Publications

cholesterol oxidase from rhodococcus equi is likely the major factor involved in the cooperative lytic process (camp reaction) with listeria monocytogenes.	the camp reaction between listeria monocytogenes and rhodococcus equi was studied by a diffusion assay. listeria monocytogenes displayed identical cooperative haemolytic effect with supernatant cultures of r. equi or with commercial cholesterol oxidase (cox). this result, even with enzymes of different sources (commercial cox is obtained from pseudomonas spp.) suggests that this enzyme secreted by r. equi has a crucial role in the synergistic haemolytic (camp) reaction with l. monocytogenes. the ...	1996	8852354
transcriptional regulation of the rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 nita gene encoding a nitrilase.	the 1.4-kb downstream region from a nitrilase gene (nita) of an actinomycete rhodococcus rhodochrous j1, which is industrially in use, was found to be required for the isovaleronitrile-dependent induction of nitrilase synthesis in experiments using a rhodococcus-escherichia coli shuttle vector pk4 in a rhodococcus strain. sequence analysis of the 1.4-kb region revealed the existence of an open reading frame (nitr) of 957 bp, which would encode a protein with a molecular mass of 35,100. deletion ...	1996	8855219
genetic differences between nitrate-negative and nitrate-positive c. pseudotuberculosis strains using restriction fragment length polymorphisms.	corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis has been classified into two biotypes according to ability to breakdown nitrate (biberstein et al., 1971). restriction enzyme analysis (rea) has shown to reflect this differentiation, but numerous bands generated by this technique make interpretation difficult (songer et al., 1988). restriction fragment length polymorphism's (rflp's) has become an accepted genetic tool and was used in this study to determine if differences in nitrate reduction and other phenoty ...	1996	8861638
rhodococcus percolatus sp. nov., a bacterium degrading 2,4,6-trichlorophenol.	a bacterial strain that was able to mineralize 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was isolated from a chlorophenol-fed percolator and was identified as a member of the genus rhodococcus on the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and 16s rna phylogenetic inference data. this organism (strain mbs1t [t = type strain]) exhibited a typical irregular rod-coccus cycle, and the cells had fimbria-like structures on their surfaces. the diagnostic cell wall amino acid was meso-diaminopimelic acid, and the sugars we ...	1996	8573500
effect of penicillin g on the electroporation of rhodococcus rhodochrous cf222.	suitable conditions for the introduction of bacteriophage dna into cells of rhodococcus rhodochrous cf222 by electroporation were established, and penicillin g was found to enhance the transfection frequency. when conditions optimal for the parental strain were applied to its colony-morphological mutants, different transfection frequencies were observed. penicillin g enhanced the transfection frequency of smooth and mucoidal mutants but not of rough mutants.	1996	8588890
characterization of the expression of the thcb gene, coding for a pesticide-degrading cytochrome p-450 in rhodococcus strains.	a cytochrome p-450 system in rhodococcus strains, encoded by thcb, thcc, and thcd, participates in the degradation of thiocarbamates and several other pesticides. the regulation of the system was investigated by fusing a truncated lacz in frame to thcb, the structural gene for the cytochrome p-450 monooxygenase. analysis of the thcb-lacz fusion showed that the expression of thcb was 10-fold higher in the presence of the herbicide eptc (s-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate). similar enhancement of the t ...	1996	8593046
growth of rhodococcus s1 on anthracene.	three slow-growing bacteria were isolated from a mixed culture enriched for growth on anthracene, using creosote-contaminated soil as the inoculum. organisms were shown to use anthracene by the production of a clear zone around the colony after a mineral salts agar plate was sprayed with anthracene. all three bacteria were nonmotile, nonsporulating, gram-positive rods and stained acid-fast. physiological and biochemical tests, gc content, and cell wall lipid patterns of whole cell methanolysates ...	1996	8868237
genetic analysis of clavibacter toxicus, the agent of annual ryegrass toxicity.	multilocus enzyme electrophoresis was used to examine the relatedness of 52 isolates of clavibacter toxicus, the agent of annual ryegrass toxicity. these included 37 western australian (wa) field isolates sampled in 3 distinct locations over a 2-year period, and 15 isolates sampled from 6 different host plant species in 3 states in australia over approximately 8 years. seventeen reference strains for the related genera curtobacterium, rhodococcus and arthrobacter were examined for comparison. th ...	1996	8870638
different rifampicin inactivation mechanisms in nocardia and related taxa.	mycolic acid-containing bacteria inactivate rifampicin in a variety of ways such as glucosylation, ribosylation, phosphorylation and decolorization. these inactivations were found to be a species-specific phenomena in nocardia and related taxa. gordona, tsukamurella and fast-growing mycobacterium modified rifampicin by ribosylation of the 23-oh group of the antibiotic. such ribosylation was not observed in rhodococcus and corynebacterium, but phosphorylation of the 21-oh group of rifampicin was ...	1996	8871521
serologic responses to rhodococcus equi in individuals with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection.	thirty healthy blood donors, 15 workers from horse-breeding farms, 69 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-negative persons at risk for hiv infection, 125 hiv-infected subjects without rhodococcus equi infection, and nine hiv-infected patients with rhodococcus equi pneumonia were evaluated in order to detect serum antibodies to rhodococcus equi precipitate-soluble antigen by an enzyme immunoassay (eia). whereas eia values for healthy donors, horse farm workers, individuals at risk for hiv infectio ...	1996	8874077
in vitro activity of the trinem sanfetrinem (gv104326) against gram-positive organisms.	the in vitro activity of the trinem sanfetrinem (formerly gv104326) (gv) was compared with that of vancomycin, ampicillin, and/or nafcillin against 287 gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and multiresistant enterococci, by the agar and microbroth dilution methods. gv demonstrated 2 to 16 times more activity than ampicillin and nafcillin against the majority of these organisms. the mic range of gv was 16 to 64 micrograms/ml for 19 enterococcus faecium str ...	1996	8878596
poststenotic cavitating pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi in hiv infection.		1996	8882676
expression of virulence-associated antigens of rhodococcus equi is regulated by temperature and ph.	we recently reported that there are two different virulence-associated antigens correlated with virulence levels in rhodococcus equi isolates from aids patients: virulent r. equi that kills mice with 10(6) cells expresses 15- to 17-kda antigens and intermediately virulent r. equi that kills mice with 10(7) cells expresses a 20-kda antigen. environmental parameters were evaluated for their effects on the expression of these virulence-associated antigens in virulent r. equi strains by immunoblotti ...	1996	8887354
