temperatures (p<0 ... | 2011 | 21365357 |
| drug-induced apoptosis of echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces. | parasitic infection by echinococcus granulosus in humans induces hydatidosis (echinococcosis), which is a zoonotic disease that seriously endangers public health. this study was to determine the status of cell apoptosis in the protoscoleces of e. granulosus, which were isolated from hydatid cysts in livers or lungs of sheep. those protoscoleces were incubated with drugs (at the concentration of 1 mmol l(-1) h(2)o(2) and 5 mmol l(-1)dexamethasone) for 8 h, the apoptosis were examined by transmiss ... | 2011 | 21365454 |
| augmenting myometrial healing after cesarean delivery: use of an adjuvant biologic graft placement in an ovine model. | we sought to reduce long-term complications after cesarean delivery by improving myometrial healing. eight sheep (three with twins) underwent cesarean delivery. hysterotomy sites were repaired in equal parts by suture alone or suture with a juxtaposed graft (cook medical, bloomington, in). at 90 days postsurgery, scar characteristics and tensile strength testing were assessed. the mean hysterotomy closure time was on average 1 minute, 14 seconds longer for those undergoing graft placement ( p=0. ... | 2011 | 21365531 |
| myocardial remodeling: cellular and extracellular events and targets. | the focus of this review is on translational studies utilizing large-animal models and clinical studies that provide fundamental insight into cellular and extracellular pathways contributing to post-myocardial infarction (mi) left ventricle (lv) remodeling. specifically, both large-animal and clinical studies have examined the potential role of endogenous and exogenous stem cells to alter the course of lv remodeling. interestingly, there have been alterations in lv remodeling with stem cell trea ... | 2011 | 21314431 |
| the importance of staphylococci and threshold value of somatic cell count for diagnosis of sub-clinical mastitis in pirlak sheep at mid-lactation. | this study investigated the bacterial agents causing sub-clinical mastitis and the mean somatic cell counts (scc) of milk in pirlak sheep at mid-lactation. the percentage of infected udder halves was 11.4% (53/464). the most frequently isolated species were coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) (64.2%), followed by staphylococcus aureus (24.5%) and escherichia coli (11.3%). among the cns, the most common species was staphylococcus epidermidis (38.2%). the other species isolated from milk sample ... | 2011 | 21366722 |
| genomic structure and sequence analysis of lucilia cuprina hsp90 gene. | the hsp90 family is one of the highly conserved chaperone families, varying between eubacteria to higher vertebrates. the hsp90 protein has been assigned different functions including thermal protection, but having major role in development. the present study is a detailed analysis of the structural characteristics of hsp90 gene (lchsp90) of sheep blowfly, lucilia cuprina. the gene isolated by pcr revealed absence of intron. the nucleic acid and amino acid comparison revealed significant level o ... | 2011 | 21366970 |
| angularis oculi vein blood flow modulates the magnitude but not the control of selective brain cooling in sheep. | to investigate the role of the angularis oculi vein (aov) in selective brain cooling (sbc), we measured brain and carotid blood temperatures in six adult female dorper sheep. halfway through the study, a section of the aov, just caudal to its junction with the dorsal nasal vein, was extirpated on both sides. before and after aov surgery, the sheep were housed outdoors at 21-22°c and were exposed in a climatic chamber to daytime heat (40°c) and water deprivation for 5 days. in sheep outdoors, sbc ... | 2011 | 21368272 |
| the expressions of hsp70 and ab-crystallin in myocarditis associated with foot-and-mouth disease virus in lambs. | this study describes the expression of heat shock protein70 (hsp70) and alpha-basic-crystallin (a-bc) and their association with apoptosis and some related adaptor proteins in the pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv)-induced myocarditis in lambs. hsp70 was generally overexpressed in the myocardial tissues and inflammatory cells of fmdv-induced myocarditis with differential accumulation and localization in same hearts when compared to non-foot-and-mouth disease control hearts. a-bc ... | 2011 | 21368565 |
| comparative drug systemic exposure and clinical efficacy against resistant nematodes in lambs treated with different albendazole formulations. | suárez, g., alvarez, l., castells, d., correa, o., fagiolino, p., lanusse, c. comparative drug systemic exposure and clinical efficacy against resistant nematodes in lambs treated with different albendazole formulations. j. vet. pharmacol. therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01274.x. a pharmaco-parasitological assessment of four different albendazole (abz) formulations was carried out in lambs infected with multiple resistant gastrointestinal (gi) nematodes. the comparative drug systemic expos ... | 2011 | 21371047 |
| influence of age at first lambing on reproductive and productive performance of lacaune dairy sheep under an intensive management system. | the present study investigated the effect of age at first lambing (afl) on the performance of lacaune sheep under intensive management conditions. records from 3088 maiden sheep from one farm, for the period 2005-2010, were classified into four experimental groups: group e (early) ewes with afl ?390 d; group m (middle) with afl of 391-450 d; group l (late) with afl of 451-510 d; and group a (aged) with afl ?511 d. the higher the number of lactations, the lower were the yield/lactation and yield/ ... | 2011 | 21371361 |
