Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| hepatitis e autochthonous infection in chronic liver disease. | hepatitis e virus is endemic in many parts of the developing world and causes a self-limiting hepatitis in young adults, except in pregnant women and patients with chronic liver disease, where the mortality is high. locally acquired hepatitis e is increasingly recognized in the developed world. it is caused by hepatitis e virus genotype 3, affects the middle-aged and the elderly, and may be a zoonotic infection from pigs. we present a case of locally acquired hepatitis e infection in a patient w ... | 2008 | 18617787 |
| mutational events during the primary propagation and consecutive passages of hepatitis e virus strain je03-1760f in cell culture. | we recently developed a cell culture system for hepatitis e virus (hev) in plc/prf/5 cells, using a genotype 3 hev (je03-1760f strain). thirteen generations of consecutive passages of culture supernatant were successfully carried out in plc/prf/5 cells, with the highest hev load reaching 10(8) copies/ml in the culture medium. based on continuous release of progenies into culture medium, 50% tissue culture infectivity doses were estimated to be 2.0 x 10(3) copies for wild-type je03-1760f and 1.4 ... | 2008 | 18620009 |
| hepatitis e virus coinfection with hepatotropic viruses in egyptian children. | major hepatotropic viruses continue to be important causes of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries. this work was carried out to detect the seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) markers in children with acute viral hepatitis due to hepatotropic viruses (a, b and c) and non-a, non-b, non-c acute hepatitis, and to ascertain the influence of hev superinfection in individuals infected with hepatitis viruses (a, b and c). | 2008 | 18629421 |
| serological evidence for hepatitis e virus infection in laboratory monkeys and pigs in animal facilities in japan. | in laboratory animal facilities, monkeys and pigs are used for animal experiments, but the details of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in these animals are unknown. the risk of infection from laboratory animals to humans has become a concern; therefore, much attention should be paid to the handling of these animals during their care and use, including surgical procedures performed on infected animals. in this connection, serum samples collected from 916 monkeys and 77 pigs kept in 23 animal fac ... | 2008 | 18633159 |
| hepatitis e virus infection among domestic animals in eastern china. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic pathogen of which several species of animal were reported as reservoirs. antibodies to hev and hev rna have been detected in some chinese population and swine groups but few other domestic animals. in this study, to investigate the hev prevalence, we tested sera from 788 pigs, 100 cows, 50 goats, 49 horses, 101 pet dogs, 105 chickens, 47 duck and 45 pigeons in eastern china for anti-hev immunoglobulin g (igg). we also tested 50% of the swine sera, all of ser ... | 2008 | 18638181 |
| [jaundice in an hiv-positive pregnant woman]. | a 32-year-old woman of african origin in the third trimester of pregnancy was admitted to our hospital with jaundice, dark urine and mild abdominal pain. symptoms had started one week before admission. during a routine pregnancy check-up six months previously, an hiv infection had been diagnosed and antiretroviral therapy was initiated. the patient had moved from nigeria to germany two years before and has not been abroad since then. | 2008 | 18642217 |
| swine hepatitis e virus in rural southern china: genetic characterization and experimental infection in rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). | in rural areas of southern china, where hepatitis e is endemic, residents generally rear pigs in pigsties near their houses. the study was conducted to assess the possibility that hepatitis e virus (hev) infections in this region are acquired primarily through contact with swine. | 2008 | 18648744 |
| a case of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e caused by blood from a donor infected with hepatitis e virus via zoonotic food-borne route. | five cases of transfusion transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) have been reported so far. the infection routes of the causative donors remain unclear, however. also, the progress of virus markers in the entire course of hev infection has not been well documented. | 2008 | 18651907 |
| hepatitis e and pregnancy: understanding the pathogenesis. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a single-stranded rna virus that causes large-scale epidemics of acute viral hepatitis, particularly in developing countries. in men and non-pregnant women, the disease is usually self-limited and has a case-fatality rate of less than <0.1%. however, in pregnant women, particularly from certain geographical areas in india, hev infection is more severe, often leading to fulminant hepatic failure and death in a significant proportion of patients. in contrast, reports fro ... | 2008 | 18662274 |
| alterations in natural killer cells and natural killer t cells during acute viral hepatitis e. | the mechanism of liver damage in acute hepatitis e is poorly understood. in this study, we assessed the frequency and activation status of natural killer (nk) and natural killer t (nkt) cells and cytotoxic activity of nk cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) obtained from patients with hepatitis e (n = 41) and healthy controls (n = 61). flow cytometry was used to assess nk (cd3(-)/cd56(+)) and nkt cell (cd3(+)/cd56(+)) fractions (% of pbmcs) and activation status (cd69(+); % of ... | 2008 | 18673427 |
| multiplex masstag-pcr for respiratory pathogens in pediatric nasopharyngeal washes negative by conventional diagnostic testing shows a high prevalence of viruses belonging to a newly recognized rhinovirus clade. | respiratory infections are the most common infectious diseases in humans worldwide and are a leading cause of death in children less than 5 years of age. | 2008 | 18674964 |
