Publications

filarial infection influences mosquito behaviour and fecundity.	understanding vector-parasite interactions is increasingly important as we move towards the endpoint goals set by the global programme for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (gpelf), as interaction dynamics may change with reduced transmission pressure. elimination models used to predict programmatic endpoints include parameters for vector-specific transmission dynamics, despite the fact that our knowledge of the host-seeking behaviour of filariasis infected mosquitoes is lacking. we observ ...	2016	27796352
cgdb: a database of circadian genes in eukaryotes.	we report a database of circadian genes in eukaryotes (cgdb, http://cgdb.biocuckoo.org), containing ∼73 000 circadian-related genes in 68 animals, 39 plants and 41 fungi. circadian rhythm is ∼24 h rhythm in behavioral and physiological processes that exists in almost all organisms on the earth. defects in the circadian system are highly associated with a number of diseases such as cancers. although several databases have been established for rhythmically expressed genes, a comprehensive database ...	2016	27789706
conserved chemosensory proteins in the proboscis and eyes of lepidoptera.	odorant-binding proteins (obps) and chemosensory proteins (csps) are endowed with several different functions besides being carriers for pheromones and odorants. based on a previous report of a csp acting as surfactant in the proboscis of the moth helicoverpa armigera, we revealed the presence of orthologue proteins in two other moths plutella xylostella and chilo suppressalis, as well as two butterflies papilio machaon and pieris rapae, using immunodetection and proteomic analysis. the unusual ...	2016	27877091
juvenile hormone regulation of female reproduction in the common bed bug, cimex lectularius.	to begin studies on reproduction in common bed bug, cimex lectularius, we identified three genes coding for vitellogenin (vg, a protein required for the reproductive success of insects) and studied their hormonal regulation. rna interference studied showed that expression of vg3 gene in the adult females is a prerequisite for successful completion of embryogenesis in the eggs laid by them. juvenile hormone (jh) receptor, methoprene-tolerant (met), steroid receptor coactivator (src) and gataa but ...	2016	27762340
rna interference in moths: mechanisms, applications, and progress.	the vast majority of lepidopterans, about 90%, are moths. some moths, particularly their caterpillars, are major agricultural and forestry pests in many parts of the world. however, some other members of moths, such as the silkworm bombyx mori, are famous for their economic value. fire et al. in 1998 initially found that exogenous double-stranded rna (dsrna) can silence the homolog endogenous mrna in organisms, which is called rna interference (rnai). soon after, the rnai technique proved to be ...	2016	27775569
identification of aedes aegypti long intergenic non-coding rnas and their association with wolbachia and dengue virus infection.	long intergenic non-coding rnas (lincrnas) are appearing as an important class of regulatory rnas with a variety of biological functions. the aim of this study was to identify the lincrna profile in the dengue vector aedes aegypti and evaluate their potential role in host-pathogen interaction. the majority of previous rna-seq transcriptome studies in ae. aegypti have focused on the expression pattern of annotated protein coding genes under different biological conditions. here, we used 35 public ...	2016	27760142
open questions: how does wolbachia do what it does?	a common symbiont of insects, the bacterium wolbachia has been implicated in phenomena as diverse as sex determination, pathogen defence and speciation and is being used in public health programs to prevent mosquitoes transmitting disease. despite decades of research, we know remarkably little about how it exerts its effects.	2016	27760540
perplexing metabolomes in fungal-insect trophic interactions: a terra incognita of mycobiocontrol mechanisms.	the trophic interactions of entomopathogenic fungi in different ecological niches viz., soil, plants, or insect themselves are effectively regulated by their maneuvered metabolomes and the plethora of metabotypes. in this article, we discuss a holistic framework of co-evolutionary metabolomes and metabotypes to model the interactions of biocontrol fungi especially with mycosed insects. conventionally, the studies involving fungal biocontrol mechanisms are reported in the context of much aggrandi ...	2016	27807434
cloning and expression of ecdysone receptor and retinoid x receptor from procambarus clarkii: induction by eyestalk ablation.	ecdysone receptor and retinoid x receptor are key regulators in molting. here, full length ecdysone receptor (pcecr) and retinoid x receptor (pcrxr) cdnas from procambarus clarkii were cloned. full length cdna of pcecr has 2500 bp, encoding 576 amino acid proteins, and full length cdna of pcrxr has 2593 bp, in which a 15 bp and a 204 bp insert/deletion splice variant regions in dna binding domain and hinge domain were identified. the two splice variant regions in pcrxr result four isoforms: pcrx ...	2016	27763563
morphological and transcriptomic analysis of a beetle chemosensory system reveals a gnathal olfactory center.	the red flour beetle tribolium castaneum is an emerging insect model organism representing the largest insect order, coleoptera, which encompasses several serious agricultural and forest pests. despite the ecological and economic importance of beetles, most insect olfaction studies have so far focused on dipteran, lepidopteran, or hymenopteran systems.	2016	27751175
bacillus thuringiensis cyt2aa2 toxin disrupts cell membranes by forming large protein aggregates.	bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cyt2aa2 showed toxicity against dipteran insect larvae and in vitro lysis activity on several cells. it has potential applications in the biological control of insect larvae. although pore-forming and/or detergent-like mechanisms were proposed, the mechanism underlying cytolytic activity remains unclear. analysis of the haemolytic activity of cyt2aa2 with osmotic stabilizers revealed partial toxin inhibition, suggesting a distinctive mechanism from the putative pore f ...	2016	27612497
haemocoel injection of pira1b1 to galleria mellonella larvae leads to disruption of the haemocyte immune functions.	the bacterium photorhabdus luminescens produces a number of insecticidal proteins to kill its larval prey. in this study, we cloned the gene coding for a binary toxin pira1b1 and purified the recombinant protein using affinity chromatography combined with desalination technology. furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the recombinant protein against the haemocytes of galleria mellonella larvae was investigated. we found that the protein had haemocoel insecticidal activity against g. mellonella with an ...	2016	27734915
time-lagging interplay effect and excess risk of meteorological/mosquito parameters and petrochemical gas explosion on dengue incidence.	in kaohsiung, a metropolitan city in taiwan at high risk of dengue epidemic, weather factors combined with an accidental petrochemical gas explosion (pge) may affect mosquito‒human dynamics in 2014. generalized estimating equations with lagged-time poisson regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of meteorological/mosquito parameters and pge on dengue incidences (2000-2014) in kaohsiung. increased minimum temperatures rendered a 2- and 3-month lagging interactive effect on higher den ...	2016	27733774
