Publications

topological and transcriptional analysis of pssl gene product: a putative wzx-like exopolysaccharide translocase in rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii ta1.	an identified pssl gene is yet another one, besides the psst, pssn and pssp genes, encoding for a protein engaged in polysaccharide polymerization and export in rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii strain ta1 (rtta1). amino acid sequence similarity and hypothetical protein secondary structure placed the pssl protein within wzx (rfbx) translocases with putative flippase function that belong to the polysaccharide specific transport (pst) family. the predicted secondary structure of the pssl membra ...	2005	16044265
enhanced resistance to early blight in transgenic tomato lines expressing heterologous plant defense genes.	genes coding for an iris ribosomal-inactivating protein (i-rip), a maize beta-glucanase (m-glu), and a mirabilis jalapa antimicrobial peptide (mj-amp1) were separately introduced into tomato (lycopersicon esculentum cv. sweet chelsea) cotyledons via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. transgenic lines carrying each of the transgenes were confirmed for integration into the tomato genome using southern blot hybridization. transcription of i-rip, m-glu, and mj-amp1 genes in various t ...	2005	16047198
the structure of an enzyme-product complex reveals the critical role of a terminal hydroxide nucleophile in the bacterial phosphotriesterase mechanism.	a detailed understanding of the catalytic mechanism of enzymes is an important step toward improving their activity for use in biotechnology. in this paper, crystal soaking experiments and x-ray crystallography were used to analyse the mechanism of the agrobacterium radiobacter phosphotriesterase, opda, an enzyme capable of detoxifying a broad range of organophosphate pesticides. the structures of opda complexed with ethylene glycol and the product of dimethoate hydrolysis, dimethyl thiophosphat ...	2005	16054447
nodulation phenotypes of gibberellin and brassinosteroid mutants of pea.	the initiation and development of legume nodules induced by compatible rhizobium species requires a complex signal exchange involving both plant and bacterial compounds. phytohormones have been implicated in this process, although in many cases direct evidence is lacking. here, we characterize the root and nodulation phenotypes of various mutant lines of pea (pisum sativum) that display alterations in their phytohormone levels and/or perception. mutants possessing root systems deficient in gibbe ...	2005	16055684
light-induced proton release of phytochrome is coupled to the transient deprotonation of the tetrapyrrole chromophore.	the pr --> pfr phototransformation of the bacteriophytochrome agp1 from agrobacterium tumefaciens and the structures of the biliverdin chromophore in the parent states and the cryogenically trapped intermediate meta-r(c) were investigated with resonance raman spectroscopy and flash photolysis. strong similarities with the resonance raman spectra of plant phytochrome a indicate that in agp1 the methine bridge isomerization state of the chromophore is zzzasa in pr and zzessa in pfr, with all pyrro ...	2005	16061486
[a study on the hairy root culture and antitumor alkaloids production of catharanthus roseus].	to establish transformation system and obtain alkaloids from the hairy root of catharanthus roseus.	2005	16075710
spatial location and requirements for the assembly of the agrobacterium tumefaciens type iv secretion apparatus.	type iv secretion is used by pathogenic microorganisms to transfer effector macromolecules to eukaryotic target cells. the virb/d4 apparatus of agrobacterium tumefaciens transfers dna and proteins to plant cells. we postulated that the cell pole is the site of assembly of the a. tumefaciens type iv apparatus. using immunofluorescence microscopy, we now demonstrate that 10 of the virb proteins localized primarily to one cell pole and a macromolecular virb complex is assembled at the pole. neither ...	2005	16076948
sitefinding-pcr: a simple and efficient pcr method for chromosome walking.	in this paper, we present a novel pcr method, termed sitefinding-pcr, for gene or chromosome walking. the pcr was primed by a sitefinder at a low temperature, and then the target molecules were amplified exponentially with gene-specific and sitefinder primers, and screened out by another gene-specific primer and a vector primer. however, non-target molecules could not be amplified exponentially owing to the suppression effect of stem-loop structure and could not be screened out. this simple meth ...	2005	16077029
genome wide identification of dna binding motifs of nodd-factor in sinorhizobium meliloti and mesorhizobium loti.	nodd transcription factor is a regulatory protein of nitrogen fixing bacteria, which activates expression of nod genes participating in nodulation during interaction with its symbiont legumes. it's dna binding motifs have been characterized and reported in sinorhizobium meliloti and this pattern information has been used in our theoretical analyses to detect its novel regulated genes in genomes of s. meliloti and mesorhizobium loti. m. loti, a symbiont to model legume plant lotus japonicus, show ...	2005	16078361
[expression of two plant agglutinin genes in transgenic tobacco plants].	a plant expression vector pbacg containing the dna sequence coding for amaranthus caudatus agglutinin (aca) and a modified glanthus nivalis agglutinin (gna) gene was constructed. leaf explants of nicotiana tobacum cv. sri were transformed with a. tumefaciens lba4404 harbouring the above expression vector. results from pcr and southern blotting analysis showed that both the aca and gna gene were inserted into the genome of transformed tobacco plants. western blottingting analysis of soluble prote ...	2005	16078746
phenol degradation and toxicity assessment upon biostimulation to an indigenous rhizobium ralstonia taiwanensis.	this study provides a first attempt from a toxicological perspective to put forward, in general terms and explanations, combined toxic interactions and biostimulation strategy upon nutrient medium to ralstonia taiwanensis for bioremediation. dose-response analysis clearly revealed that most of the supplemented nutrients tested (except for gluconic acid) synergistically interact with chronic toxicity to phenol, especially at low doses. acute toxicity based upon adaptation lag is a more appropriat ...	2005	16080687
use of solid-phase extraction to enable enhanced detection of acyl homoserine lactones (ahls) in environmental samples.	a challenge for understanding the role of bacterial cell-cell signalling in the environment is the detection of those signals, which are often present in low (nmol l(-1)) concentrations. we describe here a simple purification method, solid-phase extraction (spe), for increasing the sensitivity of detection for one such group of signals, acyl homoserine lactones (ahls), in environmental samples. spiking of dried marine sponge tissue (stylinos sp.) with ahls resulted in detection down to 0.01 ppm ...	2005	16082531
expression of nitrite and nitric oxide reductases in free-living and plant-associated agrobacterium tumefaciens c58 cells.	a number of the bacteria that form associations with plants are denitrifiers. to learn more about how the association with plants affects expression of denitrification genes, the regulation of nitrite and nitric oxide reductases was investigated in agrobacterium tumefaciens. analysis of free-living cells revealed that expression of the genes encoding nitrite and nitric oxide reductases, nirk and nor, respectively, requires low-oxygen conditions, nitric oxide, and the transcriptional regulator nn ...	2005	16085833
