Publications

reaction of the nitroxyl radical tan with glutathione.		1990	213396
the physiological and psychological effects of the expression and inhibition of emotion.	previous work has indicated that humor enhances immunity, but the immunological effects of overt crying have not been studied. thirty-nine women viewed sad and humorous videotapes and either inhibited or expressed overt expressions of laughter and weeping; these were observed and timed. moods and immunity (s-iga) were repeatedly measured. the humorous stimulus resulted in improved immunity, regardless of the overt laughter expressed; overt crying was immunosuppressive, whereas the inhibition of ...	1990	2271804
[genetic manipulation research at department of molecular biology university of edinburgh (author's transl)].		1990	267957
[correlation between physical load, sympathicus activity and prostaglandins of groups a + e and f in healthy individuals (author's transl)].		1990	213194
haematological investigation in neonates.		1990	2271791
effect of the canadian air force training programme on a submaximal exercise test.	validation of the submaximal heart rate/oxygen consumption relationship as an index of 'cardiorespiratory fitness' requires the demonstration of systematic alterations in this relationship concomitant with interventions designed to alter physical fitness. to fulfil those criteria a longitudinal training/de-training study was undertaken. previously sedentary adult subjects undertook the canadian airforce 5bx-xbx exercise programme. submaximal exercise tests were performed before and after trainin ...	1990	258828
antigenic conservation of primary structural regions of s-adenosylmethionine synthetase.	although the physical and kinetic properties of s-adenosylmethionine (adomet) synthetases from different sources are quite different, it appears that these enzymes have structurally or antigenically conserved regions as demonstrated by studies with adomet synthetase specific antibodies. polyclonal anti-human lymphocyte adomet synthetase crossreacted with enzyme from rat liver (beta isozyme), escherichia coli and yeast. in addition, polyclonal anti-e. coli enzyme and antibodies to synthetic pepti ...	1990	1698095
transient cytokeratin expression in skeletal muscle during murine embryogenesis.	cytokeratin expression was investigated in paravertebral skeletal musculature of 10 d and 18 d old embryos as well as in adult nmri-mice. the muscular nature of the evaluated tissue was evidenced by their expression of vimentin and desmin. binding moieties for cytokeratin antibodies (polyclonal and monoclonal) could be demonstrated only in muscle cells of 10 d old embryos. concerning subtypes, the mouse equivalents of the human cytokeratins nos. 8, 18 and 19 could be made probable. the importanc ...	1990	1698345
role of plasmids in virulence-associated attributes and in o-antigen expression in shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains.	the association of plasmids with virulence characters and o-antigen expression was studied in two virulent and seven avirulent mutant strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1. deletion of a 12-mda segment from a 140-mda plasmid in two smooth avirulent mutants made the derivatives avirulent in the sereny test and non-invasive in hela cells. the mutants were unable to bind congo red, and did not express the virulence marker antigen. mutants completely lacking the 140-mda plasmid also showed similar ...	1990	1700125
characterization of shigella dysenteriae serotypes 11, 12, and 13.	we conducted serologic and biochemical studies on strains of three provisional shigella serotypes. included were 19 strains of serotype 3873-50 from three countries (1 from mexico, 1 from netherlands antilles, and 17 from the united states), 13 strains of serotype 3341-55 from three countries (1 from canada, 1 from bulgaria, and 11 from the united states), and 19 strains of serotype 19809-73 from two countries (16 from israel and 3 from the united states). reactions of these strains with homolog ...	1990	1701447
distribution of insertion sequence is200 in salmonella and shigella.	two dna probes for the detection of insertion sequence is200 by either southern blotting or colony hybridization were constructed. one of the probes is a 300 bp ecori-hindiii fragment of is200 cloned onto pbluescript ks(+); the other is a tail-to-tail dimer of the same fragment cloned onto puc19. a survey of the presence of is200 among enteric bacteria revealed that more than 90% of the pathogenic or food-poisoning isolates of salmonella spp. examined contained one or more copies of insertion se ...	1990	1964174
production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies with therapeutic potential against shiga toxin.	four monoclonal antibodies (t2d1, t3b1, t7b2 and t4c4) were produced and characterized against sh. dysenteriae type 1. these monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) were shown to be directed against the same or adjacent determinants on the a-subunit of the shiga toxin. all the anti-shiga toxin mcabs are igg1 (kappa) antibodies and have the capacity to neutralize the cytotoxic and neurotoxic effects of the shiga toxin: the data strongly suggest that both of the activities, associated with the toxin, are du ...	1990	1966939
pivmecillinam-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 infection in bangladesh.		1990	1972232
[recurrent thromboembolism disclosing protein c deficiency. apropos of a case with familial investigation].	every thromboembolic manifestation, especially in young subjects, calls for an aetiological study in which haemostasis is evaluated primarily with assays of physiological coagulation inhibitors: protein c, protein s and antithrombin iii. protein c deficiency is found in 6 to 7% of thromboembolic manifestations. we report the case of a 21-year old man who had phlebitis followed by pulmonary embolism without facilitating factors. protein c level was 50% of normal value (0.50 iu/ml). the patient re ...	1990	2075365
[the drug resistance and dna plasmid profiles of shigella dysenteriae 1 in the ussr and abroad].	the medicinal resistance and plasmid profiles of 62 s. dysenteriae strains 1, isolated in the ussr in 1986-1988 from soviet and foreign citizens (from afghanistan, vietnam) and 8 strains obtained from india in 1987 were studied. pronounced similarity between the phenotypes of medicinal, including conjugative, resistance in the strains of soviet and foreign origin was established. in the soviet s. dysenteriae strains 1 the presence of two main types of plasmid dna profiles (140, 6, 4, 2 md and 14 ...	1990	2075761
shiga-like toxin and haemolytic-uraemia syndrome.		1990	2080009
[aminoacyl-trna synthetases (codases) and their noncanonical functions].	the aim of this review is to summarize the data obtained in the author's laboratory during the last decade. the main objects of these investigations were mammalian aminoacyl-trna synthetases, mainly bovine tryptophanyl-trna synthetase (ec 6.1.1.2). the data are discussed and compared with those described in literature. in the course of these studies it turned out that some properties of mammalian aminoacyl-trna synthetases for instance, nuclear location of some of the synthetases, presence of ex ...	1990	2094804
