Publications

the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated with anaerobic thoracic empyema.	the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone has been associated with many pulmonary diseases, including tuberculosis and bacterial and viral pneumonia: however, it has not been reported with anaerobic infections or empyema in the absence of pneumonia. we report a patient with empyema due to bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides oralis, and peptostreptococcus who developed the syndrome. eight hours before the start of therapy, his serum sodium concentration was 127 meq per ...	1977	15491
in vitro inhibition of growth of neisseria gonorrhoeae by genital microorganisms.	the ability of microorganisms present in titers of over 10(5)/ml in the vaginal or cervical secretions to inhibit growth of n. gonorrhoeae in vitro was tested. study of a strain of n. gonorrhoeae against 77 microorganisms demonstrated that most strans of s. epidermidis, s. aureus and the one "gaffkya anaerobia" interfered with the growth of the n. gonorrhoeae. a minority of strains of s. viridans, neisseria, candida and bifidobacterium demonstrated interference. no strains of enterococcus, dipth ...	1977	17163
effect of pressure upon the fluorescence of various flavodoxins.	the effects of hydrostatic pressure in the range of 10(-3) to 11 kbar on the fluorescence of flavodoxins from peptostreptococcus elsdenii, desulfovibrio vulgaris, azotobacter vinelandii, and clostridium mp were investigated. the first three flavoproteins showed under high pressure enhancements of flavin fluorescence of over 50 times resulting from the release of flavin mononucleotide from the protein complex. the clostridial flavodoxin showed a very much smaller fluorescence change. at ph 7.5 th ...	1977	20943
current aspects of gas gangrene, apropos of 47 cases collected over a 3-year period (1974-1976).	on the basis of 47 cases of gas gangrene collected over the three year period between 1974 and 1976, the authors review the circumstances surrounding its development, the clinical features and the prognosis of the disorder which remains grave despite a well-defined therapeutic protocol combining surgery, antibiotics and hyperbaric oxygen. there would appear to be a real resurgence of the disease at the present time. post-traumatic and surgical aetiologies predominate, giving rise to two types of ...	1977	23023
predominant cultivable microbiota in periodontosis.		1977	138729
bacteriological studies of developing supragingival dental plaque.		1977	138733
dental caries in gnotobiotic rats inoculated with a strain of peptostreptococcus intermedius.		1977	264886
anaerobic bacteria in biliary disease in elderly patients.	gallbladder bile from 52 elderly subjects who had undergone biliary tract surgery was examined for the presence of bacteria. twelve patients had sterile bile, 18 specimens of bile yielded anaerobes as well as aerobes, and 22 yielded aerobic bacteria only. escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated organism (30 strains). bacteroides fragilis was the most frequently encountered anaerobic bacterium and was found in 15 patients. the klebsiella-enterobacter group was the second most commonly iso ...	1977	192815
a continuous fluorometric assay for flavokinase. properties of flavokinase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	a continuous fluorometric assay that utilizes apoflavodoxin as a trapping agent for riboflavin 5'-phosphate (fmn) has been developed for flavokinase (atp:riboflavin 5'-phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.1.26). use of this assay is illustrated in a procedure for the partial purification of flavokinase from the strict anaerobe peptostreptococcus elsdenii. the purified enzyme catalyzed the formation of 8.3 nmol fmn - min-1 - mg-1 at 37 degrees c and had apparent km values for riboflavin and atp of 10 and 4 ...	1977	195619
gelatin neutralization of the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on neisseria meningitidis in blood culture media.	the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate (0.05%) upon growth of neisseria meningitidis was found to be neutralized by adding gelatin (l.1%) to the growth medium. the neutralizing effect was demonstrated in solid medium, as well as in nutrient broth for blood cultures. the findings parallel those of wilkins and west (6) regarding gelatin neutralization of the inhibitory effect of sodium polyanethol sulfonate on peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	1977	195978
[fecal flora of man. v. communication: the fluctuation of the fecal flora of the healthy adult (author's transl)].	seven fecal specimens from each of healthy persons, aged 25 to 42 years, during the period of 2 months were analyzed to obtain the knowledge on the day-to-day variation in the same person and the person-to-person variation. irrespective of individuals, bacteroidaceae, catenabacteria (eubacteria and strict anaerobic lactobacilli), peptostreptococci (anaerobic gram positive cocci) and bifidobacteria constituted the predominant flora. spirillaceae, megasphaerae and clostridia (except cl. perfringen ...	1977	196456
the in vitro and in vivo activity of taurolin against anaerobic pathogenic organisms.	an antibacterial agent, taurolin, formed by the combination of 2 molecules of taurine with 3 molecules of formaldehyde has been tested against anaerobes in vitro and in vivo. in vitro, taurolin is highly active against bacteroides species and anaerobic streptococci as measured by the minimum inhibitory concentration. in vivo, small dosages of taurolin given intraperitoneally increase the mortality in mice with bacteroides peritonitis. however, by increasing the dosage of taurolin, survival is pr ...	1977	201040
bactericidal activity of tinidazole. an in vitro comparison of the effects of tinidazole and metronidazole against bacteroides fragilis and other anaerobic bacteria.	the new antiprotozoal agent, tinidazole, was found to be bactericidal against all 52 isolates of obligate anaerobic bacteria tested, 42 bacteroides fragilis, 4 clostridia and 6 peptostreptococci. the minimum bactericidal concentrations of tinidazole for b. fragilis ranged from 0.25 to 4 mug/ml, and those of metronidazole from 0.25 to 8 mug/ml, i.e. several times lower than the serum concentrations achievable after oral administration. in most cases the mic was identical with mbc or half of it. o ...	1977	318974
