Publications

vibrio vulnificus has the transmembrane transcription activator toxrs stimulating the expression of the hemolysin gene vvha.	in an attempt to dissect the virulence regulatory mechanism in vibrio vulnificus, we tried to identify the v. cholerae transmembrane virulence regulator toxrs (toxrs(vc)) homologs in v. vulnificus. by comparing the sequences of toxrs of v. cholerae and v. parahaemolyticus (toxrs(vp)), we designed a degenerate primer set targeting well-conserved sequences. using the pcr product as an authentic probe for southern blot hybridization, a 1.6-kb bglii-hindiii fragment and a 1.2-kb hindiii fragment con ...	2000	10852871
evaluation of a simplified semi-quantitative protocol for the estimation of vibrio vulnificus in bathing water using cellobiose-colistin agar: a collaborative study with 13 municipal food controlling units in denmark.	a simplified semi-quantitative method using pre-enrichment in alkaline peptone water supplemented with polymyxin b and plating onto cellobiose-colistin (cc) agar for the estimation of vibrio vulnificus in bathing water was evaluated. this protocol was tested in a collaborative study with 13 food controlling laboratories in denmark during the 1999 bathing season in periods when water temperatures exceeded 20 degrees c. the average percentage of yellow colonies larger than 1 mm in diameter on cc a ...	2000	10856777
protective effect of c-reactive protein against the lethality induced by vibrio vulnificus lipopolysaccharide.	vibrio vulnificus infection has attracted special interest because of its high mortality. a strong clinical association exists between hepatic dysfunction and increased morbidity and mortality from v. vulnificus infection. in this study, the effect of c-reactive protein (crp), a typical hepatogenic acute phase protein, on the lethality induced by v. vulnificus lipopolysaccharide (lps) was investigated in galactosamine-sensitized mice. the pretreatment of crp, in a dose of at least 2 mg/kg, 2 hr ...	2000	10888350
cloning, sequencing and expression of the gene encoding the extracellular metalloprotease of aeromonas caviae.	a gene (apk) encoding the extracellular protease of aeromonas caviae ae6 has been cloned and sequenced. for cloning the gene, the dna genomic library was screened using skim milk lb agar. one clone harboring plasmid pkk3 was selected for sequencing. nucleotide sequencing of the 3.5 kb region of pkk3 revealed a single open reading frame (orf) of 1,785 bp encoding 595 amino acids. the deduced polypeptide contained a putative 16-amino acid signal peptide followed by a large propeptide. the n-termin ...	2000	10888351
impact of acid on survival of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio vulnificus phage.	three strains of vibrio vulnificus and v. vulnificus phages were tested for acid sensitivity at 21 degrees c. v. vulnificus strain 304 was more resistant to ph 4.0 than strains cvd-1 and a-9, whereas acid sensitivities of v. vulnificus strains at ph 3.0 and 2.0 were similar. v. vulnificus phage strain 110a-7 was more resistant to ph 4.0 than strain 153a-7, whereas acid sensitivities of phage strains at ph 3.5 and 3.0 were similar. numbers of v. vulnificus and its phage were close to the limit of ...	2000	10945579
construction and phenotypic evaluation of a vibrio vulnificus vvpe mutant for elastolytic protease.	vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic gram-negative pathogen that commonly contaminates oysters. predisposed individuals who consume raw oysters can die within days from sepsis, and even otherwise healthy people are susceptible to serious wound infection after contact with contaminated seafood or seawater. numerous secreted and cell-associated virulence factors have been proposed to account for the fulminating and destructive nature of v. vulnificus infections. among the putative virulence facto ...	2000	10948131
recovery of hydrogen peroxide-sensitive culturable cells of vibrio vulnificus gives the appearance of resuscitation from a viable but nonculturable state.	the viabilities of five strains of vibrio vulnificus were evaluated during the storage of the organisms in sterile seawater at 5 degrees c. the number of cfu was measured by plate count methods on rich media. the total cell numbers were determined by direct microscopic count methods. the titer of cfu declined logarithmically to undetectable levels over a period of 2 to 3 weeks, while the total cell numbers were unchanged. midway through each study, higher culturable cell counts began to be obser ...	2000	10960089
identification of vibrio spp. (other than v. vulnificus) recovered on cpc agar from marine natural samples.	two hundred and eighty four presumptive but not confirmed vibrio vulnificus isolates grown on cellobiose-polymixin b-colistin agar (cpc) at 40 degrees c, recovered from sea water samples from valencia, spain, during a microbiological survey for v. vulnificus, were phenotypically identified. most of the isolates (91%) corresponded to vibrio species. v. harveyi (24%) and v. splendidus(19%) were the most abundant species identified, followed by v. navarrensis (13%), v. alginolyticus (8%) and v. par ...	2000	10963334
[a rare case of necrotizing fasciitis and subsequent sepsis with multiorgan failure caused by vibrio vulnificus].	the authors report a rare case of necrotizing fasciitis, sepsis caused by a strain of vibrio vulnificus rare in czech republic.	2000	10967678