[the characteristics of the biological properties of shigella dysenteriae 1 circulating in the ussr and india: its biochemical activity and agglutinability].	the properties of 71 s. dysenteriae 1 strains isolated from patients in the ussr and india in 1986-1988 were studied. the cultures possessed typical biochemical and serological properties. as revealed in this investigation, high fastidiousness of this infective agent to the quality of synthetic nutrient could become the cause of false negative reactions in different substrates used for the identification of enterobacteria, thus leading to diagnostic mistakes. the variability of the biochemical a ...	1990	2097846
outbreak of dysentery due to nalidixic acid resistant s. dysenteriae 1 at agartala, tripura: a hospital based study.	during the epidemic of bacillary dysentery at agartala, tripura, a total of 62 hospitalized patients suffering from diarrhoeal diseases were studied during the later part (11-16 june, 1988) of the epidemic. principal features of shigellosis cases were discussed. of these 62 cases investigated, 19(30.6%) cases had the mucoid diarrhoea. from them s.dysenteriae type 1 and s.flexneri had been recovered from 31.6% and 10.5% cases, respectively. all the strains of s.dysenteriae type 1 isolated during ...	1990	2101382
multidrug resistant epidemic shigellosis in a village in west bengal, 1984.	an out break of acute bacillary dysentery in a village called dhamasin in hooghly district of west bengal was investigated during march 1984. forty seven percent of families were affected. a total of 91 cases and 2 deaths occurred amongst 937 people giving an over all attack rate of 9.7% and a case fatality rate of 2.2 percent. highest attack rate (22.7%) was observed in below one year age group. multiple drug resistant shigella dysentery type 1 strains were isolated for the first time from 6 ou ...	1990	2101383
construction and evaluation of live attenuated vaccine strains of shigella flexneri and shigella dysenteriae 1.	shigellosis is an invasive disease of the human colon which is particularly prevalent among children of the developing world. no proper vaccine is available to protect against this enteric disease. it is currently accepted that only live strains with attenuated virulence administered orally may elicit protective immunity at the level of the colonic mucosa, which is the exclusive site of multiplication of causative microorganisms such as shigella flexneri and shigella dysenteriae 1. we have const ...	1990	2101481
improved sectioning and ultrastructure of bacteria and animal cells embedded in lowicryl.	lowicryl k4m-embedded gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria have a tendency to separate between the cell surface and the resin. this often leads to distortion of bacteria and more especially of mycobacteria. we describe attempts made to overcome this technical problem. different assays were made on bacillus subtilis, escherichia coli, and mycobacterium avium: 1) modification of the bacterial surface by coating of bacteria with proteinic compounds; 2) treatment of bacteria with metallic salts ...	1990	2110246
[experience in using new drug preparations for treating adult patients with acute intestinal infections].	ciprofloxacin (bayer, frg), a derivative of hydroxyquinolone acid, was used for the treatment of patients with shigellosis and salmonellosis and for the sanitation of salmonella carriers. the drug turned out to exert a positive effect on bacteriological sanitation of the body. in order to treat patients with food toxinfection of unknown etiology, use was made of intetrix (farmacos, socialist federal republic of yugoslavia). inclusion of the drug into combined treatment of patients with food toxi ...	1990	2110389
immunodetection of lipopolysaccharide in macrophages during the processing of non invasive shigella dysenteriae.	the location of lipopolysaccharide (lps) was studied by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy in macrophages infected with a non-invasive shigella dysenteriae 1 strain. bacterial degradation began only 3 h after the end of infection. the first visible sign of degradation was detected by immunogold labelling at the level of lps which detached from the bacterial surface and was transferred to the perinuclear lysosomes. after a few hours, it was found in small vesicles spread over the wh ...	1990	2129020
in vitro diffusion of lidocaine across endotracheal tube cuffs.	smooth emergence from general endotracheal anesthesia is frequently complicated by coughing induced by stimulation from an endotracheal tube. lidocaine and other local anesthetics have been shown to anesthetize important rapidly adpating stretch receptors in the dog trachea. with the aim of providing a reservoir for continuous lidocaine release to adjacent tracheal tissue, we examined the ability of clinically used concentrations of lidocaine to diffuse across a commonly used endotracheal tube c ...	1990	2275911
[hepato-renal polycystic disease and liver hydatidosis (a rare association)].	a case is presented of a patient with polycystic kidneys and familial history of this disease who was from a zone of hydatid endemism. the patient had a hepatic mass compatible with hydatid cyst. diagnoses by imaging, like echography and cat, confirmed it, aside from evidencing polycystic liver disease. there was operative and anatomopathologic confirmation of both diseases of the liver. after a review of the bibliography that shows a scant incidence of this concomitance, some remarks are offere ...	1990	2346686
kinetics of "p"-site-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and the requirements for substrate.	the kinetics of "p"-site-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase was studied with the detergent-solubilized enzyme from rat brain. mn2(+)-activated adenylyl cyclase exhibited typical noncompetitive inhibition by 2'-d3'-amp or 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine (2',5'-ddado). however, enzyme that was preactivated with guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) (gtp gamma s) or proteolytically with ninhibin (+ gtp gamma s) exhibited apparently uncompetitive inhibition with either 2'-d3'-amp or 2',5'-ddado and with e ...	1990	2365688
two unrelated cases of single maxillary central incisor with 7q terminal deletion.	two unrelated cases of single maxillary central incisor (sm-ci) with 7q terminal deletion of the same breakpoint at 7q36.1 were described. they had mental retardation, microcephaly, hypotelorism, short stature, and normal levels of plasma growth hormone. one case had bilateral caudal ectopic kidneys, double renal pelves, and dilated ureters. the other had bilateral hydroureteronephrosis. the present cases suggest that 7q terminal deletion is one of the causes of smci.	1990	2094780