| cardioprotection from ischaemia-reperfusion injury by a novel flavonol that reduces activation of p38 mapk. | oxidative stress, activation of intracellular protein kinases and cardiomyocyte apoptosis are known mediators of cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury. the sites at which np202, a novel water soluble pro-drug of 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol (diohf), acts in this cascade to cause cardioprotection are unknown. in this study we examined the ability of np202 to reduce infarct size after a prolonged period of ischaemia and reperfusion. in addition, we tested whether np202 inhibits pro-apoptotic signalling, ... | 2011 | 21371449 |
| monkey cv1 cell line expressing the sheep-goat slam protein: a highly sensitive cell line for the isolation of peste des petits ruminants virus from pathological specimens. | peste des petits ruminants (ppr) is an important economically transboundary disease of sheep and goats caused by a virus which belongs to the genus morbillivirus. this genus, in the family paramyxoviridae, also includes the measles virus (mv), canine distemper virus (cdv), rinderpest virus (rpv), and marine mammal viruses. one of the main features of these viruses is the severe transient lymphopaenia and immunosuppression they induce in their respective hosts, thereby favouring secondary bacteri ... | 2011 | 21371505 |
| characteristics of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli from meat and milk products of different origins and association with food producing animals as main contamination sources. | shiga toxin-producing strains of escherichia coli (stec) cause diarrhoea and haemorrhagic colitis in humans. most human infections are attributed to consumption of stec contaminated foodstuff. food producing animals constitute important reservoirs of stec and serve as source of food contamination. in this study, we have analyzed 593 foodborne stec strains for their serotypes and for nine virulence genes (stx1, stx1c, stx1d, stx2, stx2b, stx2e, stx2g, e-hly and eae). the 593 stec strains grouped ... | 2011 | 21371769 |
| wildlife molecular forensics: identification of the sardinian mouflon using str profiling and the bayesian assignment test. | a forensic short tandem repeat (str) typing test using a population database was developed to investigate an instance of poaching on the protected sardinian mouflon. the case study involves a suspected poacher found in possession of a carcass, which he claimed was that of a sheep from his flock and had died accidentally. his claim was refuted by the molecular forensic analyses as dna typing and the bayesian assignment test revealed the carcass to be mouflon-derived; the genetic profile of the ca ... | 2011 | 21371958 |
| multilocus sequence typing of mycoplasma agalactiae. | mycoplasma agalactiae is the main cause of contagious agalactia, a serious disease of sheep and goats, which has major clinical and economic impacts. we have developed a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme using the sequenced genomes of the m. agalactiae strains pg2 and 5632. an mlst scheme based on the genes gltx, mets, gyrb, tufa and dnaa was designed and in total 3468 bp of sequence were analysed for each strain. mlst offers a highly discriminatory typing method for m. agalactiae and was ... | 2011 | 21372188 |
| de novo generation of an axially vascularized processed bovine cancellous-bone substitute in the sheep arteriovenous-loop model. | the aim of this study was to generate an axially vascularized bone substitute. the arteriovenous (av)-loop approach in a large-animal model was applied in order to induce axial vascularization in a clinically approved processed bovine cancellous bone (pbcb) matrix of significant volume with primary mechanical stability and to assess the course of increasing axial vascularization. | 2011 | 21372579 |
| intraoperative patellar kinematics following resection of the central one-third of the patellar tendon in the ovine stifle joint. | the bone-patellar tendon-bone complex is routinely harvested for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in humans. patella infera may ensue. however, the contribution from resection of the central one-third of the patellar tendon (pt) to potentially altered patellofemoral kinematics, in addition to those induced by a positional shift of the patella, are yet to be distinguished. objectives of this study were to characterize changes in intraoperative patellar kinematics and pt length in nine sh ... | 2011 | 21373716 |
| assessment of trace elements in animal tissues from turkey. | in this study, trace element contents of animal tissues were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry after microwave digestion method. the accuracy of the method was confirmed by analysis of standard reference material (nist srm 1577b bovine liver). trace element contents in animal tissue samples were found in the range of 98.3-18.2 µg/g (fe), 2.89-0.26 µg/g (mn), 23.9-4.54 µg/g (zn), 0.08-0.01 µg/g (pb), 32.9-1.66 µg/g (cu), and 0.32-0.01 µg/g (cd). the results were compared with literatur ... | 2011 | 21374056 |
| intra-pituitary administration revisited: development of a novel in vivo approach to investigate the ovine hypophysis. | the anterior pituitary gland regulates physiological processes via the secretion of hormones, which are under the control of factors produced either in the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland itself. studies investigating how the pituitary gland functions have employed both in vitro and in vivo approaches. although in vitro analysis has the advantage that it is pituitary specific, the results may be incomplete because the tissue is isolated from other physiological inputs that could affect funct ... | 2011 | 21376082 |
