Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cryptosporidiosis: prevalence, genotype analysis, and symptoms associated with infections in children in kenya. | cryptosporidium parasites are leading causes of enteric disease, especially in children. a prospective survey on the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in children less than five years of age was undertaken at six microbiology laboratories in kenya on fecal samples submitted for routine parasite and ova investigations. analysis of 4,899 samples over a two-year study period showed an overall prevalence of cryptosporidiosis of 4% that was highest between november to february. investigations on the na ... | 2006 | 16837712 |
| suppression of nf-kappab activation by entamoeba histolytica in intestinal epithelial cells is mediated by heat shock protein 27. | little is known about the pathogenesis of entamoeba histolytica and how epithelial cells respond to the parasite. herein, we characterized the interactions between e. histolytica and colonic epithelial cells and the role macrophages play in modulating epithelial cell responses. the human colonic epithelial cell lines caco-2 and t84 were grown either as monoculture or co-cultured in transwell plates with differentiated human thp-1 macrophages for 24 h before stimulation with soluble amebic protei ... | 2006 | 16840786 |
| cytotoxicity and in vitro susceptibility of entamoeba histolytica to morinda morindoides leaf extracts and its isolated constituents. | an aqueous decotion (dried extract), an 80% meoh extract from morinda morindoides leaves, and 10 flavonoids and 4 iridoids isolated from the 80% meoh extract were evaluated in vitro for their potential antiamoebic activity and their cytotoxic effect against mt-4 cells. results indicated that the aqueous decoction and the 80% meoh extract exhibited an interesting antiamoebic activity with ic(50) values of 3.1 +/- 1.7 and 1.7 +/- 0.6 microg/ml, respectively. apigenin-7-o-glucoside and luteolin-7-o ... | 2006 | 16603327 |
| detection of protozoal parasites in the stools of diarrhoeic patients using different techniques. | a total of 300 children were selected. a total of 180 apparently healthy children were selected. each child was given a numerical number and subjected to a medical questionnaire. the rate of infection by the enteric protozoa detected by the four techniques revealed that g. lamblia reached 11.0% by concentration-sedimentation method, 10.3% by sheather's concentration method and 7.0% (cysts) and 1.7% (vegetative) by direct wet smear. e. histolytica was 3.3% & 3.7% by the two concentration methods ... | 2006 | 16605096 |
| patients with gastrointestinal complains due to enteric parasites, with reference to entamoeba histolytica/dispar as dected by elisa e. histolytica adhesion in stool. | a total of 210 patients with gastrointestinal troubles, of both sex and a mean age of 32 +/- 6.1 years, selected from the outpatient's clinics of al-azhar university hospitals. 115 (54.76%) had dysentery, 95 (45.23%) did not have dysentery, 15 (14%) suffered flatulence, 20 (9.52%) had epi-gastric pain, 19 (9.05%) had vague abdominal pain, 5 vomiting (5.2%) and 10 (4.9%) had fever. two symptoms were in 29 (13.81%) patients and three symptoms in 12 (5.71%). of the 210 patients, 20 (9.9%) had helmi ... | 2006 | 16605100 |
| naegleria fowleri: a free-living highly pathogenic amoeba contains trypanothione/trypanothione reductase and glutathione/glutathione reductase systems. | this paper presents definitive data showing that the thiol-bimane compound isolated and purified by hplc from naegleria fowleri trophozoites unequivocally corresponds by matrix assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight ms, to the characteristic monoprotonated ion of trypanothione-(bimane)(2) [m(+)h(+)] of m/z 1104.57 and to the trypanothione-(bimane) of m/z 914.46. the trypanothione disulfide t(s)(2) was also found to have a molecular ion of m/z 723.37. additionally hplc demonstrated t ... | 2006 | 16620809 |
| the cyst wall of entamoeba invadens contains chitosan (deacetylated chitin). | the cyst wall of entamoeba invadens (ei), a model for the human pathogen entamoeba histolytica, contains chitin, which is a homopolymer of beta-1, 4-linked n-acetyl-glucosamine (glcnac). in fungi and in bacteria that make nodulation factors, chitin deacetylases make chitosan, which is a mixture of glcnac and glucosamine and so has a positive charge. the activity of an ei chitin deacetylase was revealed by a 3-4-fold increase in released glcnac when deproteinated cyst walls were chemically acetyl ... | 2006 | 16621070 |
| overdiagnosis of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar in nicaragua: a microscopic, triage parasite panel and pcr study. | based on stool microscopy, an e. histolytica/e. dispar prevalence of 18.6% was found in león, nicaragua about 10 years ago. since then, new non-microscopic methods have been developed to discriminate between pathogenic e. histolytica and nonpathogenic e. dispar. the main objectives of the present study were to evaluate the true prevalence of e. histolytica among individuals with diarrhea and to assess the diagnostic procedures carried out at the health center level. | 2006 | 16624654 |
| structure of alcohol dehydrogenase from entamoeba histolytica. | the structure of the apo form of alcohol dehydrogenase from a single-cell eukaryotic source, entamoeba histolytica, has been determined at 1.8 a. to date, bacterial and archeal alcohol dehydrogenases, which are biologically active as tetramers, have crystallized with tetramers in the asymmetric unit. however, the current structure has one independent dimer per asymmetric unit and the full tetramer is generated by application of the crystallographic twofold symmetry element. this structure reveal ... | 2006 | 16627948 |
| entamoeba histolytica: ultrastructure of the chromosomes and the mitotic spindle. | we have analyzed by transmission electron microscopy the mitotic process of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites in an asynchronous population of axenically cultured parasites. our observations showed that nuclear microtubules, initially located at random in the karyosome during prophase, formed in subsequent stages a mitotic spindle closely related to the nuclear membrane at the polar regions of dividing nuclei. in late prophase and in anaphase, chromosomes appeared as dense bodies 0.1-0.5 microm ... | 2006 | 16631745 |
| entamoeba histolytica: inflammatory process during amoebic liver abscess formation involves cyclooxygenase-2 expression in macrophages and trophozoites. | it has been demonstrated that expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) isoform is induced by entamoeba histolytica in macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells during amoebic liver abscess (ala) formation in hamsters. trophozoites present in the lesion were also positive for cox-2 signal. however, no cross reactivity of the anti-cox-2 antibody with protein extract of cultivated trophozoites was found. to clarify if trophozoites are involved in pge(2) production during ala development, cox-2 expressi ... | 2006 | 16647055 |