the incidence and consequences of failure of passive transfer of immunity on a thoroughbred breeding farm.	circulating igg concentration was determined between 12 and 24 hours after birth for 323 foals born on a thoroughbred breeding farm over 3 consecutive years. the incidence of failure of passive transfer (fpt) of maternal immunoglobulins (foal circulating igg concentration < 8 g/l) was found to be 9.6%. foals born late in the season (october to december) were found to be at increased risk for the development of fpt. the degree of assistance required at parturition and the presence of a peripartur ...	1996	8893988
rhodococcal pneumonia: humoral versus cell-mediated immunity.		1996	8894528
use of a virulence-associated protein based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rhodococcus equi serology in horses.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed against rhodococcus equi using triton x-114 detergent extracted whole cell material, in which the virulence associated protein (vapa) predominated. enzymelinked immunosorbent assay titres corresponded to antibody reacting with vapa on western blots. there was considerable variation in antibody titres of nonimmunised mares and in the time when the colostrally derived antibody of their foals had declined to low or undetectable titres. in g ...	1996	8894530
extra-pulmonary rhodococcus equi in a thoroughbred foal.		1996	8896881
allogeneic bone marrow transplantation can restore cd4+ t-lymphocyte count and immune function in idiopathic cd4+ t-lymphocytopenia.	cd4+ t-lymphocytopenia in the absence of hiv infection is a heterogeneous disorder of unknown cause. here we report a patient with idiopathic cd4+ t-lymphocytopenia, presenting with an opportunistic rhodococcus equi infection. when aplastic anemia developed subsequently, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation was performed. complete restoration of immune function was observed. we conclude that allogeneic bone marrow transplantation presents a potentially curative therapy for cd4+ t-lymphocytopen ...	1996	8899203
relationship between induction of macrophage chemotactic factors and formation of granulomas caused by mycoloyl glycolipids from rhodococcus ruber (nocardia rubra).	mycoloyl glycolipids cause granulomas in the lungs, liver, and spleen of mice, but the mechanism is not fully understood. to understand the role of macrophage chemotactic factors (mcfs) in granuloma formation, we prepared various mycoloyl glycolipids with different carbohydrate moieties: trehalose dimycolate (tdm), glucose mycolate (gm), mannose mycolate (mm), and fructose mycolate (fm) from rhodococcus ruber, and examined the relationship between their mcf induction in peritoneal macrophages an ...	1996	8902634
the beta-ketoadipate pathway and the biology of self-identity.	the beta-ketoadipate pathway is a chromosomally encoded convergent pathway for aromatic compound degradation that is widely distributed in soil bacteria and fungi. one branch converts protocatechuate, derived from phenolic compounds including p-cresol, 4-hydroxybenzoate and numerous lignin monomers, to beta-ketoadipate. the other branch converts catechol, generated from various aromatic hydrocarbons, amino aromatics, and lignin monomers, also to beta-ketoadipate. two additional steps accomplish ...	1996	8905091
serum antibody responses of foals to virulence-associated 15- to 17-kilodalton antigens of rhodococcus equi.	humoral immune responses in 16 foals to virulence-associated 15- to 17-kda antigens of rhodococcus equi were studied during the first fourteen weeks of life on two horse-breeding farms with a persistent incidence of r. equi infection. serum antibody levels specific for 15- to 17-kda antigens were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western immunoblotting. immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies specific to 15- to 17-kda antigens were detected by all the foals. r. equi was found in the fe ...	1996	8914251
simultaneous utilization of pyridine and fructose by rhodococcus opacus ufz b 408 without an external nitrogen source.	a bacterium classified as rhodococcus opacus, which is able to use pyridine (a potentially growth-inhibiting substrate) as its sole source of carbon, energy and nitrogen, was isolated. in a carbon-limited chemostat culture, the kinetics was determined for growth on both pyridine and a mixture of pyridine and fructose (9 mm/22.15 mm). with growth on pyridine, stable steady states were achieved up to dilution rates of about 0.1 h-1. a further increase in the dilution rate resulted in the progressi ...	1996	8920194
relationship between haemagglutination and hela-cell adherence of rhodococcus equi.	in this study, 45 rhodococcus equi isolates from animals and humans were identified by the api coryne system, and serologically with monospecific antisera against capsular types 1-7, with serotypes 1 and 2 predominating. regardless of serotype, 14 out of 31 isolates from animals and one of 14 isolates from humans expressed 15-17-kd virulence-associated proteins. in hexadecane adherence studies, serotype 2 isolates generally displayed hydrophobic surfaces. in addition, isolates of serotype 1 gene ...	1996	8928574
[structure and antigenicity of the major glycolipid from opportunistic bacteria rhodococcus equi].	some results from structural and immunological studies of the major glycolipid from rhodococcus equi were presented. this glycolipid showed to be a glucosylmonomycolate (gmm) with an aliphatic chain c38. its value as taxonomic and immunodiagnostic marker was discussed.	1996	9072772
nitrile hydratase and its application to industrial production of acrylamide.	nitrile hydratase (nhase) was discovered in our laboratory. this enzyme was purified and characterized from various microorganisms. nhases are roughly classified into two groups according to the metal involved: fe-type and co-type. nhases are expected to have great potential as catalysts in organic chemical processing because they can convert nitriles to the corresponding higher-value amides under mild conditions. we have used microbial enzymes for the production of useful compounds: nhase has b ...	1996	8987584
resonance raman evidence that photodissociation of nitric oxide from the non-heme iron center activates nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771.	nitrile hydratase (nhase) from rhodococcus sp. n-771, which contains a non-heme iron center in the catalytic site, has been known to be activated by light illumination. recently, endogenous nitric oxide (no) was found in this enzyme by ftir spectroscopy [noguchi et al. (1995) febs lett. 358, 9-12]. in order to directly detect the bonding between no and the iron atom and the reaction of no upon photoactivation, resonance raman spectra of the nhase were measured with 413 nm excitation at 85 k. two ...	1996	8988015