| rumen function and digestion of merino sheep divergently selected for genetic difference in resistance to haemonchus contortus. | the aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of haemonchus contortus infection on rumen function and digestion of merino sheep from lines divergently selected for genetic resistance to h. contortus. rumen function and whole-tract digestibility were determined in 29 merino weaner wethers from the csiro haemonchus selection flock, increased resistance to haemonchus (irh), decreased resistance to haemonchus (drh) and random bred control (c) selection lines. wethers were fed a restricted ... | 2011 | 21376471 |
| optimized determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in sheep serum by solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | we describe a solid-phase extraction (spe) method, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), for the simultaneous determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in sheep serum samples. the denaturation of serum proteins by formic acid, water-1-propanol and water-2-propanol were compared and optimized. seven different solid-phase sorbents were tested and it was found that strata-x cartridge (200mg, 6 ml) gave the best recoveries (92-10 ... | 2011 | 21376977 |
| foreword. on the trail of domestications and migrations in agriculture. | 2011 | 21377610 | |
| conservation genetics of cattle, sheep, and goats. | cattle, sheep and goats were domesticated about 10,000 years ago, spread out of the domestication centers in europe, asia, and africa during the next few thousands years, and gave many populations locally adapted. after a very long period of soft selection, the situation changed dramatically 200 years ago with the emergence of the breed concept. the selection pressure strongly increased, and the reproduction among breeds was seriously reduced, leading to the fragmentation of the initial gene poo ... | 2011 | 21377620 |
| dissociative effects of phonological vs. semantic associates on recognition memory in the deese/roediger-mcdermott paradigm. | using a variation of the deese/roediger-mcdermott paradigm in four experiments, we examined hit rate, false alarm rate, and memory discriminability (d') for critical items (e.g., sleep) after their semantic associates (e.g., dream, rest, and awake), phonological associates (e.g., bleep, sheep, and cheap) or unrelated items were studied. replicating previous research (e.g., neely & tse, 2007), d' was lower for critical items than for yoked associates in semantic lists. however, d' was higher for ... | 2011 | 21377636 |
| analogues of peptide smap-29 with comparable antimicrobial potency and reduced cytotoxicity. | smap-29 (sheep myeloid antimicrobial peptide-29) is a peptide with potent antibacterial properties. however, it is also highly cytotoxic both to human red blood cells (hrbcs) and human embryonic kidney (hek) cells. in this study, some of the amino acids of smap-29 were changed in an attempt to reduce haemolytic activity whilst maintaining high antibacterial efficacy. these analogues, plus other analogues described in the literature with potent antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteri ... | 2011 | 21377841 |
| a role for zinc in regulating hypoxia-induced contractile events in pulmonary endothelium. | we previously reported that zinc thiolate signaling contributes to hypoxic contraction of small, nonmuscularized arteries of the lung. the present studies were designed to investigate mechanisms by which hypoxia-released zinc induces contraction in isolated pulmonary endothelial cells and to delineate the signaling pathways involved in zinc-mediated changes in the actin cytoskeleton. we used fluorescence-based imaging to show that hypoxia induced time-dependent increases in actin stress fibers t ... | 2011 | 21378023 |
| effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the fetal pulmonary circulation. | although evidence exists that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may improve the outcome in patients with severe respiratory failure, little is known regarding their pulmonary circulatory effects. this question is clinically relevant in respiratory failure associated with pulmonary hypertension, in particular in newborn infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the fetal pulmonary circulation. | 2011 | 21378553 |
| a role for mineralocorticoid receptors in the physiology of the ovine fetus: effects on acth and lung liquid composition. | in the human and ovine fetus, the presence of 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 allows cortisol and other corticosteroids to act at mineralocorticoid receptors (mrs) in lung and brain. to test the physiologic role of mrs in the late gestation fetus, fetal lambs were infused with a specific mr antagonist for 12 h. infusion of the mr antagonist significantly increased plasma acth and cortisol concentrations. infusion of the mr antagonist also significantly increased fetal pco2 and hematocrit, and ... | 2011 | 21378597 |
| efficacy of an energy block containing duddingtonia flagrans in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. | the efficacy of the nematode-trapping fungus duddingtonia flagrans incorporated into an energy block was evaluated for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. four naturally parasitised sheep with average nematode egg counts of 2,470 eggs per gram grazed by pairs on two similar parasite-free paddocks for 30-ádays. during that period, one pair of sheep (treated animals, t1) received an energy block containing chlamydospores of d. flagrans at a dose of 200,000 chlamydopores/kg bw/day, ... | 2011 | 21380576 |