| acetate kinase: not just a bacterial enzyme. | the bacterial enzymes acetate kinase (ak) and phosphotransacetylase (pta) form a key pathway for synthesis of the central metabolic intermediate acetyl coenzyme a (acetyl-coa) from acetate or for generation of atp from excess acetyl-coa. putative ak genes have now been identified in some eukaryotic microbes. in chlamydomonas reinhardtii and phytophthora species, ak forms a pathway with pta. ak has also been identified in non-yeast fungi but these fungi do not have pta. instead, ak forms a pathwa ... | 2006 | 16678422 |
| intestinal parasitic infections among school children of the dhahira region of oman. | to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among primary school children in dhahira region of oman. | 2006 | 16680250 |
| unique posttranslational modifications of chitin-binding lectins of entamoeba invadens cyst walls. | entamoeba histolytica, which causes amebic dysentery and liver abscesses, is spread via chitin-walled cysts. the most abundant protein in the cyst wall of entamoeba invadens, a model for amebic encystation, is a lectin called eijacob1. eijacob1 has five tandemly arrayed, six-cys chitin-binding domains separated by low-complexity ser- and thr-rich spacers. e. histolytica also has numerous predicted jessie lectins and chitinases, which contain a single, n-terminal eight-cys chitin-binding domain. ... | 2006 | 16682461 |
| stress by heat shock induces massive down regulation of genes and allows differential allelic expression of the gal/galnac lectin in entamoeba histolytica. | gene expression analysis by microarray assay revealed that when exposed to stress, entamoeba histolytica exhibits a specific heat shock response, together with a dramatic overall reduction in gene transcription as well as differential allelic expression of key genes participating in virulence, such as the galactose/n-acetylgalactosamine (gal/galnac) lectin. | 2006 | 16682464 |
| structural differences in triosephosphate isomerase from different species and discovery of a multitrypanosomatid inhibitor. | we examined the interfaces of homodimeric triosephosphate isomerase (tim) from eight different species. the crystal structures of the enzymes showed that a portion of the interface is markedly similar in tims from trypanosoma cruzi (tctim), trypanosoma brucei, and leishmania mexicana and significantly different from that of tims from human, yeast, chicken, plasmodium falciparum, and entamoeba histolytica. since this interfacial region is central in the stability of tctim, we hypothesized that it ... | 2006 | 16489748 |
| cloning and partial characterization of entamoeba histolytica ptpases. | reversible protein tyrosine phosphorylation is an essential signal transduction mechanism that regulates cell growth, differentiation, mobility, metabolism, and survival. two genes coding for protein tyrosine phophatases, designed ehptpa and ehptpb, were cloned from entamoeba histolytica. ehptpa and ehptpb proteins showed amino acid sequence identity of 37%, both ehptpases showed similarity with dictyostelium discoideum and vertebrate trasmembranal ptpases. mrna levels of ehptpa gene are up-regu ... | 2006 | 16513090 |
| entamoeba histolytica: computational identification of putative microrna candidates. | micrornas are an abundant class of approximately 20-24-nucleotide noncoding rnas that control the expression of several genes at the post-transcriptional level, regulating several important biochemical pathways. micrornas have been identified in many vertebrates including humans, and also in flies, nematodes, plants, and viruses. in the present work we have identified seventeen putative candidate micrornas in the pathogenic parasite entamoeba histolytica using a bioinformatic approach. putative ... | 2006 | 16515787 |
| impact of intestinal colonization and invasion on the entamoeba histolytica transcriptome. | a genome-wide transcriptional analysis of entamoeba histolytica was performed on trophozoites isolated from the colon of six infected mice and from in vitro culture. an affymetrix platform gene expression array was designed for this analysis that included probe sets for 9435 open reading frames (orfs) and 9066 5' and 3' flanking regions. transcripts were detected for > 80% of all orfs. a total of 523 transcripts (5.2% of all e. histolytica genes) were significantly changed in amebae isolated fro ... | 2006 | 16569449 |
| drug resistance in amoebiasis. | amoebiasis caused by entamoeba histolytica, is a major public health problem in developing countries. morphologically similar e. dispar is non pathogenic. because of the redefinition of e. histolytica and e. dispar, and the limited number of antiamoebic drugs available, a new approach to treat such individuals is necessary. the cost of treating asymptomatic individuals is highly exorbitant and not justifiable. the indiscriminate use of antiamoebic drugs can result in increased minimum inhibitory ... | 2006 | 16575108 |
| in vitro susceptibility of entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia to plants used in mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. | in our search for new antiprotozoal chemotherapy, we collected a selection of 26 plants used in mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. methanolic extracts of these species were screened for their antiprotozoal activity against entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia trophozoites using in vitro tests. among the tested extracts, the derivates of following species showed selectivity and significant antiprotozoal activity: chiranthodendron pentadactylon, anno ... | 2006 | 16846708 |
| very little intron gain in entamoeba histolytica genes laterally transferred from prokaryotes. | the evolution of spliceosomal introns remains intensely debated. we studied 96 entamoeba histolytica genes previously identified as having been laterally transferred from prokaryotes, which were presumably intronless at the time of transfer. ninety out of the 96 are also present in the reptile parasite entamoeba invadens, indicating lateral transfer before the species' divergence approximately 50 mya. we find only 2 introns, both shared with e. invadens. thus, no intron gains have occurred in ap ... | 2006 | 16847043 |
| identification of a family of bspa like surface proteins of entamoeba histolytica with novel leucine rich repeats. | 2006 | 16199101 | |
| characterization of entamoeba histolytica alpha-actinin. | we have cloned, expressed and characterized a alpha-actinin-like protein of entamoeba histolytica. analysis of the primary structure reveals that the essential domains of the alpha-actinin protein family are conserved: an n-terminus actin-binding domain, a c-terminus calcium-binding domain and a central helical rod domain. however, the rod domain of this entamoeba protein is considerably shorter than the rod domain in alpha-actinins of higher organisms. the cloned entamoeba 63 kda protein is rec ... | 2006 | 16219372 |