pathogenesis of infection by clinical and environmental strains of vibrio vulnificus in iron-dextran-treated mice.	vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic pathogen that contaminates oysters harvested from the gulf of mexico. in humans with compromising conditions, especially excess levels of iron in plasma and tissues, consumption of contaminated seafood or exposure of wounds to contaminated water can lead to systemic infection and disfiguring skin infection with extremely high mortality. v. vulnificus-associated diseases are noted for the rapid replication of the bacteria in host tissues, with extensive tissu ...	2000	10992486
an indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique for detection and enumeration of vibrio vulnificus serovar e (biotype 2): development and applications.	the applications of an indirect fluorescent antibody technique (ifat), developed to detect and enumerate the pathogenic bacterium vibrio vulnificus serovar e from water and clinical samples, are described. this technique proved accurate for detecting v. vulnificus, even under starvation conditions and in the non-culturable state, and could differentiate this species from other bacteria which share the same habitats. the ifat was successfully used to diagnose vibriosis from naturally- and artific ...	2000	11054163
phylogeny of vibrio cholerae based on reca sequence.	we sequenced a 705-bp fragment of the reca gene from 113 vibrio cholerae strains and closely related species. one hundred eighty-seven nucleotides were phylogenetically informative, 55 were phylogenetically uninformative, and 463 were invariant. not unexpectedly, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus strains formed out-groups; we also identified isolates which resembled v. cholerae biochemically but which did not cluster with v. cholerae. in many instances, v. cholerae serogroup designat ...	2000	11083852
low temperature pasteurization to reduce the risk of vibrio infections from raw shell-stock oysters.	vibrio vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus are natural inhabitants of estuarine environments and may be transmitted to humans by ingestion of raw oysters. this study focused on the use of low temperature pasteurization, to reduce these vibrio spp. to nondetectable levels, thus reducing the risk of infection associated with raw oyster consumption. artificially-inoculated v. vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus and naturally-contaminated v. vulnificus in live oysters were pasteurized at 50 degrees c ...	2000	11091792
topically acquired bacterial zoonoses from fish: a review.	the main pathogens acquired topically from fish (through spine puncture or open wounds) are aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, mycobacterium marinum, streptococcus iniae, vibrio vulnificus and vibrio damsela. s. iniae has recently emerged as a public health hazard associated with aquaculture, and m. marinum often infects home aquarium hobbyists. with the expansion of aquaculture and popularity of recreational fishing in australia, medical practitioners can ex ...	2000	11130351
effect of simulated gastric fluid and bile on survival of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio vulnificus phage.	bacteria and phages may be exposed to acid conditions in the stomach and to bile in the intestine. survival of three strains of vibrio vulnificus and three strains of its phages was examined at 37 degrees c after exposure to simulated gastric fluid at ph 3 to 4 or to 0, 1, and 2% bile in broth or buffer. mean d-values (decimal reduction times) at ph 4 and 3 were 3.3 and 1.3 min for v. vulnificus and 97.8 and 0.7 min for its phages. no v. vulnificus survivors were found at ph 2.0. there were few ...	2000	11131888
radiation biophysical studies with mammalian cells and a modulated carbon ion beam.		2000	97728
haemoperfusion for acute intoxication with hypnotic drugs.		2000	91846
long term survival following firearm injury to the head.		2000	110996
reduced plasma viscosity among joggers compared with non-joggers.		2000	92344
arterial occlusion in the management of pain from metastatic renal carcinoma.	arterial embolization was performed in nine patients with metastases from renal carcinoma who had severe pain resistant to conventional therapy. patients with metastases in the ilium (four), the lumbosacral spine (one), and the base of the skull (one) experienced pain relief lasting from one to six months. the other three patients, who had metastases in the proximal femur, underwent preoperative embolization to facilitate tumor curettage and internal hip fixation. no significant complications we ...	2000	92038
inhibition of antibody production in plasmacytoma cells. iii. interactions of suppressive and nonsuppressive dnp conjugates with mopc 315 cells.		2000	87442
[biliary tract atresia].		2000	97569
esophagogastrectomy for carcinoma of the middle third of the esophagus.	elective esophagogastrectomy and reconstruction by esophagogastrostomy were performed on 55 patients with malignant tumors of the midesophagus, despite invasion of contiguous structures in 60% and regional lymph node involvement in 75%. the operations were invariably palliative. two patients died within thirty days of operation. dysphagia was relieved and oral alimentation resumed in the other 53. twenty-nine patients who had experienced painful swallowing and 16 who had vomiting obtained relief ...	2000	92220
steroids in asthma.		2000	91910
diagnosing thyroid nodules.		2000	87601
sensitivity of spleen-colony-forming units to chronic bleomycin.		2000	92329
the effect of native and sonicated double-stranded polyribonucleotides on the course of spontaneous autoimmune disease in nzb and nzb/swiss f1 mice.	the administration of sonicated fractions of f2 phage polyribonucleotides caused an increased weight loss and deterioration of the clinical state in female nzb mice. discontinuance of the treatment resulted in an improvement of both the clinical state and the genetically determined autoimmune disorders of these mice. some potential explanations of this effect are discussed.	2000	94768
