Publications

survival of trichinella papuae muscle larvae in a pig carcass maintained under simulated natural conditions in papua new guinea.	in papua new guinea, trichinella papuae, a non-encapsulated species, is circulating among wild and domestic pigs and saltwater crocodiles. since an important phase of the life cycle of nematodes of the genus trichinella is the time of survival of infective larvae in decaying muscle tissues of the hosts, the carcass of a pig, experimentally infected with larvae of t. papuae, was exposed to the environmental conditions of papua new guinea to establish how long these larvae would survive and remain ...	2007	18005466
population phylogenomic analysis of mitochondrial dna in wild boars and domestic pigs revealed multiple domestication events in east asia.	previously reported evidence indicates that pigs were independently domesticated in multiple places throughout the world. however, a detailed picture of the origin and dispersal of domestic pigs in east asia has not yet been reported.	2007	18021448
[transmission of agents of the porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) between swine herds: a review. part 2--pathogen transmission via semen, air and living/nonliving vectors].	the transmission of prdc-pathogens (prrsv, influenza virus a, pcv2, m. hyopneumoniae, a. pleuropneumoniae) between swine herds, which was summarized in the first part of the review, mainly occurs via pig movement. the risk of pathogen transmission by insemination with contaminated semen plays only a relevant role in the infection with prrsv and pcv2. a risk of the aerogen transmission of pathogens between herds within a distance of 2 to 3 km is described for m. hyopneumoniae and prrsv. evidence ...	2007	17970334
composition of intestinal enterobacteriaceae populations of healthy domestic pigs.	in this study, the enterobacteriaceae microbiota, including their diversity as well as the distribution of haemolytic and virulence gene-harbouring escherichia coli of 56-day-old healthy piglets, was characterized. both the composition and the diversity of enterobacteriaceae populations varied considerably between individual pigs and intestinal sections. e. coli, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii and klebsiella pneumoniae dominated the enterobacteriaceae microbiota. however, mucosa-asso ...	2007	17975092
fibrinolytic treatment improves the quality of lungs retrieved from non-heart-beating donors.	the use of non-heart-beating donors (nhbds) is an alternative strategy to increase the limited number of donors. the ex vivo evaluation has been proposed to assess the function of the lungs from nhbds as an interim evaluation of the graft before transplantation. we evaluated the effect of a fibrinolytic agent, urokinase, in a pig ex vivo evaluation model.	2007	17919627
angiographic, ultrasonographic, and macroscopic assessment of aortic growth after vcs clips, interrupted polypropylene, or running polyglycolic acid anastomosis.	lack of growth after surgery is still an unsolved issue in growing vessels. aortic surgery is an integral part of vascular pediatric surgery. as an alternative to address this lack of growth in this scenario, we propose the use of titanium clips for vascular anastomosis.	2007	17923198
inhibition of pseudointimal hyperplasia in swine tips models: the efficacy of local delivery of paclitaxel using a perforated balloon catheter.	the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and feasibility of local delivery of paclitaxel to inhibit pseudointimal hyperplasia/intimal hyperplasia in swine transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tips) models tips were created in seven healthy domestic swine (15-20 kg). before tips stent insertion, we performed a short-term infusion of paclitaxel (treatment group: n = 4) and saline (control group: n = 3) into the tips tract using a balloon catheter in which two 0.010 inch hole ...	2007	17928498
immunity against ns3 protein of classical swine fever virus does not protect against lethal challenge infection.	classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease of swine caused by classical swine fever virus, an oie list a pathogen. in the european union the virus has been eradicated from the domestic pig population and prophylactic immunization has been banned. nevertheless, intervention immunizations using marker vaccines are one possibility to deal with reintroduced csfv. at present, baculovirus-expressed e2 protein is used as such a marker vaccine. however, this vaccine cannot fully protect agains ...	2007	17931119
compound subretinal prostheses with extra-ocular parts designed for human trials: successful long-term implantation in pigs.	subretinal implants aim to replace photoreceptor function in patients suffering from degenerative retinal disease like retinitis pigmentosa by topically applying electrical stimuli in the subretinal space. this study-as a last step before upcoming human trials-explored a newly developed surgical technique for permanent implantation of complex subretinal implants with extra-ocular parts.	2007	16645861
genetic involvement in skin wound healing and scarring in domestic pigs: assessment of molecular expression patterns in (yorkshire x red duroc) x yorkshire backcross animals.	yorkshire, red duroc, and f1 (first-generation cross) pigs heal with normal, fibroproliferative/hypercontractile, and intermediate levels of scarring, respectively. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the healing phenotype of yorkshire x f1 backcross animals, to address the molecular basis for genetic transmission of the red duroc scarring phenotype. macroscopically and histologically, full-thickness wounds on backcross animals followed the yorkshire phenotype, with one exception; the back ...	2007	16858423
identify the injury implements by sem/edx and icp-aes.	the forensic investigator is frequently confronted with the discrimination and deduction of injury implements, which is one of the most important physical testimonies in courts. the usual method used in actual cases is from points of morphology. in the forensic discrimination of injury implements, such as metal implements, the analysis and comparison of elements are expected to provide excellent results, and simultaneous multi-elemental analysis is required to analyze various kinds of elements. ...	2007	16621384
increased spatial vasa vasorum density in the proximal lad in hypercholesterolemia--implications for vulnerable plaque-development.	vasa vasorum (vv) neovascularization is associated with advanced and ruptured atherosclerotic lesions that occur predominantly within the proximal third of the lad. to investigate further the possible role of vv spatial distribution in determining this predominantly proximal location of complex lesions we analyzed the changes in vv spatial densities along the lad in early atherosclerosis.	2007	16919638