a double-blind comparison of clindamycin with penicillin plus chloramphenicol in treatment of septic abortion.	the responses to therapy with either clindamycin alone or penicillin plus chloramphenicol in 77 patients with septic abortions were compared in a randomized, double-blind study. although fever index and duration of hospitalization were similar for both groups of patients, significantly more patients in the group that received clindamycin developed major complications (p less than 0.05). this is believed to result from clindamycin's lack of activity against aerobic gram-negative bacilli. aggressi ...	1977	321709
[growth of non-sporing anaerobes in an oxygen-free blood culture system (author's transl)].	the efficacy of the commercially available vacutainer blood culture system to support the growth of non-sporing anaerobes was compared with two laboratory-prepared blood culture media (supplemented thioglycollate medium and brain heart infusion). the media were inoculated with 10, 100 and 1000 organisms of the species tested, and the number of colony-forming units was determined at intervals of 8-10 hrs. analogous experiments were performed with batches of the media to which 10% vol/vol of human ...	1977	325956
bacteriology of necrotizing fasciitis.	sixteen patients with necrotizing fasciitis were observed under clinical and laboratory conditions for collection, preservation, and culture that permitted optimal retrieval of anaerobes. the clinical observations of necrosis of fascia, subcutaneous fat and skin with thrombosis of the microvasculature, and absence of myonecrosis were clearly apparent in these patients. two clear-cut groups of culture and gram stain results were found, suggesting that the clinical entity of necrotizing fasciitis ...	1977	327844
necrotizing fasciitis in postpartum patients. a report of four cases.	necrotizing fascitis is a rare but rapidly progressive soft tissue infection not previously reported in an obstetric patient. since cure is dependent on rapid recognition and early surgical intervention, 4 cases are reported herein, the bacteriology discussed, and the literature reviewed.	1977	337196
bacteriological findings in cultures of clinical material from bartholin's abscess.	purulent exudate from 28 cases of bartholin's abscess were examined for aerobic, anaerobic, and microaerophilic bacteria. three cases gave no bacterial growth, five cases grew facultative bacteria only, and a further three grew a mixture of facultative and anaerobic bacteria. one case gave a pure growth of a microaerophilic streptococcus. anaerobic bacteria were the only isolates in 16 cases and bacteroides species were the most common organisms isolated; they were present as 62.5% of the total ...	1977	338640
eikenella corrodens subacute bacterial endocarditis: mixed infection in amphetamine user.		1977	340988
erythromycin and anaerobes: in vitro aspects.	anaerobic organisms are being increasingly recognised as important causes of serious infection in man. sampling procedures, transport of specimens and laboratory techniques need to be constantly monitored and improved if the causative organisms are to be consistently recovered from clinical specimens. once the organisms have been isolated, their susceptibility to antibiotics should be determined so that the clinician can base his antibiotic therapy on reliable laboratory results. there are many ...	1977	341310
amino acid sequence of desulfovibrio vulgaris flavodoxin.	the complete amino acid sequence for the 148-amino acid flavodoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris was determined to be: h3n+-met-pro-lys-ala-leu-ile-val-tyr-gly-ser-thr-thr-gly-asn-thr-glu-tyr-thr-ala-glu-thr-ile-ala-arg-glu-leu-ala-asn-ala-gly-tyr-glu-val-asp-ser-arg-asp-ala-ala-ser-val-glu-ala-gly-gly-leu-phe-glu-gly-phe-asp-leu-val-leu-leu-gly-cys-ser-thr-trp-gly-asp-asp-ser-ile-glu-leu-gln-asp-asp-phe-ile-pro-leu-phe-asp-ser-leu-glu-glu-thr-gly-ala-gln-gly-arg-lys-val-ala-cys-phe-gly-cys-gly-as ...	1977	402366
neonatal scalp abscess and fetal monitoring: factors associated with infection.	forty-two of 929 (4.5 per cent) newborn infants prospectively studied following continuous, direct fetal heart rate monitoring during labor developed a scalp abscess at the site of electrode application during the neonatal period. factors associated with infection with the use of a multivariate analysis were duration of monitoring (p less than 0.01) and high-risk indications for monitoring (p less than 0.01). of the 42 infected neonates, 33 had complete bacteriologic studies. microorganisms were ...	1977	561542
fermentation of mucins and plant polysaccharides by anaerobic bacteria from the human colon.	a total of 154 strains from 22 species of bifidobacterium, peptostreptococcus, lactobacillus, ruminococcus, coprococcus, eubacterium, and fusobacterium, which are present in high concentrations in the human colon, were surveyed for their ability to ferment 21 different complex carbohydrates. plant polysaccharides, including amylose, amylopectin, pectin, polygalacturonate, xylan, laminarin, guar gum, locust bean gum, gum ghatti, gum arabic, and gum tragacanth, were fermented by some strains from ...	1977	563214
aanerobic isolates in hemovac lines.	seventeen of 68 patients (25 percent) who required the use of hemovac drainage system after major head and neck procedures had positive anaerobic islates. co-isolation of aerobic (94 percent) and other anaerobic (29 percent) microorganisms are common. there was an increased rate of psoitive anaerobic islates with procedures requiring exposure of mucosa. radiotherapy, except in doses greater than 6,800 rads, did not affect the culture rate. eight of 17 patients (47 percent) with positive anaerobi ...	1977	831050
numbers and types of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens since 1960.	between 1960 and 1974, 826 specimens, excluding stool, urine, sputum, and blood, yielded 689 (83%) positive cultures, of which 403 (58.5%) contained anaerobic bacteria. this represents 48.8% of the total specimens cultured. isolates from 153 specimens obtained and stocked from 1965 to 1974 were reidentified by current criteria. gram-negative bacilli, primarily bacteroides, were the most frequently isolated anaerobes, being found in 70% of 153 anaerobe-positive specimens and accounting for 42% of ...	1977	833266
antimicrobial effect of amniotic fluid against anaerobic bacteria.	amniotic fluid samples were obtained at term and tested for their antimicrobial effect on anaerobes, peptostreptococcus (ps.) anaerobius, peptococcus (pc.) prevotii, bacteroides (b.) fragilis, and b. coagulans with facultative escherichia (e.) coli serving as control. amniotic fluid had only temporary bacteriostatic effect on pc. prevotii and b. fragilis for 8 to 16 hours. this effect lasted for only 8 hours on ps. anaerobius. on the contrary, the bacteriostatic effect of amniotic fluid was well ...	1977	835621
