Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| diagnosis of pierce's disease using biomarkers specific to xylella fastidiosa rrna and vitis vinifera gene expression. | pierce's disease (pd), caused by xylella fastidiosa, represents one of the most damaging diseases of cultivated grape. management of pd in the vineyard often relies on the removal of infected individuals, which otherwise serve as a source of inoculum for nearby healthy vines. effective implementation of such control measures requires early diagnosis, which is complicated by the fact that infected vines often harbor high titers of the pathogen in advance of visual symptom development. here, we re ... | 2010 | 20839944 |
| characterization of phenolic content, in vitro biological activity, and pesticide loads of extracts from white grape skins from organic and conventional cultivars. | grape skin extracts of riesling vitis vinifera l. grapes from conventionally or organically managed cultivars were compared on the basis of their phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial and antimutagenic properties and pesticide loads. promising results on their biological properties suggest that those extracts would be valuable as food preservatives. the antioxidant capacity of conventional extracts was significantly higher, according to the higher content in catechin, epicatechin ... | 2010 | 20870004 |
| evaluation of protein extraction methods for vitis vinifera leaf and root proteome analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis. | an efficient protein extraction method is crucial to ensure successful separation by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-de) for recalcitrant plant species, in particular for grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). trichloroacetic acid-acetone (tca-acetone) and phenol extraction methods were evaluated for proteome analysis of leaves and roots from the tunisian cultivar 'razegui'. the phenol-based protocol proved to give a higher protein yield, a greater spot resolution, and a minimal streaking on 2-de gel ... | 2010 | 20883445 |
| structure-activity relationships of polyphenols to prevent lipid oxidation in pelagic fish muscle. | the influence of polymerization (number of monomers) and galloylation (content of esterified gallates) of oligomeric catechins (proanthocyanidins) on their effectiveness to prevent lipid oxidation in pelagic fish muscle was evaluated. non-galloylated oligomers of catechin with diverse mean polymerization (1.9-3.4 monomeric units) were extracted from pine ( pinus pinaster ) bark. homologous fractions with galloylation ranging from 0.25 to <1 gallate group per molecule were obtained from grape ( v ... | 2010 | 20925315 |
| rapd analysis of selected local turkish grape cultivars (vitis vinifera). | turkey is very rich in local grape varieties. the solution to the problem of identifying local cultivars, which is considered an important deficiency for the region, will only be possible when they can be defined with molecular markers. forty-nine local grapevine cultivars from şanlıurfa (turkey) were characterized with rapd markers. twenty-five decamer primers selected from 60 primers were used in this analysis. a total of 171 bands were obtained with the 25 primers, of which 112 were polymorph ... | 2010 | 20927716 |
| effects of grape pomace antioxidant extract on oxidative stress and inflammation in diet induced obese mice. | norton grape is one of the most important wine grapes in southern and midwestern states and generates massive pomace byproducts. the objective of this study is to characterize the antioxidant compounds and activity in norton grape pomace extract (gpe) and further assess the potential health promoting properties of norton gpe using an animal disease model. the total phenolic content and anthocyanins in norton gpe were 475.4 mg of gallic acid equiv/g and 156.9 mg of cyanidin 3-glucoside equiv/g, r ... | 2010 | 20929236 |
| variation in pathogenicity and aggressiveness of erysiphe necator from different vitis spp. and geographic origins in the eastern united states. | eastern north america is considered the center of diversity for many vitis spp. and for the grape powdery mildew pathogen, erysiphe necator. however, little is known about populations of e. necator from wild vitis spp. we determined the phenotypic variation in pathogenicity and aggressiveness of e. necator among isolates from wild and domesticated vitis spp. from diverse geographic regions in the eastern united states. to test pathogenicity, we inoculated 38 e. necator isolates on three wild vit ... | 2010 | 20932167 |
| pr-1 gene family of grapevine: a uniquely duplicated pr-1 gene from a vitis interspecific hybrid confers high level resistance to bacterial disease in transgenic tobacco. | a functional contribution of pathogenesis-related 1 (pr-1) proteins to host defense has been established. however, systematic investigation of the pr-1 gene family in grapevine (vitis spp.) has not been conducted previously. through mining genomic databases, we identified 21 pr-1 genes from the vitis vinifera genome. polypeptides encoded by putative pr-1 genes had a signal sequence of about 25 residues and a mature protein of 10.9-29 kda in size. pr-1 mature proteins contained a highly conserved ... | 2010 | 20967449 |
| preliminary results on the effects of grape (vitis vinifera) seed condensed tannins on in vitro intestinal digestibility of the lupin (lupinus angustifolius) seed protein fraction in small ruminants. | condensed tannins (ct) from grape seeds (vitis vinifera l.) were added to complex the protein fraction of lupinus angustifolius seeds. three ct/protein ratios were used: 96 mg/g (t(1) ), 180 mg/g (t(2) ) and 0 mg/g (t(0) ). the cp losses in the rumen were assessed by the nylon-bag technique and cp intestinal digestibility (cpid) was estimated using an in vitro assay applying a three-step procedure: samples were subject to rumen degradation (in situ, 16 h) and the remaining residues were subject ... | 2010 | 21039934 |
| amelioration of tamoxifen-induced liver injury in rats by grape seed extract, black seed extract and curcumin. | liver injury was induced in female rats using tamoxifen (tam). grape seeds (vitis vinifera) extract (gse), black seed (nigella sativa) extract (nse), curcumin (cur) or silymarin (syl) were orally administered to tam-intoxicated rats. liver histopathology of tam-intoxicated:rats showed pathological changes. tam-intoxication elicited declines in liver antioxidant enzymes levels (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase), reduced glutathione (gsh) and gsh/gss ... | 2010 | 21046982 |
| genomic tools development for aquilegia: construction of a bac-based physical map. | the genus aquilegia, consisting of approximately 70 taxa, is a member of the basal eudicot lineage, ranuculales, which is evolutionarily intermediate between monocots and core eudicots, and represents a relatively unstudied clade in the angiosperm phylogenetic tree that bridges the gap between these two major plant groups. aquilegia species are closely related and their distribution covers highly diverse habitats. these provide rich resources to better understand the genetic basis of adaptation ... | 2010 | 21059242 |
| a candidate gene association study on muscat flavor in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | the sweet, floral flavor typical of muscat varieties (muscats), due to high levels of monoterpenoids (geraniol, linalool and nerol), is highly distinct and has been greatly appreciated both in table grapes and in wine since ancient times. muscat flavor determination in grape (vitis vinifera l.) has up to now been studied by evaluating monoterpenoid levels through qtl analysis. these studies have revealed co-localization of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (vvdxs) with the major qtl positi ... | 2010 | 21062440 |