| monoclonal antibodies raised against the orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus (hev) can capture hev particles in culture supernatant and serum but not those in feces. | ten murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the well-conserved, c-terminal 24-amino acid portion of orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus (hev) were produced and characterized. immunofluorescent assays using the anti-orf3 mabs revealed accumulation of orf3 protein in the cytoplasm of plc/prf/5 cells transfected with orf3-expressing plasmid or inoculated with cell-culture-generated hev. the anti-orf3 mabs could capture hev particles in culture medium and serum ... | 2008 | 18679765 |
| hepatitis e virus genotype 1, cuba. | 2008 | 18680671 | |
| [an investigation on hepatitis e virus infection status among livestock in xi'an area]. | to explore the carrier state of hepatitis e virus(hev) in livestock in xi'an area. | 2008 | 18686857 |
| inhibition of henipavirus infection by rna interference. | nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev) are recently emerged zoonotic paramyxoviruses exclusively grouped within a new genus, henipavirus. these viruses cause fatal disease in a wide range of species, including humans. both niv and hev have continued to re-emerge sporadically in bangladesh and australia, respectively. there are currently no therapeutics or vaccines available to treat henipavirus infection and both are classified as bsl4 pathogens. rna interference (rnai) is a process by which d ... | 2008 | 18687361 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus igg antibody in japanese patients with hemophilia. | we investigated the prevalence of antibody against hepatitis e virus (hev) in japanese patients with hemophilia. | 2008 | 18309245 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus infection in children in the northeast of spain. | the prevalence of immunoglobulin g (igg) anti-hepatitis e virus (anti-hev) antibodies was studied with a representative sample of 1,249 healthy children aged between 6 and 15 years. igg anti-hev antibodies were detected in 57 (4.6%) of the 1,249 samples analyzed, suggesting that some children are exposed to hev in early childhood. | 2008 | 18321881 |
| macaque models of human infectious disease. | macaques have served as models for more than 70 human infectious diseases of diverse etiologies, including a multitude of agents-bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, prions. the remarkable diversity of human infectious diseases that have been modeled in the macaque includes global, childhood, and tropical diseases as well as newly emergent, sexually transmitted, oncogenic, degenerative neurologic, potential bioterrorism, and miscellaneous other diseases. historically, macaques played a major rol ... | 2008 | 18323583 |
| seroepidemiology and molecular characterization of hepatitis e virus in jilin, china. | in order to develop region-specific diagnostic assays and prevent hepatitis e virus (hev), it is essential to understand epidemiology and genotypic variation within different populations. however, the epidemiological data of hev infections in jilin is shortage. | 2008 | 18330507 |
| [viral hepatitis in travellers]. | considering the geographical asymmetric distribution of viral hepatitis a, b and e, having a much higher prevalence in the less developed world, travellers from developed countries are exposed to a considerable and often underestimated risk of hepatitis infection. in fact a significant percentage of viral hepatitis occurring in developed countries is travel related. this results from globalization and increased mobility from tourism, international work, humanitarian and religious missions or oth ... | 2008 | 18331700 |
| a novel feature-based method for whole genome phylogenetic analysis without alignment: application to hev genotyping and subtyping. | traditional phylogenetic analysis is based on multiple sequence alignment. with the development of worldwide genome sequencing project, more and more completely sequenced genomes become available. however, traditional sequence alignment tools are impossible to deal with large-scale genome sequence. so, the development of new algorithms to infer phylogenetic relationship without alignment from whole genome information represents a new direction of phylogenetic study in the post-genome era. in the ... | 2008 | 18230342 |
| hepatitis e in england and wales. | in 2005, 329 cases of hepatitis e virus infection were confirmed in england and wales; 33 were confirmed indigenous infections, and a further 67 were estimated to be indigenous infections. hepatitis e should be considered in the investigation of patients with hepatitis even if they have no history of travel. | 2008 | 18258100 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus and sapovirus in post-weaning pigs and identification of their genetic diversity. | hepatitis e virus (hev) and sapovirus (sav) induce acute hepatitis and gastroenteritis, respectively, in humans. as pigs have been recognized as an important reservoir for these viruses, we evaluated the infection rates of both viruses using fecal samples collected from post-weaning pigs via rt-pcr methods. in the five swine farms assessed in this study, 3 farms were found to be hev-positive and 4 farms were sav-positive. the overall prevalence of hev and sav in the pigs was 17.0 and 23.1%, resp ... | 2008 | 18264659 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies against hepatitis e virus capsid protein and evaluation of their neutralizing activity in a cell culture system. | nine murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) generated against a recombinant orf2 protein (amino acids 111-660) of a genotype 4 hepatitis e virus (hev) strain recognized four sets of epitopes by pairwise competitive elisa. one mab (h6225) was able to capture hev efficiently regardless of genotype and was tested for its ability to neutralize a genotype 3 hev strain (je03-1760f) in a recently developed cell culture system for hev in a hepatocarcinoma cell line (plc/prf/5). when plc/prf/5 cells were in ... | 2008 | 18266052 |
| exceptionally potent cross-reactive neutralization of nipah and hendra viruses by a human monoclonal antibody. | we have previously identified neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies against nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev) by panning a large nonimmune antibody library against a soluble form of the hev attachment-envelope glycoprotein g (sg hev). one of these antibodies, m102, which exhibited the highest level of cross-reactive neutralization of both niv and hev g, was affinity maturated by light-chain shuffling combined with random mutagenesis of its heavy-chain variable domain and panning agains ... | 2008 | 18271743 |
