Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| a leader sequence is present on mrna a of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the subgenomic mrnas of the fowl coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) form a 3' co-terminal or 'nested' set. the rnase t1 oligonucleotide mapping data which demonstrated this form of sequence organization provided no evidence for the presence of non-contiguous (leader) sequences fused to the 5' termini of the mrnas. however, we have been able to demonstrate, by extension of an end-labelled synthetic oligonucleotide primer, the presence of a leader sequence on ibv mrna a. sequencing by t ... | 1984 | 6086827 |
| sequential development of humoral immunity and assessment of protection in chickens following vaccination and challenge with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | chicks without specific maternal antibody to avian infectious bronchitis virus were vaccinated intranasally at two weeks old with a live h120 vaccine and a proportion revaccinated with a live h52 vaccine at 15 weeks. groups of these birds were then challenged intratracheally with the massachusetts m41 strain at varying intervals and their humoral antibody responses monitored by neutralisation and haemagglutination-inhibition tests. protection was assessed by the presence of tracheal ciliostasis ... | 1984 | 6089286 |
| occurrence and significance of infectious bronchitis virus variant strains in egg and broiler production in the netherlands. | despite vaccination against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) with the massachusetts type vaccine viruses h120 and h52 in the netherlands, an increasing number of properly vaccinated flocks have suffered from the disease since 1978. in the years 1978-1982, the virus was isolated from 162 ibv suspected flocks. cross-virus-neutralization tests showed that the majority (67 per cent) of these isolates belonged to serotypes other than the massachusetts type, the connecticut-, florida-, iowa 97-, iowa ... | 1984 | 6091319 |
| in vitro and in vivo studies with an avian reovirus derived from a temperature-sensitive mutant clone. | a temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant of avian reovirus isolate maine 1-203 was obtained at 41 c. the 19th passage of this mutant (ts 19) was utilized for in vitro studies comparing its replication in macrophage cultures with that of its parent strain and an apathogenic s1133 virus. in vivo studies were initiated to determine the ts mutant's pathogenicity for day-old chicks, safety and protective levels for 6-day-old chicks, and interference with marek's disease, newcastle, and infectious bronchit ... | 1984 | 6091605 |
| sequencing of coronavirus ibv genomic rna: a 195-base open reading frame encoded by mrna b. | dna sequencing of genomic cdna clones of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been carried out. 770 bases have been determined which include genomic sequences spanning the 5' termini of the two smallest mrnas of the 3'-coterminal "nested" set: mrna a and mrna b. this region contains the complete coding sequences for mrna b which are additional to those present in mrna a. two open reading frames are present, predicting proteins of mrs 7500 and 9500. | 1984 | 6092234 |
| influence of newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis live virus vaccines on immune response against infectious laryngotracheitis live virus vaccine in chickens. | 1984 | 6092761 | |
| monoclonal antibodies to the s1 spike and membrane proteins of avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus strain massachusetts m41. | we have established four murine hybridoma cell lines which secrete specific antibody to avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain massachusetts m41. two monoclonal antibodies reacted with the spike protein and two reacted with the membrane protein. the specificity of the monoclonal antibodies for the external structural proteins was detected by immunoprecipitations using radiolabelled virus. the reactions of the monoclonal antibodies showed that one (s1) of the two glycopolypeptides associa ... | 1984 | 6096499 |
| use of egg yolk in serological tests (elisa and hi) to detect antibody to newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, and mycoplasma gallisepticum. | serum and yolks from commercial flocks and from hens exposed to newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) were tested for immunoglobulin g antibody by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test. yolks prepared by chloroform extraction and low-speed centrifugation performed well in the serological tests used and were a suitable alternative to serum for antibody determination by the elisa for ... | 1984 | 6098252 |
| nephropathogenicity of infectious bronchitis virus. | four strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were compared in chickens as to nephropathogenicity. two of the viruses were from the united states, one was from australia, and one from italy. each has been described as nephropathogenic. the australian strain proved to be most pathogenic and was then followed by the italian strain and, finally, the two viruses from the united states. with an increase in the age of the chickens there was an apparent decrease in pathogenic effect. all of the vir ... | 1984 | 6099569 |
| replication and morphogenesis of avian coronavirus in vero cells and their inhibition by monensin. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was adapted to vero cells by serial passage. no significant inhibition of ibv replication was observed when infected vero cells were treated with alpha-amanitin or actinomycin d. in thin sections of infected cells, assembly of ibv was observed at the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer), and mature ibv particles were located in dilated cisternae of the rer as well as in smooth cytoplasmic vesicles. in addition to typical ibv particles, enveloped particles con ... | 1984 | 6099655 |
| sequence of the membrane protein gene from avian coronavirus ibv. | cdna clones prepared from genomic rna of coronavirus ibv have been sequenced. the nucleotide sequence for the complete 5' region of mrna c, which is not present in mrnas a and b, has been determined. a sequence of 1224 bases is presented which contains a long open reading frame predicting a polypeptide of molecular weight 25 443. this is in agreement with the molecular weight of 23 000 reported for the unglycosylated form of the membrane polypeptide. | 1984 | 6099661 |
