Publications

biolistic transformation of grapevine using minimal gene cassette technology.	the use of minimal gene cassettes (mcs), which are linear dna fragments (promoter+open reading frame+terminator) lacking the vector backbone sequence, was compared to the traditional use of whole circular plasmids (cps) for transformation of grapevine. embryogenic cell suspensions of 'chardonnay' (vitis vinifera l.) were transformed via particle co-bombardment using two nonlinked genes in either mcs or cps. one construct contained the npt-ii selectable marker and the second construct contained t ...	2006	16528564
the molecular basis for wine grape quality--a volatile subject.	volatile organic compounds are important flavor components of finished wines. in addition to winemaking practices, which shape wine quality, cultivation of the grape berries in the vineyard each season affects the production of volatile organic compounds as well as other chemical components that ultimately contribute to our perception of flavor in finished wines. by studying how berry flavor components are determined by the interplay of vine genotypes, the environment, and cultivation practices ...	2006	16469915
colour variation in red grapevines (vitis vinifera l.): genomic organisation, expression of flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase, flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase genes and related metabolite profiling of red cyanidin-/blue delphinidin-based anthocyanins in berry skin.	structural genes of the phenyl-propanoid pathway which encode flavonoid 3'- and 3',5'-hydroxylases (f3'h and f3'5'h) have long been invoked to explain the biosynthesis of cyanidin- and delphinidin-based anthocyanin pigments in the so-called red cultivars of grapevine. the relative proportion of the two types of anthocyanins is largely under genetic control and determines the colour variation among red/purple/blue berry grape varieties and their corresponding wines.	2006	16433923
commercial dietary ingredients from vitis vinifera l. leaves and grape skins: antioxidant and chemical characterization.	this paper reports an attempt to functionally and chemically characterize commercial ingredients from vitis vinifera l. grape skins, grape pomace, and leaves, which are used in the formulation of dietary antioxidant supplements. the antioxidant capacity of these ingredients was assessed for the first time by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac) methodology. ingredients from grape skins and pomace (n = 17) showed orac values from 1.38 to 21.4 mumol trolox equivalents/mg whereas ingredien ...	2006	16417286
noninvasive evaluation of the degree of ripeness in grape berries (vitis vinifera l. cv. bacchus and silvaner) by chlorophyll fluorescence.	the use of chlorophyll fluorescence measurements to noninvasively evaluate degrees of ripeness was investigated in berries at various stages of ripening from two white grapevine cultivars (vitis vinifera l. cv. bacchus and silvaner). berries were characterized by diameter, weight, and density and by concentrations of fructose, glucose, sucrose, and total sugars, as well as fructose/glucose ratios, and also by chlorophyll fluorescence at f(0) and f(m) levels and the fluorescence ratio f(v)/f(m). ...	2006	16417283
linkage disequilibrium in cultivated grapevine, vitis vinifera l.	we present here the first study of linkage disequilibrium (ld) in cultivated grapevine, vitis vinifera l. subsp. vinifera (sativa), an outcrossing highly heterozygous perennial species. our goal was to characterize the amount and pattern of ld at the scale of a few centimorgans (cm) between 38 microsatellite loci located on five linkage groups, in order to assess its origin and potential applications. we used a core collection of 141 cultivars representing the diversity of the cultivated compart ...	2006	16402190
changes and subcellular localizations of the enzymes involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism during grape berry development.	the phenylpropanoid pathway yields a variety of phenolics that are closely associated with fruit qualities in addition to structural and defense-related functions. however, very little has been reported concerning its metabolism in fruit. this experiment was designed to assess changes of eleven phenolic acids in grape berry (vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon) and explore both the activities and amounts of three key enzymes--phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (c4h) ...	2006	16399002
a novel method for quantification of 2-methyl-3-furanthiol and 2-furanmethanethiol in wines made from vitis vinifera grape varieties.	a rapid, easy method has been developed for isolating and quantifying 2-methyl-3-furanthiol (2m3f) in wines. until now, it was not possible to quantify this highly odoriferous compound, with a smell reminiscent of cooked meat, in wine. the original aspect of this method is the specific release of volatile thiols using a cysteamine solution applied in reverse flow to sample percolation on the basis of a p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (phmb)-volatile thiol conjugate formed by the direct addition of phmb ...	2006	16390173
the grapevine fleshless berry mutation. a unique genotype to investigate differences between fleshy and nonfleshy fruit.	in flowering plants, fruit morphogenesis is a distinct process following fertilization resulting in the formation of a specialized organ associated with seeds. despite large variations in types and shapes among species, fleshy fruits share common characteristics to promote seed dispersal by animals such as organ growth and metabolite accumulation to attract animal feeding. the molecular biology of fruit ripening has received considerable attention, but little is known about the determinism of ea ...	2006	16384896
identification of the flavonoid hydroxylases from grapevine and their regulation during fruit development.	flavonoids are important secondary metabolites in many fruits, and their hydroxylation pattern determines their color, stability, and antioxidant capacity. hydroxylation of the b-ring of flavonoids is catalyzed by flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (f3'h) and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (f3'5'h), and may also require cytochrome b5. we report the identification of genes encoding f3'h, f3'5'h, and a putative cytochrome b5 from grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv shiraz) and their transcriptional regulation in f ...	2006	16377741
a genetic analysis of seed and berry weight in grapevine.	fruit size and seedlessness are highly relevant traits in many fruit crop species, and both are primary targets of breeding programs for table grapes. in this work we performed a quantitative genetic analysis of size and seedlessness in an f1 segregating population derived from the cross between a classical seeded (vitis vinifera l. 'dominga') and a newly bred seedless ('autumn seedless') cultivar. fruit size was scored as berry weight (bw), and for seedlessness we considered both seed fresh wei ...	2006	17426772
genetic diversity and geographical dispersal in grapevine clones revealed by microsatellite markers.	intravarietal genetic diversification associated with geographical dispersal of a vegetatively propagated species was studied using grapevine vitis vinifera l. 'cabernet sauvignon' as a model. fifty-nine clonal samples obtained from 7 countries (france, chile, spain, australia, hungary, usa, and italy) were analyzed using 84 microsatellite markers. eighteen polymorphic microsatellite loci (21.4%) were detected, finding 22 different genotypes in the population analyzed with a genetic similarity o ...	2006	17426761