[the 38th congress of the japan neurosurgical society. abstracts].		2000	94653
vibrio vulnificus sepsis.		2000	11878490
detection and molecular characterization of vibrio vulnificus from coastal waters of malaysia.	a total of 57 vibrio vulnificus isolates from coastal water were characterized for their antimicrobial resistance, plasmid profiles and were typed by the pcr-based techniques: a random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) method and the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence (eric) method. all isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. fifty-one isolates were resistant to one or more of the other antibiotics ...	2000	11414409
vibrio vulnificus: a physiological and genetic approach to the viable but nonculturable response.	in this review, we focus on studies of the viable but nonculturable response (vbnc) of vibrio vulnificus, a significant and aggressive human pathogen, as a model system for the general understanding of the vbnc response. this response is characterized physiologically as the inability to culture an organism on media that normally supports its growth, and yet those cells retain indicators of metabolic activity. implicit in this definition is that it may be possible to return or resuscitate vbnc ce ...	2000	11810549
[severe sepsis with organ failure in necrotizing fasciitis of the right leg caused by infection with vibrio vulnificus].	vibrio vulnificus is a human pathogen which can cause the septicemia and necrosis of the soft tissue, especially fasciitis. the occurrence is most common in the summer, the source of infection can be sea water or the sand on the beaches, however the infection after eating seafood was described as well. the patient with predominant liver dysfunction are more often affected. the clinical course is characterized by severe sepsis, and massive skin lesion. the mortality more than 60% is reported. thi ...	2000	15635806
cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression of the beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase gene from aeromonas sp. no. 10s-24.	the beta-glcnacase gene of aeromonas sp. no. 10s-24 was cloned and sequenced. the gene consisted of 2505 bp encoding 835 amino acid residues. the amino acid sequence of the gene shares sequence homology with beta-glcnacases of vibrio vulnificus (37.4%), serratia marcescens (36.4%), v. harveyi (36.4%), v. parahemolyticus (33.5%), alteromonas sp. strain o-7 (27.0%), and candida albicans (28.6%). the beta-glcnacase gene of aeromonas sp. no. 10s-24 was about 630-fold overexpressed in escherichia col ...	2000	16232720
[antibiotic resistance and plasmid profiles of vibrio isolates from cultured sparus sarba].	a total of 51 potential pathogenic vibrios were isolated from moribund silver seabream sparus sarba, which were collected from local fish farms of hong kong. all the isolates were classified and identified as 7 species by the api 20 e system and the scheme of alsina & blanch. these species were vibrio alginolyticus (24 strains), vibrio vulnificus (12 strains), vibrio parahaemolyticus(7 strains), vibrio logei(4 strains), vibrio pelagius ii(2 strains), vibrio fluvialis (1 strains) and vibrio medit ...	1999	12555529
n-acetylprocainamide pharmacokinetics in functionally anephric patients before and after perturbation by hemodialysis.	napa pharmacokinetics were studied in 6 functionally anephric patients. distribution and nonrenal elimination of this drug were found to be the same as in individuals with normal renal function but renal clearance was reduced, resulting in a mean elimination t 1/2 of 41.9 hr (6.2 hr in normal subjects). renal clearance of napa correlated well with clcr. dialysis removed napa from both red blood cells and plasma and increased clt approximately fourfold. dialysis itself resulted in a 77% reduction ...	1999	91468
hexacarbon neuropathy.		1999	91030
substrate specificity of hexosaminidase a isolated from the liver of a patient with a rare form (ab variant) of infantile gm2 gangliosidosis and control tissues.		1999	96668
[retinal neovascularization: topological, morphological and hemodynamic features (author's transl)].		1999	91317
incidence of prostatic calcification in blacks in washington, d.c., and selected african cities. correlation of specimen roentgenographs and pathologic findings. cooperative prostatic research group.	the incidence of calcification in the prostate gland of black men from washington, d.c., and from ibadan, nigeria, and accra, ghana, west africa, was assessed in a total of 874 consecutive, unselected prostate specimens removed at autopsy during a five-year period (1973--1978). in the combined series there was a significant positive association between prostatic calcification and age (p less than 0.001). the frequency of calcification was significantly higher in the washington, d.c. series than ...	1999	91253
haloperidol and lithium blocking of the mood response to intravenous methylphenidate.	the euthymic manic-d-pressive patients with therapeutic plasma lithium levels were each given two i.f. infusions of 30 mg of methylphenidate. the infusions were separated by at least 3 days. before one infusion each patient was given 5 mg of haloperidol i.v. and before the other infusion each was given an identical volume of saline. a psychiatric observer was blind to the nature of the pretreatment and the order of pretreatment was randomized. saline pretreated patients showed marked activation ...	1999	96473