| demonstration of 7-nm projections on human and avian coronaviruses. | direct electron microscopy (em) of human coronavirus (hcv) strain oc43 and avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain f revealed particles with small granular projections about 7 nm in size in addition to the characteristic coronavirus particles with projections of 20 nm. relationship of the short fringed form to the conventional coronavirus particle is established by ordinary immune electron microscopy (iem) and immunosorbent electron microscopy (isem). | 1984 | 6099927 |
| effect of different passage histories of infectious bronchitis virus on the sensitivity to inhibitors in chick serum and their removal by trypsin. | sensitivity of the beaudette strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) to non-antibody inhibitors in neutralization tests depended on the passage history of the virus. the chick embryo kidney cell-adapted (e71 cek11) virus was the most sensitive, but after one chick embryo (ce) passage (e71 cek11 e1), this virus showed reversion to the sensitivity of the parent virus (e71). ibv inhibitors in chicken serum could be removed by treatment with trypsin but not with phospholipase c. | 1984 | 6147998 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies to assess antigenic relationships of avian infectious bronchitis virus serotypes in the united states. | 1984 | 6204515 | |
| serological comparison and antigenic relationships of seven serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus using the hemagglutination-inhibition test. | the antigenic relationships, antigenic spectrum, and immunogenicity of seven isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were examined using the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test. because there was a discontinuity of antigenic relationships and a high degree of cross-reactivity among serotypes of ibv in cross-hemagglutination-inhibition tests, the range of antigenic spectrum used to group the serotypes with the hi test should be wider than the limits suggested by the plaque-reduction test. ... | 1984 | 6204631 |
| determination of the antigenic relationships within the massachusetts (m41) type of infectious bronchitis virus using the hemagglutination-inhibition test. | the antigenic relationships, antigenic spectrum, and immunogenicity of seven ibv-massachusetts-41 isolates were investigated using the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test. hi titers equal to 32 are considered suspicious, titers lower than 32 are considered negative, and titers higher than 32 are considered positive immune responses to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). some isolates of massachusetts-41 ( m41 ) were capable of inducing large quantities of antibodies in chickens following inocul ... | 1984 | 6204632 |
| immunomodulatory activity of isoprinosine on experimental viral infections in avian models. | the immunomodulatory activity of isoprinosine treatments have been experimentally verified on chicken infected by three different viruses: newcastle disease, fowl plague and avian infectious bronchitis. in protection tests, positive variations in the mean day of death rather than in the mortality rate were found depending on the modality of treatment. a stimulatory influence on primary anti-newcastle disease virus antibody response was observed. in the avian model the isoprinosine antiviral effe ... | 1984 | 6207123 |
| muscle protein synthesis and growth of two strains of chicks vaccinated for newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis. | rates of in vitro protein synthesis were monitored during an 8-week period in male broilers and leghorns. the birds received vaccinations during weeks 2 and 5 posthatching for newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis by the administration of a standard dose of the mixed vaccine in the drinking water. both types of birds exhibited a marked decline in the rate of protein synthesis during each week after vaccination. the decline in ribonucleic acid (rna) and deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) levels we ... | 1984 | 6207519 |
| rapid serotyping of infectious bronchitis virus isolates with the hemagglutination-inhibition test. | the hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test was evaluated as a method of typing recent suspect infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolates. hemagglutination (ha) antigen was prepared from each isolate by phospholipase c treatment of virus concentrated from allanto-amniotic fluids of infected chicken embryos. an hi test was run with the ha antigen of each isolate against a battery of 17 antisera that had been prepared against different ibv strains classified by virus neutralization (vn). the hi test ... | 1984 | 6207809 |
| evaluation of inactivated mycoplasma gallisepticum oil-emulsion bacterins for protection against airsacculitis in broilers. | broiler chicks were vaccinated subcutaneously in the neck at various ages with a single 0.5-ml dose of beta-propiolactone-inactivated mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) oil-emulsion bacterin. four weeks later, vaccinated and control chicks were placed in cold environmental cabinets, infected with infectious bronchitis virus intratracheally, and 2 days later challenged by aerosol exposure to live mg broth culture. all chicks were killed 21 days later and scored postmortem for the rate and severity of ... | 1984 | 6721795 |
| significance of lysosomes in the morphogenesis of coronaviruses. | virus-containing electron-dense membrane-bound cytoplasmic bodies are described in tracheal epithelial cells of chickens infected with infectious bronchitis virus and in intestinal epithelial cells of swine infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. using silver-methenamine staining, phosphotungstic acid staining and acid phosphatase enzyme cytochemical staining of ultra-thin sections, these bodies were shown to be virus-containing secondary lysosomes and residual bodies. the accumulation of ... | 1984 | 6320768 |
| the use of reference preparations in virus content testing of vaccines. | a series of virus content tests on newcastle disease, avian infectious bronchitis and marek's disease vaccines was carried out over a period of several years on commercial products together with a standard preparation of each virus. analysis of the results of marek's disease vaccine titrations revealed a good correlation between plaque count and the ratio obtained for the standard vaccine tested in parallel. expression in relation to a reference preparation is therefore of value to vaccine manuf ... | 1984 | 6321508 |