marker vaccine strategies and candidate csfv marker vaccines.	classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important highly contagious disease of swine worldwide. classical swine fever virus (csfv) is its etiological agent, and the only natural hosts are domestic pigs and wild boars. although field csfv strains vary in the virulence, they all result in serious losses in pig industry. highly virulent field strains generally cause acute disease and high mortality; moderately virulent field strains raise subacute or chronic infections; postnatal infection b ...	2007	16934915
molecular identification of trichuris vulpis and trichuris suis isolated from different hosts.	trichuris suis was isolated from the cecum of two different hosts (sus scrofa domestica -- swine and sus scrofa scrofa -- wild boar) and trichuris vulpis from dogs in sevilla, spain. genomic dna was isolated and internal transcribed spacers (its)1-5.8s-its2 segment from the ribosomal dna (rdna) was amplified and sequenced using polymerase chain reaction techniques. the sequence of t. suis from both hosts was 1,396 bp in length while that of t. vulpis was 1,044 bp. its1 of both populations isolat ...	2007	17004099
molecular epidemiology of trichinella spp. in three baltic countries: lithuania, latvia, and estonia.	meat of domestic pigs and wild boars has been the significant source of emerged human trichinellosis in lithuania, latvia, and estonia over the past two decades. however, there is very little known on the occurrence of trichinella spp. in main wildlife reservoirs and its transmission in domestic and sylvatic cycles in these countries. the present study demonstrated considerably higher endemicity of trichinella spp. in main sylvatic reservoirs (28.9-42% in foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs ( ...	2007	17013647
nutrient losses from manure and fertilizer applications as impacted by time to first runoff event.	nutrient losses to surface waters following fertilization contribute to eutrophication. this study was conducted to compare the impacts of fertilization with inorganic fertilizer, swine (sus scrofa domesticus) manure or poultry (gallus domesticus) litter on runoff water quality, and how the duration between application and the first runoff event affects resulting water quality. fertilizers were applied at 35 kg p ha-1, and the duration between application and the first runoff event varied betwee ...	2007	17029684
prevalence of streptococcus suis genotypes in wild boars of northwestern germany.	invasive serotype 2 (cps2+) strains of streptococcus suis cause meningitis in pigs and humans. four case reports of s. suis meningitis in hunters suggest transmission of s. suis through the butchering of wild boars. therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of potentially human-pathogenic s. suis strains in wild boars. s. suis was isolated from 92% of all tested tonsils (n=200) from wild boars. a total of 244 s. suis isolates were genotyped using pcr assays for the ...	2007	17085699
a one-step, gel-based rt-pcr assay with comparable performance to real-time rt-pcr for detection of classical swine fever virus.	classical swine fever, a notifiable disease to the office international des epizooties (oie), is a highly contagious viral disease affecting both domestic pigs and wild boars. rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of the causing agent classical swine fever virus (csfv) is therefore essential for diagnosis and control of the disease. most protocols for gel-based pcr consist of two steps, reverse transcription followed by pcr. such a protocol is time consuming, laborious and more prone to conta ...	2007	17123637
evaluation of baculovirus-derived recombinant 53-kda protein of trichinella spiralis for detection of trichinella-specific antibodies in domestic pigs by elisa.	the complete gene encoding the 53-kda protein derived from trichinella spiralis was cloned and expressed using a baculovirus-based system. characterization of a purified fusion protein consisting of the 53-kda protein and the glutathione s-transferase protein showed unspecific reactivity with swine pre-immune serum in both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot analysis. subsequently, a purified c-terminal 6xhis-tagged 53-kda protein was used in an elisa. the evaluation of th ...	2007	17016726
chinese white rongchang pig does not have the dominant white allele of kit but has the dominant black allele of mc1r.	the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (kit) and melanocortin receptor 1 (mc1r) mutations are responsible for coat color phenotypes in domestic pigs. rongchang is a chinese indigenous pig breed with a white coat color phenotype. to investigate the genetic variability of the kit and mc1r genes and their possible association with the coat color phenotype in this breed, a gene duplication and splice mutation of kit were diagnosed in a sample of 93 unrelated rongchang animals. the results show th ...	2007	17150979
porcine circovirus type 2 antibody detection in backyard pigs from mexico city.	pcv2 antibodies have been found in pigs from all continents. however, this finding has been mainly studied in domestic swine reared under intensive production conditions. mexico city, with a human population over 19 million in 2005, has both urban and rural areas. the pig production in its rural area is based on small family backyard farms. taking into account this rather unique form of rearing pigs, the objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence in backyard pigs from the rural ...	2007	17157886
laparoscopic ice slurry coolant for renal hypothermia.	we assessed the safety and efficacy of microparticulate ice slurry for laparoscopic hypothermia during renal ischemia in a single kidney porcine model.	2007	17162095
patent foramen ovale: standards for a preclinical model of prevalence, structure, and histopathologic comparability to human hearts.	this study evaluated and standardized a patent foramen ovale (pfo) preclinical model in gross anatomic and histopathologic features.	2007	17173313
genetic characterisation of african swine fever viruses from outbreaks in southern africa (1973-1999).	african swine fever (asf) is a highly lethal and economically significant disease of domestic pigs in the southern african sub-region, where outbreaks regularly occur. there is anecdotal evidence suggesting that trans-boundary movement of infected animals may have played a role in precipitating widespread outbreaks in the past, however, since the 1970s outbreaks have generally been more localised, particularly in those countries where control of animal movement is strictly regulated. the origin ...	2007	17174485