colonization of phaseolus vulgaris nodules by agrobacterium-like strains.	non-nodulating agrobacterium-like strains identified among root nodule isolates of common bean were labeled with gusa, a reporter gene encoding beta-glucuronidase (gus). bean plants were then co-inoculated with an infective rhizobium strain and labeled transconjugants of agrobacterium-like strains. blue staining of nodules showed that agrobacterium-like strains were able to colonize these symbiotic organs. isolation and characterization by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of pcr ...	2005	16091768
structural and dynamic properties of bacterial type iv secretion systems (review).	the type iv secretion systems (t4ss) are widely distributed among the gram-negative and -positive bacteria. these systems mediate the transfer of dna and protein substrates across the cell envelope to bacterial or eukaryotic cells generally through a process requiring direct cell-to-cell contact. bacteria have evolved t4ss for survival during establishment of pathogenic or symbiotic relationships with eukaryotic hosts. the agrobacterium tumefaciens virb/d4 t4ss and related conjugation machines s ...	2005	16092524
absence of detectable transgenes in local landraces of maize in oaxaca, mexico (2003-2004).	in 2000, transgenes were detected in local maize varieties (landraces) in the mountains of oaxaca, mexico [quist, d. & chapela, i. h. (2001) nature 414, 541-543]. this region is part of the mesoamerican center of origin for maize (zea mays l.), and the genetic diversity that is maintained in open-pollinated landraces is recognized as an important genetic resource of great cultural value. the presence of transgenes in landraces was significant because transgenic maize has never been approved for ...	2005	16093316
high-frequency gene targeting in arabidopsis plants expressing the yeast rad54 gene.	gene targeting, which is homologous recombination-mediated integration of an extra-chromosomal dna segment into a chromosomal target sequence, enables the precise disruption or replacement of any gene. despite its value as a molecular genetic tool, gene targeting remains an inefficient technology in most species. we report that expression of the yeast rad54 gene, a member of the swi2/snf2 chromatin remodeling gene family, enhances gene targeting in arabidopsis by one to two orders of magnitude, ...	2005	16093317
diverse rhizobia associated with woody legumes wisteria sinensis, cercis racemosa and amorpha fruticosa grown in the temperate zone of china.	fifty-nine bacterial isolates from root nodules of the woody legumes wisteria sinensis, cercis racemosa and amorpha fruticosa grown in the central and eastern regions of china were characterized with phenotypic analysis, pcr-based 16s and 23s rrna gene rflp, box pcr and 16s rrna gene sequencing. seven main phena were defined in numerical taxonomy, which corresponded to distinct groups within the genera agrobacterium, bradyrhizobium, mesorhizobium and rhizobium in 16s and 23s rrna gene pcr-rflp. ...	2005	16094873
tolerance of transgenic canola expressing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase to growth inhibition by nickel.	plant growth-promoting bacteria are useful to phytoremediation strategies in that they confer advantages to plants in contaminated soil. when plant growth-promoting bacteria contain the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) deaminase, the bacterial cell acts as a sink for acc, the immediate biosynthetic precursor of the plant growth regulator ethylene thereby lowering plant ethylene levels and decreasing the negative effects of various environmental stresses. in an effort to gain th ...	2005	16023358
soil nematodes mediate positive interactions between legume plants and rhizobium bacteria.	symbiosis between legume species and rhizobia results in the sequestration of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium, and the early mechanisms involved in this symbiosis have become a model for plant-microbe interactions and thus highly amenable for agricultural applications. the working model for this interaction states that the symbiosis is the outcome of a chemical/molecular dialogue initiated by flavonoids produced by the roots of legumes and released into the soil as exudates, which specificall ...	2005	16025342
novel insect resistance in brassica napus developed by transformation of chitinase and scorpion toxin genes.	transgenic plants with introduced pest-resistant gene offer an efficient alternative insect control. the novel insect-resistant gene combination, chitinase(chi) and bmkit(bmk), containing an insect-specific chitinase gene and a scorpion insect toxin gene was introduced into brassica napus cultivar via agrobacterium-mediated transformation. fifty-seven regenerated plantlets with kanamycin-resistance were obtained. transgenic plants were verified by southern blot analysis. enzyme-linked immunosorb ...	2005	16028062
the stringent response is required for amino acid and nitrate utilization, nod factor regulation, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation in rhizobium etli.	a rhizobium etli tn5 insertion mutant, lm01, was selected for its inability to use glutamine as the sole carbon and nitrogen source. the tn5 insertion in lm01 was localized to the rsh gene, which encodes a member of the rela/spot family of proteins. the lm01 mutant was affected in the ability to use amino acids and nitrate as nitrogen sources and was unable to accumulate (p)ppgpp when grown under carbon and nitrogen starvation, as opposed to the wild-type strain, which accumulated (p)ppgpp under ...	2005	16030199
effective symbiosis between rhizobium etli and phaseolus vulgaris requires the alarmone ppgpp.	the symbiotic interaction between rhizobium etli and phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean plant, ultimately results in the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules. many aspects of the intermediate and late stages of this interaction are still poorly understood. the r. etli rela gene was identified through a genome-wide screening for r. etli symbiotic mutants. rela has a pivotal role in cellular physiology, as it catalyzes the synthesis of (p)ppgpp, which mediates the stringent response in bacteria. ...	2005	16030240
de novo alanine synthesis by bacteroids of mesorhizobium loti is not required for nitrogen transfer in the determinate nodules of lotus corniculatus.	deletion of both alanine dehydrogenase genes (alda) in mesorhizobium loti resulted in the loss of alda enzyme activity from cultured bacteria and bacteroids but had no effect on the symbiotic performance of lotus corniculatus plants. thus, neither indeterminate pea nodules nor determinate l. corniculatus nodules export alanine as the sole nitrogen secretion product.	2005	16030244
horizontal gene transfer of atrazine-degrading genes (atz) from agrobacterium tumefaciens st96-4 padp1::tn5 to bacteria of maize-cultivated soil.	the plasmid padp1::tn5 derived from padp1[atr+] carrying a tn5 transposon conferring kanamycin and streptomycin resistances was constructed and introduced in agrobacterium tumefaciens st96-4. this genetically modified strain was inoculated (approximately 10(8) cfu g(-1)) in potted soils planted with maize and treated or not with atrazine (1.5 mg kg(-1)). bulk and maize rhizosphere soils were sampled 39 days after planting to look for soil indigenous bacteria that had acquired padp1::tn5. four tr ...	2005	16032656