| cytokine and chemokine responses in patients co-infected with entamoeba histolytica/dispar, necator americanus and mansonella perstans and changes after anti-parasite treatment. | this study examined the impact of concurrent parasite infections (amoebiasis, filariasis, necatoriasis) and the effect of anti-parasite treatment on cytokine and chemokine responses in singly and poly-parasitized patients. cellular reactivity and parasite-specific th1- and th2-type cytokine and chemokine profiles were investigated before and six weeks after treatment. in those patients infected with three parasite species, cellular secretion of interleukin 5 (il-5) and il-12p40 by pbmc was stron ... | 2006 | 16239120 |
| glycosylated inositol phospholipid from entamoeba histolytica: identification and structural characterization. | 2006 | 16242191 | |
| hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with entamoeba histolytica intestinal infection. | amebiasis secondary to entamoeba histolytica (e. histolytica) continues to be a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide, mainly in developing countries. an association between amebic dysentery and hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) has been mentioned, but a cause-and-effect relationship has never been confirmed. we report the case of an 11-year-old healthy white female who developed severe bloody diarrhea after drinking contaminated unboiled water, developing classic hus and requiring acu ... | 2006 | 16222550 |
| entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar: comparison of two pcr assays for diagnosis in a non-endemic setting. | detection of entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amoebiasis, is an important goal of the clinical parasitology laboratory. the identification of entamoeba dispar as a morphologically identical but non-pathogenic species has highlighted the need for non-microscopic detection methods able to differentiate between the two organisms. in this study we evaluated the utility of conventional pcr and real-time pcr as methods for identification and differentiation of e. histolytica and e. dispar ... | 2006 | 16274714 |
| characterization of protein geranylgeranyltransferase i from the enteric protist entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica is a unique protozoan parasite possessing both protein farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltrasferase i (ggt-i) for isoprenylation of small gtpases. in this study, we demonstrated unique enzymological properties of the amebic ggt-i (ehggt-i), including substrate specificity and insensitivity to known mammalian inhibitors. some of important residues of the catalytic beta subunit implicated in the specificity for gtpase acceptors and prenyl donors are substituted in ehggt-i ... | 2006 | 16300841 |
| synthesis and antiamoebic activity of new 1-n-substituted thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diphenyl-2-pyrazoline derivatives and their pd(ii) complexes. | some 1-n-substituted thiocarbamoyl-3,5-diphenyl-2-pyrazoline derivatives (l), 1-8 were synthesized by a base-catalyzed claisen-schmidt condensation of benzaldehyde with acetophenone followed by cyclization with various n-4 substituted thiosemicarbazides. the palladium(ii) complexes [pdlcl2], 1a-8a of these ligands were obtained by reacting them with [pd(dmso)2cl2]. all compounds have been characterized by means of elemental analyses, electronic, ir, 1h nmr and mass spectroscopic data, while the ... | 2006 | 16300860 |
| unique organisation of trna genes in entamoeba histolytica. | the genome sequence of the protistan parasite entamoeba histolytica hm-1:imss has been completed recently. among the findings has been a unique organisation for the trna genes in this organism. forty-two of the trna isoacceptor types are encoded in tandem arrays that vary in unit length from 490 to 1775 basepairs and contain from 1 to 5 trna genes. in three cases a 5s rna gene is also present in the unit. an estimated 10% of the genome is made up of these arrays. interspersed between rna-encodin ... | 2006 | 16307803 |
| entamoeba histolytica up-regulates the cdc48-like protein, an aaa family member, during the activation of trophozoites with collagen type i and calcium. | 2006 | 16364463 | |
| sexual dimorphism in the control of amebic liver abscess in a mouse model of disease. | amebic liver abscess (ala) is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of human infection by the enteric protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. in contrast to intestinal infection, ala greatly predominates in males but is rare in females. since humans are the only relevant host for e. histolytica, experimental studies concerning this sexual dimorphism have been hampered by the lack of a suitable animal model. by serial liver passage of cultured e. histolytica trophozoites in gerbils and ... | 2006 | 16368964 |
| identification of differentially expressed genes in virulent and nonvirulent entamoeba species: potential implications for amebic pathogenesis. | entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes colitis and liver abscesses. several entamoeba species and strains with differing levels of virulence have been identified. e. histolytica hm-1:imss is a virulent strain, e. histolytica rahman is a nonvirulent strain, and entamoeba dispar is a nonvirulent species. we used an e. histolytica dna microarray consisting of 2,110 genes to assess the transcriptional differences between these species/strains with the goal of identifying genes who ... | 2006 | 16368989 |
| cpg-oligodeoxynucleotide is a potent adjuvant with an entamoeba histolytica gal-inhibitable lectin vaccine against amoebic liver abscess in gerbils. | the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica causes invasive amoebiasis characterized by amoebic dysentery and liver abscesses (ala). the e. histolytica galactose/n-acetyl-d-galactosamine-inhibitable lectin (gal-lectin), an immunogenic surface molecule involved in colonization and invasion, is a promising vaccine candidate against amoebiasis. gal-lectin is known to induce th1 cytokines in macrophages and spleen cells in vitro, and a th1 response is thought to be protective against ala. in this s ... | 2006 | 16369009 |
| cytokine expression in cd4(+) cells exposed to the monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor produced by entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica produces monocyte locomotion inhibitory factor (mlif), a pentapeptide with in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties. mlif may interfere with leukocyte migration, disturbing the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines secreted by cd4(+) t lymphocytes. we evaluated the effect of mlif on expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in human cd4(+) t lymphocytes. regulatory cytokines [interleukin-1 beta (il-1beta), il-2, interferon gamma (ifn-gamma), il-5 ... | 2006 | 16374615 |
| membrane trafficking as a virulence mechanism of the enteric protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. | 2006 | 16374616 | |
| pathogenesis of acute experimental liver amebiasis. | classical descriptions of the pathology of amebiasis portray the parasite as the cause of tissue damage and destruction, and in recent years a number of amebic molecules have been identified as virulence factors. in this review we describe a series of experiments that suggest a more complex host-parasite relation, at least during the early stages of acute experimental amebic liver abscess in hamsters. the problems of extrapolating experiments in vitro to explain observations in vivo are discusse ... | 2006 | 16380320 |
