Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| regiospecific internal desaturation of aliphatic compounds by a mutant rhodococcus strain. | a mutant rhodococcus strain lacking the ability to utilize 1-chlorohexadecane was found to cis-desaturate aliphatic compounds, such as 1-chlorohexadecane, n-hexadecane, and heptadecanonitrile, yielding corresponding products with a double bond mainly at the ninth carbon from the terminal methyl groups. a new oxidative pathway involving the cis-desaturation step was suggested for alkane utilization by rhodococcus spp. | 1999 | 10584034 |
| analysis of the reaction mechanism and substrate specificity of haloalkane dehalogenases by sequential and structural comparisons. | haloalkane dehalogenases catalyse environmentally important dehalogenation reactions. these microbial enzymes represent objects of interest for protein engineering studies, attempting to improve their catalytic efficiency or broaden their substrate specificity towards environmental pollutants. this paper presents the results of a comparative study of haloalkane dehalogenases originating from different organisms. protein sequences and the models of tertiary structures of haloalkane dehalogenases ... | 1999 | 10585505 |
| nad(+)-dependent (s)-specific secondary alcohol dehydrogenase involved in stereoinversion of 3-pentyn-2-ol catalyzed by nocardia fusca aku 2123. | an nad(+)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase was purified to homogeneity from nocardia fusca aku 2123. the enzyme catalyzed (s)-specific oxidation of 3-pentyn-2-ol (pyoh), i.e., part of the stereoinversion reaction for the production of (r)-pyoh, which is a valuable chiral building block for pharmaceuticals, from the racemate. the enzyme used a broad variety of secondary alcohols including alkyl alcohols, alkenyl alcohols, acetylenic alcohols, and aromatic alcohols as substrates. the oxidation was ... | 1999 | 10586501 |
| haloalkane dehalogenases: structure of a rhodococcus enzyme. | the hydrolytic haloalkane dehalogenases are promising bioremediation and biocatalytic agents. two general classes of dehalogenases have been reported from xanthobacter and rhodococcus. while these enzymes share 30% amino acid sequence identity, they have significantly different substrate specificities and halide-binding properties. we report the 1.5 a resolution crystal structure of the rhodococcus dehalogenase at ph 5.5, ph 7.0, and ph 5.5 in the presence of nai. the rhodococcus and xanthobacte ... | 1999 | 10587433 |
| mediastinitis due to gordona sputi after cabg. | genus gordona is included in mycolic acid containing bacteria. this genus infection is very rare and occurs classically in immuno-compromised patients. we report a patient who developed mediastinitis due to gordona sputi after coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg) using left internal mammary artery. immunocompromised factors were not noticed in this case but postoperative bleeding, the most important risk factor of mediastinitis, was found in his course. the treatment was antibiotic therapy, su ... | 1999 | 10597001 |
| degradation of chloronitrobenzenes by a coculture of pseudomonas putida and a rhodococcus sp. | a single microorganism able to mineralize chloronitrobenzenes (cnbs) has not been reported, and degradation of cnbs by coculture of two microbial strains was attempted. pseudomonas putida hs12 was first isolated by analogue enrichment culture using nitrobenzene (nb) as the substrate, and this strain was observed to possess a partial reductive pathway for the degradation of nb. from high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and 1h nuclear magnetic resonance analyses, nb-grown cells ... | 1999 | 10049867 |
| microbial desulfurization of organic sulfur compounds in petroleum. | sulfur removal from petroleum is important from the standpoint of the global environment because the combustion of sulfur compounds leads to the production of sulfur oxides, which are the source of acid rain. as the regulations for sulfur in fuels become more stringent, the existing chemical desulfurizations are coming inadequate for the "deeper desulfurization" to produce lower-sulfur fuels without new and innovative processes. biodesulfurization is rising as one of the candidates. several micr ... | 1999 | 10052116 |
| diversity of bacterial strains degrading hexadecane in relation to the mode of substrate uptake. | the relative distribution of the modes of hydrocarbon uptake, used by bacteria of the environment for the degradation of long-chain alkanes, has been evaluated. the first mode of uptake, direct interfacial accession, involves contact of cells with hydrocarbon droplets. in the second mode, biosurfactant-mediated transfer, cell contact takes place with hydrocarbons emulsified or solubilized by biosurfactants. sixty-one strains growing on hexadecane were isolated from polluted and non-polluted soil ... | 1999 | 10196747 |
| selective transport of divalent cations by transition metal permeases: the alcaligenes eutrophus hoxn and the rhodococcus rhodochrous nhlf. | nhlf and hoxn, the genes encoding a cobalt transporter of rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 and a nickel permease of alcaligenes eutrophus h16, respectively, were expressed in escherichia coli. 57co2+ and 63ni2+ transport of the recombinants was examined by means of a previously described physiological assay. although the transporters are highly similar, different preferences for divalent transition metal cations were observed. hoxn was unable to transport 57co2+, but mediated 63ni2+ uptake. the latter ... | 1999 | 10201093 |
| comparison of microbiologic and high-performance liquid chromatography assays to determine plasma concentrations, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of erythromycin base in plasma of foals after intravenous or intragastric administration. | to determine pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of erythromycin base after intragastric administration and erythromycin lactobionate after iv administration to healthy foals and to compare a microbiologic assay with a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method to determine plasma concentrations of erythromycin a. | 1999 | 10211682 |
| dust-borne bacteria in animal sheds, schools and children's day care centres. | a total of 316 bacterial strains, including psychrophiles, mesophiles and thermophiles, were isolated and identified from indoor dusts in schools, children's day care centres and animal sheds. several species which had not previously been reported from indoor environments were found: sphingomonas, brevibacterium, nocardiopsis, deinococcus and rhodococcus/gordona. a new psychrophilic actinomycete genus was also found in animal sheds, representing a new undescribed peptidoglycan type and an unusua ... | 1999 | 10212408 |
| characterization of is2112, a new insertion sequence from rhodococcus, and its relationship with mobile elements belonging to the is110 family. | a new insertion sequence (is2112) was identified in the genome of the 1-haloalkane-utilizing bacterium rhodococcus rhodochrous ncimb 13064. the insertion element is 1415 bp long, does not contain terminal inverted repeats, and is not flanked by directly repeated sequences. is2112 belongs to the is110 family of transposable elements, and forms a separate subfamily, along with is116. two copies of is2112 were found in r. rhodochrous ncimb 13064 and one, two or three copies of a similar sequence we ... | 1999 | 10217489 |