enteric caliciviruses in domestic pigs in hungary.	caliciviruses closely related to human norovirus and sapovirus were recently detected in domestic pigs, causing discussions about the animal reservoir and the potential for zoonotic transmission to humans. to detect porcine caliciviruses, 17 fecal samples collected on two swine farms in southwestern hungary were tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. three (17.6%) samples were positive for caliciviruses. this study confirms the presence of caliciviruses, both porcine sapoviru ...	2007	17180626
a history of normal plates, tables and stages in vertebrate embryology.	developmental biology is today unimaginable without the normal stages that define standard divisions of development. this history of normal stages, and the related normal plates and normal tables, shows how these standards have shaped and been shaped by disciplinary change in vertebrate embryology. the article highlights the normal plates of the development of the vertebrates edited by the german anatomist franz keibel (16 volumes, 1897-1938). these were a major response to problems in the relat ...	2007	17183461
subretinal posterior pole injury induces selective proliferation of rpe cells in the periphery in in vivo studies in pigs.	to study topographical differences in porcine retinal pigment epithelial (rpe) cell proliferation (1) in vivo, after experimental central surgical subretinal injury, and (2) in vitro.	2007	17197554
acetylcholine injection into the amygdala elicits vocalization in domestic pigs (sus scrofa).	in a pilot study we have injected the amygdala of five female pigs (age 8 weeks) with acetylcholine (ach, 5.5mum/20mul) and recorded short latency utterances. the evoked vocalizations displayed the characteristics of natural screams in sonagram appearance and hearing impression. quantitative analyses, too, revealed the similarity of the ach-evoked vocalizations with natural screaming. the results demonstrate for the first time that aversive vocalizations can be triggered by cholinergic amygdala ...	2007	17215052
progenitor cells from the porcine neural retina express photoreceptor markers after transplantation to the subretinal space of allorecipients.	work in rodents has shown that cultured retinal progenitor cells (rpcs) integrate into the degenerating retina, thus suggesting a potential strategy for treatment of similar degenerative conditions in humans. to demonstrate the relevance of the rodent work to large animals, we derived progenitor cells from the neural retina of the domestic pig and transplanted them to the laser-injured retina of allorecipients. prior to grafting, immunocytochemical analysis showed that cultured porcine rpcs wide ...	2007	17218397
differential anti-influenza activity among allelic variants at the sus scrofa mx1 locus.	a promising way to oppose infectious challenges would be to improve the resistance of the target species through genetic selection. theoretically, a candidate gene is available against influenza viruses since a resistance trait was fortuitously discovered in the a2g mouse strain. this trait was demonstrated to be correlated with the expression of a specific isoform of the type i interferon (ifn)-dependent protein mx, an isoform coded by a specific allele at the mouse mx1 locus. two allelic polym ...	2007	17316142
bloodless laparoscopic liver resection using radiofrequency thermal energy in the porcine model.	the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic hepatectomy using radiofrequency (rf) thermal energy in a porcine model. fifteen female domestic pigs weighing 29.3 kg (range 25 to 35 kg) were used. five transversal abdominal incisions (3 of 1 cm and 2 of 0.5 cm) were made for the introduction of the video camera and the other laparoscopic instruments. with the porta hepatis not clamped, the liver was inspected and the preferred lobe each time was divided using rf ( ...	2007	17318049
sero-survey on aino, akabane, chuzan, bovine ephemeral fever and japanese encephalitis virus of cattle and swine in korea.	vector-borne arboviruses produce mild to severe symptoms in domestic animals. bovine ephemeral fever (bef), akabane, aino, and chuzan virus have been primarily attributed to reproductive disorders or febrile diseases in cattle, and japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is mainly associated with reproductive failures in swine. we investigated antibody titers from domestic swine against four bovine arboviruses (bef, akabane, aino, and chuzan virus) and from cattle against jev in korea. while the posit ...	2007	17322773
anesthesia for cardiovascular interventions and magnetic resonance imaging in pigs.	large animal models are still required for many experimental purposes. the aim of the current study was to define a viable narcotic procedure for experimental cardiovascular interventions and imaging in pigs. a total of 32 domestic pigs were used. animals received propofol, midazolam, and fentanyl as continuous intravenous infusion anesthesia for complex vascular interventions, angiographic x-ray imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (mri). anesthesia was maintained for 6 to 10 h. the initial ...	2007	17343350
phylogeny and ancient dna of sus provides insights into neolithic expansion in island southeast asia and oceania.	human settlement of oceania marked the culmination of a global colonization process that began when humans first left africa at least 90,000 years ago. the precise origins and dispersal routes of the austronesian peoples and the associated lapita culture remain contentious, and numerous disparate models of dispersal (based primarily on linguistic, genetic, and archeological data) have been proposed. here, through the use of mtdna from 781 modern and ancient sus specimens, we provide evidence for ...	2007	17360400
genetic variability and evolution of hepatitis e virus.	hepatitis e virus (hev) is the sole member of the genus hepevirus in the family hepeviridae. hev is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route, and water-borne epidemics are characteristic of hepatitis e in many developing countries in asia, africa and latin america where sanitation conditions are suboptimal. accumulating lines of evidence indicate that hev-associated hepatitis also occurs domestically among individuals in industrialized countries, that there are animal reservoirs of hev such ...	2007	17363102
optical coherence tomography: a noninvasive method to assess wound reepithelialization.	accurate assessment of wound healing may require invasive tissue biopsies, limiting its clinical usefulness in humans. optical coherence tomography (oct) is a novel, high-resolution method using light reflection to obtain noninvasive cross sectional imaging of biological tissues.	2007	17363766