| coronavirus multiplication: locations of genes for virion proteins on the avian infectious bronchitis virus genome. | six overlapping viral rnas are synthesized in cells infected with the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). these rnas contain a 3'-coterminal nested sequence set and were assumed to be viral mrnas. the seven major ibv virion proteins are all produced by processing of three polypeptides of ca. 23, 51, and 115 kilodaltons. these are the core polypeptides of the small membrane proteins, the nucleocapsid protein, and the 155-kilodalton precursor to the large membrane proteins gp90 an ... | 1984 | 6321790 |
| vaccination of chickens with newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis vaccines administered singly and in combination. | the reactivity and immune response were determined in chickens following the administration of newcastle disease (nd) and infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccines given singly and in combination. when given singly, the ib component resulted in an earlier appearance of respiratory signs than when it was combined with nd vaccine. the intensity of the respiratory reaction appeared similar in each case, however. measured by virus-serum neutralization and from challenge with nd and ib viruses, no evidence ... | 1984 | 6322151 |
| effects of subtype variations in the holland strain of infectious bronchitis virus when applied as a vaccine. | massachusetts-type infectious bronchitis viruses (ibv) designated h120, from three sources, have been evaluated as vaccines. significant subtype variations were observed with the different vaccines based upon challenge virus infection and typical ib lesions induced where homologous and heterologous serotypes were used. in numerous cases, there was little agreement between challenge virus recovery from the respiratory tract and the presence or absence and severity of ib lesions. the study indicat ... | 1984 | 6324156 |
| avian mycoplasma infections: prototype of mixed infections with mycoplasmas, bacteria and viruses. | mixed infections involving mycoplasmas, viruses and bacteria are well recognized in chickens. synergism has been demonstrated between mycoplasma gallisepticum and the viruses of newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis and escherichia coli, although the outcome of infection is influenced by many factors associated with the host and the organisms. airsacculitis in broilers due to m. synoviae or m. gallinarum may be precipitated by concurrent respiratory virus infections including vaccine strai ... | 1984 | 6324630 |
| aetio-pathology of the fowl trachea early after inoculation with h52 infectious bronchitis virus. | 1984 | 6326435 | |
| rapid serological profiling by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. iii. simultaneous measurements of antibody titers to infectious bronchitis, infectious bursal disease, and newcastle disease viruses in a single serum dilution. | the present paper describes a method for measuring enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) antibody titers to infectious bronchitis (ib), infectious bursal disease (ibd), and newcastle disease (nd) viruses from a single serum dilution using the same assay procedures and analyses. a regression line equation generated for predicting ndv elisa antibody titers at a single serum dilution was successfully used to predict elisa antibody titers to ib and ibd antigen preparations at the same test sera ... | 1984 | 6326733 |
| further studies on the immunization of chickens with temperature-sensitive mycoplasma gallisepticum mutant. | newly hatched chickens were immunized with a temperature-sensitive (ts) mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) mutant (ts 100). immunized chickens resisted challenge with the virulent s6 strain. the dose of ts mg needed for protection was less than 3.3 x 10(4) colony-forming units. after immunization with ts 100, chickens were subjected to a variety of virus infection and immunosuppressive treatments. neonatal bursectomy or thymectomy, infectious bursal disease virus infection, and infectious bronchitis ... | 1984 | 6326734 |
| the effect on egg production of layers after vaccination with an inactivated infectious bronchitis (ib) oil emulsion vaccine on a multi-age layer farm in papua new guinea. | 1984 | 6329626 | |
| organization of the ibv genome. | 1984 | 6331104 | |
| dna sequencing studies of genomic cdna clones of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | 1984 | 6331112 | |
| structural characterization of ibv glycoproteins. | 1984 | 6331130 | |
| increased incidence of airsacculitis in broilers infected with mycoplasma synoviae and chicken-passaged infectious bronchitis vaccine virus. | infectious bronchitis vaccine virus is thought to cycle (i.e., pass from vaccine-virus-infected to susceptible chickens) in commercial broiler and pullet flocks. to simulate the effect of this cycling, mild infectious bronchitis vaccine virus was passaged in chickens serially six times. this sixth passage virus was used to infect chickens, which were then exposed to a moderately cold environment of 10 +/- 2 c and to mycoplasma synoviae. in two separate experiments, the chicken-passaged vaccine v ... | 1984 | 6331363 |
| influence of mycoplasma gallisepticum, infectious bronchitis, and cyclophosphamide on chickens protected by native intestinal microflora against salmonella typhimurium or escherichia coli. | chickens that have considerable resistance to salmonella typhimurium or escherichia coli infection by early development of a native intestinal microflora shed these bacteria following aerosol exposure to mycoplasma gallisepticum and/or infectious bronchitis virus. administration of cyclophosphamide to similarly treated chickens induced slight shedding of these bacteria, and the combination of cyclophosphamide and respiratory agents magnified the shedding rate. these agents also influenced the is ... | 1984 | 6331365 |