| in vitro thalidomide does not interfere with the activation of complement by m. leprae. | erythema nodosum leprosum (enl) is an inflammatory reaction that may occur in multibacillary leprosy patients, and thalidomide is the treatment of choice. its cause and the mechanism by which thalidomide suppresses enl are not known. in the skin lesions, im- mune complexes and split products of complement are found. the activation of complement could precipitate enl, and thalidomide could suppress the inflammation by inhibiting the activation of complement. to determine if thalidomide could supp ... | 2011 | 21369644 |
| nano- and microscales in genetic material organization: on the issue of lima-de-faria "chromosome fields". | 2011 | 21369892 | |
| toxic effects of dietary methylmercury on immune function and hematology in american kestrels (falco sparverius). | fifty-nine adult male american kestrels (falco sparverius) were assigned to one of three diet formulations including 0 (control), 0.6, and 3.9ôçë-ág/g (dry wt) methylmercury (mehg). kestrels received their diets daily for 13 weeks to assess the effects of dietary mehg on immunocompetence. immunotoxic endpoints included assessment of cell-mediated immunity (cmi) using the phytohemagglutinin (pha) skin-swelling assay and primary and secondary antibody-mediated immune responses (ir) via the sheep r ... | 2011 | 21381084 |
| toxic effects of dietary methylmercury on immune system development in nestling american kestrels (falco sparverius). | this study evaluated the effects of dietary methylmercury (mehg) on immune system development in captive-reared nestling american kestrels (falco sparverius) to determine whether t cell-mediated and antibody-mediated adaptive immunity are targets for mehg toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations. nestlings received various diets, including 0 (control), 0.6, and 3.9ôçë-ág/g (dry wt) mehg for up to 18 d posthatch. immunotoxicity endpoints included cell-mediated immunity (cmi) using the ... | 2011 | 21381090 |
| evaluation of an injectable silk fibroin enhanced calcium phosphate cement loaded with human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 in ovine lumbar interbody fusion. | the objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an injectable calcium phosphate cement/silk fibroin/human recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite (cpc/sf/rhbmp-2) in an ovine interbody fusion model. twenty-four mature sheep underwent anterior lumbar interbody fusion at the levels of l1/2, l3/4, and l5/6 with random implantation of cpc/sf, cpc/rhbmp-2, cpc/sf/rhbmp-2, or autogenous iliac bone. after the sheep were sacrificed, the fusion segments were evaluated by manual ... | 2011 | 21381189 |
| colored and functional silver nanoparticle-wool fiber composites. | silver nanoparticles utilizing the surface plasmon resonance effect of silver have been used to color merino wool fibers as well as imparting antimicrobial and antistatic properties to them to produce a novel silver nanoparticle-wool composite material. this is accomplished by the reduction of silver ions in solution by trisodium citrate (tsc) in the presence of merino wool fibers or fabrics. the silver metal nanoparticles simultaneously bind to the amino acids of the keratin protein in the wool ... | 2011 | 21381777 |
| diagnosing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: sheep vs. wolf. | 2011 | 21381868 | |
| molecular cloning of sheep and cashmere goat pdia3 and localization in sheep testis. | protein disulphide isomerase family a3 (pdia3) is a member of the protein disulphide isomerase (pdi) family and is multifunctional in many processes. recently, it has been confirmed as a sperm membrane component and is implicated in sperm-egg fusion under which the molecular mechanism is still obscure. protein disulphide isomerase family a3 cdna has been cloned in several mammals; however, goat and sheep counterparts have not been identified. to facilitate the studies on the potential function o ... | 2011 | 21382104 |
| pharmacological characteristics of endothelin receptors on sheep rectal blood vessels. | haemorrhoids is associated with high blood flow of the anorectal region. the question of whether pharmacological manipulation of vascular supply can relieve the symptoms of haemorrhoids has been raised. in order to undertake this type of clinical investigation, it is first essential to gain a better understanding of the properties of vascular receptors that may regulate blood flow into anal cushions and haemorrhoids. due to the limited availability of human anorectal specimens and the good relia ... | 2011 | 21382493 |
| a biomechanical study of flexor tendon repair in zone ii: comparing a combined grasping and locking core suture technique to its grasping and locking components. | introduction: all previous experimental and clinical repairs of flexor tendons in zone ii have used either a grasping or a locking technique. in this article, a combined (grasping and locking) repair was compared biomechanically to its grasping and locking components. methods: using fresh flexor profundus adult sheep tendons, three techniques of tendon repair were tested biomechanically: the 'three figure-of-eight sutures' (a six-strand grasping technique), the 'locked cruciate repair' (a four-s ... | 2011 | 21382621 |
| abnormal biochemical and haematological indices in trypanosomiasis as a threat to herd production. | blood samples were collected from 46 domestic ruminants comprising of 23 trypanosomiasis infected and 23 uninfected control groups to study some biochemical and haematological effects of trypanosomiasis under natural condition. the effect of trypanosome infection in ruminant animals showed that infected animals had significantly lower (p<0.05) packed cell volume, erythrocyte count and higher (p<0.01) mean cell volumes than uninfected animals. leucocytosis, reticulocytosis and thrombocytopenia we ... | 2011 | 21382664 |