kinetic analysis of 3-quinuclidinyl 4-[125i]iodobenzilate transport and specific binding to muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in rat brain in vivo: implications for human studies.	radioiodinated r- and s-quinuclidinyl derivatives of rs-benzilate (r- and s-125iqnb) have been synthesized for quantitative evaluation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor binding in vivo. two sets of experiments were performed in rats. the first involved determining the metabolite-corrected blood concentration and tissue distribution of tracer r-iqnb (active enantiomer) and s-iqnb (inactive enantiomer) in brain 1 min to 26 h after intravenous injection. the second involved the measurement of br ...	1990	2134838
effects of chronic non-ketotic diabetes and aging on myocardial function and fatty acid oxidation.	the effects of aging and chronic non-ketotic diabetes on contractile properties, oxygen consumption, palmitate oxidation and morphology were studied in isolated, perfused working hearts of 2, 9, 12 and 22 month old rats. the heart rate, coronary flow, and oxygen consumption were no different among the 9, 12 and 22 month control and diabetic hearts. cardiac work was not depressed in control hearts until 22 months of age. depression of cardiac output due to aging in the control hearts progressed i ...	1990	2141842
mechanism of the vasodilator action of pinacidil.	the mechanism of the vasodilator action of pinacidil has been studied in rat mesenteric small arteries. the results show, first, that the use of flux studies to make measurements of ion permeability requires knowledge of the membrane potential, especially as regards k+ permeability. second, the results confirm that the vasodilator effect of pinacidil is due to an increase in k+ permeability. lastly, the results suggest that the k+ channels involved are sensitive to glibenclamide.	1990	2242449
in vitro diffusion of lidocaine across endotracheal tube cuffs.	smooth emergence from general endotracheal anesthesia is frequently complicated by coughing induced by stimulation from an endotracheal tube. lidocaine and other local anesthetics have been shown to anesthetize important rapidly adpating stretch receptors in the dog trachea. with the aim of providing a reservoir for continuous lidocaine release to adjacent tracheal tissue, we examined the ability of clinically used concentrations of lidocaine to diffuse across a commonly used endotracheal tube c ...	1990	2275911
correlation between beta 2-microglobulin and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in plasma of individuals living in a malarial endemic region.	beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) levels were related to the expected immunoprotection in 81 individuals living in a malarial mesoendemic area near bobo-dioulasso (burkina faso), who were longitudinally followed. soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sil-2r) levels were positively correlated to those of beta 2m (r = 0.44; n = 237; p less than 0.001). this suggests that most of the beta 2m could have originated from activated t and b cell membrane turnover. in our study, both beta 2m and sil-2r were inver ...	1990	2242964
fatty streak development in the vicinity of aortic coarctations in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.	the influence of altered local hemodynamics on fatty streak development in rabbits fed high cholesterol diets was investigated. an aortic coarctation was created in the abdominal aorta of nine rabbits by placing a partially constricting gold or silver band (1.7 mm x 10 mm) around the aorta between the renal arteries and aortic bifurcation. controls were 20 rabbits; seven sham operated and 13 unoperated rabbits. the abdominal aorta 1-2 cm proximal to the coarctation showed lipid deposition involv ...	1990	2271758
[role of protons and bicarbonate in adaptative gastric cytoprotection].	the unknown mechanism of adaptative gastric cytoprotection (agc) induced by 20% ethanol and subsequent injury with 70% ethanol was studied in wistar rats. pretreatment with indomethacin or hgii2 did not prevent the agc, there suggesting that neither endogenous pgs nor gastric mucus take part in its mechanism. on the other hand, ranitidine pretreatment blocked and even aggravated the damage induced by ethanol-ethanol. in contrast, the latter phenomenon was reverted by 20% acidified ethanol. it is ...	1990	2275313
role of bacterial and host factors in the pathogenesis of shigella septicemia.	to determine the role of bacterial and host factors in the pathogenesis of shigellemia, blood and fecal shigella isolates were compared for serum resistance and siderophore production, and shigellemic patients were examined for decreased serum bactericidal activity or increased serum transferrin saturation compared to control patients with non-bacteremic shigellosis. the majority of both blood (36/38) and fecal (36/48) shigella isolates were sensitive to normal serum (greater than 2 log kill/60 ...	1990	2373088
a method for detecting shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin-i in pure and mixed culture.	shiga toxin and shiga-like toxins (slts, syn. verotoxins) are currently detected by tissue culture assays that are expensive, time-consuming and require specialised facilities and experienced personnel. we have developed a rapid method to detect shiga toxin and slt-i (verotoxin 1) based on their binding to globotriosyl ceramide (gb3). bound toxin was then detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with monoclonal antibodies. the direct detection of cytotoxins from pure culture plat ...	1990	2391709
functional analysis of the shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin type ii variant binding subunits by using site-directed mutagenesis.	the b subunit of shiga toxin and the shiga-like toxins (slts) mediates receptor binding, cytotoxic specificity, and extracellular localization of the holotoxin. while the functional receptor for shiga toxin, slt type i (slt-i), and slt-ii is the glycolipid designated gb3, slt-ii variant (slt-iiv) may use a different glycolipid receptor. to identify the domains responsible for receptor binding, localization in escherichia coli, and recognition by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, oligonucleotid ...	1990	2404947
the colon in shigellosis: serial colonoscopic appearances in shigella dysenteriae i.	twenty-five patients (16 males and 9 females; mean age 24.7 +/- 8.4 years) with acute colitis caused by shigella dysenteriae i were studied, a total of 115 colonoscopic examinations being performed. twenty-two patients had weekly colonoscopic examinations until the last procedure revealed normal colonic mucosa. six abnormal colonoscopic appearances were documented, namely mucosal edema, ulcers, friability, punctate spots, erythematous areas and luminal exudate. mucosal edema was the dominant fin ...	1990	2407526