| observations on the preparation and stability of infectious bronchitis virus hemagglutination antigen from virus propagated in chicken embryos and chicken kidney cell cultures. | a total of 166 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) hemagglutination (ha) antigen preparations were made during a 30-month period from allanto-amnionic fluid (aaf) from chicken embryos inoculated with 10 different ibv strains (mass 41, conn 46, h52, florida 18288, ark 99, jmk, t, holte, ef, se17). antigens were prepared by inoculating 9- or 10-day-old embryos with 10(5.0) to 10(6.5) eid50 ibv, harvesting aaf after a 30-hour-postinoculation incubation, and phospholipase c (plc) treatment of virus co ... | 1984 | 6331366 |
| modification of three avian viruses passaged in chinese hamster lung cells (don) in pathogenicity to chicken embryo. | the beaudette 42 strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus, sato strain of newcastle disease virus, and uchida strain of avian reovirus were passaged in chinese hamster lung cells (don), and some properties were examined. the don-passaged strains showed a difference in replication in don and chicken embryo kidney cells in one-step growth curve examinations and a partial modification in pathogenicity to chicken embryos; nevertheless, neutralization tests revealed no serological alteration. | 1984 | 6331368 |
| growth of new zealand infectious bronchitis virus in cell cultures. | 1984 | 16031088 | |
| confirmation of the presence of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) using cloned dna complementary to the 3' terminus of the ibv genome. | a hybridisation test has been developed to aid the identification of virus isolates as avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) when serum neutralisation tests have proved inadequate. in this test nucleic acid prepared from four recent virus isolates suspected of being ibv hybridised with a 32p-radiolabelled cloned cdna (complementary dna) probe complementary to rna from ibv strain beaudette. since these strains represent one or more new serotypes they had not been identified by neutralisation te ... | 1984 | 18766825 |
| concurrence of nephrosis-nephritis due to infectious bronchitis virus and infectious bursal disease in broiler chickens. | a condition showing nephrosis-nephritis caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and atrophy of the bursa of fabricius attributable to infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) occurred with a mortality rate of 6.4%, 7.4% and 8.5% in young broiler chickens in three flocks on a poultry farm. eighteen birds from the outbreaks were studied histologically and ultra-structurally. nephrosis-nephritis appeared initially as degenerative changes of the convoluted tubules, followed by inflammatory reactio ... | 1984 | 18766836 |
| induction of humoral neutralising and haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody by the spike protein of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the spike (s), membrane (m) and nucleocapsid (n) proteins of avian infectious bronchitis virus strain m41 (ibv-m41) were separated by sucrose gradient sedimentation after dissociation of the virus by non-ionic detergent. groups of four chickens were inoculated intramuscularly with 20 microg of s, m or n in freund's complete adjuvant and at 4 and 7 weeks later with 20 microg, of s, m or n protein in freund's incomplete adjuvant. chickens were bled at 4, 7, 10 and 13 weeks after the first vaccinat ... | 1984 | 18766869 |
| the classification of new serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from poultry flocks in britain between 1981 and 1983. | between 1981 and 1983 10 isolations of infectious bronchitis (ib) virus were made from broiler chickens with respiratory infection and five from breeder chickens showing aberrant egg production. one isolate was serologically similar to an ib virus isolated in england in 1976; the remainder were related to three of the four serotypes of ib virus first isolated in the netherlands (davelaar et al., 1981). neutralising antibody to each of the four dutch serotypes of ib virus was widespread in the se ... | 1984 | 18766883 |
| serological comparison of new zealand and european strains of infectious bronchitis virus in tracheal organ cultures. | 1983 | 16030985 | |
| comparison of a microneutralisation test with elisa and precipitin tests for detection of antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus in chickens. | a microneutralisation test for infectious bronchitis virus using virus antigens available in australia, cell culture medium containing low concentrations of serum and an elevated incubation temperature is described. the technique was economical on reagents and of comparable sensitivity to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the value of the microneutralisation, elisa and precipitin tests in assessing the serological response of a flock of commercial chickens to vaccine and natural vir ... | 1983 | 6347166 |
| evaluation of the hemagglutination-inhibition test for measuring the response of chickens to avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccination. | an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) test was used to assay serum-antibody titers after ibv vaccination of ibv-susceptible specific-pathogen-free broilers and commercial layers. three-week-old broilers were vaccinated via eye-drop with ibv strains that represent the antigenic spectrum of commercial vaccines--holland, massachusetts 41 (41 ms), connecticut 46, florida 18288, or jmk strain--and revaccinated 3 weeks later with either the same or a heterologous strain ... | 1983 | 6189476 |
| [comparative serological studies of south german field isolates of hen infectious bronchitis virus and dutch variant strains d207, d3128 and d3896 in tracheal cultures]. | 1983 | 6196022 | |
| survey of respiratory diseases among chicken flocks in japan for avian infectious bronchitis by the neutralization test with embryo-adapted beaudette strain. | 1983 | 6200635 | |
| isolation of a new serotype of infectious bronchitis-like virus from chickens in england. | 1983 | 6298986 | |
| comparison of techniques for the detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus as a contaminant of vaccines. | techniques for detecting various levels of both field and vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus in a deliberately contaminated newcastle disease vaccine were compared using chick embryos, chick kidney cells, chick tracheal organ cultures and chickens with a view to determining the most appropriate method for screening vaccines for freedom from ibv contamination. techniques examined included detection of abnormalities and deaths in embryos, cytopathic effect in chick kidney cells, cilios ... | 1983 | 6300130 |
