Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| trichomonas vaginalis: analysis of a heat-inducible member of the cytosolic heat-shock-protein 70 multigene family. | a 2253-nucleotide (nt) transcript for a trichomonas vaginalis heat-shock protein 70, tvchsp70, has been isolated that encodes for a protein of 659 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 71.3 kda. tvchsp70 has a short (10-nt) 5' untranslated region (utr), and the 263-nt 3' utr is the longest reported for a trichomonas peptide. amino-acid sequence analysis and phylogenetic comparison identifies tvchsp70 as a member of the heat-inducible cytoplasmic hsp70 gene family. southern-blot data i ... | 2000 | 10935914 |
| vaginal fetal fibronectin measurements from 8 to 22 weeks' gestation and subsequent spontaneous preterm birth. | we sought to determine the range of fetal fibronectin values in the vagina from 8 to 22 weeks' gestation, the factors associated with both low and high values, and whether high values are associated with gestational age at birth. | 2000 | 10942489 |
| cp30, a cysteine proteinase involved in trichomonas vaginalis cytoadherence. | we describe here the participation of a trichomonas vaginalis 30-kda proteinase (cp30) with affinity to the hela cell surface in attachment of this parasite to host epithelial cells. the cp30 band is a cysteine proteinase because its activity was inhibited by e-64, a thiol proteinase inhibitor. in two-dimensional substrate gel electrophoresis of total extracts of the trichomonad isolate cncd 147, three spots with proteolytic activity were detected in the 30-kda region, in the pi range from 4.5 t ... | 2000 | 10948104 |
| improvement of clinical algorithms for the diagnosis of neisseria gonorrhoeae and chlamydia trachomatis by the use of gram-stained smears among female sex workers in accra, ghana. | screening for cervical infection is difficult in developing countries. screening strategies must be improved for high-risk women, such as female sex workers. | 2000 | 10949431 |
| [neonatal respiratory insufficiency caused by maternal infection with trichomonas vaginalis]. | authors presented cases of two premature newborns with severe respiratory insufficiency due to congenital maternal trichomonas vaginalis infection requiring mechanical ventilation. they focused on this special perinatal problem and also on diagnostical and therapeutical modalities of this newly recognised syndrome in the early neonatal period. | 2000 | 10979312 |
| a comparative study of genotoxic effects in the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis infection: metronidazole or nalidixic acid. | we performed a prospective randomized study to compare the potential genotoxic effects of metronidazole and nalidixic acid which they are used in the treatment of trichomonas vaginalis infection. 20 patients with trichomonas vaginalis infections participated in this study. 14 patients with vaginal trichomoniasis were treated with therapeutic doses of metronidazole 250 mg 3 times/d and six patients were treated with nalidixic acid 400 mg twice a day for 10 d. the genotoxic potential of a variety ... | 2000 | 10985613 |
| new pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazines: synthesis and biological activity. | some new pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazines and related heterocycles were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal and antiparasitic activities. the key intermediate, 6-amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1h-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5-carbonitrile (3) was obtained in a one-pot synthesis via the reaction of 5-amino-3-methyl-4-nitroso-1-phenylpyrazole 2 with malononitrile. | 2000 | 10989833 |
| do anti-tricomonas vaginalis antibodies recognize hiv gp41? | 2000 | 10997416 | |
| purification and specificity of two alpha-glucosidase isoforms of the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis. | two isoforms of alpha-glucosidase were purified from the parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis. both consisted of 103 kda subunits, but differed in ph optimum and substrate specificity. isoform 1 had a ph optimum around 4.5 and negligible activity on glucose oligomers other than maltose, while isoform 2 with a ph optimum of 5.5 hydrolyzed also such substrates at considerable rates. neither had activity on glycogen or starch. isoform 1 had a specific activity for hydrolysis of maltose of 30 u/m ... | 2000 | 11001140 |
| contributions of the axostyle and flagella to closed mitosis in the protists tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis. | tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis are protists that undergo closed mitosis: the nuclear envelope remains intact and the spindle remains extranuclear. here we show, in disagreement with previous studies, that the axostyle does not disappear during mitosis but rather actively participates in it. we document the main structural modifications of the cell during its cell cycle using video enhanced microscopy and computer animation, bright field light microscopy, confocal laser scanning ... | 2000 | 11001145 |
| the interaction of trichomonas vaginalis with epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes and erythrocytes on vaginal smears: light microscopic observation. | in this study, vaginal smears taken from 400 patients were examined cytologically using the papanicolaou technique. twenty of the 400 patients were detected as harbouring trichomonas vaginalis. the interactions of t. vaginalis with epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnls) and erythrocytes were determined at light microscopic level. it was observed that t. vaginalis were juxtaposed to the epithelial cells and changed shape according to the contours of the epithelial cell revealing t ... | 2000 | 11014660 |
| detection of trichomonosis in vaginal and urine specimens from women by culture and pcr. | vaginal trichomonosis is a highly prevalent infection which has been associated with human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and preterm birth. culture is the current "gold standard" for diagnosis. as urine-based testing using dna amplification techniques becomes more widely used for other sexually transmitted diseases (stds) such as gonorrhea and chlamydia, a similar technique for trichomonosis would be highly desirable. women attending an std clinic for a new complaint were screened for trich ... | 2000 | 11015368 |