expanding the knowledge on lignocellulolytic and redox enzymes of worker and soldier castes from the lower termite coptotermes gestroi.	termites are considered one of the most efficient decomposers of lignocelluloses on earth due to their ability to produce, along with its microbial symbionts, a repertoire of carbohydrate-active enzymes (cazymes). recently, a set of pro-oxidant, antioxidant, and detoxification enzymes (pad) were also correlated with the metabolism of carbohydrates and lignin in termites. the lower termite coptotermes gestroi is considered the main urban pest in brazil, causing damage to wood constructions. recen ...	2016	27790186
effects of a novel β-lapachone derivative on trypanosoma cruzi: parasite death involving apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis.	natural products comprise valuable sources for new antiparasitic drugs. here we tested the effects of a novel β-lapachone derivative on trypanosoma cruzi parasite survival and proliferation and used microscopy and cytometry techniques to approach the mechanism(s) underlying parasite death. the selectivity index determination indicate that the compound trypanocidal activity was over ten-fold more cytotoxic to epimastigotes than to macrophages or splenocytes. scanning electron microscopy analysis ...	2016	27770751
eukaryotic association module in phage wo genomes from wolbachia.	viruses are trifurcated into eukaryotic, archaeal and bacterial categories. this domain-specific ecology underscores why eukaryotic viruses typically co-opt eukaryotic genes and bacteriophages commonly harbour bacterial genes. however, the presence of bacteriophages in obligate intracellular bacteria of eukaryotes may promote dna transfers between eukaryotes and bacteriophages. here we report a metagenomic analysis of purified bacteriophage wo particles of wolbachia and uncover a eukaryotic asso ...	2016	27727237
infection with plasmodium berghei ookinetes alters protein expression in the brain of anopheles albimanus mosquitoes.	the behaviour of anopheles spp. mosquitoes, vectors for plasmodium parasites, plays a crucial role in the propagation of malaria to humans. consequently, it is important to understand how the behaviour of these mosquitoes is influenced by the interaction between the brain and immunological status. the nervous system is intimately linked to the immune and endocrine systems. there is evidence that the malaria parasite alters the function of these systems upon infecting the mosquito. although there ...	2016	27724938
darwin's finches treat their feathers with a natural repellent.	darwin's finches are highly innovative. recently we recorded for the first time a behavioural innovation in darwin's finches outside the foraging context: individuals of four species rubbed leaves of the endemic tree psidium galapageium on their feathers. we hypothesised that this behaviour serves to repel ectoparasites and tested the repellency of p. galapageium leaf extracts against parasites that negatively affect the fitness of darwin's finches, namely mosquitoes and the invasive hematophago ...	2016	27721475
transcriptome comparison analysis of ostrinia furnacalis in four developmental stages.	the asian corn borer, ostrinia furnacalis, is one of the most destructive pests of maize and causes huge losses in maize yield each year. in order to characterize the different developmental stages, a high-throughput sequencing platform was employed to perform de novo transcriptome assembly and gene expression analysis for the egg, larva, pupa and adult stages. approximately 185 million reads were obtained, trimmed, and assembled into 42,638 unigenes with an average length of 801.94 bp and an n5 ...	2016	27713521
glycoside hydrolases family 20 (gh20) represent putative virulence factors that are shared by animal pathogenic oomycetes, but are absent in phytopathogens.	although interest in animal pathogenic oomycetes is increasing, the molecular basis mediating oomycete-animal relationships remains virtually unknown. crinkler (crn) genes, which have been traditionally associated with the cytotoxic activity displayed by plant pathogenic oomycetes, were recently detected in transcriptome sequences from the entomopathogenic oomycete lagenidium giganteum, suggesting that these genes may represent virulence factors conserved in both animal and plant pathogenic oomy ...	2016	27716041
genetic analysis of aedes aegypti using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers from dengue outbreaks in pakistan.	keeping in view the havoc situation of dengue fever in pakistan, the current study was designed to demonstrate the genetic variations, gene flow and rate of migration from lahore and faisalabad.	2016	28032107
transcriptome response to elevated atmospheric co2 concentration in the formosan subterranean termite, coptotermes formosanus shiraki (isoptera: rhinotermitidae).	carbon dioxide (co2) is a pervasive chemical stimulus that plays a critical role in insect life, eliciting behavioral and physiological responses across different species. high co2 concentration is a major feature of termite nests, which may be used as a cue for locating their nests. termites also survive under an elevated co2 concentration. however, the mechanism by which elevated co2 concentration influences gene expression in termites is poorly understood.	2016	27761326
a genome-wide identification and analysis of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors in brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens.	the basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) transcription factors in insects play essential roles in multiple developmental processes including neurogenesis, sterol metabolism, circadian rhythms, organogenesis and formation of olfactory sensory neurons. the identification and function analysis of bhlh family members of the most destructive insect pest of rice, nilaparvata lugens, may provide novel tools for pest management. here, a genome-wide survey for bhlh sequences identified 60 bhlh sequences (nlbhlh ...	2016	27869716
analyses of density-dependent effects are needed to understand how and when wolbachia can control dengue vectors.	releases of wolbachia-infected mosquitoes have been shown to be an effective method of controlling aedes aegypti, the main vector of dengue fever, in australia. a study in bmc biology from penelope hancock and others shows that incorporation of density-dependent effects into population models can provide major improvements in understanding how and when the infected populations can become established.see research article: https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-016-0319-5 .	2016	27863487
wolbachia-based dengue virus inhibition is not tissue-specific in aedes aegypti.	dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus (denv), is now the most common arbovirus transmitted disease globally. one novel approach to control denv is to use the endosymbiotic bacterium, wolbachia pipientis, to limit denv replication inside the primary mosquito vector, aedes aegypti. wolbachia that is naturally present in a range of insects reduces the capacity for viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi to replicate inside insects. wolbachia's mode of action is not well understood but may involve ...	2016	27855218