| [transfusion-transmitted diseases]. | transfusion-transmitted infection has long been one of the major adverse reactions in blood transfusion. however, the implementation of effective screening tests makes it minor at present. especially nat (nucleic acid amplification test) is highly sensitive in detecting infection with hbv, hcv and hiv-1. now the residual risk of post-transfusion hepatitis has reduced to as low as 1:100000. not all of the blood-borne infections are included in the category of transfusion-transmitted infection, si ... | 2008 | 18283864 |
| hepatitis e virus and chronic hepatitis in organ-transplant recipients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered an agent responsible for acute hepatitis that does not progress to chronic hepatitis. we identified 14 cases of acute hev infection in three patients receiving liver transplants, nine receiving kidney transplants, and two receiving kidney and pancreas transplants. all patients were positive for serum hev rna. chronic hepatitis developed in eight patients, as confirmed by persistently elevated aminotransferase levels, serum hev rna, and histologic features of ... | 2008 | 18287603 |
| chronic hepatitis e with cirrhosis in a kidney-transplant recipient. | 2008 | 18287615 | |
| hepatitis e virus: molecular virology, clinical features, diagnosis, transmission, epidemiology, and prevention. | hepatitis e virus (hev), the sole member of the genus hepevirus in the family of hepeviridae, is the major cause of several outbreaks of waterborne hepatitis in tropical and subtropical countries and of sporadic cases of viral hepatitis in endemic and industrialized countries. transmission of hev occurs predominantly by the fecal-oral route although parenteral and perinatal routes have been implicated. the overall death rate among young adults and pregnant women is 0.5-3% and 15-20%, respectivel ... | 2008 | 18297720 |
| autochthonous hepatitis e in southwest england: a comparison with hepatitis a. | the incidence of hepatitis a is falling. in contrast, autochthonous hepatitis e is an emerging infection in developed countries. the objective of this study was to compare both laboratory-confirmed cases of hepatitis a and autochthonous hepatitis e over a 2-year period in cornwall and devon and anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) igg and anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) igg seroprevalence in blood donors. the databases of microbiology laboratories in cornwall and devon were searched for the number of diagn ... | 2008 | 18299907 |
| immunodominant epitopes mapped by synthetic peptides on the capsid protein of avian hepatitis e virus are non-protective. | avian hepatitis e virus (avian hev) was recently discovered in chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the united states. the open reading frame 2 (orf2) protein of avian hev has been shown to cross-react with human and swine hev orf2 proteins, and immunodominant antigenic epitopes on avian hev orf2 protein were identified in the predicted antigenic domains by synthetic peptides. however, whether these epitopes are protective against avian hev infection has not been investigated. in thi ... | 2008 | 18355123 |
| cross-protection of hepatitis e virus genotypes 1 and 4 in rhesus macaques. | the purpose of this study was to determine cross-protection between hev genotypes 1 and 4, which are prevalent in china. fecal suspensions of genotypes 1 and 4 from patients, as well as genotype 4 from swine, were inoculated intravenously into rhesus macaques. each inoculum contained 5 x 10(4) genome equivalents of hev. after infection, serum and fecal samples were collected serially and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (alt) and anti-hev igg and igm in sera, and hev rna in fecal samples, ... | 2008 | 18360896 |
| dual infection with hepatitis a and e viruses in outbreaks and in sporadic clinical cases: cuba 1998-2003. | viral hepatitis ranks as the fifth cause of morbidity for infectious diseases in cuba. epidemics are observed frequently in the population, the hepatitis a virus being the main agent responsible for such epidemics. previous reports also confirmed the circulation of the hepatitis e virus. from 1998 to 2003, 258 serum samples were collected by the reference laboratory on viral hepatitis during 33 outbreaks of acute viral hepatitis as well as from 39 sporadic clinical cases. sera were tested for an ... | 2008 | 18360913 |
| estimation of hepatitis e virus transmission among pigs due to contact-exposure. | locally acquired hepatitis e in humans from industrialized countries has been repeatedly suggested to originate from pigs. pigs may serve as a reservoir of hepatitis e virus (hev) for humans when a typical infected pig causes on average more than one newly infected pig, a property that is expressed by the basic reproduction ratio r(0). in this study, r(0) for hev transmission among pigs was estimated from chains of one-to-one transmission experiments in two blocks of five chains each. per chain, ... | 2008 | 18367077 |
| distinguishing molecular features and clinical characteristics of a putative new rhinovirus species, human rhinovirus c (hrv c). | human rhinoviruses (hrvs) are the most frequently detected pathogens in acute respiratory tract infections (artis) and yet little is known about the prevalence, recurrence, structure and clinical impact of individual members. during 2007, the complete coding sequences of six previously unknown and highly divergent hrv strains were reported. to catalogue the molecular and clinical features distinguishing the divergent hrv strains, we undertook, for the first time, in silico analyses of all availa ... | 2008 | 18382652 |
