Publications

pharmacological characterization of a tyramine receptor from the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus.	the southern cattle tick (rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus) is a hematophagous external parasite that vectors the causative agents of bovine babesiosis or cattle tick fever, babesia bovis and b. bigemina, and anaplasmosis, anaplasma marginale. the southern cattle tick is a threat to the livestock industry in many locations throughout the world. control methods include the use of chemical acaricides including amitraz, a formamidine insecticide, which is proposed to activate octopamine receptor ...	2015	25958152
potent neutralizing anti-cd1d antibody reduces lung cytokine release in primate asthma model.	cd1d is a receptor on antigen-presenting cells involved in triggering cell populations, particularly natural killer t (nkt) cells, to release high levels of cytokines. nkt cells are implicated in asthma pathology and blockade of the cd1d/nkt cell pathway may have therapeutic potential. we developed a potent anti-human cd1d antibody (nib.2) that possesses high affinity for human and cynomolgus macaque cd1d (kd ∼100 pm) and strong neutralizing activity in human primary cell-based assays (ic50 typi ...	2015	25751125
safety evaluation of amp deaminase from aspergillus oryzae.	adenosine-5'-monophosphate (amp) deaminase is an enzyme used to increase concentrations of 5'-inosine monophosphate in certain foods and beverages for flavoring purposes. one commercial source of this enzyme is aspergillus oryzae, a filamentous fungus with a history of safe use in asia as a fermentation organism used in the production of miso sauce and sake liquors. noting the use of the enzyme in food intended for human consumption and potential presence at trace levels in finished goods, a ser ...	2015	26559900
human cell lines for biopharmaceutical manufacturing: history, status, and future perspectives.	biotherapeutic proteins represent a mainstay of treatment for a multitude of conditions, for example, autoimmune disorders, hematologic disorders, hormonal dysregulation, cancers, infectious diseases and genetic disorders. the technologies behind their production have changed substantially since biotherapeutic proteins were first approved in the 1980s. although most biotherapeutic proteins developed to date have been produced using the mammalian chinese hamster ovary and murine myeloma (ns0, sp2 ...	2015	26383226
surface display of glycosylated tyrosinase related protein-2 (trp-2) tumour antigen on lactococcus lactis.	the exploitation of the surface display system of food and commensal lactic acid bacteria (lab) for bacterial, viral, or protozoan antigen delivery has received strong interest recently. the generally regarded as safe (gras) status of the lactococcus lactis coupled with a non-recombinant strategy of in-trans surface display, provide a safe platform for therapeutic drug and vaccine development. however, production of therapeutic proteins fused with cell-wall anchoring motifs is predominantly limi ...	2015	26715153
cloning, identification and functional characterization of bovine free fatty acid receptor-1 (ffar1/gpr40) in neutrophils.	long chain fatty acids (lcfas), which are ligands for the g-protein coupled receptor ffar1 (gpr40), are increased in cow plasma after parturition, a period in which they are highly susceptible to infectious diseases. this study identified and analyzed the functional role of the ffar1 receptor in bovine neutrophils, the first line of host defense against infectious agents. we cloned the putative ffar1 receptor from bovine neutrophils and analyzed the sequence to construct a homology model. our re ...	2015	25790461
the transcription factor ccaat/enhancer binding protein β (c/ebpβ) and mir-27a regulate the expression of porcine dickkopf2 (dkk2).	using affymetrix porcine gene-chip analyses, we found that dickkopf2 (dkk2), a wnt antagonist, is differentially expressed in pre-ovulatory follicles between large white and chinese taihu sows. this study aims to identify the regulatory factors responsible for dkk2 expression. deletion fragment and mutation analyses identified dkk2-d3 as the porcine dkk2 core promoter. there were four c/ebpβ binding sites within the dkk2 core promoter. the c allele that results from a spontaneous alteration (dkk ...	2015	26656471
cmv promoter mutants with a reduced propensity to productivity loss in cho cells.	the major immediate-early promoter and enhancer of the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv-mie) is one of the most potent dna elements driving recombinant gene expression in mammalian cells. therefore, it is widely employed not only in research but also in large-scale industrial applications, e.g. for the production of therapeutic antibodies in chinese hamster ovary cells (cho). as we have reported previously, multi-site methylation of hcmv-mie is linked to productivity loss in permanently transfected c ...	2015	26581326
soluble human cytomegalovirus gh/gl/pul128-131 pentameric complex, but not gh/gl, inhibits viral entry to epithelial cells and presents dominant native neutralizing epitopes.	congenital infection of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) is one of the leading causes of nongenetic birth defects, and development of a prophylactic vaccine against hcmv is of high priority for public health. the gh/gl/pul128-131 pentameric complex mediates hcmv entry into endothelial and epithelial cells, and it is a major target for neutralizing antibody responses. to better understand the mechanism by which antibodies interact with the epitopes of the gh/gl/pul128-131 pentameric complex resulting ...	2015	25947373
a chimeric ebv gp350/220-based vlp replicates the virion b-cell attachment mechanism and elicits long-lasting neutralizing antibodies in mice.	epstein-barr virus (ebv), an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus, causes acute infectious mononucleosis (aim) and is linked to the development of several human malignancies. there is an urgent need for a vaccine that is safe, prevents infection and/or limits disease. unique among human herpesviruses, glycoprotein (gp)350/220, which initiates ebv attachment to susceptible host cells, is the major ligand on the ebv envelope and is highly conserved. interaction between gp350/220 and complement receptor type ...	2015	25885535
polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion of herpes simplex type 1 virions with the plasma membrane of cells that support endocytic entry.	mouse b78 cells and chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells are important to the study of hsv-1 entry because both are resistant to infection at the level of viral entry. when provided with a gd-receptor such as nectin-1, these cells support hsv-1 entry by an endocytosis pathway. treating some viruses bound to cells with the fusogen polyethylene glycol (peg) mediates viral fusion with the cell surface but is insufficient to rescue viral entry. it is unclear whether peg-mediated fusion of hsv with the ...	2015	26573723
characterization of the transmembrane transport and absolute bioavailability of the hcv protease inhibitor danoprevir.	understanding transmembrane transport provides a more complete understanding of the pharmacokinetics of a drug and mechanistic explanations for drug-drug interactions. here, the transmembrane transport of danoprevir (hepatitis c virus protease inhibitor) and the effects of ritonavir and ciclosporin on transmembrane transport of danoprevir were evaluated and clinical pharmacokinetic studies of danoprevir co-administered with/without ritonavir and ciclosporin were conducted.	2015	25488594