skin decontamination of mustards and organophosphates: comparative efficiency of rsdl and fuller's earth in domestic swine.	research in skin decontamination and therapy of chemical warfare agents has been a difficult problem due to the simultaneous requirement of rapid action and non-aggressive behaviour. the aim of this study was to compare the performance of two decontaminating systems: the canadian reactive skin decontaminant lotion (rsdl) and the fuller's earth (fe). the experiment was conducted with domestic swine, as a good model for extrapolation to human skin. rsdl and fe were tested against sulphur mustard ( ...	2007	17370872
microbubbles in the pulmonary artery generated during experimental hepatic radiofrequency ablation is correlated with increased pulmonary arterial pressure.	microbubbles in hepatic veins during hepatic radiofrequency (rf) ablation is a well-known observation. in this experimental study, we examined the association between microbubbles in the pulmonary artery and alterations in mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mpap) during hepatic rf ablation with a perfusion electrode system.	2007	17377191
assessment of the lapraty clip for facilitating reconstructive laparoscopic surgery in a porcine model.	to assess the efficacy, reliability, and performance of the lapraty clip (ltc) as a substitute for knot tying during reconstructive surgery in a porcine model.	2007	17382183
assessment of cu-ets as a pet radiopharmaceutical for evaluation of regional renal perfusion.	the copper(ii) complex of ethylglyoxal bis(thiosemicarbazone) (cu-ets) was evaluated as a positron emission tomography (pet) radiopharmaceutical for assessment of regional renal perfusion.	2007	17383574
advances in swine biomedical model genomics.	this review is a short update on the diversity of swine biomedical models and the importance of genomics in their continued development. the swine has been used as a major mammalian model for human studies because of the similarity in size and physiology, and in organ development and disease progression. the pig model allows for deliberately timed studies, imaging of internal vessels and organs using standard human technologies, and collection of repeated peripheral samples and, at kill, detaile ...	2007	17384736
cardiac effects of endothelin receptor antagonism in endotoxemic pigs.	myocardial depression in sepsis is frequently encountered clinically and contributes to morbidity and mortality. increased plasma levels of endothelin-1 (et-1) have been described in septic shock, and previous reports have shown beneficial effects on cardiovascular performance and survival in septic models using et receptor antagonists. the aim of the current study was to investigate specific cardiac effects of et receptor antagonism in endotoxicosis. sixteen domestic pigs were anesthetized and ...	2007	17400719
preweaning housing effects on behavior and physiological measures in pigs during the suckling and fattening periods.	the effect of the preweaning housing system on the stress response of pigs before weaning and during fattening was studied in 33 litters of domestic pigs. three preweaning housing systems were compared: barren crate (standard farrowing crate without straw), enriched crate (20% larger crate, with straw), and as a control, a farrowing pen (pen, 60% larger than the barren crate, with straw). at 25 d of age, pigs were tested with an isolation test and 1 d later with a human approach test (humant). p ...	2007	17400972
high prevalence of unusual genotypes of toxoplasma gondii infection in pork meat samples from erechim, southern brazil.	toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of infectious uveitis in brazil, with a higher frequency in the south of the country. we have collected samples from porcine tongue and diaphragm obtained in both large and small abattoirs and used molecular biological technique to determine the prevalence of infection and rflp analysis to type the parasites. seventeen out of 50 (34%) samples from the diaphragm and 33 out of 50 (66%) samples from the tongue demonstrated a positive pcr reaction for t. gondii ...	2007	17401480
is all ventricular fibrillation the same? a comparison of ischemically induced with electrically induced ventricular fibrillation in a porcine cardiac arrest and resuscitation model.	the standard porcine cardiac arrest model uses electrical induction of ventricular fibrillation. reported restoration of spontaneous circulation and survival rates in this model are as high as 90% for ventricular fibrillation durations of 7-10 mins, values substantially greater than rates in the clinical population (i.e., 20% to 30%). a high first shock success rate, infrequent refibrillation, and short times for restoration of spontaneous circulation are typical of the model. the purpose of thi ...	2007	17414084
fine mapping of a swine quantitative trait locus for number of vertebrae and analysis of an orphan nuclear receptor, germ cell nuclear factor (nr6a1).	the number of vertebrae in pigs varies and is associated with meat productivity. wild boars, which are ancestors of domestic pigs, have 19 vertebrae. in comparison, european commercial breeds have 21-23 vertebrae, probably owing to selective breeding for enlargement of body size. we previously identified two quantitative trait loci (qtl) for the number of vertebrae on sus scrofa chromosomes (ssc) 1 and 7. these qtl explained an increase of more than two vertebrae. here, we performed a map-based ...	2007	17416745
the epidemiology of animal trichinellosis in china.	the epidemiology of animal trichinellosis in china based mainly upon original chinese literature published between 1937 and 2004 is reviewed. the seroprevalence of trichinella infection in herbivores was 0.7% (2/300) in cattle and 0.8% (4/500) in sheep. the prevalence of trichinellosis in naturally infected cattle was 1.2% (2/163). trichinella larvae were detected in 1.4% (3/215) of sheep and in 2.1% (1/47) of beef cattle sold at markets. canine trichinellosis was recorded in 13 provinces, auton ...	2007	16162414
dental and skeletal characterization of the br-1 minipig.	this study was designed to characterize the development of oral structures in the br-1 minipig and to compare these data with literature reports on domestic swine and other minipig lineages. twelve male minipigs were anesthetized and given physical and radiographic examinations. the presence and chronology of tooth eruption from 3 to 15 months of age were assessed, and the radiographic results were interpreted by two certified researchers, who obtained a high index of agreement (kappa>0.81). the ...	2007	16376127
vascular closure stapler clip anastomosis decreases aortic cross-clamping time compared to interrupted nonabsorbable and running absorbable sutures in growing pigs.	the latest generation in titanium clip application systems, the vascular closure staples (vcs) system avoids intimal lesions and therefore minimizes the subsequent hyperplastic reaction, while at the same time enhancing distensibility and vascular growth. moreover, vcs clips allow the surgeon to perform vascular anastomosis easily and faster than conventional suture. this system may become the option of choice for vascular reconstruction in pediatric surgery where, as in the case of aortic and t ...	2006	16378146