| genetic structure and diversity among sheep breeds in the united states: identification of the major gene pools. | understanding existing levels of genetic diversity of sheep breeds facilitates in situ and ex situ conservation activities. a comprehensive evaluation of us sheep breeds has not been previously performed; therefore, we evaluated the genetic diversity among and within 28 us sheep breeds. both major and minor breeds were included in the analysis and consisted of 666 animals from 222 producers located in 38 states. the level of within-breed genetic diversity was variable and not dependent upon stat ... | 2011 | 21383033 |
| in vitro production of clostridium difficile spores for use in the efficacy evaluation of disinfectants: a precollaborative investigation. | clostridium difficile is a strict anaerobic spore-forming bacterium, and an increasingly common nosocomial pathogen. the u.s. environmental protection agency (epa) is responsible for the registration of disinfectants, including products designed to treat environmental surfaces contaminated with spores of c. difficile. product efficacy data are required for registration; however, there is a lack of methodology for generating high-quality spore suspensions for evaluating product performance. as su ... | 2011 | 21391503 |
| the effects of isoflurane anesthesia and mechanical ventilation on renal function during endotoxemia. | isoflurane is a common anesthetic agent used in human surgery and in animal models of sepsis. it has been suggested to have beneficial anti-inflammatory properties and to protect kidney function. here, we investigated the effect of isoflurane on the development of kidney injury and dysfunction during 48-h endotoxemia in sheep. | 2011 | 21391922 |
| reduction of coxiella burnetii prevalence by vaccination of goats and sheep, the netherlands. | recently, the number of human q fever cases in the netherlands increased dramatically. in response to this increase, dairy goats and dairy sheep were vaccinated against coxiella burnetii. all pregnant dairy goats and dairy sheep in herds positive for q fever were culled. we identified the effect of vaccination on bacterial shedding by small ruminants. on the day of culling, samples of uterine fluid, vaginal mucus, and milk were obtained from 957 pregnant animals in 13 herds. prevalence and bacte ... | 2011 | 21392427 |
| phylogeny of european bat lyssavirus 1 in eptesicus isabellinus bats, spain. | to better understand the epidemiology of european bat lyssavirus 1 (eblv-1) in europe, we phylogenetically characterized lyssavirus from eptesicus isabellinus bats in spain. an independent cluster of eblv-1 possibly resulted from geographic isolation and association with a different reservoir from other european strains. eblv-1 phylogeny is complex and probably associated with host evolutionary history. | 2011 | 21392449 |
| mycobacterium caprae infection in livestock and wildlife, spain. | mycobacterium caprae is a pathogen that can infect animals and humans. to better understand the epidemiology of m. caprae, we spoligotyped 791 animal isolates. results suggest infection is widespread in spain, affecting 6 domestic and wild animal species. the epidemiology is driven by infections in caprids, although the organism has emerged in cattle. | 2011 | 21392452 |
| combination of the ram effect with pgf2+¦ estrous synchronization treatments in ewes during the breeding season. | the role of the ram effect on the reproductive performance of ewes that have initiated estrous cycles following lambing in combination with synchronization of estrus using pgf(2+¦) was examined. a total of 1264 corriedale +ù merino ewes in the breeding season (march-april) were allocated to one of three treatments. the control group (pg2) of ewes (n=415) were in permanent direct contact with vasectomized rams throughout the experiment from 60 d prior to the administration of the first luteolytic ... | 2011 | 21392902 |
| exogenous coproporphyrin iii production by corynebacterium aurimucosum and microbacterium oxydans in erythrasma lesions. | erythrasma is a superficial skin disease caused by gram-positive corynebacterium species. coral-red fluorescence under wood's light, strongly suggestive of erythrasma, can be attributed to the presence of porphyrins. fractionated porphyrin analysis in erythrasma lesions is yet to be reported. we attempted to investigate erythrasma lesions by isolating the responsible bacteria and determining their exogenous porphyrin production by hplc analysis. we observed a 78-year-old woman with erythrasma wh ... | 2011 | 21393451 |
| pulmonary trunk, ductus arteriosus, and pulmonary arterial phasic blood flow interactions during systole and diastole in the fetus. | although the distribution of average fetal pulmonary trunk (pt) blood flow favors the ductus arteriosus (da) over the lungs, the phasic aspects of this distribution during systole and diastole are not well understood. accordingly, flow profile and wave intensity (wi) analyses were performed at baseline and during brief flow increases accompanying an extrasystole (es) in 10 anesthetized late-gestation fetal sheep instrumented with pt, da, and left pulmonary artery (pa) micromanometer catheters an ... | 2011 | 21393465 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of delta-toxin from clostridium perfringens. | clostridium perfringens is a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that is responsible for a wide range of diseases in humans and both wild and domesticated animals, including birds. c. perfringens is notable for its ability to produce a plethora of toxins, e.g. phospholipases c (alpha-toxin), pore-forming toxins (epsilon-toxin, beta-toxin and enterotoxin) and binary toxins (iota-toxin). based on alpha-, beta-, epsilon- and iota-toxin production, the bacterium is classified into five different toxin ... | 2011 | 21393845 |