| origin and evolution of eukaryotic chaperonins: phylogenetic evidence for ancient duplications in cct genes. | chaperonins are oligomeric protein-folding complexes which are divided into two distantly related structural classes. group i chaperonins (called groel/cpn60/hsp60) are found in bacteria and eukaryotic organelles, while group ii chaperonins are present in archaea and the cytoplasm of eukaryotes (called cct/tric). while archaea possess one to three chaperonin subunit-encoding genes, eight distinct cct gene families (paralogs) have been characterized in eukaryotes. we are interested in determining ... | 2000 | 11018153 |
| dependence of trichomonas vaginalis upon polyamine backconversion. | trichomonas vaginalis grown for 16 h in the presence of [(14)c]spermine formed a high intracellular pool of [(14)c]spermidine and a small but detectable pool of [(14)c]putrescine. when [(3)h]putrescine was added to the growth medium, a large intracellular pool of [(3)h]putrescine was found, but it was not further metabolized, confirming previous studies suggesting the absence of a forward-directed polyamine synthetic pathway in t. vaginalis. spermidine:sperminen:(1)-acetyltransferase (ssat) and ... | 2000 | 11021947 |
| in vitro sensitivity of trichomonas vaginalis to dna topoisomerase ii inhibitors. | vaginal trichomoniasis is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted disease caused by a microaerophilic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. the disease is one of the most common sexually transmitted disease and can augment the predisposition of individuals to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. although the disease can be treated with metronidazole and related 5-nitroimidazole, cases of trichomonal vaginitis which are refractory to standard treatment seems to be increasing. clearly, new ant ... | 2000 | 11023077 |
| trichomonas vaginalis epidemiology: parameterising and analysing a model of treatment interventions. | trichomonas vaginalis, which affects at least 170 million individuals globally, may increase the risk of transmission of hiv and predispose pregnant women to premature rupture of membranes and early labour. | 2000 | 11026878 |
| risk and prevalence of treatable sexually transmitted diseases at a birmingham substance abuse treatment facility. | we evaluated the prevalence of gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and syphilis in patients entering residential drug treatment. | 2000 | 11029998 |
| effect of a cellulose acetate phthalate topical cream on vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus in rhesus monkeys. | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection continues to spread in developing countries, mostly through heterosexual transmission. the development of a safe and cost-effective topical microbicide, effective against a range of stds including hiv-1, would greatly impact the ongoing epidemic. when formulated in a vehicle, a micronized form of cellulose acetate phthalate (cap), which is an inactive pharmaceutical excipient, has been shown to inactivate hiv-1, herpes simplex virus types 1 a ... | 2000 | 11036053 |
| blastocystis hominis: a simplified, high-efficiency method for clonal growth on solid agar. | colony growth of protozoan parasites in agar can be useful for axenization, cloning, and viability studies. this is usually achieved with the pour plate method, for which the parasite colonies are situated within the agar. this technique has been described for giardia intestinalis, trichomonas vaginalis, and entamoeba and blastocystis species. extracting such colonies can be laborious. it would be especially useful if parasites could be grown on agar as colonies. these colonies, being exposed on ... | 2000 | 11038315 |
| competition and protease sensitivity assays provide evidence for the existence of a hydrogenosomal protein import machinery in trichomonas vaginalis. | hydrogenosomes are double membrane bounded redox organelles found in a number of amitochondriate protists and fungi. they are involved in carbohydrate metabolism and atp synthesis and thus resemble mitochondria. molecular analysis of the hydrogenosomal heat shock proteins hsp70, hsp60 and hsp10 in trichomonas vaginalis, one of the deepest-branching eukaryotes known to date, has revealed that these group exclusively with mitochondrial heat shock proteins. this finding indicates strongly that a pr ... | 2000 | 10743607 |
| centrin protein and genes in trichomonas vaginalis and close relatives. | anti-centrin monoclonal antibodies 20h5 and 11b2 produced against clamydomononas centrin decorated the group of basal bodies as well as very closely attached structures in all trichomonads studied and in the devescovinids foaina and devescovina. moreover, these antibodies decorated the undulating membrane in trichomonas vaginalis, trichomitus batrachorum, and tritrichomonas foetus, and the cresta in foaina. centrin was not demonstrated in the dividing spindle and paradesmosis. immunogold labelin ... | 2000 | 10750840 |
| gynaecological infections as risk determinants of subsequent cervical neoplasia. | a longitudinal cohort study was carried out to determine whether gynaecological infections other than human papillomavirus (hpv) are also related to the subsequent increased risk of cervical neoplasia. the study comprised 19114 women attending the organized mass screening in finland in 1985-1990 with cytologically detected hpv, actinomyces, herpes simplex, trichomonas vaginalis, or yeast. the women were followed-up for subsequent preinvasive lesions and invasive cancers until the end of 1994 by ... | 2000 | 10752657 |
| 18s ribosomal dna-based pcr for diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis remains the most common sexually transmitted parasite in the world and is considered a major risk factor in the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. a pcr technique using primers targeting a specific region of the 18s rrna gene of t. vaginalis was developed. the pcr test was standardized using 15 reference strains, giving a single product of 312 bp in all strains. no amplification was observed when dna from related organisms or human dna was used as a target. t ... | 2000 | 10878064 |