[clinical experience with parenteral clindamycin (author's transl)].		1977	839646
[susceptibility to thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol of anaerobic bacteria (author's transl)].	the in vitro susceptibility to thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol of 272 anaerobes, most of which were recent clinical isolated, was determined by broth dilution tests, with chloramphenicol, 133 anaerobic gram-negative non-sporing rods (48 bacteroides fragilis, 13 b. thetaiotaomicron, 14 b. oralis, 16 sphaerophorus varius etc.) had mic values of 0.03 through 16 microng/ml. very similar results (mic, 0.06-16 microng/ml) were obtained with thiamphenicol. in concentrations of 4 microng/ml or less ch ...	1977	848218
anaerobic bacteria in otitis media.	anaerobic bacteria, peptostrepotococcus intermedius and propionibacterium acnes, were found in mixed culture specimens from four to ten tested cases of chronic secretory otitis media. these anaerobic bacteria were in a mixed infection flora with aerobic bacteria most often staphylococcus epidermidis and cornybacterium sp. which do not fit any established species. the findings of anaerobic bacteria in otitis media is consistent with the sporadic report of the involvement of anaerobic bacteria in ...	1977	848830
phylogenetic studies of two rubredoxins from sulfate reducing bacteria.	the sequences of two rubredoxins isolated from the sulfate reducing bacteria: desulfovibrio vulgaris and desulfovibrio gigas have been elucidated. they have similar sequences but many more differences occur than would be expected from two bacteria of the same genus. of the 52 sites, only 37 are occupied by identical residues. the primary structures are compared with those of the anaerobic bacteria rubredoxins of clostridium pasteurianum, micrococcus aerogenes, pseudomonas oleovorans and peptostr ...	1977	864718
hepatic necrobacillosis. report of a case resembling metastatic tumor.	a 47-year-old man had multiple pyogenic liver abscesses from which the anaerobic bacteria fusobacterium nucleatum and peptostreptococcus were isolated. the clinical course, diagnostic evaluation, and appearance of the lesions at surgery suggested metastatic tumor. histologically, the lesions consisted of necrotic liver tissue surrounded by zones of acute and chronic inflammation and fibrous connective tissue closely resembling the lesions of hepatic necrobacillosis attributable to f necrophorum. ...	1977	869652
endocarditis treated with clindamycin: relapse and liver dysfunction.	clindamycin was used to treat six patients with endocarditis because of allergy to penicillin in five, and an unfavorable clinical response to methicillin in one. only one patient had an uneventful cure with clindamycin. two had hepatotoxicity which resolved rapidly after clindamycin was stopped. two patients, one of whom had an aortic prosthesis, had completed four to six weeks of clindamycin therapy when clinical relapse occurred and blood cultures were again positive for a clindamycin-sensiti ...	1977	877644
urease assay and urease-producing species of anaerobes in the bovine rumen and human feces.	a growth medium and test were developed for rapid detection of urease in fermentative anaerobic bacteria. using nonselective rumen fluid roll-tube agar medium and the new test, it was confirmed that peptostreptococcus productus is often the most numerous urease-forming species in human feces. also, some fecal strains of ruminococcus albus, clostridium innocuum, and clostridium beijerinckii produced urease. single strains of fusobacterium prausnitzii, coprococcus catus, and streptococcus mitis th ...	1977	879770
cellular fatty acids of peptococcus variabilis and peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	cellular fatty acids of peptococcus variables and peptostreptococcus anaerobius were identified by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and associated analytical techniques. iso- and anteiso-branched-chain acids were major components in both species.	1977	886004
novobiocin and the differentiation of peptococci and peptostreptococci.	paper discs containing 5 microng of novobiocin were used as a presumptive test to differentiate peptococci and peptostreptococci. zone diameters were measured and minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of the antibiotic for each group were performed to ascertain the activity of the antibiotic against these genera. all strains of peptococci showed no zone of inhibition in the disc test together with an mic of 25 microng/ml or greater. all strains of peptostreptococci showed zones of inhibition o ...	1977	886014
bactericidal effect of anaerobic broth exposed to atmospheric oxygen tested on peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	peptostreptococcus anaerobius strain vpi 4330-1 was used as the test organism in an evaluation of the bactericidal effect of anaerobic broth exposed to air. the test organism, grown under anaerobic conditions in trypticase soy broth, was diluted in buffered salt solution, and about 2 x 10(4) cells were suspended in 10 ml of an aerated broth. ninety percent of the cells were killed within 15 min in actinomyces broth and within 50 min in trypticase soy broth. all cells survived for 2 h in fluid th ...	1977	893657
swine dysentery: inoculation of gnotobiotic pigs with treponema hyodysenteriae and vibrio coli and a peptostreptococcus.	pure cultures of treponema hyodysenteriae given orally to conventional pigs resulted in the development of swine dysentery, whereas identical cultures given to gnotobiotic pigs did not produce the disease. oral inoculation of gnotobiotic pigs with vibrio coli and/or a peptostreptococcus in addition to t. hyodysenteriae did not result in dysentery. neutralization of gastric secretions with nahco3 immediately prior to inoculation with t. hyodysenteriae increased the period during which treponemes ...	1977	907906
susceptibilities of bacteria against chemotherapeutics under different conditions.		1977	926525
