Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| cytogenetic evaluation of two nitroimidazole derivatives. | 5-nitroimidazoles are a well-established group of antiprotozoal and antibacterial agents. thanks to their antimicrobial activity these chemotherapeutic agents inhibit the growth of both anaerobic bacteria and certain anaerobic protozoa such as trichomonas vaginalis, entamoeba histolytica and giardia lamblia. the aim of the present study is to achieve a precise characterization of the genotoxic activity of these compounds and to establish the value of cytogenetic assays in order to determine the ... | 2003 | 12537960 |
| prostate biopsy culture findings of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome do not differ from those of healthy controls. | previous reports have identified bacteria in the prostate of men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome. to examine whether prostatic bacteria are more prevalent among patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome than among those without pelvic pain, we compared 4-glass urine test and prostate biopsy results. | 2003 | 12544312 |
| reactivity of reduced [2fe-2s] ferredoxins parallels host susceptibility to nitroimidazoles. | the kinetics of the electron transfer reaction between reduced [2fe-2s] ferredoxins and select nitroimidazole antimicrobial agents is reported. the ferredoxins from the protozoan trichomonas vaginalis and the cyanobacterium anabaena sp. strain 7120 were studied because they are the proximal electron donors to nitroimidazoles in these two organisms with significantly different nitroimidazole susceptibilities. the rates of electron transfer from anabaena ferredoxin to all nitroimidazoles were 1 to ... | 2003 | 12499206 |
| urinary tract infection with trichomonas vaginalis in a premature newborn infant and the development of chronic lung disease. | we report a case of a low-birth-weight infant with an infection of the urinary tract with trichomonas vaginalis, who later developed cystic chronic lung disease suggestive of wilson-mikity syndrome. although she had mild respiratory distress syndrome at birth, the extent of the chronic lung disease was out of proportion to the initial illness. we speculate that maternal infection with this organism may have resulted in an inflammatory response that led to its development. | 2003 | 12556929 |
| the alpha-actinin gene family: a revised classification. | the sequencing of a genome is the first stage of its complete characterization. subsequent work seeks to utilize available sequence data to gain a better understanding of the genes which are found within a genome. gene families comprise large portions of the genomes of higher vertebrates, and the available genomic data allow for a reappraisal of gene family evolution. this reappraisal will clarify relatedness within and between gene families. one such family, the alpha-actinin gene family, is pa ... | 2003 | 12569417 |
| effect of treatment for chlamydia trachomatis during pregnancy. | to screen and treat chlamydial infection in pregnant women in order to assess the effects of therapeutic intervention on the outcome of chlamydia trachomatis-infected pregnancy. | 2003 | 12566185 |
| infrequent parental monitoring predicts sexually transmitted infections among low-income african american female adolescents. | to prospectively determine (using an 18-month follow-up period) the association between african american female adolescents' perceptions of parental monitoring and their acquisition of biologically confirmed infection with chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis. | 2003 | 12580687 |
| 'shelf life' of trichomonas vaginalis. | the diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection in women may be made by observing motile trichomonads in wet-mount preparations of vaginal discharge. the duration for which these organisms can be identified in such samples is unknown. we sought to assess this by performing wet-mount microscopy on samples from female patients immediately, and then in positive samples, every 10 minutes until motile trichomonads could no longer be identified. of the 65 wet-mount specimens positive for tv, a c ... | 2003 | 12590789 |
| accuracy of detection of trichomonas vaginalis organisms on a liquid-based papanicolaou smear. | the study was undertaken to determine the accuracy of the liquid-based papanicolaou (pap) smear in the detection of trichomonas vaginalis organisms in women. | 2003 | 12592239 |
| agents of non-gonococcal urethritis in males attending an israeli clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. | non-gonococcal urethritis is the most common clinical diagnosis in men seeking care at clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. | 2003 | 12592953 |