frequency and character of alternative somatic recombination fates of paralogous genes during t-dna integration.	a synthetic rbcsb gene cluster was transformed into arabidopsis in order to simultaneously evaluate the frequency and character of somatic illegitimate recombination, homologous recombination, and targeted gene replacement events associated with t-dna-mediated transformation. the most frequent type of recombination event observed was illegitimate integration of the t-dna without activation of the silent deltarbcs1b: luc transgene. sixteen luc(+) (firefly luciferase positive) t1 plants were isola ...	2005	15983820
the latd gene of medicago truncatula is required for both nodule and root development.	the evolutionary origins of legume root nodules are largely unknown. we have identified a gene, latd, of the model legume medicago truncatula, that is required for both nodule and root development, suggesting that these two developmental processes may share a common evolutionary origin. the latd mutant plants initiate nodule formation but do not complete it, resulting in immature, non-nitrogen-fixing nodules. similarly, lateral roots initiate, but remain short stumps. the primary root, which ini ...	2005	15986921
role of cellulose fibrils and exopolysaccharides of rhizobium leguminosarum in attachment to and infection of vicia sativa root hairs.	infection and subsequent nodulation of legume host plants by the root nodule symbiote rhizobium leguminosarum usually require attachment of the bacteria to root-hair tips. bacterial cellulose fibrils have been shown to be involved in this attachment process but appeared not to be essential for successful nodulation. detailed analysis of vicia sativa root-hair infection by wild-type rhizobium leguminosarum rbl5523 and its cellulose fibril-deficient cele mutant showed that wild-type bacteria infec ...	2005	15986922
[effects of culture conditions on coenzyme q10 production by rhizobium radiobacter by metabolic flux analysis].	metabolic pathway network of coq10 synthesis by r. radiobacter wsh2601 were instructed. the metabolic flux and its changes were determined under the conditions of changing do concentration and addition of 1% csl in the medium. the results illustrated that the ru5p flux (r7) increased by 26.6 when increasing the do concentration, r7 increased by 17.2 when addition of 1% csl. the ratio of emp and hmp flux as well as tca flux decreased at these two conditions. dpp flux had a little change at these ...	2005	15989267
synthesis and structural modeling of the amphiphilic siderophore rhizobactin-1021 and its analogs.	we describe two convenient syntheses of rhizobactin-1021 (rz), a citrate-based siderophore amphiphile produced by the nitrogen-fixing root symbiont rhizobium meliloti-1021, and several analogs. our approach features a singly amidated, tert-butyl-protected citrate intermediate that easily affords a variety of rz analogs in the late stages of the synthesis. structural modeling and the monolayer behavior of rz and its metal complexes are consistent with a structural reorganization upon rz-mediated ...	2005	15990296
citrate synthase mutants of agrobacterium are attenuated in virulence and display reduced vir gene induction.	a citrate synthase (cs) deletion mutant of agrobacterium tumefaciens c58 is highly attenuated in virulence. the identity of the mutant was initially determined from its amino acid sequence, which is 68% identical to escherichia coli and 77% identical to brucella melitensis. the mutant lost all cs enzymatic activity, and a cloned cs gene complemented a cs mutation in sinorhizobium. the cs mutation resulted in a 10-fold reduction in vir gene expression, which likely accounts for the attenuated vir ...	2005	15995199
agrobacterium tumefaciens increases cytokinin production in plastids by modifying the biosynthetic pathway in the host plant.	agrobacterium tumefaciens infects plants and induces the formation of tumors called "crown galls" by integrating the transferred-dna (t-dna) region of the ti-plasmid into the plant nuclear genome. tumors are formed because the t-dna encodes enzymes that modify the synthesis of two plant growth hormones, auxin and cytokinin (ck). here, we show that a ck biosynthesis enzyme, tmr, which is encoded by the agrobacterium t-dna region, is targeted to and functions in plastids of infected plant cells, d ...	2005	15998742
protein engineering of epoxide hydrolase from agrobacterium radiobacter ad1 for enhanced activity and enantioselective production of (r)-1-phenylethane-1,2-diol.	dna shuffling and saturation mutagenesis of positions f108, l190, i219, d235, and c248 were used to generate variants of the epoxide hydrolase of agrobacterium radiobacter ad1 (echa) with enhanced enantioselectivity and activity for styrene oxide and enhanced activity for 1,2-epoxyhexane and epoxypropane. echa variant i219f has more than fivefold-enhanced enantioselectivity toward racemic styrene oxide, with the enantiomeric ratio value (e value) for the production of (r)-1-phenylethane-1,2-diol ...	2005	16000814
mutations in vmk1, a mitogen-activated protein kinase gene, affect microsclerotia formation and pathogenicity in verticillium dahliae.	verticillium dahliae is an important soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes vascular wilt diseases in a large variety of important crop plants. due to its persistence in the soil, control of verticillium wilt relies heavily on soil fumigation. the global ban on methyl bromide, a highly effective soil fumigant, poses an urgent need to develop alternative control measures against verticillium wilt; and these might be more forthcoming with a better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechan ...	2005	16003535
[possible involvement of hydrogen peroxide and salicylic acid in the legume-rhizobium symbiosis].	h2o2 content was studied in the roots and epicotyls of pea (pisum sativum l.) with normal (cultivar marat) and disturbed (non-nodulating mutant k14 and hypernodulating mutant nod3) regulation of root nodulation after inoculation with active industrial strain of rhizobium leguminosarum by. viceae 250a/ciam 1026. pea biotypes differed by h2o2 content in the roots and epicotyls. exogenous salicylic acid (sa) (0.2 mm) affected h2o2 and sa contents in the roots in an inoculation-dependent manner. the ...	2005	16004261
an antisense rna plays a central role in the replication control of a repc plasmid.	the widespread replicons of repabc and repc families from alpha-proteobacteria share high similarity in their replication initiator proteins (repc). here we describe the minimal region required for stable replication of a member of the repc family, the low copy-number plasmid prmegr4a from sinorizobium meliloti gr4. this region contains only two genes: one encoding the initiator protein repc (46.8 kda) and other, an antisense rna (67 nt). mapping of transcriptional start sites and promoter regio ...	2005	16005966
formation of organelle-like n2-fixing symbiosomes in legume root nodules is controlled by dmi2.	in most legume nodules, the n2-fixing rhizobia are present as organelle-like structures inside their host cells. these structures, named symbiosomes, contain one or a few rhizobia surrounded by a plant membrane. symbiosome formation requires the release of bacteria from cell-wall-bound infection threads. in primitive legumes, rhizobia are hosted in intracellular infection threads that, in contrast to symbiosomes, are bound by a cell wall. the formation of symbiosomes is presumed to represent a m ...	2005	16006515
the plant vire2 interacting protein 1. a molecular link between the agrobacterium t-complex and the host cell chromatin?		2005	16010006