antibody response to revaccination among adult non-responders to primary hepatitis b vaccination in china.	about 10% adult failed to develop antibody response after primary hepatitis b vaccination, and revaccination may be an option to improve immune response, but the antibody responses to revaccination in adult non-responders have not been fully examined. adult non-responders to primary 3-dose hepatitis b vaccination were randomly divided into 2 groups and revaccinated with 20 μg hepatitis b vaccine (hepb) derived from saccharomyces cerevisiae (hepb-sc) or 20 μg hepb derived from chinese hamster ova ...	2015	26252481
the one year effects of three doses of hepatitis b vaccine as a booster in anti-hbs-negative children 11-15 years after primary immunization; china, 2009-2011.	the aim of this study was to evaluate hepatitis b surface antibody (anti-hbs) levels one year after hepatitis b booster vaccination in anti-hbs-negative (<10 miu/ml) children 11-15 y after primary vaccination. anti-hbs titers were examined in 235 children who were negative for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), anti-hbs, and hepatitis b core antibody (anti-hbc). the children were then divided into 3 groups based on their anti-hbs levels pre-booster: group i, <0 .1 miu/ml; group ii, 0.1 to <1 . ...	2015	25692413
the long-term efficacy of chinese hamster ovary cell derived hepatitis b vaccine after being used for 14-16 years in chinese rural communities.	to evaluate the long-term efficacy of chinese hamster ovary (cho) cell derived hepatitis b vaccine after being used for 14-16 years in country community in hebei province in china.	2015	25454089
effects of altered fcγr binding on antibody pharmacokinetics in cynomolgus monkeys.	antibody interactions with fcγ receptors (fcγrs), like fcγriiia, play a critical role in mediating antibody effector functions and thereby contribute significantly to the biologic and therapeutic activity of antibodies. over the past decade, considerable work has been directed towards production of antibodies with altered binding affinity to fcγrs and evaluation of how the alterations modulate their therapeutic activity. this has been achieved by altering glycosylation status at n297 or by engin ...	2015	24492343
cleavage efficient 2a peptides for high level monoclonal antibody expression in cho cells.	linking the heavy chain (hc) and light chain (lc) genes required for monoclonal antibodies (mab) production on a single cassette using 2a peptides allows control of lc and hc ratio and reduces non-expressing cells. four 2a peptides derived from the foot-and-mouth disease virus (f2a), equine rhinitis a virus (e2a), porcine teschovirus-1 (p2a) and thosea asigna virus (t2a), respectively, were compared for expression of 3 biosimilar igg1 mabs in chinese hamster ovary (cho) cell lines. hc and lc wer ...	2015	25621616
the c-type lectin langerin functions as a receptor for attachment and infectious entry of influenza a virus.	it is well established that influenza a virus (iav) attachment to and infection of epithelial cells is dependent on sialic acid (sia) at the cell surface, although the specific receptors that mediate iav entry have not been defined and multiple receptors may exist. lec2 chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells are sia deficient and resistant to iav infection. here we demonstrate that the expression of the c-type lectin receptor langerin in lec2 cells (lec2-lg) rendered them permissive to iav infection, ...	2015	26468543
bakuchiol is a phenolic isoprenoid with novel enantiomer-selective anti-influenza a virus activity involving nrf2 activation.	influenza represents a substantial threat to human health and requires novel therapeutic approaches. bakuchiol is a phenolic isoprenoid compound present in babchi (psoralea corylifolia l.) seeds. we examined the anti-influenza viral activity of synthetic bakuchiol using madin-darby canine kidney cells. we found that the naturally occurring form, (+)-(s)-bakuchiol, and its enantiomer, (-)-(r)-bakuchiol, inhibited influenza a viral infection and growth and reduced the expression of viral mrnas and ...	2015	26446794
efficient generation of influenza virus with a mouse rna polymerase i-driven all-in-one plasmid.	the current influenza vaccines are effective against seasonal influenza, but cannot be manufactured in a timely manner for a sudden pandemic or to be cost-effective to immunize huge flocks of birds. we propose a novel influenza vaccine composing a bacterial carrier and a plasmid cargo. in the immunized subjects, the bacterial carrier invades and releases its cargo into host cells where the plasmid expresses viral rnas and proteins for reconstitution of attenuated influenza virus. here we aimed t ...	2015	26093583
recombinant immunoglobulin a specific for influenza a virus hemagglutinin: production, functional analysis, and formation of secretory immunoglobulin a.	secretory immunoglobulin (ig) a (siga), comprised of dimeric iga and secretory component (sc), is believed to provide a defense mechanism on the mucosal surface. influenza a virus (iav) hemagglutinin (ha)-specific siga is thought to play an important role in the prevention of iav infection. however, the topical application of preformed iav-specific siga has not been shown to prevent iav infection. this is due to the difficulty in the production of antigen-specific iga monoclonal antibodies (mabs ...	2015	25658886
safety and mutagenicity evaluation of vigiis 101 powder made from lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei ntu 101.	the aim of the present work was to assess the genotoxic activity and the potential for toxicity upon repeated dosing of "vigiis 101" powder, a probiotic consisting of dried bacteria lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei ntu 101. results of the ames test in salmonella typhimurium strains ta1537, ta98, ta100, ta102, and ta1535 showed that vigiis 101 (⩽5 mg per plate) was not mutagenic. we used experiments on icr mice to evaluate the genotoxicity of vigiis 101. compared to the control, high-dose ...	2015	25481278
cell-free protein synthesis systems derived from cultured mammalian cells.	we present a technology for the production of target proteins using novel cell-free systems derived from cultured human k562 cells and chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. the protocol includes the cultivation of cells, the preparation of translationally active lysates, and the cell-free synthesis of desired proteins. an efficient expression vector based on the internal ribosome entry site (ires) from the intergenic region (igr) of the cricket paralysis virus (crpv) was constructed for both system ...	2015	25502197
single amino acid substitution (g42e) in the receptor binding domain of mouse mammary tumour virus envelope protein facilitates infection of non-murine cells in a transferrin receptor 1-independent manner.	mouse mammary tumour virus (mmtv) is a betaretrovirus that infects rodent cells and uses mouse tranferrin receptor 1 (tfr1) for cell entry. several mmtv strains have been shown to productively infect, in addition to murine cells, various heterologous cell lines including those of human origin, albeit less efficiently than murine cells. furthermore, there have been reports that the continued passage of mmtv in heterologous cell lines gives rise to novel variants that are able to infect naive non- ...	2015	25980759
effects of cho-expressed recombinant lactoferrins on mouse dendritic cell presentation and function.	lactoferrin (lf), a natural iron-binding protein, has previously demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing the bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) tuberculosis vaccine. this report investigates immune modulatory effects of chinese hamster ovary (cho) cell-expressed recombinant mouse and human lfs on mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (bmdcs), comparing homologous and heterologous functions. bcg-infected bmdcs were cultured with lf, and examined for class ii presentation molecule expression. cult ...	2015	25537452