| homologous interference by avian infectious bronchitis virus, inhibition of plaque formation of the beaudette-42 strain by mixed inoculation with the kh strain. | inhibition of plaque formation by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) beaudette-42 (be-42) strain occurred in chick kidney cells with the inoculation of the same cell culture with the kh strain of ibv. for the complete inhibition of approximately 10(2) plaque-forming units (pfu) of the be-42 strain, at least 10(5) pfu of the kh strain was required. the kh strain would inhibit plaque formation by the be-42 strain if used as long as six hours after the inoculation of the be-42 strain. the inac ... | 1983 | 6300978 |
| coronavirus ibv glycopolypeptides: size of their polypeptide moieties and nature of their oligosaccharides. | analysis of differentially radiolabelled avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) indicated that the matrix (m) polypeptides of mol. wt. 23 x 10(3) (23k), 26k, 28k, 30k and 34k (m23 to m34) which have been shown to give the same peptide maps, differed in their degree of glycosylation; m23 was not glycosylated while glycosylation increased with increasing mol. wt. from m26 to m34. both glucosamine and mannose were components of m26 to m34 but [3h]fucose appeared to be associated mainly with m34. e ... | 1983 | 6302214 |
| effects of experimental infection of fowl with eds'76 virus, infectious bronchitis virus and/or fowl adenovirus on laying performance. | 1983 | 6302974 | |
| vaccination of day-old broilers against infectious bronchitis: effect of vaccine strain and route of administration. | nine groups of 10 one-day-old broiler chicks were vaccinated by eye-drop, coarse spray, or intratracheal instillation with combined newcastle disease-infectious bronchitis live vaccines containing the massachusetts (mass) 41, holland 120, or connecticut 46 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). chickens vaccinated with mass-41 or holland 120 were protected against challenge with a mass strain administered at 4 weeks of age. when immunity to the disease was evaluated by virus recovery, dete ... | 1983 | 6303288 |
| optimization of parameters for detecting antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: temporal response to vaccination and challenge with live virus. | critical parameters affecting sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were evaluated and optimized. the use of purified ibv as antigen at 50 ng protein/well and high-ionic-strength serum dilution buffer has resulted in a test with minimal nonspecific binding of chicken immunoglobulins and very high sensitivity. optimum conditions for serum dilution, conjugate dilution, and substrate incubation were determined for min ... | 1983 | 6303289 |
| [vaccination against infectious bronchitis in young chickens--carriers or not of maternal antibodies]. | the immunity to infectious bronchitis afforded by spray vaccination of mycoplasma free two days-old broilers with maternal antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus was tested by comparing zootechnical scores, clinical signs, macroscopical and microscopical changes, frequency of infectious bronchitis virus isolation following challenge at one, three and five weeks of age in vaccinated, unvaccinated, challenged and unchallenged birds. this vaccination gave a very good protection to infectious bro ... | 1983 | 6303682 |
| cell mediated and humoral immune response of chickens to inactivated oil-emulsion infectious bronchitis vaccine. | a lymphocyte transformation microassay was used to study cell mediated immunity (cmi) in chickens following primary and secondary vaccination with inactivated oil emulsion infectious bronchitis (ib) vaccine and subsequent challenge with massachusetts-41 (m-41). humoral immunity was monitored for comparison, using the haemagglutination inhibition (hi) microassay. positive stimulation indices (2 to 2.7 after primary and 2 to 4.8 after secondary vaccination) were lower and hi titres were higher tha ... | 1983 | 6304837 |
| ciliary activity: a criterion for associating resistance to infectious bronchitis virus infection with elisa antibody titer. | vaccination and challenge experiments using infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were conducted on groups of specific-pathogen-free chickens. three weeks post-vaccination with one of the four ibv strains used, chickens were challenged with the homologous immunizing strain of ibv. subsequently, the chickens were sacrificed, their tracheas were examined for ciliostasis, and the specific ibv antibody content of their sera was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). results showed that p ... | 1983 | 6307249 |
| coronavirus ibv: further evidence that the surface projections are associated with two glycopolypeptides. | the surface projections (peplomers) of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain m41 have been separated from the nucleocapsid (n) and matrix (m) proteins by sedimentation in a sucrose gradient after virus disruption by the non-ionic detergent nonidet p40. the peplomers comprised two glycopolypeptides of mol. wt. 90 x 10(3) (90k; s1) and 84k (s2), shown by analysis of differentially radiolabelled virus to be present in equimolar proportions. polypeptides of 75k and 110k, which were detected ... | 1983 | 6308136 |
| a standard technique for haemagglutination inhibition tests for antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis virus. | 1983 | 6310847 | |
| [comparative serological studies of south germany field isolates of chicken in infectious bronchitis virus and vaccine strains in tracheal cultures]. | 1983 | 6312956 | |
| the effect of route of infection and strain of virus on the pathology of australian infectious bronchitis. | the pathogenesis of infectious bronchitis in 4-week-old chickens was studied following administration of australian t strain of ibv by the aerosol, conjunctival, intranasal, in-contact and drinking water routes. infected birds showed similar patterns of clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions. while the birds infected by the aerosol route had earlier and slightly more severe respiratory tract disease it was concluded that the pathogenesis of infectious bronchitis virus nephritis was ... | 1983 | 6314963 |