| proteomics approach to identify unique xylem sap proteins in pierce's disease-tolerant vitis species. | pierce's disease (pd) is a destructive bacterial disease of grapes caused by xylella fastidiosa which is xylem-confined. the tolerance level to this disease varies among vitis species. our research was aimed at identifying unique xylem sap proteins present in pd-tolerant vitis species. the results showed wide variation in the xylem sap protein composition, where a set of polypeptides with pi between 4.5 and 4.7 and m(r) of 31 kda were present in abundant amount in muscadine (vitis rotundifolia, ... | 2010 | 19412582 |
| phenolic content of grapevine leaves (vitis labrusca var. bordo) and its neuroprotective effect against peroxide damage. | in some countries, leaves of vitis vinifera grapes have been used for food and for treating many medical disorders. however, there are no studies on the leaves of vitis labrusca, the main species used for wine and juice production in south america. in this work, the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of organic and conventional grape leaves extracts prepared from v. labrusca (var. bordo) in brain tissues (in vitro model) have been evaluated. both organic and conventional grape leaves ex ... | 2010 | 19699291 |
| abscisic acid is involved in the response of grape (vitis vinifera l.) cv. malbec leaf tissues to ultraviolet-b radiation by enhancing ultraviolet-absorbing compounds, antioxidant enzymes and membrane sterols. | we investigated the interactions of abscisic acid (aba) in the responses of grape leaf tissues to contrasting ultraviolet (uv)-b treatments. one-year-old field-grown plants of vitis vinifera l. were exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (par) where solar uv-b was eliminated by using polyester filters, or where par was supplemented with uv-b irradiation. treatments combinations included weekly foliar sprays of aba or a water control. the levels of uv-b absorbing flavonols, quercetin and ... | 2010 | 19781012 |
| wound-healing activity of the skin of the common grape (vitis vinifera) variant, cabernet sauvignon. | the common grape l. (vitaceae) is regarded as an important medicinal plant. european healers have suggested the use of grapevine sap, juice, and whole grape in the treatment of pain, allergic reactions, inflammation, and to promote wound healing. we evaluated grape-skin powder for its wound-healing activity using an excision wound model in rats. animals were randomly divided into three groups of six (n = 6) each. the test group animals were treated topically with the grape-skin powder (100 mg/kg ... | 2010 | 20066659 |
| inhibitory effects of fermented grape marc from vitis vinifera negroamaro on antigen-induced degranulation. | to investigate the antiallergic effects of fermented grape marc from negroamaro (n-fgm), we examined antigen (ag)-induced degranulation of rat basophilic leukemia (rbl-2h3) cells. among supernatants of n-fgm suspensions in water, ethanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), supernatants of dmso-suspended n-fgm but not of nonfermented negroamaro grape marc (n-gm) markedly suppressed the ag-induced degranulation and phosphorylation of syk in rbl-2h3 cells. supernatants of dmso-suspended n-fgm did not r ... | 2010 | 20100066 |
| colour and pigment composition of red wines obtained from co-maceration of tempranillo and graciano varieties. | the vitis vinifera l. cv graciano is often used as an integral component of rioja wines because it is considered to contribute significantly to the quality of tempranillo based wines. the aim of this work was to determine the effect of the incorporation of the graciano variety on the colour and pigment composition of tempranillo based wine and to evaluate the possible differences between blending tempranillo with graciano varietal wine (w wine) in contrast to a wine obtained by mixing these two ... | 2010 | 20103154 |
| aromatic potential of botrytized white wine grapes: identification and quantification of new cysteine-s-conjugate flavor precursors. | sweet wines made from botrytized grapes contain much higher concentrations of volatile thiols, especially 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (3sh), than dry white wines. three new specific volatile thiols (3-sulfanylpentan-1-ol (3sp), 3-sulfanylheptan-1-ol (3shp), and 2-methyl-3-sulfanylbutan-1-ol (2m3sb) were recently identified in sauternes wines. like most volatile thiols, these compounds were almost totally absent from must, mainly being formed during alcoholic fermentation. in this work, we describe the ... | 2010 | 20103162 |
| cell wall-degrading enzymes enlarge the pore size of intervessel pit membranes in healthy and xylella fastidiosa-infected grapevines. | the pit membrane (pm) is a primary cell wall barrier that separates adjacent xylem water conduits, limiting the spread of xylem-localized pathogens and air embolisms from one conduit to the next. this paper provides a characterization of the size of the pores in the pms of grapevine (vitis vinifera). the pm porosity (pmp) of stems infected with the bacterium xylella fastidiosa was compared with the pmp of healthy stems. stems were infused with pressurized water and flow rates were determined; go ... | 2010 | 20107028 |
| yeast species associated with wine grapes in china. | having more information on the yeast ecology of grapes is important for wine-makers to produce wine with high quality and typical attributes. china is a significant wine-consuming country and is becoming a serious wine-producer, but little has been reported about the yeast ecology of local ecosystems. this study provides the first step towards the exploitation of the yeast wealth in china's vine-growing regions. the aim of this study was to investigate the yeast population density and diversity ... | 2010 | 20116124 |
| the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor myc1 is involved in the regulation of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in grapevine. | previous results indicated that in grapevine (vitis vinifera), regulation of the flavonoid pathway genes by myb transcription factors depends on their interaction with basic helix-loop-helix proteins (bhlhs). the present study describes the first functional characterization of a bhlh factor from grapevine named vvmyc1. this transcription factor is phylogenetically related to arabidopsis bhlh proteins, which participate in the control of flavonoid biosynthesis and epidermal cell fate. transient p ... | 2010 | 20118183 |
| suppression of type-i allergic responses by oral administration of grape marc fermented with lactobacillus plantarum. | we investigated the inhibitory effects of fermented grape marc (fgm), lyophilized fine powder of skin, and seeds of vitis vinifera koshu grape prepared by fermentation with lactobacillus plantarum, on type-i allergic responses in mice. repeated oral administration of fgm, but not non-fermented grape marc (gm), to balb/c mice primed with ovalbumin (ova) resulted in a significant reduction of serum ige levels, compared with those of immunized controls. after ova challenge, increased numbers of eos ... | 2010 | 20136581 |
| crystal structure and catalytic mechanism of leucoanthocyanidin reductase from vitis vinifera. | leucoanthocyanidin reductase (lar) catalyzes the nadph-dependent reduction of 2r,3s,4s-flavan-3,4-diols into 2r,3s-flavan-3-ols, a subfamily of flavonoids that is important for plant survival and for human nutrition. lar1 from vitis vinifera has been co-crystallized with or without nadph and one of its natural products, (+)-catechin. crystals diffract to a resolution between 1.75 and 2.72 a. the coenzyme and substrate binding pocket is preformed in the apoprotein and not markedly altered upon na ... | 2010 | 20138891 |
| a functional eds1 ortholog is differentially regulated in powdery mildew resistant and susceptible grapevines and complements an arabidopsis eds1 mutant. | vitis vinifera (grapevine) is the most economically important deciduous fruit crop, but cultivated grapevine varieties lack adequate innate immunity to a range of devastating diseases. to identify genetic resources for grapevine innate immunity and understand pathogen defense pathways in a woody perennial plant, we focus in this study on orthologs of the central arabidopsis thaliana defense regulator enhanced disease susceptibility1 (eds1). the family of eds1-like genes is expanded in grapevine, ... | 2010 | 20145949 |