primary care approaches to developmental disabilities.	ninety-seven board certified pediatricians who spend at least 75% of their professional working hours involved in the delivery of primary care in new england were interviewed to explore their attitudes and current clinical approaches to developmental disabilities. the majority of the pediatricians relied exclusively on clinical judgment and general observations for assessing developmental problems in their offices. responsibility for preschool screening for potential learning problems and the as ...	1999	91155
unmasking of fetal determinants on adult bone marrow cells.		1999	91109
sterilisation issues.	exception is taken to the 2 bases for sterilization of mentally handicapped people as stated by the working group in current medical/ethical problems -- genetic and fitness for parenthood. although parents with certain forms of retardation have a greater genetic propensity to bear mentally retarded offspring, there are considerably more "normal" parents with as high or a greater propensity. 80-90% of mentally handicapped children are born to normal parents. the unfitness for parenthood rationale ...	1999	91007
retinol-binding protein in malnutrition.		1999	90984
analysis of the yolk proteins in drosophila melanogaster. translation in a cell free system and peptide analysis.		1999	103753
[palliative chemotherapy with 5 fu and cpm in cancer of the prostate with bone metastases resistant to oestrogens. a clinical trial (author's transl)].	the efficacy of an association of cyclophosphamide (cpm) and 5-fluorouracil was studied in 15 patients with prostate cancer not responding to oestrogen therapy, and more particularly its effect on pain due to bone metastases. no objective improvement was noted with this association, but there was a definitite reduction in bone metastases pain in 5 of the patients, with an average remission time of 4 months. half of the patients had nausea and vomiting, but in spite of this digestive intolerance ...	1999	94108
the mesencephalic exterolateral posterior nucleus of the mormyrid fish bryenomyrus niger: efferent connections studied by the hrp method.		1999	91414
the treatment of systemic cryptococcosis with 5-fluorocytosine.		1999	4531901
[statistical analysis of the ecg r-r intervals in certain types of heart rhythm disorders].		1999	91156
the relationship between intracellular and extracellular potassium in normal and malnourished subjects as studied in leukocytes.	leukocyte potassium has been measured in normal subjects and in malnourished children with and without edema both on admission and during recovery. in nonedematous malnourished children the potassium content was low (328 mmol/kg dry solids) and took 2-3 weeks of rehabilitation to return to normal (374 mmol/kg dry solids). leukocytes from edematous children had normal intracellular potassium values. however, 5 days on a maintenance diet reduced the intracellular potassium in the children with kwa ...	1999	99717
acute eosinophilic leukemia. an ultrastructural study.	observations on a 32 year old male are described. hematological examination demonstrated leukocytosis with circulating blastosis and dystrophic hypereosinophilia of the blood and bone marrow, with cells at various stages of maturation. cytotoxic chemotherapy led to complete remission for 5 months followed by a terminal relapse. no features in favor of an "eosinophilic collagenosis" were revealed at autopsy. repetitive ultrastructural studies performed during evolution of the illness demonstrated ...	1999	96582
the role of algal antigenic determinants in the recognition of potential algal symbionts by cells of chlorohydra.	algal cells grown in the green hydra chlorohydra viridissima were shown to possess characteristic antigenic determinants not found in algae cultured in vitro. these antigenic determinants, including those localized on the algal cell surface, were shown to be responsible for the phagocytic recognition of potential algal symbionts by digestive cells of chlorohydra. the results of this study indicate the existence of two systems governing phagocytosis in chlorohydra, one specific for algal cells gr ...	1999	84815
[renewal of noradrenaline in different zones of the central nervous system of inbred mice strains and their recombinants].	a good correlation exists between the learning capacity and norepinephrine metabolism in the neocortex of c57 and balb inbred mice strains, as well as their f1 hybrids and seven recombinant inbred strains derived from their cross. the animals with a better learning performance are characterised by low levels of norepinephrine, as well as a slow metabolic rate of this neurotransmitter in the cortex. such a correlation has not been found to exist in the other cerebral regions studied.	1999	96976
group systems of serum proteins and erythrocyte enzymes in malignant lymphoma.	four group systems of serum proteins (hp, gc, gm, km) and five group systems of erythrocyte enzymes (ap, pgm1, gpt, ak, esd) were determined in 63 patients with malignant lymphoma. statistical analysis of the distribution of the above mentioned systems in patients and polish population samples did not reveal any significant differences, which points to the lack of any correlation between the disease and the group systems under examination.	1999	85572
molecular typing of vibrio vulnificus isolated from clinical specimens by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic dna analysis.	primary v. vulnificus septicemia has been continuously reported in korea. we analyzed the molecular diversity of v. vulnificus strains isolated from clinical specimens using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. we analyzed a total of 23 v. vulnificus strains isolated from 22 patients between 1992 and 1997. rapd analysis was performed using five random primers, and we obtained chromosomal dna restriction patterns with noti and sfii by pfge. ...	1999	10816612