lead, mercury, and nickel in grapevine, vitis vinifera l., in polluted and nonpolluted regions.		2006	17176992
[impact of subculture cycles and inoculum sizes on suspension cultures of vitis vinifera].	the commercial application of plant cell cultures is often hindered by the instability of secondary metabolite biosynthesis, where the metabolite yield fluctuates and decline dramatically over subcultures. this study proposed that such instability is due to the fluctuations of culture variables. to validate this hypothesis, the effects of the fluctuations of two culture variables (subculture cycle and inoculum size) on the biomass, anthocyanin biosynthesig, intracellular carbon, nitrogen and pho ...	2006	17168324
cryopreservation of axillary buds of grape (vitis vinifera) in vitro plantlets.	axillary buds sampled from in vitro plants of four grape varieties could withstand cryopreservation using the encapsulation-dehydration technique. regrowth percentages ranged between 15 and 40%. buds were encapsulated in alginate beads containing 0.5m sucrose, precultured at 5 degrees c on media containing daily increasing sucrose concentrations from 0.1 to 1.0m, then desiccated to 21% moisture content (fresh weight basis) and frozen slowly (pre-freezing to -40 degrees c at 0.2 degrees c/min fol ...	2006	11788874
pharmacometrics of stilbenes: seguing towards the clinic.	stilbenes are small molecular weight (approximately 200-300 g/mol), naturally occurring compounds and are found in a wide range of plant sources, aromatherapy products, and dietary supplements. these molecules are synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway and share some structural similarities to estrogen. upon environmental threat, the plant host activates the phenylpropanoid pathway and stilbene structures are produced and subsequently secreted. stilbenes act as natural protective agents to ...	2006	18666380
xylem structure and connectivity in grapevine (vitis vinifera) shoots provides a passive mechanism for the spread of bacteria in grape plants.	bacterial leaf scorch occurring in a number of economically important plants is caused by the xylem-limited bacterium xylella fastidiosa (xf). in grapevine, xf systemic infection causes pierce's disease and is lethal. traditional dogma is that xf movement between vessels requires the digestion of inter-vessel pit membranes. however, yersinia enterocolitica (ye) (a bacterium found in animals) and fluorescent beads moved rapidly within grapevine xylem from stem into leaf lamina, suggesting open co ...	2006	16790469
anthocyanin-rich extracts inhibit multiple biomarkers of colon cancer in rats.	the aim of the present study was to investigate the chemoprotective activity of anthocyanin-rich extracts (ares) from bilberry (vaccinium myrtillus l.), chokeberry (aronia meloncarpa e.), and grape (vitis vinifera) by assessing multiple biomarkers of colon cancer in male rats treated with a colon carcinogen, azoxymethane. fischer 344 male rats were fed the ain-93 diet (control) or ain-93 diet supplemented with ares for 14 wk. biomarkers that were evaluated included the number and multiplicity of ...	2006	16800776
transgenic peas (pisum sativum) expressing polygalacturonase inhibiting protein from raspberry (rubus idaeus) and stilbene synthase from grape (vitis vinifera).	the pea (pisum sativum l.) varieties baroness (united kingdome) and baccara (france) were transformed via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer with pgptv binary vectors containing the bar gene in combination with two different antifungal genes coding for polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) from raspberry (rubus idaeus l.) driven by a double 35s promoter, or the stilbene synthase (vst1) from grape (vitis vinifera l.) driven by its own elicitor-inducible promoter. transgenic li ...	2006	16802117
influence of vineyard location and vine water status on fruit maturation of nonirrigated cv. agiorgitiko (vitis vinifera l.). effects on wine phenolic and aroma components.	the influence of site on grape and wine composition was investigated for vitis vinifera l. cv. agiorgitiko in the nemea appellation area in southern greece. three nonirrigated plots were studied during the 1997 and 1998 vintages, which were typically very hot and without summer rainfall. vines were subjected to different water regimens as a result of the variation of soil water-holding capacity and evaporative demand. vine water status was determined by means of predawn leaf water potential. dif ...	2006	16819919
effect of oligomer procyanidins on reperfusion arrhythmias and lactate dehydrogenase release in the isolated rat heart.	the antiarrhythmic effect of an oral 3-week-pretreatment with oligomer procyanidins derived from vitis vinifera was investigated on the isolated perfused heart after global no-flow ischemia (procyanidin-treated group: n = 9, control group: n = 13). hearts were perfused with a modified krebs-henseleit solution in which the k+ content was reduced to 3.0 mmol/l in order to lower the fibrillation threshold. monophasic action potentials in addition to ecg were recorded. the durations of ischemia and ...	2006	16821641
in-vivo assessment of antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of grapevine leaves (vitis vinifera) in diabetic rats.	the acute and the subacute (15 days) hypoglycaemic and antihyperglycaemic effect of the two different doses (250, 500 mg/kg) of the aqueous extract from the leaves of vitis vinifera l. were evaluated in this study. the aqueous extract was further fractionated through successive solvent extractions and the acute effect of different doses of its subfractions, 25 mg/kg for ethylacetate fraction, 80 mg/kg for n-butanol fraction and 375 mg/kg for remaining aqueous fraction were investigated using nor ...	2006	16824713
salmon, wildlife, and wine: marine-derived nutrients in human-dominated ecosystems of central california.	pacific salmon transfer large quantities of marine-derived nutrients to adjacent forest ecosystems with profound effects on plant and wildlife production. we investigated this process for two highly modified california wine country rivers, one with consistent salmon runs (mokelumne river) and one without (calaveras river). mokelumne river chinook salmon transported biomass and n comparable to pacific northwest salmon streams. calaveras river levels were much less. scavenger numbers correlated wi ...	2006	16826998
botrytis cinerea virulence is drastically reduced after disruption of chitin synthase class iii gene (bcchs3a).	botrytis cinerea is an important phytopathogenic fungus requiring new methods of control. chitin biosynthesis, which involves seven classes of chitin synthases, could be an attractive target. a fragment encoding one of the class iii enzymes was used to disrupt the corresponding bcchs3a gene in the b. cinerea genome. the resulting mutant exhibited a 39% reduction in its chitin content and an 89% reduction in its in vitro chitin synthase activity, compared with the wild-type strain. bcchs3a mutant ...	2006	16882034
aspergillus ibericus: a new species of section nigri isolated from grapes.	as part of a study on the ochratoxin producing mycoflora of grapes, several aspergillus strains were isolated and tested for their ochratoxin a (ota) producing abilities. aspergillus strains of the section nigri, which did not produce detectable amounts of ota but which had a similar morphology to a. carbonarius, were isolated from wine grapes and/or dried vine fruit in portugal and spain. these strains, however, have characters that allow morphological distinction from the other species in the ...	2006	16894975