an automated method for determining the cytoadhesion of plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to immobilized cells.	plasmodium falciparum exports antigens to the surface of infected erythrocytes causing cytoadhesion to the host vasculature. this is central in malaria pathogenesis but in vitro studies of cytoadhesion rely mainly on manual counting methods. the current study aimed at developing an automated high-throughput method for this purpose utilizing the pseudoperoxidase activity of intra-erythrocytic haemoglobin.	2015	25881267
naturally occurring mutations of human corticosteroid-binding globulin.	corticosteroid-binding globulin (cbg) is encoded by serpina6. it is the major plasma binding protein of glucocorticoids and regulates plasma cortisol levels and bioavailability in humans. several proteases target cbg and disrupt its steroid-binding properties. to date, most genetic deficiencies that alter plasma cbg levels or function have been identified in patients presenting with a variety of clinical conditions.	2015	25322275
cho expressed recombinant human lactoferrin as an adjuvant for bcg.	lactoferrin (lf), an iron binding protein with immune modulatory activities, has adjuvant activity to enhance vaccine efficacy. tuberculosis (tb) is a pulmonary disease caused by the pathogen mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb). progressive tb disease is clinically defined by damaging pulmonary pathology, a result of inflammation due to immune reactivity. the current vaccine for tb, an attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis, bacillus calmette guerin (bcg), has only limited efficacy to prevent adu ...	2015	26315722
metaphase arrest, anaphase recovery and aneuploidy induction in cultured chinese hamster cells following exposure to mitotic arrestants.	metaphases of chinese hamster cells in culture, when blocked by mitotic arrestants, regardless of their mechanisms, would recover when a proper concentration was used. arrested metaphases would quickly enter anaphase and karyokinesis ensued. however, the frequency of abnormal anaphases would increase when the period of arrest was prolonged, and the frequency of aneuploidy in the recovering cell generations would likewise increase. it appears that in the future, assays for aneuploidy induction by ...	2015	6151376
effect of ultraviolet light on dna replication in excision-deficient mammalian cells.	dna replication after exposure to 254-nm ultraviolet light was examined in wild-type (aa8) and excision-deficient (uv-5) chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. dna replication was examined by measuring the incorporation of [3h]thymidine into acid-precipitable form and by dna fiber autoradiography. following exposure to uv both cell lines exhibited a fluence-dependent reduction in the rate of incorporation of thymidine. for exposures of 3.25 and 6.5 j/m2 the response was quantitatively similar in bot ...	2015	6493260
dna-ligase activities appear normal in the cho mutant em9.	the chinese hamster ovary (cho) mutant strain em9 was previously shown to be hypersensitive to killing by ethyl methanesulfonate (ems) and methyl methanesulfonate (mms), to have a 12-fold increased baseline incidence of sister-chromatid exchanges (sce), and to be defective in rejoining dna strand breaks after treatment with ems, mms, or x-rays. a study was performed to determine if the primary biochemical defect might be a dna ligase. dna-ligase activities were assayed and compared after separat ...	2015	6738565
molecular dosimetry of dna damage caused by alkylation. ii. the induction and repair of different classes of single-strand breaks in cultured mammalian cells treated with ethylating agents.	cultured chinese hamster ovary cells were treated with ethylating agents. dna lesions giving rise to single-strand breaks (ssb) or alkali-labile sites were measured by elution through membrane filters at ph 12.0 and ph 12.6, and by centrifugation in alkaline sucrose gradients after 1 h and 21 h lysis in alkali. two agents with different tendencies to ethylate preferentially either at n or o atoms were compared, namely n-ethyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (enng) and diethyl sulphate (des). the com ...	2015	6472317
differential toxicity of 3-aminobenzamide to wild-type and 6-thioguanine-resistant chinese hamster cells by interference with pathways of purine biosynthesis.	3-aminobenzamide is commonly assumed to be a specific inhibitor of poly(adp-ribose) polymerase. however, it also inhibits de novo synthesis of dna purines at concentrations of 5 mm and above. a mutant cell line that lacks the ability to incorporate exogenous purines is therefore exceptionally sensitive to the toxic effects of 3-aminobenzamide. this finding has implications for the underlying mechanism of sensitivity to 3-aminobenzamide recently reported in a cell line from an immunodeficient pat ...	2015	6717467
applying acylated fucose analogues to metabolic glycoengineering.	manipulations of cell surface glycosylation or glycan decoration of selected proteins hold immense potential for exploring structure-activity relations or increasing glycoprotein quality. metabolic glycoengineering describes the strategy where exogenously supplied sugar analogues intercept biosynthetic pathways and are incorporated into glycoconjugates. low membrane permeability, which so far limited the large-scale adaption of this technology, can be addressed by the introduction of acylated mo ...	2015	28952479
genotoxic, teratotoxic and oral toxic assessments of antrodia cinnamomea health food product (leader deluxe antrodia cinnamomea®).	antrodia cinnamomea is a rare and endemic medicinal mushroom native to taiwan. the pharmacological effects of a. cinnamomea have been extensively studied. the aim of the present study was to assess the genotoxic, oral toxic and teratotoxic effects of a. cinnamomea health food product ⿿leader deluxe antrodia cinnamomea (ldac)⿿⿿ using in vitro and in vivo tests. the ames test with 5 strains of salmonella typhimurium showed no signs of increased reverse mutation upon exposure to ldac up to concentr ...	2015	28962482
the nucleobase adenine as a signalling molecule in the kidney.	in 2002, the first receptor activated by the nucleobase adenine was discovered in rats. in the past years, two adenine receptors (aders) in mice and one in chinese hamsters, all of which belong to the family of g protein-coupled receptors (gpcrs), were cloned and pharmacologically characterized. based on the nomenclature for other purinergic receptor families (p1 for adenosine receptors and p2 for nucleotide, e.g. atp, receptors), aders were designated p0 receptors. pharmacological data indicate ...	2015	25627062
fluorodeoxyuridine-induced sex differences in baseline sister-chromatid exchanges in c57bl/6 mice and chinese hamsters.	the baseline sister-chromatid exchanges (sces) and the percentage of first (m1), second (m2) and third or higher metaphase (m3+) chromosomes were analysed in bone-marrow cells of male and female c57bl/6 mice and chinese hamsters following serial intraperitoneal injections of 40 micrograms/g body weight (b.w.) of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (brdurd) and 2 micrograms/g b.w. of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (fdurd) or 40 micrograms/g b.w. of brdurd and 10 micrograms/g b.w. of deoxycytidine (dc). female animals ...	2015	3158808