aeromonas sobria infection with severe soft tissue damage and segmental necrotizing gastroenteritis in a patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.	a 49-year-old man, who had a 3-year history of liver dysfunction but had not been treated, was admitted to the hospital with a sudden onset of fever and generalized muscle pain. he subsequently developed generalized purpura with scattered hemorrhagic bullae of the skin and massive bloody stools. aeromonas sobria was proven by culture of both blood and bullous fluid. in spite of the extensive treatment with antibiotics and other medications in the intensive care unit (icu), the patient went into ...	1999	10469397
perkinsus marinus extracellular protease modulates survival of vibrio vulnificus in eastern oyster (crassostrea virginica) hemocytes.	the in vitro effects of the perkinsus marinus serine protease on the intracellular survival of vibrio vulnificus in oyster hemocytes were examined by using a time-course gentamicin internalization assay. results showed that protease-treated hemocytes were initially slower to internalize v. vulnificus than untreated hemocytes. after 1 h, the elimination of v. vulnificus by treated hemocytes was significantly suppressed compared with hemocytes infected with invasive and noninvasive controls. our d ...	1999	10473449
modified dakin's solution for cutaneous vibrio infections.	vibrio species, specifically vibrio vulnificus, are known to be endemic to warm saltwater environments. as a human pathogen they are capable of causing severe, progressive, necrotizing infections. the lesions are bullous in nature and often require wide surgical debridement due to the aggressiveness of this organism. the literature supports prophylactic antibiotic therapy for those with preexisting hepatic dysfunction or immunocompromise. the authors routinely implement prophylactic antibiotic c ...	1999	10517465
in situ analysis of the bacterial communities associated to farmed eel by whole-cell hybridization.	bacterial communities in water samples and eel slime were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization of whole bacterial cells in an eel intensive culture system over 1 year. a newly developed probe, matching 27 vibrio spp., and a specific probe for vibrio vulnificus were used. phylogenetic probes complementary to selected regions of the 16s and 23s ribosomal rna revealed that proteobacteria of the alpha and beta subclass were predominant in water and eel slime. members of the gamma subcl ...	1999	10530037
primary vibrio vulnificus bacteremia in a liver transplant recipient after ingestion of raw oysters: caveat emptor.	vibrio vulnificus is responsible for severe infections in chronically ill patients. organ transplant recipients are also at risk for severe infections due to v vulnificus. we report here the first case of v. vulnificus primary bacteremia due to raw shellfish consumption in a liver transplant recipient. all transplant patients should be cautioned against consuming uncooked seafood and warned about the risk of severe vibrio infections from seemingly innocuous wounds acquired in a salt water enviro ...	1999	10532553
clinical, epidemiological, and microbiological features of vibrio vulnificus biogroup 3 causing outbreaks of wound infection and bacteraemia in israel. israel vibrio study group.	vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative bacterium that causes septicaemia and wound infection. cases occur sporadically, and no previous outbreaks due to a common source or a clonal strain have been reported. in the summer and autumn of 1996 and 1997, an outbreak of invasive v. vulnificus infection occurred in israel in people who had recently handled fresh, whole fish purchased from artificial fish-ponds.	1999	10543668
effects of a commercial heat-shock process on vibrio vulnificus in the american oyster, crassostrea virginica, harvested from the gulf coast.	oysters (crassostrea virginica) harvested from the gulf coast, containing 10(2) to 10(4) most probable number (mpn) per gram of vibrio vulnificus, were subjected to a commercial heat-shock process. after 1 to 4 min at internal oyster meat temperatures exceeding 50 degrees c, shellstock oysters were shucked, chilled, washed, and packed. v. vulnificus and total bacterial levels in gulf coast oysters were significantly reduced from 1 to 4 logs in the finished product. similar reductions were not ob ...	1999	10571315
[studies on the zinc metalloprotease produced by vibrio vulnificus].		1999	10643296
evidence that expression of the vibrio vulnificus hemolysin gene is dependent on cyclic amp and cyclic amp receptor protein.	glucose repressed hemolysin production in vibrio vulnificus. promoter activity of the hemolysin gene, vvh, assessed with a vvh-luxcdabe transcriptional fusion, required cyclic amp (camp) and camp receptor protein (crp) in escherichia coli. hemolysin production in v. vulnificus increased after the addition of camp and was undetectable in a putative crp mutant, suggesting that vvh is also regulated by camp-crp in v. vulnificus.	1999	10601227
[a case of a sudden death from vibrio vulnificus septicemia in a patient with liver cirrhosis].	a 46-year-old male patient with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver was carried to our out-patient clinic as he had developed shock while under routine follow-up, and died on the way to the hospital. he had been admitted several times since the diagnosis eight years ago, and was finally discharged from the hospital six weeks ago with improved physical condition and laboratory findings. a vesicle and bulla formation with phlegmon on the skin of right leg and sole of foot was noticed. vibrio vulnific ...	1999	10624097