susceptibility to erythromycin of anaerobes of the genera bacteroides, fusobacterium, sphaerophorus, veillonella, clostridium, corynebacterium, peptococcus, peptostreptococcus.	the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) of erythromycin were determined by broth dilution tests for 313 anaerobic strains, most of which were clinical isolates. all the gram-positive anaerobes tested (84 peptococcaceae, including 21 peptostreptococcus anaerobius and 15 peptococcus variabilis; 65 corynebacterium acnes and 29 clostridium strains, including 13 c. perfringens) were sensitive (mic values 0.012 through 3.12 microgram erythromycin/ml); so were 111 cultures of gram-negative anaerobe ...	1977	580038
in vitro sensitivity of anaerobic bacteria to fosfomycin.	the minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined in 98 strains of anaerobic bacteria that came from clinical samples against fosfomycin, penicillin, cephalothin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and lincomycin. the results obtained indicate that fosfomycin is usually inactive against bacteroides sp. and is active up to 32 mug/ml or less against 85% of peptococcus and 95% of peptostreptococcus, being consequently comparatively less active than the rest of the antibiotics that were ...	1977	583867
the predominant cultivable organisms in juvenile periodontitis.	quantitative and qualitative examinations of the predominant cultivable microflora of the advanced tissue destruction (pocket) associated with juvenile periodontitis and of control pockets without loss of attachment were carried out by using anaerobic tube culture technique. the microflora from the control sites consisted primarily of streptococci, gram-negative rods, and gram-positive rods. in contrast, the test pockets had a relatively stable and characteristic microflora, dominated by various ...	1976	1061986
bacteriological findings in sinusitis (1963-1975).	two different studies were performed in order to determine the role of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in sinusitis. aerobes: a retrospective study of 331 cases of all types of sinusitis (from 1963 till 1975) showed an increasing occurrence of haemophilus influenzae during the last three years. only in the acute sinusitis is streptococcus pneumoniae more frequently found than haemophilus influenzae, which exhibits the highest occurrence in chronic and undeterminable cases. we found cultures with ...	1976	1070150
human fecal flora: variation in bacterial composition within individuals and a possible effect of emotional stress.	data are presented on the distribution of 101 bacterial species and subspecies among 1,442 isolates from 25 fecal specimens from three men on: (i) their normal diet and normal living conditions, (ii) normal living conditions but eating the controlled metabolic diet designed for use in the skylab simulation and missions, and (iii) the skylab diet in simulated skylab (isolation) conditions. these bacteria represent the most numerous kinds in the fecal flora. analyses of the kinds of bacteria from ...	1976	938032
anaerobic bacteria from the large intestine of mice.	anaerobic bacteria from the colon of laboratory mice were enumerated and isolated using strict anaerobic techniques. direct microscopic counts revealed 4.4 x 10(10) organisms in each gram (wet weight) of colon contents. actual cultural counts averaged 3.2 x 10(10) organisms, which was 73% of the direct microscopic count. the tentatively identified genera were bacteroides, eubacterium, fusobacterium, lactobacillus, peptostreptococcus, and propionibacterium. strains of fusobacterium, lactobacillus ...	1976	938042
in vitro susceptibilities of anaerobic bacteria to josamycin.	a total of 132 strains of anaerobic bacteria were tested for susceptibility to josamycin, using a broth dilution technique. all strains of peptococcus species, peptostreptococcus species, and bacteroides fragilis were inhibited by 2 mug or less per ml. seventy percent of these susceptible strains were also killed by 2 mug or less of josamycin per ml. however, 2 of 12 clostridium species and 6 of 10 fusobacterium species had minimum inhibitory concentrations of 32 mug or more per ml.	1976	949184
pulmonary botryomycoma.	a patient with a mobile mass of anaerobic organisms in the pulmonary parenchyma is presented. radiographically it resembled a fungous ball. this observed botryomycoma may be part of the spectrum of aspiration pneumonia.	1976	954467
anaerobic infections in hospital practice.	the role of anaerobes in the pathogenesis of infections was investigated. anaerobes were isolated from 0,25% of blood cultures and from 15,8% of other specimens tested; in 15,1% of cases where anaerobes were isolated, no aerobes were found. the strains most commonly encountered were bacteroides fragilis, b. melaninogenicus, peptostreptococcus anaerobius and clostridium perfringens. sensitivity tests in vitro showed all organisms to be sensitive to clindamycin, metronidazole and chloramphenicol, ...	1976	973160
kinetics and catalytic properties of coenzyme a transferase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	coenzyme a (coa) transferase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii was purified to homogeneity, and some of its physical and catalytic properties were determined. the native enzyme has a molecular weight of 181,000 and is composed of two alpha subunits (molecular weight, 65,000) and one beta subunit (molecular weight 50,000). heat treatment of the crude cell extract to 58 degrees c causes proteolysis of the native enzyme and yields a catalytically active enzyme with an approximate molecular weight of ...	1976	977540
[brain abscess secondary to pulmonary arteriovenous malformation, case report (author's transl)].	a case of brain abscess in the right parietal lobe secondary to pulmonary arteriovenous malformation of the right lung is presented. a 27-year-old man was admitted for headache and left homonymous hemianopsia. cag, vag and brain scan detected brain abscess of the right parietal lobe which was successfully removed surgically. he had been noted to have generalized cyanosis and club finger which corresponded to polycytemia and hypercapnia on examination. subsequently pulmonary arteriovenous malform ...	1976	988496
4-alkyldihydroflavin: coenzyme synthesis and modification of flavodoxin.	a stable (i.e. non-oxidisable), reduced flavocoenzyme, 4a-(n-propyl)-4a,5-dihydro-riboflavin 5'-monophosphate, has been synthesized. the method of choice was selective photo-allylation in position 4a. stabilization of this substituent was achieved by hydrogenation after n(5) protection, while hydrogenation of the unprotected compound would have led to removal of the allyl substituent. the mode of this substituent mobility has been checked with deuterated photosubstrate. upon hydrogenation, the a ...	1976	991861