screening of fungi for biological control of a triatomine vector of chagas disease: temperature and trypanosome infection as factors.	entomopathogenic fungi have been investigated as an alternative tool for controlling various insects, including triatomine vectors of the protozoan trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of chagas disease. here we tested the pathogenicity and virulence of ten isolates of the fungi metarhizium spp. and beauveria bassiana against rhodnius prolixus and found all of the isolates to be virulent. we used two isolates (urpe-11 metarhizium anisopliae and ent-1 beauveria bassiana) for further screening ...	2016	27855217
rnai efficiency, systemic properties, and novel delivery methods for pest insect control: what we know so far.	in recent years, the research on the potential of using rna interference (rnai) to suppress crop pests has made an outstanding growth. however, given the variability of rnai efficiency that is observed in many insects, the development of novel approaches toward insect pest management using rnai requires first to unravel factors behind the efficiency of dsrna-mediated gene silencing. in this review, we explore essential implications and possibilities to increase rnai efficiency by delivery of dsr ...	2016	27909411
mitigating the risk of transfusion-transmitted dengue in australia.	dengue viruses (denv 1-4) are a risk to transfusion safety, with several transfusion-transmitted (tt) cases reported globally. denv 1-4 are endemic in over 100 countries, with seasonal outbreaks occurring in northeastern australia. to mitigate tt-denv risk in australia, fresh blood components are not manufactured from donors returning from any area (domestic/overseas) with known dengue transmission. alternatively, tt-denv risk may be mitigated using an appropriate blood donor screening assay. we ...	2016	27957384
cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of croton argyrophylloides in normotensive rats: role of the autonomic nervous system.	cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of croton argyrophylloides muell. arg. (eoca) were investigated in normotensive rats. in saline-pretreated anesthetized or conscious rats, intravenous (i.v.) injection of the eoca induced dose-dependent hypotension. dose-dependent tachycardia was observed only in conscious rats. in anesthetized rats, cervical bivagotomy failed to enhance eoca-induced hypotension but unmasked significant bradycardia. in conscious rats, i.v. pretreatment with methylatrop ...	2016	27956919
effects of periplocoside p from periploca sepium on the midgut transmembrane potential of mythimna separata larvae.	periplocoside p (psp) isolated from the root bark of periploca sepium contains a pregnane glycoside skeleton and possesses high insecticidal properties. preliminary studies indicated that psp disrupts epithelial functions in the midgut of lepidopteran larvae. in the present study, we examined the effects of psp on the apical and basolateral membrane voltages, va and vbl, respectively, of cells from (1) midguts isolated from the larvae of the oriental armyworm mythimna separata that were in vitro ...	2016	27833169
inducing cold-sensitivity in the frigophilic fly drosophila montana by rnai.	cold acclimation is a critical physiological adaptation for coping with seasonal cold. by increasing their cold tolerance individuals can remain active for longer at the onset of winter and can recover more quickly from a cold shock. in insects, despite many physiological studies, little is known about the genetic basis of cold acclimation. recently, transcriptomic analyses in drosophila virilis and d. montana revealed candidate genes for cold acclimation by identifying genes upregulated during ...	2016	27832122
temporal and spatial evolution of dengue incidence in brazil, 2001-2012.	in brazil, the incidence of dengue greatly increased in the last two decades and there are several factors impeding the control of the disease. the present study focused on describing the space-time evolution of dengue in brazil from 2001 to 2012 and analyzing the relationship of the reported cases with socio-demographic and environmental factors.	2016	27832129
factors influencing infection and transmission of anopheles gambiae densovirus (agdnv) in mosquitoes.	anopheles gambiae densovirus (agdnv) is a potential microbial agent for paratransgenesis and gene transduction in an. gambiae, the major vector of human malaria in sub-saharan africa. understanding the interaction between agdnv and an. gambiae is critical for using agdnv in a basic and applied manner for anopheles gene manipulation. here, we tested the effects of mosquito age, sex, blood feeding status, and potential for horizontal transmission using an enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) ...	2016	27867767
dengue with a morbilliform rash and a positive tourniquet test.		2016	27872891
immunization with brugia malayi myosin as heterologous dna prime protein boost induces protective immunity against b. malayi infection in mastomys coucha.	the current control strategies employing chemotherapy with diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin and albendazole have reduced transmission in some filaria-endemic areas, there is growing interest for complementary approaches, such as vaccines especially in light of threat of parasite developing resistance to mainstay drugs. we earlier demonstrated recombinant heavy chain myosin of b. malayi (bm-myo) as a potent vaccine candidate whose efficacy was enhanced by heterologous dna prime/protein boost (myo-p ...	2016	27828973
predicting wolbachia invasion dynamics in aedes aegypti populations using models of density-dependent demographic traits.	arbovirus transmission by the mosquito aedes aegypti can be reduced by the introduction and establishment of the endosymbiotic bacteria wolbachia in wild populations of the vector. wolbachia spreads by increasing the fitness of its hosts relative to uninfected mosquitoes. however, mosquito fitness is also strongly affected by population size through density-dependent competition for limited food resources. we do not understand how this natural variation in fitness affects symbiont spread, which ...	2016	27825343
spermatogenesis drives rapid gene creation and masculinization of the x chromosome in stalk-eyed flies (diopsidae).	throughout their evolutionary history, genomes acquire new genetic material that facilitates phenotypic innovation and diversification. developmental processes associated with reproduction are particularly likely to involve novel genes. abundant gene creation impacts the evolution of chromosomal gene content and general regulatory mechanisms such as dosage compensation. numerous studies in model organisms have found complex and, at times contradictory, relationships among these genomic attribute ...	2016	26951781
rna sequencing to characterize transcriptional changes of sexual maturation and mating in the female oriental fruit fly bactrocera dorsalis.	female reproductive potential plays a significant role in the survival and stability of species, and sexual maturation and mating processes are crucial. however, our knowledge of the reproductive genes involved in sexual maturation and mating has been largely limited to model organisms. the oriental fruit fly bactrocera dorsalis is a highly invasive agricultural pest, known to cause major economic losses; thus, it is of great value to understand the transcriptional changes involved in sexual mat ...	2016	26946038