hydrolysis and transformation of grape glycosidically bound volatile compounds during fermentation with three saccharomyces yeast strains.	the ability of three saccharomyces wine yeasts (s. cerevisiae awri 838, s. cerevisiae awri 1537, and s. bayanus awri 1375) to liberate volatile compounds from sugar-bound aroma precursors was investigated using synthetic and grape glycosides under different experimental conditions. in model systems involving the incubation of yeast cells with either synthetic or grape-derived glycosides under conditions more favorable for glycosidase activities and less favorable for acid-catalyzed hydrolysis (p ...	2006	16910726
activity of grape extracts from greek varieties of vitis vinifera against mutagenicity induced by bleomycin and hydrogen peroxide in salmonella typhimurium strain ta102.	several in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that grape extracts could prevent certain steps in carcinogenesis and a few mechanisms have been proposed for this activity. in this study, the potential antimutagenic activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts from two greek grape varieties of vitis vinifera against dna damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ros) was assessed as a potential novel chemopreventive mechanism, using salmonella typhimurium strain ta102. the two grape varieties wer ...	2006	16935024
transporters expressed during grape berry (vitis vinifera l.) development are associated with an increase in berry size and berry potassium accumulation.	potassium accumulation is essential for grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) growth and development, but excessive levels in berries at harvest may reduce wine quality particularly for red wines. in addition to decreasing the free acid levels, potassium also combines with tartaric acid to form largely insoluble potassium bitartrate. this precipitates during winemaking and storage, resulting in an increase in wine ph that is associated with negative impacts on wine colour, flavour, and microbiological s ...	2006	16936223
stereoisomeric distribution of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate in dry and sweet white wines made from vitis vinifera (var. sauvignon blanc and semillon).	the enantiomeric distribution of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (3mh) and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate (3mha) in vitis vinifera wines was determined by combining two techniques: specific purification of volatile thiols from the wines using p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and separation of the chiral molecules by gas-phase chromatography on a cyclodextrin capillary column. the r and s enantiomer ratios of these two thiols in dry white sauvignon blanc and semillon wines are approximately 30:70 for a3mh and 50:50 for 3m ...	2006	16968090
isolation of an ethanol-tolerant endospore-forming gram-negative brevibacillus sp. as a covert contaminant in grape tissue cultures.	to characterize the alcohol-surviving bacterial isolate arbg1 from in vitro grapes (vitis vinifera).	2006	16968288
enhancement of chilling resistance of inoculated grapevine plantlets with a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium, burkholderia phytofirmans strain psjn.	in vitro inoculation of vitis vinifera l. cv. chardonnay explants with a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium, burkholderia phytofirmans strain psjn, increased grapevine growth and physiological activity at a low temperature. there was a relationship between endophytic bacterial colonization of the grapevine plantlets and their growth at both ambient (26 degrees c) and low (4 degrees c) temperatures and their sensitivities to chilling. the major benefits of bacterization were observed on root g ...	2006	16980419
detection and quantification of erysiphe necator dna in wine grapes and resultant must and juice.	powdery mildew of grapevines is difficult to assess visually at the weighbridge, particularly in large consignments of machine-harvested fruit. to facilitate accurate methods for the detection and quantification of the disease in grape samples obtained from both the vineyard and winery, we developed a dna probe for the pathogen erysiphe necator. the e. necator-specific 450 bp dna fragment pena1, targets highly repetitive sequences and was isolated from a partial genomic library. in screening for ...	2006	17010594
using unnatural protein fusions to engineer resveratrol biosynthesis in yeast and mammalian cells.	resveratrol is a naturally occurring defense compound produced by a limited number of plants in response to stresses. besides cardiovascular benefits, this health-promoting compound has been reported to extend life spans in yeasts, flies, worms, and fish. to biosynthesize resveratrol de novo, tyrosine ammonia lyase (tal), 4-coumarate coa-ligase (4cl), and stilbene synthase (sts) were isolated from rhodobacter sphaeroides, arabidopsis thaliana, and vitis vinifera, respectively. yeast cells expres ...	2006	17017764
molecular basis of ergosterol-induced protection of grape against botrytis cinerea: induction of type i ltp promoter activity, wrky, and stilbene synthase gene expression.	type i lipid transfer proteins (ltps) are basic, 9-kda cystein-rich proteins believed to be involved in plant defense mechanisms. a 2,100-bp fragment containing the coding region of vitis vinifera lipid transfer protein 1 (vvltp1) and 1,420-bp of its promoter region was isolated by screening a grape genomic library. in silico analysis revealed several putative, defense-related, cis-regulatory elements such as w- and myb-boxes, involved in the binding of wrky and myb transcription factors, respec ...	2006	17022174
grapevine (vitis vinifera l.).	grapevine (vitis) is considered to be one of the major fruit crops in the world based on hectares cultivated and economic value. grapes are used not only for wine but also for fresh fruit, dried fruit, and juice production. wine is by far the major product of grapes and the focus of this chapter is on wine grape cultivars. grapevine cultivars of vitis vinifera l. have a reputation for producing premium quality wines. these premium quality wines are produced from a small number of cultivars that ...	2006	17033070
abiotic stress generates ros that signal expression of anionic glutamate dehydrogenases to form glutamate for proline synthesis in tobacco and grapevine.	glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) may be a stress-responsive enzyme, as gdh exhibits considerable thermal stability, and de novo synthesis of the alpha-gdh subunit is induced by exogenous ammonium and senescence. nacl treatment induces reactive oxygen species (ros), intracellular ammonia, expression of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum cv xanthi) gdh-nad;a1 encoding the alpha-subunit of gdh, increase in immunoreactive alpha-polypeptide, assembly of the anionic isoenzymes, and in vitro gdh aminating activit ...	2006	17041150
the grapevine polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (vvpgip1) reduces botrytis cinerea susceptibility in transgenic tobacco and differentially inhibits fungal polygalacturonases.	polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (pgips) selectively inhibit polygalacturonases (pgs) secreted by invading plant pathogenic fungi. pgips display differential inhibition towards pgs from different fungi, also towards different isoforms of pgs originating from a specific pathogen. recently, a pgip-encoding gene from vitis vinifera (vvpgip1) was isolated and characterised. pgip purified from grapevine was shown to inhibit crude polygalacturonase extracts from botrytis cinerea, but this inhibit ...	2006	17072564
