Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| t regulatory cells contribute to the attenuated primary cd8+ and cd4+ t cell responses to herpes simplex virus type 2 in neonatal mice. | the first weeks of life are characterized by immune tolerance and increased susceptibility to intracellular pathogens. the neonatal adaptive response to hsv is attenuated compared with adult control models in humans and mice. t regulatory cells (tregs) control autoimmunity and excessive immune responses to infection. we therefore compared treg responses in the draining lymph nodes (ln) of hsv-infected neonatal and adult c57bl/6 mice with the effect of treg depletion/inactivation by anti-cd25 (pc ... | 2008 | 18209051 |
| community-based study on seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in new delhi. | to determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in two urban communities in delhi and to correlate the presence of hsv-2 seroprevalence with sociodemographic profile, risk factors and presence of other reproductive tract infections (rtis). | 2008 | 18227595 |
| selective ablation of virion host shutoff protein rnase activity attenuates herpes simplex virus 2 in mice. | the virion host shutoff (vhs) protein of herpes simplex virus (hsv) has endoribonuclease activity and rapidly reduces protein synthesis in infected cells through mrna degradation. herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 vhs mutants are highly attenuated in vivo, but replication and virulence are largely restored to hsv-2 vhs mutants in the absence of a type i interferon (ifn) response. the role of vhs in pathogenesis and the hindrance of the type i ifn response have classically been examined wi ... | 2008 | 18234805 |
| herpes virus and ménière's disease. | the main goal of this study was to examine the vestibular ganglia from patients with intractable classic ménière's disease (md) for the presence or absence of dna from three neurotropic viruses herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (hsv1, hsv2) and varicella zoster virus (vzv) and to investigate the hypothesis that md is associated with virus reactivation within scarpa's ganglion. | 2008 | 18235203 |
| detection of herpes virus dna in post-operative thyroid tissue specimens of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease. | to demonstrate any differences in the detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, human herpes virus type 6 and 7 dna from thyroid tissue blocks of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease and multi-nodular goiter and to propose few mechanisms, which could explain the possible role of herpesvirus infection in the development of thyroid autoimmune responses. | 2008 | 18240111 |
| [detection of herpesvirus genome by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and real-time pcr in ocular fluids of patients with acute retinal necrosis]. | the human herpesvirus (hhv) family consists of types 1 to 8 (hhv1-8). the purpose of this study was to investigate the detection of hhv dna, especially hsv1 (herpes simplex virus 1, hhv1), hsv2 (herpes simplex virus 2, hhv2), and vzv (varicella-zoster virus, hhv3) in ocular fluids of patients with acute retinal necrosis(arn). | 2008 | 18240601 |
| the ul14 tegument protein of herpes simplex virus type 1 is required for efficient nuclear transport of the alpha transinducing factor vp16 and viral capsids. | the protein encoded by the ul14 gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 is expressed late in infection and is a minor component of the virion tegument. an ul14-deficient hsv-1 mutant (ul14d) forms small plaques and exhibits an extended growth cycle at low multiplicities of infection (moi) compared to wild-type virus. although ul14 is likely to be involved in the process of viral maturation and egress, its precise role in viral replication is still enigmatic. in this study, we found ... | 2008 | 18032514 |
| exophytic ulcerated tumors in hiv patients: diagnostic and therapeutic problems. | two hiv-positive male patients with a rarely documented form of genital herpes are described. in both cases the atypical clinical presentation suggested neoplastic rather than infectious lesions. this tumorous genital herpes may occur in hiv-infected patients while on antiretroviral therapy. since therapeutic failure to nucleoside analogues is common in these cases even in the absence of phenotypical resistance, other treatment options are discussed. | 2008 | 18032901 |
| real-time pcr for type-specific identification of herpes simplex in clinical samples: evaluation of type-specific results in the context of cns diseases. | hsv-1 and hsv-2 cause cns infections of dissimilar clinico-pathological characteristics with prognostic and therapeutic implications. | 2008 | 18037340 |
| multinucleate epithelial change in colorectal hyperplastic polyps: a review of 27 cases. | to document the histological features of multinucleated epithelial giant cells (megs) in colorectal hyperplastic polyps and determine a possible aetiological agent. | 2008 | 18037663 |
| effect of resiquimod 0.01% gel on lesion healing and viral shedding when applied to genital herpes lesions. | resiquimod, a toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist developed as a topical treatment to decrease recurrences of anogenital herpes, induces proinflammatory cytokines that may delay lesion healing. adults with frequently recurring anogenital herpes were randomized within 24 h of onset of a recurrence to vehicle or resiquimod 0.01% gel two times per week for 3 weeks. subjects underwent daily lesion assessments and sampling for herpes simplex virus dna pcr for 21 days or until investigator-determined heali ... | 2008 | 18039918 |
| [genital herpes and hsv transmission in hiv patients]. | there is a bidirectional relationship between hsv-2 and hiv-1, both at the cellular level, as well as regarding transmission and even progression of hiv-1 infection. there is clear evidence that anti-herpetic therapy reduces the plasma and mucosal hiv-1 viral load, as well as transmission. serologic testing for hsv-2 in patients with an increased hiv-1 risk, coupled with a better understanding of the interaction between the viruses and appropriate anti-herpetic suppression therapy could both red ... | 2008 | 18040650 |
| the number of herpes simplex virus-infected neurons and the number of viral genome copies per neuron correlate with the latent viral load in ganglia. | the latent viral load is the most important factor that predicts reactivation rates of animals latently infected with herpes simplex virus (hsv). to estimate the latent viral load, individual latently infected mouse trigeminal ganglia were dispersed into single cell suspensions and plated into 96-well real-time pcr plates, and hsv-2 genome copies were measured. by assuming a poisson distribution for both the number of hsv-2 infected cells per well and the number of hsv-2 genome copies per infect ... | 2008 | 18045638 |