| a family history of deoxyribonuclease ii: surprises from trichinella spiralis and burkholderia pseudomallei. | deoxyribonuclease iialpha (dnase iialpha) is an acidic endonuclease found in lysosomes and nuclei, and it is also secreted. though its caenorhabditis elegans homolog, nuc-1, is required for digesting dna of apoptotic cell corpses and dietary dna, it is not required for viability. however, dnase iialpha is required in mice for correct development and viability, because undigested cell corpses lead to lesions throughout the body. recently, we showed that, in contrast to previous reports, active dn ... | 2003 | 12594037 |
| iron and contact with host cells induce expression of adhesins on surface of trichomonas vaginalis. | the proteins ap65, ap51, ap33 and ap23 synthesized by trichomonas vaginalis organisms in high iron play a role in adherence. multigene families encode enzymes of the hydrogenosome organelles, which have identity to adhesins. this fact raises questions regarding the compartmentalization of the proteins outside the organelle and about the interactions of adhesins with host cells. data here demonstrate the presence of the proteins outside the organelle under high-iron conditions. fluorescence and i ... | 2003 | 12603729 |
| trichomoniasis: what's new? | trichomonas vaginalis is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted disease in the world. recent research has elucidated several virulence factors that allow t. vaginalis to adhere to extracellular host proteins and evade the host immune system. further investigation is needed to determine the mechanisms responsible for the perinatal morbidity associated with trichomoniasis and to evaluate the interactions between trichomoniasis and hiv infection. an effort to decrease t. vaginalis associated ... | 2003 | 12641999 |
| sexual behavior of hiv discordant couples after hiv counseling and testing. | sexual behavior following voluntary hiv counseling and testing (vct) is described in 963 cohabiting heterosexual couples with one hiv positive and one hiv negative partner ('discordant couples'). biological markers were used to assess the validity of self-report. | 2003 | 12646797 |
| in vitro metronidazole and tinidazole activities against metronidazole-resistant strains of trichomonas vaginalis. | the in vitro activities of tinidazole and metronidazole against trichomonas vaginalis isolates clinically resistant to metronidazole were compared. minimal lethal concentrations (mlcs) of tinidazole were significantly lower than mlcs of metronidazole. increased metronidazole resistance correlated with increased tinidazole resistance. these data support a role for tinidazole in the treatment of trichomoniasis. | 2003 | 12654679 |
| is bacterial vaginosis associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia? | previous research has produced conflicting results regarding the association of bacterial vaginosis (bv) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (cin). these studies have been weakened in their conclusions mainly by failure to adequately control for the presence of sexually transmitted infections (stis). one proposed mechanism suggesting that carcinogenic nitrosamines acting either independently or via human papilloma virus (hpv) has not been fully tested previously. we undertook a prospective, c ... | 2003 | 12657117 |
| morphogenesis during division and griseofulvin-induced changes of the microtubular cytoskeleton in the parasitic protist, trichomonas vaginalis. | the behavior of microtubular structures during division was followed by immunofluorescence in trichomonas vaginalis using an anti-alpha-tubulin monoclonal antibody together with nuclear staining by dapi, allowing us to describe successive mitotic stages. in contrast to recent reports, we showed that: (1) the microtubular axostyle-pelta complex depolymerized during division, (2) the flagella were assembled during mitosis, and (3) the flagellar number was restored in each daughter kinetid before c ... | 2003 | 12658461 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: identification of a phospholipase a-dependent hemolytic activity in a vesicular subcellular fraction. | trichomonad total extracts (tte), or vesicular (p30) and soluble (530) subcellular fractions from 3 pathogenic trichomonas vaginalis strains (gt-3. gt-13. and gt-15), lysed both human and sprague-dawley rat erythrocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. the entire hemolytic activity of tte was located in p30, showing 2 peaks of maximum activity, one at ph 6.0 and another at ph 8.0. in the presence of 1 mm ca2+. hemolytic activity on rat erythrocytes was greater at ph 6.0 16.71 +/- 0.33 hemol ... | 2003 | 12659311 |