role of nucleotide sugar pools in the inhibition of ncam polysialylation by ammonia.	ammonia in animal cell cultures has been shown to specifically inhibit terminal sialylation of n- and o-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins. for example, we have previously shown that as little as 2.5 mm nh4cl can decrease neural cell adhesion molecule (ncam) polysialylation in both small cell lung cancer (sclc) and chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. besides its potential involvement in sclc metastasis, polysialic acid (polysia) is a sensitive marker for measuring changes in sialylation. th ...	2015	9841644
peptide-based intracellular shuttle able to facilitate gene transfer in mammalian cells.	loligomers are peptide-based intracellular vehicles able to penetrate cells and self-localize into distinct cellular compartments. loligomers can be rapidly assembled by automated solid-phase approaches and were designed to act as nonviral, nonlipophilic intracellular shuttles. one nucleus-directed loligomer, termed loligomer 4, was evaluated for its ability to function as a transfection agent. loligomer 4 readily associates with plasmids to form noncovalent complexes. the migration of loligomer ...	2015	10502339
sphingomyelin regulates the activity of secretory phospholipase a2 in the plasma membrane.	we examined the effect of the cellular sphingolipid level on the release of arachidonic acid (aa) and the activity of secretory phospholipase a2 (spla2 ) using two chinese hamster ovary (cho)-k1 cell mutants, ly-b and ly-a cells, deficient in sphingolipid synthesis. in ly-b cells, deficiency of sphingolipids enhanced the release of aa induced by bee venom spla2-iii or human spla2-v. these alterations were reversed by replenishment of exogenous sphingomyelin (sm). in ly-a cells, deficiency of sm ...	2015	25716287
upgrading a microplate reader for photobiology and all-optical experiments.	automation can vastly reduce the cost of experimental labor and thus facilitate high experimental throughput, but little off-the-shelf hardware for the automation of illumination experiments is commercially available. here, we use inexpensive open-source electronics to add programmable illumination capabilities to a multimode microplate reader. we deploy this setup to characterize light-triggered phenomena in three different sensory photoreceptors. first, we study the photoactivation of arabidop ...	2015	25373866
identification, synthesis, and safety assessment of forchlorfenuron (1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea) and its metabolites in kiwifruits.	identification and evaluation of safety of forchlorfenuron ((1-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea)), 1, metabolites after biotransformation in kiwifruit is the objective of this study. to elucidate properties of these metabolites, liquid chromatography hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (lc-it-tof-ms) was applied, with metid solution and formula predictor software in positive mode. cytotoxicity of forchlorfenuron and its metabolites were tested through sulforhodamine b assays agains ...	2015	25757044
horseradish peroxidase-immobilized magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a potential candidate to eliminate intracellular reactive oxygen species.	horseradish peroxidase-immobilized magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (mmsns-hrp) have been synthesized by a nhs/edc coupling between the amino groups of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and the carboxyl groups on the mmsns surface. it is found that the immobilized hrp on mmsns still retain high activity and the mmsns-hrp can eliminate the reactive oxygen species (ros) in chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells induced by the addition of h2o2 aqueous solution. further, the fluorescent mmsn-hrp-cd na ...	2015	25587910
[anti-hbs persistence after revaccination with three doses of hepatitis b vaccines among non-responsive adults: 24-month of follow-up].	to access the antibody persistence 24-month after revaccination with 3-dose of hepatitis b vaccine (hepb) among non-response adults.	2015	26733135
the art of cho cell engineering: a comprehensive retrospect and future perspectives.	chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells represent the most frequently applied host cell system for industrial manufacturing of recombinant protein therapeutics. cho cells are capable of producing high quality biologics exhibiting human-like post-translational modifications in gram quantities. however, production processes for biopharmaceuticals using mammalian cells still suffer from cellular limitations such as limited growth, low productivity and stress resistance as well as higher expenses compared ...	2015	26523782
using gene essentiality and synthetic lethality information to correct yeast and cho cell genome-scale models.	essentiality (es) and synthetic lethality (sl) information identify combination of genes whose deletion inhibits cell growth. this information is important for both identifying drug targets for tumor and pathogenic bacteria suppression and for flagging and avoiding gene deletions that are non-viable in biotechnology. in this study, we performed a comprehensive es and sl analysis of two important eukaryotic models (s. cerevisiae and cho cells) using a bilevel optimization approach introduced earl ...	2015	26426067
ice-binding protein derived from glaciozyma can improve the viability of cryopreserved mammalian cells.	ice-binding proteins (ibps) can inhibit ice recrystallization (ir), a major cause of cell death during cryopreservation. ibps are hypothesized to improve cell viability after cryopreservation by alleviating the cryoinjury caused by ir. in our previous studies, we showed that supplementation of the freezing medium with the recombinant ibp of the arctic yeast glaciozyma sp. (designated as leibp) could reduce post-thaw hemolysis of human red blood cells and increase the survival of cryopreserved di ...	2015	26323271
understanding the intracellular effects of yeast extract on the enhancement of fc-fusion protein production in chinese hamster ovary cell culture.	yeast extract (ye), as a non-animal source additive for mammalian cell culture medium, has been widely used for manufacturing of therapeutic proteins. in the present study, one particular ye was found to have significantly improved the specific productivity (q p) of fc-fusion protein in recombinant chinese hamster ovary (rcho) cell culture. in order to elucidate the intracellular effects of ye on protein productivity, steps of the target protein synthesis process were investigated to unveil thei ...	2015	26162671
optimizing eukaryotic cell hosts for protein production through systems biotechnology and genome-scale modeling.	eukaryotic cell lines, including chinese hamster ovary cells, yeast, and insect cells, are invaluable hosts for the production of many recombinant proteins. with the advent of genomic resources, one can now leverage genome-scale computational modeling of cellular pathways to rationally engineer eukaryotic host cells. genome-scale models of metabolism include all known biochemical reactions occurring in a specific cell. by describing these mathematically and using tools such as flux balance analy ...	2015	26099571
mapping ha-tagged protein at the surface of living cells by atomic force microscopy.	single-molecule force spectroscopy using atomic force microscopy (afm) is more and more used to detect and map receptors, enzymes, adhesins, or any other molecules at the surface of living cells. to be specific, this technique requires antibodies or ligands covalently attached to the afm tip that can specifically interact with the protein of interest. unfortunately, specific antibodies are usually lacking (low affinity and specificity) or are expensive to produce (monoclonal antibodies). an alte ...	2015	26046654