| antiviral and immunomodulatory effect of a lyophilized extract of capparis spinosa l. buds. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) are common human pathogens that in particular cases can also cause severe problems especially in immunodeficient patients. the present paper reports the antiviral and immunomodulatory properties of a methanolic extract of c. spinosa buds (cap), rich in flavonoids, including several quercetin and kaempferol glycosides. in particular we have investigated whether the in vitro exposure of human peripheral blood mononuclear c ... | 2008 | 18058988 |
| characterization and susceptibility to antiviral agents of herpes simplex virus type 1 containing a unique thymidine kinase gene with an amber codon between the first and the second initiation codons. | a herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) containing a thymidine (tk) gene with an amber mutation at the 8th position counted from the first aug codon was isolated from a child with acute gingivostomatitis. the virus was predicted to express a mutant viral translated from the 2nd aug codon at the 46th amino acid position and consisting of 331 amino acids. the virus was as sensitive to acyclovir (acv), 5-bromovinyl-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu), 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-(e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil (bvarau), ... | 2008 | 18066636 |
| comparative in vitro study on the anti-herpetic effect of phytochemically characterized aqueous and ethanolic extracts of salvia officinalis grown at two different locations. | aqueous and ethanolic extracts of salvia officinalis (lamiaceae) from two different locations (garden and swabian mountains) were examined in vitro on rc-37 cells for their antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) using a plaque reduction assay. the 50% inhibitory concentrations (ic50) of the extracts for hsv plaque formation were determined in dose-response studies. all extracts tested revealed a high virucidal activity against free hsv-1 and hsv-2. the ... | 2008 | 18068963 |
| terpenoids and phenolics from plectranthus strigosus, bioactivity screening. | further studies on plectranthus sp. (lamiaceae) led to the isolation of terpenes and phenol esters from plectranthus strigosus benth. ent-16-kauren-19-ol (1), ent-16-kauren-19-oic acid (2), xylopic acid (3), xylopinic acid (4), hinokiol (5), 4 beta,6 beta-dihydroxy-1 alpha,5 beta(h)-guai-9-ene (6) 4 beta,6 beta-dihydroxy-1 alpha,5 beta(h)-guai-10(14)-ene (7), mixtures of hexacosan-1,26-diol and octacosan-1,28-diol ferulate diesters (8), of esters from ferulic acid and fatty alcohols (9) and of e ... | 2008 | 18075900 |
| use of commercial enzyme immunoassays to detect antibodies to the herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein g in a low-risk population in hanoi, vietnam. | sera from 1,238 vietnamese women in hanoi were tested for herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). hsv-2 prevalence was 2.0%. the kalon and biokit assays showed significantly higher concordance to western blotting data than did the focus assay (p < 0.01). screening by focus and then retesting with kalon/biokit of positive samples can reduce falsely positive results significantly (p < 0.01). | 2008 | 18077617 |
| cervical human papillomavirus (hpv) infection and hpv type 16 antibodies in south african women. | there is a high incidence of cervical cancer in south african women. no large studies to assess human papillomavirus virus (hpv) infection or hpv type 16 (hpv-16) exposure have occurred in the region, a requirement for policy making with regards to hpv screening and the introduction of vaccines. control women (n = 1,003) enrolled in a case control study of hormonal contraceptives and cervical cancer were tested for 27 cervical hpv types by reverse line blot analysis. the seroprevalence of hpv-16 ... | 2008 | 18077644 |
| discrimination of herpes simplex virus type 2 strains by nucleotide sequence variations. | we determined the polymorphous 400-bp regions in ul53, us1, and us4 for the discrimination of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) strains. thirty-six hsv-2 clinical strains could be differentiated into 35 groups using these three regions and into 36 groups by additional analysis of three noncoding regions previously reported as polymorphous. | 2008 | 18077652 |
| neonatal cd8+ t cells are slow to develop into lytic effectors after hsv infection in vivo. | hsv is an important neonatal pathogen. we defined the kinetics of the primary ctl response to hsv-2 in vivo in neonatal mice. using a replication-defective hsv-2 virus, we demonstrate that neonates mount a primary hsv-specific ctl effector response in the draining ln, with delayed onset and shortened peak activity, in contrast to the rapid, strong response observed in adult mice. the shortened peak neonatal ctl response is independent of hsv dose and is associated with retarded cd8(+) t cell exp ... | 2008 | 18081035 |
| histone modifications associated with herpes simplex virus type 1 genomes during quiescence and following icp0-mediated de-repression. | in the current study, it was shown that repressed virus genomes in quiescently infected mrc5 cells adopt a repressed histone-associated structure marked by the enrichment of deacetylated histones at a wide variety of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) promoters. in addition, it was shown that genome de-repression, mediated by hsv-2 superinfection or delivery of icp0 using a recombinant adenovirus vector, resulted in the enrichment of acetylated histones on hsv dna. these data indicate that icp0 ... | 2008 | 18089730 |
| comparison of electrical properties of viruses studied by ac capacitance scanning probe microscopy. | capacitances of five types of viruses, adenovirus type 5 (av5), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1), simian virus 40 (sv40), vaccinia (mva), and cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv), were compared by ac capacitance scanning probe microscopy. this technique, using a pt-coated afm tip as an electrode to probe capacitance of materials between the tip and a bottom electrode, has been applied to study surface structures of semiconductors and polymers with nanometer spatial resolution; however, biological sample ... | 2008 | 18092777 |
| sexual and demographic determinants for herpes simplex virus type 2 among fishermen along lake victoria, kenya. | to determine the prevalence and correlates of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) seropositivity among fishermen along the shores of lake victoria in kisumu district, kenya. | 2008 | 18096647 |