| tetracycline-inducible gene expression in trichomonas vaginalis. | transient and stable gene delivery systems are available for trichomonas vaginalis, however, they do not allow regulated expression of target genes. to study essential genes or proteins that are toxic to the cells when over expressed, we have developed an inducible/repressible gene expression system in this parasite, which is driven by the tet-operator (teto) and regulated tetracycline-responsive tet repressor (tetr). inducible chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) gene expression is observed ... | 2003 | 12706795 |
| antitrichomonas in vitro activity of cussonia holstii engl. | cussonia holstii is a traditional medicinal plant used in kenya, which has not been studied chemically up-to-date. upon biological screening, a substantial antitrichomonas activity was found in the dichloromethane extract of the bark of cussonia holstii. a detailed chromatographic study using centrifugal partition chromatography revealed that a pentacyclic triterpenoid, i.e., hederagenin, is the antitrichomonas constituent of the plant with a ic50 of 2.8 microm. | 2003 | 12713125 |
| identification of trichomonas vaginalis in papanicolaou smears by fluorescence microscopy. | 2003 | 12713485 | |
| geographical variations in the prevalence of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections in rural tanzania. | the prevalence and incidence of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections (stis) were recorded in two lake-island and eight rural mainland communities in mwanza, tanzania. the prevalence and incidence of hiv and syphilis were lower on the islands, but this pattern was not seen for herpes simplex virus type-2, gonorrhoea, chlamydia, male urethritis or antenatal prevalences of trichomonas vaginalis. island men reported fewer sexual partners than mainland men but no differences were found for w ... | 2003 | 12716499 |
| evaluation of an igg cystatin capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of anti-cysteine proteinase antibodies in asymptomatic trichomoniasis patients. | all isolates of t. vaginalis release cysteine proteinases proteolytic enzymes that are shed into the vagina or culture medium. cystatin has been used successfully as a capture agent in elisa to detect cysteine proteinase antibodies without the need for purified proteinases. the elisa was evaluated in comparison to wet mount microscopy and culture techniques. igg cystatin capture elisa proved to be a sensitive and highly specific (100%) assay that could rapidly detect anti-cysteine proteinase ant ... | 2003 | 12739802 |
| perspective of a new diagnostic for human trichomonosis. | several diagnostic techniques have been employed for the detection of trichomonas vaginalis. microtubules constitute the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells and are sensitive to antimitotic drugs, such as taxol (paclitaxel). we used flutax a fluorescent taxoid - to analyze the microtubule distribution in living trophozoites of t. vaginalis in urine and in vaginal discharge. a high intensity of fluorescence was observed in living t. vaginalis, epithelial cells and leukocytes present in urine and vag ... | 2003 | 12764446 |
| trichomonas vaginalis hmp35, a putative pore-forming hydrogenosomal membrane protein, can form a complex in yeast mitochondria. | an abundant integral membrane protein, hmp35, has been isolated from hydrogenosomes of trichomonas vaginalis. this protein has no known homologue and exists as a stable 300-kda complex, termed hmp35, in membranes of the hydrogenosome. by using blue native gel electrophoresis, we found the hmp35 complex to be stable in 2 m nacl and up to 5 m urea. the endogenous hmp35 protein was largely protease-resistant. the protein has a predominantly beta-sheet structure and predicted transmembrane domains t ... | 2003 | 12766161 |
| value of consistent condom use: a study of sexually transmitted disease prevention among african american adolescent females. | 2003 | 12773349 | |
| addition of treatment for trichomoniasis to syndromic management of urethritis in malawi: a randomized clinical trial. | male urethritis is generally treated syndromically, but failure of empirical treatment is common. | 2003 | 12782954 |