| evidence for an inducible nucleotide-dependent acetone carboxylase in rhodococcus rhodochrous b276. | the metabolism of acetone was investigated in the actinomycete rhodococcus rhodochrous (formerly nocardia corallina) b276. suspensions of acetone- and isopropanol-grown r. rhodochrous readily metabolized acetone. in contrast, r. rhodochrous cells cultured with glucose as the carbon source lacked the ability to metabolize acetone at the onset of the assay but gained the ability to do so in a time-dependent fashion. chloramphenicol and rifampin prevented the time-dependent increase in this activit ... | 1999 | 10217764 |
| [cavitated pulmonary lesions in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection]. | 1999 | 10217851 | |
| detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation genes in different soil bacteria by polymerase chain reaction and dna hybridization. | twenty different strains of pseudomonas, mycobacterium, gordona, sphingomonas, rhodococcus and xanthomonas which degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah) were characterized in respect to genes encoding degradation enzymes for pah. genomic dna from these strains was hybridized with a fragment of ndob, coding for the large iron sulfur protein (isp alpha) of the naphthalene dioxygenase from pseudomonas putida paw736 (ncib 9816). a group of seven naphthalene-degrading pseudomonas strains showe ... | 1999 | 10220903 |
| rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14 contains a novel degradation pathway for limonene. | strain dcl14, which is able to grow on limonene as a sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from a freshwater sediment sample. this organism was identified as a strain of rhodococcus erythropolis by chemotaxonomic and genetic studies. r. erythropolis dcl14 also assimilated the terpenes limonene-1,2-epoxide, limonene-1,2-diol, carveol, carvone, and (-)-menthol, while perillyl alcohol was not utilized as a carbon and energy source. induction tests with cells grown on limonene revealed that ... | 1999 | 10224006 |
| haloalkane dehalogenases: steady-state kinetics and halide inhibition. | the substrate specificities and product inhibition patterns of haloalkane dehalogenases from xanthobacter autotrophicus gj10 (xadhl) and rhodococcus rhodochrous (rrdhl) have been compared using a ph-indicator dye assay. in contrast to xadhl, rrdhl is efficient toward secondary alkyl halides. using steady-state kinetics, we have shown that halides are uncompetitive inhibitors of xadhl with 1, 2-dichloroethane as the varied substrate at ph 8.2 (cl-, kii = 19 +/- 0.91; br-, kii = 2.5 +/- 0.19 mm; i ... | 1999 | 10231528 |
| isolation and primary characterization of an amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous. | amidase (ec 3.5.1.4) was purified to homogeneity from rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 using isopropanol fractionation and exchange chromatography on mono q. the isolated amidase consists of four identical subunits with molecular weight 42+/-2 kd. the activity of the enzyme is maximal at 55-60 degrees c and within the ph range 5-8. the amidase from r. rhodochrous m8 is highly sensitive to such sulfhydryl reagents as hg2+ and cu2+. chelators (edta and o-phenanthroline) and serine proteinase inhibitors ... | 1999 | 10231590 |
| comparison of the fuel oil biodegradation potential of hydrocarbon-assimilating microorganisms isolated from a temperate agricultural soil. | strains of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) were isolated from an agricultural soil in france. in a field, a portion was treated with oily cuttings resulting from the drilling of an onshore well. the cuttings which were spread at the rate of 600 g hc m-2 contained 10% of fuel oil hydrocarbons (hc). another part of the field was left untreated. three months after hc spreading, hc adapted bacteria and fungi were isolated at different soil depths in the two plots and identi ... | 1999 | 10231986 |
| movement disorders in encephalitis induced by rhodococcus aurantiacus infection relieved by the administration of l-dopa and anti-t-cell antibodies. | mice injected with rhodococcus aurantiacus by the intravenous (i.v.) route show neurological disorders, hemiparesis, vertical headshake and turn-round gait after day 7 postinfection (p.i.). neurological symptoms caused by i.v. inoculation of r. aurantiacus were relieved by treatment with levodopa (l-dopa). r. aurantiacus was isolated from the brain and was found to be completely eliminated at day 7 p. i. focal encephalitis was mainly observed in the brain stem, and t cells could be isolated from ... | 1999 | 10233672 |
| tumour necrosis factor and interferon-gamma are required in host resistance against virulent rhodococcus equi infection in mice: cytokine production depends on the virulence levels of r. equi. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes pneumonia in foals and immunosuppressed humans. there are at least three virulence levels of r. equi and these pathogenicities are associated, in mice, with the presence of virulence plasmids. this study focused on cytokine secretion, in mice, in the course of a primary infection with sublethal doses of r. equi strains of different virulence levels (virulent, intermediately virulent and avirulent). tumour necrosis fac ... | 1999 | 10233686 |
| distribution of a nocardia brasiliensis catalase gene fragment in members of the genera nocardia, gordona, and rhodococcus. | an immunodominant protein from nocardia brasiliensis, p61, was subjected to amino-terminal and internal sequence analysis. three sequences of 22, 17, and 38 residues, respectively, were obtained and compared with the protein database from genbank by using the blast system. the sequences showed homology to some eukaryotic catalases and to a bromoperoxidase-catalase from streptomyces violaceus. its identity as a catalase was confirmed by analysis of its enzymatic activity on h2o2 and by a double-s ... | 1999 | 10325357 |
| production of cholesterol oxidase by rhodococcus equi no. 23 in a jar fermenter. | rhodococcus equi no. 23 was grown in a batch fermenter. the effects of cultivation temperature, ph of the culture medium, aeration rate and agitation speed on the production of cholesterol oxidase (cholox) by the test organism were examined. results revealed that the cultivation temperature, the ph of the medium, the aeration rate and the agitation speed all affected the production of cholox by r. equi no. 23. adjusting the operation variables during the cultivation period increased the producti ... | 1999 | 10334951 |
| live virulent rhodococcus equi, rather than killed or avirulent, elicits protective immunity to r. equi infection in mice. | mice inoculated intravenously with a sublethal dose of live virulent rhodococcus equi atcc 33701 that contained an 85-kb virulence plasmid were immune to a lethal intravenous challenge of atcc 33701. this immunity depended upon the dose of immunization and developed rapidly: mice primed with 10(5) live atcc 33701 eliminated the challenged bacteria more rapidly than mice primed with doses ranging from 10(2) to 10(4) bacteria, and mice given 10(5) live atcc 33701 intravenously withstood the lethal ... | 1999 | 10340706 |
| infection by rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids: histological appearance mimicking whipple's disease and mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection. | rhodococcus equi pneumonia with systemic dissemination is being reported increasingly in immunocompromised patients. this is the first case report of disseminated r equi infection with biopsy documented involvement of the large intestine. the patient was a 46 year old male with aids who was diagnosed with cavitating pneumonia involving the left lower lobe. r equi was isolated in culture from the blood and lung biopsies. subsequently, the patient developed anaemia, diarrhoea, and occult blood in ... | 1999 | 10343616 |