occurrence of ochratoxin a- and aflatoxin b1-producing fungi in lebanese grapes and ochratoxin a content in musts and finished wines during 2004.	this paper reports the results of an extensive survey on the occurrence of filamentous fungi isolated from wine-grapes in lebanon and to test their ability to produce ochratoxin a (ota) and aflatoxin b1 (afb1) on cya culture medium, in order to assess their potential for producing these mycotoxins on grapes. from the 470 grapes samples taken during season 2004, 550 fungi strains were isolated with 490 belonging to aspergillus spp. and 60 belonging to penicillium spp. all these isolated fungi sta ...	2006	17090150
methyl jasmonate induces defense responses in grapevine and triggers protection against erysiphe necator.	grapevine is subject to a number of diseases that affect yield and wine quality. to limit the excessive use of phytochemicals in the vineyard, alternative strategies have to be developed. plant treatment with signaling molecules like elicitors stimulates their natural defense mechanisms. to improve grapevine tolerance against fungal pathogens, vitis vinifera plants were treated with a natural exogenous elicitor, methyl jasmonate (meja). meja-treated leaves (cabernet sauvignon foliar cuttings) re ...	2006	17117799
anatomical, histological, and histochemical changes in grape seeds from vitis vinifera l. cv cabernet franc during fruit development.	cabernet franc berries were sampled at five stages from berry set to harvest from an experimental vineyard in mid loire valley. seeds were collected from representative berries in term of stage of development. the evolution of seed was followed both macro- and microscopically. for microscopy analysis, seeds were cut, put in a fixation solution, and cut into thin sections with a microtome. five staining solutions were used for each seed sample: toluidine blue o, phloroglucinol, periodic acid-schi ...	2006	17117811
genealogy of wine grape cultivars: "pinot" is related to "syrah".	since the domestication of wild grapes ca 6000 years ago, numerous cultivars have been generated by spontaneous or deliberate crosses, and up to 10 000 are still in existence today. just as in human paternity analysis, dna typing can reveal unexpected parentage of grape cultivars. in this study, we have analysed 89 grape cultivars with 60 microsatellite markers in order to accurately calculate the identity-by-descent (ibd) and relatedness (r) coefficients among six putatively related cultivars f ...	2006	16721391
aflp analysis of genetic variation within the two economically important anatolian grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) varietal groups.	the anatolian region of modern-day turkey is believed to have played an important role in the history of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) domestication and spread. despite this, the rich grape germplasm of this region is virtually uncharacterized genetically. in this study, the amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflp)-based genetic relations of the grapevine accessions belonging to the 2 economically important anatolian table grape varietal groups known as v. vinifera 'misket' (muscat) and v. ...	2006	16767171
densitometric thin-layer chromatographic determination of aescin in a herbal medicinal product containing aesculus and vitis dry extracts.	a thin-layer chromatographic (tlc) method is developed to analyze the total saponin content, also referred to as the aescin content, in a herbal medicinal product (hmp) containing two dry extracts in capsules. the capsules contain 250 mg of aesculus hippocastanum dry extract, 120 mg of vitis vinifera dry extract and 50mg of excipients. after a purification step using c(18) solid phase extraction (spe) cartridges, the samples are analyzed on a silica-gel hptlc plate with the upper layer of a mixt ...	2006	16364347
characterization of a grapevine r2r3-myb transcription factor that regulates the phenylpropanoid pathway.	the ripening of grape (vitis vinifera) berry is characterized by dramatic changes in gene expression, enzymatic activities, and metabolism that lead to the production of compounds essential for berry quality. the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway is one of the components involved in these changes. in this study, we describe the cloning and functional characterization of vvmyb5a, a cdna isolated from a grape l. cv cabernet sauvignon berry library. vvmyb5a encodes a protein belonging to a small su ...	2006	16384897
antilisterial activity of grape juice and grape extracts derived from vitis vinifera variety ribier.	grape juice and skin and seed extracts of vitis vinifera var. ribier black table grapes were found to be highly inhibitory towards listeria monocytogenes. this grape juice was also active against all other listeria species tested but not against bacillus cereus, salmonella menston, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus or yersinia enterocolitica. fractionation of the extracts showed that the antilisterial activity was strongest in the polymeric phenolic fractions. two different types of active ...	2006	16386816
modified cyclodextrins are chemically defined glucan inducers of defense responses in grapevine cell cultures.	in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.), defense responses after microbial infection or treatment with elicitors involve accumulation of phytoalexins, oxidative burst, and the synthesis of pathogenesis-related proteins. oligosaccharide fractions from fungal or algal cell walls efficiently induce the defense responses, but a detailed analysis of the elicitor-plant cell surface interaction at the molecular level is precluded by the lack of chemically pure oligosaccharide elicitors. a grapevine liquid cel ...	2006	16390179
molecular characterization of grapevine plants transformed with gflv resistance genes: ii.	a collection of 127 putatively transgenic individuals of vitis vinifera cv. russalka was characterized by pcr and southern hybridization. six different constructs containing the neomycin phosphotransferase (nptii) marker gene and sequences of the grapevine fanleaf virus coat protein (gflv cp) gene including non-translatable and truncated forms were transferred via agrobacterium-mediated transformation. detection of transgenic sequences by pcr was positive in all lines. southern blot analysis rev ...	2006	16408176
interactions between yeasts and grapevines: filamentous growth, endopolygalacturonase and phytopathogenicity of colonizing yeasts.	it has been clearly established that phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses exert biotic stresses on plants. much less is known, however, about the interactions between enological species of yeast and their host plants. in a previous study, we described how saccharomyces cerevisiae, the most common enological yeast, can act as a grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) pathogen, causing growth retardation or plant death. in the present in vitro study on 11 strains of yeast belonging to different gene ...	2006	16408245
comparative studies of the antioxidant effects of cis- and trans-resveratrol.	resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene, resv) is a natural phenolic compound that exists as cis and trans isomers [c-resv or (z)-resv and t-resv or (e)-resv, respectively]. t-resv is a natural component of vitis vinifera l. (vitaceae), abundant in the skin of grapes (but not in the flesh) and in the leaf epidermis, and present in wines, especially red wines. in in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experiments t-resv exhibits a number of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anticarcino ...	2006	16457641