deconjugation of bile acids by human intestinal bacteria.	the purpose of this report is to present the deconjugation of bile acids by numbers of strains of bacteria in the small intestine and feces. the small intestinal juice was aseptically aspirated by a double lumen tube with a rubber cover on the tip devised by us ("fukushima type 1"). bile acids were analyzed with thin layer chromatography. the results: 1) among aerobic bacteria, species of which all of the strains split conjugated bile acids was enterococcus, and most of the strains split were st ...	1976	992250
[empyema caused by anaerobic flora: clinical and microbiological study of 4 cases].		1976	996980
long-chain fatty acids of peptococci and peptostreptococci.	the long-chain fatty acids extracted from the whole cells of 12 clinically significant species of peptococci and peptostreptococci were characterized by gas-liquid chromatography. the resulting methylated fatty acid profiles (and some unidentified compounds) of 82 strains allowed the 12 species to be separated into four groups. fifteen strains of peptostreptococcus anaerobius were placed in group i because they had a unique, prominent compound that occurred in the area where a c8 to c10 fatty ac ...	1976	1002830
the elimination of urease activity in streptococcus faecium as evidence for plasmid-coded urease.	a strain of streptococcus faecium from the sheep rumen showed spontaneous loss of urease activity when subcultured at the normal rumen temperature of 38 degrees c, although in mixed cultures in vivo or in vitro loss of urease was not apparent. the rate of loss of urease in pure cultures was increased at incubation temperatures above 38 degrees c, but loss was never complete. however, at temperatures below 38 degrees c loss was greater, and at 22 or 18 degrees c the urease was completely eliminat ...	1976	1107485
evaluation of amniotic fluid for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.	studies of 117 pregnant women, 83 at term, were instituted to determine the bacteriologic state of amniotic fluid, utilizing both standard aerobic and anaerobic technics. a high association of postpartum infection was found in women who had long periods of premature reptured membranes and many vaginal examinations. significant organisms including anaerobes, were isolated in many of these instances. based on the findings of these studies, it is recommended that amniocentesis for aerobic and anaer ...	1976	1108641
fecal steroids and bacterial flora in patients with polyposis coli.	fecal neutral and acid steroids and bacterial flora have been studied in a series of patients with polyposis coli and normal controls. the patients with polyposis coli showed a higher concentration of cholesterol and primary bile acids, which increased still more after ileorectostomy. the bacterial flora of the patients with polyposis coli showed an anaerobe/aerobe ratio of 2.7/1 with a relative increase in clostridia and bifidobacteria and decrease in eubacteria and bacteroides. after ileorecto ...	1976	1247152
anaerobic infections in children: a prospective study.	the prevalence and significance of anaerobic infections in patients at st. louis children's hospital were studied prospectively for a one-year period. blood, selected body fluids, and aspirates obtained from abscesses or areas of cellulitis were cultured using special anaerobic collection and processing techniques. infected peritoneal fluid from patients with gastrointestinal disease yielded a large proportion of all anaerobic isolates. the types of organisms isolated were common inhabitants of ...	1976	1256941
anaerobic infections in surgery: clinical review.	anaerobic bacteria are being recognized with increasing frequency as important micro-organisms in surgical infections. clostridium, bacteriodes, fusobacterium, and peptostreptococcus are the clinically prominent pathological anaerobes. all are commensals and, consequently, most anaerobic infections are endogenous in origin. in the colon, anaerobes are 1,000 times more prevalent than aerobes. this has important implications regarding the management of gastrointestinal tract operations and the tre ...	1976	1257897
[gas forming infections. a case of non-clostridial anaerobic cellulitis].		1976	1258028
the biosynthesis of ethyl lithocholate by fecal microorganisms.		1976	1263499
anaerobic streptococcal corneal ulcer.	an anaerobic streptococcus caused a central corneal ulcer in a 10-year-old girl. there were no identifying clinical findings. the lesion healed promptly and satisfactorily with antibiotic therapy.	1976	1266933
rosamicin: in vitro activity against anaerobes and comparison with erythromycin.	the in vitro activity of rosamicin was determined against 231 strains of anaerobic bacteria and compared with the activity of erythromycin against the same strains. rosamicin and erythromycin had similar activity against strains of peptostreptococcus and gram-positive nonsporeforming bacilli. rosamicin was somewhat more active against strains of peptococcus, clostridium, and gram-negative anaerobes. all strains of bacteroides fragilis tested were inhibited by 4 mug of rosamicin or less per ml, w ...	1976	1267432
[antibacterial and bactericidal activity of tinidazole against anaerobic bacteria comparing with metronidazole (author's transl)].	antibacterial activity of tinidazole (1-2-(ethylsulfonyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole) against anaerobic bacteria including peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, eubacterium, propionibacterium, bacteroides and fusobacterium was studied by agar dilution method comparing with metronidazole. in addition to this work, bactericidal effect of tinidazole and metronidazole against p. prevotii, b. fragilis ss. fragilis and f. varium was examined by quantitative culture method after incubation in gam broth conta ...	1976	1271586
reconstruction of superior vena cava-right atrial continuity and "anatomic" repair of transposition of great arteries with ventricular septal defect.	a superior vena cava-to-right pulmonary artery anastomosis (glenn procedure), used to palliate certain types of cyanotic congenital heart defects, has usually been left intact at the time of definitive intracardiac repair. late failure of this shunt has prompted attempts to reestablish superior vena cava-to-right atrium and right ventricle-to-right pulmonary artery continuity. the present patient, a 10-year-old boy with transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, and mild pul ...	1976	768645