identification of autophagy in the pine wood nematode bursaphelenchus xylophilus and the molecular characterization and functional analysis of two novel autophagy-related genes, bxatg1 and bxatg8.	the pine wood nematode, bursaphelenchus xylophilus, causes huge economic losses in pine forests, has a complex life cycle, and shows the remarkable ability to survive under unfavorable and changing environmental conditions. this ability may be related to autophagy, which is still poorly understood in b. xylophilus and no autophagy-related genes have been previously characterized. in this study, transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm that autophagy exists in b. xylophilus. the full- ...	2016	26950119
distribution of voltage-gated sodium channel (nav) alleles among the aedes aegypti populations in central java province and its association with resistance to pyrethroid insecticides.	the emergence of insecticide resistant aedes aegypti mosquitoes has hampered dengue control efforts. who susceptibility tests, using several pyrethroid compounds, were conducted on ae. aegypti larvae that were collected and raised to adulthood from semarang, surakarta, kudus and jepara in java. the aanav gene fragment encompassing kdr polymorphic sites from both susceptible and resistant mosquitoes was amplified, and polymorphisms were associated with the resistant phenotype. the insecticide sus ...	2016	26939002
spatial and temporal epidemiology of lumpy skin disease in the middle east, 2012-2015.	lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) is an infectious disease of cattle that can have severe economic implications. new lsd outbreaks are currently circulating in the middle east (me). since 2012, severe outbreaks were reported in cattle across the region. characterizing the spatial and temporal dynamics of lsdv in cattle populations is prerequisite for guiding successful surveillance and control efforts at a regional level in the me. here, we aim to model the ecological niche of lsdv and identify ep ...	2016	26973845
multiple evolutionary selections involved in synonymous codon usages in the streptococcus agalactiae genome.	streptococcus agalactiae is an important human and animal pathogen. to better understand the genetic features and evolution of s. agalactiae, multiple factors influencing synonymous codon usage patterns in s. agalactiae were analyzed in this study. a- and u-ending rich codons were used in s. agalactiae function genes through the overall codon usage analysis, indicating that adenine (a)/thymine (t) compositional constraints might contribute an important role to the synonymous codon usage pattern. ...	2016	26927064
a disease around the corner.		2016	26981335
a primary screening and applying of plant volatiles as repellents to control whitefly bemisia tabaci (gennadius) on tomato.	with the goal of finding a new way to reduce population densities of bemisia tabaci biotype q in greenhouses, seven repellent volatile chemicals and their combinations were screened. the mixture of dlco (d-limonene, citral and olive oil (63:7:30)) had a better cost performance(sc50 = 22.59 mg/ml)to repel whiteflies from settling than the other mixtures or single chemicals. in the greenhouse, in both the choice test and the no-choice tests, the number of adult whiteflies that settled on 1% dlco-t ...	2016	26907368
changes in the physicochemical properties of piperine/β-cyclodextrin due to the formation of inclusion complexes.	piperine (pp) is a pungent component in black pepper that possesses useful biological activities; however it is practically insoluble in water. the aim of the current study was to prepare a coground mixture (gm) of pp and β-cyclodextrin (βcd) (molar ratio of pp/βcd = 1/1) and subsequently evaluate the solubility of pp and physicochemical properties of the gm. dsc thermal behavior of the gm showed the absence of melting peak of piperine. pxrd profile of the gm exhibited halo pattern and no charac ...	2016	26998357
insight into the mode of action of haedoxan a from phryma leptostachya.	haedoxan a (ha) is a major active ingredient in the herbaceous perennial plant lopseed (phryma leptostachya l.), which is used as a natural insecticide against insect pests in east asia. here, we report that ha delayed the decay rate of evoked excitatory junctional potentials (ejps) and increased the frequency of miniature ejps (mejps) on the drosophila neuromuscular junction. ha also caused a significant hyperpolarizing shift of the voltage dependence of fast inactivation of insect sodium chann ...	2016	26907348
chemical diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hares of aplysia genus.	the marine environment is an important source of structurally-diverse and biologically-active secondary metabolites. during the last two decades, thousands of compounds were discovered in marine organisms, several of them having inspired the development of new classes of therapeutic agents. marine mollusks constitute a successful phyla in the discovery of new marine natural products (mnps). over a 50-year period from 1963, 116 genera of mollusks contributed innumerous compounds, aplysia being th ...	2016	26907303
developing a time series predictive model for dengue in zhongshan, china based on weather and guangzhou dengue surveillance data.	dengue is a re-emerging infectious disease of humans, rapidly growing from endemic areas to dengue-free regions due to favorable conditions. in recent decades, guangzhou has again suffered from several big outbreaks of dengue; as have its neighboring cities. this study aims to examine the impact of dengue epidemics in guangzhou, china, and to develop a predictive model for zhongshan based on local weather conditions and guangzhou dengue surveillance information.	2016	26894570
differential juvenile hormone variations in scale insect extreme sexual dimorphism.	scale insects have evolved extreme sexual dimorphism, as demonstrated by sedentary juvenile-like females and ephemeral winged males. this dimorphism is established during the post-embryonic development; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms have not yet been examined. we herein assessed the role of juvenile hormone (jh) on the diverging developmental pathways occurring in the male and female japanese mealybug planococcus kraunhiae (kuwana). we provide, for the first time, detailed gene e ...	2016	26894583
transcriptome analysis and discovery of genes relevant to development in bradysia odoriphaga at three developmental stages.	bradysia odoriphaga (diptera: sciaridae) is the most important pest of chinese chive (allium tuberosum) in asia; however, the molecular genetics are poorly understood. to explore the molecular biological mechanism of development, illumina sequencing and de novo assembly were performed in the third-instar, fourth-instar, and pupal b. odoriphaga. the study resulted in 16.2 gb of clean data and 47,578 unigenes (≥125 bp) contained in 7,632,430 contigs, 46.21% of which were annotated from non-redunda ...	2016	26891450