| bioinformatic search of plant microtubule-and cell cycle related serine-threonine protein kinases. | a bioinformatic search was carried for plant homologues of human serine-threonine protein kinases involved in regulation of cell division and microtubule protein phosphorylation (slk, pak6, pak7, mark1, mast2, ttbk1, ttbk2, aurka, plk1, plk4 and pask). a number of slk, mast2 and aurka plant homologues were identified. the closest identified homologue of human aurka kinase was a protein of unknown function, a7py12/gsvivt00026259001 from vitis vinifera (herein named as "stalk", serine-threonine au ... | 2010 | 20158871 |
| general and species-specific transcriptional responses to downy mildew infection in a susceptible (vitis vinifera) and a resistant (v. riparia) grapevine species. | downy mildew is a destructive grapevine disease caused by plasmopara viticola (berk. and curt.) berl. and de toni, which can only be controlled by intensive fungicide treatments. natural sources of resistance from wild grapevine (vitis) species are used in conventional breeding approaches, but the signals and effectors involved in resistance in this important crop species are not well understood. | 2010 | 20167053 |
| cloning of the papaya chromoplast-specific lycopene beta-cyclase, cpcyc-b, controlling fruit flesh color reveals conserved microsynteny and a recombination hot spot. | carotenoid pigments in fruits are indicative of the ripening process and potential nutritional value. papaya (carica papaya) fruit flesh color is caused by the accumulation of lycopene or beta-carotenoids in chromoplasts. it is a distinct feature affecting nutritional composition, fruit quality, shelf life, and consumer preference. to uncover the molecular basis of papaya flesh color, we took map-based cloning and candidate gene approaches using integrated genetic and physical maps. a dna marker ... | 2010 | 20181753 |
| a transcriptomic study of grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. cabernet-sauvignon) interaction with the vascular ascomycete fungus eutypa lata. | eutypa dieback is a vascular disease that may severely affect vineyards throughout the world. in the present work, microarrays were made in order (i) to improve our knowledge of grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. cabernet-sauvignon) responses to eutypa lata, the causal agent of eutypa dieback; and (ii) to identify genes that may prevent symptom development. qiagen/operon grapevine microarrays comprising 14,500 probes were used to compare, under three experimental conditions (in vitro, in the greenhou ... | 2010 | 20190040 |
| changes in protein abundance during powdery mildew infection of leaf tissues of cabernet sauvignon grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | a comparative analysis of differentially expressed proteins in a susceptible grapevine (vitis vinifera 'cabernet sauvignon') during the infection of erysiphe necator, the causal pathogen of grapevine powdery mildew (pm), was conducted using itraq. the quantitative labeling analysis revealed 63 proteins that significantly changed in abundance at 24, 36, 48, and 72 h post inoculation with powdery mildew conidiospores. the functional classification of the pm-responsive proteins showed that they are ... | 2010 | 20232356 |
| prominent chemopreventive and chemoenhancing effects for resveratrol: unraveling molecular targets and the role of c-reactive protein. | resveratrol (rsvl) claims health benefits that pertain to the consumption of red wine/grapes. we currently evaluated the chemopreventive effects of rsvl, as well as its possible chemoenhancing effects when given with cisplatin (cp), in the ehrlich ascites carcinoma (eac) solid tumor model. further, we monitored concomitant changes in serum levels of c-reactive protein (crp), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), leukocytic count (lc) and lipid peroxidation (measured as malondialdehyde, mda). | 2010 | 20299793 |
| involvement of abscisic acid in the coordinated regulation of a stress-inducible hexose transporter (vvht5) and a cell wall invertase in grapevine in response to biotrophic fungal infection. | biotrophic fungal and oomycete pathogens alter carbohydrate metabolism in infected host tissues. symptoms such as elevated soluble carbohydrate concentrations and increased invertase activity suggest that a pathogen-induced carbohydrate sink is established. to identify pathogen-induced regulators of carbohydrate sink strength, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure transcript levels of invertase and hexose transporter genes in biotrophic pathogen-infected grapevine ... | 2010 | 20348211 |
| considerable increase in resveratrol production by recombinant industrial yeast strains with use of rich medium. | resveratrol synthesis from p-coumarate was analyzed in different saccharomyces cerevisiae strains expressing the 4-coumaroyl-coenzyme a ligase (4cl1) from arabidopsis thaliana and the stilbene synthase (sts) from vitis vinifera and compared between yeast cultures growing in rich or synthetic medium. the use of rich medium considerably improved resveratrol production, and resveratrol yields of up to 391 mg/liter could be achieved with an industrial brazilian sugar cane-fermenting yeast. | 2010 | 20348297 |
| development and validation of an algorithm to establish a total antioxidant capacity database of the us diet. | estimation of total antioxidant intake is the first step to investigate the protective effects of antioxidants on oxidative stress-mediated disease. the present study was designed to develop an algorithm to estimate total antioxidant capacity (tac) of the us diet. tac of individual antioxidants and 50 popular antioxidant-rich food items in the us diet were determined by 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (abts) assay and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) assay. theoreti ... | 2010 | 20377495 |
| sequence diversity, population genetics and potential recombination events in grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus in pacific north-west vineyards. | grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (grspav; genus foveavirus, family flexiviridae) is present in many grape-growing regions of the world. a total of 84 full-length coat protein (cp) sequences and 57 sequences representing the helicase-encoding region (hr) of the rna-dependent rna polymerase were obtained from wine grape cultivars grown in the pacific north-west (pnw) of the united states and their molecular diversity was compared with corresponding sequences previously reported fr ... | 2010 | 19759241 |
| linkage disequilibrium in wild french grapevine, vitis vinifera l. subsp. silvestris. | association mapping based on linkage disequilibrium (ld) can provide high resolution for whole-genome mapping of genes underlying phenotypic variation. this field has received considerable attention over the last decade. we present here the first characterization of ld in wild french grapevine, vitis vinifera l. subsp. silvestris. to assess the pattern and extent of ld, we used a sample of 85 plants from southern france and 36 microsatellite markers distributed over 5 linkage groups. ld was eval ... | 2010 | 19844269 |
| the grapevine transcription factor wrky2 influences the lignin pathway and xylem development in tobacco. | previous work has shown that transgenic tobacco plants constitutively over-expressing the vitis vinifera l. transcription factor vvwrky2 exhibit reduced susceptibility to necrotrophic fungal pathogens, suggesting that this transcription factor plays a role in grapevine response to phytopathogens. the work presented here characterizes the modifications in cell wall structure observed in the stems and petioles of these transgenic plants. histochemical stainings of stem and petiole cross-sections u ... | 2010 | 19902151 |