| hla-a*0201-restricted cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocyte epitopes identified from herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d. | evidence obtained from both animal models and humans suggests that t cells specific for hsv-1 and hsv-2 glycoprotein d (gd) contribute to protective immunity against herpes infection. however, knowledge of gd-specific human t cell responses is limited to cd4+ t cell epitopes, with no cd8+ t cell epitopes identified to date. in this study, we screened the hsv-1 gd amino acid sequence for hla-a*0201-restricted epitopes using several predictive computational algorithms and identified 10 high probab ... | 2008 | 18097044 |
| maternal herpes simplex virus type 2 infection, syphilis and risk of intra-partum transmission of hiv-1: results of a case control study. | genital ulcer disease including that caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and syphilis facilitates sexual transmission of hiv-1. the effect of these infections on intra-partum mother-to-child-transmission (mtct) of hiv-1 is unknown. | 2008 | 18097221 |
| population prevalence of reported and unreported hiv and related behaviors among the household adult population in new york city, 2004. | surveillance for hiv likely underestimates infection among the general population: 25% of us residents are estimated to be unaware of their hiv infection. | 2008 | 18097231 |
| the role of toll-like receptor ligands/agonists in protection against genital hsv-2 infection. | control of virus replication initially depends on rapid activation of the innate immune responses. toll-like receptor (tlr) ligands are potent inducers of innate immunity against viral infections, including herpes simplex virus (hsv). hsv-2 is currently one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in developed nations and is becoming more prevalent in adolescents. hsv-2 infects the genital mucosa and is associated with an increased risk of obtaining other sexually transmitted infection ... | 2008 | 18154594 |
| synthesis of some novel thiourea derivatives obtained from 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3h-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones and evaluation as antiviral/anti-hiv and anti-tuberculosis agents. | as a continuation of our previous efforts on n-alkyl/aryl-n'-[4-(4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3h-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione-5-yl)phenyl]thioureas 1-19 and n-alkyl/aryl-n'-[4-(3-aralkylthio-4-alkyl/aryl-4h-1,2,4-triazole-5-yl)phenyl]thioureas 20-22, a series of novel 5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-2,4-dihydro-3h-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones 23-26 and several related thioureas, n-alkyl/aryl-n'-{4-[(4-alkyl/aryl-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1h-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methoxy]phenyl}thioureas 27-42 were synthesize ... | 2008 | 17583388 |
| asymptomatic shedding of herpes simplex virus (hsv) in the oral cavity. | the aim of this study was to investigate the rate of herpes simplex virus (hsv) shedding from the oral cavity, because recent studies suggest that shedding is more frequent than originally reported. factors that could influence the rate and duration of shedding from the oral cavity were examined. | 2008 | 17703961 |
| relative prevalence of different sexually transmitted infections in hiv-discordant sexual partnerships: data from a risk network study in a high-risk new york neighbourhood. | to determine infection patterns of sexually transmitted infections that facilitate hiv transmission among hiv-discordant couples. | 2008 | 17728340 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among young uncircumcised men in kisumu, kenya. | to identify factors associated with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection among men aged 18-24 in kisumu, kenya. | 2008 | 17855489 |
| investigation of hsv-1, hsv-2, cmv, hhv-6 and hhv-8 dna by real-time pcr in surgical resection materials of epilepsy patients with mesial temporal lobe sclerosis. | the objective of this study is to investigate the presence of viral dnas of hsv-1, hsv-2, hhv-6, hhv-8, and cmv in hippocampus of the patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mtle) syndrome. | 2008 | 17804017 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infections of the central nervous system: a retrospective study of 49 patients. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections of the central nervous system (cns) are rare with meningitis as the most common clinical presentation. we have investigated the clinical spectrum of cns infections in 49 adult consecutive patients with hsv-2 genome in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf). hsv-2 in the csf was determined by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and patients were diagnosed as encephalitis or meningitis according to predefined clinical criteria by retrospective data information fr ... | 2008 | 17852910 |
| growth-compromised hsv-2 vector delta rr protects from n-methyl-d-aspartate-induced neuronal degeneration through redundant activation of the mek/erk and pi3-k/akt survival pathways, either one of which overrides apoptotic cascades. | we have previously shown that intrastriatal injection of delta rr, the growth-compromised herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) vector for the antiapoptotic protein icp10pk, prevents apoptosis caused by the excitotoxin n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) in a mouse model of glutamatergic neuronal cell death (golembewski et al. [2007] exp. neurol. 203:381-393). because apoptosis regulation is stimulus and cell type specific, our studies were designed to examine the mechanism of delta rr-mediated neuroprote ... | 2008 | 17893911 |
| a regulatory role of interleukin 15 in wound healing and mucosal infection in mice. | il-15 plays a critical role in the development and maturation of gammadelta intraepithelial t lymphocytes (iel), which are known to play important roles in wound healing and resolving inflammation in mice. in this study, we found that il-15 transgenic (tg) mice, under the control of a mhc class i promoter, exhibited accelerated wound healing but were highly susceptible to genital infection with hsv-2. the iel in the skin and reproductive organs of il-15 tg mice produced an aberrantly higher leve ... | 2008 | 17906118 |
| does frequency of genital herpes recurrences predict risk of transmission? further analysis of the valacyclovir transmission study. | the benefit of suppressive antiviral therapy for reducing the risk of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-2 transmission to sex partners may be enhanced if persons at high risk for transmission can be identified. | 2008 | 17921912 |