| immune response of chickens to various routes of administration of australian infectious bronchitis vaccine. | groups of 100 two-week-old cockerels were vaccinated with the a3 strain of ib vaccine by conjunctival, intranasal, in-contact, drinking water, or aerosol routes, or were left as unvaccinated controls. three weeks after vaccination, each group of chickens was challenged with the appin strain of ibv. vaccination by the conjunctival, intranasal and in-contact routes induced a good resistance to challenge, concurring with an obvious stimulation of the harderian gland, while the drinking water route ... | 1983 | 6314964 |
| effect of environmental temperature on the mortality in vaccinated chickens after challenge with australian infectious bronchitis virus. | 1983 | 6314967 | |
| comparative sensitivities of oviduct and tracheal organ cultures and chicken embryo kidney cell cultures to infectious bronchitis virus. | in vitro studies with organ (oviduct and trachea) and chicken embryo kidney cell cultures were attempted to assess the pathogenicity of locally isolated infectious bronchitis virus (ibv-p:120) initially isolated from the oviduct of young chicks. in oviduct cultures infected with ibv, ciliary movements decreased as early as 24 hours postinoculation (pi), and on the 6th day ciliary movements ceased completely. cytopathic changes were also noticed. immunofluorescent antigen was detected from 1 to 6 ... | 1983 | 6314971 |
| prevalence of arkansas-type infectious bronchitis virus in delmarva peninsula chickens. | the prevalence of arkansas (ark)-type infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in delmarva peninsula broiler-type chickens was determined. the immunity of 5-to-11-week-old commercial broilers was evaluated by intraocular inoculation with ark-type dpi strain (ark dpi) challenge virus and collection of tracheal swabbings 5 days later. serum ark-type antibody titers were obtained using the virus-neutralization test. eighty-five flocks were tested from january to august 1981. nearly 60% of the flocks had s ... | 1983 | 6314974 |
| effect of serial embryo passage of an arkansas-type avian infectious bronchitis virus isolate on clinical response, virus recovery, and immunity. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) arkansas-type dpi strain (ark dpi) was attenuated by serial passage in chicken embryos. virus of passage 50 was less pathogenic for day-old maternally immune broiler-type chickens than virus of passage 10 or 25 as determined by clinical response to vaccination, virus isolation in respiratory (trachea) and nonrespiratory (kidney and cloaca) tissues, and weight-gain studies. chickens vaccinated with virus of passage 10, 25, or 50 were at least 80% resistant to hom ... | 1983 | 6314975 |
| comparison of whole blood dried on filter paper and serum for measurement of the temporal antibody response to avian infectious bronchitis virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | two methods for collecting specimens for measuring sequential antibody activity of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were compared. whole blood was collected on filter-paper strips, dried for 2 hr at 37 c, and then stored in plastic bags at 4 c or eluted overnight and tested immediately. eluates of whole blood were paired with serum samples and tested for ibv antibody activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) at four weekly intervals. both sampling methods yielded elisa antibody leve ... | 1983 | 6314980 |
| isolation of infectious bronchitis virus from pheasants. | 1983 | 6316620 | |
| comparison of the hemagglutination-inhibition test with the constant-virus diluting-serum microneutralization test for detecting antibody to avian infectious bronchitis virus. | an evaluation was made of the hemagglutination-inhibition test and the constant-virus diluting-serum microneutralization test, two serological techniques that are used in detecting antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis. the repeatabilities and sensitivities of both tests were similar. both tests compared favorably when testing high-titered antisera, but antibody titers detected varied when low-titered sera were used. | 1983 | 6316897 |
| coronavirus ibv: structural characterization of the spike protein. | the spike protein (s; surface projection) of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain m41 comprises two glycopolypeptides, s1 (mol. wt. 90 x 10(3] and s2 (mol. wt. 84 x 10(3], in equimolar proportions. the apparent mol. wt. of s was calculated as 354 (+/- 17) x 10(3) following co-sedimentation with catalase in sucrose gradients. incubation of radiolabelled ibv with urea resulted in the removal of most s1, but none of s2, from the virus particle. a similar result was obtained using low conc ... | 1983 | 6319549 |
| effects of avian viruses on cultured chicken bone-marrow-derived macrophages. | cultured chicken bone-marrow-derived macrophages have been assayed for their susceptibility to infection with various avian viruses. three criteria of infection were employed: (1) virus-induced alterations in cell morphology ; (2) presence of intracellular viral antigens detectable by immunofluorescence; (3) kinetics of virus release by infected macrophages. macrophages proved to be resistant to marek's disease virus (mdv), herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt-fc126), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) an ... | 1983 | 18766776 |
| presence of viral antigens and antibody in the trachea of chickens infected with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | following infection of chickens with infectious bronchitis virus (strain m41) viral antigens were detected by immunofluorescence in the basal layer of the tracheal mucosal epithelium for 44 days. the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) first detected virus-specific antibody in tracheal washes 7 days after infection and at 10 days these antibodies reached a level that was maintained for at least 44 days, although there was considerable variation between chickens. in contrast a neutralisatio ... | 1983 | 18766789 |
| immunity following inoculation of the h120 and h52 vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus into the crop of the domestic fowl. | the serological responses and protection associated with inoculation of the hi20 and h52 vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) into the trachea and directly into the crop of chickens were compared. intratracheal inoculation at 3 weeks of age with hi20 resulted in the moderate log2 haemagglutination inhibition (hi) titres of 6, previously found to be characteristic of this highly attenuated vaccine strain of ibv. more than 80% of these birds gave a positive reaction to the agar gel ... | 1983 | 18766795 |