| characterization of a novel stilbene synthase promoter involved in pathogen- and stress-inducible expression from chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata. | stilbene synthase is a plant-specific polyketide synthase, and plays important roles in diverse metabolic processes. the genomic stilbene synthase gene was cloned from accession "baihe-35-1" of chinese wild vitis pseudoreticulata, and a stilbene synthase of v. pseudoreticulata (vpsts) transcripts expressed in the grape-powdery mildew interaction were determined by semi-quantitative rt-pcr. to monitor vpsts expression in plant, the promoter region flanking the 5' vpsts coding region was isolated ... | 2010 | 19937257 |
| evolution and history of grapevine (vitis vinifera) under domestication: new morphometric perspectives to understand seed domestication syndrome and reveal origins of ancient european cultivars. | in spite of the abundance of archaeological, bio-archaeological, historical and genetic data, the origins, historical biogeography, identity of ancient grapevine cultivars and mechanisms of domestication are still largely unknown. here, analysis of variation in seed morphology aims to provide accurate criteria for the discrimination between wild grapes and modern cultivars and to understand changes in functional traits in relation to the domestication process. this approach is also used to quant ... | 2010 | 20034966 |
| transcriptional profiling of ests responsive to rhizobium vitis from 'tamnara' grapevines (vitis sp.). | genes related with defense responses were screened from the cdna library constructed with rhizobium vitis-inoculated or salicylic acid (sa)-treated 'tamnara' grapevine (vitis sp.) leaves. among 13,728 expressed sequence tags (ests) from 'tamnara' grapevine upon r. vitis inoculation and sa treatment, 6776 unigenes containing 1915 contigs and 4860 singletons were obtained. in gene ontology analysis, there were about 3200 clones related with biological process, 3555 with molecular function, and 335 ... | 2010 | 20398958 |
| ultralow oxygen treatment for control of planococcus ficus (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) on grape benchgrafts. | controlled atmosphere treatments with ultralow oxygen (ulo treatments) were developed successfully for control of vine mealybug, planococcusflcus signoret (hemiptera: pseudococcidae), on dormant grape (vitis spp.) benchgrafts. at 30 ppm oxygen, 3-d ulo treatment at 25 degrees c and 4-d ulo treatment at 150c achieved complete control of all life stages of p. ficus. at a much lower oxygen level (<1 ppm), the two ulo treatments with the same exposure periods of 3 d at 25 degrees c and 4 d at 15 deg ... | 2010 | 20429438 |
| the characterization and diversity of bacterial endophytes of grapevine. | the diversity of culturable and nonculturable bacterial endophytes of grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) was examined using a combination of cultivation and molecular methods. entire grapevines were sampled to characterize bacterial diversity from different locations throughout the vine. gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters (fames) was used to identify culturable isolates prior to subsequent further microbiological characterization, whilst denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) was ... | 2010 | 20453907 |
| aba-dependent amine oxidases-derived h2o2 affects stomata conductance. | recently we showed that aba is at least partly responsible for the induction of the polyamine exodus pathway in vitis vinifera plants. both sensitive and tolerant plants employ this pathway to orchestrate stress responses, differing between stress adaptation and programmed cell death. herein we show that aba is an upstream signal for the induction of the polyamine catabolic pathway in vitis vinifera. thus, amine oxidases are producing h2o2 which signals stomata closure. moreover, the previously ... | 2010 | 21490422 |
| [bioinformatic search for plant homologs of protein kinase bub1--the keypoint of mitotic spindle assembly]. | fourteen plant homologs of animal, yeast and myxomycetes spindle assembly checkpoint protein kinases were identified bioinformatically. it was shown that the closest plant homologues of the bub1 protein kinases are unknown proteins xp_002274770.1 (cbi21878.1) from vitis vinifera, eec82122.1 from oryza sativa indica, eee67244.1 from o. sativa japonica, eef44403.1 from ricinus communis and cal57156.1 from ostreococcus tauri. the reconstruction and analysis of spatial structures of the eec82122.1, ... | 2010 | 21254620 |
| the effectiveness of stilbenes in resistant vitaceae: ultrastructural and biochemical events during plasmopara viticola infection process. | leaves of different vitis vinifera l. cultivars, susceptible or resistant to downy mildew, chasselas, solaris, irac 2091 (cvs. gamaret x bronner) and muscadinia rotundifolia were inoculated with plasmopara viticola. samples were then examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, by light microscopy and for their ability to synthesise stilbenes. these phytoalexins were strictly analysed at infection sites. in the susceptible chasselas, p. viticola colonises, at 72h post-infection (hp ... | 2010 | 21256040 |
| characterization of a vitis vinifera cv. cabernet sauvignon 3',5'-o-methyltransferase showing strong preference for anthocyanins and glycosylated flavonols. | at ripening initiation in red grapevine (vitis vinifera) berries, the exocarp turns color from green to red and then to purple due to the accumulation and extent of methylation of anthocyanins. the accumulation of transcripts encoding an o-methyltransferase was recently shown to be closely correlated with the onset of ripening and the degree of blue/purple pigmentation in grapevine berries; however, the biochemical function of this gene has remained uncharacterized. in this study, an o-methyltra ... | 2010 | 20580386 |
| effect of myricetin on blood pressure and metabolic alterations in fructose hypertensive rats. | fructose feeding induces a rise in blood pressure in normal rats and is associated with insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. we have examined the effect of myricetin (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o. for 6 weeks) isolated from vitis vinifera linn. (vitaceae) on systolic blood pressure (sbp), vascular reactivity, serum glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, and insulin in fructose-induced hypertension. myricetin reduced systolic blood pressure and vascular reactivity changes to ca ... | 2010 | 20645789 |
| effects of acute low-temperature events on development of erysiphe necator and susceptibility of vitis vinifera. | growth and development of erysiphe necator (syn. uncinula necator) has been extensively studied under controlled conditions, primarily with a focus on development of grapevine powdery mildew within the optimal temperature range and the lethal effects of high temperatures. however, little is known of the effect of cold temperatures (above freezing but <8 degrees c) on pathogen development or host resistance. pretreatment of susceptible vitis vinifera leaf tissue by exposure to cold temperatures ( ... | 2010 | 20649419 |
| influence of planococcus ficus on aspergillus section nigri and ochratoxin a incidence in vineyards from argentina. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of planococcus ficus infection in red wine grapes on aspergillus section nigri and ochratoxin a (ota) contamination. | 2010 | 20672440 |
| mechanisms of powdery mildew resistance in the vitaceae family. | the cultivated grapevine, vitis vinifera, is a member of the vitaceae family, which comprises over 700 species in 14 genera. vitis vinifera is highly susceptible to the powdery mildew pathogen erysiphe necator. however, other species within the vitaceae family have been reported to show resistance to this fungal pathogen, but little is known about the mechanistic basis of this resistance. therefore, the frequency of successful e. necator penetration events, in addition to programmed cell death ( ... | 2010 | 21355998 |