a novel model to test accuracy and reproducibility of mdct scan protocols for coronary calcium in vivo.	we compared the accuracy and reliability of prospectively triggered, retrospectively ecg gated, and non-gated ct image reconstruction for measurements of coronary artery calcification (cac) in vivo using a novel animal model.	2006	16374527
fully mr-guided hepatic artery catheterization for selective drug delivery: a feasibility study in pigs.	to demonstrate the feasibility of hepatic catheterization for selective delivery of therapeutic agents using a clinical mri scanner for real-time image guidance.	2006	16374883
microwave ablation for atrial fibrillation: dose-response curves in the cardioplegia-arrested and beating heart.	microwave ablation has been used to replace the traditional incisions used in the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. however, dose-response curves have not been established in surgically relevant models. the purpose of this study was to develop dose-response curves for the flex 10 (guidant, inc) microwave device in both the acute cardioplegia-arrested heart and on the beating heart.	2006	16368338
enhanced external counterpulsation improves endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in the carotid arteries of hypercholesterolemic pigs.	enhanced external counterpulsation (eecp) has been demonstrated to be an effective method for the treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease. however, the exact mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of eecp is not completely clear. we hypothesized that eecp leads to improvement in endothelial function, contributing to its clinical benefits.	2006	16310261
genetic characterization of type 2 porcine circoviruses detected in hungarian wild boars.	porcine circoviruses (pcv) are present in pigs worldwide; they are grouped into two types: pcv1 comprising non-pathogenic viruses and pcv2 responsible for several clinical manifestations. both types are frequently detected in domestic pigs, the prevalence and role of pcv in wild boars however, is not well studied. during the years 2002-2003 over 2000 organ samples of hungarian wild boars were collected, grouped and samples from 307 different animals were tested by polymerase chain reaction for t ...	2006	16328152
people, pigs and parasites in new guinea: relational contexts and epidemiological possibilities.	within papua new guinea the relationship people have with their pigs varies between societies. these differences arise in the earliest phase of rearing piglets and result in domestic animals whose primary attachments are to other pigs, to places or to people. for papua new guineans, different pig management regimes fulfill ecological and social needs. in addition, however, the ways in which pigs are raised and managed, and the presence or absence of a local population of wild pigs, have conseque ...	2006	16337181
molecular cloning, expression and functional characterization of miniature swine cd86.	cd86 is one of the key molecules involved in the co-stimulation of t cells. the complete cdna encoding cd86 molecule of miniature swine was cloned and analyzed. a comparison of two cd86 amino acid sequences of miniature swine and domestic swine showed only three amino acid differences suggesting that it is unlikely to affect the major structural features of the miniature swine cd86 (mscd86). in the expression study, constitutive expression of cd86 mrna was detected in various tissues, and the ab ...	2006	16337491
the ppar-alpha activator fenofibrate fails to provide myocardial protection in ischemia and reperfusion in pigs.	rodent studies suggest that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (ppar-alpha) activation reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (i/r) injury and infarct size; however, effects of ppar-alpha activation in large animal models of myocardial i/r are unknown. we determined whether chronic treatment with the ppar-alpha activator fenofibrate affects myocardial i/r injury in pigs. domestic farm pigs were assigned to treatment with fenofibrate 50 mg.kg(-1).day(-1) orally or no drug treatment ...	2006	16339839
a new method of selective, rapid cooling of the brain: an experimental study.	to determine whether retrograde perfusion of cooled blood into one internal jugular vein (ijv) in the pig can selectively reduce the brain temperature without affecting the core body temperature (cbt).	2006	16362468
healing pattern of bone defects covered by different membrane types--a histologic study in the porcine mandible.	few investigations on guided bone regeneration (gbr) focus on the behaviour of tissues adjacent to barrier membranes. this study was conducted to (1) evaluate the barrier function potential of different resorbable and nonresorbable membranes for gbr, (2) investigate their structural changes after different intervals, and (3) characterize tissue composition and reaction adjacent to the barrier by qualitative histologic evaluation. seven barriers for gbr were used per animal (made of dense or expa ...	2006	16362958
prp modulates expression of bone matrix proteins in vivo without long-term effects on bone formation.	this experimental study (domestic pig) examined the bone formation after filling defined defects of the frontal skull with autogenous bone or a deproteinized bovine bone matrix (dbbm) in combination with platelet-rich plasma (prp). six groups, both materials with and without prp in two different concentrations (4.1x and 6.5x referring to untreated whole blood) were evaluated at 2, 4, 12, and 26 weeks by means of immunohistochemical staining for different bone matrix proteins, microradiography, l ...	2006	16257592
antioxidant enzymes in ringed seal tissues: potential protection against dive-associated ischemia/reperfusion.	diving seals experience heart rate reduction and preferential distribution of the oxygenated blood flow to the heart and brain, widespread peripheral vasoconstriction, and selective ischemia in the most hypoxia-tolerant tissues. the first breath after the dive restores the oxygenated blood flow to all tissues and raises the potential for the production of reactive oxygen species (ros). we hypothesized that in order to counteract the damaging effects of ros and to tolerate repetitive cycles of is ...	2006	16269268