| inhibition of hsv-1 replication and hsv dna polymerase by the chloroxoquinolinic ribonucleoside 6-chloro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1-(beta-d-ribofuranosyl) quinoline-3-carboxylic acid and its aglycone. | we describe in this paper that the synthetic chloroxoquinolinic ribonucleoside 6-chloro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1-(beta-d-ribofuranosyl) quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (compound a) and its free aglycogene base (compound b) inhibit, with low cytotoxicity, the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2). compound a inhibited hsv-1 replication in vero cells with an ec(50) of 1.3 and 1.4 microm for an acyclovir (acv)-sensitive strain and an acv-resistant strain of this virus, respectiv ... | 2008 | 17931712 |
| yin chen hao tang, a chinese prescription, inhibits both herpes simplex virus type-1 and type-2 infections in vitro. | yin chen hao tang (ycht) is one of the most frequently used prescriptions in the long history of traditional chinese medicine practice. the prescription contains three chinese herbs, namely artemisia capillaries thunb. (compositae), rheum officinale baillon (polygonaceae), and gardenia jasminoids ellis (rubiaceae), and has been widely used to treat acute hepatitis with jaundice. in this study, the in vitro anti-hsv-1 and hsv-2 activities of the water extract of ycht were investigated. results sh ... | 2008 | 17931713 |
| antibody-mediated protection against genital herpes simplex virus type 2 disease in mice by fc gamma receptor-dependent and -independent mechanisms. | the ability of antibody (ab) to modulate hsv pathogenesis is well recognized but the mechanisms by which hsv-specific igg antibodies protect against genital hsv-2 disease are not well understood. the requirement for ab interactions with fcgamma receptors (fcgammar) in protection was examined using a murine model of genital hsv-2 infection. igg antibodies isolated from the serum of hsv-immune mice protected normal mice against hsv-2 disease when administered prior to genital hsv-2 inoculation. ho ... | 2008 | 17950908 |
| common infectious agents in multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in children. | environmental factors, in particular infections, have been linked with the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (ms). the association of epstein-barr virus infection with childhood onset of ms has been recently recognized. as other infections characteristically experienced during childhood have not yet been studied in larger cohorts of paediatric ms, we conducted a study on 152 german children with ms (age at onset <16 years) and matched controls in the hope of gaining evidence for their possib ... | 2008 | 17942525 |
| importance of myeloid differentiation factor 88 in innate and acquired immune protection against genital herpes infection in mice. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) play an important role as pattern-recognition receptors to sense and respond to pathogens. our laboratory and others have shown recently that activation of tlr/myd88 signaling through vaginal administration of cpg oligodeoxynucleotides, either singly or in combination with recombinant glycoprotein from herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), confers immunity against genital herpes infection. in this study, we have investigated the importance of the myeloid differentiation ... | 2008 | 17945349 |
| inhibitory effect of essential oils against herpes simplex virus type 2. | essential oils from anise, hyssop, thyme, ginger, camomile and sandalwood were screened for their inhibitory effect against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in vitro on rc-37 cells using a plaque reduction assay. genital herpes is a chronic, persistent infection spreading efficiently and silently as sexually transmitted disease through the population. antiviral agents currently applied for the treatment of herpesvirus infections include acyclovir and its derivatives. the inhibitory concentrat ... | 2008 | 17976968 |
| maternal exposure to herpes simplex virus and risk of psychosis among adult offspring. | viral exposure during gestation is thought to be a risk factor for schizophrenia. previous studies have indicated that prenatal exposure to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) may be a risk for the subsequent development of schizophrenia in some populations. in this investigation, we tested a large and diverse population to assess the risk of psychoses among offspring of mothers with serological evidence of hsv-2 infection. | 2008 | 17981263 |
| discrimination of antibody to herpes b virus from antibody to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in human and macaque sera. | the antigenic cross-reactive characteristics of herpes b virus and herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 are responsible for false-positive diagnoses by serological assays in humans and macaques. in the present study, we developed a fluorometric indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) with recombinant herpes b virus glycoprotein d (gd) and hsv-1 and hsv-2 gg (gg-1 and gg-2, respectively) to discriminate between the three primate herpesvirus infections. the secreted form ... | 2008 | 17989200 |
| a delicate balance: risk factors for acquisition of bacterial vaginosis include sexual activity, absence of hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli, black race, and positive herpes simplex virus type 2 serology. | the etiology of bacterial vaginosis (bv) is poorly understood, but better definition of the risk factors associated with its acquisition should improve our understanding of this complex disease entity. | 2008 | 17989585 |
| rapid, sensitive, and specific lateral-flow immunochromatographic point-of-care device for detection of herpes simplex virus type 2-specific immunoglobulin g antibodies in serum and whole blood. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a common human pathogen that can cause a variety of clinical manifestations in humans. in order to provide near-patient results to allow for faster counseling and treatment, a rapid point-of-care test that is accurate and simple to use is desirable. here, we describe the development and evaluation of an hsv-2 immunoglobulin g (igg)-specific antibody lateral-flow immunochromatographic assay (lfia) based on colloidal gold nanoparticles. a total of 359 serum s ... | 2008 | 18003814 |
| human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection correlates strongly with herpes simplex virus-2 (genital herpes) seropositivity in south african and united states blood donations. | in south africa, human immunodeficiency virus-1 (hiv-1) infection correlates with herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2; genital herpes) seropositivity in genitourinary disease clinic attendees. hsv-2 infection may be a marker for risk behavior and/or directly facilitate hiv-1 transmission. the rate of hsv-2 infection in hiv-infected south african and us blood donations was assessed, and whether the infections were correlated in donors screened and found negative for high-risk behavior by predonation in ... | 2008 | 18005322 |