a novel bacteroidetes symbiont is localized in scaphoideus titanus, the insect vector of flavescence dorée in vitis vinifera.	flavescence dorée (fd) is a grapevine disease that afflicts several wine production areas in europe, from portugal to serbia. fd is caused by a bacterium, "candidatus phytoplasma vitis," which is spread throughout the vineyards by a leafhopper, scaphoideus titanus (cicadellidae). after collection of s. titanus specimens from fd-contaminated vineyards in three different areas in the piedmont region of italy, we performed a survey to characterize the bacterial microflora associated with this insec ...	2006	16461701
evaluation of transgenic 'chardonnay' (vitis vinifera) containing magainin genes for resistance to crown gall and powdery mildew.	magainins, short peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity in vitro, were assayed for their ability to confer resistance to pathogens in transgenic grapevines. embryogenic cell suspensions of 'chardonnay' (vitis vinifera l.) were co-transformed by microprojectile bombardment with a plasmid carrying the npt-ii gene and a second plasmid harboring either a natural magainin-2 (mag2) or a synthetic derivative (msi99) gene. magainin genes and the marker gene were driven by arabidopsis ubiqui ...	2006	16475011
survival of inoculated saccharomyces cerevisiae strain on wine grapes during two vintages.	to investigate the influence of a specific ecological niche, the wine grape, on the survival and development of saccharomyces cerevisiae.	2006	16478512
expression analysis of defence-related genes in grapevine leaves after inoculation with a host and a non-host pathogen.	the expression of pr protein encoding genes and genes involved in the phenylpropanoid metabolism was analysed on grapevine leaves of susceptible and resistant cvs. in response to inoculation with the host-pathogen plasmopara viticola and the non-host pathogen pseudoperonospora cubensis, the downy mildew pathogen of cucumber. these experiments were conducted to elucidate whether or not grapevine plants susceptible to downy mildew exhibit an identical defence response after inoculation with the no ...	2006	16531058
lactic acid bacteria associated with wine grapes from several australian vineyards.	the detection and isolation of lactic acid bacteria by enrichment methods from wine grapes cultivated in vineyards located in new south wales, australia.	2006	16553726
phylogenetic analyses of vitis (vitaceae) based on complete chloroplast genome sequences: effects of taxon sampling and phylogenetic methods on resolving relationships among rosids.	the vitaceae (grape) is an economically important family of angiosperms whose phylogenetic placement is currently unresolved. recent phylogenetic analyses based on one to several genes have suggested several alternative placements of this family, including sister to caryophyllales, asterids, saxifragales, dilleniaceae or to rest of rosids, though support for these different results has been weak. there has been a recent interest in using complete chloroplast genome sequences for resolving phylog ...	2006	16603088
[significant improved anthocyanins biosynthesis in suspension cultures of vitis vinifera by process intensification].	the low-production is a ubiquitous problem and has prevented the commercialization of secondary metabolite production in plant cell culture. in order to examine the effective approaches to improvement of secondary metabolite production in plant cell culture, the investigation of anthocyanins accumulation in suspension cultures of vitis vinifera, as a model system, had been initiated in our laboratory. in this present research, various elicitors and the precursor of phenylalanine were used in com ...	2006	16607960
characterization of a new, nonpathogenic mutant of botrytis cinerea with impaired plant colonization capacity.	botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that attacks more than 200 plant species. here, the nonpathogenic mutant a336, obtained via insertional mutagenesis, was characterized. mutant a336 was nonpathogenic on leaves and fruits, on intact and wounded tissue, while still able to penetrate the host plant. it grew normally in vitro on rich media but its conidiation pattern was altered. the mutant did not produce oxalic acid and exhibited a modified regulation of the production of some secreted p ...	2006	16626475
yeasts isolated from three varieties of grapes cultivated in different locations of the dolenjska vine-growing region, slovenia.	the number and diversity of yeasts on grape berry surfaces are influenced by several factors, such as grape variety, degree of grape maturity at harvest, climatological conditions, geographic location, physical damage of grapes, the intensity of pest management etc. cvicek is a typical slovene wine, which has obtained a special protection under the slovene wine law for its geographical origin. this blended red wine is produced from different grape varieties (vitis vinifera l.), mostly from red g ...	2006	16626833
isolation and characterization of rhizosphere bacteria with potential for biological control of weeds in vineyards.	deleterious rhizosphere inhabiting bacteria (drb) have potential to suppress plant growth. this project focuses on the isolation of drb with potential for development as commercial products for weed control.	2006	16629995
mycobiota and ochratoxin a producing fungi from spanish wine grapes.	grapes from three different regions with a long winemaking tradition in spain were analysed at different growth stages in order to identify the ochratoxigenic mycobiota during three consecutive seasons. the correlation between meteorological parameters and ochratoxigenic fungi was studied and revealed a significant positive correlation between black aspergilli infection and temperatures in the month preceding each sampling date. no significant correlation was found with either relative humidity ...	2006	16687184
rflp characterization of aspergillus niger aggregate species from grapes from europe and israel.	in order to characterize by molecular methods the aspergillus niger aggregate species involved in the ochratoxin a (ota) contamination of european wine grapes and table grapes from israel, a total of 173 strains were studied. the its-5.8s rdna fragments of 173 a. niger agreggate strains from grapes included in this study were amplified and their pcr amplicons were rsai digested in order to classify the strains in the rflp types, n and t. all of the strains belonging to the a. niger aggregate wer ...	2006	16690149
interactions between brettanomyces bruxellensis and other yeast species during the initial stages of winemaking.	wine is the product of complex interactions between yeasts and bacteria in grape must. amongst yeast populations, two groups can be distinguished. the first, named non-saccharomyces (ns), colonizes, with many other micro-organisms, the surface of grape berries. in the past, ns yeasts were primarily considered as spoilage micro-organisms. however, recent studies have established a positive contribution of certain ns yeasts to wine quality. amongst the group of ns yeasts, brettanomyces bruxellensi ...	2006	16696668
development of a quantitative real-time pcr assay for the detection of aspergillus carbonarius in grapes.	aspergillus carbonarius is the main species responsible for the production of ochratoxin a (ota) in wine grapes. to monitor and quantify a. carbonarious in grapes, a quantitative real-time pcr assay was developed as a possible tool for predicting the potential ochratoxigenic risk. dna extraction from grape berries was performed by using conventional extraction and clean up through ezna hi-bond spin columns. a taqman probe was used to quantify a. carbonarius genomic dna in grape berries samples. ...	2006	16697479