acute inhibition of the endogenous xanthine oxidase improves renal hemodynamics in hypercholesterolemic pigs.	hypercholesterolemia (hc), a major risk factor for onset and progression of renal disease, is associated with increased oxidative stress, potentially causing endothelial dysfunction. one of the sources of superoxide anion is xanthine oxidase (xo), but its contribution to renal endothelial function in hc remains unclear. we tested the hypothesis that xo modulates renal hemodynamics and endothelial function in hc pigs. four groups (n = 23) of female domestic pigs were studied 12 wk after either no ...	2006	16284087
implantation and testing of subretinal film electrodes in domestic pigs.	by definition, an electronic subretinal visual prosthesis requires the implantation of stimulation electrodes in the subretinal space of the eye. polyimide film electrodes with flat contacts were implanted subretinally and used for electrical stimulation in acute experiments in anaesthetised domestic pigs. in two pigs, the film electrode was inserted through a sclerostomy into the vitreous cavity and, subsequently, via a retinotomy into the subretinal space around the posterior pole (ab interno ...	2006	16125172
structure traits of longissimus lumborum muscle in wild boar/domestic pig hybrids.	the structure of musculus longissimus lumborum (m.l.l.) was evaluated with respect to proportion of three muscle fiber types and their diameters, in gilts and barrows of wild boar/domestic pig hybrids. the experiment was carried out on 29 hybrids (21 barrows and 8 gilts) which originated from crossing duroc sows with wild boar (sus scrofa ferus). the diameter of the "red" fibres in barrows was 48.42 microm, significantly greater than in gilts--43.71 microm. the diameters of the remaining two typ ...	2006	17220008
evaluation of microporous polysaccharide hemospheres for parenchymal hemostasis during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in the porcine model.	we evaluated the efficacy of microporous polysaccharide hemospheres (mph) for parenchymal hemostasis during laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (lpn) in the porcine model.	2006	17212884
genetic diversity in wild (sus scrofa scrofa) and domestic (sus scrofa domestica) pigs and their hybrids based on polymorphism of a fragment of the d-loop region in the mitochondrial dna.	we examined the variation in mitochondrial dna by sequencing the d-loop region in wild and domestic (large-white breed) pigs, in hybrids between domestic and wild pigs, and in monteiro pigs. a d-loop fragment of approximately 330 bp was amplified by pcr. sequencing of dna amplicons identified haplotypes previously described as european and asian types. monteiro pigs and wild pigs had european haplotypes and domestic pigs had both european and asian haplotypes.	2006	17183469
running speed in mammals increases with muscle n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid content.	polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas) are important dietary components that mammals cannot synthesize de novo. beneficial effects of pufas, in particular of the n-3 class, for certain aspects of animal and human health (e.g., cardiovascular function) are well known. several observations suggest, however, that pufas may also affect the performance of skeletal muscles in vertebrates. for instance, it has been shown that experimentally n-6 pufa-enriched diets increase the maximum swimming speed in sa ...	2006	17183696
radiofrequency ablation of normal lungs after pulmonary artery embolization with use of degradable starch microspheres: results in a porcine model.	the present study was performed to evaluate the effect of pulmonary artery embolization on radiofrequency (rf) ablation of normal porcine lungs.	2006	17185698
different fecal shedding patterns of two common strains of hepatitis e virus at three japanese swine farms.	zoonotic infections caused by eating the meat of deer, wild boar, and pig have been suggested in japan, a country that is not epidemic for hepatitis e caused by hepatitis e virus (hev). this virus is widely spread in domestic pigs in both epidemic and non-epidemic countries. we studied fecal hev shedding patterns on three japanese farms that had two common genotype iii hev strains. two of the three farms had high shedding peaks (75% and 100%) in pigs 1-3 months of age, suggesting that these anim ...	2006	17172388
implant-supported prosthetic applications upon development of children and adolescents: a pilot study in pigs.	the purpose of this study is the investigation of the application of implant-supported prosthetic restorations using 2 implants supporting a fixed prosthesis during the physical growth and the development period of growing pigs.	2006	17172960
real-time detection and alerting for acute st-segment elevation myocardial ischemia using an implantable, high-fidelity, intracardiac electrogram monitoring system with long-range telemetry in an ambulatory porcine model.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate feasibility of using real-time, high-fidelity, intracardiac electrogram monitoring from a permanently implantable ischemia detection system (iids), with long-range telemetry capability to detect st-segment shifts associated with acute or subacute coronary occlusion in a porcine model.	2006	17161264
modification of the arterial anastomotic technique improves survival in porcine single lung transplant model.	lung transplantation is a valuable therapeutic option for selected patients with end-stage pulmonary disease. however, this treatment is complicated by ischaemia-reperfusion injury (iri) of the lung in 10-20% of the recipients. we developed an unilateral porcine lung transplant model to study iri and describe our experience with two different arterial anastomotic techniques.	2006	17017708
[methods for investigating trichinella infections in domestic and wild animals].	trichinellosis is an important parasitic zoonosis that is caused by the intracellular nematode trichinella spp.. infection of humans occurs through consumption of raw (or undercooked) meat containing infectious larvae. in europe, meat from pork, horse, and wild boar have been identified as most important sources of trichinella infections in humans. in switzerland, both the domestic pig and wild boar population are considered free of trichinella. conversely, swiss foxes, lynxs and recently a wolf ...	2006	17024975
systematics and epidemiology of trichinella.	in this review, we describe the current knowledge on the systematics, ecology and epidemiology of trichinella and trichinellosis, and the impact of recent research discoveries on the understanding of this zoonosis. the epidemiology of this zoonosis has experienced important changes over the past two decades, especially with regard to the importance of the sylvatic cycle and the sylvatic species. outbreaks of trichinellosis due to trichinella spiralis from domestic swine, while still frequent, in ...	2006	17134656