| disruption of the u(l)41 gene in the herpes simplex virus 2 dl5-29 mutant increases its immunogenicity and protective capacity in a murine model of genital herpes. | the herpes simplex virus 2 dl5-29 replication-defective mutant virus has been shown to induce protective immunity in mice and both prophylactic and therapeutic immunity in guinea pigs. in an attempt to improve the efficacy of dl5-29 we disrupted its u(l)41 gene, producing the triple mutant virus dl5-29-41l. dl5-29-41l has a decreased ability to inhibit host cell protein synthesis and a reduced cytopathic effect on cultured cells. when used to immunize mice, dl5-29-41l elicited significantly stro ... | 2008 | 18006033 |
| seroprevalence of hsv-2 in hungary and comparison of the hsv-2 prevalence of pregnant and infertile women. | herpes simplex virus type 2 infection is a quite common but frequently asymptomatic, therefore undiagnosed condition. genital hsv-2 infection may cause neonatal herpes, enhances hiv transmission and may play a role in infertility. to evaluate the prevalence of hsv-2 in hungary we tested 2500 serum samples for the presence of anti-hsv-2 igg by elisa method. according to our results hungary belongs to the low-infected countries, the hsv-2 seroprevalence grows with age and is significantly higher a ... | 2008 | 19130750 |
| drug-resistant herpes simplex virus in hiv infected patients. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv2) infection is a major source of morbidity in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients, since reactivations - whether symptomatic or asymptomatic - are associated with increased hiv viral load and viral shedding. acyclovir, valacyclovir and famcyclovir are indicated for the treatment of hsv2 in hiv patients. this class of drugs has been shown to enhance survival in hiv-infected individuals. however, with the emergence of drug-resistant strains of hsv2 ... | 2008 | 19111144 |
| [comparison of two elisa tests to study the seroprevalence of herpes simplex 1 et 2 infection in a maternity near paris]. | the diagnosis of herpes simplex virus (hsv) genital infection is primarily clinical. the primary indication for serodiagnosis is to detect seronegativity in pregnant women at risk of acquiring the hsv virus during the course of their pregnancy. in this study, two elisa tests were compared for the detection of hsv infection among a population of 307 pregnant women followed at the maternity of a community-based hospital in france (robert ballanger hospital in the seine-saint-denis department). the ... | 2008 | 19091666 |
| mollaret's meningitis caused by herpes simplex virus type 2: case report and review of literature. | 2008 | 19097344 | |
| seroprevalence and risk factors for herpes simplex virus infection in a population of hiv-infected patients in canada. | objective:: to determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus infection in a population of hiv-infected individuals in canada. methods:: hiv-infected patients attending 5 infectious disease clinics for follow-up care were approached to participate in the study. after informed consent was obtained, subjects completed a questionnaire documenting hiv-risk behavior, duration of infection, history of oral and/or genital herpes, and treatment for hiv and/or genital herpes. blood for hsv type-spe ... | 2008 | 19098690 |
| antiviral activities of extracts from hong kong seaweeds. | we extracted six hong kong brown seaweed species with hot water for their antiviral properties. the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of these extracts were tested by mtt [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenlytetrezolium bromide] method, cytopathic effect reduction assay, and plaque reduction assay. the antiviral effect was further determined by flow cytometric analysis. the results showed that most of these extracts inhibited the propagation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 an ... | 2008 | 19067465 |
| chemokines and chemokine receptors critical to host resistance following genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection. | hsv-2 is a highly successful human pathogen with a remarkable ability to elude immune detection or counter the innate and adaptive immune response through the production of viral-encoded proteins. in response to infection, resident cells secrete soluble factors including chemokines that mobilize and guide leukocytes including t and nk cells, neutrophils, and monocytes to sites of infection. while there is built-in redundancy within the system, chemokines signal through specific membrane-bound re ... | 2008 | 19043604 |
| dendritic cells and b cells maximize mucosal th1 memory response to herpes simplex virus. | although the importance of cytotoxic t lymphocytes and neutralizing antibodies for antiviral defense is well known, the antiviral mechanism of th1 remains unclear. we show that th1 cells mediate noncytolytic antiviral protection independent of direct lysis through local secretion of ifn-gamma after herpes simplex virus (hsv) 2 infection. ifn-gamma acted on stromal cells, but not on hematopoietic cells, to prevent further viral replication and spread throughout the vaginal mucosa. importantly, un ... | 2008 | 19047439 |
| tlr2 and tlr9 synergistically control herpes simplex virus infection in the brain. | viruses are recognized by the innate immune system through pattern recognition receptors (prrs). for instance, hsv virions and genomic dna are recognized by tlr2 and tlr9, respectively. although several viruses and viral components have been shown to stimulate cells through tlrs, only very few studies have defined essential roles for single tlrs in innate immune defense in vivo. this could suggest that prrs act in concert to mount the first line of defense against virus infections. to test this ... | 2008 | 19050280 |
| [specific cellular immune system and a human herpes virus infection in various forms of tubercular process]. | tuberculosis (tb) is one of the most common infective diseases in history. in industrialized nations tb was well on its way to becoming extinct, however, tb rates started increasing again in the majority of developed countries today. there is a need to further understanding the role of a human herpes virus (hhv) in development and prognosis of tb. the goal of research was to study a condition of the specific immune system, frequency of activization of a hhv infection of 1 type and presence of in ... | 2008 | 18997252 |