| polyploidy did not predate the evolution of nodulation in all legumes. | several lines of evidence indicate that polyploidy occurred by around 54 million years ago, early in the history of legume evolution, but it has not been known whether this event was confined to the papilionoid subfamily (papilionoideae; e.g. beans, medics, lupins) or occurred earlier. determining the timing of the polyploidy event is important for understanding whether polyploidy might have contributed to rapid diversification and radiation of the legumes near the origin of the family; and whet ... | 2010 | 20661290 |
| mechanical properties, phenolic composition and extractability indices of barbera grapes of different soluble solids contents from several growing areas. | phenolic compounds, extractable from grape skins and seeds, have a notable influence on the quality of red wines. many studies have clearly demonstrated the relationship between the phenolic composition of the grape at harvest time and its influence on the phenolic composition of the red wine produced. in many previous works the evolution of phenolic composition and relative extractability was normally studied on grapes sampled at different times during ripening, but at the same date the physiol ... | 2010 | 20103161 |
| clone lineages of grape phylloxera differ in their performance on vitis vinifera. | grape phylloxera, daktulosphaira vitifoliae fitch, is an important pest of grapevines (vitis vinifera l.) (vitaceae). the distribution and frequency of phylloxera clone lineages vary within infested regions of australia, suggesting the introduction of separate lineages of d. vitifoliae with host associations. virulence levels of particular phylloxera clones may vary on v. vinifera, but much of this evidence is indirect. in this study, we directly tested the performance of phylloxera clones on v. ... | 2010 | 20482931 |
| correlation of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine to 3-isobutyl-2-hydroxypyrazine during maturation of bell pepper (capsicum annuum) and wine grapes (vitis vinifera). | environmental factors affecting degradation of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (ibmp, "green pepper aroma") in wine grapes (v. vinifera) are widely studied, but the degradation pathway is not defined. we hypothesized that ibmp is demethylated to 3-isobutyl-2-hydroxypyrazine (ibhp) during fruit maturation effectively reversing the final putative step of ibmp biosynthesis. a quantification method for ibhp was developed using solid-phase extraction coupled to one- or two-dimensional gas chromatography ... | 2010 | 20707309 |
| antioxidant activities of curcumin and combinations of this curcuminoid with other phytochemicals. | biomedical investigations of curcumin (and curcuminoids) have provided evidence of a wide range of molecular and cellular activities, most related to redox reactions and signal transduction. the main goal of the present study was to compare antioxidant activities of curcumin with those of resveratrol, a polyphenol present in some dietary plants such as vitis vinifera (l.) and arachis hypogaea (l.) and many other, non-dietary plants. combinations of the two were also examined for potential synerg ... | 2010 | 19927272 |
| the vitis vinifera sugar transporter gene family: phylogenetic overview and macroarray expression profiling. | in higher plants, sugars are not only nutrients but also important signal molecules. they are distributed through the plant via sugar transporters, which are involved not only in sugar long-distance transport via the loading and the unloading of the conducting complex, but also in sugar allocation into source and sink cells. the availability of the recently released grapevine genome sequence offers the opportunity to identify sucrose and monosaccharide transporter gene families in a woody specie ... | 2010 | 21073695 |
| genome-wide investigation reveals high evolutionary rates in annual model plants. | rates of molecular evolution vary widely among species. while significant deviations from molecular clock have been found in many taxa, effects of life histories on molecular evolution are not fully understood. in plants, annual/perennial life history traits have long been suspected to influence the evolutionary rates at the molecular level. to date, however, the number of genes investigated on this subject is limited and the conclusions are mixed. to evaluate the possible heterogeneity in evolu ... | 2010 | 21062446 |
| molecular and phylogenetic characterization of the sieve element occlusion gene family in fabaceae and non-fabaceae plants. | the phloem of dicotyledonous plants contains specialized p-proteins (phloem proteins) that accumulate during sieve element differentiation and remain parietally associated with the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum in mature sieve elements. wounding causes p-protein filaments to accumulate at the sieve plates and block the translocation of photosynthate. specialized, spindle-shaped p-proteins known as forisomes that undergo reversible calcium-dependent conformational changes have evolved ex ... | 2010 | 20932300 |
| a draft physical map of a d-genome cotton species (gossypium raimondii). | genetically anchored physical maps of large eukaryotic genomes have proven useful both for their intrinsic merit and as an adjunct to genome sequencing. cultivated tetraploid cottons, gossypium hirsutum and g. barbadense, share a common ancestor formed by a merger of the a and d genomes about 1-2 million years ago. toward the long-term goal of characterizing the spectrum of diversity among cotton genomes, the worldwide cotton community has prioritized the d genome progenitor gossypium raimondii ... | 2010 | 20569427 |
| comparative sequence analyses indicate that coffea (asterids) and vitis (rosids) derive from the same paleo-hexaploid ancestral genome. | the complete sequence of vitis vinifera revealed that the rosid clade derives from a hexaploid ancestor. at present, no analysis of complete genome sequence is available for an asterid, the other large eudicot clade, which includes the economically important species potato, tomato and coffee. to elucidate the genomic history of asterids, we compared the sequence of an 800 kb region of diploid coffea genome to the orthologous regions of v. vinifera, populus trichocarpa and arabidopsis thaliana. w ... | 2010 | 20361338 |
| cop: a database for characterizing co-expressed gene modules with biological information in plants. | using a large dataset (10 022 assays) obtained from public plant microarray databases, we developed the cop database for associating co-expressed gene modules with biological information such as gene ontology terms and, if available, metabolic pathway names. the confeito algorithm developed previously in our laboratory, which is suitable to calculate the interconnectivity between genes in co-expressed gene network, was applied to extract co-expressed gene modules. the database includes the gene ... | 2010 | 20305269 |
| identification of shared single copy nuclear genes in arabidopsis, populus, vitis and oryza and their phylogenetic utility across various taxonomic levels. | although the overwhelming majority of genes found in angiosperms are members of gene families, and both gene- and genome-duplication are pervasive forces in plant genomes, some genes are sufficiently distinct from all other genes in a genome that they can be operationally defined as 'single copy'. using the gene clustering algorithm mcl-tribe, we have identified a set of 959 single copy genes that are shared single copy genes in the genomes of arabidopsis thaliana, populus trichocarpa, vitis vin ... | 2010 | 20181251 |
