Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| ecology of staphylococcus aureus: comparative characterization of strains isolated from man, cattle and sheep in bulgaria and in the gdr. | staphylococcus aureus strains from man, cattle and sheep have been differentiated by biochemical tests and by phage typing. strains from pathological material of human origin mostly belong to the host-specific variety hominis, strains from mastitis in cattle mostly belong to the host-specific variety bovis. however, there are also strains from cattle which cannot be allotted to one of the known host-specific varieties and also strains which belong to the host-specific variety hominis. strains fr ... | 1978 | 570580 |
| expression of two differentiation antigens on normal and cultured human t cells. | an antiserum specific for human t lymphocytes (amt) was used to examine patterns of t cell surface antigen expression and to isolate their reactive membrane antigens. by a quantitative adsorption assay, different plateaus of amt reactivity with blood t cells were observed after serial adsorptions with individual t cell lines. molt-3 cells removed 95% of amt activity to blood t cells whereas molt-4 removed 70% and hsb-2 removed only 30%. a cross-adsorption analysis demonstrated that each of the t ... | 1978 | 355545 |
| the effect of methylmethacrylate on bacterial phagocytosis and killing by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | the phagocytic and bactericidal activities of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the presence of methylmethacrylate were determined by in vitro techniques. it was found that methylmethacrylate in concentrations as low as 0.156 per cent significantly decreased the ability of leukocytes to phagocytose and kill strains of staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus, and escherichia coli. the evidence indicates that methylmethacrylate impairs the killing more than the phagocytosis by the le ... | 1978 | 359561 |
| protection of phagocytosed bacteria against antimicrobial agents. | antibiotic sensitive staphylococcus aureus phagocytosed by human neutrophil granulocytes were exposed to penicillin g (benzyl penicillin), gentamicin or rifampicin in concentrations from 2.5 u/ml, 2.5 microgram/ml and 0.2 microgram/ml to 250 u/ml, 250 microgram/ml and 20 microgram/ml, respectively. the bacteria were protected from the antibacterial effects of penicillin g and gentamicin. considerable numbers of phagocytosed bacteria remained viable after 24 hours exposure to antibiotic concentra ... | 1978 | 360374 |
| immunofluorescent localization of staphylococcos aureus antigen in acute bacterial endocarditis nephritis. | a 75-year-old man with staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in whom acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis developed is described. the light- and electron-microscopic changes of the glomeruli in this case were identical to those of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. immunofluorescence revealed deposition of immunoglobulins and complement in the glomeruli. in addition, bacterial antigenic material was demonstrated in the glomeruli by indirect immunofluorescence. these observations ... | 1978 | 362890 |
| the effect of phorbol myristate acetate on the metabolism and ultrastructure of human alveolar macrophages. | in the present investigation we examined the influence of the surface-active agent phorbol myristate acetate (pma) and opsonized heat-killed bacteria (hkb) on oxygen consumption, superoxide release, and glucose oxidation of human alveolar macrophages (am). both pma and hkb produced a surge in oxygen consumption, superoxide release, and oxidation of 1-14c-glucose and 6-14c-glucose by human am. examination of am by electron microscopy following stimulation by these two agents demonstrated membrane ... | 1978 | 207188 |
| interaction of the b95-8 and p3hr-1 substrains of epstein-barr virus (ebv) with peripheral human lymphocytes. | two substrains of the epstein-barr virus derived from the b95-8 and p3hr-1 cell lines were studied for their interaction with human peripheral lymphocytes. it has been previously shown that b95-8 virus has and p3hr-1 virus lacks lymphocyte-transforming ("immortalizing") properties. dna stimulation induced by b95-8 virus showed a good correlation with the number of surface ig-positive cells. p3hr-1 virus added before b95-8 virus completely abolished the stimulation of dna synthesis. it also preve ... | 1978 | 212371 |
| the effect of pneumonia induced in mice with mycoplasma pulmonis on resistance to subsequent bacterial infection and the effect of a respiratory infection with sendai virus on the resistance of mice to mycoplasma pulmonis. | the effect of pneumonia induced by mycoplasma pulmonis in mice on the resistance of the lung to additional bacterial infection was examined. the effect of pneumonia induced by sendai virus on the resistance of mice to m. pulmonis was also investigated and compared with the effect of sendai virus on resistance to staphylococcus aureus. sendai virus infection decreased subsequent resistance to m. pulmonis in proportion to the virus dose. decreased resistance to subsequent s. aureus and m. pulmonis ... | 1978 | 215702 |
| neuraminidase alteration of human lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens, antigens and allogenic lymphocytes. | lymphocyte reactivity to phytohemagglutinin (pha) was reduced significantly in whole-blood cultures initiated with nontoxic concentrations of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn). reduced responsiveness was not due to degradation or inactivation of pha by this enzyme, and the reaction was dependent upon the dose and time at which this mitogen and enzyme were added to the cultures. in cultures from some subjects, vcn also inhibited reactivity to concanavalin a. in contrast, lymphocyte reactivity t ... | 1978 | 283169 |
| protein a from staphylococcus aureus-a mitogen for human t lymphocytes and b lymphocytes but not l lymphocytes. | 1978 | 304871 | |
| activation of human b and t lymphocytes by protein a of staphylococcus aureus. | protein a from staphylococcus aureus, in soluble form or coupled to sepharose beads, acts as a polyclonal b cell activator (pba) for human lymphocytes in blood and spleen. pba activity was demonstrated in spleen cells by the ability of protein a to induce the formation of intracellular immunoglobulin synthesis and to activate polyclonal antibody secretion demonstrated against fluorescein isothiocyanate-coupled sheep erythrocytes in a modified hemolysis in gel assay. more plaqueforming cells (pfc ... | 1978 | 305849 |
| cell mediated immune responses to bacterial antigens on human mucosal surfaces. | 1978 | 311141 | |