| transcriptional analysis of the nitrile-degrading operon from rhodococcus sp. acv2 and high level production of recombinant amidase with an escherichia coli-t7 expression system. | northern blotting analysis with rna probes derived from amidase and nitrile hydratase genes from rhodococcus sp. acv2 revealed that both genes are part of the same operon. rnase protection mapping and sequence analysis indicated that the operon is probably under the control of a sigma 70-like promoter located upstream from the amidase gene. plasmids were constructed with the cloned genes under tac and lac promoter control. expression of amda was demonstrated in escherichia coli. in another const ... | 1999 | 10347869 |
| actinomycetes in karstic caves of northern spain (altamira and tito bustillo). | a variety of isolation procedures were carried out to study the involvement of bacteria in the colonisation and biodeterioration of spanish caves with paleolithic rock art (altamira and tito bustillo). the applied techniques mainly aimed to isolate heterotrophic bacteria such as streptomycetes, nocardioform and coryneform actinomycetes, and other gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the results demonstrated that actinomycetes were the most abundant gram-positive bacteria in the caves. actin ... | 1999 | 10353805 |
| an enzyme controlled by light: the molecular mechanism of photoreactivity in nitrile hydratase. | extensive studies have revealed the molecular mechanism of the photoreactivity of nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771. in the inactive enzyme, nitric oxide is bound to the non-heme ferric iron at the catalytic center, stabilized by a claw-like structure formed by two post-translationally modified cysteines and a serine. the inactive nitrile hydratase is activated by the photoinduced release of the nitric oxide. this result might provide a means of designing novel photoreactive chemical ... | 1999 | 10354562 |
| peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations and immunoglobulin concentrations in healthy foals and foals with rhodococcus equi pneumonia. | infectious diseases are common in foals aged 1-5 months. the objectives of this investigation were to evaluate immunologic parameters in foals from birth to weaning to establish reference values for the proportion of circulating lymphocytes that were helper (cd4+) or cytotoxic (cd8+) t cells, or b cells; to measure serum immunoglobulin (igm and igg) concentrations; and to compare these immunologic parameters to values in foals with naturally occurring rhodococcus equi pneumonia and in adult hors ... | 1999 | 10357110 |
| linear alkanesulfonates as carbon and energy sources for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | several bacteria from soil and rainwater samples were enriched and isolated with propanesulfonate or butanesulfonate as sole carbon and energy source. most of the strains isolated utilized nonsubstituted alkanesulfonates with a chain length of c3-c6 and the substituted sulfonates taurine and isethionate as carbon and energy source. a gram-positive isolate, p40, and a gram-negative isolate, p53, were characterized in more detail. phylogenetic analysis grouped strain p40 within group iv of the gen ... | 1999 | 10369899 |
| role of the 85-kilobase plasmid and plasmid-encoded virulence-associated protein a in intracellular survival and virulence of rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular pathogen of macrophages and a cause of pneumonia in young horses (foals) and immunocompromised people. isolates of r. equi from pneumonic foals typically contain large, 85- or 90-kb plasmids encoding a highly immunogenic virulence-associated protein (vapa). the objective of this study was to determine the role of the 85-kb plasmid and vapa in the intracellular survival and virulence of r. equi. clinical isolates containing the plasmid and expressin ... | 1999 | 10377138 |
| the glu residue in the conserved asn-glu-pro sequence of endoglycoceramidase is essential for enzymatic activity. | endoglycoceramidase (egcase) is an enzyme capable of cleaving the glycosidic linkage between oligosaccharides and ceramides of various glycosphingolipids. we previously cloned the gene encoding egcase ii of rhodococcus sp. m-777 and reported that the deduced amino acid sequence contained the asn-glu-pro (nep) sequence, conserved as part of the active site of family a cellulases (endo-1,4-beta-glucanases) (j. biol. chem. 272, 19846, 1997). the nep sequence was also found in the deduced amino acid ... | 1999 | 10381348 |
| effect of gamma radiation on native endolithic microorganisms from a radioactive waste deposit site. | a time-course experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of gamma radiation on the indigenous microbiota present in rock obtained from yucca mountain, nevada test site. microcosms were constructed by placing pulverized yucca mountain rock in polystyrene cylinders. continuous exposure (96 h) at a dose rate of 1.63 gy/min was used to mimic the near-field environment surrounding waste canisters. the expected maximum surface dose rate from one unbreached canister designed to contain spent nucl ... | 1999 | 10381842 |
| biodesulfurization. | microbial sulfur-specific transformations have been identified that selectively desulfurize organic sulfur compounds in fossil fuels. recent discoveries related to biodesulfurization mechanisms may lead to commercial applications of biodesulfurization through engineering recombinant strains for over-expression of biodesulfurization genes, removal of end product repression, and/or by combining relevant industrial and environmental traits with improvements in bioprocess design. | 1999 | 10383871 |
| physiological adaptations involved in alkane assimilation at a low temperature by rhodococcus sp. strain q15. | we examined physiological adaptations which allow the psychrotroph rhodococcus sp. strain q15 to assimilate alkanes at a low temperature (alkanes are contaminants which are generally insoluble and/or solid at low temperatures). during growth at 5 degrees c on hexadecane or diesel fuel, strain q15 produced a cell surface-associated biosurfactant(s) and, compared to glucose-acetate-grown cells, exhibited increased cell surface hydrophobicity. a transmission electron microscopy examination of strai ... | 1999 | 10388690 |
| a comparison between toxicity tests using single species and a microbial process. | in this study the sensitivity of the acetate mineralization process performed by five strains of microorganisms in soil for the toxicants zn2+ or pcp was calculated from the sensitivity of the contributing species. the species used were a fungus (aspergillus niger cbs 121.49), an actinomycete (streptomyces lividans 66), two gram-negative pseudomonas putida strains (mt-2 and dsm 50026) and a gram-positive strain rhodococcus erythropolis a177. for zinc the ec10 of the process performed by the five ... | 1999 | 10390842 |
| the smcl gene of listeria ivanovii encodes a sphingomyelinase c that mediates bacterial escape from the phagocytic vacuole. | the ruminant pathogen listeria ivanovii differs from listeria monocytogenes in that it causes strong, bizonal haemolysis and a characteristic shovel-shaped co-operative haemolytic ('camp-like') reaction with rhodococcus equi. we cloned the gene responsible for the differential haemolytic properties of l. ivanovii, smcl. it encodes a sphingomyelinase c (smase) highly similar (> 50% identity) to the smases from staphylococcus aureus (beta-toxin), bacillus cereus and leptospira interrogans. smcl wa ... | 1999 | 10417642 |