survival of vibrio vulnificus in whole blood from patients with chronic liver diseases: association with phagocytosis by neutrophils and serum ferritin levels.	vibrio vulnificus causes severe wound infections and sepsis, mostly in persons with chronic liver diseases. survival of this organism in the whole blood collected from healthy volunteers and patients with chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatoma was analyzed as an indication of susceptibility. the bacterial numbers in the blood after 5 h of incubation tended to increase with the severity of the liver disease and differed significantly between hepatoma patients and healthy volunteers (p<. ...	1999	9841854
adaptive response to cold temperatures in vibrio vulnificus.	the effectiveness of rapid chilling or freezing of oysters to reduce vibrio vulnificus levels in shellfish may be compromised by product handling procedures that permit cold adaptation. when a v. vulnificus culture was shifted from 35 degrees c to 6 degrees c conditions, it underwent transition to a non-culturable state. cells adapted to 15 degrees c prior to change to 6 degrees c condition, however, remain viable and culturable. in addition, cultures adapted to 15 degrees c were able to survive ...	1999	9922468
comparative study of biological properties and electrophoretic characteristics of lipopolysaccharide from eel-virulent and eel-a virulent vibrio vulnificus strains.	in vibrio vulnificus, virulence for eels is associated with serovar e strains. in this study, we investigated some biological properties of purified lipopolysaccharides (lpss) from serovar e and non-serovar e strains. purified lpss retained their o-polysaccharidic side chains and did not show any differences that could be related to host specificity, except for serological differences.	1999	9925630
activation of particulate guanylyl cyclase by vibrio vulnificus hemolysin.	recently we reported that vibrio vulnificus hemolysin, an exotoxin produced by v. vulnificus, dilates rat thoracic aorta via elevated cgmp levels without affecting nitric oxide synthase. we investigated the mechanism further by observing the guanylyl cyclase activities in cytosolic, membrane, unfractionated, or reconstituted preparations. hemolysin did not activate guanylyl cyclase in the membrane or cytosolic fraction, while it activated guanylyl cyclase in unfractionated or reconstituted prepa ...	1999	9988111
low incidence of vibrio vulnificus among vibrio isolates from sea water and shellfish of the western mediterranean coast.	a specific search for vibrio vulnificus in natural marine samples from the spanish mediterranean sea was carried out by nested pcr and cultural approaches using thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar (tcbs) and cellobiose-polymixin b-colistin agar (cpc), incubated at 40 degrees c, as selective media. presumptive colonies were identified by pcr using specific primers against 23s rrna sequences. this species was isolated from sea water and edible bivalves, mainly after preenrichment in alkal ...	1999	10030016
effects of salinity and temperature on long-term survival of the eel pathogen vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 (serovar e).	vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 (serovar e) is a primary eel pathogen. in this study, we performed long-term survival experiments to investigate whether the aquatic ecosystem can be a reservoir for this bacterium. we have used microcosms containing water of different salinities (ranging from 0.3 to 3.8%) maintained at three temperatures (12, 25, and 30 degrees c). temperature and salinity significantly affected long-term survival: (i) the optimal salinity for survival was 1.5%; (ii) lower salinities ...	1999	10049871
randomly amplified polymorphic dna analysis of clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio vulnificus and other vibrio species.	vibrio vulnificus is an estuarine bacterium that is capable of causing a rapidly fatal infection in humans. a randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) pcr protocol was developed for use in detecting v. vulnificus, as well as other members of the genus vibrio. the resulting rapd profiles were analyzed by using rflpscan software. this rapd method clearly differentiated between members of the genus vibrio and between isolates of v. vulnificus. each v. vulnificus strain produced a unique band patte ...	1999	10049874
isolation of vibrio vulnificus serovar e from aquatic habitats in taiwan.	the existence of strains of vibrio vulnificus serovar e that are avirulent for eels is reported in this work. these isolates were recovered from water and oysters and differed from eel virulent strains in (i) fermentation and utilization of mannitol, (ii) ribotyping after hindiii digestion, and (iii) susceptibility to eel serum. lipopolysaccharide of these strains lacked the highest molecular weight immunoreactive bands, which are probably involved in serum resistance.	1999	10049908
the ability of vibrio vulnificus to use a synthetic hydrophilic heme compound, fe-tpps, as a single iron source.	vibrio vulnificus, an opportunistic human pathogen, can obtain iron from a variety of heme proteins. this process involves the digestion of heme proteins by an exoprotease to liberate protoheme (iron-protoporphyrin ix). in the present study, we tested whether this pathogen also uses a synthetic heme compound, fe-alpha,beta,gamma,delta-tetraphenylporphine tetrasulfonic acid (fe-tpps), as an iron source. when inoculated into a medium containing fe-tpps, v. vulnificus l-180 multiplication was seen ...	1999	10079530