molecular mechanisms of biocatalytic desulfurization of fossil fuels.	the development of biocatalytic desulfurization of petroleum fractions may allow its use in place of conventional hydrodesulfurization (hds). dibenzothiophene (dbt) is representative of a broad range of sulfur heterocycles found in petroleum that are recalcitrant to desulfurization via hds. rhodococcus sp. strain igts8 has the ability to convert dbt to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (hbp) with the release of inorganic sulfur. the conversion of dbt to hbp is catalyzed by a multienzyme pathway consisting of tw ...	1996	9634856
equine herpesvirus type 2: prevalence and seroepidemiology in foals.	whole blood and serum were collected from foals to determine the prevalence of equine herpesvirus type 2 (ehv 2) infection in foals, age at which infection can first be identified and serological responses to infection. equine herpesvirus type 2 was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from 68 of 69 foals, 1-8-months-old, sampled once. virus isolation was performed twice at intervals of 2-7 months on pbmcs from 33 foals and ehv2 was isolated on both occasions in all but one fo ...	1996	9049491
biodegradation of polyhydroxyalkanoic acids.	stimulated by the commercial availability of bacteriologically produced polyesters such as poly[(r)-3-hydroxybutyric acid], and encouraged by the discovery of new constituents of polyhydroxyalkanoic acids (pha), a considerable body of knowledge on the metabolism of pha in microorganisms has accumulated. the objective of this essay is to give an overview on the biodegradation of pha. the following topics are discussed: (i) general considerations of pha degradation, (ii) methods for identification ...	1996	9008883
[the degradation of plasticizers by rhodococcus erythropolis 40f].	a rhodococcus erythropolis 40 phi strain isolated from the soil utilizes 0.1-2% v/v dibutylphthalate (dbp) and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (dehp) as a single carbon source. the strain metabolizes dbp and dehp via the following steps: diester --> phthalate --> benzoate --> p-hydroxybenzoate --> 3,4-dihydroxybvenzoate --> 3-ketoadipinate.	1996	8991593
amide metabolism: a putative abc transporter in rhodococcus sp. r312.	the dna sequence has been determined upstream of the amie structural gene in the amidase operon of rhodococcus sp. r312 and a new orf (amis2) identified. the amis2 gene encodes a potential 206 amino acid (aa) protein containing a high proportion of hydrophobic residues. the amis2 protein possesses high homology to the orfp3, amis and urei gene products from the mycobacterium smegmatis (ms) acetamidase operon, pseudomonas aeruginosa (pa) amidase operon and helicobacter pylori (hp) urease operon, ...	1996	8982091
cytologic features of pulmonary malakoplakia related to rhodococcus equi in an immunocompromised host.	cytologic features are described in bronchial brushings of a large cavitary lung mass from an immunosuppressed patient who had undergone liver transplantation. scattered histiocytes with abundant eosinophilic, vacuolated cytoplasm were noted in a background of bronchial cells. within approximately one fourth of the histiocytes, targetoid intracytoplasmic inclusions were present, consistent with michaelis-gutmann bodies. they were diffusely positive by histo-chemical staining with von kossa, gomo ...	1996	8982589
identification of rhodococcus equi using the polymerase chain reaction.	two regions in the gene coding for 16s rrna in rhodococcus equi were selected as species-specific primer sequences for the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). pcr using these primers was tested against 10 strains of r. equi (including the type strain) and gave positive results for all but was negative for all other tested species of rhodococcus; representatives of the most closely related genera and a number of other bacterial species. this method could therefore be used to identify this species wh ...	1996	8987445
studies on the isopropylbenzene 2,3-dioxygenase and the 3-isopropylcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase genes encoded by the linear plasmid of rhodococcus erythropolis bd2.	the enzymes responsible for the degradation of isopropylbenzene (ipb) and co-oxidation of trichloroethene (tce) by rhodococcus erythropolis bd2 are encoded by the linear plasmid pbd2. fragments containing ipb catabolic genes were cloned from pbd2 and the nucleotide sequence was determined. by means of database searches and expression of the cloned genes in recombinant strains, we identified five clustered genes, ipba1a2a3a4c, which encode the three components of the ipb 2,3-dioxygenase system, r ...	1996	8969521
community-acquired bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in harare, zimbabwe.	hiv infection is common in mothers and their children in zimbabwe, and hiv-infected children are particularly susceptible to bacterial infections. there is little information on the etiology and outcome of hiv-related bacteremia in african children.	1996	8970218
radiological findings in nine aids patients with rhodococcus equi pneumonia.	rhodococcus equi (r. equi) infections have been incidentally reported as a cause of pulmonary infection in severely immunocompromised hosts, including aids patients. our purpose is to describe the radiological findings in nine aids patients with r. equi pneumonia assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), biopsies, cultures of sputum, and hemocultures. all patients were examined by chest radiographs and contrast-medium-enhanced chest ct. dense pulmonary consolidations with or without cavitations ...	1996	8972317
genetic analysis of the dsz promoter and associated regulatory regions of rhodococcus erythropolis igts8.	the dsz gene cluster of rhodococcus erythropolis igts8 comprises three genes, dsza, dszb, and dszc, whose products are involved in the conversion of dibenzothiophene (dbt) to 2-hydroxybiphenyl and sulfite. this organism can use dbt as the sole sulfur source but not as a carbon source. dsz activity is repressed by methionine, cysteine, casamino acids, and sulfate but not by dbt or dimethyl sulfoxide. we cloned 385 bp of the dna immediately 5' to dsza in front of the reporter gene lacz of escheric ...	1996	8932295
rhodococcus equi in capd-associated peritonitis treated with azithromycin.		1996	8941608
rhodococcus equi causing bacteraemia and pneumonia in a pulmonary transplant patient.		1996	8945718
a chemotaxonomic study of the lipoglycans of rhodococcus rhodnii n445 (ncimb 11279).	rhodococcus rhodnii n445 was investigated for the presence of macroamphiphilic lipoglycan. purification of a hot phenol-water extract by hydrophobic interaction chromatography allowed the resolution of three lipoglycan fractions. the two main preparations contained lipoglycans with carbohydrate compositions consistent with the presence of lipoarabinomannan and lipomannan, whilst the minor fraction appeared to contain a mixture of these two lipoglycans. the fatty acid composition of the lipoglyca ...	1996	8946691
[generalized rhodococcosis of fatal outcome in a patient with aids].		1996	8949612