| toll-like receptor 4 inhibitor tak-242 attenuates acute kidney injury in endotoxemic sheep. | this study was conducted to investigate the role of toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) in mediating acute kidney injury in endotoxemic sheep using the selective tlr4 inhibitor tak-242. | 2011 | 21394006 |
| prevalence of rift valley fever infection in ruminants in madagascar after the 2008 outbreak. | a rift valley fever (rvf) outbreak occurred in madagascar from january to may 2008. the objectives of this study were (1) to assess the current and past circulation of rvf virus (rvfv) in livestock in madagascar and (2) to evaluate the extent and magnitude of the 2008 rvf outbreak in livestock. the results of a country-wide serosurvey conducted in august 2008 on small and large ruminants are reported here. the study included 3437 cattle and 989 small ruminants (227 sheep and 762 goats) sampled i ... | 2011 | 21395414 |
| outbreak of q fever, florac, southern france, spring 2007. | in may 2007, five patients with q fever-like symptoms were reported in an agricultural educational center in the rural southern french town of florac. an investigation was undertaken to identify the outbreak source and risk factors for infection, and to implement control measures. | 2011 | 21395417 |
| transmural atrial fibrosis after epicardial and endocardial argon-powered cryomaze ablation. | the cryomaze procedure is usually limited to endocardial ablation under cardio-pulmonary bypass. epicardial ablation is considered inferior as endocardial islets of atrial tissue could theoretically remain viable, protected from cryoinjury by epicardial fat and endocardial circulating warm blood. novel argon-powered cryoprobes with lower ablation temperatures have recently become available. it is unclear if these instruments can reliably induce transmural atrial fibrosis by epicardial cryoablati ... | 2011 | 21395689 |
| the faunal drugstore: animal-based remedies used in traditional medicines in latin america. | zootherapy is the treatment of human ailments with remedies made from animals and their products. despite its prevalence in traditional medical practices worldwide, research on this phenomenon has often been neglected in comparison to medicinal plant research. this review discusses some related aspects of the use of animal-based remedies in latin america, identifies those species used as folk remedies, and discusses the implications of zootherapy for public health and biological conservation. th ... | 2011 | 21385357 |
| a differential interplay between the expression of th1/th2/treg related cytokine genes in teladorsagia circumcincta infected drb1*1101 carrier lambs. | abstract: substantial debate exists on whether the immune response between sheep resistant and susceptible to gastrointestinal nematodes can be differentiated into a th1 and th2 phenotype. the present study addresses the hypothesis that variation in resistance to teladorsagia circumcincta between drb1*1101 (associated with reduced faecal egg count and worm burden) carriers and non-carriers is due to a differential interplay in the expression of th1/th2 and regulatory t (treg) related cytokine ge ... | 2011 | 21385411 |
| the dynamic influence of the drb1*1101 allele on the resistance of sheep to experimental teladorsagia circumcincta infection. | abstract: suffolk sheep carrying the drb1*1101 (previously referred to as-drb1*0203 or g2) allele have been reported to show increased resistance to natural teladorsagia circumcincta infection compared to non-carriers. the objective of this study was to compare the biochemical and physiological responses of drb1*1101 carrier and non-carrier twin lambs to an experimental infection with 3 +ù 104 l3 teladorsagia circumcincta. the variables studied included worm burden, faecal egg count, abomasal ma ... | 2011 | 21385412 |
| exaggerated sympathetic mediated responses to behavioral or pharmacological challenges following antenatal betamethasone exposure. | glucocorticoid administration to women at risk for preterm delivery is standard practice to enhance neonatal survival. however, antenatal betamethasone exposure (+¦-exposure) increases mean arterial pressure (map) in adult sheep (1.8 yr old) and results in impaired baroreflex sensitivity (brs) for control of heart rate (hr). in the current studies we tested the hypothesis that enhanced sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis-mediated responses are evident at an ea ... | 2011 | 21386063 |
| clinical applications of prenatal and postnatal therapy using stem cells retrieved from amniotic fluid. | to review the potential of stem cells derived from amniotic fluid and applications in prenatal and postnatal therapy. | 2011 | 21386681 |
| transfusion effects on cardiomyocyte growth and proliferation in fetal sheep after chronic anemia. | chronic fetal anemia results in significant cardiac remodeling. the capacity to reverse these effects is unknown. we examined the effects of transfusion on cardiomyocyte adaptations after chronic anemia in fetal sheep subjected to daily hemorrhage beginning at 109-d ga (term ôê+145 d). after 10 d of anemia, one group was killed for comparison with age-matched controls. a separate group of anemic fetuses was transfused with red blood cells at 119-d ga for comparison with controls at 129-d ga. ane ... | 2011 | 21386752 |
| early joint tissue changes are highly correlated with a set of inflammatory and degradative synovial biomarkers after acl autograft and its sham surgery in an ovine model. | while impossible in humans, the mechanisms of early cartilage, bone and meniscal damage can be quantified after anterior cruciate ligament (acl) injury in animal models. we utilized an ovine model to determine if the mrna expression of inflammatory and degradative molecules (il-1+¦, il-6, mmp-1, 2, 3, and 13) in the synovium correlated to changes in joint tissues 2 weeks post-acl surgery, to test the hypothesis that synovial inflammation is a marker of these changes and possibly their originator ... | 2011 | 21387397 |