establishment of a wolbachia superinfection in aedes aegypti mosquitoes as a potential approach for future resistance management.	wolbachia pipientis is an endosymbiotic bacterium estimated to chronically infect between 40-75% of all arthropod species. aedes aegypti, the principle mosquito vector of dengue virus (denv), is not a natural host of wolbachia. the transinfection of wolbachia strains such as walbb, wmel and wmelpop-cla into ae. aegypti has been shown to significantly reduce the vector competence of this mosquito for a range of human pathogens in the laboratory. this has led to wmel-transinfected ae. aegypti curr ...	2016	26891349
deep rna-seq profile reveals biodiversity, plant-microbe interactions and a large family of nbs-lrr resistance genes in walnut (juglans regia) tissues.	deep rna-seq profiling, a revolutionary method used for quantifying transcriptional levels, often includes non-specific transcripts from other co-existing organisms in spite of stringent protocols. using the recently published walnut genome sequence as a filter, we present a broad analysis of the rna-seq derived transcriptome profiles obtained from twenty different tissues to extract the biodiversity and possible plant-microbe interactions in the walnut ecosystem in california. since the residua ...	2016	26883051
large-scale modelling of the environmentally-driven population dynamics of temperate aedes albopictus (skuse).	the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, is a highly invasive vector species. it is a proven vector of dengue and chikungunya viruses, with the potential to host a further 24 arboviruses. it has recently expanded its geographical range, threatening many countries in the middle east, mediterranean, europe and north america. here, we investigate the theoretical limitations of its range expansion by developing an environmentally-driven mathematical model of its population dynamics. we focus on t ...	2016	26871447
climate and the timing of imported cases as determinants of the dengue outbreak in guangzhou, 2014: evidence from a mathematical model.	as the world's fastest spreading vector-borne disease, dengue was estimated to infect more than 390 million people in 2010, a 30-fold increase in the past half century. although considered to be a non-endemic country, mainland china had 55,114 reported dengue cases from 2005 to 2014, of which 47,056 occurred in 2014. furthermore, 94% of the indigenous cases in this time period were reported in guangdong province, 83% of which were in guangzhou city. in order to determine the possible determinant ...	2016	26863623
conservation, duplication, and divergence of five opsin genes in insect evolution.	opsin proteins covalently bind to small molecular chromophores and each protein-chromophore complex is sensitive to particular wavelengths of light. multiple opsins with different wavelength absorbance peaks are required for color vision. comparing opsin responses is challenging at low light levels, explaining why color vision is often lost in nocturnal species. here, we investigated opsin evolution in 27 phylogenetically diverse insect species including several transitions between photic niches ...	2016	26865071
novel factors of anopheles gambiae haemocyte immune response to plasmodium berghei infection.	insect haemocytes mediate cellular immune responses (e.g., phagocytosis) and contribute to the synthesis of humoral immune factors. in previous work, a genome-wide molecular characterization of anopheles gambiae circulating haemocytes was followed by functional gene characterization using cell-based rnai screens. assays were carried out to investigate the role of selected haemocyte-specific or enriched genes in phagocytosis of bacterial bio-particles, expression of the antimicrobial peptide cecr ...	2016	26858200
first report of y-linked genes in the kissing bug rhodnius prolixus.	due to an abundance of repetitive dna, the annotation of heterochromatic regions of the genome such as the y chromosome is problematic. the y chromosome is involved in key biological functions such as male-fertility and sex-determination and hence, accurate identification of its sequences is vital. the hemipteran insect rhodnius prolixus is an important vector of chagas disease, a trypanosomiasis affecting 6-7 million people worldwide. here we report the identification of the first y-linked gene ...	2016	26861771
insulin-related peptide 5 is involved in regulating embryo development and biochemical composition in pea aphid with wing polyphenism.	in aphids there is a fecundity-dispersal trade-off between wingless and winged morphs. recent research on the molecular mechanism of wing morphs associated with dispersal reveals that insulin receptors in the insulin signaling (is) pathway regulate alternation of wing morphs in planthoppers. however, little is known about whether genes in the is pathway are involved in developmental regulation in aphid nymphs with different wing morphs. in this study, we show that expression of the insulin-relat ...	2016	26903881
a comprehensive entomological, serological and molecular study of 2013 dengue outbreak of swat, khyber pakhtunkhwa, pakistan.	aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus play a fundamental role in transmission of dengue virus to humans. a single infected aedes mosquito is capable to act as a reservoir/amplifier host for dengue virus and may cause epidemics via horizontal and vertical modes of dengue virus (denv) transmission. the present and future dengue development can be clarified by understanding the elements which help the dissemination of dengue transmission. the current study deals with molecular surveillance of dengue i ...	2016	26848847
co-expression of dorsal and rel2 negatively regulates antimicrobial peptide expression in the tobacco hornworm manduca sexta.	nuclear factor κb (nf-κb) plays an essential role in regulation of innate immunity. in mammals, nf-κb factors can form homodimers and heterodimers to activate gene expression. in insects, three nf-κb factors, dorsal, dif and relish, have been identified to activate antimicrobial peptide (amp) gene expression. however, it is not clear whether dorsal (or dif) and relish can form heterodimers. here we report the identification and functional analysis of a dorsal homologue (msdorsal) and two relish ...	2016	26847920
the spermatophore in glossina morsitans morsitans: insights into male contributions to reproduction.	male seminal fluid proteins (sfps) transferred during copulation modulate female reproductive physiology and behavior, impacting sperm storage/use, ovulation, oviposition, and remating receptivity. these capabilities make them ideal targets for developing novel methods of insect disease vector control. little is known about the nature of sfps in the viviparous tsetse flies (diptera: glossinidae), vectors of human and animal african trypanosomiasis. in tsetse, male ejaculate is assembled into a c ...	2016	26847001
newly emerging parasitic threats for human health: national and international trends.		2016	26966685
a new allele conferring resistance to lysinibacillus sphaericus is detected in low frequency in culex quinquefasciatus field populations.	the cqm1 α-glucosidase of culex quinquefasciatus larvae acts as the midgut receptor for the binary toxin of the biolarvicide lysinibacillus sphaericus. mutations within the cqm1 gene can code for aberrant polypeptides that can no longer be properly expressed or bind to the toxin, leading to insect resistance. the cqm1 rec and cqm1 rec-2 alleles were identified in a laboratory selected colony and both displayed mutations that lead to equivalent phenotypes of refractoriness to l. sphaericus. cqm1 ...	2016	26846600