| chronic hepatitis e virus infection in liver transplant recipients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is known to run a self-limiting course. sporadic cases of acute hepatitis due to infection with hev genotype 3, present in pig populations, are increasingly recognized. zoonotic transmission seems infrequent. the entity of unexplained chronic hepatitis after liver transplantation has been recognized. detection of hev in 2 liver transplant recipients triggered a review of these cases. freeze-stored sera were available for retrospective analysis. hev antibodies we ... | 2008 | 18383084 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of recombinant hepatitis e virus-like particle. | hepatitis e virus (hev) accounts for the majority of enterically transmitted hepatitis infections worldwide. currently, there is no specific treatment for or vaccine against hev. the major structural protein is derived from open reading frame (orf) 2 of the viral genome. a potential oral vaccine is provided by the virus-like particles formed by a protein construct of partial orf3 protein (residue 70-123) fused to the n-terminus of the orf2 protein (residues 112-608). single crystals obtained by ... | 2008 | 18391436 |
| hepatitis e, central african republic. | 2008 | 18394300 | |
| [identification of a novel antigenic epitope on gst fusion-expressed and orf2-encoded proteins of hepatitis e virus]. | to investigate the effect of a gst tag on the antigenic structure of gst fusion-expressed and orf2-encoded recombinant proteins of hepatitis e virus (hev). | 2008 | 18394332 |
| etiology of fulminant hepatic failure: experience from a tertiary hospital in bangladesh. | fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) is not uncommon in our clinical practice in bangladesh. there was a rise in acute hepatitis e virus (hev) in bangladesh after the 2004 floods. at that time, most of the country was under water for more than a month, leading to sewage contamination of the water supply. the aim of this study was to investigate the etiology of fhf in bangladesh. | 2008 | 18397851 |
| [epidemiological survey on the infection of hepatitis e virus among pigs in henan province]. | to investigate hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among pigs in henan province. | 2008 | 18414692 |
| [the investigation of hev epidemiology, inferior clinical infection and viral-toxemia in blood donors in quzhou area]. | to investigate the infection of hev in quzhou area of zhejiang province. | 2008 | 18414699 |
| hepatitis viruses causing pancreatitis and hepatitis: a case series and review of literature. | association between acute pancreatitis and acute viral hepatitis (avh) is more frequent than previously thought. most cases are hepatitis a or b virus related. only 6 cases of acute pancreatitis with acute hepatitis e virus (hev)-related hepatitis has been reported so far. | 2008 | 18437090 |
| the hepatitis e virus orf3 protein modulates epidermal growth factor receptor trafficking, stat3 translocation, and the acute-phase response. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) causes acute viral hepatitis, but its characterization is hampered by the lack of an efficient in vitro infection system that can be used to study the effects of hev proteins on cellular processes. previous studies suggest that the viral orf3 protein (porf3) is essential for infection in vivo and is likely to modulate the host response. here, we report that porf3 localizes to early and recycling endosomes and causes a delay in the postinternalization trafficking of ep ... | 2008 | 18448545 |
| non-travel related hepatitis e virus genotype 3 infections in the netherlands; a case series 2004 - 2006. | human hepatitis e virus (hev) infections are considered an emerging disease in industrialized countries. in the netherlands, hepatitis e virus (hev) infections have been associated with travel to high-endemic countries. non-travel related hev of genotype 3 has been diagnosed occasionally since 2000. a high homology of hev from humans and pigs suggests zoonotic transmission but direct molecular and epidemiological links have yet to be established. we conducted a descriptive case series to generat ... | 2008 | 18462508 |
| severe thrombocytopenia associated with acute hepatitis e virus infection. | we describe here what is, to the best of our knowledge, the third reported case of severe thrombocytopenia associated with acute hepatitis e virus infection. the patient was a 72-year-old french woman. it seems likely that the cause of the thrombocytopenia was acute hepatitis e virus infection, possibly occurring via an immune mechanism. no complications were noted, in contrast to the two previous reports. | 2008 | 18480231 |
| double-antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of hepatitis e virus-specific antibodies in human or swine sera. | a new double-antigen sandwich-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of total antibodies (immunoglobulin g [igg] and igm) specific for hepatitis e virus (hev) was developed by utilizing well-characterized recombinant protein et2.1 and its peroxidase-labeled counterpart. our study showed that the elisa detected all the positive patient samples (n = 265) regardless of whether they contained igm or igg antibodies, or both, while it maintained an excellent specificity of 9 ... | 2008 | 18495846 |
| hepatitis e: a curious zoonosis. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is responsible for large waterborne epidemics of acute hepatitis in endemic regions and for sporadic autochthonous cases in non endemic regions. although the water vector has been thoroughly documented in endemic regions, very little is known about the modes of contamination occurring in non endemic regions. unlike the other hepatitis viruses, hev has an animal reservoir. several lines of evidence, such as the results of phylogenic analysis and studies on direct contamina ... | 2008 | 18508725 |
| specific cellular immune response in hepatitis e patients. | to evaluate the specific t cell response together with igm anti-hepatitis-e-virus (hev) antibodies in acute hepatitis e (he) patients. | 2008 | 19018147 |
| hepatitis e virus as a newly identified cause of acute viral hepatitis during human immunodeficiency virus infection. | the recent description of chronic hepatitis e in organ transplant recipients deserves increased awareness in the context of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in immunocompromised individuals. reported here is what is apparently the first pcr-documented case of acute hepatitis e in a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-1-infected patient. the cd4(+) t-lymphocyte count was 246/mm(3). the igm anti-hev antibody and hev rna tests results from serum were positive. hepatitis was benign, and chronic hev ... | 2008 | 19046170 |