| etiology, clinical features and outcome of splenic microabscesses in hiv-infected patients with prolonged fever. | a prospective study was conducted to determine the etiology, clinical features, and outcome in a series of 32 consecutively enrolled hiv-infected patients with prolonged fever in whom high resolution (7.5 mhz) sonography revealed multiple splenic microabscesses. conventional (3.5 mhz) sonography showed no splenic abnormalities in any patients. the diagnoses were: tuberculosis (14), visceral leishmaniasis (7), disseminated mycobacterium avium complex infection (5), salmonella spp. bacteremia (2), ... | 1999 | 10421038 |
| disseminated rhodococcus equi infection in two goats. | rhodococcus equi infection was diagnosed in two goats from the same herd. at necropsy, numerous caseating granulomas were disseminated throughout the liver, lungs, abdominal lymph nodes, medulla of right humerus, and the right fifth rib of goat no. 1, and the liver of goat no. 2. histopathologic examination confirmed the presence of multiple caseating granulomas in these organs. numerous gram-positive and giemsa-positive coccobacilli were identified within the cytoplasm of macrophages. aerobic b ... | 1999 | 10421101 |
| isolation and characterization of indene bioconversion genes from rhodococcus strain i24. | rhodococcus strain 124 is able to convert indene into indandiol via the actions of at least two dioxygenase systems and a putative monooxygenase system. we have identified a cosmid clone from 124 genomic dna that is able to confer the ability to convert indene to indandiol upon rhodococcus erythropolis sq1, a strain that normally can not convert or metabolize indene. hplc analysis reveals that the transformed sq1 strain produces cis-(1r,2s)-indandiol, suggesting that the cosmid clone encodes a n ... | 1999 | 10422226 |
| characterization of antarctic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria capable of producing bioemulsifiers. | during screening for biosurfactant-producing, n-alkane-degrading marine bacteria, two heterotrophic bacterial strains were isolated from enriched mixed cultures, obtained from terra nova bay (ross sea, antarctica) by using aliphatic and artomatic hydrocarbons as the principal carbon source. these gram-positive, aerobic, cocci-shaped bacteria use a various number of organic compounds, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, volatile fatty acids, and biphenyl. during cultivation on n-alkanes as sole sou ... | 1999 | 10423744 |
| isolation and characterization of catechol 1,2-dioxygenases from rhodococcus rhodnii strain 135 and rhodococcus rhodochrous strain 89: comparison with analogous enzymes of the ordinary and modified ortho-cleavage pathways. | catechol 1,2-dioxygenases of the ordinary ortho-cleavage pathway have been isolated from strains rhodococcus rhodnii 135 and rhodococcus rhodochrous 89 grown on phenol as the sole source of carbon and energy. the activities of the catechol 1,2-dioxygenases with 3- and 4-methylpyrocatechols were 1.3-1.5 times higher than those with pyrocatechol. the rate of oxidation of 3-chloropyrocatechol catalyzed by both enzymes was 20% of the rate of oxidation of unsubstituted pyrocatechol. the enzymes are h ... | 1999 | 10424908 |
| bioconversion of pyrimidine by resting cells of quinoline-degrading bacteria. | nine quinoline-degrading bacterial strains were tested for their ability to hydroxylate pyrimidine. all strains converted pyrimidine to uracil via pyrimidine-4-one in a cometabolic process. quinoline 2-oxidoreductases (quinors) were the catalysts of fortuitous pyrimidine hydroxylation. whereas in most strains the activity of the quinor towards pyrimidine was very low compared to its activity towards quinoline, quinor in crude extracts from comamonas testosteroni 63 showed a specific activity of ... | 1999 | 10427712 |
| in vitro activities of polycationic peptides alone and in combination with clinically used antimicrobial agents against rhodococcus equi. | the in vitro activities of magainin ii, nisin, and ranalexin alone and in combination with other antimicrobial agents against six clinical isolates of rhodococcus equi were investigated by mic and time-kill studies. all isolates were more susceptible to nisin. a positive interaction was observed when the peptides were combined with ampicillin, ceftriaxone, rifabutin, rifampin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and vancomycin. | 1999 | 10428947 |
| effect of a mixed culture on co-oxidation during the degradation of saturated hydrocarbon mixture. | two bacterial strains, pseudomonas aeruginosa k1 and rhodococcus equi p1, were used to degrade cyclo-alkanes (such as decalin) by a co-oxidation mechanism. both strains possessed the capacity to degrade a broad range of n-alkane mixtures (c7 to c28) within 24 h of incubation. strain p1 rapidly degraded 10 gl-1 pristane within 24 h of incubation (mu = 0.36 h-1 and yx/s = 0.6). the addition of hexadecane as a growth substrate (above 0.5%, v/v) resulted in complete degradation of 1% (v/v) decalin b ... | 1999 | 10432589 |
| tertiary and quaternary structures of photoreactive fe-type nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771: roles of hydration water molecules in stabilizing the structures and the structural origin of the substrate specificity of the enzyme. | the crystal structure analysis of the fe-type nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771 revealed the unique structure of the enzyme composed of the alpha- and beta-subunits and the unprecedented structure of the non-heme iron active center [nagashima, s., et al. (1998) nat. struct. biol. 5, 347-351]. a number of hydration water molecules were identified both in the interior and at the exterior of the enzyme. the study presented here investigated the roles of the hydration water molecules in s ... | 1999 | 10433695 |
| heterologous expression and characterization of the purified oxygenase component of rhodococcus globerulus p6 biphenyl dioxygenase and of chimeras derived from it. | in this work, we have purified the his-tagged oxygenase (ht-oxygenase) component of rhodococcus globerulus p6 biphenyl dioxygenase. the alpha or beta subunit of p6 oxygenase was exchanged with the corresponding subunit of pseudomonas sp. strain lb400 or of comamonas testosteroni b-356 to create new chimeras that were purified ht-proteins and designated ht-alpha(p6)beta(p6), ht-alpha(p6)beta(lb400), ht-alpha(p6)beta(b-356), ht-alpha(lb400)beta(p6), and ht-alpha(b-356)beta(p6). ht-alpha(p6)beta(p6 ... | 1999 | 10438748 |
| degradation of trichloroethene by a linear-plasmid-encoded alkene monooxygenase in rhodococcus corallinus (nocardia corallina) b-276. | rhodococcus corallinus (formerly nocardia corallina) b-276, isolated with propene as sole carbon and energy source, is able to oxidize trichloroethene (tce). glucose- or propene-grown r. corallinus b-276 cells exhibited no difference in tce degradation efficiency. tce degradation was found to be growth-phase-dependent and maximum rates were monitored with stationary-phase cells. k(m) and vmax values for tce degradation of r. corallinus b-276 grown in nutrient broth medium in the presence of gluc ... | 1999 | 10439411 |