| experimental amebiasis: a selected review of some in vivo models. | the use of in vivo animal models in amebiasis has contributed significantly to the knowledge of this common human parasitic disease. although there is no animal model that mimics the whole cycle of the human disease, the use of different susceptible and resistant laboratory animals and the availability for many years of techniques for the axenic culture of trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica have allowed a better understanding of the parasite and the host-parasite relationship. the recent intr ... | 2006 | 16380321 |
| calcium-binding proteins of entamoeba histolytica. | calcium plays an essential role in many fundamental processes in almost all eukaryotic cells including protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. many of the calcium-mediated processes are carried out through the help of calcium-binding proteins (cabps). a few of these e. histolytica cabps have been described before. these proteins are unique to this organism and are thought to be essential. availability of genome sequence has opened up the possibility of studying cabps at the whole genome level. ... | 2006 | 16380322 |
| epigenetic silencing of gene expression in entamoeba histolytica. | transcriptional silencing of an amebapore (ap-a) gene occurred in entamoeba histolytica following the transfection of plasmids containing a dna segment (473 bp) homologous to the 5' upstream region of the gene. this segment contains the promoter region of the ap-a gene, a t-rich stretch, followed by a truncated sine1 (short interspersed element) that is transcribed from the opposite strand. the downstream silencing of the ap-a gene did not occur with plasmids containing the entire sine1 sequence ... | 2006 | 16380323 |
| the cytoskeleton of entamoeba histolytica: structure, function, and regulation by signaling pathways. | pathogenesis in the parasite entamoeba histolytica has been related to motility of the trophozoites. motility is an important feature in amebas as they perform multiple motile functions during invasion of host tissues. as motility depends on the organization and regulation of the cytoskeleton elements, in particular of the actin cytoskeleton, the study of the molecular components of the machinery responsible for movement has been a key aspect to study in this parasite. although many of the compo ... | 2006 | 16380324 |
| new insights into molecular mechanisms of phagocytosis in entamoeba histolytica by proteomic analysis. | the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica ingests microorganisms and mammalian cells. phagocytosis is essential for cell growth and is implicated in pathogenesis of e. histolytica. phagocytosis consists of a number of steps including recognition of and binding to ligands on the target cells via a galactose/n-acetylgalactosamine-specific lectin, activation of a signaling pathway leading to cytoskeletal reorganization, and vesicle trafficking, all of which play distinct but coordinated roles in ... | 2006 | 16380325 |
| host tissue invasion by entamoeba histolytica is powered by motility and phagocytosis. | during amebiasis, e. histolytica motility is a key factor to achieve its progression across tissues. the pathogenicity of e. histolytica includes its capacity to phagocyte human cells. motility requires polarization of e. histolytica that involves protrusion of a pseudopod containing actin and associated proteins [myosin ib, abp-120 and a p21-activated kinase (pak)] and whole-cell propulsion after contraction of the rear of the cell, where myosin ii and f-actin are concentrated. an interesting c ... | 2006 | 16380326 |
| methods for the investigation of diversity in entamoeba histolytica. | the ability to distinguish variants of a species has many potential applications. in entamoeba histolytica the first method to detect variation was based on isoenzyme analysis. however, this approach has been superseded by dna-based analysis. in this review i discuss the basis of the variation detected in e. histolytica by the various molecular methods that have been published to date. information on diversity in other species is mentioned where such information exists. | 2006 | 16380327 |
| prevalence and incidence of entamoeba histolytica infection in south africa and egypt. | there are little data on the true prevalence and incidence of entamoeba histolytica infection in africa. this is due to the inability, historically, to differentiate entamoeba histolytica from the more common, but non-pathogenic, entamoeba dispar. in addition, newer studies have demonstrated that the previous gold standard, culture with zymodeme analysis, is insensitive in detecting the presence of infection, especially when compared to pcr. recent published articles as well as data from the aut ... | 2006 | 16380329 |
| epidemiology and treatment of amebiasis in hué, vietnam. | hué, a city of about 300,000 inhabitants in central vietnam, is known as a "hot spot" for diseases caused by entamoeba histolytica and in particular for amebic liver abscess (ala), thus representing an excellent site for studies on the epidemiology and treatment of e. histolytica infections. accordingly, during the last few years, various studies on this topic have been performed in hué in close collaboration among the hué medical college, the hué central hospital and the bernhard nocht institut ... | 2006 | 16380330 |
| diversity of clinical isolates of entamoeba histolytica in japan. | in japan, amebiasis is domestically transmitted by two major populations: male homosexuals and mentally handicapped persons, which is remarkably different from most other developed countries where entamoeba dispar infection is predominantly observed. here we briefly summarize epidemiology of amebiasis in japan. we also review our current understanding of the diversity of entamoeba histolytica clinical isolates in japan, based on polymorphic genetic markers, clinical representations, and in vivo ... | 2006 | 16380332 |
| adherence-blocking vaccine for amebiasis. | the gal/galnac lectin is a candidate vaccine antigen for an amebiasis vaccine due to its mediation of parasite adherence to the human intestine, because partial immunity in humans is associated with a mucosal iga response against it, and because it is effective as a vaccine against amebic colitis in the murine model. the leca domain of the gal/galnac lectin contains neutralizing antibody epitopes. leca contains the active site of the lectin (the carbohydrate recognition domain or "crd") and has ... | 2006 | 16380334 |
| the current status of an amebiasis vaccine. | efficient control of infectious diseases requires the development and application of suitable vaccines. development of vaccines against amebiasis is still in its infancy. however, in recent years progress has been made in the identification of possible vaccine candidates, the route of application and the understanding of the immune response that is required for protection against amebiasis. | 2006 | 16380335 |