| should we offer antibiotic prophylaxis post sexual assault? | our objective was to assess whether antibiotic prophylaxis should be offered to women post sexual assault by considering acceptability of prophylaxis, follow up attendance rates and the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (stis) in these women. retrospective case notes review of female survivors of rape or sexual assault attending the rose clinic, ambrose king centre, royal london hospital between 1 january 1997 and 31 may 1999 was carried out. the following selection criteria were app ... | 2003 | 12662387 |
| modulation by polypodium leucotomos extract of cytokine patterns in experimental trichomoniasis model. | the immunomodulating effects of anapsos, an aqueous hydrosoluble extract obtained from the rhizomes of the fern polypodium leucotomos, on both pathogenicity and cytokine levels in serum (ifn-gamma/il-4) were assayed in a trichomonas vaginalis experimental model (balb/c mice infected with 10(7) trichomonads and examined at day 15 after infection). doses of 20 mg/kg/day administered for 10 days before the infection with the parasite induced a decrease of the experimental pathogenicity approximatel ... | 2003 | 12669353 |
| molecular biology of the amitochondriate parasites, giardia intestinalis, entamoeba histolytica and trichomonas vaginalis. | the amitochondriates are an assembly of unicellular protists that lack mitochondria, and often other typical eukaryotic organelles, such as peroxisomes. relatively little research has been conducted on amitochondriates, even though marine waters are likely to be teeming with such organisms, representing yet unknown protist lineages. the three amitochondriates that have been studied in any detail are the three mucosal human parasites: giardia, trichomonas and entamoeba. these pathogens have world ... | 2003 | 12670510 |
| assessment of the validity of and adherence to sexually transmitted infection algorithms at a female sex worker clinic in abidjan, côte d'ivoire. | algorithms for sexually transmitted infection (sti) case management were designed in a female sex worker (fsw) clinic in abidjan, côte d'ivoire, in 1993. | 2003 | 12671546 |
| adenosine is the primary precursor of all purine nucleotides in trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoan and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, lacks de novo purine nucleotide synthesis and possesses a unique purine salvage pathway, consisting of a bacterial type purine nucleoside phosphorylase and a purine nucleoside kinase. it is generally believed that adenine and guanine are converted to their corresponding nucleosides and then further phosphorylated to form amp and gmp, respectively, as the main as well as the essential pathway of replenishing t ... | 2003 | 12672523 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: in vitro attachment and internalization of hiv-1 and hiv-1-infected lymphocytes. | sexually transmitted diseases (stds) caused by bacteria and protozoa play an important role in the epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) infection. human trichomoniasis, produced by the protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis, is one of the most common stds, and is a cause of mucosal lesions in the urogenital tract, which may increase the risk for hiv infection. however, there are no reports concerning the outcome of in vitro interactions between hiv particles and trichomonads. t ... | 2003 | 12674478 |
| should family planning clinics provide clinical services for sexually transmitted infections? a case study from côte d'ivoire. | to evaluate the quality and usefulness of integrated sexually transmitted infection (sti) care at non-governmental family planning (fp) clinics in côte d'ivoire. | 2003 | 12791061 |
| pulmonary coinfection by trichomonas vaginalis and pneumocystis sp. as a novel manifestation of aids. | a 41-year-old man was hospitalized, presenting increasing dyspnea and extensive ground-glass opacities on chest x-ray. infection by human immunodeficiency virus was confirmed. cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed numerous trichomonads and aggregates of pneumocystis sp. treatment was followed by rapid improvement of respiratory symptoms and chest x-ray. the trichomonad species found in the lungs was identified as trichomonas vaginalis by small-subunit rrna gene amplifica ... | 2003 | 12792927 |
| late recurrence of resistant trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis: relapse or re-infection? | distinguishing between re-infection and relapse of trichomonas infections is often a difficult task in the clinical setting. the chronicity of trichomonas infections and the ongoing sexual activity are two confounding factors. we present a patient with recurrent resistant vaginal trichomoniasis shortly following a sexual contact with an untreated partner after a complete response to treatment with tinidazole for nine months. we hypothesise that re-infection occurred from the asymptomatic partner ... | 2003 | 12794219 |