| incidence of gardnerella vaginalis, candida sp and human papilloma virus in cytological smears. | in spite of the wide-ranging literature on the microbiology of normal and abnormal flora of the vagina, there are few studies on the relationship between human papilloma virus (hpv) and other vaginal microorganisms. | 2000 | 10887386 |
| in vitro screening of american plant extracts on trypanosoma cruzi and trichomonas vaginalis. | from the beginning of this decade and with the revival of the phytotherapy, biological research about immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antiprotozoal effects of central and south american plants have been in progress. our objective was to determine the antiprotozoal activity of 79 extracts from different plant families, including asteraceae, araceae, moraceae, solanaceae, rhamnaceae, zingiberaceae, leguminosae and sapotaceae. once matching with herbarium specimens authenticated the plants, ... | 2000 | 10904152 |
| prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among clients of female commercial sex workers in thailand. | clients of commercial sex workers are considered at high risk for the acquisition and transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (stds). identification and treatment of infections in this group could help to reduce the transmission of stds. | 2000 | 10907913 |
| interventions for treating trichomoniasis in women. | around 120 million women worldwide suffer from trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis every year. the infection is sexually transmitted and is believed to facilitate hiv transmission. | 2000 | 10908466 |
| iron hydrogenases and the evolution of anaerobic eukaryotes. | hydrogenases, oxygen-sensitive enzymes that can make hydrogen gas, are key to the function of hydrogen-producing organelles (hydrogenosomes), which occur in anaerobic protozoa scattered throughout the eukaryotic tree. hydrogenases also play a central role in the hydrogen and syntrophic hypotheses for eukaryogenesis. here, we show that sequences related to iron-only hydrogenases ([fe] hydrogenases) are more widely distributed among eukaryotes than reports of hydrogen production have suggested. ge ... | 2000 | 11070057 |
| lateral gene transfer and metabolic adaptation in the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis. | 2000 | 11070064 | |
| levels of vaginal secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor are decreased in women with lower reproductive tract infections. | secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor contributes resistance to primary human immunodeficiency virus infection in the oral cavity. however, the levels of this inhibitor in the genital tract of women with sexually transmitted diseases or vaginitis are not well described. the objective was to determine vaginal inhibitor levels in women with symptomatic and asymptomatic genital infections. | 2000 | 11084573 |
| pyridazine n-oxides. iii. synthesis and "in vitro" antimicrobial properties of n-oxide derivatives based on tricyclic indeno[2,1-c]pyridazine and benzo[f]cinnoline systems. | a number of 9h-indeno[2,1-c]pyridazine n-oxides (3a-c) and benzo[f]cinnoline n-oxides (4,5a-c) have been synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activity. all new products were inactive against gram negative bacteria and fungi. in contrast, among the compounds synthesized, 3b, 4b and 5b showed a moderate activity against gram positive staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis. of the present series, the 9-nitro-benzo[f]cinnoline n-oxide 5b possessed the highest activity especially ag ... | 2000 | 11092137 |
| the use of molecular techniques for the diagnosis and epidemiologic study of sexually transmitted infections. | molecular diagnostic tests are more sensitive and, in many cases, more specific than conventional laboratory methods for the detection of sexually transmitted infections. here, we review recently developed molecular methods for the diagnosis and subtyping of the most common sexually transmitted infections: infections caused by chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, human papillomavirus, trichomonas vaginalis, and the agents of genital ulcer disease (haemophilus ducreyi, herpes simplex vir ... | 2000 | 11095835 |
| phylogenomic analysis of the alpha proteasome gene family from early-diverging eukaryotes. | we employed a phylogenomic approach to study the evolution of alpha subunits of the proteasome gene family from early diverging eukaryotes. blast similarity searches of the giardia lamblia genome identified all seven alpha proteasome genes characteristic of eukaryotes from the crown group. in addition, a pcr strategy for the amplification of multiple alpha subunit sequences generated single alpha proteasome products for representatives of the kinetoplastida (leishmania major), the parabasalia (t ... | 2000 | 11116327 |
| a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of monthly azithromycin prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections and hiv-1 in kenyan sex workers: study design and baseline findings. | our objectives were to describe the baseline findings of a trial of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections (stis) and hiv-1 in a cohort of nairobi female sex workers (fsws). a questionnaire was administered and a medical examination was performed. hiv-negative women were randomly assigned to either one gram azithromycin or placebo monthly. mean age of the 318 women was 32 years, mean duration of sex work 7 years and mean number of clients was 4 per day. high-risk behav ... | 2000 | 11138916 |
| high prevalence of trichomoniasis in rural men in mwanza, tanzania: results from a population based study. | to measure the prevalence of urethral infections including trichomoniasis in rural tanzanian men, to assess the prevalence of symptoms and signs among men with trichomonas vaginalis, and to analyse the risk factors for trichomoniasis. | 2000 | 11141851 |