survival and growth of aspergillus carbonarius on wine grapes before harvest.	aspergillus carbonarius, the primary ota-producing species in australia, was inoculated onto the surface of chardonnay and shiraz bunches at pre-bunch closure, veraison and pre-harvest during the 2002-03 and 2003-04 seasons. mean a. carbonarius counts decreased between pre-bunch closure and veraison, and increased between veraison and pre-harvest. increases in a. carbonarius counts from veraison onwards were most marked in chardonnay bunches during 2003-04; such bunches comprised more berries an ...	2006	16707180
effect of lobesia botrana damages on black aspergilli rot and ochratoxin a content in grapes.	sixty-nine wine grape samples of two varieties (bombino nero and uva di troia) were collected from four vineyards in a high ochratoxin a (ota) incidence grape-growing area in apulia, southern italy, during the 2001 and 2002 crop harvests. the levels of toxin, measured in the two year harvests, ranged from 0.02 to 681 ng/g of fresh berries. in both surveys, higher levels of contamination by black aspergilli and ota were found in both intact and rotten berries originating from bunches damaged by l ...	2006	16707181
ochratoxin a occurrence and formation in portuguese wine grapes at various stages of maturation.	a total of 93 portuguese grape samples destined for wine production were examined for the presence of ochratoxin a (ota) and the ota producing fungi aspergillus carbonarius and a. niger aggregate. samples came from 11 vineyards from four winemaking regions in the north and south of the portuguese mainland, during the harvest seasons of 2001, 2002 and 2003. grapes were examined at 3 maturation stages, from setting to the harvesting period, to evaluate when contamination with ota producing fungi a ...	2006	16707182
occurrence of ochratoxin a in wine and ochratoxigenic mycoflora in grapes and dried vine fruits in south america.	grape and wine production in south america represents about 6.6% and 10% respectively of the world grape and wine production. the available information on the ochratoxigenic mycoflora and ochratoxin a (ota) presence in wine grapes, wines, grape juices and dried vine fruits is limited. surveys have been carried out in argentina and brazil which showed that aspergillus niger aggregate are predominant in the argentinean varieties while from the brazilian varieties the species a. niger, aspergillus ...	2006	16716424
light-induced expression of a myb gene regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in red apples.	anthocyanins are secondary metabolites found in higher plants that contribute to the colors of flowers and fruits. in apples (malus domestica borkh.), several steps of the anthocyanin pathway are coordinately regulated, suggesting control by common transcription factors. a gene encoding an r2r3 myb transcription factor was isolated from apple (cv cripps' pink) and designated mdmyb1. analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence suggests that this gene encodes an ortholog of anthocyanin regulators ...	2006	17012405
a shift of phloem unloading from symplasmic to apoplasmic pathway is involved in developmental onset of ripening in grape berry.	it remains unclear whether the phloem unloading pathway alters to adapt to developmental transition in fleshy fruits that accumulate high level of soluble sugars. using a combination of electron microscopy, transport of the phloem-mobile symplasmic tracer carboxyfluorescein, movement of the companion cell-expressed and the green fluorescent protein-tagged viral movement protein, and assays of the sucrose cleavage enzymes, the pathway of phloem unloading was studied in the berries of a hybrid gra ...	2006	16861573
grapes on steroids. brassinosteroids are involved in grape berry ripening.	fruit ripening is a unique plant developmental process with direct implications for our food supply, nutrition, and health. in contrast to climacteric fruit, where ethylene is pivotal, the hormonal control of ripening in nonclimacteric fruit, such as grape (vitis vinifera), is poorly understood. brassinosteroids (brs) are steroidal hormones, essential for normal plant growth and development but not previously implicated in the ripening of nonclimacteric fruit. here we show that increases in endo ...	2006	16361521
the structure of xylem vessels in grapevine (vitaceae) and a possible passive mechanism for the systemic spread of bacterial disease.	xylem-dwelling pathogens become systemic, suggesting that microorganisms move efficiently in the xylem. to better understand xylem pathways and how bacteria move within the xylem, vessel connectivity between stems and leaves of vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay and muscadinia rotundifolia cv. cowart was studied. three methods were used: (1) the light-producing bacterium, yersinia enterocolitica, (ye) strain gy5232 was loaded into petioles and followed using x-ray film, (2) fluorescent beads were loa ...	2006	21646209
comparative analysis of plant finds from early roman graves in ilok (cuccium) and sćitarjevo (andautonia), croatia--a contribution to understanding burial rites in southern pannonia.	a comparative archaeobotanical analysis of the plant remains from the early roman incineration graves in ilok and sćitarjevo shows the existence of a complex burial ritual, but at the same time enables a better understanding of the agriculture and trade of the 1st/early 2nd century ad in southern pannonia. most of the cereals found (hordeum vulgare, panicum miliaceum, triticum monococcum, t. dicoccon, t. aestivum i t. cf. spelta), the legumes (lens culinaris, vicia ervilia) and the fruit contrib ...	2006	16848163
use of aloe vera gel coating preserves the functional properties of table grapes.	table grapes (vitis vinifera l. cv. crimson seedless) were coated with aloe vera gel according to our developed patent (sp patent p200302937) and then stored for 35 days at 1 degrees c, and the subsequent shelf life (sl) was monitored at 20 degrees c. uncoated clusters showed a rapid loss of functional compounds, such as total phenolics and ascorbic acid. these changes were accompanied by reduction of the total antioxidant activity (taa) and increases in total anthocyanins, showing an accelerate ...	2006	16719510
consequences of transferring three sorghum genes for secondary metabolite (cyanogenic glucoside) biosynthesis to grapevine hairy roots.	a multigenic trait (biosynthesis of the secondary metabolite, dhurrin cyanogenic glucoside) was engineered de novo in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). this follows a recent report of transfer of the same trait to arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) using three genetic sequences from sorghum (sorghum bicolor): two cytochrome p450-encoding cdnas (cyp79a1 and cyp71e1) and a udpg-glucosyltransferase-encoding cdna (sbhmngt). here we describe the two-step process involving whole plant transformation foll ...	2006	16604459
editing of the grapevine mitochondrial cytochrome b mrna and molecular modeling of the protein.	cytochrome b (cob), the central catalytic subunit of ubiquinol cytochrome c reductase, is a component of the transmembrane electron transfer chain that generates proton motive force. some plant cob mrnas are processed by rna editing, which changes the gene coding sequence. this report presents the sequences of the grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) mitochondrial gene for apocytochrome b (cob), the edited mrna and the deduced protein. grapevine cob is 393 amino acids long and is 98% identical to homol ...	2006	16310923