| was the papanicolaou smear responsible for the decline of trichomonas vaginalis? | 2003 | 12794224 | |
| interventions for treating trichomoniasis in women. | around 120 million women worldwide suffer from trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis every year. the infection is sexually transmitted and is believed to facilitate hiv transmission. | 2003 | 12804391 |
| is there a seasonal difference in the detection of trichomonas vaginalis by cervical cytology? | this objective of our study was to determine the prevalence of a trichomonas vaginalis diagnosis in routine papanicolaou smears and whether it is seasonal. we reviewed the diagnosis rendered for 93,681 papanicolaou smears evaluated at a medical school hospital laboratory between 1992 and 1997. the occurrence of a diagnosis of t. vaginalis was analyzed by year, by quarter, and by month using a generalized linear regression model. the prevalence of a t. vaginalis diagnosis during the 6-year study ... | 2003 | 12806119 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: evaluating capsid proteins of dsrna viruses and the dsrna virus within patients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. | some isolates of trichomonas vaginalis, the number one, non-viral sexually transmitted disease agent, are infected with one or several distinct double stranded (ds)-rna virus. immune rabbit anti-capsid serum (irs) reacted with the capsid protein of purified dsrna virus of a subset of the virus-infected t. vaginalis isolates. a monoclonal antibody (mab) that recognized the capsid protein reactive with the irs was generated. analysis of the virus capsid protein of virus-infected isolates by probin ... | 2003 | 12810045 |
| double stranded rna virus in south african trichomonas vaginalis isolates. | to screen trichomonas vaginalis isolates from south africa for the presence of a small double stranded rna virus designated t vaginalis virus (tvv). | 2003 | 12835302 |
| antibacterial activity of artocarpus heterophyllus. | the crude methanolic extracts of the stem and root barks, stem and root heart-wood, leaves, fruits and seeds of artocarpus heterophyllus and their subsequent partitioning with petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and butanol gave fractions that exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. the butanol fractions of the root bark and fruits were found to be the most active. none of the fractions were active against the fungi tested. | 2003 | 12837372 |
| in vitro susceptibility of trichomonas vaginalis to at-specific minor groove binding drugs. | trichomoniasis is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, with around 120 million world-wide suffering from trichomonas vaginalis-induced vaginitis every year. although trichomoniasis can be treated with metronidazole, the prevalence of metronidazole-resistant t. vaginalis seems to be increasing. since the percentage of at base pairs in t. vaginalis dna (71%) is very much higher than in human cells, in this study a series of bisquaternary quinolinium salt compounds with high at-bin ... | 2003 | 12837730 |
| biochemical and genetic evidence for a family of heterotrimeric g-proteins in trichomonas vaginalis. | we have cloned a single copy gene from the human parasite trichomonas vaginalis that encodes a putative protein of 402 amino acids with approximately 35% sequence identity to known alpha subunits of heterotrimeric g-proteins. it contains the characteristic gtp binding domains g-1 to g-5 with the key residues conserved. the new sequence has an unusual n-terminal extension of approximately 70 residues that cannot be aligned to reference g-proteins and which is characterised by proline-rich repeats ... | 2003 | 12850262 |
| assessing functional divergence in ef-1alpha and its paralogs in eukaryotes and archaebacteria. | a number of methods have recently been published that use phylogenetic information extracted from large multiple sequence alignments to detect sites that have changed properties in related protein families. in this study we use such methods to assess functional divergence between eukaryotic ef-1alpha (eef-1alpha), archaebacterial ef-1alpha (aef-1alpha) and two eukaryote-specific ef-1alpha paralogs-eukaryotic release factor 3 (erf3) and hsp70 subfamily b suppressor 1 (hbs1). overall, the evolutio ... | 2003 | 12853641 |
| [solcotrichovac--an original concept without antibiotics]. | 2003 | 12858502 | |