[visualization of actin cytoskeleton in living cells of torenia fourineri using gfp-mtn fusion protein].	by transformation mediated by agrobacterium tumefacien, we successfully transferred the chimeric gene of gfp-mtn ( mtn is the binding domain of microfilament binding protein talin from mouse, which can show the microfilament in living cell ) into torenia fournieri. using confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm), the distribution of fusion protein in different kinds of tissues and cell in transgenic torenia fournieri was observed. gfp fluorescence was found in leaf epidermal cell, stomatal guard ...	2005	16011240
systematic determination of the mosaic structure of bacterial genomes: species backbone versus strain-specific loops.	public databases now contain multitude of complete bacterial genomes, including several genomes of the same species. the available data offers new opportunities to address questions about bacterial genome evolution, a task that requires reliable fine comparison data of closely related genomes. recent analyses have shown, using pairwise whole genome alignments, that it is possible to segment bacterial genomes into a common conserved backbone and strain-specific sequences called loops.	2005	16011797
agrobacterium phytochrome as an enzyme for the production of zze bilins.	photoconversion of phytochrome from the red-absorbing form pr to the far-red-absorbing form pfr is initiated by a z to e isomerization around the ring c-ring d connecting double bond; the chromophore undergoes a zzz to zze isomerization. in vivo, phytochrome chromophores are covalently bound to the protein, but several examples of noncovalent in vitro adducts have been reported which also undergo pr to pfr photoconversion. we show that free biliverdin or phycocyanobilin, highly enriched in the z ...	2005	15938635
recombinant pas-heme domains of oxygen sensing proteins: high level production and physical characterization.	details of a high-level recombinant production method for the heme-pas domains of heme oxygen sensing proteins from sinorhizobium meliloti (sm) (formerly rhizobium meliloti, rm), bradyrhizobium japonicum (bj), and escherichia coli (ec) are described. using a newly proposed, concise, and unambiguous naming system (also described here) these proteins are: smfixlh(128-264), bjfixlh(140-270), and ecdosh(1-147). in addition, high-level production of bjfixl(140-505), the soluble full-length protein co ...	2005	15939306
comparison of four constitutive promoters for the expression of transgenes in the tropical nitrogen-fixing tree allocasuarina verticillata.	allocasuarina verticillata is an actinorhizal tree that lives in symbiotic association with a nitrogen fixing actinomycete called frankia. in the search for promoters that drive strong constitutive expression in this tropical tree, we studied the organ specificity of four different constitutive promoters (camv 35s, e35s, e35s-4ocs and ubq1 from arabidopsis thaliana) in stably transformed a. verticillata plants. the ss-glucuronidase (gus) gene was used as a reporter and expression studies were ca ...	2005	15940528
qtls controlling the production of transgenic and adventitious roots in brassica oleracea following treatment with agrobacterium rhizogenes.	brassica oleracea can be genetically engineered using agrobacterium rhizogenes. the initial stage of this process is the production of transgenic ('hairy') roots; shoots are subsequently regenerated from these roots. previous work using gus and gfp reporter genes has shown that genotypes of b. oleracea vary in their performance for transgenic root production. quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling this trait have been located in one mapping population. the current study provides evidence tha ...	2005	15942754
identification of bacteria isolated from an oligotrophic lake with pesticide removal capacities.	we studied the growth and capacities for pesticides removal of bacterial strains isolated from the laguna grande, an oligotrophic lake at the south of spain (archidona, málaga). strains were isolated from water samples amended with 10 and 50 microg/ml of nine pesticides: organochlorinated insecticides (aldrin and lindane), organophosphorous insecticides (dimetoate, methyl-parathion and methidation), s-triazine herbicides (simazine and atrazine), fungicide (captan) and diflubenzuron (1-(-4-chloro ...	2005	15943106
enhancing the growth of vicia faba plants by microbial inoculation to improve their phytoremediation potential for oily desert areas.	two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of inoculating vicia faba plants (broad beens) raised in clean and oily sand with nodule-forming rhizobia and plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) on growth of these plants in sand and to test whether this can improve the phytoremediation potential of this crop for oily desert areas. it was found that crude oil in sand at concentrations < 1.0% (w/w) enhanced the plant heights, their fresh and dry weights, the total nodule weights pe ...	2005	15943241
symbiotic and saprophytic survival of three unmarked rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii strains introduced into the field.	the symbiotic and saprophytic persistence of three unmarked rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii (rlt) strains introduced into a field site in iceland were followed. this site was free of clover cultivation and initially devoid of clover-nodulating rhizobia as tested by nodulation studies. nodule occupancy by strains was identified based on their distinct eric-polymerase chain reaction (pcr) dna fingerprint patterns. the survival and persistence of the individual strains in soil were monitore ...	2005	15946302
transgenic grasspea (lathyrus sativus l.): factors influencing agrobacterium-mediated transformation and regeneration.	a reproducible procedure was developed for genetic transformation of grasspea using epicotyl segment co-cultivation with agrobacterium. two disarmed agrobacterium tumefaciens strains, eha 105 and lba 4404, both carrying the binary plasmid p35sgusint with the neomycin phosphotransferase ii (nptii) gene and the beta-glucuronidase (gus)-intron, were studied as vector systems. the latter was found to have a higher transforming ability. several key factors modifying the transformation rate were optim ...	2005	15948005
nod factor signaling genes and their function in the early stages of rhizobium infection.	a lipochitosaccharide-based signal molecule that is secreted by rhizobium, named nod factor (nf), induces root nodule formation in legumes. this molecule is also essential for the establishment of bacterial infection. genetic analyses in the legume species lotus japonicus and medicago truncatula have led to the identification of many components of the nf signaling cascade. at least three of these genes do not function exclusively in the rhizobium symbiosis but are also essential for the formatio ...	2005	15955723
signature proteins that are distinctive of alpha proteobacteria.	the alpha (alpha) proteobacteria, a very large and diverse group, are presently characterized solely on the basis of 16s rrna trees, with no known molecular characteristic that is unique to this group. the genomes of three alpha-proteobacteria, rickettsia prowazekii (rp), caulobacter crescentus (cc) and bartonella quintana (bq), were analyzed in order to search for proteins that are unique to this group.	2005	15960851
agrobacterium-mediated transformation of malus robusta with tomato iron transporter gene.	the tomato iron transporter gene (leirt2) was introduced to malus robusta rehd. via agrobacterium-mediated transformation to produce iron-deficiency tolerant apple rootstock. a total of 19 putative transformants were obtained, 11 of which were verified by pcr amplification to carry a fragment of the transgene. among them, nine were confirmed to carry the transgene by southern blot analysis with one to three copies of the transgene integrated into the plant genome. two transgenic plants, one carr ...	2005	15961896