| inhibitory activity of melissa officinalis l. extract on herpes simplex virus type 2 replication. | melissa officinalis l. (lamiaceae) (lemon balm) is used in folk medicine for nervous complaints, lower abdominal disorders and, more recently, for treating herpes simplex lesions. in this work the antiviral activity of a hydroalcoholic extract of lemon balm leaves against the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) was assessed by the cytopathic effect inhibition assay on vero cells (atcc ccl-81), in comparison with acyclovir. the cytotoxicity of the extract on vero cells was previously tested by ev ... | 2008 | 19023806 |
| functional activity of peritoneal macrophages from sensitive and resistant mouse strains during intravaginal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 and mucosal vaccination. | in the early period after intravaginal infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (2 h), macrophages from sensitive dba/2 mice were characterized by higher capacity to engulf the antigen, decreased function of the lysosomal apparatus, lower activity of cathepsin d, and reduced oxygen metabolism compared to cells from resistant balb/c mice. mucosal vaccination with herpes vaccine and hyaluronic acid promoted the increase in functional activity of macrophages and improved survival of sensitive mic ... | 2008 | 19023978 |
| vulnerability of women in southern africa to infection with hiv: biological determinants and priority health sector interventions. | to review biomedical determinants of women's vulnerability to infection with hiv and interventions to counter this, within the southern african context. | 2008 | 19033753 |
| an estimate of the global prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | to estimate the global prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection in 2003. | 2008 | 18949218 |
| herpes simplex virus (hsv)-suppressive therapy decreases plasma and genital hiv-1 levels in hsv-2/hiv-1 coinfected women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. | a randomized cross-over trial of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2)-suppressive therapy (valacyclovir, 500 mg twice daily, or placebo for 8 weeks, a 2-week washout period, then the alternative therapy for 8 weeks) was conducted among 20 peruvian women coinfected with hsv-2 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) who were not on antiretroviral therapy. plasma samples (obtained weekly) and endocervical swab specimens (obtained thrice weekly) were collected for hiv-1 rna polymerase chain r ... | 2008 | 18928378 |
| effect of aciclovir on hiv-1 acquisition in hsv-2-positive patients. | 2008 | 18929897 | |
| serologic screening for herpes simplex virus among university students: a pilot study. | the authors examined the feasibility of conducting serologic testing for the herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) among university students and assessed the psychosocial impact of an hsv-2 diagnosis. | 2008 | 18980884 |
| recruitment strategies and motivations for sexually transmitted disease testing among college students. | the authors evaluated procedures for recruiting college students for sexually transmitted disease (std) testing as part of a research study examining the impact of hsv serologic testing. | 2008 | 18980896 |
| seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 in adult hiv-infected patients and blood donors in croatia. | the present study estimates herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) seroprevalence and evaluates its association with age, sex, human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among adults in croatia. a cross-sectional survey included 166 hiv-infected patients and 219 blood donors. antibodies against hsv-2 were determined by enzyme immunoassays based on gg2 recombinant glycoprotein. hsv-2 seroprevalence was 45.8% in hiv-infected patients and 8.7% in blood donors (p < 0.0001; ... | 2008 | 18982739 |
| immunodominant epitopes in herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein d are recognized by cd4 lymphocytes from both hsv-1 and hsv-2 seropositive subjects. | in human recurrent cutaneous herpes simplex, there is a sequential infiltrate of cd4 and then cd8 lymphocytes into lesions. cd4 lymphocytes are the major producers of the key cytokine ifn-gamma in lesions. they recognize mainly structural proteins and especially glycoproteins d and b (gd and gb) when restimulated in vitro. recent human vaccine trials using recombinant gd showed partial protection of hsv seronegative women against genital herpes disease and also, in placebo recipients, showed pro ... | 2008 | 18941251 |
| new biomedical strategies for hiv-1 prevention in women. | novel hiv-1 prevention strategies continue to be urgently needed. this article reviews the current state of biomedical prevention against hiv-1, focusing on recently completed and ongoing clinical trials of new prevention interventions, particularly those relevant to prevention of hiv-1 in women. male circumcision, cervical barrier devices, suppressive therapy against herpes simplex virus type 2, treatment of vaginal infections and other vaginal health interventions, pre-exposure antiretroviral ... | 2008 | 18945391 |
| determinants of hiv shedding in the lower genital tract of women. | heterosexual spread of hiv remains the major risk factor for transmission worldwide. genital secretions from the infected partner contain both cell-free and cell-associated virus. although the exact mechanism of heterosexual transmission is unknown, genital virus plays an important role. decreasing the genital shedding of hiv is an important step in slowing the spread of the disease. recent studies have shown that antiretroviral penetration into the genital tract varies by class and that antiret ... | 2008 | 18945393 |
| prevention of mother-to-child transmission of viral infections. | 2008 | 18922510 | |
| chemical structure and antiviral activity of the sulfated heterorhamnan isolated from the green seaweed gayralia oxysperma. | a homogeneous sulfated heterorhamnan was obtained by aqueous extraction, then by ultrafiltration from the green seaweed gayralia oxysperma. besides alpha-l-rhamnose it contains glucuronic and galacturonic acids, xylose and glucose. the structure was established by methylation analyses of the carboxyl-reduced, carboxyl-reduced/desulfated, carboxyl-reduced/smith-degraded, and carboxyl-reduced/smith-degraded/desulfated products and 1d, 2d nmr spectroscopy analyses. the heterorhamnan backbone is con ... | 2008 | 18845298 |