| [the mutual transmission of staphylococcus aureus between humans and cattle and the environmental adaptation of hemolysin and fibrinolysin formation]. | in an ecological investigation in 20 dairy herds of cattle we compared the characteristics of strains isolated from nasal swabs of milkers, from the udder of cows and from cases of mastitis in cows. in 7 herds we found definite strains in the nasal flora of the milkers and in the udder-flora of the cows which only differ in the formation of hemolysin and of fibrinolysin. in the other checked characteristics strains from man and strains from cattle show identical patterns. in 5 herds these strain ... | 1978 | 149523 |
| [protein a research in 1200 strains of staphylococcus (using a rapid detection technic by passive hemagglutination with glutaraldehyde treated erythrocytes]. | the technique used was that of passive hemaglutination of red cells of sheep prepared with glutaraldehyde and sensitized by anti-erythrocyte antibodies. a protein-a was not found in s. epidermidis strains, but was present in 96.3 per cent of 689 strains of s. aureus from human, animal and food origins. | 1978 | 150897 |
| phage typing of coagulase-negative staphylococci. | 218 bovine and 116 human strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci and 46 bovine staphylococcus aureus strains were typed with the verhoef-phage set for human staphylococci and the holmberg-set for bovine staphylococci. 22.5% of the bovine strains were lysed by the bovine phages and only 3.2% by the human phages. none of the bovine staph. aureus strains could be typed. 21% of the human strains tested were lysed by the human phages and only 5.2% by the bovine phages. these results clearly demon ... | 1978 | 151457 |
| phage typing of nontypable isolates of staphylococcus aureus using the new phages 94, 95, and 96 and the heat-shock treatment. | of 2,144 isolates of staphylococcus aureus (from human beings in new york state) received in the authors' laboratory during 1975, 992 (46.,%) were nontypable with the use of the international basic set of bacteriophages. these 2,144 isolates were retested with the use of the recently added phages 94, 95, and 96. nearly 60% of the isolates were lysed with one or more of these three phages, including 64% of those previously nontypable, thus reducing the percentage of nontypables to 16.5%. one hund ... | 1978 | 152059 |
| [experience in studying protein a in staphylococcal cultures]. | methods of quantitative and qualitative determination of protein a in staphylococcus cultures were studied comparatively. the maximal number of strains positive by protein a were revealed by means of indirect hemagglutination test with cell extracts. quantitative and qualitative characteristics by protein a can be used in studying the problems of strain and clone heterogeneity of s. aureus. a common antigen was revealed in the reactions with human gamma-globulin in 21 of 38 s. aureus strains, an ... | 1978 | 79281 |
| effects of human alpha-foetoprotein on human b and t lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. | 1978 | 82499 | |
| bacteria induce lymphokine synthesis polyclonally in human b lymphocytes. | we have studied the ability of various bacteria to stimulate human lymphocytes to produce leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (lif). mononuclear cells from adult and cord blood as well as purified t and b lymphocytes were stimulated with killed bacteria. the culture supernatants were tested for the presence of lif by the agarose migration method. all nine bacterial strains tested activated unseparated mononuclear cells and b lymphocytes but not t cells to produce lif. lif was also present in c ... | 1978 | 98583 |
| immunoglobulin m synthesized by human lymphoblastoid cells: interaction with staphylococcus aureus and protein a. | immunoglobulin m synthesized by a human lymphoblastoid cell line, la173, was found to bind specifically to the protein a-bearing cowan i strain of staphylococcus aureus. the (3h)-leucine-labeled, secreted igm from these la173 cells also formed precipitin complexes with purified protein a. soluble complexes formed at high protein a/igm ratios retained the ability to bind to the bacterial surface. precipitin complexes also were observed in double diffusion ouchterlony gels with a line of identity ... | 1978 | 100556 |
| effect of serum on gram-positive cocci grown in the presence of penicillin. | strains of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis, streptococcus bovis, and a strain of streptococcus that produces filaments were grown on agar containing penicillin at concentrations of one-half to 1/10th the minimal inhibitory concentration. these penicillin-exposed organisms as well as untreated control organisms were incubated with human serum of plasma. both serum and plasma produced a remarkable bactericidal effect on the filament-forming streptococcus grown in the presence of peni ... | 1978 | 105057 |
| aerobic bacterial flora of oral and nasal fluids of canines with reference to bacteria associated with bites. | oral and nasal fluids of 50 dogs were examined to determine the prevalence of aerobic bacteria frequently associated with animal bite wounds. the most frequently isolated microorganisms included: iij, ef-4, pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, group d streptococci, corynebacterium sp., enterobacteria, neisseria sp., moraxella sp., and bacillus sp. other species and genera were infrequently recovered and may represent transient flora. the high incidence of iij ... | 1978 | 632349 |
| phagocytosis and killing of staphylococci by human polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leucocytes. | the phagocytosis and killing of 3h-thymidine-labelled staphylococcus aureus by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmns) and monocytes (mns) obtained from 50 health donors were evaluated. in addition, extracellular factors that might influence phagocytosis and killing were studied. the method described gave highly reproducible results. no significant difference was observed in the phagocytic and killing functions of a single donor's pmns and mns when studied several times in one day and longitudinally ... | 1978 | 670409 |
| opsonins in human serum for the phagocytosis of complexes between igg and protein a of staphylococcus aureus. | the phagocytosis of complexes between staphylococcal protein a and 125i-labelled igg is enhanced by fresh human serum and to a somewhat lesser extent by heat-inactivated serum. opsonizing activity is detected in two distinct peaks by sephadex g-200 column chromatography. one peak corresponds to the excluded material and the other to the ascending limb of the second protein peak. the active material in serum is retained on a protein a-sepharose but not on an igg-sepharose column. active material ... | 1978 | 680797 |
| leukocyte-platelet interactions in a murine model of chediak-higashi syndrome. | chediak-higashi (ch) syndrome, a genetic disease affecting man and other animals, is partially characterized by defective platelets that lack serotonin and dense bodies and by impaired leukocyte function where chemotaxis, degranulation, and bacterial killing are decreased. the effects of normal platelets containing serotonin and of reagent serotonin on the subnormal microbicidal activity of ch leukocytes were evaluated. the peripheral blood leukocytes of the beige mouse, an animal model with ch ... | 1978 | 687827 |