histamine dehydrogenase from rhizobium sp.: gene cloning, expression in escherichia coli, characterization and application to histamine determination.	the gene encoding histamine dehydrogenase in rhizobium sp. 4--9 has been cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli. the coding region of the gene was 2,079 bp and encoded a protein of 693 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 76,732 da. this histamine dehydrogenase was related to histamine dehydrogenase from nocardioides simplex (54.5% identical), trimethylamine dehydrogenase from methylophilus methylotrophus (39.3% identical) and dimethylamine dehydrogenase from hyphomicrobium x (3 ...	2005	15964650
surrogate splicing for functional analysis of sesquiterpene synthase genes.	a method for the recovery of full-length cdnas from predicted terpene synthase genes containing introns is described. the approach utilizes agrobacterium-mediated transient expression coupled with a reverse transcription-polydeoxyribonucleotide chain reaction assay to facilitate expression cloning of processed transcripts. subsequent expression of intronless cdnas in a suitable prokaryotic host provides for direct functional testing of the encoded gene product. the method was optimized by examin ...	2005	15965019
pyd genes of rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 are required for degradation of 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone, an aromatic intermediate in mimosine metabolism.	rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 degrades the leucaena toxin mimosine and its degradation product 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone (hp). the aim of this investigation is to characterize the rhizobium genes for hp degradation and transport. these genes were localized by subcloning and mutagenesis on a previously isolated cosmid, puhr263, containing mid genes of tal1145 required for mimosine degradation. two structural genes, pyda and pydb, encoding a metacleavage dioxygenase and a hydrolase, respectively, are re ...	2005	15968058
two new sinorhizobium meliloti lysr-type transcriptional regulators required for nodulation.	the establishment of an effective nitrogen-fixing symbiosis between sinorhizobium meliloti and its legume host alfalfa (medicago sativa) depends on the timely expression of nodulation genes that are controlled by lysr-type regulators. ninety putative genes coding for lysr-type transcriptional regulators were identified in the recently sequenced s. meliloti genome. all 90 putative lysr genes were mutagenized using plasmid insertions as a first step toward determining their roles in symbiosis. two ...	2005	15968067
stable genetic transformation of the ectomycorrhizal fungus pisolithus tinctorius.	in the present work the genetic transformation and the expression of gene markers in transgenic pisolithus tinctorius are reported. the ectomycorrhizae are facultative symbionts of plant roots, which are capable of affording mineral nutrients to its co-host in exchange of fixed carbon. given the importance of this association (more than 80% of gymnosperms are associated with these fungi), its study from both basic and applied viewpoints is relevant. we have transformed this fungus with reporter ...	2005	15936101
replication-independent expression of genome components and capsid protein of brome mosaic virus in planta: a functional role for viral replicase in rna packaging.	to begin elucidation of the relationship between brome mosaic virus (bmv) replication and encapsidation, we used a t-dna-based agrobacterium-mediated transient expression (agroinfiltration) system in nicotiana benthamiana leaves to express either individual or desired pairs of the three genomic rnas. the packaging competence of these rnas into virions formed by the transiently expressed coat protein (cp) was analyzed. we found that in the absence of a functional replicase, assembled virions cont ...	2005	15936794
the plant cell defense and agrobacterium tumefaciens.	we previously identified changes in gene expression in ageratum conyzoides plant cells inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens by using cdna-aflp. here, we show that a subset of defense-related genes is differentially regulated by an agrobacterium attachment-deficient mutant. the expression pattern triggered by this mutant is similar to that induced by inoculation with non-pathogenic bacteria. we also observed that the expression level of the defense genes was inversely correlated with the eff ...	2005	15936896
gene conversion tracts associated with crossovers in rhizobium etli.	gene conversion has been defined as the nonreciprocal transfer of information between homologous sequences. despite its broad interest for genome evolution, the occurrence of this mechanism in bacteria has been difficult to ascertain due to the possible occurrence of multiple crossover events that would mimic gene conversion. in this work, we employ a novel system, based on cointegrate formation, to isolate gene conversion events associated with crossovers in the nitrogen-fixing bacterium rhizob ...	2005	15937174
high-level transient expression of recombinant protein in lettuce.	transient expression following agroinfiltration of plant tissue was investigated as a system for producing recombinant protein. as a model system, agrobacterium tumefaciens containing the beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene was vacuum infiltrated into lettuce leaf disks. infiltration with a suspension of 10(9) colony forming units/ml followed by incubation for 72 h at 22 degrees c in continuous darkness produced a maximum of 0.16% gus protein based on dry tissue or 1.1% gus protein based on total solu ...	2005	15937952
matrix attachment region from the chicken lysozyme locus reduces variability in transgene expression and confers copy number-dependence in transgenic rice plants.	matrix-attachment regions (mars) may function as domain boundaries and partition chromosomes into independently regulated units. in this study, bp-mar, a 1.3-kb upstream fragment of the 5'mar flanking the chicken lysozyme locus, was tested for its effects on integration and expression of transgenes in transgenic rice plants. using the agrobacterium-mediated method, we transformed rice with nine different constructs containing seven and six different promoters and coding sequences, respectively. ...	2005	15714322
production of antioxidant compounds by culture of panax ginseng c.a. meyer hairy roots: i. enhanced production of secondary metabolite in hairy root cultures by elicitation.	ginseng (panax ginseng c.a. meyer) hairy root cultures, established by infecting ginseng root discs with agrobacterium rhizogenes, were used for secondary metabolite production. in this study, several elicitors [salicylic acid (sa), acetylsalicylic acid (asa), yeast elicitor, and bacterial elicitor] were used to improve the productivity of useful metabolite in p. ginseng hairy root cultures. in sa elicitation, total ginseng saponin content increased slightly at lower elicitor dosages (0.1 to 0.5 ...	2005	15930588
comparison of transient protein expression in tobacco leaves and plant suspension culture.	transient gene expression is being developed to provide a more rapid means of assessing plant tissues as a protein production platform without the labor-intensive and time-consuming process of generating stably transformed transgenic plants. transient expression of the gus-intron reporter gene was facilitated in three different tobacco species. two different approaches to t-dna delivery were compared: (1) infiltration of a prototrophic strain of agrobacterium into leaves and (2) coculture of pla ...	2005	15932278