| [hepatitis e: a third world's hepatitis found in belgium]. | hepatitis e virus is the second cause of acute viral hepatitis of oral-fecal origin in the world. this virus has a vast distribution throughout the world and manifests itself either in epidemic or endemic-sporadic form in many developing countries. usually, the cases of hev infection in industrialized countries are observed after a history of travel in an endemic area. however, an increasing number of cases have been attributed to a hev zoonotic form transmitted by swine. hev infection can lead ... | 2008 | 19051510 |
| the yplgvg sequence of the nipah virus matrix protein is required for budding. | nipah virus (niv) is a recently emerged paramyxovirus capable of causing fatal disease in a broad range of mammalian hosts, including humans. together with hendra virus (hev), they comprise the genus henipavirus in the family paramyxoviridae. recombinant expression systems have played a crucial role in studying the cell biology of these biosafety level-4 restricted viruses. henipavirus assembly and budding occurs at the plasma membrane, although the details of this process remain poorly understo ... | 2008 | 19000317 |
| hepatitis e: an emerging infection in developed countries. | hepatitis e is endemic in many developing countries where it causes substantial morbidity. in industrialised countries, it is considered rare, and largely confined to travellers returning from endemic areas. however, there is now a growing body of evidence that challenges this notion. autochthonous hepatitis e in developed countries is far more common than previously recognised, and might be more common than hepatitis a. hepatitis e has a predilection for older men in whom it causes substantial ... | 2008 | 18992406 |
| of organ meats and hepatitis e virus: one part of a larger puzzle is solved. | 2008 | 18983247 | |
| phylogenetic and case-control study on hepatitis e virus infection in germany. | hepatitis e is a classic water-borne disease in developing countries. in germany, hepatitis e virus (hev) infections are notifiable. the number of non-travel-associated infections has increased in recent years, but the route of transmission in most is unknown. our objective was to determine risk factors for autochthonous hev infections in germany. | 2008 | 18983248 |
| avian hepatitis e virus infection and possible associated clinical disease in broiler breeder flocks in hungary. | in broiler breeder flocks in one broiler integration in hungary, a new syndrome appeared in january 2005 with initially four successive post-peak flocks experiencing significant decreases in egg production. clinically birds became depressed and there was a small increase in the mortality rate. postmortem examinations revealed enlarged livers in up to 19% of birds dying, and enlarged spleens in some. also observed were birds with either clotted blood or serosanguineous fluid in the abdomen and su ... | 2008 | 18798029 |
| residues in the stalk domain of the hendra virus g glycoprotein modulate conformational changes associated with receptor binding. | hendra virus (hev) is a member of the broadly tropic and highly pathogenic paramyxovirus genus henipavirus. hev is enveloped and infects cells by using membrane-anchored attachment (g) and fusion (f) glycoproteins. g possesses an n-terminal cytoplasmic tail, an external membrane-proximal stalk domain, and a c-terminal globular head that binds the recently identified receptors ephrinb2 and ephrinb3. receptor binding is presumed to induce conformational changes in g that subsequently trigger f-med ... | 2008 | 18799571 |
| [primary evaluation of anti-hev diagnostic reagent by experimental infection animal model with hepatitis e virus]. | to evaluate anti-hev diagnostic kits by experimental infecting rhesus monkeys with hev. | 2008 | 18785478 |
| does hepatitis e viral load and genotypes influence the final outcome of acute liver failure during pregnancy? | hepatitis e is a major health problem in developing countries including india. the incidence and mortality rate in pregnant women with fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) due to hepatitis e virus (hev) has been reported to be significantly higher, specifically in asian women. pregnancy is usually associated with an altered status of sex steroid hormones and immunity. steroid hormones directly influence the replication through their effects on viral regulatory elements. moreover, pregnant women in as ... | 2008 | 18785952 |
| [prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis e virus among students from india living in bialystok, poland]. | many evidences suggest hepatitis e virus (hev) infections may be more prevalent than previously described and viral hepatitis e cases can be observed in patients who have never visited endemic areas. the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of serological markers of hev infection among students from india living in poland. | 2008 | 18807491 |
| crystal structure and carbohydrate analysis of nipah virus attachment glycoprotein: a template for antiviral and vaccine design. | two members of the paramyxovirus family, nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev), are recent additions to a growing number of agents of emergent diseases which use bats as a natural host. identification of ephrin-b2 and ephrin-b3 as cellular receptors for these viruses has enabled the development of immunotherapeutic reagents which prevent virus attachment and subsequent fusion. here we present the structural analysis of the protein and carbohydrate components of the unbound viral attachment gl ... | 2008 | 18815311 |
| hepatitis e: does it cause chronic hepatitis? | hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered an agent responsible for acute hepatitis that does not progress to chronic hepatitis. we identified 14 cases of acute hev infection in three patients receiving liver transplants, nine receiving kidney transplants, and two receiving kidney and pancreas transplants. all patients were positive for serum hev rna. chronic hepatitis developed in eight patients, as confirmed by persistently elevated aminotransferase levels, serum hev rna, and histologic features of ... | 2008 | 18821611 |
| [new aspects of hev infection]. | the hepatitis e virus (hev), known for being the cause of major outbreaks of waterborne hepatitis in asia and africa, is an emerging pathogen in industrialized countries. virologic analyses of sporadic cases in europe, japan and the united states have shown that the origin of the infection was through autochthonous viral strains suggesting that the virus is present locally. in addition, transmission is not only enterically through contaminated water but also through ingestion of undercooked infe ... | 2008 | 18831406 |