| genomic and proteomic approaches highlight phagocytosis of living and apoptotic human cells by the parasite entamoeba histolytica. | phagocytosis plays a major role during the invasive process of the human intestine by the pathogenic amoeba e. histolytica. this parasite is the etiologic agent causing amoebic dysentery, a worldwide disease causing 50 million of clinical cases leading to about 100,000 deaths annually. the invasive process is characterized by a local acute inflammation and the destruction of the intestinal tissue at the invasion site. the recent sequencing of the e. histolytica genome has opened the way to large ... | 2006 | 16386742 |
| entamoeba histolytica: fyve-finger domains, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate biosensors, associate with phagosomes but not fluid filled endosomes. | endocytosis is an important virulence function for entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amoebic dysentery. although a number of e. histolytica proteins that regulate this process have been identified, less is known about the role of lipids. in other systems, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (pi3p), a product of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi 3-kinase), has been shown to be required for endocytosis. fyve-finger domains are protein motifs that bind specifically to pi3p. using a pi3p bi ... | 2006 | 16387299 |
| heterologous expression of an entamoeba histolytica chitin synthase in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | chitin in the cyst wall of entamoeba histolytica is made by two chitin synthases (chs), one of which is unique (ehchs-1) and one of which resembles those of insects and nematodes (ehchs-2). ehchs-1 is deposited chitin in the lateral wall of transformed saccharomyces cerevisiae chs mutants, independent of accessory proteins (chs4p to chs7p) required by yeast chs3p. | 2006 | 16400183 |
| parasitic etiology of childhood diarrhea. | the objective was to determine the prevalence of parasitic agents among under-five children with diarrhea in ilesa, nigeria and the clinical correlates of diarrhea associated with parasitic infestation. all under-five children presenting with diarrhea in the hospital had stool microscopic examination. children with parasites in diarrheic stools (cases) were compared with those without (controls) for clinical features. out of 300 under-five children with diarrhea, 70 (23.3%) had parasites. there ... | 2006 | 17202634 |
| [investigation of intestinal parasites in residents of the kayseri karpuzsekisi basin]. | in this study, we collected stool and cellophane tape samples from residents in four villages located in the kayseri-karpuzsekisi basin in order to investigate the distribution of intestinal parasites. a total of 240 samples collected from hanyeri (40), sariküklü (20), dokuzpinar (80) and karpuzsekisi (120) were investigated. the parasites detected were as follows: blastocystis hominis, 82 (34.16%); enterobius vermicularis, 37 (15.41%); entamoeba coli 26, (10.83%); entamoeba hartmanni, 10 (4.16% ... | 2006 | 17160846 |
| [incidence of intestinal parasites in municipal sanitary workers in malatya]. | the incidence of intestinal parasites is closely related to such factors as the socio-economic level of the society, nutritional and hygienic habits, climate, environmental conditions, infrastructure and degree of literacy. in this study, the municipal sanitary workers who are regarded as a high risk group in malatya were examined for intestinal parasites. cellophane slides and fecal samples from 241 workers were examined and intestinal parasites were found in 93 (39.0%). the most common parasit ... | 2006 | 17160847 |
| cryptosporidiosis and other intestinal protozoan infections in children less than one year of age in mexico city. | parasitic diseases are very important in mexico because of their economic impact and adverse effects on normal growth in children. cryptosporidiosis has been associated with acute diarrhea in immune competent and incompetent human hosts, fecal contamination of drinking water sources, and handling of animals. due to the lack of reports on cryptosporidiosis in mexico, we conducted a parasitologic study in children with diarrhea and other clinical symptoms. the main objectives were 1) to determine ... | 2006 | 17172373 |
| decreased chemiluminescence in leukocyte adhesion deficiency presenting with recurrent sepsis, amoebiasis and candida albicans urinary tract infection. | leukocyte adhesion deficiency (lad) is a rare disorder of cellular immunity, generally due to various mutations producing reduced or altered expression of membrane integrins. the authors report a case of lad due to integrins expression imbalance. lad was suspected after recurrent sepsis, fungal infection and amoebiasis with persistent leukocytosis. neutrophils were studied with chemiluminescence showing decreased functional activity: up to now, this seems the first chemiluminescence study of neu ... | 2006 | 17146424 |
| intestinal parasites in dakahlia governorate, with different techniques in diagnosing protozoa. | a total of 3180 patients attending mansoura university hospitals' clinics, were subjected to stool examination by direct wet smear, formol-ether concentration, original formol-tween concentration, modified formol-tween concentration, modified sheather's sugar floatation, potassium hydroxide concentration and gomori's trichrome stain, and modified kinyoun's acid-fast stain, and ryan's trichrome blue stain for microsporidia. the intestinal helminthes in a descending order of abundance were: s. man ... | 2006 | 17153711 |
| comparison of the proteome profiles of entamoeba histolytica and its close but non-pathogenic relative entamoeba dispar. | the microaerophilic protist entamoeba histolytica is a source of considerable morbidity and mortality in many countries of the world by acting as a causative agent of amoebic dysentery and liver abscess. its close relative, entamoeba dispar, also colonises the human colon but is non-pathogenic. in the present study, we wanted to assess if the close relatedness of these two organisms could be used to identify virulence factors in e. histolytica through a comparison of the protein expression profi ... | 2006 | 17131239 |
| entamoeba histolytica cell movement: a central role for self-generated chemokines and chemorepellents. | entamoeba histolytica cells, the cause of amoebic dysentery, are highly motile, and this motility is an essential feature of the pathogenesis and morbidity of amoebiasis. however, the control of e. histolytica motility within the gut and during invasion is poorly understood. we have used an improved chemotaxis assay to identify the key extracellular signals mediating entamoeba chemotaxis. the dominant responses we observe are caused by factors generated by e. histolytica cells themselves. medium ... | 2006 | 17132728 |
| locally acquired infection with entamoeba histolytica in men who have sex with men in australia. | 2006 | 17137428 | |