| human infections caused by thiamine- or menadione-requiring staphylococcus aureus. | stable dwarf forms of staphylococcus aureus have been identified in clinical specimens as the sole or predominant isolate in eight cases. these organisms have been shown to be menadione or thiamine dependent, i.e., cultivation in the presence of one of these agents has permitted growth of colonies which appear typical of s. aureus. in vitro resistance to aminoglycosides was overcome by cultivation in the presence of menadione or thiamine. menadione- or thiamine-requiring s. aureus can be conside ... | 1978 | 701460 |
| detection of thrombocyte antibodies by 125i labeled protein a. | protein a from staphylococcus aureus interacts in a specific manner with most subclasses of human igg. in the present study a method is described which utilizes protein a labeled with 125i for the detection of antibody sensitization of platelets. the clinical applicability of the test for detection of in vivo or in vitro sensitization is demonstrated in three patients with platelet antibodies. | 1978 | 725905 |
| the uptake of 3h-dexamethasone during phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils. | in the normal human neutrophil under basal resting conditions, cell-associated levels of 3h-dexamethasone (3h-dxm) increased in a linear fashion following addition of the drug. however, during phagocytosis of 14c-labelled staphylococcus aureus (staph. aureus), the intracellular 3h-dxm levels rose above basal concentrations in direct relation to the quantity of ingested organisms. the observation that the cell-associated activity of 3h-dsm rises in a parallel fashion to the quantity of ingested s ... | 1978 | 757535 |
| enumeration and identification of human leukemic lymphocytes by their natural binding of bacteria. | the recently described property of bacteria to bind to human lymphocytes was used to distinguish between normal and chronic leukemic lymphocyte (cll) populations. strains of the following bacteria were used in this study: arizona hinshawii, escherichia coli strains 1 and 2, bacillus globigii, brucella melitensis, corynebacterium diphtheriae strains 1 and 2, corynebacterium xerosis, sarcina lutea, staphylococcus aureus, and staphylococcus epidermidis. for identification of immunoglobulin-bearing ... | 1977 | 404035 |
| antimicrobial systems of the surgical wound. ii. detection of antimicrobial protein in cell-free wound fluid. | human wound fluid contains heat-stable proteins with moderate antibacterial activity against staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli, and different heat-labile proteins with antibacterial activity against e coli. blood serum also contains heat-labile antibacterial substances, but little heat-stable activity against staphylococcus aureus. both blood serum and wound fluid have bacteriostatic activity against s epidermidis, and early growth of streptococcus fecalis occurs in serum and wound flui ... | 1977 | 404931 |
| heterogeneity of nonimmune immunoglobulin fc reactivity among gram-positive cocci: description of three major types of receptors for human immunoglobulin g. | two hundred and thirty strains of various gram-positive cocci were tested for quantitative, nonimmune binding of radiolabeled human polyclonal immunoglobulin g (igg). the majority of coagulase-positive staphylococci and streptococci belonging to serogroups c and g showed a high uptake of igg. the binding of immunoglobulin to group a streptococci was considerably less, with a number of strains completely negative. none of the pneumococcal or the group b or d streptococcal strains displayed any bi ... | 1977 | 409673 |
| mural endocarditis associated with recurrent false aneurysm of the left ventricle. | acute bacterial endocarditis developed in a 65-year-old man two years after surgical resection of a false aneurysm of the left ventricle. the patient had cerebral embolic manifestations, and coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus was cultured from each of six blood samples. a pericardial friction rub and a changing pansystolic murmur appeared during the third week of hospitalization. the presence of a false aneurysm was once again demonstrated on ventriculographic studies. this was successfull ... | 1977 | 832500 |
| influence of temperature on opsonization and phagocytosis of staphylococci. | the effect of incubation temperatures of 41, 37, and 4 degrees c on phagocytosis was investigated using human neutrophils and [3h]thymidine-labeled staphylococci. depressed phagocytosis was observed at 41 and 4 degrees c. at 41 degrees c diminished staphylococcal uptake resulted from decreased attachment of bacteria to leukocytes; the inhibitory effect at 4 degrees c was secondary both to decreased opsonization and to reduced attachment to leukocytes. in contrast to the findings with normal seru ... | 1977 | 832898 |
| variation in the prevalence of antibiotic resistance of staphylococcus aureus from human skin and nares. | patients whose skins are colonized with staphylococcus aureus resistant to penicillin and/or tetracycline may carry variants that are sensitive to these antibiotics. the skin of most individuals yields the fully resistant type as the predominant flora and the nose harbours the sensitive version. this probably represents plasmid loss in vivo. the plasmid-positive cells were not more resistant to desiccation or more deeply pigmented than plasmid-negative cells. the explanation for such distributio ... | 1977 | 833568 |
| kinetics of staphylococcal opsonization, attachment, ingestion and killing by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes: a quantitative assay using [3h]thymidine labeled bacteria. | a method has been developed for studying quantitatively the separate processes of bacterial opsonization, phagocytosis, and killing by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes using [3h]thymidine labeled staphylococcus aureus. phagocytosis is determined by assaying for leukocytes-associated radioactivity after differential centrifugation and washing the leukocytes. opsonization is studied by incubating bacteria with an opsonic source for varying durations and then adding leukocytes. by treatment of sa ... | 1977 | 839081 |
| chemiluminescence by human alveolar macrophages: stimulation with heat-killed bacteria or phorobol myristate acetate. | chemiluminescence of human alveolar macrophages (am) was evaluated in vitro. unstimulated am generated chemiluminescence that remained constant during incubation. addition of heat-killed staphylococcus aureus 502a (hkb) or a chemical agent, phorbol myristate acetate, produced high rates of chemiluminescence that were significantly (p less than 0.05) increased over unstimulated am. phorbol myristate acetate-and hkb-stimulated increases in am chemiluminescence were completely blocked by the enzyme ... | 1977 | 885610 |