skin and soft-tissue infections after injury in the ocean: culture methods and antibiotic therapy for marine bacteria.	isolated organisms from two common indo-pacific marine animals (echinometra mathaei urchins and acanthaster planci sea stars) likely to cause puncture wounds to recreational beachcombers, diverse, or operational military forces during amphibious assaults demonstrate why practitioners should consider their first choice for potential antibiotic therapy differently from their usual favorite antibiotics. the effects of thiosulfate-citrate-bile-sucrose (tcbs) agar, varying salt concentrations in the ...	1999	10091493
the hemagglutinating action of vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease.	vibrio vulnificus protease (vvp), a 45-kda zinc metalloprotease, consists of two functional domains: an n-terminal 35-kda polypeptide having endoproteinase activity, and a c-terminal 10-kda polypeptide that mediates the binding of vvp to the erythrocyte membrane. therefore, vvp, but not its n-terminal endoproteinase domain alone, has agglutinating activity to rabbit erythrocytes. when a single zinc atom in the catalytic center was substituted by treatment with cucl2 or nicl2, proteolytic and hem ...	1999	10100751
ferric-reductase activities in vibrio vulnificus biotypes 1 and 2.	in this paper, the ferric-reductase activities of vibrio vulnificus were investigated. this species comprises two biotypes pathogenic for humans and eels that are able to express different mechanisms for iron acquisition. all strains of both biotypes used in this study were able to reduce ferric citrate, irrespective of the iron levels in the growth medium. some variation in the degree of reduction was observed among the strains, with the highest values corresponding to one acapsulated environme ...	1999	10188249
[vibrio vulnificus infection: clinical and bacteriological analysis of four cases].	vibrio vulnificus (v. vulnificus) infection has recently been drawing attention as a high mortality disease especially in a patient with the preexisting chronic liver disease. the illness caused by v. vulnificus is divided into three groups such as primary septicemia, wound infection and gastrointestinal illness. primary septicemia, which is the most common in japan, is defined as a systemic illness presenting fever or hypotension with recovery of v. vulnificus from blood or tissue without the a ...	1999	10213992
differential expression of vibrio vulnificus capsular polysaccharide.	vibrio vulnificus is a human pathogen whose virulence has been associated with the expression of capsular polysaccharide (cps). multiple cps types have been described; however, virulence does not appear to correlate with a particular cps composition. reversible-phase variation for opaque and translucent colony morphologies is characterized by changes in cps expression, as suggested by electron microscopy of cells stained nonspecifically with ruthenium red. isolates with opaque colony morphologie ...	1999	10225881
indole-positive vibrio vulnificus isolated from disease outbreaks on a danish eel farm.	vibrio vulnificus was isolated in 1996 from 2 disease outbreaks on a danish eel farm which used brackish water. a characteristic clinical sign was extensive, deep muscle necrosis in the head region. v. vulnificus was isolated from kidney, mucus, spleen, gill and intestine of diseased eels. thirty-two isolates were examined phenotypically and serologically for pathogenicity to eels and for correlation to ribotype and plasmid profile. biochemically, the isolates showed properties similar to those ...	1999	10228875
pathogenesis of vibrio vulnificus.	this review describes the factors which are currently recognized as being central to the virulence of the human pathogen, vibrio vulnificus. this estuarine/marine bacterium occurs in high numbers in molluscan shellfish, primarily oysters, and its ingestion in raw oysters results in a ca. 60% mortality in those persons who are susceptible to this bacterium. the organism is also able to produce life-threatening wound infections. we describe here the nature of both the wound and primary septicemia ...	1999	10339810
occurrence, diversity, and pathogenicity of halophilic vibrio spp. and non-o1 vibrio cholerae from estuarine waters along the italian adriatic coast.	the occurrence, diversity, and pathogenicity of vibrio spp. were investigated in two estuaries along the italian adriatic coast. vibrio alginolyticus was the predominant species, followed by vibrio parahaemolyticus, non-o1 vibrio cholerae, and vibrio vulnificus. by using a biochemical fingerprinting method, all isolates were grouped into nine phenotypes with similarity levels of 75 to 97.5%. the production of toxins capable of causing cytoskeleton-dependent changes was detected in a large number ...	1999	10347072
response of pathogenic vibrio species to high hydrostatic pressure.	vibrio parahaemolyticus atcc 17802, vibrio vulnificus atcc 27562, vibrio cholerae o:1 atcc 14035, vibrio cholerae non-o:1 atcc 14547, vibrio hollisae atcc 33564, and vibrio mimicus atcc 33653 were treated with 200 to 300 mpa for 5 to 15 min at 25 degrees c. high hydrostatic pressure inactivated all strains of pathogenic vibrio without triggering a viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state; however, cells already existing in a vbnc state appeared to possess greater pressure resistance.	1999	10347079