| low level of polymorphism in two putative npr1 homologs in the vitaceae family. | grapevine is subjected to numerous pests and diseases resulting in the use of phytochemicals in large quantities. the will to decrease the use of phytochemicals leads to attempts to find alternative strategies, implying knowledge of defence mechanisms. numerous studies have led to the identification of signalling pathways and regulatory elements involved in defence in various plant species. nonexpressor of pathogenesis related 1 (npr1) is an important regulatory component of systemic acquired re ... | 2010 | 20137081 |
| isolation of wdr and bhlh genes related to flavonoid synthesis in grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | anthocyanins and tannins are two of the most abundant flavonoids found in grapevine, and their synthesis is derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway. as described for model species such as arabidopsis thaliana, maize and petunia, the end-point branches of this pathway are tightly regulated by the combinatorial interaction of three families of regulatory factors; myb, bhlh (also known as myc) and wdr proteins. among these, only myb genes have been previously identified in grapes. here, we report ... | 2010 | 20112051 |
| genome-wide analysis of ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression motif-containing transcriptional regulators in arabidopsis. | the ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression (ear) motif is a transcriptional regulatory motif identified in members of the ethylene-responsive element binding factor, c2h2, and auxin/indole-3-acetic acid families of transcriptional regulators. sequence comparison of the core ear motif sites from these proteins revealed two distinct conservation patterns: lxlxl and dlnxxp. proteins containing these motifs play key roles in diverse biological functions by negat ... | 2010 | 20097792 |
| duplication of the class i cytosolic small heat shock protein gene and potential functional divergence revealed by sequence variations flanking the {alpha}-crystallin domain in the genus rhododendron (ericaceae). | positive selection in the -crystallin domain (acd) of the chloroplast small heat shock protein (cpshsp) gene was found in a previous study and was suggested to be related to the ecological adaptation of rhododendron species in the subgenus hymenanthes. consequently, it was of interest to examine whether gene duplication and subsequent divergence have occurred in other shsp genes, for example class i cytosolic shsp genes (ct1shsps) in rhododendron in taiwan, where many endemic species have evolve ... | 2010 | 19887471 |
| determination and imaging of metabolites from vitis vinifera leaves by laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | analysis of grapevine phytoalexins at the surface of vitis vinifera leaves has been achieved by laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ldi-tofms) without matrix deposition. this simple and rapid sampling method was successfully applied to map small organic compounds at the surface of grapevine leaves. it was also demonstrated that the laser wavelength is a highly critical parameter. both 266 and 337 nm laser wavelengths were used but the 266 nm wavelength gave increased sp ... | 2010 | 20049886 |
| [multicentric study on a topical compound with lymph-draining action in the treatment of the phlebostatic ulcer of the inferior limbs]. | phlebostatic sore of the lower limbs is a typical chronic venous insufficiency complication and is still a widely controversial issue in its treatment. the common therapies, in fact, are not yet standardized and they not show complete efficacy. since 2005 to 2007 a multicentric clinical trial was conducted at the plastic and reconstructive surgery of "sapienza" university of rome and at the plastic and reconstructive surgery department, university of perugia, in order to evaluate the efficacy of ... | 2010 | 20109380 |
| sequestration of auxin by the indole-3-acetic acid-amido synthetase gh3-1 in grape berry (vitis vinifera l.) and the proposed role of auxin conjugation during ripening. | in fleshy fruit, levels of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa), the most abundant auxin, decline towards the onset of ripening. the application of auxins to immature fruit can delay the ripening processes. however, the mechanisms by which the decrease in endogenous iaa concentrations and the maintenance of low auxin levels in maturing fruit are achieved remain elusive. the transcript of a gh3 gene (gh3-1), encoding for an iaa-amido synthetase which conjugates iaa to amino acids, was detected in grape ber ... | 2010 | 20581124 |
| cohorts of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in vitis vinifera, a typical mediterranean fruit crop. | in field conditions, grapevine roots normally are colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf). however, little is published, from either morphological or molecular studies, on the species composition of these symbionts in production vineyards. the amf biodiversity of two piedmont vineyards (at neive and lessona), characterized by different soil features, was investigated by morphological and molecular analyses. several morphotypes were identified from the two vineyard soils. community compos ... | 2010 | 23766230 |
| 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine in grape berries and its dependence on genotype. | 2-methoxy-3-isobutylpyrazine (mibp) contributes a bell pepper aroma to many grape cultivars and has a reported aroma threshold of ∼2 ng l(-1) in water. the purpose of this study was twofold: (1) develop a procedure using headspace solid phase micro-extraction combined with gc-ms in the selected ion monitoring mode (hs-spme-gc-ms-sim) for analysis of mibp in grape berries, and (2) determine the location of mibp biosynthesis in grapevines by approach grafting clusters of vitis vinifera l. cvs cabe ... | 2010 | 20965529 |
| identification and expression of cytokinin signaling and meristem identity genes in sulfur deficient grapevine (vitis vinifera l.). | in plants, cytokinin (ck) perception and signaling pathway is composed by a histidine kinase receptor (hk) and a response regulator (rr), the signal being mediated by a histidine phosphotransfer (hpt), as described in arabidopsis, maize and rice. from database searches we identified in grapevine three hks, three hps, four a-type rrs and six b-type rrs, suggesting a common mechanism for grapevine. the phylogenetic analysis of these vitis genes showed a variable but high degree of homology with ar ... | 2009 | 20514227 |
| grape skin and seed proanthocyanidins from monastrell x syrah grapes. | in this study, the grape skin and seed proanthocyanidin profiles from monastrell x syrah grape (vitis vinifera l.) crosses were determined. concentration and compositional information in extracts was determined by reversed-phase hplc after acid-catalyzed cleavage in the presence of excess phloroglucinol. in general, the proanthocyanidin compositions of crosses were qualitatively similar to those of monastrell and syrah, but, quantitatively, differences were observed. consistent with transgressiv ... | 2009 | 19856914 |
| new insights on the genetic basis of portuguese grapevine and on grapevine domestication. | as the ancestor of cultivated grape, vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris represents a unique, invaluable genetic resource for the improvement of cultivated grapevines. recently, five populations of wild grapevines were identified in portugal. sixty vines were characterized with 11 nuclear ssr markers and further compared with 70 genotypes of portuguese vitis vinifera subsp. sativa. the obtained data demonstrate moderate genetic differentiation between wild grapevine populations and moderate to high ... | 2009 | 19935927 |
| combining next-generation pyrosequencing with microarray for large scale expression analysis in non-model species. | the next generation sequencing technologies provide new options to characterize the transcriptome and to develop affordable tools for functional genomics. we describe here an innovative approach for this purpose and demonstrate its potential also for non-model species. | 2009 | 19930683 |