| differential detection of key enzymes of polyaromatic-hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria using pcr and gene probes. | bacteria with ability to degrade polyaromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), isolated from wastewater and soil samples, were investigated for their taxonomic, physiological and genetic diversity. eighteen isolates able to metabolize naphthalene or phenanthrene as sole carbon source were taxonomically affiliated to different subclasses of the proteobacteria (sphingomonas spp., acidovorax spp., comamonas spp. and pseudomonas spp.) and to phyla of gram-positive bacteria with low and high dna g + c content (p ... | 1999 | 10439412 |
| cometabolic oxidation of phenanthrene to phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihydrodiol by mycobacterium strain s1 growing on anthracene in the presence of phenanthrene. | mycobacterium strain s1, originally described as rhodococcus strain s1 by chemotaxonomic criteria, was isolated by growth on anthracene, and is unable to use any of nine other polycyclic aromatic compounds as carbon source. metabolism of phenanthrene during growth on anthracene as sole carbon source results in the accumulation of traces of a dihydrodiol metabolite in the growth medium, which, by comparison with authentic standards, has been tentatively identified as phenanthrene trans-9,10-dihyd ... | 1999 | 10446712 |
| pulmonary malacoplakia associated with rhodococcus equi infection in patients with aids: case report and review. | 1999 | 10451186 | |
| requirement for a different hydrophobic moiety and reliable chromogenic substrate for endo-type glycosylceramidases. | a series of synthetic lactosides with aglycones that differed in length and structure were used to determine the substrate specificity of endo-type glycosylceramidases. endoglycoceramidases (egcase) from bacteria preferred lactosides with an acylamide structure over simple n-alkyl lactosides. while ceramide glycanase (cgase) from leech did not show preference. n -acylaminoethyl beta-lactosides and n -alkyl lactosides were substrates for both egcase and cgase, but n-acylaminobutyl beta-lactosides ... | 1999 | 10460837 |
| degradation of alicyclic molecules by rhodococcus ruber cd4. | the present work describes investigations on the bacterial degradation of the alicyclic molecule cyclododecane. it represents a structure where the initial degradative steps have to be similar to a "subterminal" attack as there is no "terminal" part of the molecule. we were able to show that the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus ruber cd4 dsm 44394 oxidizes cyclododecane to the corresponding alcohol and ketone, the latter being subject to ring fission by a baeyer-villiger oxygenase. this key e ... | 1999 | 10461374 |
| biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates from low-rank coal liquefaction products by pseudomonas oleovorans and rhodococcus ruber | a screening identified several bacteria that were able to use chemically heterogeneous low-rank coal liquefaction products as complex carbon sources for growth. pseudomonas oleovorans and rhodococcus ruber accumulated polyhydroxyalkanoic acids (pha) amounting to 2%-8% of the cell dry weight when the cells were cultivated on these liquefaction products in the absence of any other carbon source. r. ruber accumulated, in addition to pha, small amounts of triacylglycerols. the accumulated pha consis ... | 1999 | 10461375 |
| developments in destructive and non-destructive pathways for selective desulfurizations in oil-biorefining processes | biocatalytic desulfurization is still not a commercial technology, but conceptual engineering and sensitivity analyses have shown that the approach is very promising. the purpose of this paper is to investigate further some aspects of the biodesulphurization pathways, discussing the non-destructive pathway with the well-known rhodococcus rhodochrous igts8. findings revealed byproducts, such as 2'-hydroxybiphenyl (hbp), sulfite and sulfate, obtained by the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (dbt ... | 1999 | 10461376 |
| batch culture biodegradation of methylhydrazine contaminated nasa wastewater. | the batch culture degradation of nasa wastewater containing mixtures of citric acid, methylhydrazine, and their reaction product was studied. the organic contaminants present in the nasa wastewater were degraded by achromobacter sp., rhodococcus b30 and rhodococcus j10. while the achromobacter sp. showed a preference for the degradation of the citric acid, the rhodococcus species were most effective in reducing the methylhydrazine and the reaction product. removals of more than 50% were observed ... | 1999 | 10466199 |
| steroid monooxygenase of rhodococcus rhodochrous: sequencing of the genomic dna, and hyperexpression, purification, and characterization of the recombinant enzyme. | steroid monooxygenase of rhodococcus rhodochrous is a baeyer-villigerase catalyzing the insertion of an oxygen atom between the c(17)- and c(20)-carbons of progesterone to produce testosterone acetate. the 5.1-kbp-long bamhi dna fragment containing the steroid monooxygenase gene, smo, was cloned from the chromosomal dna and sequenced. the smo gene is 1,650 nucleotides long, starts with a ttg codon, and ends with a tga codon. the deduced amino acid sequence indicates that the enzyme protein consi ... | 1999 | 10467180 |
| nitrile hydratase involved in aldoxime metabolism from rhodococcus sp. strain yh3-3 purification and characterization. | nitrile hydratase responsible for aldoxime metabolism from the e-pyridine-3-aldoxime degrading bacterium, rhodococcus sp. strain yh3-3 was purified and characterized. addition of cobalt ion was necessary for the formation of enzyme. the enzyme activity was highly induced not only by nitriles and amides but also by several aldoxime compounds. the enzyme was purified approximately 108-fold with a 16% yield from the cell-free extract of the strain. the native enzyme had a mr of approximately 130 00 ... | 1999 | 10469129 |
| rhodococcus equi infections: clinical features and laboratory diagnosis. | 1999 | 10472487 | |
| stereoselective carveol dehydrogenase from rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14. a novel nicotinoprotein belonging to the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily. | a novel nicotinoprotein, catalyzing the dichlorophenolindophenol-dependent oxidation of carveol to carvone, was purified to homogeneity from rhodococcus erythropolis dcl14. the enzyme is specifically induced after growth on limonene and carveol. dichlorophenolindophenol-dependent carveol dehydrogenase (cdh) is a homotetramer of 120 kda with each subunit containing a tightly bound nad(h) molecule. the enzyme is optimally active at ph 5.5 and 50 degrees c and displays a broad substrate specificity ... | 1999 | 10473585 |
| expression of a functional antibody fragment in the gut of rhodnius prolixus via transgenic bacterial symbiont rhodococcus rhodnii. | expression within insects of foreign antiparasitic gene products via microbial symbionts could be used to prevent transmission of vector-borne pathogens to vertebrate hosts. genetically transformed symbiotic bacteria rhodococcus rhodnii expressed functional antibody fragments (rdb3 encoding murine v(h)/k which binds progesterone) that were exported into the gut lumen of the triatomine bug rhodnius prolixus (hemiptera: reduviidae), a vector of chagas disease. transgenic symbionts were maintained ... | 1999 | 10484156 |