| influence of hydrocortisone on granulocyte function and glucose metabolism. | examination has been made of the influence of hydrocortisone on the in vitro phagocytosis and intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus by human neutrophils and the production of lactate and co2 during phagocytosis of latex particles. in high concentrations, 0.5-2 mg per ml, hydrocortisone caused a significant reduction in the phagocytosis and the production of lactate. neither the bactericidal activity nor the production of 14co2 from (u-14c) glucose in phagocytizing leukocytes was influen ... | 1977 | 899798 |
| neonatal lung defense mechanisms: a study of the alveolar macrophage system in neonatal rabbits. | abnormal function of the alveolar macrophage system may explain the enhanced susceptibility to pulmonary infection in human neonates. this hypothesis was investigated by infecting 1- to 14-day-old rabbits with aerosols of staphylococcus aureus and then measuring in situ rates of bacterial ingestion, inactivation, and destruction in the lapine lung. the inhaled staphylococci were killed within the lungs of 1-day-old rabbits at a significantly slower rate than that for 7- and 14-day-old rabbits (p ... | 1977 | 900631 |
| use of clindamycin-2-phosphate in ophthalmology (author's transl). | clindamycin-2-phosphate was studied to evaluate its possible use in ophthalmology. 1. sensitivity of organisms isolated from human clinical materials: of 44 staphylococcal strains in vitro studied 13 were highly sensitive to 0.1 mug/ml and 28 were resistant to 100 mug/ml or more of clindamycin-2-phosphate. 2. in experiments with rabbits, clindamycin-2-phosphate showed superior penetration into the ocular tissues after intravenous injection than after intramuscular injection. 3. clindamycin-2-pho ... | 1977 | 14269 |
| determinants of lung bacterial clearance in mice after acute hypoxia. | net lung bacterial clearance in normal mice is determined by the balance of in vivo bacterial multiplication on the one hand, and the defense mechanisms of mucociliary clearance and phagocytosis and killing by the oxygen-dependent alveolar macrophage on the other. the bactericidal function of the macrophage is the major component of the defense mechanism. the effect of acute hypoxia on the defense mechanism was studied in mice exposed to aerosols of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, klebs ... | 1977 | 21603 |
| effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. x. the role played by leukocyte factors, cationic polyelectrolytes, and by membrane-damaging agents in the lysis of staphylococcus aureus: relation to chronic inflammatory processes. | a heat-stable factor present in extracts of human blood leukocytes is capable of lysing young staphylococcus aureus at ph 5.0. lysis is characterized by breakdown of cell-wall components as judged by electron microscopic and biochemical analysis. the leukocyte extracts can be replaced by a variety of agents known to injure cell membranes, e.g., leukocyte cationic protein histone, polymyxin b, colimycin, phospholipase a, and lysolecithin. the mechanisms by which all these agents bring about the d ... | 1977 | 33120 |
| differential staining of bacteria in clinical specimens using acridine orange buffered at low ph. | optimal conditions for acridine orange staining of air dried and methanol fixed bacteria on glass slides were studied. the ph of the staining buffer did not influence the fluorescence of an s. aureus and an e. coli strain at dye concentrations of 25-50 mg per litre. 81 bacterial strains representing 15 different species were stained with acridine orange under standard conditions, all strains showing orange fluorescence. the ph of the buffer influenced markedly the staining patterns of human cell ... | 1977 | 70957 |
| monocyte function in man. | the monocyte-macrophage cell line is an important member of the host defense system. this report describes a series of assays that can be applied routinely in the evaluation of human monocyte function and gives information as to the activity of normal monocytes in these systems. tests were chosen to assess various aspects of monocyte function that give some insight into the host defense status and the degree of "activation" of the monocyte. the assays outlined in this report are relatively simpl ... | 1977 | 318668 |
| [cytolytic activity of human tonsillar lymphocytes]. | the radioisotopic method was applied to the study of cytolytic activity of human tonsil lymphocytes against chick erythrocytes, intact and loaded with streptococcus and staphylococcus antigens. lymphocytes proved to be much more active in the lysis of target cells treated with microbial antigens than of the intact ones. the degree of erythrocytolysis dispension of the tonsillar cells and their treatment with antiglobulin serum. | 1977 | 331794 |
| the bacteriolytic effect of human dentoalveolar purulent exudates and leukocyte extracts. | 1977 | 273590 | |
| hydrogen peroxide production and killing of staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | the effects of bacterial neuraminidase on production of hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and killing of staphylococcus aureus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) were studied. the concentration of h2o2 was measured by the disappearance of scopoletin fluorescence in the presence of horseradish peroxidase. the results indicated that desialylation of human pmn inhibited the stimulation of h2o2 production during phagocytosis. it also markedly impaired the killing of s. aureus. impaired killing of s. ... | 1977 | 189859 |
| inactivation of penicillin by purulent exudates. | four of 22 specimens of human pus inactivated up to 90% of added penicillin within one hour in vitro. ampicillin and cephaloridine were also inactivated, but streptomycin and fusidic acid were not. the effect was not related to the protein content of the pus, nor to its ph value. microbes that may produce beta-lactamase in small quantities were isolated from three of the four specimens, but the enzyme was not detected in the pus by physical methods nor by microbiological inhibition assay. the in ... | 1977 | 585339 |
| acute hematogenous osteomyelitis: an experimental model. | the injection of barium sulphate (micropaque) contaminated with staphylococcus aureus into the nutrient artery of the canine tibia produced typical inflammatory bone changes. this alteration, similar to those observed in human hematogenous osteomyelitis, consisted of medullary destruction, spontaneous fractures, and intense periosteal new bone formation. this system seems to mimic the characteristics of some clinical bone infections and may provide a model for therapeutic trials. | 1976 | 1246695 |