| resistance of trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole: report of the first three cases from finland and optimization of in vitro susceptibility testing under various oxygen concentrations. | trichomonas vaginalis is a globally common sexually transmitted human parasite. many strains of t. vaginalis from around the world have been described to be resistant to the current drug of choice, metronidazole. however, only a few cases of metronidazole resistance have been reported from europe. the resistant strains cause prolonged infections which are difficult to treat. t. vaginalis infection also increases the risk for human immunodeficiency virus transmission. we present a practical metho ... | 2000 | 10655382 |
| the complete cdna sequence of a type ii trichomonas vaginalis virus. | trichomonas vaginalis viruses (tvv), which may regulate p270 gene expression in the protozoan pathogen t. vaginalis, are a group of divergent double-stranded (ds) rna viruses. in the present study, the complete 4674-bp cdna sequence of a 4.6-kb ds rna from a newly identified tvv2-1 isolate was determined. the sequence of the plus-strand mrna contains four open reading frames, which encode overlapping cap and pol genes in the reading frame 2 and reading frame 1, respectively, and two putative ser ... | 2000 | 10662630 |
| disease prevalence in women attending the std clinic in mumbai (formerly bombay), india. | our objectives were to determine the prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae and its association with other std causing organisms. three hundred and thirty-six consecutive women (female sex workers (fsws) and married contacts), attending a sexually transmitted disease (std) clinic in mumbai, were screened for n. gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis and trichomonas vaginalis. per speculum examination was performed and clinical signs were recorded. symptoms perceived by the women were also recorded. the ... | 2000 | 10667900 |
| immunolocalization of two hydrogenosomal enzymes of trichomonas vaginalis. | three monoclonal antibodies specific for malic enzyme and for the alpha- and beta-subunits, respectively, of the succinyl-coenzyme a (coa) synthetase of trichomonas vaginalis were used to immunolocalize these proteins in the cell. all antibodies labeled the hydrogenosome matrix as determined both by immunofluorescence and by immunogold staining. there was no labeling on the cell surface or in any other cell compartment. these results support the idea that these proteins are restricted to a hydro ... | 2000 | 10669133 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: detection of nucleoside hydrolase activity as a potential screening procedure. | 2000 | 10673349 | |
| effect of chlorhexidine on genital microflora, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. | chlorhexidine is a disinfectant that has been used in skin and mouth washes and as a preservative in some vaginal lubricants. a gel containing 0.25% chlorhexidine gluconate has been found to be effective against chlamydia trachomatis in vitro and in animal models. applied vaginally, 5 g of this gel could achieve vaginal fluid concentrations of < or = 1250 microg/ml. | 2000 | 10676973 |
| the impact of regular vaginal ph screening on the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. | bacterial vaginosis has recently been associated with preterm labor and delivery. the purpose of our study was to determine whether regular prenatal vaginal ph testing resulted in more frequent diagnoses of bacterial vaginosis and other vaginal infections, more frequent treatment with antibiotics, and fewer preterm deliveries. we also sought to determine the sensitivity and specificity of ph testing and vaginal symptom reporting in identifying vaginal infections. | 2000 | 10678339 |
| antigenicity of trichomonas vaginalis heat-shock proteins in human infections. | patients infected with trichomonas vaginalis mount humoral and cellular immune responses that often do not protect against reinfection. the oxidative stressors produced by leukocytes may trigger a heat-shock-like response in t. vaginalis trophozoites, helping the parasite to survive host immune defenses. the antigenicity of t. vaginalis heat-shock proteins (hsps) was examined by immunoprecipitation of t. vaginalis heat-induced proteins with sera from infected patients and controls. when t. vagin ... | 2000 | 10685842 |
| etiology of sexually transmitted infections among street-based female sex workers in dhaka, bangladesh. | an etiological study of sexually transmitted infections (stis) was conducted among female sex workers (fsws) in dhaka, bangladesh. endocervical swab and blood samples from 269 street-based fsws were examined for neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, and trichomonas vaginalis as well as for antibodies to treponema pallidum and herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2). sociodemographic data and data regarding behavior were also collected. a total of 226 of the 269 fsws (84%) were positive for the st ... | 2000 | 10699032 |
| failure to detect dna in hydrogenosomes of trichomonas vaginalis by nick translation and immunomicroscopy. | 2000 | 10699261 | |
| trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis. coexistence in vaginal wet mount preparations from pregnant women. | to identify how frequently trichomoniasis and characteristics of bacterial vaginosis (bv) occur concomitantly in wet mount preparations from pregnant women. | 2000 | 10710744 |
| presence of a member of the mitochondrial carrier family in hydrogenosomes: conservation of membrane-targeting pathways between hydrogenosomes and mitochondria. | a number of microaerophilic eukaryotes lack mitochondria but possess another organelle involved in energy metabolism, the hydrogenosome. limited phylogenetic analyses of nuclear genes support a common origin for these two organelles. we have identified a protein of the mitochondrial carrier family in the hydrogenosome of trichomonas vaginalis and have shown that this protein, hmp31, is phylogenetically related to the mitochondrial adp-atp carrier (aac). we demonstrate that the hydrogenosomal aac ... | 2000 | 10713172 |