exploring cargo transport mechanics in the type iv secretion systems.	type iv secretion systems (t4sss) are used by various bacteria to deliver protein and dna molecules to a wide range of target cells. these include systems that are directly involved in pathogenesis, such as the secretion of pertussis toxin by bordetella pertussis into human cells and the delivery of single-stranded dna (ssdna) into plants by agrobacterium. these complex systems are composed of proteins that span the bacterial cytoplasm. the agrobacterium t4ss is composed of 12 virulence proteins ...	2005	15923116
synthesis and bioactivity of some new n-aryl/alkyl/cyclohexyl-n'-(2,3-dihydro-2-oxo-4h-benz[e][1,3,2]oxazaphosphorin-2-yl) ureas.	several new substituted oxazaphosphorinyl urea derivatives of the type rr'p(o)nhc(o)nhr'' were synthesized from alpha-(3-chloro-4-fluoroanilino)-o-cresol by reaction with chlorides of aryl/alkyl/cyclohexyl carbamidophosphoric acids in the presence of triethylamine at 0-50 degrees c. their significant insecticidal and antimicrobial activity and promotion of rhizobium bacteria growth in the soil without effect on the host tissue suggests their possible commercial application as ecofriendly pestici ...	2005	15926201
new evidence for bacterial diversity in the ascoma of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad.	the microbial community associated with ascocarps of the ectomycorrhizal fungus tuber borchii vittad. was studied by both cultivation and direct extraction of bacterial 16s rrna gene (rdna) sequence approaches. the inner part of six t. borchii ascoma collected in north-central italy was used to establish a bacterial culture collection and to extract the total genomic dna to obtain a library of 16s rdnas representative of the truffle bacterial community. most of the isolates were affiliated to th ...	2005	15927744
[regulation of the activity and synthesis of 3-desoxy-d-arabinoheptulose-7-phosphate synthase of agrobacterium tumefaciens 2592].		2005	15790032
functional analysis of the plant disease resistance gene pto using dna shuffling.	pto is a serine/threonine kinase that mediates resistance in tomato to strains of pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato expressing the (a)virulence proteins avrpto or avrptob. dna shuffling was used as a combinatorial in vitro genetic approach to dissect the functional regions of pto. the pto gene was shuffled with four of its paralogs from a resistant haplotype to create a library of recombinant products that was screened for interaction with avrpto in yeast. all interacting clones and a representati ...	2005	15790558
agrobacterium-mediated transformation of phalaenopsis by targeting protocorms at an early stage after germination.	a transformation procedure for phalaenopsis orchid established by using immature protocorms for agrobacterium infection was aimed at the introduction of target genes into individuals with divergent genetic backgrounds. protocorms obtained after 21 days of culture on liquid new dogashima medium were inoculated with agrobacterium strain eha101(pig121hm) harboring both beta-glucuronidase (gus) and hygromycin resistance genes. subculture of the protocorms on acetosyringone-containing medium 2 days b ...	2005	15800779
a gene (pks2) encoding a putative 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase from glarea lozoyensis.	a gene that encodes for a polyketide synthase (pks) was cloned from the fungus glarea lozoyensis and characterized. the gene (pks2) consists of four exons interrupted by three introns of 51, 59, and 65 bp, which are clustered at the 5' end. its predicted product is a 1791-amino-acid protein containing five catalytic motifs typical of fungal pkss, including a beta-ketosynthase, an acyltransferase, a dehydratase, a beta-ketoacyl reductase, and an acyl carrier region. the gene is transcribed from a ...	2005	15800788
production of the main surface antigen of toxoplasma gondii in tobacco leaves and analysis of its antigenicity and immunogenicity.	we adapted a previously described agrobacterium-mediated transient expression system to test the expression level of three constructs carrying the surface antigen 1 (sag1) of toxoplasma gondii. two constructs were based in a potato virus x (pvx) amplicon. in one of them, the pvx movement protein genes were replaced by the sag1 gene. in the other, the sag1 gene was placed under the control of an additional coat protein subgenomic promoter. in the third construct, the sag1 gene was fused to an apo ...	2005	15805575
agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of aspergillus fumigatus: an efficient tool for insertional mutagenesis and targeted gene disruption.	agrobacterium tumefaciens was used to transform aspergillus fumigatus by either random or site-directed integration of transforming dna (t-dna). random mutagenesis via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was accomplished with t-dna containing a hygromycin resistance cassette. cocultivation of a. fumigatus conidia and agrobacterium (1:10 ratio) for 48 h at 24 degrees c resulted in high frequencies of transformation (> 100 transformants/10(7) conidia). the majority of transfor ...	2005	15812003
azospirillum brasilense produces the auxin-like phenylacetic acid by using the key enzyme for indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis.	an antimicrobial compound was isolated from azospirillum brasilense culture extracts by high-performance liquid chromatography and further identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry as the auxin-like molecule, phenylacetic acid (paa). paa synthesis was found to be mediated by the indole-3-pyruvate decarboxylase, previously identified as a key enzyme in indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) production in a. brasilense. in minimal growth medium, paa biosynthesis by a. brasilense was only observed in ...	2005	15812004
transgenic plants of vitis vinifera cv. seyval blanc.	leaf discs of grapevine cv. seyval blanc originating from in vitro cultures were transformed with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba 4404 harbouring the vector pgj42 carrying genes for chitinase and rip (ribosome-inactivating protein) in an attempt to improve fungal resistance. the gene for neomycin phosphotransferase ii (nptii) was used as the selectable marker gene. the explants were cocultivated for 2 days with recombinant agrobacteria and then submitted to selection on nn69 medium containi ...	2005	15812658
dispersal and evolution of the sinorhizobium meliloti group ii rmint1 intron in bacteria that interact with plants.	group ii introns are both self-splicing rnas and mobile retroelements found in bacterial and archaeal genomes and in organelles of eukaryotes. they are thought to be the ancestors of eukaryote spliceosomal introns and non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons. we show here that rmint1, a bacterial group ii intron first described in the nitrogen-fixing symbiont of alfalfa (medicago sativa) sinorhizobium meliloti, is also present in other sinorhizobium and rhizobium species. the intron-homing site ...	2005	15814827
transformation of a recalcitrant grain legume, vigna mungo l. hepper, using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer to shoot apical meristem cultures.	the efficiency of vigna mungo l. hepper transformation was significantly increased from an average of 1% to 6.5% by using shoot apices excised from embryonic axes precultured on 10 microm benzyl-6-aminopurine (bap) for 3 days and wounded prior to inoculation in agrobacterium tumefaciens strain eha105 carrying the binary vector pcambia2301, which contains a neomycin phosphotransferase gene (nptii) and a beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene (gusa) interrupted by an intron. the transformed green shoots th ...	2005	15815929