rhodococcus equi infection in hiv-positive subjects: a retrospective analysis of 24 cases.	rhodococcus equi causes a rare infection in immunocompromised hosts. we describe 24 cases of infection in patients with aids-related complex (arc)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). pneumonia was always the first manifestation of r. equi infection, but extrapulmonary involvement was also observed. the main sources of bacteria were sputum, bronchial washings and blood. the strains isolated were mainly susceptible to erythromycin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin, imipenem and aminoglyc ...	1996	8953675
differentiation of rhodococcus species by ribotyping.	the ribosomal rna gene restriction patterns (ribotyping) was investigated with respect to the characterization of rhodococcus species and r. rhodochrous strains. chromosomal dna was prepared, digested with bamh i, blotted, and hybridized with acetylaminofluorene-labelled 16 + 23s rrna from e. coli. the type strains of seven rhodococcus species studied gave different hybridization patterns in each case. all strains tested were clearly distinguishable by ribotyping. patterns contained two to eight ...	1996	8956489
the use of a novel recombinant heroin esterase in the development of an illicit drugs biosensor.		1996	8958079
isolation of rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb13064 derivatives with new biodegradative abilities.	rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb13064 can dehalogenate and utilise a number of halogenated aliphatic compounds as sole carbon and energy source. mutants of ncimb13064 can be easily isolated with an enlarged range of 1-chloroalkane utilising ability. dehalogenation of 1-chlorononane, 1-chlorodecane and short-chain 1-chloroalkanes (c3-c8) is encoded by the same plasmid prtl1. however, a different genetic element(s) is required for the dehalogenation of 3-chloropropionic acid. two derivatives (p200 an ...	1996	8961560
aseptic meningitis after neurosurgery: a demonstration of bacterial involvement.	objective: to evaluate the presence of bacteria in samples from patients suffering from 'aseptic' meningitis following craniotomy. methods: prospective study in which cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from patients suffering from post-craniotomy meningitis and negative control patients were submitted to conventional culture and to polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using bacterial 16s rrna universal primers, followed in some cases by dna sequencing of the pcr product and phylogenetic analysis. results: csf ...	1996	11866771
enzyme engineering aspects of biocatalysis: cofactor regeneration as example.	reaction engineering is an important tool in the case of cofactor depending enzyme-catalyzed reactions. it allows the establishment of conditions resulting in lower product specific cofactor costs as compared with product-specific enzyme costs. this is shown for the stereospecific reduction of carbonyl compounds yielding chiral amino acids and alcohols. in continuous processes, cofactor costs can be reduced if the cofactor can be retained within the bioreactor or recycled into it after separatio ...	1996	18629898
enantioselective metabolism of chiral 3-phenylbutyric acid, an intermediate of linear alkylbenzene degradation, by rhodococcus rhodochrous pb1.	rhodococcus rhodochrous pb1 was isolated from compost soil by selective culture with racemic 3-phenylbutyric acid as the sole carbon and energy source. growth experiments with the single pure enantiomers as well as with the racemate showed that only one of the two enantiomers, (r)-3-phenylbutyric acid, supported growth of strain pb1. nevertheless, (s)-3-phenylbutyric acid was cometabolically transformed to, presumably, (s)-3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)butyric acid (the absolute configuration at the c- ...	1996	16535265
initial hydrogenation and extensive reduction of substituted 2,4-dinitrophenols.	rhodococcus erythropolis hl 24-1 isolated as a 2,4-dinitrophenol-degrading organism can utilize 2-chloro-4,6-dinitrophenol as the sole nitrogen, carbon, and energy source under aerobic conditions. this compound is metabolized with liberation of stoichiometric amounts of chloride and nitrite. under anaerobic conditions, 2,4-dinitrophenol was transiently accumulated in the culture fluid, indicating a reductive elimination of chloride. during aerobic bioconversion of 2-amino-4,6-dinitrophenol by r. ...	1996	16535270
kinetic analyses of desulfurization of dibenzothiophene by rhodococcus erythropolis in batch and fed-batch cultures.	the dbts(sup+) phenotype (which confers the ability to oxidize selectively the sulfur atom of dibenzothiophene [dbt] or dibenzothiophene sulfone [dbto(inf2)]) of rhodococcus erythropolis n1-36 was quantitatively characterized in batch and fed-batch cultures. in flask cultures, production of the desulfurization product, monohydroxybiphenyl (oh-bp), was maximal at ph 6.0, while specific productivity (oh-bp cell(sup-1)) was maximal at ph 5.5. quantitative measurements in fermentors (in both batch a ...	1996	16535315
kinetic analyses of desulfurization of dibenzothiophene by rhodococcus erythropolis in continuous cultures.	rhodococcus erythropolis n1-36, a desulfurization strain, was grown in continuous culture at 10 different dilution rates with 50 (mu)m dibenzothiophene sulfone (dbto(inf2)) as the growth-limiting nutrient. the steady-state biomass, concentrations of substrate (dbto(inf2)) and product (monohydroxybiphenyl), saturation constant (0.39 (mu)m dbto(inf2)), and cell yield coefficient (9 mg of biomass(middot)(mu)m(sup-1) dbto(inf2)) were measured. continuous cultures at five temperatures allowed calcula ...	1996	16535390
a novel transformation of polychlorinated biphenyls by rhodococcus sp. strain rha1.	we have characterized a biphenyl degrader, rhodococcus sp. strain rha1. biphenyl-grown cells of strain rha1 efficiently transformed 45 components in the 62 major peaks of a polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) mixture of kanechlors 200, 300, 400, and 500 within 3 days, which includes mono- to octachlorobiphenyls. among the intermediate metabolites of pcb transformation, di- and trichlorobenzoic acids were identified. the gradual decrease of these chlorobenzoic acids during incubation indicated that th ...	1995	16535122
a long-chain secondary alcohol dehydrogenase from rhodococcus erythropolis atcc 4277.	a nad-dependent secondary alcohol dehydrogenase has been purified from the alkane-degrading bacterium, rhodococcus erythropolis atcc 4277. the enzyme was found to be active against a broad range of substrates, particularly long-chain secondary aliphatic alcohols. although optimal activity was observed with linear 2-alcohols containing between 6 and 11 carbon atoms, secondary alcohols as long as 2-tetradecanol were oxidized at 25% of the rate seen with mid-range alcohols. the purified enzyme was ...	1995	16535152
utilization of halogenated benzenes, phenols, and benzoates by rhodococcus opacus gm-14.	strain gm-14 was isolated by selective enrichment from contaminated soil with chlorobenzene as the sole source of carbon and energy. it utilizes an exceptionally wide spectrum of haloaromatic substrates. it is a gram-positive, weakly acid-fast actinomycete, with a morphological cycle from cocci and short rods to long rods and branched filaments; it grew optimally at 28(deg)c; and it tolerated 5% nacl in rich medium. the chemotaxonomic characteristics, the diagnostic biochemical tests, the whole- ...	1995	16535177