three grape cbf/dreb1 genes respond to low temperature, drought and abscisic acid.	the c-repeat (crt)-binding factor/dehydration-responsive element (dre) binding protein 1 (cbf/ dreb1) transcription factors control an important pathway for increased freezing and drought tolerance in plants. three cbf/dreb1-like genes, cbf 1-3, were isolated from both freezing-tolerant wild grape (vitis riparia) and freezing-sensitive cultivated grape (vitis vinifera). the deduced proteins in v. riparia are 63-70% identical to each other and 96-98% identical to the corresponding proteins in v. ...	2006	17080962
stress- and development-induced expression of spliced and unspliced transcripts from two highly similar dehydrin 1 genes in v. riparia and v. vinifera.	dehydrins are proteins that accumulate in vegetative tissues subjected to various dehydrating stress conditions such as cold, drought, and salinity and in seeds at later stages of embryogenesis. here, we report on two highly identical dehydrin genes, dhn1a and dhn1b, in wild and cultivated grapes, vitis riparia and vitis vinifera, and their expression in different tissues and under different environmental conditions. the two genes and their transcripts can easily be distinguished by rt-pcr becau ...	2006	16552595
abscisic acid stimulates a calcium-dependent protein kinase in grape berry.	it has been demonstrated that calcium plays a central role in mediating abscisic acid (aba) signaling, but many of the ca2+-binding sensory proteins as the components of the aba-signaling pathway remain to be elucidated. here we identified, characterized, and purified a 58-kd aba-stimulated calcium-dependent protein kinase from the mesocarp of grape berries (vitis vinifera x vitis labrusca), designated acpk1 (for aba-stimulated calcium-dependent protein kinase1). aba stimulates acpk1 in a dose-d ...	2006	16407437
application of sample disruption methods in the extraction of anthocyanins from solid or semi-solid vegetable samples.	cassis, a commercial powder obtained from blackcurrant juice (ribes nigrum l.), was used to optimize the anthocyanin extraction by matrix solid-phase dispersion (mspd) and by sea sand disruption method (ssdm). the optimum eluent conditions were 5.0 ml of meoh/h2o (1:1, v/v) at ph 2. the extracts were analyzed by hplc with diode-array detection (dad) and the extraction efficiency was evaluated by statistical comparison (analysis of variance, anova-single factor) of the compounds peak areas. the e ...	2006	16893546
cdna microarray analysis of developing grape (vitis vinifera cv. shiraz) berry skin.	microarray analysis of vitis vinifera cv. shiraz developing berries has revealed the expression patterns of several categories of genes. microarray slides were constructed from 4,608 pcr-amplified cdna clones derived from a ripening grape berry cdna library. the mrna expression levels of the genes represented by these cdnas were measured in flowers, week 2 post-flowering whole berries, week 5, week 8, week 10 (véraison, green berries), week 12 and week 13 berry skin. in addition, a comparison of ...	2005	15480888
genomic analysis of grapevine retrotransposon 1 (gret 1) in vitis vinifera.	the complete sequence of the first retrotransposon isolated in vitis vinifera, gret 1, was used to design primers that permitted its analysis in the genome of grapevine cultivars. this retroelement was found to be dispersed throughout the genome with sites of repeated insertions. fluorescent in situ hybridization indicated multiple gret 1 loci distributed throughout euchromatic portions of chromosomes. remap and irap proved to be useful as molecular markers in grapevine. both of these techniques ...	2005	16025304
influence of vine vigor on grape (vitis vinifera l. cv. pinot noir) and wine proanthocyanidins.	the relationships between variations in grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv. pinot noir) growth and resulting fruit and wine phenolic composition were investigated. the study was conducted in a commercial vineyard consisting of the same clone, rootstock, age, and vineyard management practices. the experimental design involved monitoring soil, vine growth, yield components, and fruit composition (soluble solids, flavan-3-ol monomers, proanthocyanidins, and pigmented polymers) on a georeferenced grid ...	2005	15998151
qtl analysis for fruit yield components in table grapes (vitis vinifera).	a segregation population of 184 genotypes derived from a pseudo-testcross of table grapes (vitis vinifera), together with 203 aflp and 110 ssr markers was used to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) for fruit yield components. diffferent qtls, a low percentage of phenotypic variance explained by the qtls detected and qtl instability over years were detected for each fruit yield component. these results confirm the complex genetic architecture of the yield components in grapevine due to the per ...	2005	15995866
carotenoid, chlorophyll, and chlorophyll-derived compounds in grapes and port wines.	carotenoids and chlorophyll-derived compounds in grapes and port wines were investigated by hplc-dad and hplc-dad-ms (esp+) analysis. a total of 13 carotenoid and chlorophyll-derived compounds are formally reported in grapes, 3 are identified for the first time, pheophytins a and b and (13z)-beta-carotene, and 3 others remain unknown. in port wines 19 compounds with carotenoid or chlorophyll-like structures are present, 8 still unidentified. the young wines showed higher total carotenoid content ...	2005	16366691
supercritical fluid extraction and hplc determination of relevant polyphenolic compounds in grape skin.	the polyphenols determined are: (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, rutin, quercetin and trans-resveratrol. suitable conditions of supercritical fluid extraction were established using ethanol as a modifier of the polarity solvent (supercritical carbon dioxide). final extraction conditions were: 20% v/v ethanol, 60degreesc, 250 bars and flow rate 2 ml/min. static step time and dynamic step time were established using a selected grape skin sample. the extract was collected in water; the more polar pol ...	2005	16318198
characterizing the grape transcriptome. analysis of expressed sequence tags from multiple vitis species and development of a compendium of gene expression during berry development.	we report the analysis and annotation of 146,075 expressed sequence tags from vitis species. the majority of these sequences were derived from different cultivars of vitis vinifera, comprising an estimated 25,746 unique contig and singleton sequences that survey transcription in various tissues and developmental stages and during biotic and abiotic stress. putatively homologous proteins were identified for over 17,752 of the transcripts, with 1,962 transcripts further subdivided into one or more ...	2005	16219919
proteomic analysis of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) tissues subjected to herbicide stress.	two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry analysis was used to examine for the first time the effect of a herbicide (flumioxazin) on a crop species (vitis vinifera l.) at the proteome level. examination of 2-d maps derived from chemically stressed tissues revealed the presence of 33 spots displaying a differential expression pattern. the presence of stress responsive proteins in the different plant organs analysed suggests that flumioxazin could act systemically. among the ...	2005	16216849