| pathogenesis of abnormal vaginal bacterial flora. | this study was undertaken to determine the relationships between microscopy findings on wet mounts, such as lactobacillary grade or vaginal leukocytosis, and results of vaginal culture, lactate and succinate content of the vagina, and levels of selected cytokines. | 2000 | 10764465 |
| a novel cysteine proteinase (cp65) of trichomonas vaginalis involved in cytotoxicity. | the goal of this study was to demonstrate the participation in cellular damage of a trichomonas vaginalis proteinase with a molecular mass of 65 kda (cp65). by two dimensional gelatin-gel electrophoresis of trichomonad proteins we detected four spots with proteolytic activity on the 65 kda region, but only one, pi 7.2, binds to the hela cell surface. by indirect immunofluorescence, rabbit antibodies against this proteinase localized the cp65 on the plasma membrane and in the cytoplasm of t. vagi ... | 2000 | 10764610 |
| can a two-glass urine test or leucocyte esterase test of first-void urine improve syndromic management of male urethritis in southern thailand? | the goal of this study was to determine whether a urine two-glass test or a leucocyte esterase (le) test of first-void urine (fvu) improve the sensitivity or specificity of the world health organization (who) algorithm for the syndromic management of men with urethritis in southern thailand. a secondary aim was to determine whether infection with trichomonas vaginalis was sufficiently common to include treatment for it in a syndromic management protocol. one hundred and twenty-nine men with symp ... | 2000 | 10772086 |
| treatment of sexually transmitted bacterial diseases in pregnant women. | testing for and treating sexually transmitted diseases (stds) in pregnant women deserves special attention. treatment possibilities are limited because of potential risks for the developing fetus, and because effects can differ in pregnant compared with non-pregnant women, re-infection may be missed because of the intrinsic delicacy of contact-tracing during pregnancy and because pregnant women are more reluctant to take the prescribed medication in its full dose, if at all. however, the devasta ... | 2000 | 10776830 |
| comparative prevalence of infection with trichomonas vaginalis among men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. | although established in women as a common cause of vaginal discharge, the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) in men compared with other classic urethral pathogens has not been well characterized. to assess this issue, the authors compared the prevalence of neisseria gonorrhoeae (gc), chlamydia trachomatis (ct), and tv in consecutive men attending a sexually transmitted diseases (std) clinic. | 2000 | 10782747 |
| consider diagnosis and treatment of trichomoniasis in men. | 2000 | 10782748 | |
| correlation between trichomoniasis vaginalis and female infertility. | trichomoniasis vaginalis is one of the common parasitic infection in females. the present results showed that infertile women with t. vaginalis with or without pathogenic microorganisms have decreased c3 & c4, increased iga level in vaginal discharge and increased serum prolactin. so. t. vaginalis is incriminated as one of the causes of their infertility. | 2000 | 10786039 |
| interventions for trichomoniasis in pregnancy. | vaginitis due to trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common of sexually transmitted diseases. trichomoniasis affects women during pregnancy as well but it is not clearly established whether it causes preterm birth and other pregnancy complications. | 2000 | 10796181 |
| interventions for treating trichomoniasis in women. | around 120 million women worldwide suffer from trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis every year. the infection is sexually transmitted and is believed to facilitate hiv transmission. the objective of the review is to assess the effects of various treatment strategies for trichomoniasis in women. | 2000 | 10796512 |
| antifungal and antiprotozoal activities of saponins from hedera colchica. | 2000 | 10798254 | |
| validity of the vaginal discharge algorithm among pregnant and non-pregnant women in nairobi, kenya. | to evaluate the validity of different algorithms for the diagnosis of gonococcal and chlamydial infections among pregnant and non-pregnant women consulting health services for vaginal discharge in nairobi, kenya. | 2000 | 10817066 |
| a randomized trial of intravaginal nonoxynol 9 versus oral metronidazole in the treatment of vaginal trichomoniasis. | this study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of nonoxynol 9 suppositories in the treatment of vaginal trichomoniasis. | 2000 | 10819810 |
| incidence and predictors of reinfection with trichomonas vaginalis in hiv-infected women. | the presence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) may facilitate transmission of hiv to uninfected partners. | 2000 | 10821602 |
| evolution of the eukaryotic translation termination system: origins of release factors. | accurate translation termination is essential for cell viability. in eukaryotes, this process is strictly maintained by two proteins, eukaryotic release factor 1 (erf1), which recognizes all stop codons and hydrolyzes peptidyl-trna, and eukaryotic release factor 3 (erf3), which is an elongation factor 1alpha (ef-1alpha) homolog stimulating erf1 activity. to retrace the evolution of this core system, we cloned and sequenced the erf3 genes from trichomonas vaginalis (parabasalia) and giardia lambl ... | 2000 | 10833194 |
| trichomonas vaginalis in urine cytology. | 2000 | 10834019 | |
| the length of the combined 3' untranslated region and poly(a) tail does not control rates of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mrna translation in three species of parasitic protists. | experimental observations suggested that the length of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) mrna 3' end has a role in regulating rates of translation in the parasitic protists trypanosoma brucei, leishmania donovani, and trichomonas vaginalis. using a pcr assay for poly(a) tail length, we measured the size of the rna 3' end under different growth conditions in all three species. our results showed that the combined 3' untranslated region and poly(a) tail of gapdh mrna do not vary ... | 2000 | 10852893 |