| high throughput approaches reveal splicing of primary microrna transcripts and tissue specific expression of mature micrornas in vitis vinifera. | micrornas are short (approximately 21 base) single stranded rnas that, in plants, are generally coded by specific genes and cleaved specifically from hairpin precursors. micrornas are critical for the regulation of multiple developmental, stress related and other physiological processes in plants. the recent annotation of the genome of the grapevine (vitis vinifera l.) allowed the identification of many putative conserved microrna precursors, grouped into multiple gene families. | 2009 | 19939267 |
| antioxidant properties of raisins (vitis vinifera l.). | currants and sultanas (vitis vinifera l., family vitaceae) are dried vine products produced in greece and used widely in the mediterranean diet. we investigated the polar methanol extracts from the raisins for the antiradical activity, polyphenol content, cytotoxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, total glutathione (gsh) levels, oxidized glutathione (gssg) levels, and inhibition of low-density lipoprotein (ldl) oxidation. extracts exhibited 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activ ... | 2009 | 20041785 |
| ascorbate metabolism and the developmental demand for tartaric and oxalic acids in ripening grape berries. | fresh fruits are well accepted as a good source of the dietary antioxidant ascorbic acid (asc, vitamin c). however, fruits such as grapes do not accumulate exceptionally high quantities of asc. grapes, unlike most other cultivated fruits do however use asc as a precursor for the synthesis of both oxalic (oa) and tartaric acids (ta). ta is a commercially important product in the wine industry and due to its acidifying effect on crushed juice it can influence the organoleptic properties of the win ... | 2009 | 19995454 |
| vitisnet: "omics" integration through grapevine molecular networks. | genomic data release for the grapevine has increased exponentially in the last five years. the vitis vinifera genome has been sequenced and vitis est, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic tools and data sets continue to be developed. the next critical challenge is to provide biological meaning to this tremendous amount of data by annotating genes and integrating them within their biological context. we have developed and validated a system of grapevine molecular networks (vitisnet). | 2009 | 20027228 |
| multicolored asian lady beetle (coleoptera: coccinellidae) activity and wine grape phenology: implications for pest management. | we determined the phenology of the multicolored asian lady beetle, harmonia axyridis (pallas), adults in relation to the phenology of wine grapes (frontenac and marechal foch) in minnesota and wisconsin vineyards to establish a management window for h. axyridis infestations in wine grapes. in addition, we also assessed the flight activity of h. axyridis in an agricultural landscape. the phenology of berry development and ripening was determined by recording berry size and sugar content of random ... | 2009 | 20021750 |
| evaluation of pollen dispersal and cross pollination using transgenic grapevine plants. | public debate about the possible risk of genetically modified plants often concerns putative effects of pollen dispersal and out-crossing into conventional fields in the neighborhood of transgenic plants. though vitis vinifera (grapevine) is generally considered to be self-pollinating, it cannot be excluded that vertical gene transfer might occur. for monitoring pollen flow and out-crossing events, transgenic plants of vitis vinifera cv. 'dornfelder' harboring the gus-int gene were planted in th ... | 2009 | 19833076 |
| changes of defense proteins in the extracellular proteome of grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. gamay) cell cultures in response to elicitors. | in plant cells, elicitors induce defense responses that resemble those triggered by pathogen attack, such as the synthesis of phytoalexins and pathogen-related proteins which accumulate in the extracellular space. in the search for the particular proteins involved in defense responses, we investigated the changes in the extracellular proteome of a grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. gamay) cell suspension in response to elicitation with methylated cyclodextrins (mbcd) and methyl jasmonate (meja). twen ... | 2009 | 19822229 |
| the expression of vvphya and vvphyb transcripts is differently regulated by photoperiod in leaves and buds of grapevines. | light signals perceived by phytochromes (phys) and cryptochromes (crys) play key roles in plant growth and development and in photoperiod dependant process such as flowering, tuberization, seasonal growth cessation and dormancy. the integration of the light signals with the endogenous circadian oscillator provides plants with a mechanism to monitor changes in photoperiod or day-length. in a recent report, we established that in vitis vinifera l. cv thompson seedless, photoperiod drives the entra ... | 2009 | 19820336 |
| evolution of cle signaling: origins of the clv1 and sol2/crn receptor diversity. | the shoot apical meristem is maintained by the intercellular factor, clv3, a dodecapeptide in arabidopsis. clv3 belongs to the cle family and putative cle genes have been found in various plants, even in the moss physcomitrella patens. here, we report that a pteridophyte, selaginella moelendorffii, also has 15 putative cle genes in its genome. on the other hand, clv1 is reported to function as a receptor for the clv3 peptide, and other cle peptides might be recognized by clv1 homologues in vario ... | 2009 | 19816140 |
| binding-equilibrium and kinetic studies of anthocyanidin reductase from vitis vinifera. | anthocyanidin reductase from vitis vinifera catalyzes an nadph-dependent double reduction of anthocyanidins. at ph 7.5 and 30 degrees c, steady-state kinetics support a hyperbolic and rapid-equilibrium ordered mechanism, with nadph binding first, k(m(cyan))=2.82+/-0.66microm and k(i(nadph))=111+/-23microm. the chromatographic method of hummel and dreyer was used for binding-equilibrium studies of nadph, nadp(+) and catechin, at ph 7. this confirmed hyperbolic binding of nadph and nadp(+) to the ... | 2009 | 19772852 |
| vascular function in grape berries across development and its relevance to apparent hydraulic isolation. | during the latter stages of development in fleshy fruit, water flow through the xylem declines markedly and the requirements of transpiration and further expansion are fulfilled primarily by the phloem. we evaluated the hypothesis that cessation of water transport through the xylem results from disruption or occlusion of pedicel and berry xylem conduits (hydraulic isolation). xylem hydraulic resistance (r(h)) was measured in developing fruit of grape (vitis vinifera 'chardonnay') 20 to 100 d aft ... | 2009 | 19741048 |
| grape skins (vitis vinifera l.) catalyze the in vitro enzymatic hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid to caffeic acid. | the ability of grape skins to catalyze in vitro conversion of p-coumaric acid to the more potent antioxidant caffeic acid was studied. addition of different concentrations of p-coumaric to red grape skins (cabernet sauvignon) resulted in formation of caffeic acid. this caffeic acid formation (y) correlated positively and linearly to p-coumaric acid consumption (x): y = 0.5 x + 9.5; r (2) = 0.96, p < 0.0001. the kinetics of caffeic acid formation with time in response to initial p-coumaric acid l ... | 2009 | 19696970 |