| [rapid enterovirus genotyping in cerebrospinal fluids: a two-year prospective study in a virology laboratory setting]. | enterovirus (ev - 68 serotypes) infections comprise a wide spectrum of clinical presentations including infections of the central nervous system. in severe clinical presentation or epidemics, the precise identification of the involved serotype is necessary. | 2008 | 18835107 |
| induction of antibody response against hepatitis e virus (hev) with recombinant human papillomavirus pseudoviruses expressing truncated hev capsid proteins in mice. | a hepatitis e virus (hev) vaccine would be valuable to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with the infection in endemic areas. hev pseudocapsids and epidermal delivery of hev orf2 dna vaccine by gene-gun have been shown to confer protection against virus challenge in monkeys. vectorization of a dna vaccine by virus-like particles is a new immunization approach. we report here the successful immunization of mice with two orf2 genes encapsidated into human papillomavirus type 31 virus-l ... | 2008 | 18835319 |
| mouse hepatitis virus liver pathology is dependent on adp-ribose-1''-phosphatase, a viral function conserved in the alpha-like supergroup. | viral infection of the liver can lead to severe tissue damage when high levels of viral replication and spread in the organ are coupled with strong induction of inflammatory responses. here we report an unexpected correlation between the expression of a functional x domain encoded by the hepatotropic mouse hepatitis virus strain a59 (mhv-a59), the high-level production of inflammatory cytokines, and the induction of acute viral hepatitis in mice. x-domain (also called macro domain) proteins poss ... | 2008 | 18922871 |
| a 20-year single-center experience with acute liver failure during pregnancy: is the prognosis really worse? | pregnant patients with acute liver failure (alf) are believed to have a worse outcome than nonpregnant women and men with alf. however objective data supporting this supposition are scant. therefore, the current study compared the outcome, complications, and causes of alf among pregnant women and girls with age-matched nonpregnant women and girls and men and boys with alf. one thousand fifteen consecutive alf patients in the reproductive age group, admitted at the all india institute of medical ... | 2008 | 18925633 |
| a pediatric patient with acute hepatitis e in japan. | we encountered a 14-year-old bangladeshi boy who developed acute hepatitis e in japan. he showed improvement without the development of fulminant hepatitis. his hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype was i, which causes epidemics mainly in south asia. he developed this disease more than 6 months after coming to japan. considering the latent period, it was suspected that he had been infected with hev in japan, although the hev virus is presumed not to be indigenous to japan. | 2008 | 18936892 |
| brief report: acute viral hepatitis and poor maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant sudanese women. | sixteen pregnant women presented at the three main hospitals in khartoum province, sudan during the period of march-september 2007 with features of acute viral hepatitis. their mean (sd) gestational age was 28.0(6.7) weeks. the etiology of acute viral hepatitis was hepatitis b virus in five women (31.3%), hepatitis c virus in one woman (6.3%), hepatitis e virus in eight women (50%), and hepatitis non-a-to-e virus in two women (12.5%). there were four (25%) maternal deaths and three (18.7%) intra ... | 2008 | 18712815 |
| extent of hepatitis e virus elimination is affected by stabilizers present in plasma products and pore size of nanofilters. | to investigate the physico-chemical properties of hepatitis e virus (hev) with regard to inactivation/removal, we have studied four isolates with respect to sensitivity to heat during liquid/dry-heating as well as removal by nanofiltration. | 2008 | 18714441 |
| [development and application of real-time quantitative rt- pcr assay for the detection of hepatitis e virus]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) sequences including four major genotypes representative strains available in genbank were aligned with the dnaman software. the highly conserved internal region of orf2 was then subjected to design primers and a probe. furthermore, a 0.3 kb fragment of hev orf2 containing the amplification region was transcribed in vitro to synthese crna standard and a universal real-time taqman pcr assay was optimized and developed to detect and quantify main genotypes rna of hev. the sp ... | 2008 | 18724714 |
| hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e is an emerging infectious disease. this review will focus on recent advances in the zoonotic transmission, global distribution and control of hepatitis e. | 2008 | 18725805 |
| excretion of hepatitis e virus by pigs of different ages and its presence in slurry stores in the united kingdom. | five faecal samples were collected from four different stages of production at each of 10 pig farms in the yorkshire humberside area of the uk, and samples of slurry were collected from nine of the farms. all the samples were tested for hepatitis e virus (hev) rna by a nested reverse transcriptase pcr. at least one sample from the pigs on each of the farms tested positive for hev; its prevalence in the 10 herds varied from 5 per cent to 35 per cent and its mean prevalence was 21.5 per cent. the ... | 2008 | 18757902 |
| a nationwide survey for hepatitis e virus prevalence in japanese blood donors with elevated alanine aminotransferase. | although we reported two cases of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e in japan, the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in japanese blood donors is not very clear. | 2008 | 18774966 |
| time trend of the prevalence of hepatitis e antibodies among farmers and blood donors: a potential zoonosis in denmark. | antibody to hepatitis e virus (anti-hev) is prevalent in western countries, where clinical hepatitis e is rarely reported. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-hev among danish blood donors and danish farmers. in addition, we compared the prevalence among 2 sets of serum samples obtained from blood donors 20 years apart. | 2008 | 18781880 |