| cytopathogenic effect of trichomonas vaginalis on human vaginal epithelial cells cultured in vitro. | in this study we established human vaginal epithelial cells (hvecs) in culture and evaluated their interaction with trichomonas vaginalis parasites to complement previous studies using other cell types. primary cultures of hvecs were established. contaminating fibroblasts were separated from epithelial cells by differential trypsinization. specific antibody staining revealed that over 92% of cells in hvec monolayers were epithelial cells. t. vaginalis adhered to hvecs and produced severe cytotox ... | 2000 | 10858237 |
| host and tissue specificity of trichomonas vaginalis is not mediated by its known adhesion proteins. | adhesion of trichomonas vaginalis is believed to be dependent on four adhesion proteins, which are thought to bind to vaginal epithelial cells in a specific manner with a ligand-receptor type of interaction. however, the specific receptors on the host cell have not yet been identified. in this work, the ability of the t. vaginalis adhesins to bind to cells of different histologic derivations and from different species has been studied. hela, cho, and vero cell lines; erythrocytes from different ... | 2000 | 10858260 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: characterization, expression, and phylogenetic analysis of a carbamate kinase gene sequence. | the gene encoding carbamate kinase (cbk, atp:carbamate phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.2.2) from trichomonas vaginalis has been sequenced and its expression in this protozoon has been verified using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. the codon usage and percentage nucleotide composition in the coding and noncoding regions are consistent with other genes isolated from this parasite. phylogenetic analysis of this gene has suggested possible speciation events that are congruent with other ... | 2000 | 10864518 |
| use of intravaginal microbicides to prevent acquisition of trichomonas vaginalis infection in lactobacillus-pretreated, estrogenized young mice. | d2a21, a novel peptide antibiotic has in vitro activity against a wide spectrum of sexually transmitted diseases (std). in this study we tested the hypothesis that intravaginal d2a21 would interfere with acquisition of trichomonas vaginalis infection in a modified mouse model. t. vaginalis infections of estrogenized young mice pretreated with lactobacillus vaginalis or lactobacillus rhamnosus were more frequent and persistent than those in mice pre-treated with lactobacillus gasseri or lactobaci ... | 2000 | 11421379 |
| [vaginal trichomoniasis in a group of hiv-positive people]. | a total of 132 women who received attention at the outpatient department of dermatology of the "pedro kouri" institute of tropical medicine from january to july, 1998, were studied. 64 of them were hiv carriers and 68 were sound controls. on determining the infection frequency by trichomonas vaginalis, it was found that 15.6% and 16.1%, respectively, were parasitized by this protozoa. the diagnostic techniques used were simple direct examination of the vaginal exudate and culture in vitro. the l ... | 2000 | 11826530 |
| biology of trichomonosis. | trichomonas vaginalis is emerging as a major pathogen of men and women and is associated with serious health consequences. advances in diagnosis and treatment are presented. the complexity of trichomonad pathogenesis is illustrated in the interaction of this parasite with human cells, tissues and the immune system. it is now becoming evident that the interaction of trichomonads with the host is frequently modulated by environmental signals. the molecular biology of trichomonads is still in its i ... | 2000 | 11964771 |
| [the technical improvement of staining of trichomonas vaginalis]. | 2000 | 12206005 | |
| trichomonas vaginalis-an indicator for other sexually transmitted infecting agents. | the present study is based on 350 women having sexually transmitted diseases (std) and 68 male counterparts. trichomonas vaginalis was a significant contributor in 216 (61.7%) out of 350 female std cases and 56 (82.3%) out of 68 male counterparts. further, out of 126 (58.3%) out of 216 cases of t. vaginalis, 41 cases (32.5%) were associated with candida species; 29 cases (23%) were associated with neisseria gonorrhoeae (n gonorrhoeae); haemophilus ducreyi (h. ducreyi) 18 cases (14.3%) and chlamy ... | 2000 | 20877088 |
| diagnostic value of the papanicolaou smear in lower genital tract infections during pregnancy. | to evaluate the diagnostic value of the pap smear in lower genital tract infections during pregnancy. | 2000 | 25951154 |
| [a clinical and microbiological study of bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis in pregnant women]. | infectious complications in pregnancy and delivery are still y serious problem in obstetrical, gynecological and neonatological practice. the main part of them are caused from the anaerobic organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis as well from sexually transmitted pathogens. in this study we present data about the frequency of spreading of bacterial vaginosis and vaginitis in pregnant women at different stages of pregnancy. we held y study of 106 pregnant women aged between 15 and 35, regis ... | 1999 | 11965718 |
| [study on etiologic agents of vaginitis]. | in order to provide scientific basis for preventing and curing vaginitis, etiologic agents were examined in 354 patients with vaginitis and 115 healthy women using rapid and reliable laboratory methods. the inducements of vaginitis were analysed. the results showed that candida was only detected for the normal control group. bacteria, candida and trichomonas were the commonest causes of vaginitis. with the increasing ages of patients with vaginitis, the incidence rates of all kinds of vaginitis ... | 1999 | 11938750 |
| acetarsol pessaries in the treatment of metronidazole resistant trichomonas vaginalis. | 1999 | 12035784 | |
| sequence analysis of genes encoding ribosomal proteins of amitochondriate protists: l1 of trichomonas vaginalis and l29 of giardia lamblia. | two genes encoding the ribosomal proteins were cloned and sequenced from amitochondriate protists, l1 (l10a in mammalian nomenclature) from trichomonas vaginalis and l29 (l35 in mammalian nomenclature) from giardia lamblia. the deduced amino acid sequences were analyzed by sequence alignments and phylogenetic reconstructions. both the t. vaginalis l1 and the g. lamblia l29 displayed eukaryotic sequence features, when compared with all the homologs from the three primary kingdoms. | 1999 | 11269274 |