| effect of fatty acids on staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin hemolytic activity. | the lysis of human erythrocytes by staphylococcus aureus delta-toxin proceeded without a lag and was directly proportional to toxin concentration and temperature of incubation. lysis was complete within 8 min. addition of saturated, straight-chain fatty acids of 13 to 19 carbons increased the activity of delta-toxin, whereas those with 21 to 23 carbons were inhibitory. palmitic acid was the fatty acid most active in augmenting delta-toxin, but its effect could be abolished by the simultaneous ad ... | 1976 | 1248865 |
| purification and characterization of a staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin. | a staphylococcal exotoxin that causes epidermolysis when injected into the skin of the newborn mouse and man was highly purified by coventional biochemical techniques. with staphylococcus aureus ev, the epidermolytic toxin was a major protein component of supernatant culture fluids. the initial step in purification was zone electrophoresis in pevikon carried out at ph 9.0, the isoelectric point of alpha-hemolytic toxin, which remained near the origin. fractions containing the epidermolytic toxin ... | 1976 | 1262065 |
| stevens-johnson syndrome from ophthalmic sulfonamide. | a 71-year-old man, who had a history of a previous bullous drug reaction to a sulfonamide, began receiving an ophthalmic preparation that contained sulfacetamide sodium. the patient received only the ophthalmic sulfonamide, and it was used for one day, but he developed stevens-johnson syndrome. this is believed to be the first reported case of stevens-johnson syndrome caused by an ophthalmic sulfonamide. the sulfonamides are the best verified drug-trigger for erythema multiforme and stevens-john ... | 1976 | 1267457 |
| [in vitro bactericidal activity of lysosomal proteins in human granulocytes. ii. activity of lysosomes in peripheral blood granulocytes from various donors]. | 1976 | 1271896 | |
| selective immunoglobulin m (igm) deficiency in two immunodeficient adults with recurrent staphylococcal pyoderma. | two adult men with recurrent pyoderma due to staphylococcus aureus and a selective deficiency of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody synthesis are described. an analysis of each patient's polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotaxis, phagocytosis and killing of staph. aureus, serum opsonizaiton of staph. aureus, and serum and lymphocyte-mediated responses to antigenic stimulation was performed. family studies revealed a possible autosomal dominant inheritance pattern with heterogenetic expression of vario ... | 1976 | 1274982 |
| studies on the binding of staphylococcal 125i-labeled alpha-toxin to rabbit erythrocytes. | staphylococcal alpha-toxin, a hemolytic exotoxin, can be iodinated using the lactoperoxidase method. 125 i-labeled alpha-toxin binds to rabbit erythrocytes in an apparently irreversible and highly specific manner. the binding of 125 i-labeled alpha-toxin to erythrocytes of rabbit and human reflects the species specificity of native alpha-toxin. binding of 125i-labeled alpha-toxin is blocked by the presence of native alpha-toxin, 127i-labeled alpha-toxin, or anti-alpha-toxin antibody. simultaneou ... | 1976 | 1276142 |
| properties of the gamma haemolysin of staphylococcus aureus 'smith 5r'. | purified gamma haemolysin of staphylococcus aureus was characterized in relation to the alpha, beta and delta haemolysins. the sedimentation coefficient of the gamma lysin was 2-65, somewhat higher than the s20,w values of 1-4 for freshly purified alpha lysin and 1-8 for the beta lysin. the molecular weight of gamma lysin determined by gel filtration was 45000 daltons. the pi of gamma lysin was 6-0, while that of the alpha, beta and delta lysins ranged from 8-5 to 9-6. the amino acid analysis of ... | 1976 | 812946 |
| [contributions of studies on experimental pyelonephritis to the problems of human urinary tract infections]. | 1976 | 822604 | |
| [bactericidal action of modified cavity varnishes--their action against microorganisms found in the human oral cavity (in vitro study)]. | 1976 | 829913 | |
| staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome: development of a primary binding assay for human antibody to the exfoliative toxin. | exfoliative toxin (et) from a phage group ii staphylococcus aureus strain causing staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome was purified by electrofocusing. ampholytes and salts were removed from the final product by column chromatography on g-50 sephadex. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels of the final product yielded a single band upon gel electrophoresis, even when 60 mug of protein was placed in the gels. radiolabeling of the purified toxin with 125i yielded a product that still caused ex ... | 1976 | 131109 |
| trends in the distribution of staphylococcus aureus phage patterns in new york state during 1966-1975. | the phage patterns of 15 790 s. aureus isolates collected from human sources in new york state (exclusive of new york city) during the 10-year period 1966-1975 were analysed. the results showed changes in the distribution of phage groups and a steadily increasing incidence of nontypable s. aureus. | 1976 | 142587 |
| cytomegalovirus specific igm and igg response in humans studied by radioimmunoassay. | an indirect solid phase micro-radioimmunoassay (ria) was adapted for the measurement of anti-cytomegalovirus class-specific immunoglobulin m (igm) and immunoglobulin g (igg). cytomegalovirus (cmv) antigen (ag) was added to the wells of microtiter plates and desiccated onto the bottom surface of the wells. serial dilution of human cmv antisera were added and allowed to react with the ag. the amount of viral antibody (ab) was determined by measuring the specific binding of 125i-labeled goat anti-h ... | 1976 | 62802 |
| microbicidal mechanisms of human granulocytes: synergistic effects of granulocyte elastase and myeloperoxidase or chymotrypsin-like cationic protein. | the antibacterial activity of a myeloperoxidase (mpo)-glucose oxidase system was found to be greatly increased by granulocyte elastase, present in azurophil granules of human neutrophils. the mpo-h2o3-mediated killing of both escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus was potentiated by granuocyte elastase at an acid ph, whereas at ph 7.4 only killing of e. coli was potentiated. the potentiating effect of elastase was not dependent on the enzymatic properties of the protein since it was not abol ... | 1976 | 12111 |
| [studies of enterotoxin production by strains of staphylococcus aureus of different origins (author's transl)]. | 376 staphylococcus aureus strains of clinical and epidemiological origin were tested for their ability to produce the enterotoxins, a, b and c1. for these investigations, microagargel precipitation against specific antisera has been used. additionally these strains were studied by phagetyping, biochemical typing and for their antibiogram. the strains tested came from human pathological processes, mouth throat swabs of healthy people, persons working in hospitals, outbreaks of food poisoning from ... | 1976 | 936826 |