evaluation of photodegradation, phototoxicity and photogenotoxicity of ofloxacin in ointments with sunscreens and in solutions.	fluoroquinolones are widely used anti-bacterial agents that are known to exhibit moderate to severe phototoxicity. furthermore some of them reveal photogenotoxicity under uv irradiation. incidence of side effects due to light exposure may be augmented, if the medicament is used topically. the main goal of this work was to compare the extent of photodegradation of ofloxacin in ointments with various excipients: hydrated or non-hydrated base and the addition of sunscreens: bisoctrizole (tinosorb m ...	2015	25728226
diphenyl ditelluride-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis: a relation with topoisomerase i inhibition.	the diphenyl ditelluride (dpdt) is a prototype for the development of new biologically active molecules. in previous studies, dpdt showed an elevated cytotoxicity in chinese hamster fibroblast (v79) cells but the mechanisms for reduction of cell viability still remain unknown. dpdt showed mutagenic properties by induction of frameshift mutations in bacterium salmonella typhimurium and yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. this organotelluride also induced dna strand breaks in v79 cells. in this work, ...	2015	25168415
are bites the "missing link" in cancer therapy?	conventional treatment for cancer routinely includes surgical resection and some combination of chemotherapy and radiation. these approaches are frequently accompanied by unintended and highly toxic collateral damage to healthy tissues, which are offset by only marginal prognostic improvements in patients with advanced cancers. this unfortunate balance has driven the development of novel therapies that aim to target tumors both safely and efficiently. over the past decade, mounting evidence has ...	2015	26155413
removal of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy prion from large volumes of cell culture media supplemented with fetal bovine serum by using hollow fiber anion-exchange membrane chromatography.	cases of variant creutzfeldt-jakob disease in people who had consumed contaminated meat products from cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy emphasize the need for measures aimed at preventing the transmission of the pathogenic prion protein (prpsc) from materials derived from cattle. highly stringent scrutiny is required for fetal bovine serum (fbs), a growth-medium supplement used in the production of parenteral vaccines and therapeutic recombinant proteins and in the ex vivo expansion o ...	2015	25874629
phosphorylation of nonmuscle myosin ii-a regulatory light chain resists sendai virus fusion with host cells.	enveloped viruses enter host cells through membrane fusion and the cells in turn alter their shape to accommodate components of the virus. however, the role of nonmuscle myosin ii of the actomyosin complex of host cells in membrane fusion is yet to be understood. herein, we show that both (-) blebbistatin, a specific inhibitor of nonmuscle myosin ii (nmii) and small interfering rna markedly augment fusion of sendai virus (sev), with chinese hamster ovary cells and human hepatocarcinoma cells. in ...	2015	25993465
in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of (-)-6,6'-dinitrohinokinin against schistosomula and juvenile and adult worms of schistosoma mansoni.	the chemotherapy of schistosomiasis relies on the use of praziquantel. however, concerns over drug resistance have encouraged the search for new drug leads. this paper is the first report on the in vitro and in vivo activity of (-)-6,6'-dinitrohinokinin (dnk) against schistosoma mansoni. in vitro, the lethal concentrations for 50% of parasites (lc50) of dnk against adult worms were 103.9±3.6 and 102.5±4.8μm at 24 and 72h, respectively. scanning electron microscopy images showed extensive tegumen ...	2015	26071648
antibacterial effect of porcine ptx3 against streptococcus suis type 2 infection.	pentraxin 3 (ptx3), a soluble pattern recognition receptor, plays an important role in innate immunity and has been implicated to be a candidate resistance gene against streptococcus suis 2 infection. to discover the antibacterial effect of porcine ptx3 against s. suis 2, the 42-kda ptx3 protein was expressed by chinese hamster ovary cells (cho), and an additional eukaryotic expression vector pvax-ptx3 was constructed. the expressed porcine ptx3 mediated a range of antibacterial activities inclu ...	2015	26427882
differential biological activities of swine interferon-α subtypes.	interferons (ifns) play a crucial role in the host's immune response and other homeostatic control actions. three ifn types and several ifn families within the types allow for a plethora of regulatory actions. the number of distinct ifn molecules is highest among type i ifns and, in particular, within the ifn-α family. in pigs, there are 17 ifn-α subtypes with different antiviral activities and different expression profiles; however, no data are available about biological properties other than t ...	2015	26447602
the distribution pattern of α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids affects host cell preference in toxoplasma gondii.	tachyzoites of toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite, actively invade almost all types of nucleated cells. however, t. gondii tachyzoites preferentially infect particular types of animal tissue cells. the mechanism underlying the host cell preference of t. gondii is not yet known. in this study, we found that enzymatic removal of α2,3- but not α2,6-linked sialic acids on the surface of vero cells decreased t. gondii tachyzoite adhesion or invasion to the treated cells. although c ...	2015	26003519
cloning and expression of major surface antigen 1 gene of toxoplasma gondii rh strain using the expression vector pvax1 in chinese hamster ovary cells.	toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic protozoan infection with a high prevalence in a broad range of hosts infecting up to one-third of the world human population. toxoplasmosis leads to serious medical problems in immunocompromised individuals and fetuses and also induces abortion and mortality in domestic animals. therefore, there is a huge demand for the development of an effective vaccine. surface antigen 1 (sag1) is one of the important immunodominant surface antigens of toxoplasma gondii, whic ...	2015	25861441
analysis by a highly sensitive split luciferase assay of the regions involved in app dimerization and its impact on processing.	alzheimer's disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive loss of cognitive functions, leading to dementia. two types of lesions are found in ad brains: neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. the latter are composed mainly of the β-amyloid peptide (aβ) generated by amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (app). several studies have suggested that dimerization of app is closely linked to aβ production. nevertheless, the mechanisms controlling app dimer ...	2015	26500837
organic anion transporter 1 is inhibited by multiple mechanisms and shows a transport mode independent of exchange.	the mechanism by which drugs inhibit organic anion transporter 1 (oat1) was examined. oat1 was stably expressed in chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells, and para-aminohippurate (pah) and 6-carboxyfluorescein were the substrates. most compounds (10 of 14) inhibited competitively, increasing the michaelis constant (km) without affecting the maximal transport rate (jmax). others were mixed-type (lowering jmax and increasing km) or noncompetitive (lowering jmax only) inhibitors. the interaction of a no ...	2015	26370539