| the mystery of hepatitis e seroprevalence in developed countries: is there subclinical infection due to hepatitis e virus? | 2008 | 18781881 | |
| [a man who contracted hepatitis e in the netherlands]. | a 55-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of malaise, jaundice en cholestatic liver function impairment, 4 days after his return from vacation in surinam. serological tests were positive for igg and igm antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) and serum pcr was positive, consistent with hev infection. the infection was acquired in the netherlands and not abroad, considering the incubation period. the patient recovered spontaneously. hev infection is rare in the netherlands and is assoc ... | 2008 | 19137970 |
| epidemiological study of hepatitis e virus infection in the general population of okinawa, kyushu, japan. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in the general population of japan by determining presence of the antibody to hev (anti-hev). | 2008 | 19120876 |
| mice are not susceptible to hepatitis e virus infection. | to determine whether or not mice are susceptible to hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, c57bl/6 mice were experimentally infected with genotypes 1, 3 and 4 hev by intravenous injection. serum and stool samples were collected and used to detect hev rna and anti-hev antibodies by rt-pcr and elisa. the virus infection was monitored up to two months after inoculation; however, none of the serum or stool samples was positive for virus replication, demonstrating that c57bl/6 mice were not susceptible t ... | 2008 | 19122406 |
| determination of fecal shedding rates and genotypes of swine hepatitis e virus (hev) in korea. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection induces an acute hepatitis or a subclinical disease in humans. it is known that hev is a zoonotic agent and pigs are major reservoirs of hev. this study was conducted to determine the fecal shedding rates of hev in various age groups of pigs and identify the genotypes of swine hev prevailing in korea. a total of 565 fecal samples were collected from suckling piglets, post-weaning pigs, growing pigs, and sows at 12 swine farms. rt-pcr was used to detect the prese ... | 2008 | 19122408 |
| [hepatitis e: from zoonotic transmission to chronic infection in immunosuppressed patients]. | 2008 | 19116107 | |
| hepatitis e virus is highly prevalent among pregnant women in gabon, central africa, with different patterns between rural and urban areas. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is highly endemic in several african countries with high mortality rate among pregnant women. nothing is known about the circulation of this virus in central africa. we evaluated therefore the prevalence of anti-hev igg in samples collected from pregnant women living in the five main cities of gabon, central africa. we found that 14.1% (119/840) of pregnant women had anti-hev igg. the prevalence differed between regions and between age groups. in 391 newly collected sampl ... | 2008 | 19102767 |
| [markers of hepatitis virus]. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) are the major viruses known to cause viral hepatitis. serological markers are commonly used as diagnostic and/or prognostic indicators of acute or chronic hbv or hcv infection. the ability to detect hbv dna in serum has been reported to have prognostic value for the outcome of chronic hbv infection. a rapid and sustained drop in hbv dna or hcv rna levels in patients under therapy has been shown to be a predictive factor for a favourable treatme ... | 2008 | 19086457 |
| [clinical features of acute hepatitis a in recent two years]. | the purpose of this study was to characterize the clinical features of acute hepatitis a in seoul and gyeonggi province during the recent 2 years. | 2008 | 19077476 |
| hepatitis e epidemic with bimodal peak in a town of north india. | an epidemic of viral hepatitis occurred in mandi gobindgarh town of punjab in northern india during year 2005-06. an attempt was made to study the outbreak clinically, serologically, and etiologically. | 2008 | 19189818 |
| the leu477 and leu613 of orf2-encoded protein are critical in forming neutralization antigenic epitope of hepatitis e virus genotype 4. | hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 4 was originally identified in china. its neutralization antigenic epitopes have not been characterized. recently, we identified a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) 1g10, which was generated following immunization of mice with p166chn, a recombinant protein comprising 464-629 amino acids (aa) of the hev genotype 4 capsid protein. in this study, a panel of 22 n- and/or c-terminal truncated and 6 site-directed mutated p166chn proteins were prepared. only those ... | 2008 | 19118511 |
| [comparison of the reliability of two elisa kits for detecting igm antibody against hepatitis e virus]. | to study the reliability of two elisa kits for detecting igm antibody against hepatitis e virus (hev). | 2008 | 19175178 |
| molecular biology and pathogenesis of hepatitis e virus. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is a small rna virus and the etiological agent for hepatitis e, a form of acute viral hepatitis. the virus has a feco-oral transmission cycle and is transmitted through environmental contamination, mainly through drinking water. recent studies on the isolation of hev-like viruses from animal species also suggest zoonotic transfer of the virus. the absence of small animal models of infection and efficient cell culture systems has precluded virological studies on the re ... | 2008 | 19208971 |
| distribution of hepatitis e virus infection and its prevalence in pigs on commercial farms in spain. | a survey to detect antibodies against hepatitis e virus (hev) was undertaken on 41 spanish pig farms using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). forty of the farms (97.6%) were positive for anti-hev igg antibodies, while 34/41 (82.9%) had igm positive animals. the highest proportion of igg positive pigs comprised the adult sows (45/74, 60.8%; p=0.01), followed by young piglets aged 3-6 weeks (79/218, 36.2%). igm positive pigs were more frequently found to be those animals > or = ... | 2008 | 17280843 |