| oral fecal parasites and personal hygiene of food handlers in abeokuta, nigeria. | ingestion of infective eggs and cysts of faecal orally transmissible parasites has been linked with the level of environmental and personal hygiene. the possibility of contamination of food with eggs and cysts by infected food vendors has also been recorded. | 2006 | 17140338 |
| infection by human immunodeficiency virus-1 is not a risk factor for amebiasis. | 2006 | 17123964 | |
| changes in bacterial profile during amebiasis: demonstration of anaerobic bacteria in ala pus samples. | little is known about the changes in gut resident flora during amebic colitis and amebic liver abscess (ala) caused by entamoeba histolytica infection. fecal samples from ala patients, from healthy e. histolytica negative and positive (asymptomatic) individuals, and from pre- and post-metronidazole-treated healthy volunteers and pus samples from ala patients were tested for the presence of various bacterial genera using 16s rrna-based primers. statistically significant reduction in lactobacillus ... | 2006 | 17123981 |
| [parasitic fauna and the frequency of entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar detected by elisa in stool samples in sanliurfa, turkey]. | amoebiasis is a significant health problem in developing countries. humans are infected by two morphologically identical species of entamoeba. entamoeba histolytica causes amebic colitis and liver abscess, and entamoeba dispar is noninvasive. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the e. histolytica/e. dispar complex using the elisa method on stools of patients. a total of 1600 stool specimens were examined using lugol preparations and the modified ritchie method. a total of 58 ... | 2006 | 17124656 |
| mass treatment for intestinal helminthiasis control in an amazonian endemic area in brazil. | the objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and evaluate the sanitary conditions and the role of a mass treatment campaign for control of these infections in santa isabel do rio negro. a cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2002, to obtain data related to the sanitary conditions of the population and fecal samples for parasitological examination in 308 individuals, followed by a mass treatment with albendazole or mebendazole with cover ... | 2006 | 17119673 |
| [occurrence of entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar in ambulatory patients of recife, pe]. | the objective this study was to determine the occurrence of the species entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba díspar in clinical samples of ambulatory patients in pernambuco. a specific assay for entamoeba histolytica was used in this study, which identified no positive fecal samples among the 213 patients. these results confirm that e. dispar is the dominant species in pernambuco state. | 2006 | 17119758 |
| interaction of vibrio cholerae o139 with an intestinal parasite, entamoeba histolytica. | 2006 | 17108284 | |
| [intestinal parasitosis in french west indies: endemic evolution from 1991 to 2003 in the university hospital of pointe-a-pitre, guadeloupe]. | guadeloupe is one of the french west indies, where, until 1960, intestinal parasitic infections were endemic. in the microbiological laboratory of the university hospital of the island, we carried out a retrospective study of the 17,660 stool examinations received from 1991 to 2003. all the stool specimens were examined using at least a wet mount preparation and a concentration method (bailenger). specific techniques such as ziehl-neelsen modified acid fast stain, chromotrope staining procedure ... | 2006 | 17111973 |
| pathogenicity of entamoeba dispar under xenic and monoxenic cultivation compared to a virulent e. histolytica. | two xenic isolates and cloned cultures of entamoeba dispar were submitted to monoxenization using crithidia fasciculata as the associated organism. growth in monoxenic cultivation and ability of xenic and monoxenic trophozoites to destroy vero cells and produce lesions in hamster livers were compared to those of a virulent e. histolytica. parental and cloned e. dispar under monoxenic cultivation showed a remarkable lower growth than the monoxenic e. histolytica and were avirulent in both in vivo ... | 2006 | 17086310 |
| expression, purification and crystallization of l-methionine gamma-lyase 2 from entamoeba histolytica. | l-methionine gamma-lyase (mgl) is considered to be an attractive target for rational drug development because the enzyme is absent in mammalian hosts. to enable structure-based design of drugs targeting mgl, one of the two mgl isoenzymes (ehmgl2) was crystallized in the orthorhombic space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 88.89, b = 102.68, c = 169.87 a. the crystal diffracted to a resolution of 2.0 a. the presence of a tetramer in the asymmetric unit (4 x 43.1 kda) gives a matt ... | 2006 | 17012806 |
| multidrug resistance in amoebiasis patients. | amoebiasis, caused by entamoeba sp. a protozoan parasite, is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries. the symptomatic patients are treated by specific chemotherapy. however, there are reports of treatment failure in some cases suggesting the possibility of drug resistance. the present study was therefore planned to assess the presence and expression of mrna of multidrug resistance (mdr) gene in clinical isolates of entamoeba histolytica and e. dispar. | 2006 | 17015933 |
| toward a rational design of selective multi-trypanosomatid inhibitors: a computational docking study. | compound v7, a benzothiazole which was recently found as selective inhibitor of trypanosomal tims, was docked into tims from trypanosoma cruzi, trypanosoma brucei, entamoeba histolytica, plasmodium falciparum, yeast, and human. structural analyses revealed the importance of the accessibility to the two aromatic clusters located at the dimer's interface for the selective inhibition of trypanosomal tims. thus, it was found that different accessibilities of the protein interface of tims plays an im ... | 2006 | 16997551 |
| expression and function of a family of transmembrane kinases from the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. | the signaling proteome of entamoeba histolytica is made of transmembrane kinases (tmks) that are rarely found in unicellular eukaryotes. there are 90 tmk genes reported for e. histolytica, and these have been grouped into nine distinct families based on motifs present on both extracellular and kinase domains. of these, the b1 family was chosen for further analysis. genomic sequencing revealed the presence of 28 members belonging to this family. genes corresponding to the majority of these were t ... | 2006 | 16926429 |
| evaluation of entamoeba histolytica antigen and antibody point-of-care tests for the rapid diagnosis of amebiasis. | the bedside diagnosis of amebiasis could improve patient care. in bangladesh and vietnam, a novel and simple-to-use entamoeba histolytica rapid antigen test had 97% sensitivity and 100% specificity compared to the results of a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay antigen detection method, and a rapid antibody test had 89 to 100% sensitivity and 89 to 95% specificity. | 2006 | 17035498 |