medium-dependent inhibition of peptostreptococcus anaerobius by sodium polyanetholsulfonate in blood culture media.	of 13 species of anaerobic cocci, peptostreptococcus anaerobius was the only species tested that was sensitive to 0.1% sodium polyanetholsulfonate (sps). however, the sensitivity of p. anaerobius to sps varied according to the media in which the cultures were grown. in supplemented peptone (b-d) and brain heart infusion media, most strain of p. anaerobius were not inhibited by sps. gelatin and proteose peptone were the medium components which were protective. the minimal inhibitory concentration ...	1976	770497
a bacteriological study of the intestinal mucosa and luminal fluid of adults with acute diarrhoea.	bacteriological studies of jejunal mucosal biopsy specimens and contents were performed on 22 hospitalized adult patients with acute diarrhoea and 24 control normal subjects. none of the washed homogenates of the mucosal specimens were sterile and only one fluid specimen obtained from a control subject was sterile. a definite enteric pathogen was found in only five of the 22 diarrhoea patients. there was no qualitative difference in the bacterial profile of the jejunal mucosa and contents of the ...	1976	779681
evaluation of the sodium polyanethol sulfonate disk test for the identification of peptostreptococcus anaerobius.	the previously reported sodium polyanethol sulfonate disk test for the identification of peptostreptococcus anaerobius (graves et al., 1974) was evaluated, with modifications. three bands of brucella agar, three inoculum sizes, and two inoculum sources were compared. nine stock cultures of p. anaerobius (eight normal flora isolates and atcc 27337) and 16 fresh clinical isolates were used. all cultures of p. anaerobius showed inhibition zones of 12 to 30 mm in diameter, regardless of test conditi ...	1976	185236
survival of anaerobic bacteria during transportation. 1. experimental investigations on the effect of evacuation of atmospheric air by flushing with carbon dioxide and nitrogen.	the effect of evacuation of atmospheric air during transportation on recovery of anaerobic bacteria was investigated. evacuation of atmospheric air from glass tubes by flushing with pure carbon dioxide lowered the content of oxygen to about 0.4 per cent. three b. fragilis strains and one strain of fusobacterium mortiferum and of peptostreptococcus anaerobius were investigated. bacterial recovery was determined one hour and 24 hours after evacuation of atmospheric air by pure carbon dioxide and p ...	1976	3089
identification and properties of 8-hydroxyflavin--adenine dinucleotide in electron-transferring flavoprotein from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	1. a new flavin prosthetic group has been isolated in pure form from the electron-transferring flavoprotein of peptostreptococcus elsdenni. its structure has been established as the fad derivative of 7-methyl-8-hydroxyisoalloxazine: (see article). proof of this structure has been obtained by chemical syntehsis of 7-methyl-8-hydroxyisoalloxazine models, and by stepwise degradation of the native compound to 7-methy-8-hydroxyalloxazine. the orange chromophore is characterized by a strong absorption ...	1976	4321
non-heme iron proteins. the amino acid sequence of rubredoxin from desulfovibrio vulgaris.	a non-heme iron protein, rubredoxin has been isolated from the sulfate-reducing bacterium, desulfovibrio vulgaris, strain hildenborough. the complete amino acid sequence has been established. the 52 amino acid residues of the protein were aligned with the aid of tryptic and chymotryptic peptides and of a fragment produced by cleavage of the asn-gly bond (22-23) by hydroxylamine. the sequence of the first 30 residues of the molecule was determined using an automatic sequenator, after removal of t ...	1976	7308
bacterial interference by oropharynegeal and clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria.	anaerobic isolates were tested for bacterial inhibitory activity. of 144 isolates, 102 were from oropharynegeal washings, and 42 were from clinical specimens. thirteen facultative bacterial species (seven members of the enterobacteriaceae and six species of gram-positive cocci) were used as indicators of inhibition. eleven anaerobic species were isolated from oral secretions. all isolates of bacteroides melaninogenicus, the most commonly recovered species, consistently inhibited several species ...	1976	10336
studies on the binding of fmn by apoflavodoxin from peptostreptococcus elsdenii, ph and nacl concentration dependence.	1. the ph and ionic strength dependence of the interaction of fmn with apoflavodoxin has been studied by fluorometry in the ph region 2-5, at 22 degrees c. 2. the rate constant of dissociation and the dissociation constant were experimentally determined; the rate constants of association were claculated at a given ph value. these constants depend on the ionic strength. the plots of these constants against the square root of the ionic strength are straight. 3. our data have been interpreted in te ...	1976	10978
d-lactate dehydrogenase of peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	d-lactate dehydrogenase has been purified to near homogeneity from peptostreptococcus elsdenii. as isolated, the enzyme contains flavine adenine dinucleotide and a tightly bound metal cofactor. inactivation by ortho-phenanthroline occurs in two steps and is partially blocked by d-lactate. reactivation by divalent metal ions occurs, with divalent zinc being the most effective. when ferricyanide is used as the electron acceptor, d-lactate has an apparent k0.5 of 3.3 m0.46; its binding is negativel ...	1975	368
purification, new assay, and properties of coenzyme a transferase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii.	coenzyme a (coa) transferase from peptostreptococcus elsdenii has been purified and crystallized, and some of its properties have been established. the work was facilitated by a newly developed coupled and continuous spectrophotometric assay in which the disappearance of added acrylate could be followed at 245 nm. the rate-limiting conversion of acetyl- and beta-hydroxypropionyl coa to acrylyl coa by coa transferase was followed by the non-rate-limiting conversion to beta-hydroxypropionyl coa by ...	1975	369
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to metronidazole: relative resistance of non-spore-forming gram-positive baccilli.	susceptibility of 358 clinical isolates of obligate anaerobes to metronidazole was determined by an agar-dilution technique. only 66% of all isolates were inhibited by 6.25 mug/ml, whereas 30% required larger than or equal to 50 mug/ml. considerable variation in susceptibility was observed among different genera and species of bacteria. fusobacterium was most senstitive, followed by clostridium, bacteroides and peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, veillonella and acidaminococcus, and non-spore-formi ...	1975	163867
prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section.	using a random selection procedure, 100 patients were evaluated in order to determine the value of prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section. all patients were evaluated for febrile morbidity, and specific infection sites were recorded. significant differences were found between the treated and control groups and between cesarean sections performed prior to the onset of labor and after the onset of labor.	1975	164642
antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria by the standardized disc diffusion method with special reference to bacteroides fragilis.	the susceptibility of 90 strains of bacteroides fragilis to 16 antibacterial drugs was determined by the agar plate dilution test and the disc diffusion test. good correlation of results was obtained with the two methods, and regression line analysis could be performed for beta-lactam antibiotics, erythromycin, tetracyclines, lincomycin and clindamycin. thus the standardized disc diffusion method can be used for susceptibility testing, but only a clear distinction between sensitive and resistant ...	1975	167431
anaerobic infections of the female genital tract.	anaerobic bacterial organisms are a frequent cause of female genital tract infections. there has been a lack of appreciation of the significant role anaerobes play in obstetric and gynecologic infections. utilization of newer appropriate anaerobic culture techniques has shown the importance of these organisms as pathogens in serious infections of the genital tract. many species of anaerobic bacteria appear to be part of the normal microflora of the lower genital tract in female subjects. similar ...	1975	167582
growth curves of anaerobic bacteria in solid media.	simple pour plate and spectrophotometric techniques for the evaluation of growth curves of several anaerobic bacteria on solid media are described. three basic patterns of anaerobic growth were observed. the curves obtained were very reproducible when studied on separate occasions. the curves obtained by spectrophotometric measurement were comparable to those obtained by the pour plate method, especially when a large bacterial inoculum was used. limitations in the interpretation of the results a ...	1975	167660
electron-transferring flavoprotein of peptostreptococcus elsdenii that functions in the reduction of acrylyl-coenzyme a.	in peptostreptococcus elsdenii, a three-component flavoprotein electron transfer system catalyzes the oxidation of lactate and the reduction of crotonyl-coenzyme a (coa). spectral evidence showed that d-lactate dehydrogenase, when reduced by d-lactate, was able to reduce butyryl-coa dehydrogenase, but only in the presence of the electron-transferring flavoprotein. reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide could replace reduced d-lactate dehydrogenase. a reconstituted system, containing the three ...	1975	172488
role of anaerobic bacteria in subdural empyema. report of four cases and review of 327 cases from the english literature.	anaerobic bacteria were isolated from the subdural space in all four cases of subdural empyema encountered over a 2 and a half year period. only one aerobe was isolated in these cases. the bacteriology of subdural empyema was further analyzed from a review of 327 cases reported in the english literature. anaerobes accounted for 12 per cent of 234 cases; in addition, 27 per cent of cases were reportedly "sterile." these data support our finding that anaerobic bacteria may play a far more importan ...	1975	234678
[new species of lactic acid bacteria, described in the ussr, in the light of modern identification schemes].		1975	235331
d-lactate dehydrogenase of peptostreptococcus elsdenii.		1975	236453
evaluation of bacteriological transport systems.	seven commercially manufactured bacteriological transport systems, including culturette, trans-cul (with stuart and amies), handiswab, securline (with amies and amies without charcoal) and culture caddy, were evaluated to determine whether these systems were capable of maintaining the viability and constant numbers of mixtures of hardy, fastidious and anaerobic organisms over 72 hours at 25c and 4c. the results of the study indicated that if specimens are maintained in transport systems at 25c t ...	1975	239597
survival of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria on cotton swabs in three transport systems.	the capacity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria to survive on cotton swabs placed into a dry gassed-out co2-filled tube (dgt), dry sterile aerobic tube (dat), and a tube containing a modified stuarts' transport medium (mst), was assessed. pseudomonas aeruginosa increased in numbers by 2 and 3 logs when stored in mst and dat, respectively. the viability of p. aeruginosa, although retarded when compared to msa and dat, was not adversely affected by the co2 environment in the dgt. the mst maintaine ...	1975	240870
polymicrobial etiology of acute pelvic inflammatory disease.	we studied 204 women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease to delineate further the causes of that illness. gonococci were recovered from 91. gonococcal pili antibody rose or fell significantly in 12 of 18 patients with positive cultures and only two of 19 who had negative cultures and smears for neisseria gonorrhaoea(p smaller than 0.005). n. gonorrhoeae was found in peritoneal exudate from eight of 21 patients with, and none of 33 without, cervical gonococcal infection. among patients with se ...	1975	806017
prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of organisms isolated from acute soft-tissue abscesses secondary to dental caries.		1975	806046
the bacteriology of acute pelvic inflammatory disease.	the bacteriology of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) was studied in 20 patients by simultaneous cul-de-sac, cervical, and blood cultures with aerobic and fastidious anaerobic techniques. cul-de-sac cultures were positive in 18 of 20 patients, while all 8 normal control subjects yielded negative results (p less than 0.0005, chi-square analysis). anaerobic bacteria (predominatly peptococcus and peptostreptococcus) were present in 10 patients (59 per cent), and they were the exclusive isolat ...	1975	807109