nodmutdb: a database for genes and mutants involved in symbiosis.	functional genomics research is producing large amounts of data on the functions of individual genes related to symbiosis. we have developed a relational database, nodmutdb (nodulation mutant database), to provide a comprehensive resource for depositing, organizing and retrieving information on symbiosis-related genes, mutants and published literature. nodmutdb brings together new studies and existing mutant-based literature to facilitate our understanding of how genes function in symbiotic proc ...	2005	15817696
biochemical and molecular characterization of a periplasmic hydrolase for oxidized polyvinyl alcohol from sphingomonas sp. strain 113p3.	oxidized polyvinyl alcohol hydrolase (oph) and polyvinyl alcohol dehydrogenase were found to be constitutively present in the periplasm of sphingomonas sp. strain 113p3 (formerly pseudomonas sp. 113p3). the oph was purified to homogeneity with a yield of 40 % and a 5.9-fold increase in specific activity. the enzyme was a homodimer consisting of 35 kda subunits. its activity was inhibited by pmsf, hg(2+) and zn(2+). the enzyme hydrolysed oxidized polyvinyl alcohol (oxidized pva) and p-nitrophenyl ...	2005	15817792
curdlan and other bacterial (1-->3)-beta-d-glucans.	three structural classes of (1-->3)-beta-d-glucans are encountered in some important soil-dwelling, plant-associated or human pathogenic bacteria. linear (1-->3)-beta-glucans and side-chain-branched (1-->3,1-->2)-beta-glucans are major constituents of capsular materials, with roles in bacterial aggregation, virulence and carbohydrate storage. cyclic (1-->3,1-->6)-beta-glucans are predominantly periplasmic, serving in osmotic adaptation. curdlan, the linear (1-->3)-beta-glucan from agrobacterium, ...	2005	15818477
enhanced tolerance to salt stress in transgenic loblolly pine simultaneously expressing two genes encoding mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.	a reproducible approach to improve salt tolerance of conifers has been established by using the technology of plant genetic transformation and using loblolly pine (pinus taeda l.) as a model plant. mature zygotic embryos of three genotypes of loblolly pine were infected with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba 4404 harboring the plasmid pbigm which carrying two bacterial genes encoding the mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (mt1d, ec 1.1.1.17) and glucitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (gutd) (ec 1 ...	2005	15820661
psat vectors: a modular series of plasmids for autofluorescent protein tagging and expression of multiple genes in plants.	autofluorescent protein tags represent one of the major and, perhaps, most powerful tools in modern cell biology for visualization of various cellular processes in vivo. in addition, advances in confocal microscopy and the development of autofluorescent proteins with different excitation and emission spectra allowed their simultaneous use for detection of multiple events in the same cell. nevertheless, while autofluorescent tags are widely used in plant research, the need for a versatile and com ...	2005	15821977
uncoupling of the functions of the arabidopsis vip1 protein in transient and stable plant genetic transformation by agrobacterium.	agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of plants, a unique example of transkingdom dna transfer, requires the presence of several proteins encoded by the host cell. one such cellular factor is vip1, an arabidopsis protein proposed to interact with and facilitate import of the bacterial dna-protein transport (t) complexes into the plant cell nucleus. thus, vip1 is required for transient expression of the bacterial dna, an early step in the transformation process. however, the role of vip1 ...	2005	15824315
precise characterization of rdna genes by intraspecies and inter-loci comparison of rdna sequences and biochemical analysis of ribosomal rna molecules in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	annotation of rrna genes has been incomplete in agrobacterium species although a number of agrobacterial rdna fragments have been sequenced. in this study, precise characterization of rrna operons (rrn) was carried out in two biovar 1 strains, c58 and maff301001. complete dna sequencing of four rrns in maff301001 indicated that each operon codes for 16s, 23s and 5s rrna as well as three trnas, trn(ile), trn(ala) and trn(met). the genes and 16s-23s its of a given locus were exactly identical with ...	2005	15824451
nitric oxide is involved in the azospirillum brasilense-induced lateral root formation in tomato.	azospirillum spp. is a well known plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium. azospirillum-inoculated plants have shown to display enhanced lateral root and root hair development. these promoting effects have been attributed mainly to the production of hormone-like substances. nitric oxide (no) has recently been described to act as a signal molecule in the hormonal cascade leading to root formation. however, data on the possible role of no in free-living diazotrophs associated to plant roots, is unav ...	2005	15824907
liberation of amino acids by heterotrophic nitrogen fixing bacteria.	large amounts of amino acids are produced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as azotobacter, azospirillum, rhizobium, mesorhizobium and sinorhizobium when growing in culture media amended with different carbon and nitrogen sources. this kind of bacteria live in close association with plant roots enhanced plant growth mainly as a result of their ability to fix nitrogen, improving shoot and root development suppression of pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and increase of available p concentration. also ...	2005	15827688
two of the three groel homologues in rhizobium leguminosarum are dispensable for normal growth.	although many bacteria contain only a single groe operon encoding the essential chaperones groes and groel, examples of bacteria containing more than one groe operon are common. the root-nodulating bacterium rhizobium leguminosarum contains at least three operons encoding homologues to escherichia coli groel, referred to as cpn60.1, cpn60.2 and cpn60.3, respectively. we report here a detailed analysis of the requirement for and relative levels of these three proteins. cpn60.1 is present at highe ...	2005	15830189
nodule conductance varied among common bean (phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes under phosphorus deficiency.	common bean genotypes bat477, cocot, dor364, flamingo, and nag310 were inoculated with rhizobium tropici ciat899 and grown under phosphorus deficiency. this treatment induced a significant decrease in shoot and nodule growth that varied among genotypes from 35% to 57% and from 45% to 61%, respectively, whereas root biomass was less affected. phosphorus deficiency affected differently the genotypes for nodule number and size, and the responses of nodulated-root o2 uptake (conr) to raising rhizosp ...	2005	15832683