| the alternative oxidase family of vitis vinifera reveals an attractive model to study the importance of genomic design. | 'genomic design' refers to the structural organization of gene sequences. recently, the role of intron sequences for gene regulation is being better understood. further, introns possess high rates of polymorphism that are considered as the major source for speciation. in molecular breeding, the length of gene-specific introns is recognized as a tool to discriminate genotypes with diverse traits of agronomic interest. 'economy selection' and 'time-economy selection' have been proposed as models f ... | 2009 | 19682279 |
| red-color related phenolic composition of garnacha tintorera (vitis vinifera l.) grapes and red wines. | garnacha tintorera (also known as alicante bouschet) is one of the few v. vinifera grape cultivars with red-colored berry flesh. the study of the phenolic composition of both berry flesh and skin of garnacha tintorera grapes shows interesting findings. anthocyanins were asymmetrically distributed within grape flesh and skins. malvidin derivatives dominated in skin, followed by peonidin-type anthocyanins; in contrast, the flesh almost exclusively contained peonidin 3-glucoside. in addition, lc-uv ... | 2009 | 19673489 |
| fast analysis of isobaric grape anthocyanins by chip-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. | in a previous work, direct-infusion electrospray ionization ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (esi-it-ms/ms) was applied to the study of anthocyanins in extracts from the skins of clinton grapes, a non-vitis vinifera red grape variety qualitatively and quantitatively rich in anthocyanins. a good characterization of anthocyaninins was obtained, but it was impossible to differentiate some compounds with the same nominal mass but with different elemental composition. in this work, the capabilities ... | 2009 | 19670341 |
| deployment of response surface methodology to optimise recovery of grape (vitis vinifera) stem polyphenols. | a 2(3)-full factorial design and response surface methodology were deployed to assess some basic factors (time, % ethanol and ph) affecting profoundly the extractability of polyphenolic phytochemicals from grape (vitis vinifera) stems. in an effort to obtain a thorough insight into the applicability of the models established, stem extracts from three different varieties were tested, by determining several indices of the polyphenolic composition, such as total polyphenol (tp), total flavanol (tfl ... | 2009 | 19635365 |
| implication of signaling pathways involving calcium, phosphorylation and active oxygen species in methyl jasmonate-induced defense responses in grapevine cell cultures. | perception of elicitors triggers plant defense responses via various early signal transduction pathways. methyl jasmonate (meja) stimulates defense responses in grapevine (vitis vinifera). we investigated the involvement of various partners (calcium, ros, reversible phosphorylation) in meja-induced responses by using a pharmacological approach. we used specific calcium channel effectors and inhibitors of serine/threonine phosphatases, superoxide dismutase and nad(p)h oxidase and investigated pro ... | 2009 | 19631405 |
| assessment of quality parameters in grapes during ripening using a miniature fiber-optic near-infrared spectrometer. | changes in the chemical properties of wine grapes during ripening were studied using near-infrared (nir) spectroscopy. a miniature fiber-optic nir spectrometer system working in transmission mode in the spectral region (700 - 1,060 nm) was evaluated for this purpose. spectra and analytical data were used to develop partial least square calibration models to quantify changes in the major parameters used to chart ripening in this fruit. nir spectroscopy provided excellent precision for soluble sol ... | 2009 | 19626519 |
| does night-time transpiration contribute to anisohydric behaviour in a vitis vinifera cultivar? | the hypothesis that vines of the semillon wine grape variety show anisohydric behaviour was tested, i.e. that tissue hydration is unstable under fluctuating environmental conditions. stomatal conductance and transpiration rates from leaves were measured during the day and at night. leaf water potential (psi(l)) in semillon was negatively correlated to vapour pressure deficit (vpd) both predawn and during the day. furthermore, psi(l) fell to significantly lower values than in any of the nine othe ... | 2009 | 19584116 |
| ontology-oriented retrieval of putative micrornas in vitis vinifera via grapemirna: a web database of de novo predicted grape micrornas. | two complete genome sequences are available for vitis vinifera pinot noir. based on the sequence and gene predictions produced by the iasma, we performed an in silico detection of putative microrna genes and of their targets, and collected the most reliable microrna predictions in a web database. the application is available at http://www.itb.cnr.it/ptp/grapemirna/. | 2009 | 19563653 |
| treatment of pruritus in mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis with a topical non-steroidal agent. | atopiclair (zarzenda) is a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of allergic diseases of the skin. three main ingredients are contained in this product: glycyrrhetinic acid, telmesteine and vitis vinifera extracts. other ingredients include: allantoin, alpha-bisabolol, capryloyl glycine, hyaluronic acid, shea butter and tocopheryl acetate. two previous randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled clinical studies provided evidence that atopiclair is effective in the tre ... | 2009 | 19537379 |
| the integrated control concept and its relevance to current integrated pest management in california fresh market grapes. | the foundation of an integrated pest management program involves valid treatment thresholds, accurate and simple monitoring methods, effective natural controls, selective pesticides and trained individuals who can implement the concept. the integrated control concept written by stern, smith, van den bosch and hagen elucidated each of these points in an alfalfa ecosystem. alfalfa hay (medicago sativa l.) has a low per acre value, requires little hand labor and is primarily marketed in the usa. in ... | 2009 | 19731261 |
| irrigation and rootstock effects on the phenolic concentration and aroma potential of vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon grapes. | compositional changes of skin and seed phenolic compounds and berry glycosylated aroma precursors were measured in vitis vinifera l. cv. cabernet sauvignon onto 1103p and so4 rootstocks, in three irrigation regimes (fi, 100% of evapotranspiration; di, 50% of evapotranspiration; and ni, non-irrigated). the study was conducted in a commercial vineyard of central greece, in a factorial experiment during two growing seasons (2005-2006). grape samples were obtained at commercial harvest. the deficit ... | 2009 | 19722708 |
| [chemical composition of the virgin oil obtained by mechanical pressing form several grape seed varieties (vitis vinifera l.) with emphasis on minor constituents]. | the chemical composition of the virgin oils obtained by mechanical pressing of grape seed belonging of the varieties syrah and tintorera as well as a mixture of seeds of the varieties syrah, tempranillo and merlot was determined. official analytical methods were employed for the determination of two quality indexes (acidity and peroxide value), fatty acids profile and for the quantification of the most important minor constituents. the acidity and the peroxide values were in agreement with the v ... | 2009 | 19719020 |
| botryticides affect grapevine leaf photosynthesis without inducing defense mechanisms. | the effects of the two botryticides, fludioxonil (fdx) and fenhexamid (fhd), were investigated on grapevine leaves (vitis vinifera l. cv. pinot noir) following photosynthesis and defense mechanisms. treatments were carried out in vineyard at the end of flowering. phytotoxicity of both fungicides was evaluated by measuring variations of leaf photosynthetic parameters and correlated expression of photosynthesis-related genes. results demonstrated that similar decrease in photosynthesis was caused ... | 2009 | 19002490 |