| a combined long-range phasing and long haplotype imputation method to impute phase for snp genotypes. | knowing the phase of marker genotype data can be useful in genome-wide association studies, because it makes it possible to use analysis frameworks that account for identity by descent or parent of origin of alleles and it can lead to a large increase in data quantities via genotype or sequence imputation. long-range phasing and haplotype library imputation constitute a fast and accurate method to impute phase for snp data. | 2011 | 21388557 |
| synthesis, anti-inflammatory activity and cox-1/cox-2 inhibition of novel substituted cyclic imides. part 1: molecular docking study. | a group of cyclic imides (1-13) was designed for evaluation as selective cox-2 inhibitors and investigated in vivo for their anti-inflammatory activities using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. compounds 5b, 6b, 11b, 11c, 12b and 12c were proved to be potent cox-2 inhibitors with ic50 range of 0.1-1.0 ++m. in vitro cox-1/cox-2 inhibition structure-activity studies identified compound 5b as a highly potent (ic50=0.1 ++m), and an extremely selective [cox-2 (si)=400] comparable to celecoxib ... | 2011 | 21388719 |
| biomechanical study of a unilocking t-plate system for prophylactic internal fixation of the radial osteocutaneous donor site using the sheep tibia model. | prophylactic internal fixation (pif), with a bone plate in either the anterior (over the section defect) or posterior (on intact cortex) position, has substantially reduced the incidence of fracture at the donor site of the radial osteocutaneous free flap. this study uses the sheep tibia model to compare the effectiveness of new t-shaped titanium plates utilising a unilocking screw system with a 3.5 mm steel plate and bicortical screw fixation system commonly applied for pif. forty matched pairs ... | 2011 | 21388860 |
| lyssavirus detection and typing using pyrosequencing. | rabies is a fatal zoonosis caused by a nonsegmented negative-strand rna virus, namely, rabies virus (rabv). apart from rabv, at least 10 additional species are known as rabies-related lyssaviruses (rrvs), and some of them are responsible for occasional spillovers into humans. more lyssaviruses have also been detected recently in different bat ecosystems, thanks to the application of molecular diagnostic methods. due to the variety of the members of the genus lyssavirus, there is the necessity to ... | 2011 | 21389152 |
| perivascular nitric oxide delivery to saphenous vein grafts prevents graft stenosis after coronary artery bypass grafting: a novel sheep model. | graft stenosis is a major complication of coronary artery bypass grafting with autologous saphenous vein grafts. nitric oxide (no) is believed to prevent this phenomenon. we studied the effect of perivascular application of an no donor on the degree of stenosis of such grafts in an ovine model. | 2011 | 21389715 |
| polymorphisms of +¦-defensin genes in valle del belice dairy sheep. | the aim of this work was to study +¦-defensin 1 (sbd1) and +¦-defensin 2 (sbd2) genes in valle del belice dairy sheep in order to identify polymorphisms that can be utilized as markers of the analyzed genes, and search for the functional effects and roles of the identified polymorphisms (variation of the amino acid sequence of the protein and stability of mrna molecule). the study was conducted on 300 randomly selected animals belonging to four flocks. a total of seven snps were identified, two ... | 2011 | 21390500 |
| antimicrobial effect of magnolia officinalis extract against staphylococcus aureus. | the antimicrobial effect of magnolia officinalis extract (moe) against staphylococcus aureus was investigated in a minced mutton system and the mechanisms of its antimicrobial activity were studied by light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations. | 2011 | 21384366 |
| changes in volatile, sensory and microbial profiles during preparation of smoked ewe cheese. | oscypek is a special type of polish smoked ewe cheese with a unique flavour described as slightly sour, piquant, salted and smoked. in this study the volatile, sensory and microbial profiles of oscypek cheese were analysed during its various preparation stages of curding, scalding, brining and smoking. | 2011 | 21384374 |
| increasing strut porosity in silicate-substituted calcium-phosphate bone graft substitutes enhances osteogenesis. | synthetic, porous silicate-substituted calcium phosphate bone graft matrices (sicap; 0.8 wt % si) with varying strut porosity were applied to ovine critical-sized defect sites as either 1-2 mm microgranules (sicap-23g, sicap-32g, and sicap-46g) or 1-2 mm microgranules in an aqueous poloxamer carrier (sicap-23p, sicap-32p, and sicap-46p). defect sites treated with sicap-23g or sicap-23p showed evidence of bone formation at 8 and 12 weeks in central zones. more advanced neovascularization and incr ... | 2011 | 21384544 |
| use of gfp-expressing influenza viruses for the detection of influenza virus a/h5n1 neutralizing antibodies. | the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) assay is used most commonly for the detection of antibodies to influenza viruses. however, for the detection of antibodies to avian influenza viruses of the h5n1 subtype either induced by infection or by vaccination, the hi assay is insensitive. therefore, the virus neutralization (vn) assay has become the method of choice to detect human serum antibodies directed to these viruses. however, this assay requires a second assay for the detection of residual viru ... | 2011 | 21396410 |