a novel method of endoscopic submucosal dissection with blunt abrasion by submucosal injection of sodium carboxymethylcellulose: an animal preliminary study.	endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd), particularly the process of submucosal incision with a knife, is technically difficult and carries a high risk of perforation. submucosal injection of a viscous substance, eg, jelly, obviates the need of submucosal incision with a knife. sodium carboxymethylcellulose (scmc), known as cellulose gum, is highly viscous when dissolved in water.	2006	17140905
pharmacologic manipulation of the porcine ureter: acute impact of topical drugs on ureteral diameter and peristaltic activity.	intraluminal application of pharmacologic agents for acute ureteral dilation may facilitate difficult ureteroscopy. we characterized the in-vivo effects of intraluminal application of verapamil and theophylline on ureteral peristalsis and diameter in a porcine model.	2006	17144869
noninfectious complications due to vascular access ports (vaps) in yucatan minipigs (sus scrofa domestica).	vascular access ports (vaps) for studies requiring intermittent or continuous infusion and frequent sampling are well accepted and widely used in large animal species. however, the use of medical devices such as vaps to facilitate sample collection can lead to complications. noninfectious complications of vap implantation can result from thrombotic or mechanical obstructions, other mechanical problems, and animal-associated complications. to facilitate our research, we surgically implanted vaps ...	2006	17089988
the use of a micro-bubble contrast agent to allow visualization of the biliary tree.	micro-bubble contrast agents have been used as contrast agents in the vascular system to allow visualization of blood flow by ultrasound. we examined the use of this type of contrast agent for visualization of bile duct by ultrasound. a laparotomy was performed on a domestic farm pig and the common bile duct was cannulated with a 20 gauge catheter. the contrast agent, perflutren lipid microspheres (definity), was injected in different dilutions. sonographic images were obtained by scanning direc ...	2006	17100724
bilateral intra-annular spinal compressive stresses in vivo.	the purpose of this pilot study was to determine if compressive stresses in the annulus of the intervertebral disc vary with activity in a quadruped and are affected by treatment with an implant. pilot in vivo tests were conducted on skeletally immature domestic pigs (approved by iacuc). one pair of sensors was implanted within the annulus of t10-11, and the second pair at t8-9. a staple was them implanted across the right side of t8-9. wires were routed subcutaneously and exited at the dorsal c ...	2006	17108458
[the histogenesis of interrenal primordium of the adrenal gland in pig (sus domestica)].	using light, electron microscopy and cytochemistry, the early (embryonic week 4-8) stages of adrenal gland (ag) development were studied in domestic pig. the interrelations between the cells of the fetal cortex (fc) and chromaffin cells (cc) were traced. at week 5, ag primordium is represented by fc, which consists of the epithelioid cells, with the ingrowing neural cords containing cc islets. starting at the early embryonic period and up to fetal period, cc and interrenal cells of fc are closel ...	2006	17111663
analysis of expressed sequence tags from skeletal muscle-specific cdna library of chinese native xiang pig.	a longissimus dorsi muscle cdna library of xiang pig was constructed, and 131 randomly isolated clones were sequenced in this study. the results of bioinformatics analysis showed that 131 ests represented 109 unique clones sequences, of which 99 showed homology to previously identified genes in humans or other mammals, 3 matched other uncharacterized expressed sequence tags (ests), and 7 showed no significant matches to sequences already present in dna databases. no protein matches were found fo ...	2006	17112969
intrathoracic pressure regulation for intracranial pressure management in normovolemic and hypovolemic pigs.	to evaluate the potential to use subatmospheric intrathoracic pressure to regulate intracranial pressure (icp) in normovolemic and hypovolemic animals, we tested the hypothesis that mechanical devices designed to reduce intrathoracic pressure will decrease icp in a dose-related manner. an inspiratory impedance threshold device was used in spontaneously breathing animals and an intrathoracic pressure regulator was attached to a positive pressure ventilator and used in apneic animals: both devices ...	2006	17114984
the effect of pedicle expansion on pedicle morphology and biomechanical stability in the immature porcine spine.	biomechanical study in an animal model.	2006	17047529
temporary coronary artery occlusion during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting with the new poloxamer p407 does not cause endothelial dysfunction in epicardial coronary arteries.	the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the novel reversible thermosensitive gel poloxamer 407 for occlusion of the coronary vessel necessary for minimally invasive operations and its effects on coronary endothelium.	2006	17059936
magnetic resonance imaging of the harderian gland in piglets.	the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the value and effectiveness of functional and morphological magnetic resonance imaging (mri), in order to assess the extent of brain injury in a hypoxic-ischaemic piglet model, and further to validate that the ischaemic injury was successfully induced. in this way, we also characterized the harderian gland. mri was performed at 1.5 t in anaesthetized piglets (n = 10, 12-36 h of age). magnetic resonance perfusion and diffusion imaging were ...	2006	17062026
changes in endocrine and neurochemical profiles in neonatal pigs prenatally exposed to increased maternal cortisol.	early life environmental factors are able to influence prenatal development and may cause structural and functional effects on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis and neurotransmitter systems in the offspring. these effects seem to be species specific and may depend on the period of gestation when the factors are effective. elevated maternal cortisol levels are assumed to play a crucial role as a programming factor during prenatal development. thus, the present study was performed in order ...	2006	17065404
effect of hypercapnia on cerebral blood flow and blood volume in pigs studied by positron emission tomography.	pigs are increasingly used as in vivo models in neuroscience, including studies using positron emission tomography. during anesthesia, cerebral blood flow (cbf) and cerebral blood volume (cbv) are mainly regulated by the partial pressure of co2 (pco2) in arterial blood. we sought to determine the effects of increased arterial pco2 (hypercapnia) on cbf and cbv in anesthetized domestic pigs. we anesthetized 4 pigs and manipulated the tidal volume of the ventilator to different pco2 levels. baselin ...	2006	17069026