| high rates of trichomonas vaginalis among men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic: implications for screening and urethritis management. | trichomonas is a cause of nongonococcal urethritis (ngu); however, studies of its prevalence in men have been hampered by the lack of sensitive diagnostics. dna amplification allows for reappraisal of the extent of infection in men. men attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic were tested for trichomonas, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. the prevalence of these pathogens was 17%, 19.6%, and 17.7% respectively. in men with ngu, 19.9% were infected with trichomonas. these data have implications f ... | 2003 | 12870131 |
| [isoenzyme analysis on different isolates of trichomonas vaginalis]. | to study the biological types on the seven isolates of trichomonas vaginalis from beijing, hebei-tangshan, hebei-chengde and jiangxi-jiujiang in the mainland of china. | 2003 | 12884623 |
| trichomonas vaginalis orchitis with associated severe oligoasthenoteratospermia and hypogonadism. | 2003 | 12913736 | |
| identification and characterization of two isoenzymes of methionine gamma-lyase from entamoeba histolytica: a key enzyme of sulfur-amino acid degradation in an anaerobic parasitic protist that lacks forward and reverse trans-sulfuration pathways. | to better understand the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids, which likely plays a key role in a variety of cell functions, in entamoeba histolytica, we searched the genome data base for genes encoding putative orthologs of enzymes known to be involved in the metabolism. the search revealed that e. histolytica possesses only incomplete cysteine-methionine conversion pathways in both directions. instead, this parasite possesses genes encoding two isoenzymes of methionine gamma-lyase (ec 4 ... | 2003 | 12920135 |
| detection of trichomonas vaginalis by combined a6p and p65 sequences using pcr amplification from papanicolaou-stained smears. | 2003 | 12920769 | |
| [survival of trichomonas vaginalis in the environmental media]. | the survival of trichomonas vaginalis outside of the body and from culture media was evaluated under environmental conditions using adsorbent (towels) and non adsorbent (plastic wells) surfaces. after 120 min of exposition under external conditions recovery of parasites from clinical samples showed viable protozoa onto adsorbent and non adsorbent surfaces (5.1% and 30.5%, respectively), as well as for parasites harvested from culture media and assayed onto both surfaces (77.2% and 81.8%, respect ... | 2003 | 12920996 |
| calcium regulation in protozoan parasites. | the calcium ion (ca(2+)) is used as a major signaling molecule in a diverse range of eukaryotic cells including several human parasitic protozoa, such as trypanosoma cruzi, trypanosoma brucei, leishmania spp, plasmodium spp, toxoplasma gondii, cryptosporidium parvum, entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia and trichomonas vaginalis. ca(2+) is critical for invasion of intracellular parasites, and its cytosolic concentration is regulated by the concerted operation of several transporters present in ... | 2003 | 12941405 |
| trichomonas vaginalis initiator binding protein, ibp39, contains a novel dna binding motif. | 2003 | 12946857 | |
| review of cytologic criteria of bacterial vaginosis: examination of 2,841 papanicolaou-stained vaginal smears. | to review the cytologic criteria used in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis cases [bv (+)], 2,841 papanicolaou-stained vaginal smears were examined cytologically. clue cells and other cytologic findings were observed in 94 of 2,841 (3.30%) vaginal smears. to detect bv(+) cases, 94 vaginal smears were screened again. clue cells, profuse free cocci among cornified type epithelial cells, absence of pmnls, and vaginal lactobacilli were detected in 43 of 94 (45.74%). the observation of free cocci w ... | 2003 | 12951684 |
| loa loa presenting in a thinprep pap test: case report and review of parasites in cervicovaginal cytology specimens. | parasites other than trichomonas vaginalis may occasionally present in pap tests obtained during gynecologic examination. we present a case of loa loa found on a pap test from an apparently healthy 19-yr-old woman who had immigrated to the us at the age of 15 from cameroon. we discuss the cytologic features from this case and then briefly review loa loa and the presence of parasites in pap tests and other cervicovaginal specimens. | 2003 | 12951687 |