| [pulmonary malacoplakia caused by rhodococcus equi in aids: a case report]. | we describe the observation of a right upper lobe consolidation with cavitation produced by rhodococcus equi in a patient suffering from aids. the inefficacy of a prolonged antimicrobial therapy adapted against r. equi led to a right upper lobectomy. the histopathology showed a pseudotumoral mass, with dense infiltration of macrophages containing michaelis-gutmann bodies, which was positive for the culture of r. equi. pulmonary malacoplakia with rhodococcus equi was diagnosed. this pathology sho ... | 1999 | 10486839 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphisms of virulence plasmids in rhodococcus equi. | virulent rhodococcus equi, which is a well-known cause of pyogranulomatous pneumonia in foals, possesses a large plasmid encoding virulence-associated 15- to 17-kda antigens. foal and soil isolates from five countries-argentina, australia, canada, france, and japan-were investigated for the presence of 15- to 17-kda antigens by colony blotting, using the monoclonal antibody 10g5, and the gene coding for 15- to 17-kda antigens by pcr. plasmid dnas extracted from positive isolates were digested wi ... | 1999 | 10488224 |
| tnf receptor p55 is required for elimination of inflammatory cells following control of intracellular pathogens. | the elimination of lymphocytes within inflammatory lesions is a critical component in the resolution of disease once pathogens have been cleared. we report here that signaling through the tnf receptor p55 (tnfrp55) is required to eliminate lymphocytes from lesions associated with intracellular pathogens. thus, tnfrp55-/- mice, but not fas-deficient mice, maintained inflammatory lesions associated with either leishmania major or rhodococcus equi infection, although they developed a th1 response a ... | 1999 | 10490988 |
| purification and partial characterization of caffeine oxidase--a novel enzyme from a mixed culture consortium. | cell-free extract prepared from a mixed culture consisting of strains belonging to the genera klebsiella and rhodococcus grown in the presence of caffeine contains a novel enzyme, caffeine (1,3, 7-trimethylxanthine) oxidase which catalyzes the oxidation of caffeine at the c-8 position to produce 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity by a combination of ion-exchange and hydrophobic column chromatographies. both native and sds/page of the purified enzyme showed a single ... | 1999 | 10491316 |
| nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus erythropolis: metabolization of steroidal compounds with a nitrile group. | the progestin dienogest (17alpha-cyanomethyl-17beta-hydroxy-estra-4,9-dien-3-one) was metabolized by the nitrile hydratase-containing microorganism rhodococcus erythropolis. an enzymatic hydrolysis of the nitrile group at the 17alpha-side chain was intended to obtain novel derivatives and to test them for progesterone receptor affinity. in contrast to the rapid enzymatic hydrolysis of nonsteroidal nitriles, the nitrile group of dienogest was cleaved very slowly. the dominant reaction was an arom ... | 1999 | 10493599 |
| modulation of cytokine response of pneumonic foals by virulent rhodococcus equi. | the ability of rhodococcus equi to induce pneumonia in foals depends on the presence of an 85- to 90-kb plasmid. in this study, we evaluated whether plasmid-encoded products mediate virulence by modulating the cytokine response of foals. foals infected intrabronchially with a virulence plasmid-containing strain of r. equi had similar gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) and interleukin-12 (il-12) p35 but significantly higher il-1beta, il-10, il-12 p40, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) mrna ex ... | 1999 | 10496876 |
| purification and characterization of a novel naphthalene dioxygenase from rhodococcus sp. strain ncimb12038. | we report here the characterization of the catalytic component (isp(nar)) of a new naphthalene dioxygenase from rhodococcus sp. strain ncimb12038. the genes encoding the two subunits of isp(nar) are not homologous to their previously characterized counterparts in pseudomonas. the deduced amino acid sequences have only 33 and 29% identity with the corresponding subunits in pseudomonas putida ncib 9816-4, for which the tertiary structure has been reported. | 1999 | 10498739 |
| essential tyrosine residues in 3-ketosteroid-delta(1)-dehydrogenase from rhodococcus rhodochrous. | tetranitromethane treatment of 3-ketosteroid-delta(1)-dehydrogenase of rhodococcus rhodochrous caused loss of the catalytic activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. peptides (p-81) and (pn-83) were isolated from tryptic digests of the native and tetranitromethane-treated enzyme proteins, respectively. pn-83 was the nitrated form of p-81. the amino acid sequence was ggaplidylesdddlefmvypwpdyfgk (positions 97-124 of the dehydrogenase sequence). pn-83 showed a low yield of pth-tyr of ... | 1999 | 10502672 |
| utilization of trihalogenated propanes by agrobacterium radiobacter ad1 through heterologous expression of the haloalkane dehalogenase from rhodococcus sp. strain m15-3. | trihalogenated propanes are toxic and recalcitrant organic compounds. attempts to obtain pure bacterial cultures able to use these compounds as sole carbon and energy sources were unsuccessful. both the haloalkane dehalogenase from xanthobacter autotrophicus gj10 (dhla) and that from rhodococcus sp. strain m15-3 (dhaa) were found to dehalogenate trihalopropanes to 2,3-dihalogenated propanols, but the kinetic properties of the latter enzyme are much better. broad-host-range dehalogenase expressio ... | 1999 | 10508091 |
| production and partial characterization of antibody to cord factor (trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate) in mice. | antibody production against the trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (tdm, cord factor) of rhodococcus ruber, a non-pathogenic species of the actinomycetales group, was investigated in mice by repeated intraperitoneal injection of tdm in water-in-oil-in-water micelles without carrier protein. the antigenic tdm was isolated and purified chromatographically from the chloroform-methanol extractable lipids of r. ruber. the hydrophobic moiety of this tdm was composed of two molecules of monoenoic or dienoic alp ... | 1999 | 10524797 |
| bacteremia due to dietzia maris in an immunocompromised patient. | 1999 | 10524995 | |
| severe otitis and mastoiditis due to rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids. case report. | we report a case of otitis media associated with pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi. a 31-year-old patient with aids presented with cough and right facial palsy. imaging revealed right otitis media and severe temporal bone destruction, associated with pneumonia. r. equi was isolated from ear secretions, blood, and sputum. the radiologic findings are described. this unusual pathogen should be included in the differential diagnosis of the immunocompromised patient with aggressive otitis. | 1999 | 10525774 |
| microbial conversion of indene to indandiol: a key intermediate in the synthesis of crixivan. | indene is oxidized to mixtures of cis- and trans-indandiols and related metabolites by pseudomonas putida and rhodococcus sp. isolates. indene metabolism is consistent with monooxygenase and dioxygenase activity. p. putida resolves enantiomeric mixtures of cis-1,2-indandiol by further selective oxidation of the 1r, 2s-enantiomer yielding high enantiomeric purity of cis-(1s, 2r)-indandiol, a potential intermediate in the synthesis of indinavir sulfate (crixivan), a protease inhibitor used in the ... | 1999 | 10935755 |