| preliminary evidence on existence of transplasma membrane electron transport in entamoeba histolytica trophozoites: a key mechanism for maintaining optimal redox balance. | entamoeba histolytica, an amitochondriate parasitic protist, was demonstrated to be capable of reducing the oxidized form of alpha-lipoic acid, a non permeable electron acceptor outside the plasma membrane. this transmembrane reduction of non permeable electron acceptors with redox potentials ranging from -290 mv to +360 mv takes place at neutral ph. the transmembrane reduction of non permeable electron acceptors was not inhibited by mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors such as antimycin ... | 2006 | 17039394 |
| identification of insertion hot spots for non-ltr retrotransposons: computational and biochemical application to entamoeba histolytica. | the genome of the human pathogen entamoeba histolytica contains non-long terminal repeat (ltr) retrotransposons, the ehlines and ehsines, which lack targeted insertion. we investigated the importance of local dna structure, and sequence preference of the element-encoded endonuclease (en) in selecting target sites for retrotransposon insertion. pre-insertion loci were tested computationally to detect unique features based on dna structure, thermodynamic considerations and protein interaction meas ... | 2006 | 17040894 |
| use of molecular tools to distinguish entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar infection among the aborigines in cameron highlands. | amoebiasis is an infectious diseased caused by parasitic one-celled protozoan called entamoeba histolytica. numerous protozoa also can inhabit the gastro-intestinal tract of human. majority of these protozoa are non-pathogenic commensals or only causes disease under certain circumstances. morphologically, e. histolytica, the invasive form, share the same characteristic with the nonpathogenic form, e. dispar. both strains can be distinguished by using dna identification. many previous researches ... | 2006 | 17041549 |
| some epidemiological aspects of intestinal parasites in women workers before going abroad. | a study was conducted in jakarta on 903 women workers before going abroad through stool examination by ritchie's technical method. of the women workers studied, 640 subjects (70.87%) were found to be infected with intestinal parasites either helminthes, protozoa or combination. out of those infected, 451 (70.47%) subjects were infected with intestinal helminthes, namely ascaris lumbricoides (38.13%), trichuris trichiura (28.13%), a combination of necator americanus and ancylostoma duodenale (13. ... | 2006 | 17041558 |
| infection of blastocystis hominis in primary schoolchildren from nakhon pathom province, thailand. | a study was conducted to evaluate the infection status of blastocystis hominis in children from four public schools in phuttamonthon district, nakhon pathom province, thailand during november to december 2004. a total of 814 faecal specimens were used for b. hominis cultivation using jones' medium. mixed infections with other intestinal parasites were also examined by formalin ethyl acetate concentration method. it was found that 13.51% (110 of 814) of the children examined were infected with b. ... | 2006 | 17041560 |
| ehrho1, a rhoa-like gtpase of entamoeba histolytica, is modified by clostridial glucosylating cytotoxins. | clostridial glucosylating cytotoxins inactivate mammalian rho gtpases by mono-o glucosylation of a conserved threonine residue located in the switch 1 region of the target protein. here we report that ehrho1, a rhoa-like gtpase from the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica, is glucosylated by clostridial cytotoxins. recombinant glutathione s-transferase-ehrho1 and ehrho1 from cell lysate of entamoeba histolytica were glucosylated by clostridium difficile toxin b and clostridium novyi alpha-t ... | 2006 | 17056697 |
| differentiation of entamoeba histolytica from entamoeba dispar by pcr-coupled nonisotopic sscp analysis. | entamoeba histolytica is a pathogenic protozoan parasite, which causes amoebic colitis, dysentery and liver abscesses in humans. since the cyst and small trophozoite stages of this parasite are indistinguishable by light microscopy from entamoeba dispar (which is nonpathogenic), specific diagnosis is compromised. to overcome this limitation, a pcr-coupled sscp approach, utilising a sequence difference of 4.6% in a short region ( approximately 173-174 bp) of the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal ... | 2006 | 17058306 |
| sensing dna methylation in the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. | in the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica, 5-methylcytosine (m5c) was found predominantly in repetitive elements. its formation is catalysed by ehmeth, a dna methyltransferase that belongs to the dnmt2 subfamily. here we describe a 32 kda nuclear protein that binds in vitro with higher affinity to the methylated form of a dna encoding a reverse transcriptase of an autonomous non-long-terminal repeat retrotransposon (rt line) compared with the non-methylated rt line. this protein, named e. ... | 2006 | 17059565 |
| microbicidal action of lactoferrin and lactoferricin and their synergistic effect with metronidazole in entamoeba histolytica. | lactoferrin (lf), in its iron-free form, has been shown to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. in the light of new agents to control amoebiasis, the microbicidal activity of human and bovine lf and bovine lactoferricin (blfcin, fragment 4-14), and of each combined with metronidazole, the main drug used in amoebiasis, was evaluated in trophozoites of entamoeba histolytica. both lactoferrins and blfcin were able to kill amoebas in a concentration-dependent manner. this killing effect ... | 2006 | 16936803 |
| differential detection of entamoeba histolytica, entamoeba dispar, and entamoeba moshkovskii by a single-round pcr assay. | a single-round pcr assay was developed for detection and differential diagnosis of the three entamoeba species found in humans, entamoeba moshkovskii, entamoeba histolytica, and entamoeba dispar, that are morphologically identical as both cysts and trophozoites. a conserved forward primer was derived from the middle of the small-subunit rrna gene, and reverse primers were designed from signature sequences specific to each of these three entamoeba species. pcr generates a 166-bp product with e. h ... | 2006 | 16954247 |
| new insights into the phylogeny of entamoeba species provided by analysis of four new small-subunit rrna genes. | sequences of small-subunit rrna genes have been obtained for four new isolates of entamoeba. phylogenetic analyses give new insights into the evolution of these organisms. a novel entamoeba from pigs in vietnam that produces uninucleate cysts proved to be unrelated to other uninucleated cyst-producing species. revival of the name entamoeba suis for this organism is proposed. instead of being related to entamoeba polecki, it shares a recent common ancestor with the non-encysting entamoeba gingiva ... | 2006 | 16957127 |