| comparing first-void urine specimens, self-collected vaginal swabs, and endocervical specimens to detect chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae by a nucleic acid amplification test. | we set out to determine the prevalences of chlamydia trachomatis and neisseria gonorrhoeae by ligase chain reaction as well as to determine the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis by culture in a large and diverse national sample of non-health-care-seeking young women entering the military; we also sought to compare the abilities of three different techniques of collecting specimens (first-void urine, self-collected vaginal swab, and clinician-collected endocervical swab) to identify a positive ... | 2003 | 12958275 |
| prevalence of lower genital tract infection among women attending maternal and child health and family planning clinics in hanoi, vietnam. | to determine the prevalence of lower genital tract infection (lgti) with candida spp, trichomonas vaginalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, and bacterial vaginosis among symptomatic and asymptomatic women attending maternal and child health and family planning (mch/fp) clinics in hanoi, vietnam. a multi-centered, cross-sectional descriptive study stratified by reported symptoms of vaginal discharge was carried out in three mch/fp clinics among 1,000 women aged 18-44 years in 1998. ... | 2003 | 12971565 |
| sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in kupang, indonesia: searching for a screening algorithm to detect cervical gonococcal and chlamydial infections. | notifications of hiv infection in indonesia are increasing, but there are few data on other sexually transmitted infections (stis), especially in the eastern islands of indonesia. we aimed to measure the prevalence of stis among female sex workers (fsws) in kupang, west timor, and to develop screening algorithms to detect cervical infections with neisseria gonorrhoeae and/or chlamydia trachomatis (ng/ct). | 2003 | 12972788 |
| a comparative evaluation of the papanicolaou test for the diagnosis of trichomoniasis. | trichomoniasis is the most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted disease in humans worldwide. in addition to its pathologic implications, trichomoniasis is a risk factor for the transmission of the hiv and is associated with reproductive complications in females. diagnosis of the disease is problematic due to inadequate accuracy of current diagnostic methods. recently developed dna-based techniques for detection of trichomonas vaginalis seem to be promising alternatives. | 2003 | 12972792 |
| drug resistance in the sexually transmitted protozoan trichomonas vaginalis. | trichomoniasis is the most common, sexually transmitted infection. it is caused by the flagellated protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis. symptoms include vaginitis and infections have been associated with preterm delivery, low birth weight and increased infant mortality, as well as predisposing to hiv/aids and cervical cancer. trichomoniasis has the highest prevalence and incidence of any sexually transmitted infection. the 5-nitroimidazole drugs, of which metronidazole is the most prescribe ... | 2003 | 12974614 |
| osmoregulation in the parasitic protozoan tritrichomonas foetus. | tritrichomonas foetus was shown to undergo a regulatory volume increase (rvi) when it was subjected to hyperosmotic challenge, but there was no regulatory volume decrease after hypoosmotic challenge, as determined by using both light-scattering methods and measurement of intracellular water space to monitor cell volume. an investigation of t. foetus intracellular amino acids revealed a pool size (65 mm) that was similar to that of trichomonas vaginalis but was considerably smaller than those of ... | 2003 | 12902238 |
| use of urine polymerase chain reaction to define the prevalence and clinical presentation of trichomonas vaginalis in men attending an std clinic. | to determine the prevalence and clinical features of trichomonas vaginalis (tv) infection in men. | 2003 | 12690140 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: microtubule cytoskeleton distribution using fluorescent taxoid. | trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated parasitic protist of the human urogenital tract. the parasite has a poorly known cytoskeleton formed by an axostyle and a pelta, which are formed by stable structures such as microtubules, essential for the maintenance of cell shape and organization. flutax-2 is an active fluorescent derivative of taxol, binds to alphabeta-tubulin dimer polymerized. in this paper we present the analysis of microtubule distribution in living trophozoites of t. vaginalis usin ... | 2002 | 12706747 |