| respiratory conditions of the fowl. | 1982 | 6313525 | |
| the pathogenesis of nephritis in chickens induced by infectious bronchitis virus. | 1982 | 6282945 | |
| structural analysis of virion proteins of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | we have found six major polypeptides in virions of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus grown in tissue culture: four glycoproteins, gp84, gp36, gp31, and gp28, and two non-glycosylated proteins, p51 and p23. in addition, we detected three minor species: two glycoproteins, gp90 and gp59, and one non-glycosylated protein, p14. two-dimensional tryptic peptide mapping showed that gp36, gp31, gp28, and p23 comprise a group of closely related proteins which we have designated the "p23 fa ... | 1982 | 6283141 |
| synthesis of coronavirus mrnas: kinetics of inactivation of infectious bronchitis virus rna synthesis by uv light. | infection of cells with the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus results in the synthesis of five major subgenomic rnas. these rnas and the viral genome form a 3' coterminal nested set. we found that the rates of inactivation of synthesis of the rnas by uv light were different and increased with the length of the transcript. these results show that each rna is transcribed from a unique promoter and that extensive processing of the primary transcripts probably does not occur. | 1982 | 6283182 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis (ib) virus is described. the immune response of chickens following vaccination with ib virus was monitored using this test, and the titers were compared with those obtained by serum neutralization. the elisa appears to be suitable for ib serology. | 1982 | 6284110 |
| the immune response of the chick following viral vaccinations and immunization with sheep red blood cells. | the effects of viral vaccinations and immunization with sheep red blood cells (srbc) on the humoral response of pullets were investigated. pullets were vaccinated with marek's disease virus, newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and infectious bursal disease virus at appropriate ages used in commercial practice. at seven weeks, the pullets were intramuscularly immunized with srbc. ndv and ibv antibodies were detected by hemagglutination-inhibition tests. hemagglutinat ... | 1982 | 6284114 |
| types of avian infectious bronchitis strains isolated in quebec. | between 1976 and 1980, 24 isolates of infectious bronchitis virus were obtained from quebec flocks. the serological classification of these isolates was demonstrated by cross neutralization tests using antisera to 13 different reference virus strains. of the 24 isolates, ten were identified as connecticut, six holland and one se-17 types. seven strains did not react with any of the specific antisera. | 1982 | 6284325 |
| [cultivation of various avian viruses in pheasant trachea organ cultures and chick embryos]. | stationary tracheal organ cultures of pheasants and chick embryos, treated with a mucolytic agent were used to study the ciliostatic effect of the following viruses: fowl pest (fpv), newcastle disease (ndv), infections laryngotracheitis (ilv), and infections bronchitis (ibv) - strain beaudette. in chick embryo tracheal cultures ciliostasis was found to set in as follows: for fpv - at the 24th hour; for ndv - at the 72nd-120th hour; for ilv - at the 168-192nd hour; and for ibv-at the 72nd-96th ho ... | 1982 | 6287709 |
| infectious bronchitis haemagglutination inhibition test. | 1982 | 6289507 | |
| [the effect of isolated rearing and frequency of vaccinations on the development of humoral immunity to newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis]. | 1982 | 6291193 | |
| preparing hemagglutinating antigen from isolates of infectious bronchitis virus. | the hemagglutinating (ha) activity of 14 strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was investigated. the optimal conditions for ibv antigen preparation include inoculation of 10- or 11-day-old specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs and incubation for 30 hours at 37 c. embryos were inoculated via the allantoic cavity with 0.1 ml of a low embryonic passage of the virus (10(7) to 10(8) eid50/ml). allantoic fluid was harvested and pooled, and a 100-fold concentration of virus particles was achie ... | 1982 | 6293442 |
| coronavirus proteins: biogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis virus virion proteins. | we examined the synthesis of viral structural proteins in cultured cells infected with the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. tryptic peptide mapping was used to determine the structural relationships of the intracellular proteins to the virion polypeptides. pulse-chase experiments were performed to identify precursors to the virus-specific proteins. we found that the nucleocapsid protein, p51, and the small viral membrane proteins gp31, gp28, and p23 do not undergo post-translationa ... | 1982 | 6294329 |
| coronavirus proteins: structure and function of the oligosaccharides of the avian infectious bronchitis virus glycoproteins. | the recent finding that the e1 glycoproteins of murine coronaviruses contain only o-linked oligosaccharides suggested that this unusual modification might be a distinguishing feature of coronaviruses and might play an essential role in the life cycle of this family of viruses. to examine these possibilities, we analyzed the oligosaccharide moieties of the membrane proteins of the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. in addition, we determined the effect of inhibiting the glycosylation ... | 1982 | 6294330 |
| [storage and preservation of antigen for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the detection of antibodies against chicken bronchitis virus]. | 1982 | 6295360 | |
| influence of infectious bronchitis strains and vaccines on the incidence of mycoplasma synoviae airsacculitis. | a model system was used to study infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and mycoplasma synoviae (ms) interaction. the system involved exposure of chickens to ibv, followed by exposure to ms 2-5 days later. the chickens were subjected to a cold environment (10 +/- 2 c) for 3 weeks starting one day before ms exposure. under these conditions, differences in the capacity of various strains of ibv to exacerbate ms airsacculitis was demonstrated. exposure to ibv field isolates generally resulted in more ai ... | 1982 | 6297445 |