| cloning of an orf with homology to mycobacterium echa1, encoding the enoyl-coa hydratase, in rhodococcus fascians. | an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of significant homology (55.7% identity) with the enoyl-coa hydratase encoded by the gene echa1 from mycobacterium tuberculosis has been found in the genome of the plant-pathogen bacteria rhodococcus fascians strain nrrl-b-15096. sequence alignments showed that it possesses several conserved blocks common to e. coli, m. tuberculosis and human mitochondria. one of such blocks includes a glutamate residue located at position 149, corresponding to the gl ... | 1999 | 10727085 |
| complement activation by mycoloyl glycolipids from mycobacterium tuberculosis and rhodococcus ruber. | in this study, we examined complement activation by mycoloyl glycolipids (mgl) such as trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (tdm), often termed cord factor, and trehalose-6-monomycolate from mycobacterium tuberculosis and rhodococcus ruber, and also examined the effect of complement binding to mgl on phagocytosis by human monocytes. tdm and tmm, but not glucose mycolate, mannose mycolate or fructose mycolate which differ from tmm only in carbohydrate moiety, exhibited complement activation. tdm and tmm of ... | 1999 | 10730082 |
| [conjugative transfer of a plasmid from escherichia coli to various strains of the order actinomycetales]. | the conjugal transfer of autonomous and integrative plasmids from the donor strain escherichia coli s17-1 to strains of genera actinomadura, arthrobacter, kitasatoa, micromonospora, nocardia, rhodococcus, saccharopolyspora, and to 16 strains of the genus streptomyces was demonstrated. the status of plasmids in recipient strains and the stability of their inheritance were analyzed. plasmids constructed for strains of the genus streptomyces were shown to function in a large number of strains belon ... | 1999 | 10687092 |
| epoxide hydrolases and their synthetic applications. | chiral epoxides and 1,2-diols, which are central building blocks for the asymmetric synthesis of bioactive compounds, can be obtained by using enzymes--i.e. epoxide hydrolases--which catalyse the enantioselective hydrolysis of epoxides. these biocatalysis have recently been found to be more widely distributed in fungi and bacteria than previously expected. sufficient sources from bacteria, such as rhodococcus and nocardia spp., or fungi, as for instance aspergillus and beauveria spp., have now b ... | 1999 | 9933984 |
| hydride-meisenheimer complex formation and protonation as key reactions of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol biodegradation by rhodococcus erythropolis. | biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (picric acid) by rhodococcus erythropolis hlpm-1 proceeds via initial hydrogenation of the aromatic ring system. here we present evidence for the formation of a hydride-meisenheimer complex (anionic sigma-complex) of picric acid and its protonated form under physiological conditions. these complexes are key intermediates of denitration and productive microbial degradation of picric acid. for comparative spectroscopic identification of the hydride complex, i ... | 1999 | 9973345 |
| [pulmonary infection from rhodococcus equi after renal transplantation. review of the literature]. | rhodococcus equi, a strictly aerobic gram positive coco-bacillus, is a pathogen for horses and foals. it may induce opportunistic infections and is described in aids infected patients. we report the case of a 47-year old man, breeder of horses, with kidney transplant who has presented, 8 years after his graft, an impairment of health, a fever and evidence of pulmonary disease. the pulmonary biopsy under scanner guidance and microbiology study, has displayed the diagnosis of rhodococcus equi infe ... | 1999 | 10642987 |
| [bacteremic pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection and visceral leishmaniasis]. | 1999 | 10650653 | |
| characterization of is1676 from rhodococcus erythropolis sq1. | to develop a transposable element-based system for mutagenesis in rhodococcus, we used the sacb gene from bacillus subtilis to isolate a novel transposable element, is1676, from r. erythropolis sq1. this 1693 bp insertion sequence is bounded by imperfect (10 out of 13 bp) inverted repeats and it creates 4 bp direct repeats upon insertion. comparison of multiple insertion sites reveals a preference for the sequence 5'-(c/t)ta(a/g)-3' in the target site. is1676 contains a single, large (1446 bp) o ... | 1999 | 10616714 |
| an extractive membrane biofilm reactor for degradation of 1,3-dichloropropene in industrial waste water. | a bacterial biofilm, capable of mineralising a technical mixture of cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene (dcpe), was enriched on the biomedium side of an extractive membrane biofilm reactor (embr). the membrane separates the biomedium from the industrial waste water, in terms of ph, ionic strength and the concentration of toxic chemicals. the biofilm, attached to a silicone membrane, is able to mineralize dcpe after its diffusion through the membrane. five bacterial strains with degradation capabi ... | 1999 | 10616720 |
| analysis of the relative abundance of different types of bacteria capable of toluene degradation in a compost biofilter. | a microbial community of a compost biofilter treating toluene vapors was investigated using serum-bottle assays and mineral-agar plates. toluene was not consumed in the absence of oxygen. however, filter-bed extracts exposed to toluene vapor as the only carbon source produced distinct colony types (phenotypic groups) that were counted separately. strains from each group were isolated and checked for toluene-degradation activity in serum bottles. only 15% of colonies were true toluene degraders. ... | 1999 | 10616721 |
| biodegradation of a high molecular weight aliphatic ether--indications of an unusual biodegradation pathway. | an aliphatic ether (1-phytanyl-1-octadecanyl-ether) of high molecular weight was used as a sole carbon source in degradation experiments with different aerobic bacteria. the enriched culture b5, obtained from fuel contaminated soils, was able to degrade the substance for more than 90%. a culture of rhodococcus ruber was similarly effective. detailed investigation of the metabolites allowed us to characterize an unusual degradation pathway via a mid-chain oxidation mechanism ('internal oxidative ... | 1999 | 11068823 |
| [equine rhodococcus equi pneumonia: first report in israel and its significance for man]. | rhodococcus equi is an important pathogen in young horses. in recent years it has been increasingly recognized as an opportunistic infectious agent in patients with immune deficiency. the increase in recognized cases may be related to the increased prevalence of aids. however, more cases may have been recognized lately due to increased awareness of the pathogenicity of this bacterium. based on medical reports, there appears to be an association between rhodococcus equi infections and exposure to ... | 1999 | 10959322 |
| antimicrobial activity of o-carboranylalanine. | functionalized polyhedral carboranes, including amino acid analogs, have unique physicochemical properties and are used as experimental anticancer agents. however, our current knowledge on their effect in nonmammalian biological systems is limited. we investigated the activity spectrum in vitro of o-carboranylalanine (o-cba), considered to be a highly lipophilic analog of phenylalanine, against representative plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi of various taxonomic position. the antibacterial ef ... | 1999 | 10707765 |