[auxin production by bacteria associated with orchid roots].	bacteria associated with the roots of greenhouse tropical orchids were shown to produce indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and to excrete it into the culture liquid. the presence and activity of iaa were demonstrated colorimetrically, by thin-layer chromatography, and by biotests. the associated bacteria varied in their ability to excrete indole compounds (1-28 microg/ml nutrient broth). addition of tryptophan to the growth medium enhanced phytohormone production. upon addition of 200 microg/ml tryptoph ...	2005	15835779
[isolation, purification, and identification of virulence protein vire2 from agrobacterium tumefaciens].	bacteria of the genus agrobacterium are capable of transferring a fragment of their ti-plasmid, t-dna, in a complex with the proteins vire2 and vird2, into the nuclei of plant cells and incorporating it into the chromosome of the host. the mechanisms of t-dna transportation through membrane and cytoplasm of the plant cell are unknown. the aim of this work was isolation of virulence protein vire2 for studying its role in t-dna transportation through the membrane and cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. ...	2005	15835784
efficient genetic transformation of sorghum using a visual screening marker.	to transform grain sorghum (sorghum bicolor (l.) moench) with a visual reporter gene (gfp) and a target gene (tlp), three genotypes (two inbreds, tx 430 and c401, and a commercial hybrid, pioneer 8505) were used. we obtained a total of 1011 fertile transgenic plants from 61 independent callus lines, which were produced from 2463 zygotic immature embryos via agrobacterium-mediated transformation. the reporter gene, gfp, encoding green fluorescent protein (gfp), was used as a visual screening mark ...	2005	15838555
[recent advances in soybean genetic transformation].	great advances have been achieved in soybean transformation recently. here, the main progress in soybean transformation and the protocol of some good systems are described. some important factors affecting agrobacterium-mediated soybean transformation are discussed.	2005	15840930
highly efficient transformation and plant regeneration of tall fescue mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens.	an efficient and reproducible system has been developed for the production of transgenic plants in tall fescue (festuca arundinacea schreb.) using a. tumefaciens-mediated transformation. two-months-old suspension cultures served as excellent explants for transformation. the explants were inoculated with an a. tumefaciens strain eha105 carrying a plasmid pdba121 containing genes for hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) and phosphinotricin acetyltransferase (bar). the commercial herbicide basta was ...	2005	15840933
processive lipid galactosyl/glucosyltransferases from agrobacterium tumefaciens and mesorhizobium loti display multiple specificities.	the glycosyltransferase family 21 (gt21) includes both enzymes of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. many of the eukaryotic enzymes from animal, plant, and fungal origin have been characterized as uridine diphosphoglucose (udp-glc):ceramide glucosyltransferases (glucosylceramide synthases [gcs], ec 2.4.1.80). as the acceptor molecule ceramide is not present in most bacteria, the enzymatic specificities and functions of the corresponding bacterial glycosyltransferases remain elusive. in this s ...	2005	15843594
transformation of radish (raphanus sativus l.) via sonication and vacuum infiltration of germinated seeds with agrobacterium harboring a group 3 lea gene from b. napus.	a protocol for producing transgenic radish (raphanus sativus) was obtained by using both ultrasonic and vacuum infiltration assisted, agrobacterium-mediated transformation. the agrobacterium strain lba4404 contained the binary vector pbi121-lea (late embyogenesis abundant), which carried a group 3 lea gene, from brassica napus. among six combinations, agrobacterium-mediated transformation assisted by a combination of 5-min sonication with 5-min vacuum infiltration resulted in the highest transfo ...	2005	15843933
[study on ahl-like quorum signals in mesorhizobium huakuii].	quorum sensing is a mechanism used by single-cell bacteria to monitor their population density and control a variety of physiological functions in a cell-density-dependent manner. an ultrasensitive quorum signal acyl-homoserine lactone (ahl) detecting agrobacterium tumefaciens strain, which strongly overproduces quorum-sensing regulator trar and was proved to be able to detect ahls at nano-molar concentration, was used to detect the production of ahls in three mesorhizobium huakuii strains. we s ...	2005	15847155
[agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of chaetomium globosum and its t-dna insertional mutagenesis].	agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is a routine method in the genetic transformation of a wide range of plant species, and so far, its application has been extended to the transformation of yeasts, fungi and even human cells. by using this transformation system, filamentous fungus chaetomium globosum was successfully transformed with an efficiency of 60-180 transformants per 10(7) spores. pcr and southern analysis showed that the t-dna was integrated into the genome. among of the ...	2005	15847179
luxr homolog avhr in agrobacterium vitis affects the development of a grape-specific necrosis and a tobacco hypersensitive response.	the luxr homolog avir in agrobacterium vitis strain f2/5 was recently shown to be associated with induction of a hypersensitive response (hr) on tobacco and necrosis on grape plants, indicating that the responses are regulated by quorum sensing. we now report a second luxr homolog, avhr, whose disruption (mutant m1320) results in hr-negative and reduced grape necrosis phenotypes. the deduced avhr protein has characteristic autoinducer binding and dna binding domains and is unique among reported ...	2005	15601702
intersubunit complementation of sugar signal transduction in vira heterodimers and posttranslational regulation of vira activity in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the vira/virg two-component regulatory system of agrobacterium tumefaciens regulates expression of the virulence (vir) genes that control the infection process leading to crown gall tumor disease on susceptible plants. vira, a membrane-bound homodimer, initiates vir gene induction by communicating the presence of molecular signals found at the site of a plant wound through phosphorylation of virg. inducing signals include phenols, monosaccharides, and acidic ph. while sugars are not essential fo ...	2005	15601705
high-throughput protein localization in arabidopsis using agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of gfp-orf fusions.	we describe a streamlined and systematic method for cloning green fluorescent protein (gfp)-open reading frame (orf) fusions and assessing their subcellular localization in arabidopsis thaliana cells. the sequencing of the arabidopsis genome has made it feasible to undertake genome-based approaches to determine the function of each protein and define its subcellular localization. this is an essential step towards full functional analysis. the approach described here allows the economical handlin ...	2005	15610358
the type iv secretion apparatus protein virb6 of agrobacterium tumefaciens localizes to a cell pole.	agrobacterium tumefaciens virb proteins assemble a type iv secretion apparatus for the transfer of dna and proteins to plant cells. to study the role of the virb6 protein in the assembly and function of the type iv apparatus, we determined its subcellular location by immunofluorescence microscopy. in wild-type bacteria virb6 localized to the cell poles but in the absence of the tumour-inducing plasmid it localized to random sites on the cell membranes. five of the 11 virb proteins, virb7-virb11, ...	2005	15612921