spatial variation of insecticide resistance in the dengue vector aedes aegypti presents unique vector control challenges.	dengue is a major public health problem in mexico, where the use of chemical insecticides to control the principal dengue vector, aedes aegypti, is widespread. resistance to insecticides has been reported in multiple sites, and the frequency of kdr mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance has increased rapidly in recent years. in the present study, we characterized patterns of insecticide resistance in ae. aegypti populations in five small towns surrounding the city of merida, mexico.	2016	26846468
development of a novel-type transgenic cotton plant for control of cotton bollworm.	the transgenic bt cotton plant has been widely planted throughout the world for the control of cotton budworm helicoverpa armigera (hubner). however, a shift towards insect tolerance of bt cotton is now apparent. in this study, the gene encoding neuropeptide f (npf) was cloned from cotton budworm h. armigera, an important agricultural pest. the npf gene produces two splicing mrna variants-npf1 and npf2 (with a 120-bp segment inserted into the npf1 sequence). these are predicted to form the matur ...	2016	26841044
finding aedes aegypti in a natural breeding site in an urban zone, sao paulo, southeastern brazil.	this is the description of how nine aedes aegypti larvae were found in a natural breeding site in the pinheiros neighborhood, city of sao paulo, sp, southeastern brazil. the record was conducted in december 2014, during an entomological surveillance program of dengue virus vectors, with an active search of potential breeding sites, either artificial or natural. findingae. aegypti larvae in a tree hole shows this species' ability to use both artificial and natural environments as breeding sites a ...	2016	26982959
evaluation of the activity of the essential oil from an ornamental flower against aedes aegypti: electrophysiology, molecular dynamics and behavioral assays.	dengue fever has spread worldwide and affects millions of people every year in tropical and subtropical regions of africa, asia, europe and america. since there is no effective vaccine against the dengue virus, prevention of disease transmission depends entirely on regulating the vector (aedes aegypti) or interrupting human-vector contact. the aim of this study was to assess the oviposition deterrent activity of essential oils of three cultivars of torch ginger (etlingera elatior, zingiberaceae) ...	2016	26927837
nutritional signaling regulates vitellogenin synthesis and egg development through juvenile hormone in nilaparvata lugens (stål).	insect female reproduction which comprises the synthesis of vitellogenein (vg) in the fat body and its incorporation into developing oocytes, needs a large amount of energy and food resources. our previous studies found that juvenile hormone (jh) regulates vitellogenesis in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. here, we report on the role of jh in nutrient-regulated vg synthesis and egg development. we first cloned the genes coding for juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase (jhamt) which i ...	2016	26927076
evolution of the assassin's arms: insights from a phylogeny of combined transcriptomic and ribosomal dna data (heteroptera: reduvioidea).	assassin bugs (reduvioidea) are one of the most diverse (>7,000 spp.) lineages of predatory animals and have evolved an astounding diversity of raptorial leg modifications for handling prey. the evolution of these modifications is not well understood due to the lack of a robust phylogeny, especially at deeper nodes. we here utilize refined data from transcriptomes (370 loci) to stabilize the backbone phylogeny of reduvioidea, revealing the position of major clades (e.g., the chagas disease vecto ...	2016	26916580
altered carbohydrates allocation by associated bacteria-fungi interactions in a bark beetle-microbe symbiosis.	insect-microbe interaction is a key area of research in multiplayer symbiosis, yet little is known about the role of microbe-microbe interactions in insect-microbe symbioses. the red turpentine beetle (rtb) has destroyed millions of healthy pines in china and forms context-dependent relationships with associated fungi. the adult-associated fungus leptographium procerum have played key roles in rtb colonization. however, common fungal associates (l. procerum and ophiostoma minus) with rtb larvae ...	2016	26839264
microrna profiling of the whitefly bemisia tabaci middle east-aisa minor i following the acquisition of tomato yellow leaf curl china virus.	the begomoviruses are the largest and most economically important group of plant viruses exclusively vectored by whitefly (bemisia tabaci) in a circulative, persistent manner. during this process, begomoviruses and whitefly vectors have developed close relationships and complex interactions. however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions remain largely unknown, and the microrna profiles for viruliferous and nonviruliferous whiteflies have not been studied.	2016	26837429
reference genes for accessing differential expression among developmental stages and analysis of differential expression of obp genes in anastrepha obliqua.	the west indian fruit fly, anastrepha obliqua, is an important agricultural pest in the new world. the use of pesticide-free methods to control invasive species such as this reinforces the search for genes potentially useful in their genetic control. therefore, the study of chemosensory proteins involved with a range of responses to the chemical environment will help not only on the understanding of the species biology but may also help the development of environmentally friendly pest control st ...	2016	26818909
toxic effect of blood feeding in male mosquitoes.	blood- and sugar feeding of female mosquitoes has been frequently observed in the laboratory and in the field, but only sugar feeding of males has been reported. here, we describe for the first time that culex quinquefasciatus males feed on blood as well. blood feeding easily happened on a blood-soaked cotton roll and, to a lesser extent, through a thin artificial layer. mating history of a male specimen does not affect his blood feeding behavior. male mosquitoes feed on blood even when they hav ...	2016	26858651
the spread of dengue in an endemic urban milieu--the case of delhi, india.	dengue is a major international public health concern, one of the most important arthropod-borne diseases. more than 3.5 billion people are at risk of dengue infection and there are an estimated 390 million dengue infections annually. this prolific increase has been connected to societal changes such as population growth and increasing urbanization generating intense agglomeration leading to proliferation of synanthropic mosquito species. quantifying the spatio-temporal epidemiology of dengue in ...	2016	26808518