| the interaction of leukocytes and their hydrolases with bacteria in vitro and in vivo: the modification of the bactericidal and bacteriolytic reactions by cationic and anionic macromolecular substances and by anti-inflammatory agents. | acid hydrolases from extracts of human blood leucocytes lyse staph.aureus, staph.albus and strep.faecalis in vitro. the leucocyte enzymes can be substituted by a lytic mixture which contains crude trypsin, lysolecithin, phospholipase c and lysozyme, which lyse other bacterial species, e.g. e.coli and listeria which are resistant to leucocyte enzymes. bacteriolysis by the lytic agents is strongly inhibited by the anionic polyelectrolytes, heparin, chondroitin sulphate, dna, dextran sulphate and ... | 1976 | 941804 |
| staphylococci outside the hospital. staphylococcus aureus in sheep. | biochemical properties were studied in staph. aureus strains obtained from the anterior nares of healthy sheep and from the udders of ewes suffering from purulent mastitis. of the total number of 84 isolated staphylococcal strains 75 (89.3%) were classified as the c biotype. these undoubtedly sheep-adapted staphylococci produced pigment and beta hemolysin, they were growing on crystal violet agar as the negative type in violet colonies lacking both fibrinolysin and alpha hemolysin. all of them c ... | 1976 | 987676 |
| hypersensitivity to bacteria in eczema. iv. cytotoxic effect of antibacterial antibody on skin cells acquiring bacterial antigens. | the sera of persons with generalized eczema (whitfield-type) or with disseminated nummular eczema were examined for complement-activating antibacterial antibodies to test the hypothesis that some eczematous change results from an antibody-mediated cytotoxic reaction. bacteria dying in the stratum corneum release soluble antigens, some of which diffuse into the stratum malpighii and become firmly adsorbed to the epidermal cells. antibacterial antibody and complement diffusing into the epidermis r ... | 1976 | 990168 |
| [origin of the staphylococci in slaughtered poultry]. | studied were 382 coagulase-positive and 290 coagullase-negative staphylococcus strains isolated from birds during their post-slaughter handling, from the vats for water cooling as well as from the women working on the slaughter-house conveyor. studied were the phage behaviour, fibrinolysine production, the crystal-violet test and the type of hemolysines. it was established that the coagulase positive staphylococci were lysed slightly by the human and the bovine set of phages. the main sources of ... | 1976 | 1025836 |
| imported methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection: a case report. | the first isolate of a methicillin-resistant strain of staphylococcus aureus at the wellington hospital was made on 31 march 1976, from a man who had emigrated from the united kingdom in 1973. the infection was successfully treated with co-trimoxazole and fucidin. the epidemiological implications of this infection are discussed. | 1976 | 1072283 |
| lymphocyte stimulation by protein a of staphylococcus aureus. | protein a from staphylococcus aureus (spa) is known to bind to the fc region of most mammalian igg classes. in the present article data are presented showing that spa is a highly efficient mitogen for human peripheral b lymphocytes, with no detectable activity for t lymphocytes. in order to achieve optimal stimulating conditions spa should be presented to the lymphocytes on an insoluble matrix, such as the spa-positive bacteria themselves or spa covalently attached to sephadex or sepharose beads ... | 1976 | 1086776 |
| chemiluminescence response of phagocytizing human monocytes. | chemiluminescence (cl) occurs as a consequence of phagocytosis of bacteria or inert particles by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. this phenomenon appears to be related to the production of singlet oxygen and/or electronically excited carbonyl groups which relax with light emission. we report that human monocytes also produce cl after phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria, fungi, or zymosan particles. monocytes produce approximately one-third of the cl produced by polymorphonuclear neutrophils f ... | 1976 | 780271 |
| detection of circulating igg aggregates and immune complexes using 125i protein a from staphylococcus aureus. | a method for detection of circulating immune complexes by the use of 125i labelled staphylococcal protein a is described. in a polyethylene glycol solution as little as 1-2 mg/l of soluble heat aggregated human igg could be quantitated. variables which might influence the assay were examined. separation of immune complexes in serum from monomeric igg was essential and achieved by gel chromatography on sephadex g200. this assay may be suitable for clinical routine for detection and quantitation o ... | 1976 | 788651 |
| interactions between econazole, a broad-spectrum antimicrobic substance, and topically active glucocorticoids. | econazole is a broad-spectrum antimicrobic substance which acts by permeabilizing the cell membranes. glucocorticoids by their surface activity may counteract this effect by protecting the cell membranes. in fact, a protective action of glucocorticoids in high concentrations against econazole nitrate could be demonstrated in yeasts, not in staphylococci. the techniques applied were the warburg assays (resting yeasts, resting and proliferating bacteria). the elicitation of a blanching reaction on ... | 1976 | 791715 |
| staphylococcus epidermidis in the circulating blood of normal and thrombocytopenic human subjects: immunological data. | immunological studies, performed with human sera and rabbit antisera upon some strains of staph. epidermidis carried in the circulating blood of normal and thrombocytopenic subjects, indicate that the reactivity is very low and almost completely related to antigenic properties common to staph. aureus. | 1976 | 798697 |
| [degradation of bacteria by human granulocytes in vitro (author's transl)]. | 1976 | 799423 | |
| antibacterial activity of human cervical mucus. | the antimicrobial property of human uterine cervical mucus was tested in three groups of women. healthy women, using no contraception, women using an intrauterine device and women receiving hormonal treatment for contraception. cervical mucus was taken on the 10th, 14th, 18th and 22nd day of the menstrual cycle. cervical mucus had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of micrococcus lysodeicticus in all three groups. the strength of the inhibitory effect on the other microorganisms were in t ... | 1975 | 809320 |