h(+)-stimulated release of prostaglandin e2 and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphoric acid and their relationship to bone resorption in neonatal mouse calvaria cultures.	the addition of protons to the medium of neonatal mouse calvaria cultures stimulated bone resorption and release of calcium into the medium. in addition, added protons significantly increased the release of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphoric acid (camp) from the bones. indomethacin significantly inhibited the release of calcium, pge2 and camp from proton-treated cultures. the positive control, parathyroid hormone (pth)-treated cultures, also gave rise to bone resor ...	1990	1964815
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin ii using p1 glycoprotein from hydatid cysts.	shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains and shiga-like toxins (slt) i and ii from escherichia coli bind to terminal alpha-d-galp-(1----4)-d-galp containing glycolipids. hydatid cyst fluid isolated from sheep infected with echinococcus granulosus contains a glycoprotein (p1gp) with a terminal alpha-d-galp-(1----4)-d-galp disaccharide. preparations of p1gp were shown to interact directly with shiga toxin and to inhibit the binding and cytotoxicity of shiga toxin to hela cells. a sandw ...	1990	2295845
death in shigellosis: incidence and risk factors in hospitalized patients.	the total number of admissions and deaths of patients with shigellosis were ascertained at the dhaka treatment centre of the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh, 1974-1988, and the characteristics of 67 patients who died were compared with those of 134 discharged alive. of 9780 shigella-infected inpatients, 889 (9.1%) died; 32.3% of deaths occurred in children less than 1 year of age. fatality rates were highest (10.3%) in shigella sonnei-infected patients and lowest ...	1990	2313128
[bacillary dysentery--1988].		1990	2251385
[bacteriology and epidemiology of shigellas isolated at the army hospital in djibouti].	in a space of 26 months 108 shigellas were isolated from 104 patients with sporadic and benign diseases. 90% of the subjects were young french. both s. dysenteriae and s. boydii make up 21% of the strains studied. 13% of the germs are multiresistance. multiresistance can enhance development of serious sickness if a virulent strain comes in.	1990	2263188
survey of enteropathogenic agents in children with and without diarrhoea in ghana.	a survey was carried out over 1 year in a rural area of ghana on the isolation, detection and/or identification of enteric pathogens from children under 5 years of age with and without diarrhoea. the isolation and detection rate of shigella flexneri, shigella dysenteriae, giardia lamblia and rotavirus were higher in children with diarrhoea than in controls. yersinia enterocolitica, vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus were not isolated during the period of this survey. the incidence of ot ...	1990	2270006
[antibiotic resistance of shigella isolated in the kara-kalpak a.s.s.r. 1987-1988].	sensitivity of shigella spp. isolated in one of the hospitals of nukus within 1987-1988 and earlier in 1977 and 1985 was studied. s. flexneri 1-5 remained the main causative agents of dysentery on the territory. however, beginning from 1987 there were registered cases of dysentery caused by s. dysenteriae 1. the isolates were most sensitive to cefotaxime, cephaloridine, polymyxin b and gentamicin. the majority of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, levomycetin (chloramphenicol) and stre ...	1990	2144726
transposition in shigella dysenteriae: isolation and analysis of is911, a new member of the is3 group of insertion sequences.	twenty-nine clear-plaque mutants of bacteriophage lambda were isolated from a shigella dysenteriae lysogen. three were associated with insertions in the ci gene: two were due to insertion of is600, and the third resulted from insertion of a new element, is911. is911 is 1,250 base pairs (bp) long, carries 27-bp imperfect terminal inverted repeats, and generates 3-bp duplications of the target dna on insertion. it was found in various copy numbers in all four species of shigella tested and in esch ...	1990	2163395
associations of escherichia coli k-12 ompf trimers with rough and smooth lipopolysaccharides.	the associations of both rough and smooth lipopolysaccharides (lps) with the ompf porin of escherichia coli k-12 were examined in gale strains deleted for ompc. transformation with pss37 and growth with galactose conferred the ability to assemble a shigella dysenteriae o antigen onto the core oligosaccharide of e. coli k-12 lps. the association of lps with ompf trimers was assessed by staining, autoradiography of lps specifically labeled with [1-14c]galactose, and western immunoblotting with a m ...	1990	2168378
neutralization of poliovirus by cell receptors expressed in insect cells.	to examine the interaction of the poliovirus receptor (pvr) with virus and the role of the pvr in virus entry, the pvr was expressed in insect cells. poliovirus bound to insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus (acpvr) carrying cdna encoding the pvr. antibodies raised against pvr expressed in bacteria immunoprecipitated a 67-kilodalton polypeptide from cytoplasmic extracts of acpvr-infected cells. treatment of acpvr-infected cells with tunicamycin revealed that the pvr is a glycoprot ...	1990	2168959
[shiga and shiga-like toxins].		1990	2173117
trimethoprim resistance gene in shigella dysenteriae 1 isolates obtained from widely scattered locations of asia.	trimethoprim-resistance genes of shigella dysenteriae 1 strains, isolated from a different location of six different countries of asia over a 5-year period were characterized by using three different dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene probes. the trimethoprim-resistant (tmpr) strains hybridized only with the type i dhfr gene probe by colony hybridization. none of the strains hybridized with types ii and iii dhfr gene probes. southern blot experiments using plasmid dna extracted from these resis ...	1990	2182327
rapid and specific detection of verotoxin genes in escherichia coli by the polymerase chain reaction.	a set of four synthetic oligonucleotide probes derived from sequences of the vt1 (shiga-like toxin i [slt-i]) and vt2 (slt-ii) genes were used in a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification procedure to detect these genes in some enteric pathogens. a total of 40 verotoxin-producing escherichia coli strains and 43 isolates of other recognized enteric pathogens were studied. pcr amplification products identifying the vt1 and vt2 gene sequences were observed only in nucleic acid extracted from ...	1990	2182671