| bayesian estimation of hepatitis e virus seroprevalence for populations with different exposure levels to swine in the netherlands. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is ubiquitous in pigs worldwide and may be zoonotic. previous hev seroprevalence estimates for groups of people working with swine were higher than for control groups. however, discordance among results of anti-hev assays means that true seroprevalence estimates, i.e. seroprevalence due to previous exposure to hev, depends on choice of seroassay. we tested blood samples from three subpopulations (49 swine veterinarians, 153 non-swine veterinarians and 644 randomly selecte ... | 2008 | 17578603 |
| hepatitis e: a neglected threat. | hepatitis e, responsible for explosive waterborne outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute hepatitis in developing countries, affects predominantly young adults and has a fatality rate as high as 25% in pregnant women. no effective treatment exists for hepatitis e; however, a vaccine using a baculovirus-expressed recombinant hepatitis e capsid protein was recently studied in nepal. in this review, the progress made in hepatitis e research and the recently concluded vaccine trial of the recombinant ... | 2008 | 17658568 |
| genotype 3 hepatitis e has been widespread in pig farms of shanghai suburbs. | hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 was first identified in swine raised on a shanghai suburban pig farm in late 2006. to accurately determine the prevalence of hev infections among shanghai pig farms, 426 pig fecal samples were collected from 37 pig farms located in all 10 shanghai suburban districts and tested for the presence of hev rna using rt-pcr. genetic analysis based on an amplified 150-bp orf2 fragment revealed 111 samples to be hev positive, and the prevalence of hev infection within t ... | 2008 | 17706381 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus (hev) in a demographic managed wild boar (sus scrofa scrofa) population in italy. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the causative agent of hepatitis e. swine and human hev strains are genetically related, suggesting the occurrence of zoonotic transmission. recently, in japan, cases of food-borne hev transmission have been described in people after consuming raw or undercooked meat from wild boars or pigs. although, swine hev strains have been detected in pig herds in many european countries, only minimal information is presently available about the circulation and the prevalence of ... | 2008 | 17706898 |
| development and public release of a comprehensive hepatitis virus database. | aim: currently, approximately 44 000 hepatitis c virus (hcv), 11 000 hepatitis b virus (hbv), and 1600 hepatitis e virus (hev) sequences are available at the international nucleotide sequence database collaboration (insdc, previously known as ddbj/embl/genbank), and the number of these virus sequences is growing rapidly. however, since indsc is not specialized to hepatitis viruses, it is difficult to retrieve information of virological or clinical interests from it. thus, it is quite worthwhile ... | 2008 | 17877727 |
| subcellular localization of hepatitis e virus (hev) replicase. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a hepatotropic virus with a single sense-strand rna genome of approximately 7.2 kb in length. details of the intracellular site of hev replication can pave further understanding of hev biology. in-frame fusion construct of functionally active replicase-enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) gene was made in eukaryotic expression vector. the functionality of replicase-egfp fusion protein was established by its ability to synthesize negative-strand viral rna in vivo, ... | 2008 | 17904184 |
| cross-species infection of hepatitis e virus in a zoo-like location, including birds. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic pathogen of which several species of animals are considered to be reservoirs. thirty-eight faecal samples, obtained from 22 species of animals including birds in a wildlife first-aid centre in eastern china, were tested for hev rna. our survey revealed that in total 28.9% (95% confidence interval 14.5-43.4) of the faecal samples from various mammals and birds were hev rna positive. sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the 11 isolates demonstrated that all s ... | 2008 | 17961279 |
| monoclonal antibodies against the nucleocapsid proteins of henipaviruses: production, epitope mapping and application in immunohistochemistry. | four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated by immunizing balb/c mice with recombinant nucleocapsid protein (n) of nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev) expressed in e. coli. two mabs each were obtained for the hev n and niv n, respectively. all four mabs displayed specific reactivity with the recombinant n proteins of both viruses by western blot, which was further confirmed by immunofluorescent antibody assay using fixed insect cells infected with recombinant baculoviruses expressing e ... | 2008 | 17978885 |
| subacute hepatic failure due to hepatitis e. | the data available on subacute hepatic failure due to hepatitis e virus is scarce. the aim of this study is to analyze the clinical spectrum and outcome of this condition. | 2008 | 17995944 |
| changing patterns of hepatitis a and e sero-prevalences in children after the 1999 earthquakes in duzce, turkey. | hepatitis a and e are enteric viral diseases that are characteristically found in developing countries. sero-epidemiological data about both infections showed higher prevalence rates soon after the 1999 earthquakes in duzce, turkey. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the data 4 years after the earthquakes. | 2008 | 17999670 |
| mutations within potential glycosylation sites in the capsid protein of hepatitis e virus prevent the formation of infectious virus particles. | hepatitis e virus is a nonenveloped rna virus. however, the single capsid protein resembles a typical glycoprotein in that it contains a signal sequence and potential glycosylation sites that are utilized when recombinant capsid protein is overexpressed in cell culture. in order to determine whether these unexpected observations were biologically relevant or were artifacts of overexpression, we analyzed capsid protein produced during a normal viral replication cycle. in vitro transcripts from an ... | 2008 | 18032496 |