bacterial arthritis in the adult.	a brief review of bacterial arthritis as seen at the mayo clinic in the years 1958 through 1973 has been presented with a selected literature review. once considered a disease of children and adolescents, this disease now is seen more often in adults, especially in those who are elderly, are chronically ill, or are receiving medications that lower the host resistance in invading bacteria. the diagnosis must be made early, with rapid isolation and identification of the organism. proper antibacter ...	1975	809738
brain stem abscess treated surgically. wtih special note upon the employment of thorium dioxide.	a 10-year-old girl, with congenital heart disease, harboring a brain stem abscess, was recently treated at the ucla hospital. needle aspirations of the abscess was performed through a posterior occipital craniectomy, and thorium dioxide (thorotrast) was placed within the abscess cavity as a marker. postoperatively, the patient improved temporarily but died 18 days later. autopsy examination included radioactive analysis of brain and liver tissue. radioautographs were superimposed on h&e preparat ...	1975	1124486
[a case of empyema due to an anaerobic bacteria, peptostreptococcus].		1975	1127834
disk susceptibility testing of slow-growing anaerobic bacteria.	the susceptibility of 55 strains of slow-growing anaerobes to eight clinically useful or potentially useful antibiotics was determined by agar dilution and disk diffusion tests. strains of the genera peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, megasphaera, veillonella, eubacterium, bifidobacterium, clostridium, and fusobacterium were included. all strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol, but varied in their susceptibility to penicillin, lincomycin, clindamycin, tetracyclines, and vancomycin. correlatio ...	1975	1137353
comparative susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline.	the comparative susceptibility of 622 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria to minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline was determined by an agar-dilution technique. in addition to bacteroides fragilis, a variety of other anaerobic bacteria was resistant to achievable blood concentrations of tetracycline (55% inhibited by 6.25 mug/ml) and doxycycline (58% inhibited by 2.5 mug/ml). in contrast, minocycline was significantly more active (p < 0.05) than both doxycycline and tetracycline, ...	1975	1137358
microdilution technique for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria.	a microdilution technique using commercially available media and materials was developed and used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of clindamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, minocycline, ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, and gentamicin for 101 anaerobic isolates. representative strains of bacteroides, clostridium, fusobacterium, peptococcus, and peptostreptococcus were tested. the use of schaedler broth at ph 7.2, an inoculum of 10(5) to 10(7) colony-forming un ...	1975	1137383
acute pelvic inflammatory disease and clinical response to parenteral doxycycline.	the bacteriology of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) and clinical response to parenteral doxycycline were evaluated in 30 patients. only 3 of 21 cul-de-sac cultures from pid patients were sterile, whereas all 8 normal control subjects yielded negative results (p< 0.005). poor correlation was observed between cervical and cul-de-sac cultures. neisseria gonorrhoeae, isolated from the cervix in 17 patients (57%), was recovered from the cul-de-sac only once. streptococcus, peptococcus, peptos ...	1975	1169908
bacteriology of normal and infected conjunctiva.	the conjunctivas of 273 inflamed eyes were cultured by both aerobic and anaerobic techniques. isolations were obtained from 267 (97.8%) of the eyes. aerobic organisms were isolated from 237 (86.8%) of the conjunctivas. staphylococcus aureus from 63 (23.1%) of the diseased eyes was the aerobic pathogen most often isolated. anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 172 (63.0%) of the conjunctivas. propionibacterium acnes was isolated from 126 (46.2%) of the conjunctivas, and peptostreptococcus species ...	1975	1176598
oxygen tolerance of fresh clinical anaerobic bacteria.	the oxygen tolerance and sensitivity of 57 freshly isolated anaerobic bacteria from clinical specimens was studied. all the organisms tolerated 8 h or more of exposure to oxygen in room air. growth of the isolates in increasing oxygen concentrations demonstrated that the 57 isolates varied in oxygen sensitivity from strict to aerotolerant anaerobes. comparison of the oxygen tolerance and sensitivity showed that the most tolerant organisms (best survival after prolonged exposure) included anaerob ...	1975	1176601
the reduction of n-hydroxy-4-acetylaminobiphenyl by the intestinal microflora of the rat.	the role of the intestinal flora in the conversion of n-hydroxy-4-acetyl-aminobiphenyl (n-oh-aabp) to 4-acetylaminobiphenyl has been examined. this reaction, which reverses the metabolic activation of the parent carcinogen, can be demonstrated in cultures of some bacteria indigenous to the intestinal microflora. these include cultures of clostridium sp., clostridium perfringens, peptostreptococcus productus i, and bacteroides fragilis ss. thetaiotaomicron and ss. vulgatus. in contrast, cultures ...	1975	1182690
"bad breath": presenting manifestation of anaerobic pulmonary infection.	three patients are described in whom a putrid breath odor was the only or fist manifestation of anaerobic infection of the lung. fever, productive cough, and pleuritic pain, common findings in anaerobic pulmonary infection, were not initally present. "bad breath" may be an early due to the presence of anaerobic pulmonary infection.	1975	1203000
properties of immobilized flavodoxin from peptostreptococcus elsdenii. an affinity ligand for the purification of riboflavin 5'-phosphate (fmn) and its analogues.	the small flavoprotein, flavodoxin, isolated from peptostreptococcus elsdenii, has been covalently coupled to cnbr-activated sepharose 4b. the immobilized protein replaces ferredoxin as an electron carrier in hydrogen production from dithionite or pyruvate in the presence of ferredoxin-free extracts of p. elsdenii; compared with soluble flavodoxin, its activities in these systems are 13% and 3.5% respectively. acid treatment reversibly dissociates fmn from the immobilized protein. the dissociati ...	1975	1204624