the use of a modified dakin's solution (sodium hypochlorite) in the treatment of vibrio vulnificus infection.	we report the first clinical use of a modified dakin's solution (0.025% sodium hypochlorite [naocl]) to halt the progress of severe cutaneous vibrio vulnificus infection in a critically ill patient. the regimen used arose from an initial in vitro study designed to examine the sensitivity of vibrio species to topical antimicrobial agents. twenty-eight wound isolates were tested against the following eight topical preparations: silver sulfadiazine (silvadene), nitrofurazone, mupirocin ointment (ba ...	1999	10347673
use of mutant strain for evaluating processing strategies to inactivate vibrio vulnificus in oysters.	vibrio vulnificus is a ubiquitous marine bacterium frequently isolated from shellfish and associated with severe and often fatal disease in humans. various control strategies to reduce the disease risk associated with v. vulnificus contamination in shellfish have been proposed. however, evaluating the efficacy of these control strategies is complicated because of the difficulty in distinguishing v. vulnificus from the high levels of background environmental vibrio spp. the purpose of this resear ...	1999	10382646
factors influencing in vitro killing of bacteria by hemocytes of the eastern oyster (crassostrea virginica).	a tetrazolium dye reduction assay was used to study factors governing the killing of bacteria by oyster hemocytes. in vitro tests were performed on bacterial strains by using hemocytes from oysters collected from the same location in winter and summer. vibrio parahaemolyticus strains, altered in motility or colonial morphology (opaque and translucent), and listeria monocytogenes mutants lacking catalase, superoxide dismutase, hemolysin, and phospholipase activities were examined in winter and su ...	1999	10388697
identification and initial characterization of elastase activity associated with vibrio cholerae.	strains of vibrio cholerae o1 (ogawa, inaba) and non-o1 serogroups have been found to produce an elastolytic protease that can be detected on 0.3% elastin agar plates or in broth cultures. the elastase enzyme appears to be maximally expressed in late log phase (14-18 h postinoculation) and has optimum activity at a ph range between 7 and 8. comparative studies indicate that more than 60% of v. cholerae strains analyzed quantitatively produce more elastase in broth (two- to fourfold higher) than ...	1999	10398830
isolation of vibrio vulnificus from sea water and sand along the dan region coast of the mediterranean.	the occurrence of vibrio vulnificus incoastal sea water and sand was investigated. samples (286 in toto) were taken during the period between november 1993 and july 1994. ten v. vulnificus isolates (6.9%) were recovered from sea water and two isolates were recovered from sand (1.4%). the total isolation rate for this period was 4.2%. in a longer period of investigation, from june 1996 until june 1998 (24 months), 1,248 samples were taken and 205 v. vulnificus isolates were recorded (32.8%) in se ...	1999	10413865
seafood-associated disease outbreaks in new york, 1980-1994.	seafood-associated disease outbreaks in new york were examined to describe their epidemiology and to identify areas for prevention and control efforts.	1999	10429753
compartment syndrome of the forearm as the initial symptom of systemic vibrio vulnificus infection.	sepsis, cellulitis, and necrotizing fasciitis rarely have been described as causes of compartment syndrome. we report a case in which forearm compartment syndrome presented as the initial symptom of systemic infection. vibrio vulnificus, the etiologic pathogen of the compartment syndrome, was isolated from wound and blood cultures. the patient was treated with systemic antibiotic treatment and multiple forearm fasciotomies. the infectious process progressed rapidly, however and due to underlying ...	1999	10447162
vibrio vulnificus septicaemia and necrotizing fasciitis after a prick from the dorsal fin of a tilapia.		1999	10450443
[role of axoplasmc transport in the pathogenesis of cottony exudates].		1999	91450
two effects of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on limulus ventral photoreceptors.		1999	91407
[treatment of allergic non-seasonal rhinitis with intal].		1999	91152
[treatment of acute diabetic ketoacidosis by administering small insulin doses into the serum].		1999	99774
tetralogy of fallot in adults.		1999	91440
chido, rodgers and c4. in vivo and in vitro coating of red blood cells, grouping and antibody detection.	c4 sucrose/low ionic strength (lis)-coated red blood cells (rbc) are excellent for the detection of the previously 'nebulous' antibodies, anti-chido and anti-rodgers, as well as for serum/plasma typing of these antigens by an inhibition technique. by enzyme treatment of such cells, it is confirmed that the ch and rg antigens reside on the c4d part of the c4 molecule. freshly taken rbc from normal individuals were examined with a sensitive auto-analyzer technique with anti-chido, anti-c4 and anti ...	1999	91269
[radiologic features of sudeck-kienböck's atrophy (author's transl)].		1999	91189
an ethological perspective on social behavior in long stay hospitalized psychiatric patients.	ethological methods were employed to gather normative data on social behavior in long stay male inpatients in the ward environment. most were diagnosed schizophrenic. social bheavior was categorized into four main types: altruistic, assertive, cigarette, and verbal. patients (n = 24) were divided into three groups on the basis of the amount of social interaction (top, middle, and bottom thirds of the interactional scale). with the use of these divisions, results indicated: a) marked variability ...	1999	115964
[pituitary reserve of thyrotrophic hormone in hypothyroid children].		1999	103634