direct and rapid analysis of the adhesion of bacteria to solid surfaces: interaction of fluorescently labeled rhodococcus strain gin-1 (ncimb 40340) cells with titanium-rich particles.	a fluorimetric assay which enables direct and accurate analysis of the adhesion of bacteria to solid particles was developed. the assay is based on labeling of the bacteria with fluorescamine, which reacts with primary amino groups on the cell surface to yield a yellow fluorescence that is easily detectable by both fluorescence microscopy and spectrofluorimetry. as an example, fluorescent labeling of rhodococcus strain gin-1 (ncimb 40340) cells enabled the detection and quantitative determinatio ...	1995	16535188
multiple polychlorinated biphenyl transformation systems in the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus sp. strain rha1.	the cloned bpha gene of the polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) degrader rhodococcus sp. strain rha1 was expressed in rhodococcus erythropolis iam1399 cells, resulting in the transformation of di-, tri-, and tetrachlorobiphenyls. disruption of the bpha1 gene in rha1 resulted in a lack of growth on biphenyl and a loss of pcb transformation activity. however, the bpha1 insertion mutant of rha1, designated rda1, retained the ability to transform pcb congeners when grown on ethylbenzene as its carbon sou ...	1995	16535201
defective production of interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha by aids mononuclear cells after in vitro exposure to rhodococcus equi.	the production of interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha was evaluated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) from healthy donors and aids patients after rhodococcus equi infection in vitro. pbmcs from healthy donors secreted elevated levels of ifn-gamma and tnf-alpha when challenged in vitro with killed r. equi, whereas the release of both cytokines was impaired in supernatant cultures from aids patients. we conclude that the failure of ifn-gamma generation in aids patient ...	1995	18475656
rhodococcus equi virulence-associated antigens and specific antibody response in aids patients infected with r. equi.	objectives: to analyze the expression of the 15- to 17-kda plasmid-encoded antigens from rhodococcus equi isolates of 7 aids patients and determine the immunologic response to these proteins in the patients' sera. methods: the expression of the virulence proteins in r. equi isolates and the specific antibody response were investigated by immunoblotting. plasmid dna was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. results: the only patient infected with a strain carrying the virulence 85-kb plasmid a ...	1995	11866716
[in process citation].	rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular, obligate aerobe, partially acid fast, gram-positive pathogen that causes cavitary pneumonia in animals and immunocompromised humans. we describe 8 cases of r. equi pneumonia in patients with advanced hiv infection (cd4 counts less than 100/mm3), 7 males and 1 female (mean age 30.8 years), observed between 1991 and 1994. a history of exposure to farm animals was found in 4 patients. the most common presenting symptoms were fever, malaise, dyspnea, ...	1995	15034308
succinoyl trehalose lipid induced differentiation of human monocytoid leukemic cell line u937 into monocyte-macrophages.	a novel type of succinoyl trehalose lipid (stl-1) prepared from n-hexadecane-culture of rhodococcus erythropolis sd-74 markedly inhibited the growth of a human monocytoid leukemic cell line, u937, and induced its morphological alteration along a monocyte-macrophage lineage. stl-1 markedly increased differention-associated characteristics in macrophage, such as nitroblue tetrazolium reducing ability, appearance of fc receptor, phagocytic activities in u937. furthermore, u937 cells, which were act ...	1995	8987500
failure of hyperimmune plasma to prevent pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi in foals.	a trial was conducted on a thoroughbred stud to determine whether or not the administration of anti-rhodococcus equi hyperimmune plasma would reduce the prevalence of r equi pneumonia (rattles) in foals born in the 1992 horse breeding season. hyperimmune plasma was administered to 34 foals; another 57 foals were untreated. there was no significant difference in the number of transfused foals developing r equi pneumonia compared with the untreated foals. the time required for recovery from pneumo ...	1995	8929188
rapid growth and increased biomass yield of mycobacterium farcinogenes and some related taxa in broth and agar media.	a broth medium containing yeast extract (4 g/l), glucose (15 g/l), magnesium sulphate (0.5 g/l), tri-sodium citrate (1.5 g/l), potassium sulphate (0.5 g/l), ammonium ferric citrate (trace) and buffered with potassium di-hydrogen phosphate (5 g/l) was formulated and found to support a luxuriant growth of mycobacterium farcinogenes strains that was superior to the conventional media used before. similar results were obtained with m. senegalense strains and with representatives of the genera gordon ...	1995	8594852
a physical map of the 85 kb virulence plasmid of rhodococcus equi 103.	a physical map of the 85 kb virulence plasmid pots from rhodococcus equi 103 was constructed. the restriction map contains 2 asni, 5 bglii, 9 ecori, 4 hindiii, and 3 xbai sites. the positions of the ecori and hindiii of pots are identical to that of the 85 kb virulence plasmid of r. equi atcc 33701 reported recently by others. ecori restriction fragment sizes were similar in the 85 kb plasmids isolated from 4 horse derived r. equi but, except apparently for the 28.3 and possibly 2.0 and 1.5 kb f ...	1995	8521357
pharmacokinetics and therapeutic potential for repeated oral doses of trimethoprim/sulphachlorpyridazine in horses.	the pharmacokinetic parameters of a powder formulation of trimethoprim/sulphachlorpyridazine were studied in eight healthy horses which received 5 mg/kg trimethoprim and 25 mg/kg sulphachlorpyridazine 12-hourly with concentrate for five days. the intake of the medicated concentrate by the horses was variable during the first two days, but after they became accustomed to the taste the intake by all the horses during the last three days was good. faecal samples taken before and on the last day of ...	1995	8578661
soil management enhancing hydrocarbon biodegradation in the polluted kuwaiti desert.	oil-polluted kuwaiti desert samples, exposed to the open air, were subjected to specific types of management, once every 2 weeks, throughout a year; control samples were not treated. the total amounts of extractable alkanes from the control samples remained fairly constant during the dry hot months, but decreased during the rainy months reaching, after 1 year, slightly more than one-half of the amount at zero time. this result demonstrates the self-cleaning of the kuwaiti desert and the essentia ...	1995	8579833