functional xylem in the post-veraison grape berry.	a number of studies have shown a transition from a primarily xylem to a primarily phloem flow of water as fleshy fruits develop, and the current hypothesis to explain this transition, particularly in grape (vitis vinifera l.) berries, is that the vascular tissue (tracheids) become non-functional as a result of post-veraison berry growth. in most studies, pedicels have been dipped in a vial containing an apoplastic dye, which was taken up into the entire peripheral and axial xylem vasculature of ...	2005	16207748
new stilbenoid glucosides isolated from vitis vinifera cell suspension cultures (cv. cabernet sauvignon).	three new monomeric stilbenoid glucosides, (z)- and (e)-resveratrol 3,5- o-beta-diglucosides (1 and 2, respectively) and (z)-resveratrol 3,5,4'- o-beta-triglucoside (3), were isolated from an extract of vitis vinifera cell cultures (cabernet sauvignon) together with the known (e)- and (z)-piceids and (e)- and (z)-resveratrol 3,4'- o-beta-diglucosides that have already been identified in a gamay cell culture extract. the structure determinations were based on spectroscopic data analysis.	2005	16206048
genetic chimerism of vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay 96 is maintained through organogenesis but not somatic embryogenesis.	grapevine can be a periclinal chimera plant which is composed at least of two distinct cell layers (l1, l2). when the cell layers of this plant are separated by passage through somatic embryogenesis, regenerated plants could show distinct dna profiles and a novel phenotype which proved different from that of the parent plant.	2005	16194273
proanthocyanidin synthesis and expression of genes encoding leucoanthocyanidin reductase and anthocyanidin reductase in developing grape berries and grapevine leaves.	proanthocyanidins (pas), also called condensed tannins, can protect plants against herbivores and are important quality components of many fruits. two enzymes, leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar) and anthocyanidin reductase (anr), can produce the flavan-3-ol monomers required for formation of pa polymers. we isolated and functionally characterized genes encoding both enzymes from grapevine (vitis vinifera l. cv shiraz). anr was encoded by a single gene, but we found two highly related genes encod ...	2005	16169968
screening for anthocyanins using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with precursor-ion analysis, product-ion analysis, common-neutral-loss analysis, and selected reaction monitoring.	a systematic method for anthocyanin identification using tandems mass spectrometry (ms/ms) coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with photo-diode array detection (pda) was developed. scan for the precursor ions of commonly found anthocyanidins (cyanidin, delphinidin, malvidin, pelargonidin, petunidin, and peonidin) using lc/ms/ms on a triple quadrupole instrument allows for the specific determination of each category of anthocyanins. further characterization of each anthocyani ...	2005	16395794
monitoring the stability of rubisco in micropropagated grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) by two-dimensional electrophoresis.	plants cultured in vitro suffer from several physiological and biochemical impairments due to the artificial conditions of growth, namely the composition of the heterotrophic media. upon transfer to ex vitro, the higher irradiances, compared to in vitro, can lead to oxidative stress symptoms, which can be counteracted by co2 concentrations above atmospheric levels. here we analyse the stability of rubisco in in vitro grapevine plantlets, and after transfer to ex vitro under four acclimatization ...	2005	15900878
influence of ethanol concentration on the extraction of color and phenolic compounds from the skin and seeds of tempranillo grapes at different stages of ripening.	the aim of this paper is to study how grape ripeness and ethanol concentration affect the extraction of color and phenolic compounds from skins and seeds during the maceration/fermentation process. simulated maceration assays were carried out with the grapes at three stages of berry development (vitis vinifera cv. tempranillo) and different percentages of ethanol in the maceration media. both ripeness and ethanol content have a considerable effect on the extraction of color and phenolic compound ...	2005	15884833
jasmonates and na-orthovanadate promote resveratrol production in vitis vinifera cv. barbera cell cultures.	here the effect of jasmonic acid, methyljasmonate and na-orthovanadate on the production of resveratrol was studied in vitis vinifera cv. barbera cell suspension cultures. na-orthovanadate at 0.1 mm and 1 mm concentration was efficient in promoting the production and/or accumulation and release in the culture medium of cis-resveratrol while trans-resveratrol levels were not affected by this treatment. methyljasmonate was highly effective in stimulating both trans- and cis-resveratrol endogenous ...	2005	15869650
comparative analysis of expressed sequence tags from different organs of vitis vinifera l.	expressed sequence tags (ests) are providing a valuable approach to sampling organism-expressed genomes, especially when studying large genomes such as those of many plants. we report on the comparison of 8,647 ests generated from six different grape (vitis vinifera l.) organs: berry, root, leaf, bud, shoot and inflorescence. clustering and assembly of these ests resulted in 4,203 unique sequences and revealed that at this level of est sampling, each organ shares a low percentage of transcripts ...	2005	15856347
antennal and behavioral responses of grapevine moth lobesia botrana females to volatiles from grapevine.	grapevine moth lobesia botrana is the economically most important insect of grapevine vitis vinifera in europe. flower buds, flowers, and green berries of chardonnay grapevine are known to attract l. botrana for oviposition. the volatile compounds collected from these phenological stages were studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the antennal response of l. botrana females to these headspace collections was recorded by gas chromatography-electroantennography. the compounds found i ...	2005	15839481
construction and characterization of bac libraries from major grapevine cultivars.	genome projects were initiated on grapevine (vitis vinifera l., 2n=38, genome size 475 mb) through the successful construction of four bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries from three major cultivars, cabernet sauvignon (cabernet s), syrah and two different clones of pinot noir (pinot n). depending on the library, the genome coverage represented 4.5-14.8 genome equivalents with clones having a mean insert size of 93-158 kb. bac pools suitable for pcr screening were constructed for two ...	2005	15834699
induction of de novo volatile terpene biosynthesis via cytosolic and plastidial pathways by methyl jasmonate in foliage of vitis vinifera l.	the terpene biosynthesis in leaves of vitis vinifera l. cv. morio muskat was studied using methyl jasmonate to induce defensive responses in vivo. the experiments demonstrated the strong activation of the de novo biosynthesis of terpenoids via the octadecanoid-signaling cascade and release of the compounds to the gas phase. feeding experiments with [5,5-(2)h(2)]-1-deoxy-d-xylulose and [5,5-(2)h(2)]mevalonic acid lactone allowed the investigation of the dynamic allocation of resources via the mev ...	2005	15796607
highly chemoselective reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to the corresponding hydroxylamines catalysed by plant cells from a grape (vitis vinifera l.).	cells from a grape (vitis vinifera l.) reduce aromatic nitro compounds under mild conditions to the corresponding hydroxylamines with unprecedented chemoselectivity.	2005	15795781