isoform separation of proteins by mixed-mode chromatography.	mixed-mode chromatography uses a multimodal functional resin, mainly composed of electrostatic and aromatic/hydrophobic groups. here we have tested 2 mixed-mode resins, anion-exchange capto adhere and cation-exchange capto mmc, using 2 model proteins, i.e., an fc-fusion etanercept, and bovine serum albumin (bsa). when etanercept was produced in chinese hamster ovary cells, a large amount of misfolded species was generated. a novel technology to achieve effective separation of the misfolded or ag ...	2015	26278821
ingestion of coffee polyphenols increases postprandial release of the active glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1(7-36)) amide in c57bl/6j mice.	the widespread prevalence of diabetes, caused by impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance, is now a worldwide health problem. glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1) is a major intestinal hormone that stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion from β cells. prolonged activation of the glp-1 signal has been shown to attenuate diabetes in animals and human subjects. therefore, glp-1 secretagogues are attractive targets for the treatment of diabetes. recent epidemiological studies have reported ...	2015	26097706
characterization of cell death caused by diplodiatoxin and dipmatol, toxic metabolites of stenocarpella maydis.	diplodiosis, a neuromycotoxicosis of cattle and sheep grazing on mouldy cobs infected by stenocarpella maydis, is considered the last major veterinary mycotoxicosis for which the causative mycotoxin is still unknown. the current study was aimed at characterizing the cell death observed in mouse neuroblastoma (neuro-2a), chinese hamster ovary (cho-k1) and madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cell lines exposed to the s. maydis metabolites (i.e. diplodiatoxin and dipmatol) by investigating the roles o ...	2015	26004494
impact of graphene oxide on viability of chinese hamster ovary and mouse hepatoma mh-22a cells.	the evaluation of the cyto- and bio-compatibility is a critical step in the development of graphene oxide (go) as a new promising material for in vivo biomedical applications. in this study, we report the impact of go, with and without the addition of bovine serum albumin, on healthy (chinese hamster ovary) and a cancer (mouse hepatoma mh-22a) cells viability and the estimation of the intracellular distribution of go inside the cells in vitro. the viability tests were performed using a colony fo ...	2015	25982263
characterization of anti-cd20 monoclonal antibody produced by transgenic silkworms (bombyx mori).	in response to the successful use of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) in the treatment of various diseases, systems for expressing recombinant mabs using transgenic animals or plants have been widely developed. the silkworm (bombyx mori) is a highly domesticated insect that has recently been used for the production of recombinant proteins. because of their cost-effective breeding and relatively easy production scale-up, transgenic silkworms show great promise as a novel production system for mabs. i ...	2015	26261057
stabilization of cellular mitochondrial enzyme complex and sialyltransferase activity through supplementation of 30kc19 protein.	in previous studies, 30kc19, a lipoprotein in silkworm hemolymph, enhanced productivity and glycosylation by expression of a 30kc19 gene or supplementation with a recombinant 30kc19 protein. additionally, 30kc19 exhibited enzyme-stabilizing and cell-penetrating abilities in vitro. in this study, we hypothesized that supplemented 30kc19 penetrated into the cell and enhanced the stability of the cellular enzyme. we investigated this using in vitro and cellular assessments. the activity of sialyltr ...	2015	25193421
in vitro and in vivo antimutagenic effects of dig, a herbal preparation of berberis vulgaris, taraxacum officinale and arctium lappa, against mitomycin c.	dig, a liquid herbal preparation made from a mixture of diluted mother tinctures of berberis vulgaris, taraxacum officinale and arctium lappa, was assessed for its antimutagenic properties against mitomycin c. the micronucleus assay on chinese hamster ovary (cho)-k1 cells was used to evaluate the in vitro anticlastogenic activity of dig compared to those of separately diluted mother tinctures. the micronucleus assay was performed on mouse erythrocytes and the comet assay was performed on mouse l ...	2015	25666712
recombinant human lactoferrin-fc fusion with an improved plasma half-life.	lactoferrin (lf), an 80-kda iron-binding glycoprotein found in mammalian exocrine secretions, has potential therapeutic efficacy due to its extensive health-promoting effects. however, lf is rapidly cleared from the circulation (∼12.6min half-life for recombinant human lf [rhlf] in rats), which limits its therapeutic potential. therefore, to improve plasma stability, we developed a recombinant human lf (hlf)-immunoglobulin g1 (igg1) fragment crystallizable domain (fc) fusion (hlf-hinge-ch2-ch3) ...	2015	25433245
molecular basis for antagonistic activity of anifrolumab, an anti-interferon-α receptor 1 antibody.	anifrolumab (anifrolumab) is an antagonist human monoclonal antibody that targets interferon α receptor 1 (ifnar1). anifrolumab has been developed to treat autoimmune diseases and is currently in clinical trials. to decipher the molecular basis of its mechanism of action, we engaged in multiple epitope mapping approaches to determine how it interacts with ifnar1 and antagonizes the receptor. we identified the epitope of anifrolumab using enzymatic fragmentation, phage-peptide library panning and ...	2015	25606664
development of a vhh-based erythropoietin quantification assay.	erythropoietin (epo) quantification during cell line selection and bioreactor cultivation has traditionally been performed with elisa or hplc. as these techniques suffer from several drawbacks, we developed a novel epo quantification assay. a camelid single-domain antibody fragment directed against human epo was evaluated as a capturing antibody in a label-free biolayer interferometry-based quantification assay. human recombinant epo can be specifically detected in chinese hamster ovary cell sup ...	2015	25764454
synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of [(3)h]hs665, a novel, highly selective radioligand for the kappa opioid receptor.	herein we report the radiolabeling and pharmacological investigation of a novel radioligand, the n-cyclobutylmethyl substituted diphenethylamine [(3)h]hs665, designed to bind selectively to the kappa opioid peptide (kop) receptor, a target of therapeutic interest for the treatment of a variety of human disorders (i.e., pain, affective disorders, drug addiction, and psychotic disorders). hs665 was prepared in tritium-labeled form by a dehalotritiated method resulting in a specific activity of 30. ...	2015	25496417
plant expression systems for early stage discovery and development of lead therapeutic antibodies.	antibodies for human clinical applications are predominantly produced in mammalian expression systems, with chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells being the gold standard. cho cells are ideal for the manufacturing of the igg class of antibodies, but not for the production of complex antibodies like secretory igas (sigas) and igms, which remain unavailable for clinical use. in contrast, plant seeds and leaves hold the promise to produce sigas, igms and similar complex antibody formats to scalable amou ...	2015	27472860
observation of chinese hamster ovary cells retained inside the non-woven fiber matrix of the celltank bioreactor.	this data article shows how the recombinant chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells are located in the interstices of the matrix fibers of a celltank bioreactor after completion of a perfusion culture, supporting the article entitled "very high cell density perfusion of cho cells anchored in a non-woven matrix-based bioreactor" by zhang et al. [1]. it provides a visualization of the cell distribution in the non-woven fiber matrix in a deeper view.	2015	26958613