| preliminary studies on target antigens for the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis infection. | trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoa residing in the human urogenital tract, causes one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, trichomoniasis. clinical diagnosis of t. vaginalis infection mainly involves a wet-mount microscopic examination, and a culture method, and both of which are either laborious or time-consuming. an immunodiagnostic strategy is under development, which is based on the fact that t. vaginalis releases various protein factors, notably proteinases, into the c ... | 1999 | 11561565 |
| diagnosis of symptomatic and asymptomatic trichomonas vaginalis infection by applying one tube nested pcr to vaginal discharge. | one tube nested-pcr targeting a species-specific tv-e650 repeat family of t. vaginalis genome, was applied to vaginal discharge specimen to diagnose symptomatic and asymptomatic trichomoniasis. the test was compared with axenic culture examination, wet mount preparation and papanicolaou stained smears. four-hundred and fifty cases symptomatic and symptomatic were collected over two years. out of 290 symptomatic women with cervicovaginitis and 160 asymptomatic women, 35 were culture positive for ... | 1999 | 12561939 |
| [a boy infant with trichomonas vaginalis infection of the urethra]. | 1999 | 12563773 | |
| a simple and rapid method for staining tritrichomonas foetus and trichomonas vaginalis. | 1999 | 12968765 | |
| non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu) due to trichomonas vaginalis in ibadan. | two hundred and sixty two male patients attending the special treatment clinic (stc) of the university college hospital, ibadan between july and december 1989, were examined for trichomonas vaginalis as a cause of non-gonococcal urethritis using both microscopic and culture methods. thirteen of the 262 male patients were the sexual partners of trichomonas vaginalis infected women. while 47(17.9) percent of the 262 men investigated had gonococcal urethritis, 215(82.1 percent) had non-gonococcal u ... | 1999 | 10876736 |
| [the preoperative preparation of the vagina with betadine before abortion on demand]. | recent evidence has associated bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis with several postoperative complications. we carried out a prospective study aiming to estimate the frequency of vaginitis in women wanting to make an artificial abortion and the possibility to influence this infections by local application of vaginal betadine suppositories in all forms of infectious vaginitis: candida albicans, trichomonas vaginalis and bacterial vaginosis. | 1999 | 10734676 |
| preliminary screening of antiprotozoal activity of extracts from cotula cinerea l. | ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and n.butanol extracts of cotula cinerea l. were tested for their antiprotozoal activity against two species of trichomonas: trichomonas intestinalis and trichomonas vaginalis. it has been found that the growth of both trichomonas was significantly inhibited. | 1999 | 10709453 |
| screening of antibacterial and antiparasitic activities of six moroccan medicinal plants. | the extracts of six plants selected on the basis of folk-medicine reports were examined for their antibacterial effects against eight pathogenic bacteria. the results showed that n-butanol extract of calotropis procera proved to be the most effective against the bacteria tested using the paper disc diffusion method. the antiprotozoal activity was also examined and showed that ethyl ether extract of sium nodiflorum exhibits a parasiticidal effect against trichomonas intestinalis and vaginalis. | 1999 | 10709454 |
| the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis infection in rural thai women. | a cross sectional study was designed to investigate the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis among different groups of rural women in the northeast thailand. the presence of chlamydial antigens in endocervical swabs was detected by elisa. the prevalences of chlamydia trachomatis were 6.8% (31/485), 5.2% (24/466) and 6.7% (12/179) in women attending antenatal, postpartum and family planning clinics respectively. the average prevalences of c. trachomatis among hospital-based and community-based wom ... | 1999 | 10695789 |
| [pathogen spectrum of urethritis in the man]. | 545 male patients with a tentative diagnosis "urethritis" were examined between november 1984 and december 1994 in the department of dermatology and venerology of the military hospital in ulm. the patients, aged from 18 to 58 years (mean age 24.1 years), were examined according to a standardized diagnostic procedure: smear preparations from the urethra with subsequent gram staining, bacterial cultures for aerobic bacteria, neisseria gonorrhoeae (cultures and phadebact gonococcus test), mycoplasm ... | 1999 | 10231688 |
| convergent evolution of trichomonas vaginalis lactate dehydrogenase from malate dehydrogenase. | lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) is present in the amitochondriate parasitic protist trichomonas vaginalis and some but not all other trichomonad species. the derived amino acid sequence of t. vaginalis ldh (tvldh) was found to be more closely related to the cytosolic malate dehydrogenase (mdh) of the same species than to any other ldh. a key difference between the two t. vaginalis sequences was that arg91 of mdh, known to be important in coordinating the c-4 carboxyl of oxalacetate/malate, was repla ... | 1999 | 10339579 |
| trichomonas vaginalis possesses a gene encoding the essential spliceosomal component, prp8. | 1999 | 10340492 | |