[antibiotic resistance of strains of shigella dysenteriae and flexneri isolated in tananarive and on the east coast of madagascar].	from november 1988 to march 1989, stools from 804 malagasy children were examined, thirty-seven strains of shigella were isolated, from which 5 s. dysenteriae serotype 1 (= shiga bacillus) strains were found to be resistant to ampicillin, carbenicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, sulphonamide and even to trimethoprim. resistance to trimethoprim has appeared only recently in madagascar.	1990	2190702
dna sequence analysis of pgla and mechanism of export of its polygalacturonase product from pseudomonas solanacearum.	the pgla gene encodes a 52-kilodalton extracellular polygalacturonase (pga) which is associated with the phytopathogenic virulence of pseudomonas solanacearum. the nucleotide sequence of pgla and the putative amino acid sequence of the pga protein were determined. a computer search identified a 150-residue region of pga which was similar (41%) to the amino acid sequence of a region of the pg-2a polygalacturonase from tomato. comparison of the amino terminus of the pgla open reading frame with th ...	1990	2193922
comparative study of attachment to and invasion of epithelial cell lines by shigella dysenteriae.	henle 407 and hela cells were compared as hosts for shigella dysenteriae at a low multiplicity of infection. efficiency of attachment and invasion without centrifugation, as well as selectivity for pathogenic over nonpathogenic s. dysenteriae without congo red, were much greater for henle 407 cells than for hela cells.	1990	2194970
production of shiga-like toxin among escherichia coli strains and other bacteria isolated from diarrhea in são paulo, brazil.	an elevated level of shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) production was found in 1 of 466 escherichia coli strains studied. among the 34 sonic lysates obtained from classical enteropathogenic e. coli, 5 produced slt-i. the aeromonas, citrobacter, edwardsiella, enterobacter, klebsiella, proteus, providencia, pseudomonas, salmonella, serratia, shigella, yersinia, and vibrio strains also studied were not slt producers, except for a shigella dysenteriae type 1 strain. although slt-i-producing e. coli strains ...	1990	2199511
polymerase chain reaction for detection of invasive shigella flexneri in food.	the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify a 760-base-pair (bp) fragment with the 220-kbp invasive plasmids of enteroinvasive escherichia coli, shigella flexneri, shigella dysenteriae, shigella boydii, and shigella sonnei as templates. this pcr product was easily detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. a 210-bp acci-psti fragment lying within the amplified region was used as a probe in southern hybridization blots and showed that the pcr-generated product was derived from the invas ...	1990	2200336
epidemiology of shigellosis in teknaf, a coastal area of bangladesh: a 10-year survey.	the epidemiological data on shigellosis in teknaf, a coastal area of bangladesh, were reviewed for a 10-year period (1975-84). certain similarities and differences were observed in the epidemiology of the disease in teknaf when compared with urban dhaka and rural matlab. similarities included: round-the-year infection with two peaks, one in the monsoon period and the other in the winter period; high male to female attendance ratio at the treatment centre; the predominance of infection in the und ...	1990	2200700
plasmid profile analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of shigella isolates from nigeria.	in an epidemiological survey, plasmid profiles and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 100 shigella isolates in lagos, nigeria was done. all the isolates were sensitive to nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin and ciprofloxacin. the commonest antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was resistance to ampicillin, colistin sulphate, co-trimoxazole, streptomycin and tetracycline. all but 4 of 100 isolates screened contained one or more plasmids. plasmid profile analysis distinguished more strains than did ...	1990	2200702
plasmid profiles of antibiotic-resistant shigella dysenteriae types 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 isolated in ethiopia during 1976-85.	plasmid profile analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis was carried out on 37 drug-resistant strains of shigella dysenteriae types 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7. these strains were collected between 1976 and 1985 in addis ababa, ethiopia. the plasmid profile of s. dysenteriae type 2 strains with r-type cssut did not show middle-sized plasmids likely to code for cssut resistance. all strains contained a large plasmid of about 120 megadaltons (mda), and a cryptic plasmid of about 2.2 mda. the plasmid profiles ...	1990	2200703
haemolytic uraemic syndrome with shigella.	a 49-year-old male developed bloody diarrhoea whilst on a visit to india. sigmoidoscopy and rectal biopsy showed acute colitis. shigella dysentery type i was isolated from stool culture. cytotoxin production by the organism was demonstrated. the patient developed acute renal failure, thrombocytopaenia and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. he required mechanical ventilation, haemodialysis, blood transfusion and antibiotic therapy and achieved a complete recovery. this is an unusual case of hae ...	1990	2202698
in vitro activity of ljc10,627, a new carbapenem antibiotic with high stability to dehydropeptidase i.	the in vitro activity of ljc10,627, a new carbapenem, was compared with those of imipenem and ceftazidime. ljc10,627 had broad-spectrum activity against gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates. the mics of this compound for 90% of members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested (mic90s), including strains resistant to ceftazidime, ranged from 0.1 to 25 micrograms/ml. ljc10,627 inhibited pseudomonas aeruginosa at an mic90 of 3.13 micrograms/ml; it thus was twofold more active than imipe ...	1990	2203313
carboxy-terminal peptides from the b subunit of shiga toxin induce a local and parenteral protective effect.	two synthetic peptides corresponding to overlapping sequences from the c-terminus of the b chain of shiga toxin were prepared and characterized. these peptides consisted of residues 54-67 and 57-67 in the protein sequence. this region coincides with the major peak of surface area residues, as predicted from a computer-derived plot. for the purpose of immunization, the peptides were either conjugated with a protein or a synthetic carrier, or were polymerized. polyclonal antibodies against these p ...	1990	2203962
new approach to develop a vaccine design against shigellosis.		1990	2204244
recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the hemolytic uremic syndromes.	one of the requirements for an agent to cause hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) is its ability to injure endothelial cells. shiga-like toxin (slt) can do this. slt is produced by escherichia coli and shigella dysenteriae serotype 1; both have been implicated as causes of typical hus. endothelial cells have receptors (gb3) for slt and the toxin can inhibit eukaryotic protein synthesis, thereby causing cell death. glomerular endothelial cell injury or death results in a decreased glomerular filtrati ...	1990	2205273