| comparative proteomic analysis of two entamoeba histolytica strains with different virulence phenotypes identifies peroxiredoxin as an important component of amoebic virulence. | entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan intestinal parasite that causes amoebic colitis and amoebic liver abscess. to identify virulence factors of e. histolytica, we first defined the phenotypes of two e. histolytica strains, hm-1:imss, the prototype virulent strain, and e. histolytica rahman, a strain that was reportedly less virulent than hm-1:imss. we found that compared with hm-1:imss, rahman has a defect in erythrophagocytosis and the ability to cause amoebic colitis in human colonic xenograf ... | 2006 | 16968225 |
| prevalence and species distribution of e. histolytica and e. dispar in the venda region, limpopo, south africa. | the prevalence and species distribution of entamoeba histolytica and e. dispar in the venda region were determined in stool samples collected from public hospitals and primary schools by elisa and a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr). e. histolytica was detected in 37/197 (18.8%) and 1/47 (2.1%) samples, whereas 50/197 (25.3%) and 4/47 (8.5%) had e. dispar in the hospitals and schools, respectively. the age groups most infected were 0-2 (33%) years followed by 20-29 years (27%). e. histolyti ... | 2006 | 16968943 |
| two cysteine protease inhibitors, ehicp1 and 2, localized in distinct compartments, negatively regulate secretion in entamoeba histolytica. | the enteric protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica uniquely possesses two isotypes of icps, a novel class of inhibitors for cysteine proteases. these two ehicps showed a remarkable difference in the ability to inhibit cysteine protease (cp) 5, a well-established virulence determinant, whereas they equally inhibited cp1 and cp2. immunofluorescence imaging and cellular fractionation showed that ehicp1 and ehicp2 are localized to distinct compartments. while ehicp1 is localized to the soluble cyt ... | 2006 | 16979632 |
| genetic diversity of glucose phosphate isomerase from entamoeba histolytica. | to investigate the molecular basis of zymodeme analysis in the enteric protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica, genes encoding glucose phosphate isomerase (gpi) were isolated from four representative e. histolytica strains belonging to zymodeme ii, iialpha-, xiv, or xix. two alleles were obtained from each strain; six alleles with eight polymorphic nucleotide positions were identified among the four strains. two of these eight polymorphic nucleotides resulted in non-conserved amino acid substit ... | 2006 | 16979933 |
| structural basis for the observed differential magnetic anisotropic tensorial values in calcium binding proteins. | lanthanide ions (ln(3+)), which have ionic radii similar to those of ca(2+), can displace the latter in a calcium binding protein, without affecting its tertiary structure. the paramagnetic ln(3+) possesses large anisotropic magnetic susceptibilities and produce pseudocontact shifts (pcss), which have r(-3) dependence. the pcs can be seen for spins as far as 45 a from the paramagnetic ion. they aid in structure refinement of proteins by providing long-range distance constraints. besides, they ca ... | 2006 | 16981203 |
| amoebic hepatic abscesses in an hiv-positive patient. | herein we report the case of hepatic amoebic abscesses in an hiv-positive italian seaman with a history of promiscuous heterosexual intercourse. in october 2004, the patient was hospitalized because of fever and recurring abdominal pain. abdominal ultrasonography revealed six hepatic hypoechoid oval lesions with hyperechoid margins. stool samples were negative for parasites and bacteria, and serology for entamoeba histolytica was also negative. therapy with meropenem plus levofloxacin was initia ... | 2006 | 16987046 |
| a bayesian approach to acute infectious diarrhea in adults. | acute infectious diarrhea is a yearly occurrence for most americans, and is associated with 1 million hospitalizations and about 6000 deaths in the united states annually. up to 80% of acute infectious diarrhea is caused by noroviruses, which produce a clinically mild illness with a predictable short course and good outcome that make laboratory testing and antimicrobial treatment unnecessary. most diarrhea-causing bacteria and protozoa can cause a clinical illness "like norovirus"; when they do ... | 2006 | 16880065 |
| treatment options for the eradication of intestinal protozoa. | pathogenic intestinal protozoa are responsible for clinically important infections in both the developed and the developing world. these organisms are responsible for both acute and chronic diarrhea, and entamoeba histolytica, which affects the colon, can spread to involve the liver. many of these pathogens, particularly the intracellular protozoa that predominantly affect the small intestine, produce their most devastating effects in patients with hiv/aids and other forms of immune deficiency. ... | 2006 | 16883348 |
| hepatogastric fistula in a pediatric patient. | hepatogastric fistula secondary to amebic liver abscess is extremely rare. only three pediatric cases have been reported in the english literature. percutaneous drainage of abscess along with parenteral metronidazole can prevent the need for extensive surgical intervention. timely intervention is usually followed by complete recovery. | 2006 | 16896810 |
| [worms that get on our nerves]. | 2006 | 16910466 | |
| [advances in research on virulence factors of entamoeba histolytica]. | the parasitic protozoan entamoeba histolytica is an important pathogen responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis in human, claiming up to 100 000 victims every year. this parasite is characterized by its high potential for invading and destroying human tissues. invasion past the mucous barrier of the colonic epithelium leads to the development of colitis and amebic dysentery. dissemination of the trophozoite through blood stream permits the invasion of other tissues, resulting in ... | 2006 | 17366980 |
| intestinal parasitosis among the elderly people in kathmandu valley. | present study was carried out among the elderly people (60+ years of age) from august 2005 to july 2006 in kathmandu valley to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in them. stool samples were collected from 235 elderly people (122 from government elderly home, 66 from private elderly home and 47 from the households in a rural community). the samples were examined by formal ether sedimentation and sheather's sucrose floatation followed by kinyoun's modified ziehl-neelsen staining. the ... | 2006 | 17357641 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasites in the area of parma during the year 2005. | intestinal parasitosis represent a relevant clinical problem, especially in developing countries, where they are responsible for morbidity and mortality in adults and children and many epidemiological data are available for these areas. the actual situation of intestinal parasitosis in europe is not yet well investigated since they are usually not notified. we describe the occurrence of intestinal parasitosis in our laboratory from january to december 2005. | 2006 | 17312984 |