| platelet interaction with bacteria. iv. stimulation of the release reaction. | release of 14c-serotonin from human platelets prelabeled with 14c-5-hydroxytryptamine was measured during platelet aggregation induced by staphylococcus aureus. platelet-bacteria interaction (pbi) was as potent a stimulus of the platelet release reaction as collagen, thrombin, or epinephrine. inhibitors which blocked platelet aggregation also prevented the release reaction of pbi. sequential measurements of release, when correlated with nephelometry of aggregation, showed close correlation betwe ... | 1975 | 811123 |
| septic endocarditis and indwelling pulmonary artery catheters. | a pulmonary artery catheter removed from a man with idiopathic cardiomyopathy yielded staphylococcus aureus in culture, as did blood and sputum. septic endocarditis of the right side of the heart was found at autopsy. a review of 438 autopsy reports in which an indwelling pulmonary catheter had been used and of another 493 reports preceding its use at our medical center suggests no association between the use of indwelling catheters in the right side of the heart and endocarditis in the left, al ... | 1975 | 1173900 |
| immunologically active and structurally similar fragments of protein a from staphylococcus aureus. | to study the active site(s) in protein a, partial tryptic digestions of the protein and of intact staphylococcus aureus were performed. fragments which bind to the fc-part of human igg were isolated by affinity chromatography on igg-sepharose 4b and purified by ion-exchange chromatography on phosphocellulose. from a partial tryptic digest of pure protein a at 30 degrees c, ph 8.2 for 30 min we have isolated and characterized six active fragments with molecular weights ranging from 6000 to 8000. ... | 1975 | 1175649 |
| [presence of coryneform organisms (c) in cow udders. iii. fermentation and hemagglutination properties as well as pathogenicity of c. uberis]. | altogether 111 strains of c. uberis isolated from cow udders of a dairy herd were studied. only 27 strains gave positive fermentation without gas formation from glucose, 6 strains from maltose, lactose and galactose, 9 strains from maltose, 4 strains from sucrose, and 5 strains from sucrose and lactose. no fermentation was found in 48 strains; 12 strains decomposed various carbohydrates except glucose. statistically significant differences in the slide haemagglutination test (oh), type a, were o ... | 1975 | 1181560 |
| microbiol growth in lipid emulsions used in parenteral nutrition. | parenteral nutrition via central venous catheterization is associated with serious risks, especially that of sepsis. lipid emulsion (intralipidsweden), which may be administered peripherally, was evaluated for its potential to support microbial growth. washed cultures of staphylococcus aureus, candida albicans, and three species of gram-negative rods were all capable of multiplying in the emulsion at room temperature. variations in inoculum size did not affect the growth rate. studies comparing ... | 1975 | 982 |
| [serological studies on staph. aureus strains from various processes of a disease of human origin (author's transl)]. | this paper deals with serological studies on 332 staph. aureus strains of human origin having been isolated from various sources. on the basis of typing with 17 factor sera, a great number of groups and types was obtained occurring among the strains of several processes of a disease without showing special serological structural formulae which would have been typical for pathological changes of certain localisation. but still deviations have been observed between the strains of most of the serie ... | 1975 | 52246 |
| characteristics of staphylococcus aureus associated with lysogenic conversion to loss of beta-hemolysin production. | staphylococcus aureus strains 7-8 and 57 that produce beta-hemolysin but not staphylokinase (beta + k-) were lysogenically converted by certain serological group f bacteriophages to the loss of beta-hemolysin production and the gain in staphylokinase production (beta-k+). serological group a phage 42e was found to convert s. aureus strains 7-8(beta-k-) and 57 (beta + k-) to beta - k-. conversion of beta-hemolysin by lysogenization of a serological group a phage has not previously been reported. ... | 1975 | 125146 |
| epidemiology of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds. | sixty-eight methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated from mastitis milk samples originating from 20 belgian dairyherds. all these strains appeared to be representatives of one single strain which was probably of human origin. evidence is presented indicating a rapid in vivo evolutionary change in this strain. the following characteristics were found to be variable: the production of beta haemolysin inversely connected with fibrinolysin (staphylokinase) activity; the prod ... | 1975 | 125447 |
| [capsule formation in staphylococcus aureus as a reason for nontypability by phages (author's transl)]. | in staph. aureus strains isolated from human pathological material the frequency of strains which did not react with typing phages (nt-strains) was found to be about 30%. in one half of the nt strains the reaction with typing phages is prevented by a capsule. the capacity for capsule-formation is lost after propagation of the cells in a liquid glycerol-minimal-medium; thus the cells become typable by phages. the capacity for capsule-formation can be restored after intraperitoneal injection into ... | 1975 | 130760 |
| determination of toxin-induced leakage of different-size nucleotides through the plasma membrane of human diploid fibroblasts. | human diploid lung fibroblasts were treated with cytolytic bacterial toxins and the nature of the membrane damage was investigated. [3h] uridine was used for differential labeling of cytoplasmic components of small or large molecular size. two principal size categories were achieved by labeling the fibroblasts in either early growth phase or stationary phase, a high-molecular weight ribonucleic acid label and a low-molecular-weight nucleotide label. the size of the labeled molecules was determin ... | 1975 | 164404 |
| sensitive assay for detection of toxin-induced damage to the cytoplasmic membrane of human diploid fibroblasts. | a sensitive assay was developed for detection and quantitation of subtle permeability changes in the cytoplasmic membrane of human diploid fibroblasts. release of the non-metabolizable amino acid [1-14c]alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (aib; molecular weight (103) from the cytoplasm of prelabeled cells was used as an indicator of toxin-induced membrane damage. an optimal procedure for labeling these cells was designed after varying the conditions with regard to ph, temperature, concentration of aib, c ... | 1975 | 169201 |