[a case of shigellosis due to shigella dysenteriae 1 which was thought to be infected in domestic area].	a 43-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain on january 10, 1989. on laboratory examination s. dysenteriae 1 was isolated from his stool, therefore he was diagnosed as shigellosis. after the administration of ofloxacin was started, s. dysenteriae 1 was immediately eradicated. but his diarrhea persisted until the 19th day from the onset of the illness and his abdominal pain persisted until the 21st day. he had never been overseas and he had never ea ...	1990	2205674
[detection of two shiga-like toxins from escherichia coli o157:h7 isolates by the polymerase chain reaction method].	fourteen isolates of e. coli o157:h7 and five isolates of s. dysenteriae type-1 were examined by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the structural genes (slt-i or slt-ii), encoding shiga-like toxins (slts). the two primer pairs (v1; 5'agttaatgtggtggcgaa and v2; 5'gactgcgtcagtgaggtt for slt-i, v3; 5'ttcggtatcctattcccg and v4; 5'tctctggtcattgtatta for slt-ii) used were of the same positions representing the dna sequence covering 471bp of the slt-i or slt-ii. a 5-microliter portion of boiled bacte ...	1990	2205737
cell surface proteins from shigella dysenteriae type 1.	a simple extraction procedure was used for preparing cell surface proteins (csps) from shigella dysenteriae type 1. the preparations obtained using either buffer or water extractions were free from lipopolysaccharide (lps), as well as cytoplasmic and periplasmic proteins. by sds-page, about 25 polypeptides were detected, and western-blot analysis recognised 15 polypeptide antigens. when analysed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis, using anti-shigella dysenteriae type 1 rabbit sera, 18 antigenic ba ...	1990	2206198
plants used in guatemala for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. 1. screening of 84 plants against enterobacteria.	gastrointestinal disorders are important causes of morbidity in developing countries. natural healing is the traditional way of treating these diseases in guatemala. ethnobotanical surveys and literature reviews showed that 385 plants from 95 families are used in guatemala for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. the activity of 84 of the most commonly used plants was screened in vitro against five enterobacteria pathogenic to man (enteropathogenic escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidi ...	1990	2214824
immunolabelling of shiga toxin in macrophages infected with shigella dysenteriae 1.	immunolabelling of shiga toxin in macrophages infected with a non-invasive shigella dysenteriae 1 isolate showed that bacteria remained alive for 3 h after ingestion within the phagocytic vacuole and synthesized shiga toxin. the normal process of toxin secretion was, however, impaired by the phagosomal environment and toxin molecules accumulated within the bacterial cytoplasm.	1990	2218059
hemolysin as a marker for serratia.	all serratia marcescens strains (total of 33) of different sources were hemolytic including clinical strains previously classified as being nonhemolytic. dna fragments of the two hemolysin genes hybridized with the chromosomal dna of s. marcescens, s. liquefaciens, s. kiliensis, s. grimesii, s. proteamaculans, s. plymutica, s. rubridaea which were also hemolytic. the restriction pattern of the hemolysin locus differed in each strain. s. ficaria and s. marinorubra expressed a different hemolysin ...	1990	2222120
differentiation of shiga toxin and vero cytotoxin type 1 genes by polymerase chain reaction.	two sets of synthetic oligonucleotide primers were used in a polymerase chain reaction technique to distinguish genes for shiga toxin in shigella dysenteriae 1 and type 1 vero cytotoxin (vt1) in escherichia coli. vt1a and vt1b primers directed at a common 130-base-pair (bp) fragment of the stx and slti genes detected template nucleic acid in both shiga toxin-positive s. dysenteriae 1 and vt1-producing e. coli strains. vt1c and vt1d primers, targeting a 140-bp fragment of the promoter region of t ...	1990	2230244
plasmid profiles of shigella dysenteriae type 1 isolates from ethiopia with special reference to r-plasmids.	plasmid profiles of 80 shigella dysenteriae type 1 (shiga's bacillus) strains, collected between 1974 and 1985 in ethiopia, were examined. strains with the dominant antibiotic-resistance (r-) type--resistance to ampicillin (a), chloramphenicol (c), streptomycin (s), sulphadiazine (su) and tetracycline (t)--showed two distinct plasmid profiles (pp). six plasmid bands were demonstrated in "ethiopian strains" with pp-1a isolated between 1974 and 1982. in mating experiments with these strains, esche ...	1990	2231675
[new aspects of intolerance of the aqueous iodinated x-ray contrast medium, adipiodone--fatal interaction of adipiodone-ultrabil with the immunomodulators corynebacterium parvum (cp) and shigella dysenteriae endotoxin (lps)].	the authors assume a new type of interaction of the aqueous x-ray contrast substance type adipiodone (ultrabil 50% spofa) with immunomodulators of corynebacterium parvum (cp) and the endotoxin of shigella dysenteriae (lps). the fatal type of interaction developed regularly as a result of the concurrent i.v. administration of the x-ray contrast substance adipiodone with the endotoxin of shigella dys. (lps) to laboratory animals (mice) which had five days previously a single dose of corynebacteriu ...	1990	2237238
[effect of maternal virus-specific t-lymphocytes on pregnancy and fetal pathogenesis in experimental congenital influenza infection].	inoculation of virus-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes (ctl) to pregnant mice infected with influenza virus was shown to result in a decrease of infectious virus concentration in the lungs and blood of mice as well as in the placentas and fetuses. with an increase in the dose of inoculated ctl, however, premature deliveries with stillbirths were observed as well as deaths of the mice, the highest frequency of fetal deaths being observed after infection of pregnant mice in the first half of pregnanc ...	1990	2082546
[effects of ethidium bromide on the viscosity of chromatin secreted by rat liver in normal state and after denervation].	the paper studies structural state of chromatin secreted from the rat's liver. for this purpose the authors studied the dependence of relative viscosity of chromatin preparations secreted from the liver of rats and three groups of animals being in different terms of postdenervation process.	1990	2083357