| hyperplasia of hair follicles and other adnexal structures in cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders: a study of 53 cases, including so-called pseudolymphomatous folliculitis and overt lymphomas. | we studied 53 cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders, all of which manifested hair follicle hyperplasia. there were 42 cases conforming to the description of pseudolymphomatous folliculitis (plf) and 11 cases of authentic lymphomas including mycosis fungoides, cd30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma, diffuse large b-cell lymphoma, b-cell small cell lymphoma/leukemia, and peripheral t-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified. all patients with plf clinically presented with a solitary nodule preferent ... | 2008 | 18685486 |
| healthcare seeking and sexual behavior among patients with symptomatic newly acquired genital herpes. | symptoms among patients with first episode herpes simplex virus (hsv) likely influence health seeking and sexual behavior. an improved understanding of this relationship provides insight into the experience of having genital herpes and has implications for counseling. | 2008 | 18685544 |
| identification of restriction endonuclease with potential ability to cleave the hsv-2 genome: inherent potential for biosynthetic versus live recombinant microbicides. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 are enveloped viruses with a linear dsdna genome of approximately 120-200 kb. genital infection with hsv-2 has been denoted as a major risk factor for acquisition and transmission of hiv-1. developing biomedical strategies for hsv-2 prevention is thus a central strategy in reducing global hiv-1 prevalence. this paper details the protocol for the isolation of restriction endunucleases (reases) with potent activity against the hsv-2 genome and models two biomedic ... | 2008 | 18687114 |
| impact of stepping stones on incidence of hiv and hsv-2 and sexual behaviour in rural south africa: cluster randomised controlled trial. | to assess the impact of stepping stones, a hiv prevention programme, on incidence of hiv and herpes simplex type 2 (hsv-2) and sexual behaviour. | 2008 | 18687720 |
| prevention of hiv in young people in africa. | 2008 | 18687722 | |
| efficacy of an aqueous pelargonium sidoides extract against herpesvirus. | the compounds of an aqueous root extract of the african medicinal plant pelargonium sidoides were analysed by lc-ms spectroscopy and the antiviral effect of this extract against herpes simplex virus was examined in cell culture. besides predominant coumarins, simple phenolic structures as well as flavonoid and catechin derivatives were identified as major constituents in the pelargonium extract. the inhibitory activity of this extract against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and herpes simple ... | 2008 | 18691858 |
| melissa officinalis oil affects infectivity of enveloped herpesviruses. | extracts and essential oils of medicinal plants are increasingly of interest as novel drugs of antimicrobial and antiviral agents, since herpes simplex virus (hsv) might develop resistance to commonly used antiviral agents. melissa officinalis essential oil was phytochemically examined by gc-ms analysis, its main constituents were identified as monoterpenaldehydes citral a, citral b and citronellal. the antiviral effect of lemon balm oil, the essential oil of melissa officinalis, on herpes simpl ... | 2008 | 18693101 |
| tracing of the molecular remnants of herpes virus infections in necrotic skin tissue. | we have established an assay system to detect herpesvirus-derived transcripts in lesional crusts. fifteen patients with herpes simplex (hs), 21 with herpes zoster (hz), 2 with varicella, and 20 with irrelevant diseases were enrolled in the present study. total rna was extracted from crusts or scales, and converted to cdna. virus-encoded transcripts were amplified using reverse transcriptase (rt)-pcr. housekeeping gene transcripts such as beta2-microglobulin (beta2-mg) and beta-actin (beta-actin) ... | 2008 | 18693150 |
| polysaccharides from gracilaria corticata: sulfation, chemical characterization and anti-hsv activities. | in this study, we have analyzed water-extracted polysaccharides of gracilaria corticata. the water extract (we), a galactan-containing sub-fraction (f3) and their hyper sulfated derivatives (wes1, wes2, f3s1 and f3s2) had anti-hsv activity with inhibitory concentration 50% (ic50) from 1.1 to 27.4 microg/ml. sub-fraction f3, which has a molecular mass of 30 kda, consists of a backbone of beta-(1-->3) and alpha-(1-->4)-linked-galactopyranosyl residues. this linear galactan contained gal2xyl1, gal2 ... | 2008 | 18694781 |
| acyclovir susceptibility of herpes simplex virus isolates at king chulalongkorn memorial hospital, bangkok. | to determine the acv susceptibility in thai hsv clinical isolates. | 2008 | 18697392 |
| apolipoprotein e-epsilon 4 and recurrent genital herpes in individuals co-infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 and hiv. | apolipoprotein e (apoe) alleles have been associated with the severity of, or susceptibility to, infection by various microbes. we investigated the potential association between the apoe-epsilon 4 allele and the rate of recurrence of genital herpes in patients who were hiv positive and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) seropositive. the apoe-epsilon 4 allele was significantly associated with recurrent genital ulceration independent of ethnicity, antiretroviral therapy and cd4 count (or 8.3; 95 ... | 2008 | 18708484 |
| low effectiveness of syndromic treatment services for curable sexually transmitted infections in rural south africa. | syndromic sexually transmitted infection (sti) treatment remains a cost-saving hiv prevention intervention in many countries in africa. we estimate the effectiveness of syndromic treatment for curable stis in rural kwazulu-natal, south africa, and the trend in sti prevalences before and after the introduction of syndromic treatment in 1995. | 2008 | 18708485 |
| acute hydrocephalus secondary to herpes simplex type ii meningitis. | a 34-year-old woman presented with a rapid onset of meningitic symptoms. cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from a lumbar puncture revealed a leucocytosis with a preponderance of monocytes, elevated protein and reduced glucose. herpes simplex virus (hsv) type ii was subsequently confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of csf. the patient's level of consciousness deteriorated and a ct scan revealed hydrocephalus. the patient required placement of an external ventricular drain for 5 days; however, she ... | 2008 | 18710809 |
| obesity and the likelihood of sexual behavioral risk factors for hpv and cervical cancer. | obesity is associated with higher cervical cancer mortality, but its relationship with sexual behavioral risk factors that predispose women to human papilloma virus (hpv) and cervical cancer is unclear. we used data from 3,329 women participants, aged 20-59 years, of the 1999-2004 national health and nutrition examination survey, to analyze the relationship between bmi and age at first intercourse, number of sexual partners, condom use during sexual activity, history of sexually transmitted dise ... | 2008 | 18719677 |