comprehensive immunolocalization studies of a putative serotonin receptor from the alimentary canal of aedes aegypti larvae suggest its diverse roles in digestion and homeostasis.	serotonin regulates key processes including digestion and homeostasis in insects. serotonin effects are mediated by serotonin receptors that transduce information through initiation of second messenger signaling pathways. lack of information on serotonin receptors associated with the alimentary canal impedes the understanding of the serotonergic role in insect physiology. to address this void, the present study has cloned and identified a putative serotonin receptor (hereafter aaser-1) from the ...	2016	26808995
towards plant species identification in complex samples: a bioinformatics pipeline for the identification of novel nuclear barcode candidates.	monitoring of the food chain to fight fraud and protect consumer health relies on the availability of methods to correctly identify the species present in samples, for which dna barcoding is a promising candidate. the nuclear genome is a rich potential source of barcode targets, but has been relatively unexploited until now. here, we show the development and use of a bioinformatics pipeline that processes available genome sequences to automatically screen large numbers of input candidates, ident ...	2016	26807711
something "hairy" in juvenile hormone signaling for mosquito reproduction.		2016	26802123
accurate transposable element annotation is vital when analyzing new genome assemblies.	transposable elements (tes) are mobile genetic elements with the ability to replicate themselves throughout the host genome. in some taxa tes reach copy numbers in hundreds of thousands and can occupy more than half of the genome. the increasing number of reference genomes from nonmodel species has begun to outpace efforts to identify and annotate te content and methods that are used vary significantly between projects. here, we demonstrate variation that arises in te annotations when less than ...	2016	26802115
serotonergic innervation of the salivary glands and central nervous system of adult glossina pallidipes austen (diptera: glossinidae), and the impact of the salivary gland hypertrophy virus (gpsghv) on the host.	using a serotonin antibody and confocal microscopy, this study reports for the first time direct serotonergic innervation of the muscle sheath covering the secretory region of the salivary glands of adult tsetse fly, glossina pallidipes austen. reports to date, however, note that up until this finding, dipteran species previously studied lack a muscle sheath covering of the secretory region of the salivary glands. direct innervation of the salivary gland muscle sheath of tsetse would facilitate ...	2016	26798144
insecticidal activity and insect repellency of four species of sea lily (comatulida: comatulidae) from taiwan.	the methanol and ethyl acetate (ea) extracts of four species of sea lily (himerometra magnipinna, comaster multifidus, comanthina sp., and comatella maculata) were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against yellow-fever mosquito larvae (aedes aegypti) and their repellency against adult asian tiger mosquitoes (aedes albopictus). the 24-hr minimum inhibition concentration (mic) data revealed that the extracts from h. magnipinna and the c. maculata were the most active, killing mosquito larv ...	2016	26798137
recent advances in understanding dengue.	dengue is an emerging threat to billions of people worldwide. in the last 20 years, the incidence has increased four-fold and this trend appears to be continuing. caused by one of four viral serotypes, dengue can present as a wide range of clinical phenotypes with the severe end of the spectrum being defined by a syndrome of capillary leak, coagulopathy, and organ impairment. the pathogenesis of severe disease is thought to be in part immune mediated, but the exact mechanisms remain to be define ...	2016	26918159
the iflaviruses sacbrood virus and deformed wing virus evoke different transcriptional responses in the honeybee which may facilitate their horizontal or vertical transmission.	sacbrood virus (sbv) and deformed wing virus (dwv) are evolutionarily related positive-strand rna viruses, members of the iflavirus group. they both infect the honeybee apis mellifera but have strikingly different levels of virulence when transmitted orally. honeybee larvae orally infected with sbv usually accumulate high levels of the virus, which halts larval development and causes insect death. in contrast, oral dwv infection at the larval stage usually causes asymptomatic infection with low ...	2016	26819848
viruses causing hemorrhagic fever. safety laboratory procedures.	viral hemorrhagic fevers are diseases caused by viruses which belong to different families, many of them causing severe diseases. these viruses may produce different symptomatology together with a severe multisystem syndrome, and the final result might be the production of hemorrhages in several sites of the body. the majority of them have no other treatment than supportive therapy, although some antiviral drugs can be used in some circumstances. transmission of vhf has been demonstrated through ...	2016	27014378
caste-specific and sex-specific expression of chemoreceptor genes in a termite.	the sophisticated colony organization of eusocial insects is primarily maintained through the utilization of pheromones. the regulation of these complex social interactions requires intricate chemoreception systems. the recent publication of the genome of zootermopsis nevadensis opened a new avenue to study molecular basis of termite caste systems. although there has been a growing interest in the termite chemoreception system that regulates their sophisticated caste system, the relationship bet ...	2016	26760975
effects of food variability on growth and reproduction of aedes aegypti.	despite a large body of knowledge about the evolution of life histories, we know little about how variable food availability during an individual's development affects its life history. we measured the effects of manipulating food levels during early and late larval development of the mosquito aedes aegypti on its growth rate, life history and reproductive success. switching from low to high food led to compensatory growth: individuals grew more rapidly during late larval development and emerged ...	2016	26843938
carbon dioxide receptor genes and their expression profile in diabrotica virgifera virgifera.	diabrotica virgifera virgifera, western corn rootworm, is one of the most devastating species in north america. d. v. virgifera neonates crawl through the soil to locate the roots on which they feed. carbon dioxide (co2) is one of the important volatile cues that attract d. v. virgifera larvae to roots.	2016	26746870
protection of dogs against canine heartworm infection 28 days after four monthly treatments with advantage multi® for dogs.	monthly heartworm preventives are designed to protect dogs by killing heartworms acquired the month prior to their administration, and after treatment with most products, the drug levels rapidly dissipate to very low levels. work with advantage multi® for dogs (imidacloprid + moxidectin) topical solution showed protection against hookworm infection throughout the month after administration of several monthly doses suggesting that similar protection might occur with heartworms. this study assesse ...	2016	26746229