evaluation of the applicability of amplified rdna-restriction analysis (ardra) to identification of species of the genus corynebacterium.	the 16s rrna genes (rdna) of 50 strains belonging to 26 different coryneform bacterial species and genomospecies and of the type strain of rhodococcus equi were enzymatically amplified. amplified rdna restriction analysis (ardra) with the enzymes alui, cfoi and rsai was carried out. the combination of the ardra patterns obtained after restriction with these three different enzymes enabled the differentiation between the following species: corynebacterium accolens (number of strains = 2), c. afer ...	1995	8584787
[nosocomial infections: new agents, incidence, prevention].	nosocomial infection is one of the major health problems confronting clinicians in intensive care units. incidence has been estimated to vary from 5 to 10%, leading to death in one of every 5000 persons hospitalized. this situation is not however static since hospital epidemics and nosocomial infections evolve as a consequence of advances in antibiotic drug therapy and surgical and intensive care techniques. microbial investigations themselves are of major importance as the collection of epidemi ...	1995	7899352
sizing of the rhodococcus sp. r312 genome by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. localization of genes involved in nitrile degradation.	the two restriction enzymes asni and drai were found to produce dna fragment sizes that could be used for mapping the rhodococcus sp. r312 (formerly brevibacterium sp. r312) genome by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. asni produced 24 fragments (4 to 727 kb) and drai yielded 15 fragments (8.5 to 2400 kb). the fragment lengths in each digest were summed, indicating that the size of the chromosome ranged from 6.31 to 6.56 mb, with a mean of 6.44 mb. in addition, the wide-spectrum amidase gene (ami ...	1995	8546455
pathogenic nocardia isolated from clinical specimens including those of aids patients in thailand.	forty strains of nocardioform microorganisms were isolated as clinical specimens including several from aids patients in thailand. among them, 37 strains were found to belong to the genus nocardia. our identification studies revealed that most of the strains (25 strains) belong to the n. asteroides group, i.e., n. asteroides sensu stricto and n. farcinica. three strains were identified as n. otitidiscaviarum and two strains n. brasiliensis. in addition, 7 strains of rare pathogenic n. transvalen ...	1995	8549723
association with hela cells by rhodococcus equi with and without the virulence plasmid.	hela cell association was examined in eight rhodococcus equi isolates containing 80-85 kb plasmids and their plasmid negative derivatives, and in two other plasmid negative r. equi strains. seven of the eight plasmid positive strains possessed an 85 kb plasmid and produced the virulence-associated protein (vapa) detected by monoclonal antibody staining in immunoblots; one of the eight had an 80 kb plasmid but did not produce vapa. curing of the plasmids by repetitive subcultures at 42 degrees c ...	1995	8560735
sequential involvement of nk cells and cd8+ t cells in granuloma formation of rhodococcus aurantiacus-infected mice.	we investigated the effect of in vivo administration of antibodies against t-cell subsets and natural killer (nk) cells on endogenous gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) production and granuloma formation in rhodococcus aurantiacus-infected mice. high titers of endogenous ifn-gamma were detected in the extracts of the livers and spleens during 24 hr of the infection, reaching the peak at 8 hr, and the ifn-gamma production was reduced by in vivo administration of anti-nk 1.1 monoclonal antibody (mab) or ...	1995	8569535
empyema with malakoplakic-like lesions by rhodococcus equi as a presentation of hiv infection.	rhodococcus equi (corynebacterium equi) is an aerobic actinomycetes, well described as a cause of pulmonary infection in different animals as horses, pigs and cows. this pathogen has a coccobacillar aspect and a variable acid-fast stain in tissues. rare cases of human infection by rhodococcus species were described, the majority by rhodococcus equi, especially in patients with immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in advanced stages of the disease. usually the diagnosis of infections by rhodococcus s ...	1995	8868180
phylogenetic analysis of mycolic acid-containing wall-chemotype iv actinomycetes and allied taxa by partial sequencing of ribosomal protein at-l30.	the phylogenetic relationships among 30 mycolic acid-containing wall chemotype iv actinomycete strains and 12 strains belonging to allied taxa were examined by determining the amino acid sequences of the ribosomal at-l30 proteins of these organisms. sequencing 20 n-terminal amino acids of at-l30 preparations revealed that the members of the genera containing mycolic acid-containing actinomycetes form two clusters; the first cluster contains the genera nocardia, rhodococcus, gordona, and tsukamur ...	1995	7547284
phylogenetic analysis of the genus corynebacterium based on 16s rrna gene sequences.	the 16s rrna gene sequences of 30 strains representing 23 validated corynebacterium species and 7 currently non-valid corynebacterium species were determined. these sequences were aligned with the sequences of other corynebacterium species and related actinomycete taxa. a comparative sequence analysis revealed that there is considerable phylogenetic depth and internal structure in the genus corynebacterium. turicella otitidis and the amycolate species corynebacterium amycolatum were located at t ...	1995	7547291
phylogeny of the genus corynebacterium deduced from analyses of small-subunit ribosomal dna sequences.	we determined almost complete small-subunit ribosomal dna sequences of 50 reference strains belonging to the genera corynebacterium, rhodococcus, and gordona and compared these sequences with previously published sequences. three phylogenetic methods (the neighbor-joining, maximum-likelihood, and maximum-parsimony methods), as well as a bootstrap analysis, were used to assess the robustness of each topology which we obtained. the results of comparative phylogenetic analyses confirmed that the ge ...	1995	7547293
comparison of mycobacterium 23s rrna sequences by high-temperature reverse transcription and pcr.	we describe a modified rrna sequence analysis method which we used to determine the phylogenetic relationships among 58 species belonging to the genus mycobacterium. we combined the sensitivity of the reverse transcriptase pcr for amplifying nanogram amounts of template rrna material with the elevated extension temperatures used for the thermostable dna polymerase from thermus thermophilus. a 70 degrees c reverse transcription extension step permitted improved read-through of highly structured r ...	1995	7547304
assignment of the bacterial agent of urinary calculus in young rats by the comparative sequence analysis of the 16s rrna genes of corynebacteria.	comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing was used to assign four isolates of spontaneous urinary calculus in young laboratory rats. the phylogenetic relationships among the rat isolates and selected species of corynebacteria were also inferred. based on the homology and evolutionary distance analysis, the 16s rrna genes of the rat isolates were almost identical with that of corynebacterium renale atcc 19412. also the results of the phylogenetic analysis showed a close relationship among the isolates ...	1995	7548409