the mechanism of inhibition of s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase by fluorine-containing adenosine analogs.	(z)-4',5'-didehydro-5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine (i), 5'-deoxy-5'-difluoroadenosine (ii), and 4',5'-didehydro-5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroarabinosyl-adenosine (iii) are inhibitors of rat liver s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase. compounds i and ii are time-dependent and irreversible inhibitors of the enzyme. both i and ii are oxidized by e.nad to produce e.nadh, and fluoride anion is formed in the inactivation reaction (0.7 to 1.0 mole fluoride/mole of enzyme subunit, and 1.7 moles fluoride/mole of enzyme ...	1990	2094766
bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse): menace or mirage?		1990	2271904
phosphate regulon in members of the family enterobacteriaceae: comparison of the phob-phor operons of escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae, and klebsiella pneumoniae.	the structure and function of the phob and phor genes of shigella dysenteriae strains and klebsiella pneumoniae, which are involved in regulation of the phosphate regulon, were analyzed. complementation tests among the genes of escherichia coli, s. dysenteriae strains, and k. pneumoniae for production of alkaline phosphatase indicate that s. dysenteriae serotype 2 and serotype 3 strains and k. pneumoniae are phoa+ phob+ phor+ but s. dysenteriae sh and serotype 1 strains are phoa phob+ phor. nucl ...	1989	2556368
characterization of the rela1 mutation and a comparison of rela1 with new rela null alleles in escherichia coli.	the most widely studied "relaxed" mutant of the rela locus, the rela1 allele, is shown here to consist of an is2 insertion between the 85th and 86th codons of the otherwise wild-type rela structural gene, which normally encodes a 743-amino acid (84 kda) protein. the rela protein is a ribosome-dependent atp:gtp (gdp) pyrophosphoryltransferase that is activated during the stringent response to amino acid starvation and thereby occasions the accumulation of guanosine 3',5'-bispyrophosphate (ppgpp). ...	1989	2556396
[acute maternal anterior poliomyelitis in a non-endemic zone].	the authors report the case of a 26 year old woman with acute anterior poliomyelitis contracted during the vaccination of her baby. despite having been herself vaccinated in infancy she was not protected against the poliovirus. the clinical interest of this uncommon case is a severe paralytic state with definitive paraplegia. the authors suggest serologic testing of patients born before 1967 especially if they are at risk of encountering the virus.	1989	2561040
endocytosis from coated pits of shiga toxin: a glycolipid-binding protein from shigella dysenteriae 1.	evidence is presented that endocytosis is involved in the transport to the cytosol of the cytotoxin from shigella dysenteriae 1, shiga toxin, which acts by removal of a single adenine residue in 28-s ribosomal rna. inhibition of endocytosis by atp depletion of the cells prevented toxin uptake. exposure of hela s3 and vero cells to toxin at low extracellular ph, where translocation to the cytosol, but not endocytosis is inhibited, allowed the toxin to accumulate in a compartment where it was prot ...	1989	2564398
shigella dysenteriae type 1 infections in us travellers to mexico, 1988.	in 1988, the number of shigella dysenteriae type 1 (sd1) infections reported in the usa increased five-fold over the annual mean from the previous decade. 44 (94%) of 47 interviewed patients reported recent travel to mexico; 33 (75%) of these had been tourists to the yucatan peninsula. 27 patients who had travelled to mexico were admitted to hospital, of whom 2 had a haemolytic uraemic syndrome; none died. the antimicrobial resistance pattern and plasmid profile of the yucatan strain were simila ...	1989	2570242
four new provisional serovars of shigella.	four bacterial strains are described that possess the biochemical characteristics of shigella species but do not belong to any of the established shigella serovars or to any previously described provisional serovar. one strain fermented mannitol, and it is proposed that this be the type strain for a new provisional serovar of shigella boydii. the remaining strains did not ferment mannitol and belonged to three different serovars. these strains are proposed as type strains for three new provision ...	1989	2501349
hemagglutinating properties of shigella dysenteriae type 1 and other shigella species.	strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1 cultured in casamino acids-yeast extract broth medium in the presence of 1 mm calcium chloride at 37 degrees c for 22 h induced hemagglutination of erythrocytes that was inhibited by n-acetylneuraminic acid, n-acetylneuramin-lactose, and alpha 1-glycoprotein. the hemagglutination was heat labile, and the absence of cell-surface appendages suggested a nonfimbrial adhesin(s). under the same conditions, strains of shigella flexneri (types 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b) s ...	1989	2503449
[increased efficiency in the disinfection of sewage by lactic acid bacteria].	the antimicrobic properties have been studied in 30 strains of lactobacilli. as a result a strain, the strongest antagonist relative to choleric vibrios and other enteropathogenic microorganisms, is selected. lactobacilli are found to retain their viability and biological activity in the activated sludge during the whole period of observation (6 months). biological disinfection of sewage is shown possible to be intensified using the activated sludge inoculated by the culture of the selected lact ...	1989	2514340
production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to verotoxins 1 and 2 from escherichia coli of serotype o 157:h7.	fourteen hybridoma cell lines were isolated that produced monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to purified verotoxins 1 and 2 (vt1, vt2) of escherichia coli of serotype o157:h7. of these mabs, eight were obtained by immunisation of balb/c mice with purified vt1, and six were obtained from balb/c mice immunised with purified vt2. with the exception of mab 1c5, with a heavy chain of igg2b class, antibodies produced from mice immunised with heat-treated toxin were of igm class. mabs produced from mice immu ...	1989	2479749
effect of detoxification processes on the interferon-inducing activity of bacterial endotoxins.	the interferon (ifn)-inducing activity of detoxified lipopolysaccharide (lps) was tested in rabbits treated with lps preparation derived from escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, salmonella enteritidis and shigella dysenteriae serovar 1. of the detoxification procedures used, alkaline hydrolysis, hydroxylaminolysis, formalization, treatment with sodium deoxycholate and the radiodetoxification (fast or slow) methods had no appreciable effects on the ifn-inducing potential of lps. in contrast, acet ...	1989	2484274