effects of bmcpv infection on silkworm bombyx mori intestinal bacteria.	the gut microbiota has a crucial role in the growth, development and environmental adaptation in the host insect. the objective of our work was to investigate the microbiota of the healthy silkworm bombyx mori gut and changes after the infection of b. mori cypovirus (bmcpv). intestinal contents of the infected and healthy larvae of b. mori of fifth instar were collected at 24, 72 and 144 h post infection with bmcpv. the gut bacteria were analyzed by pyrosequencing of the 16s rrna gene. 147(135) ...	2016	26745627
costs of three wolbachia infections on the survival of aedes aegypti larvae under starvation conditions.	the mosquito aedes aegypti, the principal vector of dengue virus, has recently been infected experimentally with wolbachia: intracellular bacteria that possess potential as dengue biological control agents. wolbachia depend on their hosts for nutrients they are unable to synthesize themselves. consequently, competition between wolbachia and their host for resources could reduce host fitness under the competitive conditions commonly experienced by larvae of ae. aegypti in the field, hampering the ...	2016	26745630
hairy and groucho mediate the action of juvenile hormone receptor methoprene-tolerant in gene repression.	the arthropod-specific juvenile hormone (jh) controls numerous essential functions. its involvement in gene activation is known to be mediated by the transcription factor methoprene-tolerant (met), which turns on jh-controlled genes by directly binding to e-box-like motifs in their regulatory regions. however, it remains unclear how jh represses genes. we used the aedes aegypti female mosquito, in which jh is necessary for reproductive maturation, to show that a repressor, hairy, is required for ...	2016	26744312
development of a larvicidal nanoemulsion with pterodon emarginatus vogel oil.	pterodon emarginatus vogel is a brazilian species that belongs to the family fabaceae, popularly known as sucupira. its oil has several biological activities, including potent larvicidal property against aedes aegypti. this insect is the vector of dengue, a tropical disease that has been considered a critical health problem in developing countries, such as brazil. most of dengue control methods involve larvicidal agents suspended or diluted in water and making active lipophilic natural products ...	2016	26742099
perceived risk of dengue in ones' living environment as a determinant of behavior change through social mobilization and communication: evidence from a high risk area in sri lanka.	the aim of this study was to assess community knowledge and behavioral impact of the social mobilization and communication strategy applied in a dengue high-risk area in sri lanka.	2016	27308297
direct lateral maneuvers in hawkmoths.	we used videography to investigate direct lateral maneuvers, i.e. 'sideslips', of the hawkmoth manduca sexta. m. sexta sideslip by rolling their entire body and wings to reorient their net force vector. during sideslip they increase net aerodynamic force by flapping with greater amplitude, (in both wing elevation and sweep), allowing them to continue to support body weight while rolled. to execute the roll maneuver we observed in sideslips, they use an asymmetric wing stroke; increasing the pitc ...	2016	26740573
empirical evidence of the effect of school gathering on the dynamics of dengue epidemics.	dengue fever is an important vector-transmitted disease that affects more than 100 countries worldwide. locations where individuals tend to gather may play an important role in disease transmission in the presence of the vector. by controlling mosquitoes' breeding places, this study aims to analyze the effect of reducing transmission in elementary schools (grades 1-9) on the dynamics of the epidemic at a regional level.	2016	26743450
effects of argentilactone on the transcriptional profile, cell wall and oxidative stress of paracoccidioides spp.	paracoccidioides spp., a dimorphic pathogenic fungus, is the etiologic agent of paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm). pcm is an endemic disease that affects at least 10 million people in latin america, causing severe public health problems. the drugs used against pathogenic fungi have various side effects and limited efficacy; therefore, there is an inevitable and urgent medical need for the development of new antifungal drugs. in the present study, we evaluated the transcriptional profile of paracoccid ...	2016	26734764
odonate nymphs: generalist predators and their potential in the management of dengue mosquito, aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).	dengue is amongst the most serious mosquito-borne infectious disease with hot spots in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. unfortunately, no licensed vaccine for the disease is currently available in medicine markets. the only option available is the management of dengue vector mosquito, aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).	2016	27308283
the structure of a prophenoloxidase (ppo) from anopheles gambiae provides new insights into the mechanism of ppo activation.	phenoloxidase (po)-catalyzed melanization is a universal defense mechanism of insects against pathogenic and parasitic infections. in mosquitos such as anopheles gambiae, melanotic encapsulation is a resistance mechanism against certain parasites that cause malaria and filariasis. po is initially synthesized by hemocytes and released into hemolymph as inactive prophenoloxidase (ppo), which is activated by a serine protease cascade upon recognition of foreign invaders. the mechanisms of ppo activ ...	2016	26732497
insights into sexual precocity of female oriental river prawn macrobrachium nipponense through transcriptome analysis.	the oriental river prawn (macrobrachium nipponense) is the most prevalent aquaculture species in china. the sexual precocity in this species has received considerable attention in recent years because more and more individuals matured at a small size, which devalues the commercial production. in this study, we developed deep-coverage transcriptomic sequencing data for the ovaries of sexually precocious and normal sexually mature m. nipponense using next-generation rna sequencing technology and a ...	2016	27280288
epidemiological and virological characterizations of the 2014 dengue outbreak in guangzhou, china.	dengue used to be recognized as an imported and sporadic disease in china. since june 2014, an unexpected large dengue outbreak has attacked guangzhou, china, resulting in more than 40,000 cases. among the 1,942 laboratory-confirmed hospitalized dengue cases, 121 were diagnosed as severe dengue according to the 2009 who guideline, and 2 patients finally died. laboratory diagnosis and virus isolation demonstrated that the majority (96%) cases were caused by dengue virus serotype 1 (denv-1), and t ...	2016	27257804
myo-inositol phosphate synthase expression in the european eel (anguilla anguilla) and nile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus): effect of seawater acclimation.	a single mips gene (isyna1/ino1) exists in eel and tilapia genomes with a single myo-d-inositol 3-phosphate synthase (mips) transcript identified in all eel tissues, although two mips spliced variants [termed mips(s) and mips(l)] are found in all tilapia tissues. the larger tilapia transcript [mips(l)] results from the inclusion of the 87-nucleotide intron between exons 5 and 6 in the genomic sequence. in most tilapia tissues, the mips(s) transcript exhibits much higher abundance (generally >10- ...	2016	27252471