| search for virulence-associated antigens of rhodococcus equi in strains isolated from patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | rhodococcus equi (formerly corynebacterium equi) are known to be highly virulent, intermediate in virulence, or avirulent correlated with specific virulence-associated antigens identified immunochemically by different molecular weights. the association of virulence antigens with infection of aids patients by this organism has not been sufficiently evaluated in brazil or italy. the objective of the present study was to search for virulence-associated antigens of 15-to 17-kd and 20-kd in rhodococc ... | 1999 | 11084666 |
| rapid identification of clinically relevant nocardia species to genus level by 16s rrna gene pcr. | two regions of the gene coding for 16s rrna in nocardia species were selected as genus-specific primer sequences for a pcr assay. the pcr protocol was tested with 60 strains of clinically relevant nocardia isolates and type strains. it gave positive results for all strains tested. conversely, the pcr assay was negative for all tested species belonging to the most closely related genera, including dietzia, gordona, mycobacterium, rhodococcus, streptomyces, and tsukamurella. besides, unlike the la ... | 1999 | 9854071 |
| 3-nitroadipate, a metabolic intermediate for mineralization of 2, 4-dinitrophenol by a new strain of a rhodococcus species. | the bacterial strain rb1 has been isolated by enrichment cultivation with 2,4-dinitrophenol as the sole nitrogen, carbon, and energy source and characterized, on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence comparison, as a rhodococcus species closely related to rhodococcus opacus. rhodococcus sp. strain rb1 degrades 2,4-dinitrophenol, releasing the two nitro groups from the compound as nitrite. the release of nitro groups from 2,4-dinitrophenol occurs in two steps. first, the 2-nitro group is removed as ... | 1999 | 9864324 |
| microbial desulfurization of a crude oil middle-distillate fraction: analysis of the extent of sulfur removal and the effect of removal on remaining sulfur. | rhodococcus sp. strain ecrd-1 was evaluated for its ability to desulfurize a 232 to 343 degrees c middle-distillate (diesel range) fraction of oregon basin (ob) crude oil. ob oil was provided as the sole source of sulfur in batch cultures, and the extent of desulfurization and the chemical fate of the residual sulfur in the oil after treatment were determined. gas chromatography (gc), flame ionization detection, and gc sulfur chemiluminesce detection analysis were used to qualitatively evaluate ... | 1999 | 9872778 |
| a sensitive, viable-colony staining method using nile red for direct screening of bacteria that accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoic acids and other lipid storage compounds. | the oxazine dye nile blue a and its fluorescent oxazone form, nile red, were used to develop a simple and highly sensitive staining method to detect poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) and other polyhydroxyalkanoic acids (phas) directly in growing bacterial colonies. in contrast to previously described methods, these dyes were directly included in the medium at concentrations of only 0.5 microgram/ml, and growth of the cells occurred in the presence of the dyes. this allowed an estimation of the presenc ... | 1999 | 9914303 |
| effect of aromatic compounds on cellular fatty acid composition of rhodococcus opacus. | in cells of rhodococcus opacus gm-14, gm-29, and 1cp, the contents of branched (10-methyl) fatty acids increased from 3% to 15 to 34% of the total fatty acids when the cells were grown on benzene, phenol, 4-chlorophenol, chlorobenzene, or toluene as the sole source of carbon and energy, in comparison with cells grown on fructose. in addition, the content of trans-hexadecenoic acid increased from 5% to 8 to 18% with phenol or chlorophenol as the carbon source. the 10-methyl branched fatty acid co ... | 1999 | 9925629 |
| stereoselectivities of microbial epoxide hydrolases. | epoxide hydrolases from bacterial and fungal sources are highly versatile biocatalysts for the asymmetric hydrolysis of epoxides on a preparative scale. besides kinetic resolution, which yields the corresponding enantiomerically enriched vicinal diol and the remaining nonconverted epoxide, enantioconvergent processes are also possible, which lead to the formation of a single enantiomeric diol from a racemic oxirane. the data available to date indicate that the enantioselectivities of enzymes fro ... | 1999 | 10021403 |
| phenylalanine dehydrogenase from rhodococcus sp. m4: high-resolution x-ray analyses of inhibitory ternary complexes reveal key features in the oxidative deamination mechanism. | the molecular structures of recombinant l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase from rhodococcus sp. m4 in two different inhibitory ternary complexes have been determined by x-ray crystallographic analyses to high resolution. both structures show that l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase is a homodimeric enzyme with each monomer composed of distinct globular n- and c-terminal domains separated by a deep cleft containing the active site. the n-terminal domain binds the amino acid substrate and contributes to the ... | 1999 | 10029526 |
| isolation of a gene encoding a glycosylated cytokinin oxidase from maize. | the major cytokinin oxidase in immature maize kernels was purified to homogeneity. selected tryptic peptides were used to design degenerate oligonucleotide primers for pcr isolation of a fragment of the oxidase gene. hybridization of the pcr fragment to a maize genomic library allowed isolation of a full-length cytokinin oxidase gene (ckx1). the gene encodes a protein of approximately 57 kda that possesses a signal peptide, eight consensus n-glycosylation sequences and a consensus fad binding se ... | 1999 | 10049708 |
| late events in the assembly of 20s proteasomes. | electron microscopy and stem mass measurements have been used to characterize late intermediates in the assembly pathway of wildtype and mutant rhodococcus proteasomes. a proteolytically inactive and processing-incompetent mutant, betak33a, allowed a short-lived late intermediate of the pathway to be captured, the preholoproteasome. in this fully assembled 20s complex the 14 propeptides with an aggregate mass of 100 kda fill the whole central cavity and most of the two antechambers. it is furthe ... | 1998 | 10049805 |
| development of recombinant bacteria for the degradation of dibenzothiophene. | 1998 | 9928115 | |
| nitrilase catalyzes amide hydrolysis as well as nitrile hydrolysis. | while amides were reported to be completely inert as substrates for all nitrilases reported to date, the nitrilase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1, which catalyzes the hydrolytic cleavage of the c-n triple bond in nitrile to form acid and ammonium, was surprisingly found to catalyze hydrolysis of amide to acid and ammonium stoichiometrically. this nitrilase exhibited a km of 2.94 mm for benzamide, similar to that for benzonitrile as the original substrate (2.10 mm), but the vmax for benzamide wa ... | 1998 | 9918784 |
| [pulmonary cavitation lesions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: an analysis of a series of 78 cases]. | to assess the clinical, radiologic and microbiological features of lung cavitation and hiv infection. evaluation of the differences related to this disease in the last years. | 1998 | 9922954 |