studies on shiga-like toxin produced by enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli: purification and characterization of the toxin and development of methods for identifying the toxin.	a simple purification method using deae cellulose column chromatography and immunoaffinity column chromatography was developed for purifying shiga-like toxin produced by escherichia coli o157:h7. about 0.75 mg of purified toxin was obtained from 5 liters of culture (62% recovery). the purified toxin was demonstrated to be immunologically, biologically and structurally indistinguishable from shiga toxin. a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for detection of shiga-lik ...	1989	2485395
[imported myiasis: analysis of 5 cases].	five cases of furuncular myiasis imported by spanish travelers from tropical countries are reported. after reviewing the cycle of the infecting organism and the characteristics of the human disease, a table with the clinical and epidemiological data of our patients is presented. the relevance of an adequate clinical and geographical anamnesis in these patients is discussed. finally, the effectiveness of a simple, nonaggressive treatment is reported, which permits the patient to verify by himself ...	1989	2490857
[the etiological structure of shigellosis in the ussr in recent years].	the characterization of etiological structure of shigella infection in the whole of the ussr, in individual union republics and at a number of other administrative territories of the ussr in recent years is presented. s. flexneri has been shown to prevail at the territories with unsatisfactory water supply of the population, and s. sonnei prevails at the territories with good water supply. at the former territories s. dysenteriae and s. boydii retain their etiological importance, while at the la ...	1989	2698030
[development of antibiotic resistance of type 1 shigella dysenteriae strains (shiga bacillus) isolated in tananarive on the east coast of madagascar].	from november 1988 to march 1989, 804 malagasy children stools were studied and 37 shigella strains isolated. 5 shigella dysenteriae type 1 from malagasy east coast (mananjary), presented a multiply resistance to ampicillin, carbenicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, sulphonamides and trimethoprim. this last resistance has recently appeared in this area.	1989	2699224
large phosphate shifts with treatment for hyperglycemia.	although hypophosphatemia is known to commonly accompany therapy for hyperglycemia, it is not generally appreciated that severe life-threatening depletion of phosphate may occur. i followed up two patients who had precipitous drops during intravenous insulin therapy for diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic state. the patient with diabetic ketoacidosis had a phosphate level nadir that equaled the lowest recorded phosphate level in a living human (0.03 mmol/l). because (1) serum phosp ...	1989	2730261
production of vero cytotoxin by escherichia coli and shiga toxin by shigella dysenteriae 1 as related to the growth medium and availability of iron.	six strains of escherichia coli producing vero cytotoxin (vtec) and six strains of shigella dysenteriae 1 were examined for the production of extra- and intracellular vero cytotoxin (vt) and shiga toxin respectively, in relation to the growth medium and availability of iron. vtec secreted less extracellular vt1 or vt2 when grown in trypticase soy broth (tsb) containing the iron chelator desferal, as compared to bacteria cultured in iron replete tsb. growth in tsb containing desferal resulted in ...	1989	2692581
falciparum malaria--present day problems. an experience with 425 cases.	clinical details and present day problems encountered in 425 cases of falciparum malaria (pf) are reported. 10.11% had taken chloroquine prior to reporting to us. parasitic count done in 23.05% cases lacked correlation with severity of disease. pattern of fever varied markedly but 5.4% were afebrile throughout and presented only with bodyache and malaise. apyrexial spell was noted in 5.64%. 28.70% had typical facial looks of anaemia and sallow complexion. cerebral symptoms were noted in 3.05%. o ...	1989	2693436
[shigellosis in the ussr: the etiological role of shigella dysenteriae].	the etiological role of s. dysenteriae in shigella infections at different territories of the ussr in 1983-1987 is analyzed. the study shows that s. dysenteriae pertain to territories with unfavorable water supply of the population. at some of these territories, in particular the uzbek ssr, grigor'ev-shiga dysentery seems to gain ground and the restoration of the area of its spread occurs. in recent years the penetration of grigor'ev-shiga dysentery from abroad became more frequent in the presen ...	1989	2694693
[drug resistance of the causative agent of grigo'rev-shiga dysentery (shigella dysenteriae 1)isolated in the ussr].	forty strains of s. dysenteriae 1 isolated in the ussr within 1986-1988 were tested for their resistance to 11 antibacterial drugs. it was shown that 92.5-97.5 per cent of the isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol (cm) and tetracycline (tc), 22.5 per cent to streptomycin (sm), 17.5 per cent to nalidixic acid (nal) and 10 per cent to ampicillin (ap) and polymyxin (pm). resistance to cm tc (51.4 per cent) and cm tc nal (13.5 per cent) represented the predominating phenotype. 35 per cent of th ...	1989	2694989
monoclonal antibodies against the surface antigens of shigella flexneri serotype 1b and shigella dysenteriae serotype 1.	monoclonal antibodies against the surface antigens of shigella flexneri 1b and s. dysenteriae 1 were prepared. the specificities of the antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and quantitative agglutination using microtiter plate. monoclonal antibodies against s. flexneri 1b, designated sf2b2 and sf2g4, belonged to igg2a and igg1 subclass, respectively. the former was specific for s. flexneri 1b, whereas the latter was reactive not only to s. flexneri 1b, but also ...	1989	2687648
assay for sialidase using erythrocytes and peroxidase-labeled peanut lectin.	a rapid and sensitive sialidase assay method based on peroxidase-labeled peanut lectin (pna) binding to desialylated erythrocyte is described. formalinized sheep erythrocytes were used both as a stable substrate for sialidase and as a target for the lectin. in the case of sialidases from vibrio cholerae and arthrobacter ureafaciens, a linear relationship was observed between the amount of peroxidase-labeled pna bound to erythrocytes and the enzyme amount. binding of the lectin to sialidase-treat ...	1989	2688936
purification of shiga toxin by alpha-d-galactose-(1----4)-beta-d-galactose-(1----4)-beta-d-glucose-(1- ---) receptor ligand-based chromatography.	a simple and rapid method for shiga toxin purification based on specific binding to the gal alpha 1----4gal beta 1----4glc globotrioside trisaccharide covalently linked to polyacryl/polyvinyl (fractogel) has been developed. a cell-free sonicate-filtrate of shigella dysenteriae type 1, strain 114sd was passed over the globotrioside-fractogel column, and bound toxin eluted with 6 m guanidine-hcl. a yield of 36 mg pure toxin/1 sonicate-filtrate was obtained, i.e. a one step 1224-fold purification. ...	1989	2689221