| complement-mediated regulation of trichomonas vaginalis infection in mice. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan which causes trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted disease of the human genitourinary tract. the importance of the alternative complement pathway in host defence against t. vaginalis was investigated in vitro. kinetic studies utilising immunofixation following electrophoresis showed that both a strongly and weakly virulent strain of t. vaginalis activated murine serum c3. in vivo studies with congenic-resistant, c5-deficient, b10.d2/osn- and c5-s ... | 1999 | 10343161 |
| antibiotics: treatment of preterm labor. | our intention is to review recent data and provide recommendations for the use of antibiotics in cases of preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pprom). various studies assessing antibiotics as treatment for preterm labor demonstrate neonatal or maternal benefits only in certain circumstances. antibiotic treatment should be given to patients with bacterial vaginosis and trichomonas vaginalis. currently, antibiotics should not be applied routinely to prolong pregnancy in wom ... | 1999 | 10343932 |
| urticaria from trichomonas vaginalis infection. | we report the case of a 32-year-old woman who had pruritic urticarial skin lesions associated with episodes of arthralgia. the first site affected by the eruption was the inside surface of the thighs; the patient also reported the presence of leukorrhea. the woman had previously been treated with h1 antagonist with moderate and transitory results; skin lesions reappeared just after the interruption of the treatment. her biochemical data showed increased levels of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ... | 1999 | 10353101 |
| regiospecific synthesis of pyrido[3,4-b]- and pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-5,11-dione derivatives. evaluation of their in vitro antifungal or antiprotozoological activities. | hetero diels-alder reactions between 2- or 3-bromocarbazolequinones 1a or 1b and azadiene 5 afford regiospecifically pyrido[3,4-b]- and pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole-3,5,11-triones 6a and 6b. the regiochemistry of the cycloadditions is controlled by the position of the bromine atom at c-2 or c-3 of the bromoquinone. the corresponding n- and o-methyl derivatives 7 and 8 are prepared. structural assignment of the regioisomers is made by 1h-nmr nuclear overhauser effect difference experiments performed on ... | 1999 | 10361697 |
| critical analysis of eukaryotic phylogeny: a case study based on the hsp70 family. | trichomonads, together with diplomonads and microsporidia, emerge at the base of the eukaryotic tree, on the basis of the small subunit rrna phylogeny. however, phylogenies based on protein sequences such as tubulin are markedly different with these protists emerging much later. we have investigated 70 kda heat-shock protein (hsp70), which could be a reliable phylogenetic marker. in eukaryotes, hsp70s are found in cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum, and organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts). in ... | 1999 | 10361733 |
| delayed versus immediate bedside inoculation of culture media for diagnosis of vaginal trichomonosis. | a comparison of delayed versus immediate inoculation of culture medium for the diagnosis of trichomonosis was conducted. the sensitivities of the two methods were 100 and 97.4%, respectively. delayed inoculation of culture medium for women without evidence of trichomonosis on direct microscopic examination is a valid diagnostic procedure. | 1999 | 10364619 |
| desulfovibrio desulfuricans iron hydrogenase: the structure shows unusual coordination to an active site fe binuclear center. | many microorganisms have the ability to either oxidize molecular hydrogen to generate reducing power or to produce hydrogen in order to remove low-potential electrons. these reactions are catalyzed by two unrelated enzymes: the ni-fe hydrogenases and the fe-only hydrogenases. | 1999 | 10368269 |
| [microflora of the female genitalia and its sensitivity to antibacterial drugs]. | 1999 | 10382037 | |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the nitroimidazole antimicrobials. | metronidazole, the prototype nitroimidazole antimicrobial, was originally introduced to treat trichomonas vaginalis, but is now used for the treatment of anaerobic and protozoal infections. the nitroimidazoles are bactericidal through toxic metabolites which cause dna strand breakage. resistance, both clinical and microbiological, has been described only rarely. metronidazole given orally is absorbed almost completely, with bioavailability > 90% for tablets; absorption is unaffected by infection ... | 1999 | 10384859 |
| investigation of a suspected outbreak of vaginal trichomoniasis among female inmates. | female inmates have high rates of sexually transmitted diseases (stds), and many incarcerated women and jail providers believe stds are acquired within the jail. we investigated a suspected outbreak of trichomoniasis among female inmates and described the epidemiology of trichomonas infection. goals of this study: to determine the likelihood of within-jail acquisition of trichomoniasis. | 1999 | 10417021 |
| adhesion of tritrichomonas foetus to bovine vaginal epithelial cells. | an in vitro culture system of bovine vaginal epithelial cells (bvecs) was developed to study the cytopathogenic effects of tritrichomonas foetus and the role of lipophosphoglycan (lpg)-like cell surface glycoconjugates in adhesion of parasites to host cells. exposure of bvec monolayers to t. foetus resulted in extensive damage of monolayers. host cell disruption was measured quantitatively by a trypan blue exclusion assay and by release of (3)h from [(3)h]thymidine-labeled host cells. results in ... | 1999 | 10417148 |
| iron modulates phenotypic variation and phosphorylation of p270 in double-stranded rna virus-infected trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis infected with a double-stranded rna virus undergoes phenotypic variation on the basis of surface versus cytoplasmic expression of the immunogenic protein p270. examination of batch cultures by flow cytofluorometry with monoclonal antibody (mab) to p270 yields both fluorescent and nonfluorescent trichomonads. greater numbers and intensity of fluorescent organisms with surface p270 reactive with mab were evident in parasites grown in medium depleted of iron. placement of iron ... | 1999 | 10417210 |