the effects of ropivacaine at clinically relevant doses on myocardial ischemia in pigs.	a major risk associated with bupivacaine during myocardial ischemia is ventricular fibrillation. we investigated the influence of ropivacaine on cardiac contractility and the propensity to ventricular fibrillation before and after myocardial ischemia in a placebo-controlled pig study. anesthetized domestic pigs were administered 1 mg.kg(-1) of ropivacaine intravenously over 1 min and then 0.03 mg.kg(-1).min(-1) as a 30-min infusion, or saline. the following endpoints were measured before and aft ...	2006	17072705
a paleolithic diet confers higher insulin sensitivity, lower c-reactive protein and lower blood pressure than a cereal-based diet in domestic pigs.	a paleolithic diet has been suggested to be more in concordance with human evolutionary legacy than a cereal based diet. this might explain the lower incidence among hunter-gatherers of diseases of affluence such as type 2 diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease. the aim of this study was to experimentally study the long-term effect of a paleolithic diet on risk factors for these diseases in domestic pigs. we examined glucose tolerance, post-challenge insulin response, plasma c-reactive pro ...	2006	17081292
parenteral vaccination of domestic pigs with brucella abortus strain rb51.	to determine the immunogenicity and efficacy of brucella abortus strain rb51 (srb51) as a vaccine in domestic pigs.	2006	17014337
in vitro development of cloned embryos derived from miniature pig somatic cells after activation by ultrasound stimulation.	the present study was carried out to examine the activation and development of cloned embryos produced by transferring miniature pig somatic cells into enucleated farm pig oocytes after exposing to ultrasound. the rates of the pronucleus-like structure formation and polar body-like structure extrusion in embryos exposed to ultrasound did not differ from those applied electric pulses. although there was no significant difference in the blastocyst formation rates between different activation metho ...	2006	17009892
mitochondrial haplotypes of european wild boars with 2n = 36 are closely related to those of european domestic pigs with 2n = 38.	wild boars from western europe have a 2n = 36 karyotype, in contrast to a karyotype of 2n = 38 in wild boars from central europe and asia and in all domestic pigs. the phylogenetic status of this wild boar population is unclear, and it is not known if it has contributed to pig domestication. we have now sequenced the mtdna control region from 30 european wild boars (22 with a confirmed 2n = 36 karyotype) and six asian wild boars (two hainan and four dongbei wild boars) to address this question. ...	2006	16978174
the responses of growing pigs to a chronic-intermittent stress treatment.	many of the stressor treatments used in animal models of depression have parallels in the normal experiences of domestic pigs. the experiment described here aimed to assess whether a chronic-intermittent stress regime caused behavioural or physiological changes, indicative of depression, in domestic pigs. ten juvenile male pigs were exposed to a social and environmental stress regime. over the stressor period, weight gain was significantly lower in test pigs than in control pigs. stress treatmen ...	2006	16982073
tissue anchors for transmural gut-wall apposition.	with the development of notes (natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) and efforts to advance gastric reduction surgery, alternatives for robust tissue apposition apart from suturing and current mucosal clipping devices may be valuable.	2006	16996353
burn depths evaluation based on active dynamic ir thermal imaging--a preliminary study.	proper diagnostic assessment of burn wound depth is of the highest importance in selecting the mode of burn wound treatment. several diagnostic methods--clinical and histopathological evaluation, as well as methods employing ir imaging--static thermography and active dynamic thermography (adt)--are compared on the basis of in vivo experiments conducted on three domestic pigs (23 burn wounds). adt is presented here as a new, reliable and quantitative method of assessing burn wound depth on the ba ...	2006	16997482
current trends in safety assurance for tissue grafts used in burn treatment.	the author presents a summary of current safety standards for allogeneic and xenogeneic biological skin grafts. the fundamental document relevant to allogeneic transplants, establishing the minimal level of safety guaranteed in european union states, is the european parliament and council directive (2004/23/ec) from march 31st 2004. this directive determines that grafts will be prepared by a licensed or accredited tissue bank, and that this arrangement must be put in place by the member states w ...	2006	16999268
efficacy and safety of right and left atrial ablations on the beating heart with irrigated bipolar radiofrequency energy: a long-term animal study.	the cox maze procedure is the most effective surgical treatment for atrial fibrillation; however, its complexity has limited its clinical utility. the purpose of this study was to simplify the procedure by using an irrigated bipolar radiofrequency ablation device on the beating heart without cardiopulmonary bypass.	2006	17000297
in vivo cardiovascular catheterization under real-time mri guidance.	to test the hypothesis that cardiac and coronary catheterization can be successfully performed under real-time mr guidance using a conventional x-ray angiographic catheter.	2006	16941633
characterization of hepatic drug-metabolizing activities of bama miniature pigs (sus scrofa domestica): comparison with human enzyme analogs.	we used various substrates and selective inhibitors of human cytochrome p450 (cyp) isozymes as probes to study the metabolism of liver microsomes from chinese bama miniature pigs. nifedipine oxidation (nod) and testosterone 6beta-hydroxylation (6beta-oht) activities were similar between human liver microsomes and those from bama miniature pigs. however, compared with those from humans, liver microsomes from bama miniature pigs showed decreased phenacetin o-deethylation, coumarin 7-hydroxylation, ...	2006	16941956
bladder augmentation with acellular dermal biomatrix in a diseased animal model.	the use of bowel for bladder augmentation is associated with many complications. we have reported that acellular dermal biomatrix can be used successfully for directing the regeneration of each key bladder wall element in healthy domestic pigs. before proposing that this material should be used in the human setting a final set of experiments using this scaffold to replace diseased bladder wall is necessary. we determined if acellular dermal biomatrix can be used to replace diseased bladder wall. ...	2006	16945628