| organization of phospholipids in human red cell membranes as detected by the action of various purified phospholipases. | 1. the action of eight purified phospholipases on intact human erythrocytes has been investigated. four enzymes, e.g. phospholipases a2 from pancreas and crotalus adamanteus, phospholipase c from bacillus cereus, and phospholipase d from cabbage produce neither haemolysis nor hydrolysis of phospholipids in intact cells. on the other hand, both phospholipases a2 from bee venom and naja naja cause a non-haemolytic breakdown of more than 50% of the lecithin, while sphingomyelinase c from staphyloco ... | 1975 | 169915 |
| synthesis of 5-amino-1-(5-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide and related 5'-deoxyimidazole ribonucleosides. | 5-amino-1-(beta-d-ribofuranosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (1, aica ribonucleoside) was converted in two steps to 5-amino-1-(5-deoxy-5-iodo-2,3-o-isopropylidene-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (3) which was hydrogenated in the presence of pd/c to yield 5-amino-1-(5-deoxy-2,3-o-isopropylidene-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide (4). the dehydration of 4 yielded 5-amino-1-(5-deoxy-2,3-o-isopropylidene-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)imidazole-4-carbonitrile (7). the compounds 3, 4, and 7 w ... | 1975 | 172632 |
| suppression of pulmonary antibacterial activity following sendai virus infection in mice: dependence on virus dose. | 1975 | 173264 | |
| the use of protein a-containing staphylococcus aureus as a solid phase anti-igg reagent in radioimmunoassays as exemplified in the quantitation of alpha-fetoprotein in normal human adult serum. | 1974 | 4137309 | |
| prevalence of staphylococcus aureus, phage types 71, 80 & 81 among healthy human carriers and their antibiotics resistance. | 1974 | 4281416 | |
| bactericidal activity of aerobic and anaerobic polymorphonuclear neutrophils. | human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) were made anaerobic by nitrogen washout (oxygen saturation <1%, eh < -42 mv at ph 7.0), and the ability of the cells to kill bacteria was assayed and compared to the bactericidal activity of aerobic pmn. anaerobic pmn were able to kill staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus, viridans streptococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa, peptostreptococcus anaerobius, bacteroides fragilis, clostridium perfringens, and peptococcus magnus normally. organisms that were no ... | 1974 | 4361295 |
| infection and immunoglobulin concentrations in chediak-higashi mice. | the chediak-higashi syndrome (chs) has been reported in man, cattle, mink, and mice. chs humans and cattle have an increased incidence of pyogenic infections, whereas chs mink are more susceptible to aleutian disease. age- and sex-matched groups of chs mice (mutant strain) and c57 bl/6n (parent strain) were challenged with candida albicans, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and staphylococcus aureus intravenously and streptococcus pneumoniae intraperitoneally. a significant increase (p < ... | 1974 | 4601767 |
| immune enhancement of pulmonary bactericidal activity in murine virus pneumonia. | bacterial multiplication in the lung associated with murine sendai virus pneumonia is caused by virus-induced defects in pulmonary bactericidal mechanisms. the nature of this effect has been studied in animals immunized against the challenge bacteria. mice were immunized against proteus mirabilis by intraperitoneal inoculation and by aerosol inhalation. after the development of immunity, mice were infected aerogenically with 10(4) tcid(50) of sendai virus. 7 days later, during the height of the ... | 1973 | 4356001 |
| scanning electron microscopy of the attachment of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes to staphylococcus aureus. | 1973 | 4707311 | |
| virulence of two mastitis strains of staphylococcus aureus in bovine skin: enhancement by growth in high carbohydrate-high salt medium or in raw milk. | cows were inoculated intradermally with two strains of staphylococcus aureus, and the severity of the resulting skin lesions was assessed on the basis of size, degree of necrosis, and in some cases by measuring the area of inflammation in histological preparations of excised skin. at least 10(6) colony forming units were required to produce a detectable skin lesion, indicating that the cow has a resistance to staphylococcal skin infection comparable to man and rabbit. the severity of the lesions ... | 1973 | 4716546 |
| crystal-violet type a -- strains of human origin and their relation to host-adapted variants of staphylococcus aureus. | 1973 | 4281736 | |
| anti-gamma globulins and chronic infection: comparative studies of the immune response to various bacteria and gamma globulin preparations. | a study of the relationship of clinical states associated with prolonged infection (bacterial endocarditis and osteomyelitis) and generation of serum anti-gamma globulins was made with particular reference to quantitative amounts of staphylococcal protein a in various infecting strains. no correlation between individual strain amounts of protein a and presence of anti-gamma globulins was detected. thirty-eight rabbits were immunized intravenously with various strains of bacteria (staphylococcus ... | 1972 | 4404684 |
| in vitro studies of tobramycin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic. | tobramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic which has excellent antibacterial activity against pseudomonas, staphylococcus aureus, and many members of the enterobacteriaceae. most strains of serratia, providence, streptococcus, and diplococcus pneumoniae were resistant to concentrations of tobramycin which could be achieved in man. tobramycin was effective against certain pseudomonas strains resistant to gentamicin. the growth medium used to determine the inhibitory level of tobramycin had a sign ... | 1972 | 4670427 |
| isolation by electrofocusing of two lymphocyte mitogens produced by staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus strain da352, grown in a diffusate of todd-hewitt broth, produced two extracellular nondialyzable lymphocyte mitogens having isoelectric points of 5.5 to 5.7 and 8.6 to 9.0. the mitogens were separable from one another by isoelectric focusing and could be isolated free of detectable amounts of other staphylococcal products by ethanol precipitation followed by isoelectric focusing. dose-response curves with both mitogens showed a maximum per cent transformation in the range ... | 1972 | 4118043 |
| polyacrylamide gel identification of bacterial l-forms and mycoplasma species of human origin. | polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic patterns of acidified phenol extracts prepared from whole cells can be used for the identification of bacterial l-forms and mycoplasma species of human origin. ten human mycoplasma serotypes and eight l-forms belonging to five different genera were studied. the gel patterns were sufficiently distinct and reproducible that it was possible not only to identify l-forms at the genus level (group with streptococci) and different mycoplasma serotypes but also to diff ... | 1971 | 4994354 |