| prevalence and predictors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among female sex workers in yunnan province, china. | the objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), and to evaluate the relationship between hsv-2 infection and sociodemographic factors and the sexual practices of female sex workers (fsws) in kaiyuan city, yunnan province, china. this cross-sectional study involved 737 fsws and was carried out from march to may 2006 with confidential interviews and laboratory tests for hsv-2 and other sexually transmitted infections (sti). hsv-2 was the most ... | 2008 | 18725558 |
| a 3'-untranslated region polymorphism in the tbx21 gene encoding t-bet is a risk factor for genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in humans. | it was recently shown that the transcription factor t-bet is crucial for adequate innate and acquired immune responses to genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection in mice. to test the possible genetic influence of variations in the tbx21 gene encoding t-bet on susceptibility to infection, this study evaluated the frequencies of five different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the human tbx21 gene in 159 hsv-2-infected individuals and compared them with those in 186 healthy h ... | 2008 | 18753235 |
| [recurrent genital herpes]. | in recent years, the rate of genital infections caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2) has increased. following primary infection with hsv-2, recurrent genital herpes (gh) often develops or asymptomatic virus shedding occurs. hsv-1-induced gh recurrencies are significantly less frequent. the options for diagnosing hsv infections have improved markedly: they include determination of type-specific antibodies in the blood (anti-hsv-1 and anti-hsv-2), culture of hsv from lesions ... | 2008 | 18756434 |
| ethnic differences in hsv1 and hsv2 seroprevalence in amsterdam, the netherlands. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) and 2 (hsv2) infection can lead to significant morbidity, and hsv2 is considered a risk factor for hiv transmission. the majority of hsv-infected people are asymptomatic and unaware of their infection. we aimed to determine the hsv1 and hsv2 prevalence among various ethnic groups in a large urban area in the netherlands. in 2004, serum samples from a population-based serum repository of 1,325 people over 18 years living in amsterdam were tested for hsv1 and hsv ... | 2008 | 18761942 |
| assessing the efficacy of cidofovir against herpesvirus-induced genital lesions in goats using different therapeutic regimens. | caprine herpesvirus 1 (cphv-1) infection in goats induces genital vesicular-ulcerative lesions that strictly resemble those produced by human herpesvirus 2 in humans. in previous studies, the potent inhibition of cphv-1 by cidofovir was demonstrated. cidofovir antiherpetic activity was evaluated in goats infected experimentally by the vaginal route with cphv-1 and then treated locally at different times after infection. the administration of 1% cidofovir cream onto vaginal mucosa was able to pre ... | 2008 | 18765685 |
| sexually transmissible infections and prostate cancer risk. | sexually transmissible infections (sti) have been variably associated with increased risks of prostate cancer, largely in case-control studies. | 2008 | 18768506 |
| is suspicion of genital herpes infection associated with avoiding sex? a clinic-based study. | the present study tested the research hypothesis that sexually transmissible disease (std) clinic patients suspecting genital herpes infection would be more likely than their 'non-suspecting' counterparts to abstain from sex to avoid transmission of a perceived std. | 2008 | 18771644 |
| the regai dzive shiri project: a cluster randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of a multi-component community-based hiv prevention intervention for rural youth in zimbabwe--study design and baseline results. | to assess the effectiveness of a community-based hiv prevention intervention for adolescents in terms of its impact on (1) hiv and herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) incidence and on rates of unintended pregnancy and (2) reported sexual behaviour, knowledge and attitudes. | 2008 | 18778329 |
| coinfection alters the playing field: herpesviruses induce acyclovir to inhibit hiv. | the antiherpes drug acyclovir was found to inhibit hiv following its phosphorylation by human herpesviruses, providing a hypothesis to explain the observed beneficial effects of acyclovir therapy on hiv viral load and hiv disease progression. this report underscores the importance of studying hiv in the context of microbial copathogens. | 2008 | 18779044 |
| acyclovir is activated into a hiv-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor in herpesvirus-infected human tissues. | for most viruses, there is a need for antimicrobials that target unique viral molecular properties. acyclovir (acv) is one such drug. it is activated into a human herpesvirus (hhv) dna polymerase inhibitor exclusively by hhv kinases and, thus, does not suppress other viruses. here, we show that acv suppresses hiv-1 in hhv-coinfected human tissues, but not in hhv-free tissue or cell cultures. however, addition of hhv-6-infected cells renders these cultures sensitive to anti-hiv acv activity. we h ... | 2008 | 18779052 |
| bacterial vaginosis among pregnant women in burkina faso. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common cause of abnormal or altered vaginal discharge in women of childbearing age. its association with obstetric and gynecologic complications and hiv are increasingly recognized. few population-based surveys of bv have been conducted in africa. the objective of the study was to examine the role of genital infections including herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and demographic factors on the prevalence of bv among pregnant women in burkina faso. | 2008 | 18779763 |
| rapidly cleared episodes of herpes simplex virus reactivation in immunocompetent adults. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) remains latent in nerve root ganglia of infected persons and is thought to reactivate several times yearly. recent in situ data show the localization of hsv-specific cd8(+) t cells at the dermal epidermal junction next to peripheral sensory nerve endings, suggesting that viral reactivation may occur more frequently than previously appreciated. | 2008 | 18783315 |
| asymptomatic shedding of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2: implications for prevention of transmission. | 2008 | 18783317 |