effect of a uv predose on dna replication in uv irradiated chinese hamster v79 cells.		2015	6814533
cloning of the initiation region of a mammalian chromosomal replicon.	in eukaryotic cells, each chromosome is divided into several thousand tandemly arranged replicons, each synthesized at a characteristic time during the s period. although as yet no eukaryotic dna sequence known for certain to be a eukaryotic chromosomal replication origin has been isolated, electron microscopic and biochemical evidence suggests that eukaryotic dna synthesis is initiated at specific sites. we have attempted to establish a system in which functional chromosomal origins could be id ...	2015	6300683
comparison of five different in vitro assays for assessment of sodium metavanadate cytotoxicity in chinese hamster ovary cells (cho-k1 line).	this investigation was undertaken to compare five different in vitro cytotoxicity assays for their power in revealing vanadium-mediated toxicity in chinese hamster ovary (cho)-k1 cells. the cells were exposed to sodium metavanadate (navo(3)) in the range of 10-1000 µm for 24 h and thereafter the cytotoxic effects of navo(3) were measured by colorimetric in vitro assays: the neutral red (nr) test, the 2,3-bis[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2h-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide inner salt (xtt) assay, ...	2015	23524879
galactosylation variations in marketed therapeutic antibodies.	there are currently ~25 recombinant full-length iggs (riggs) in the market that have been approved by regulatory agencies as biotherapeutics to treat various human diseases. most of these are based on igg1k framework and are either chimeric, humanized or human antibodies manufactured using either chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells or mouse myeloma cells as the expression system. because cho and mouse myeloma cells are mammalian cells, riggs produced in these cell lines are typically n-glycosylate ...	2015	22531450
pre-coating layered double hydroxide nanoparticles with albumin to improve colloidal stability and cellular uptake.	one of the major challenges for nanoparticles to be used as a drug/gene delivery platform is their tendency to aggregate in electrolyte solution (physiological environment). the present work introduced the albumin pre-coating strategy that effectively prevented inorganic layered double hydroxide (ldh) nanoparticles with different sizes and interlayer anions from aggregation in phosphate buffer saline and cell culture medium solutions. we found that the key factors influencing the colloidal stabi ...	2015	32262327
intrinsically fluorescent cytotoxic cisplatin analogues as dna marker molecules.	two square planar derivatives of pt(en)cl(2) with intrinsic fluorescence in aqueous solution at room temperature, with quantum yields (phi) 0.11 and 0.10, respectively, have been synthesized and characterized as [pt(en)(cg)cl] (complex 1) and [pt(en)(cg)(2)] (complex 2) (en = ethylenediamine, cg = cholylglycinate). complexes 1 and 2 exchange just one ligand (chloride or cholylglycinate, respectively) when reacted with water or 5'-gmp to give the same chemical species. after reaction with dna oli ...	2015	15769080
mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the haloacetic acids, a major class of drinking water disinfection by-products.	the haloacetic acids (haas) are disinfection by-products (dbps) that are formed during the disinfection of drinking water, wastewaters and recreational pool waters. currently, five haas [bromoacetic acid (baa), dibromoacetic acid (dbaa), chloroacetic acid (caa), dichloroacetic acid (dcaa), and trichloroacetic acid (tcaa); designated as haa5] are regulated by the u.s. epa, at a maximum contaminant level of 60 μg/l for the sum of baa, dbaa, caa, dcaa, and tcaa. we present a comparative systematic ...	2015	20839218
mutagenic activity of four furocoumarins: angelicin, 4,5'-dimethyl-angelicin, psoralen and 8-methyl-psoralen on v79 chinese hamster cells.	four furocoumarins, two having a linear structure (psoralen and 8-methyl-psoralen) and two having an angular structure (angelicin and 4,5'-dimethyl-angelicin), were studied for their mutagenic activity in the hgprt system on v79 chinese hamster cells in culture (v79/hgprt system). all the four drugs, when activated by near-ultraviolet (nuv) light, were effective in inducing hgprt mutants. their efficiency ranked in the following order: 8-methyl-psoralen greater than psoralen = 4,5-dimethylangeli ...	2015	3540276
differential effects induced by n-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene and n-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene in dna excision-repair-deficient chinese hamster cells.	the direct-acting cytotoxic properties of n-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (n-oh-aaf) and n-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene (n-oh-af) have been determined in repair-proficient (aa8-4) and repair-deficient (uv-5) chinese hamster ovary cells. cytotoxicity comparisons indicate that uv-5 cells are considerably more sensitive to exposure to n-oh-aaf than is the parental aa8-4 cell line, i.e., concentrations needed to obtain a d37 for survival of aa8-4 is greater than 5-fold higher than for uv-5. mutation anal ...	2015	3173402
the r-banding pattern of the chinese hamster don cell line.	chinese hamster cells (don line) were treated in vivo with 5-brdu and 33258-hoechst fluorochrome for obtaining the partial inhibition of condensation that causes the r-banding pattern. untreated chromosomes were stained by a standard g-banding method. statistical measurements show significant differences in the band numbers between the two treatments. the don cell line in the authors' laboratory presents some karyotypical differences from don cell lines studied by other authors.	2015	3248711
effect of nickel(ii) on dna-protein interactions.	alterations in dna-protein interactions (dpi) may play an important role in carcinogenesis. although the mechanism of nickel carcinogenesis is unknown, nickel reportedly affects dpi. a microfiltration, nitrocellulose filter assay was utilized to study dpi in intact chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells and in isolated nuclei. prior to exposure of cho cells or isolated cho cell nuclei, dna and proteins were radiolabeled using 3h-thymidine and 35s-methionine, respectively. nuclei were exposed to nicl2 ...	2015	2484578
modulation of heparan sulfate biosynthesis by sodium butyrate in recombinant cho cells.	sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been used to improve transgene expression in chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. the current study explores the impact of butyrate treatment on heparan sulfate (hs) biosynthesis and structural composition in a recombinant cho-s cell line expressing enzymes in the heparin (hp)/(hs) biosynthetic pathway (dual-10 stably expressing ndst2 and hs3st1). flow cytometric analysis showed that antithrombin binding was increased in dual-10 cells and basic ...	2015	24468831
fast intracellular dissolution and persistent cellular uptake of silver nanoparticles in cho-k1 cells: implication for cytotoxicity.	toxicity of silver nanoparticles (ag nps) has been reported both in vitro and in vivo. however, the intracellular stability and chemical state of ag nps are still not very well studied. in this work, we systematically investigated the cellular uptake pathways, intracellular dissolution and chemical species, and cytotoxicity of ag nps (15.9 ± 7.6 nm) in chinese hamster ovary cell subclone k1 cells, a cell line recommended by the oecd for genotoxicity studies. quantification of intracellular nanop ...	2015	24738617