quinoline 2-oxidoreductase and 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline 5,6-dioxygenase from comamonas testosteroni 63. the first two enzymes in quinoline and 3-methylquinoline degradation.	the enzymes catalysing the first two steps of quinoline and 3-methylquinoline degradation by comamonas testosteroni 63 were investigated. quinoline 2-oxidoreductase, which catalyses the hydroxylation of (3-methyl-)quinoline to (3-methyl-)2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline, was purified to apparent homogeneity. the native enzyme, with a molecular mass of 360 kda, is composed of three non-identical subunits (87, 32, and 22 kda), occurring in a ratio of 1.16:1:0.83. containing fad, molybdenum, iron, and ac ...	1995	7556204
activation of protein kinase c by mycobacterial cord factor, trehalose 6-monomycolate, resulting in tumor necrosis factor-alpha release in mouse lung tissues.	cord factors are mycoloyl glycolipids in cell walls of bacteria belonging to actinomycetales, such as mycobacterium, nocardia and rhodococcus. they induce granuloma formation in the lung and interstitial pneumonitis, associated with production of macrophage-derived cytokines. we studied how cord factors induce biological activities in the cells. cord factors isolated from m. tuberculosis, trehalose 6-monomycolate (mtmm) and trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (mtdm), enhanced protein kinase c (pkc) activa ...	1995	7559098
plasmid prtl1 controlling 1-chloroalkane degradation by rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb13064.	rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb13064 can dehalogenate and use a wide range of 1-haloalkanes as sole carbon and energy source. the 1-chloroalkane degradation phenotype may be lost by cells spontaneously or after treatment with mitomycin c. two laboratory derivatives of the original strain exhibited differing degrees of stability of the chloroalkane degradation marker. plasmids of approximately 100 kbp (prtl1) and 80 kbp (prtl2) have been found in r. rhodochrous ncimb13064. prtl1 was shown to be car ...	1995	7568468
the sulphydryl-activated cytolysin and a sphingomyelinase c are the major membrane-damaging factors involved in cooperative (camp-like) haemolysis of listeria spp.	the negative mutant approach was used in this study to identify listerial cytolytic factors involved in cooperative haemolysis (camp-like phenomenon) with staphylococcus aureus and rhodococcus equi. a listeria monocytogenes non-haemolytic mutant specifically impaired in listeriolysin o (llo) production gave no camp reaction with s. aureus, and was virtually camp-negative with r. equi, indicating that the listerial sulphydryl-activated toxin played a major role in cooperative haemolysis. this was ...	1995	7569324
sequence and molecular characterization of a dna region encoding the dibenzothiophene desulfurization operon of rhodococcus sp. strain igts8.	dibenzothiophene (dbt), a model compound for sulfur-containing organic molecules found in fossil fuels, can be desulfurized to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-hbp) by rhodococcus sp. strain igts8. complementation of a desulfurization (dsz) mutant provided the genes from rhodococcus sp. strain igts8 responsible for desulfurization. a 6.7-kb taqi fragment cloned in escherichia coli-rhodococcus shuttle vector prr-6 was found to both complement this mutation and confer desulfurization to rhodococcus fascians, ...	1995	7574582
multiple genes encoding 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase in the gram-positive polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis ta421, isolated from a termite ecosystem.	rhodococcus erythropolis ta421 was isolated from a termite ecosystem and is able to degrade a wide range of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners. genetic and biochemical analyses of the pcb catabolic pathway of this organism revealed that there are four different bphc genes (bphc1, bphc2, bphc3, and bphc4) which encode 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenases. as determined by southern hybridization, none of the bphc genes exhibits homology to any other bphc gene. bphc1, bphc2, and bphc4 encode en ...	1995	7574595
characterization of the rhodococcus sp. ni86/21 gene encoding alcohol: n,n'-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline oxidoreductase inducible by atrazine and thiocarbamate herbicides.	a protein with a mol.mass of 51,000 (thce) that was induced in rhodococcus sp. ni86/21 during assimilation of thiocarbamate herbicides, atrazine, ethanol, propanol, glycerol, propionaldehyde or ethanolamine was identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis. the thce gene was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence revealed thce as a member of group iii alcohol dehydrogenases. thce displayed strong homology with sequenced subunit fragments of the homodecameric n,n'-dimethyl-4-nitros ...	1995	7575099
an improved escherichia coli-rhodococcus shuttle vector and plasmid transformation in rhodococcus spp. using electroporation.	the genetic studies of metabolically diverse rhodococcus spp. have been hampered by the lack of a system of introducing exogenous dna. the authors improved an existing escherichia coli-rhodococcus shuttle vector (pmvs301) by removing much of the dna not needed for replication and adding a multicloning site. this improved vector (pbs305) is 7.9 kb in length. its ability to transform rhodococcus was tested using electroporation parameters optimized for introduction of pmvs301 into rhodococcus. tra ...	1995	7576519
dehalogenation of haloalkanes by rhodococcus erythropolis y2. the presence of an oxygenase-type dehalogenase activity complements that of an halidohydrolase activity.	rhodococcus erythropolis y2 produced two types of dehalogenase: a hydrolytic enzyme, that is an halidohydrolase, which was induced by c3 to c6 1-haloalkane substrates, and at least one oxygenase-type dehalogenase induced by c7 to c16 1-haloalkanes and n-alkanes. the oxygenase-type activity dehalogenated c4 to c18 1-chloroalkanes with an optimum activity towards 1-chlorotetradecane. the halidohydrolase catalysed the dehalogenation of a wide range of 1- and alpha,omega-disubstituted haloalkanes an ...	1995	7579998
pathogenesis of rhodococcus equi infection in mice: roles of virulence plasmids and granulomagenic activity of bacteria.	virulence of rhocococcus equi atcc 33701 and its plasmid-cured derivative atcc 33701p- was compared in balb/c and c3h/hej mice in terms of bacterial growth kinetics and histological changes in the liver, spleen and lungs, and humoral immune responses. injection with a sublethal dose of 10(6) atcc 33701 in mice resulted in microabscess formation after rapid multiplication in the liver and spleen by day 4, and then the bacteria were gradually eliminated with the formation of granuloma and the prod ...	1995	7581269