| purification, molecular cloning, and application of a novel sphingomyelin-binding protein (clamlysin) from the brackishwater clam, corbicula japonica. | a novel sphingomyelin-binding protein (clamlysin) was purified from the foot muscle of a brackishwater clam, corbicula japonica. the purified 24.8-kda protein lysed sheep, horse and rabbit erythrocytes and the hemolytic activity was inhibited by sphingomyelin, but not other phospholipids or glycosphingolipids. the open reading frame of the clamlysin gene encoded a putative 26.9-kda protein (clamlysin b) which showed high sequence similarity with the actinoporin family. a surface plasmon resonanc ... | 2011 | 21396484 |
| sperm morphometric subpopulations are differentially distributed in rams with different maturity age in cryopreserved ejaculates. | it is widely accepted that sperm morphology is a good indicator of fertility and it has been proposed that sperm quality may be related to subtle changes in sperm head morphology. however, a precise estimation of the morphology of ram sperm would be very useful to improve reproductive success in ovine. computer-assisted morphometric analysis and clustering analysis have been important tools to study sperm subpopulations in domestic animals. however, to the best of our knowledge, no data exist st ... | 2011 | 21396697 |
| good quality sheep embryos produced by superovulation treatment without the use of progesterone devices. | multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (moet) is a very important tool for the genetic improvement and preservation of endangered livestock. however, the success of a moet programme highly depends on the number of transferable embryos in response to a superovulation treatment. thus, the aim of this study was to compare the number and quality of embryos produced during natural oestrus under porcine fsh treatment without the use of progesterone devices to more traditional protocols. forty sarda sh ... | 2011 | 21396698 |
| modelling the impact of climate change on spatial patterns of disease risk: sheep blowfly strike by lucilia sericata in great britain. | understanding the spatial scale and temporal pattern of disease incidence is a fundamental prerequisite for the development of appropriate management and intervention strategies. it is particularly critical, given the need to understand the elevated risks linked to climate change, to allow the most likely changes in the distribution of parasites and disease vectors to be predicted under a range of climate change scenarios. using statistical models, the spatial distribution and climatic correlate ... | 2011 | 21397606 |
| determination of prevalence and economic impact of ovine footrot in central kashmir india with isolation and molecular characterization of dichelobacter nodosus. | the present study determines the prevalence, economic impact of virulent footrot in central kashmir, india, along with isolation and molecular characterization of dichelobacter nodosus (d. nodosus) where so far no such work has been carried out. over all 12.54% prevalence of footrot was recorded in central kashmir with highest (15.84%) in district srinagar, and least (10.89%) in district budgam, while it was 13.28% in district ganderbal. overall economic impact of footrot was estimated to the tu ... | 2011 | 21397709 |
| corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis secreted antigen-induced specific gamma-interferon production by peripheral blood leukocytes: potential diagnostic marker for caseous lymphadenitis in sheep and goats. | in the current study, the applicability of the quantification of gamma interferon (ifn-+¦) levels for the detection of animals infected with corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and for determining caseous lymphadenitis (cla) clinical status was evaluated. peripheral blood leukocytes were collected from cla nonendemic areas animals, from cla seropositive animals without clinical signs of the disease, and from seropositive animals presenting cla clinical signs. the leukocytes were stimulated with c ... | 2011 | 21398439 |
| clinical and morphologic changes in ewes and fetuses poisoned by ipomoea carnea subspecies fistulosa. | intoxication with ipomoea carnea has been reported in goats, sheep, and cattle in tropical regions worldwide. the disease has been characterized only in goats; therefore, the present study was conducted in sheep. nine animals were fed feed rations that contained 3 different concentrations of ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa. individual intake varied between 10.5 and 135.2 g of fresh plant per kilogram of body weight (bw) per day. animals first showed clinical signs between day 43 and day 63. the ... | 2011 | 21398440 |
| genome sequences of two staphylococcus aureus ovine strains that induce severe (strain o11) and mild (strain o46) mastitis. | staphylococcus aureus is a major etiological agent of mastitis in ruminants. we report here the genome sequences of two ovine strains that were isolated from gangrenous (strain o11) and subclinical (strain o46) ewe mastitis. both strains belong to the same clonal complex. despite this close genotypic relationship, the two isolates were shown to reproducibly induce highly divergent types of infections, either severe (o11) or mild (o46) mastitis, in an experimental ewe model. | 2011 | 21398544 |
| estrogen-responsive nitroso-proteome in uterine artery endothelial cells: role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and estrogen receptor-ß | covalent adduction of a no moiety to cysteines (s-nitrosylation or sno) is a major route for no to directly regulate protein functions. in uterine artery endothelial cells (uaec), estradiol-17ß (e2) rapidly stimulated protein sno that maximized within 10-30?min post-e2 exposure. e2-bovine serum albumin stimulated protein sno similarly. stimulation of sno by both was blocked by ici 182, 780, implicating mechanisms linked to specific estrogen receptors (ers) localized on the plasma membrane. e2-in ... | 2011 | 21374595 |