quantitative cumulative biodistribution of antibodies in mice: effect of modulating binding affinity to the neonatal fc receptor.	the neonatal fc receptor (fcrn) plays an important and well-known role in antibody recycling in endothelial and hematopoietic cells and thus it influences the systemic pharmacokinetics (pk) of immunoglobulin g (igg). however, considerably less is known about fcrn's role in the metabolism of igg within individual tissues after intravenous administration. to elucidate the organ distribution and gain insight into the metabolism of humanized igg1 antibodies with different binding affinities fcrn, co ...	2015	24572100
red colored igg4 caused by vitamin b12 from cell culture media combined with disulfide reduction at harvest.	while many antibody therapeutics are formulated at low concentration (~10-20 mg/ml) for intravenous administration, high concentration (> 100 mg/ml) formulations may be required for subcutaneous delivery in certain clinical indications. for such high concentration formulations, product color is more apparent due to the higher molecular density across a given path-length. color is therefore a product quality attribute that must be well-understood and controlled, to demonstrate process consistency ...	2015	24552690
dynamics of unfolded protein response in recombinant cho cells.	genes in the protein secretion pathway have been targeted to increase productivity of monoclonal antibodies in chinese hamster ovary cells. the results have been highly variable depending on the cell type and the relative amount of recombinant and target proteins. this paper presents a comprehensive study encompassing major components of the protein processing pathway in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) to elucidate its role in recombinant cells. mrna profiles of all major er chaperones and unfold ...	2015	24504562
comprehensive tracking of host cell proteins during monoclonal antibody purifications using mass spectrometry.	an advanced two-dimensional liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry platform was used to quantify individual host cell proteins (hcps) present at various purification steps for several therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mabs) produced in chinese hamster ovary cells. the methodology produced reproducible identifications and quantifications among replicate analyses consistent with a previously documented individual limit of quantification of ~13 ppm. we were able to track individual hcps from cell ...	2015	24518299
salt ions and related parameters affect pei-dna particle size and transfection efficiency in chinese hamster ovary cells.	transfection efficiency is directly associated with the expression level and quantity of recombinant protein after the transient transfection of animal cells. the transfection process can be influenced by many still-unknown factors, so it is valuable to study the precise mechanism and explore these factors in gene delivery. polyethylenimine (pei) is considered to have high transfection efficiency and endosome-disrupting capacity. here we aimed to investigate optimal conditions for transfection e ...	2015	24166598
characterization of the effects of cl⁻ channel modulators on tmem16a and bestrophin-1 ca²⁺ activated cl⁻ channels.	the ca(2+) activated cl(-) channels (caccs) play a multitude of important physiological functions. a number of candidate proteins have been proposed to form cacc, but only two families, the bestrophins and the tmem16 proteins, recapitulate the properties of native cacc in expression systems. studies of endogenous caccs are hindered by the lack of specific pharmacology as most cl(-) channel modulators lack selectivity and a systematic comparison of the effects of these modulators on tmem16a and b ...	2015	25078708
development of a soft-sensor based on multi-wavelength fluorescence spectroscopy and a dynamic metabolic model for monitoring mammalian cell cultures.	a soft-sensor based on an extended kalman filter (ekf) that combines data obtained using a fluorescence-based soft-sensor with a dynamic mechanistic model, was investigated as a tool for continuous monitoring of a chinese hamster ovary (cho) cell cultivation process. a standalone fluorescence based soft-sensor, which uses a combination of an empirical multivariate statistical model and measured spectra, was designed for predicting key culture variables including viable and dead cells, recombinan ...	2015	25065633
evaluation of the toxic activity of anorectic diethylpropion in chinese hamster ovary cells.	diethylpropion has been available in the market for treating obesity for over 50 years. refined studies are lacking to fully elucidate its action spectrum. the aim of our study was to evaluate possible toxic effects of anorectic diethylpropion in chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. comet assay (detects breaks in the dna strand), micronucleus test (detects clastogenic/aneugenic damage), and cell survival test (detects cytotoxic damage) were used to evaluate the toxic effects. in comet assay, we fo ...	2015	25005806
in vitro biological characterization of ifn-β-1a major glycoforms.	recombinant human interferon β-1a (ifn-β-1a) is extensively used as the first-line treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. its glycosylation is recognized as having a complex impact on a wide range of molecule characteristics and functions. the present study reports the enrichment of ifn-β-1a glycoforms and their physicochemical and biological characterization by means of electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, sialic acid content, thermal denaturation and various in vitro bioassa ...	2015	25117008
mutagenicity and clastogenicity evaluation of metaphenoxy benzyl chloride by ames and micronucleus assays.	metaphenoxy benzyl chloride (3-pbc; cas # 53874-66-1) is a commonly used intermediate in organic synthesis and is a widely used chemical building block. there is likelihood of human contact with 3-pbc in the process of organic or pesticide synthesis and even through as impurity in the product. further, this chemical has been reported to be found in water reservoirs causing a threat to aqueous flaura and fauna. genotoxic alert has been suspected for the chemical 3-pbc based on its structure hence ...	2015	25109298
bafilomycin l, a new inhibitor of cholesteryl ester synthesis in mammalian cells, produced by marine-derived streptomyces sp. opma00072.	marine-derived streptomyces sp. opma00072 was found to produce inhibitors of the synthesis of neutral lipids in a cell-based assay using chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. a new 16-membered macrolide named bafilomycin l (bfl) (1) was isolated along with the known structurally related bafilomycin c1 (bfc1) (3) from the culture broth of the actinomycete by solvent extraction, octadecylsilyl column chromatography and hplc. bfl inhibited cholesteryl ester (ce) synthesis in cho cells with an ic50 val ...	2015	25095804
design of serum-free medium for suspension culture of cho cells on the basis of general commercial media.	the design of serum-free media for suspension culture of genetically engineered chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells using general commercial media as a basis was investigated. subcultivation using a commercial serum-free medium containing insulin-like growth factor (igf)-1 with or without fcs necessitated additives other than igf-1 to compensate for the lack of fcs and improve cell growth. suspension culture with media containing several combinations of growth factors suggested the effectiveness o ...	2015	25149286