the first characterization of a eubacterial proteasome: the 20s complex of rhodococcus.	the 26s proteasome is the central protease of the ubiquitin-dependent pathway of protein degradation. the proteolytic core of the complex is formed by the 20s proteasome, a cylinder-shaped particle that in archaebacteria contains two different subunits (alpha and beta) and in eukaryotes contains fourteen different subunits (seven of the alpha-type and seven of the beta-type).	1995	7583123
antimicrobial activity of cefotaxime tested against infrequently isolated pathogenic species (unusual pathogens).	the cefotaxime sodium spectrum of activity is very broad and includes many common species and a variety of less frequently isolated pathogens. we have reviewed the clinical microbiology literature (44 references) and the data base of the university of iowa hospitals and clinics (iowa city, ia) to collect data on the activity of cefotaxime against the less common species. cefotaxime was consistently active against actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, capnocytophaga spp., eikenella corrodens, ery ...	1995	7587049
sequence and expression of the bpdc1c2bade genes involved in the initial steps of biphenyl/chlorobiphenyl degradation by rhodococcus sp. m5.	the nucleotide (nt) sequence of the bpdc1c2bade genes which encode the first three enzymes in the biphenyl (bp) degradation pathway of gram+ rhodococcus sp. m5 (formerly arthrobacter m5) was determined. except for the ferredoxin component (bpdb) of the initial bp dioxygenase, the predicted amino acid (aa) sequences of the remaining proteins are found to be more closely related to the counterpart proteins (todc1c2bade) present in the toluene-degrader, pseudomonas putida f1, than those of three bp ...	1995	7590299
cloning and expression of the s-triazine hydrolase gene (trza) from rhodococcus corallinus and development of rhodococcus recombinant strains capable of dealkylating and dechlorinating the herbicide atrazine.	we used degenerate oligodeoxyribonucleotides derived from the n-terminal sequence of the s-triazine hydrolase from rhodococcus corallinus nrrl b-15444r in an amplification reaction to isolate a dna segment containing a 57-bp fragment from the trza gene. by using the nucleotide sequence of this fragment, a nondegenerate oligodeoxyribonucleotide was synthesized and used to screen a genomic library of r. corallinus dna for fragments containing trza. a 5.3-kb psti fragment containing trza was cloned ...	1995	7592318
identification of virulence-associated antigens and plasmids in rhodococcus equi from patients with aids.	rhodococcus equi is an emerging opportunistic pathogen of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. however, little is known about the characteristics of r. equi isolates from humans. this study characterized the plasmid content, expression of a virulence-associated antigen, and mouse virulence of 19 r. equi isolates from patients with and without aids. ecori digestion patterns and southern, western, and virulence analyses of these isolates with cryptic plasmids allowed definition of a new ...	1995	7594668
case reports: pericarditis and lymphadenitis due to rhodococcus equi.	most patients with rhodococcus equi infection are immunocompromised by either hiv infection, malignancy, or medication. diagnosis is frequently missed or delayed because the organisms, resembling diphtheroids on smears, may be regarded as contaminants. their clinical, pathologic, histochemical, and microbiologic resemblance to mycobacteria can result in misdiagnosis. two cases were seen recently in our institution. r. equi pericarditis developed in a 29-year-old woman with failed renal transplan ...	1995	7604837
pseudomonas aeruginosa aliphatic amidase is related to the nitrilase/cyanide hydratase enzyme family and cys166 is predicted to be the active site nucleophile of the catalytic mechanism.	a database search indicated homology between some members of the nitrilase/cyanide hydratase family, pseudomonas aeruginosa and rhodococcus erythropolis amidases and several other proteins, some of unknown function. block and profile searches confirmed these relationships and showed that four regions of the p. aeruginosa amidase had significant homology with corresponding regions of nitrilases. a phylogenetic tree placed the p. aeruginosa and r. erythropolis amidases in a group with nitrilases b ...	1995	7607322
cytokine modulation alters pulmonary clearance of rhodococcus equi and development of granulomatous pneumonia.	rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular bacterium, causes chronic, often fatal granulomatous pneumonia in young horses and in humans with aids. the inability of host alveolar macrophages to kill intracellular r. equi results in the development of granulomas and progressive loss of pulmonary parenchyma. clearance of the organism from the lung requires functional cd4+ t cells. the purpose of this study was to identify the cytokine effector mechanisms that mediate clearance of r. equi from th ...	1995	7622227
[pneumonia and bone marrow infection with rhodococcus equi in an aids patient].		1995	7623501
[susceptibility of bacterial isolates from the equine respiratory tract to trimethoprim, sulfadoxine, sulfadimethoxine and combinations of these compounds].	using a broth microdilution technique, the in vitro susceptibility of bacterial isolates from the equine respiratory tract to trimethoprim, sulfadoxine, sulfadimethoxine, and combinations of these compounds was determined. the bacterial strains (n = 88) isolated recently from horses with respiratory symptoms belonged to the following species: streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (n = 34), streptococcus equi subsp. equi (n = 22), staphylococcus aureus (n = 9), klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 7), rh ...	1995	7624856
another cause of endobronchial lesions found in hiv patients.		1995	7634912
characterization by arbitrary primer polymerase chain reaction of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-degrading strains of comamonas testosteroni isolated from pcb-contaminated soil.	in this study, we isolated and characterized biphenyl (bp) and polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) degrading bacterial strains found in pcb-contaminated soil from an auto manufacturing plant located in syracuse, new york. twenty-one bp and pcb-degrading bacteria were randomly selected to form a representative sample of the bacterial population present at the site. of the 21 bacteria, 13 were identified as comamonas testosteroni, constituting about 60% of the bacterial population examined. other pcb d ...	1995	7641143
aliphatic nitrilase from a soil-isolated comamonas testosteroni sp.: gene cloning and overexpression, purification and primary structure.	an aliphatic nitrilase, active on adiponitrile and cyanovaleric acid, was identified and purified from comamonas testosteroni sp. (ct). oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes were designed from limited amino acid (aa) sequence information and used to clone the corresponding gene, named nita. high homologies were found at the aa level between ct nitrilase and the sequences of known nitrilases. multi-alignment of sequenced nitrilases suggests that cys163 of ct plays an essential role in the active site. ...	1995	7642130