| evaluation of ciliary movement in tracheal rings to assess immunity against infectious bronchitis virus. | chickens vaccinated at one and 14 days of age with a live vaccine containing the massachusetts and connecticut strains of infectious bronchitis virus were protected against challenge with a massachusetts strain administered at 5 weeks of age. the virus recovery method in which tracheal swabs taken 4 days post-challenge were used to inoculate chicken embryos was compared with the method based on ciliary activity in tracheal explants. the results showed that evaluation of ciliary activity effectiv ... | 1982 | 6297446 |
| comparison of ciliary activity and virus recovery from tracheas of chickens and humoral immunity after inoculation with serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus. | cross-protection tests with homologous and heterologous serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were used to compare ciliary activity and virus recovery from tracheas of chickens. validation of this technique included correlating the neutralization indices of antiserum obtained from some infected birds. chickens were inoculated intratracheally with either the jmk or connecticut (conn) serotype of ibv. three weeks later, infected and uninfected groups were challenged by the same route with ... | 1982 | 6297448 |
| antigenic variation of avian infectious bronchitis virus during replication in bhk-21 cells. | 1982 | 6181761 | |
| interferon induction by avian infectious bronchitis virus in chickens. | 1982 | 6182331 | |
| serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolates from field cases in japan. | eight etiologic agents isolated from field cases in japan were identified as isolates of infectious bronchitis virus by agar-gel diffusion, buoyant-density determination on sucrose-density centrifugation, and morphological study by electron microscope of the purified viruses. in studies of the antigenic relationships of the eight isolates and six known infectious bronchitis viruses, antigenic diversity of these viruses was recognized from the degrees of relatedness using a plaque reduction in th ... | 1982 | 6186239 |
| a study on the synthesis and secretion of immunoglobulins by the jarderian gland of the fowl after eyedrop vaccination against infectious bronchitis at 1-day-old. | one-day-old chickens with maternally derived antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were vaccinated against ib by eye-drop. at 2 and 3 weeks of age the synthesis of immunoglobulins of the iga isotype in the harderian gland was demonstrated by immunofluorescence. with an anti igg conjugate diffuse fluorescence of igg was observed in the gland at 2, 3 and 4 weeks of age. involvement of the harderian gland in the synthesis or the secretion of igm after ib vaccination could not be demonstra ... | 1982 | 18770173 |
| [evaluation of post-vaccinal immunity against infectious bronchitis in chickens reared conventionally: comparative study of four serological techniques]. | four tests (agar gel precipitin, seroneutralisation alpha, seroneutralisation beta, and haemagglutination-inhibition) were used to detect antibodies to avian infectious bronchitis from 3 weeks to 40 weeks of age in four breeder flocks which were given four different vaccination programmes against infectious bronchitis. during the rearing period to 20-22 weeks of age, birds were kept on the ground in isolation. then, most of them were housed conventionally during the laying period except for 25 b ... | 1982 | 18770185 |
| field observations on serological responses to vaccine strains of infectious bronchitis virus administered by coarse spray and via the drinking water. | the agar gel precipitin (agp) and haemagglutination inhibition (hi) responses to vaccination with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were investigated in three flocks. the vaccines were administered by coarse spray in one large flock of commercial layers and via the drinking water in two smaller flocks of broiler breeders. in two flocks, one vaccinated by coarse spray and one vaccinated via the drinking water, the chicks had high levels of maternal antibody and failed to respond serologically to ... | 1982 | 18770219 |
| immune responses of chickens to ib vaccines. | 1981 | 6261436 | |
| survival of viruses in fermented edible waste material. | the survival of selected viruses in fermented edible waste material was studied to determine the feasibility of using this material as a livestock feed ingredient. seven viruses, including pseudorabies, newcastle disease, infectious canine hepatitis, avian infectious bronchitis, measles, vesicular stomatitis, and a porcine picornavirus were inoculated into a mixture of ground food waste (collected from a school lung program) containing lactobacillus acidophilus. mixtures were incubated at 5 c, 1 ... | 1981 | 6261622 |
| antigen requirements and specificity of a microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detecting infectious bronchitis viral antibodies in chicken serum. | the conditions of a rapid, indirect-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antibodies have been established. optimal sensitivity was obtained using 10 micrograms/ml protein concentration of the mass 41 strain purified from infected allantoic fluid. specificity was demonstrated with newcastle disease virus (ndv) antigen-antibody system. negligible crossreactions were observed. after bromelain or lipase treatment ibv had an elisa reactivity similar to untreated par ... | 1981 | 6165342 |
| an immunoelectron microscopic and immunofluorescent study on the antigenic relationship between the coronavirus-like agent, cv 777, and several coronaviruses. | a possible antigenic relationship between the porcine enteropathogenic coronavirus-like agent (cvla) and 6 known coronaviruses was examined by immunoelectron microscopy (iem) and by immunofluorescence (if). cvla did not show cross reactivity with infectious bronchitis virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), canine coronavirus (ccv) hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (hev), neonatal calf diarrhea coronavirus (ncdcv) or feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv). antigenic relatio ... | 1981 | 6166280 |