| [evaluation of direct microscopic examination, acridine orange staining and culture methods for studies of trichomonas vaginalis in vaginal discharge specimens]. | trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of human trichomoniasis which is a sexually transmitted disease mainly in women. the infection may be asymptomatic or symptomatic such as severe vaginitis and cervicitis. the aim of this study was to compare direct microscopic examination, acridine orange stained examination and culture in modified diamond medium, for the detection of t. vaginalis from the vaginal swab samples of 310 patients (age ranges: 17-45 years old) who were complaining from vag ... | 2002 | 12838668 |
| optimization of random amplified polymorphic dna techniques for its use in genetic studies of trichomonas vaginalis isolates. | the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) technique is a simple method to detect dna polymorphism. several factors can affect the amplification profiles causing the presence of false bands and assay non-reproducibility. in this study, we analyzed the effect of changing concentrations of the primer, template dna and taq dna polymerase with the goal of determining their optimum concentration for the standardization of the rapd technique for genetic studies of trichomonas vaginalis, a parasite th ... | 2002 | 12798003 |
| prevalence of asymptomatic genital infection among pregnant women in benin city, nigeria. | the prevalence of asymptomatic genital infection among pregnant women and their susceptibility to antibacterial agents was investigated to provide baseline data on common asymptomatic genital microorganisms and identify potentials for development of clinical disease among this cohort of patients. high vaginal swabs were obtained from five hundred consecutive and consenting pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the university of benin teaching hospital (ubth) and the central hospital, ... | 2002 | 12685413 |
| synthesis, antiprotozoal and anticancer activity of substituted 2-trifluoromethyl- and 2-pentafluoroethylbenzimidazoles. | the synthesis of several halogenated benzimidazoles substituted in position 2 with trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl and 2-thioethylaminodimethyl group is reported. antiprotozoal and anticancer activity of series of newly synthesized and previously obtained compounds was studied. all of tested bezimidazoles showed remarkable antiprotozoal activity against giardia intestinalis, entamoeba histolytica and trichomonas vaginalis. of the studied collection of halogenated benzimidazoles the most antica ... | 2002 | 12660022 |
| role of the vaginal microbiological ecosystem and cytokine profile in the promotion of cervical dysplasia: a case-control study. | to identify alterations in the cytokine profile and microbial ecosystem of the vagina in association with cervical dysplasia. | 2002 | 12648311 |
| [systematic search for parasites among leprosy patients in mali]. | practice of multidrug therapy in leprosy (combination dapsone + rifampicine + clofazimine) established since 1981, has significantly reduced the incidence of the disease. however, immunosuppression due to treatment of multi-drugs therapy induced adverse reactions with glucocorticoid and the change in host immune response due to the leprosy itself, might increase the risk of parasitic infections. to test this hypothesis, we carried out a case-control study at the "institut marchoux" in bamako. st ... | 2002 | 12616942 |
| [comparative effect of different media in in vitro cultivation of trichomonas vaginalis]. | to investigate the optimal condition for in vitro cultivation of trichomonas vaginalis for obtaining a better harvest of t. vaginalis. | 2002 | 12567545 |
| [association between mycoplasma genitalium and preterm labor]. | m. genitalium was identified by using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the samples were obtained from the posterior vaginal fornix between 21-25 gestation weeks and investigated for ph, gram stain for bacterial vaginosis; chlamidia trachomartis; neisseria gonorrhoeae; trichomonas vaginalis. of 102 pregnant women, only five had a pcr-positive for m. genitalium. the occurrence of m. genitalium in posterior vaginal fornix at midtrimester is infrequent in pregnant women and unlikely to be a contribu ... | 2002 | 12577501 |
| the chitinase system from trichomonas vaginalis as a potential target for antimicrobial therapy of urogenital trichomoniasis. | chitinolytic activities in trichomonas vaginalis membrane extracts were assessed by assays of three enzyme systems: n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase (nahase), chitobiosidase and chitotriosidase. n-acetyl-beta-d-hexosaminidase was the enzyme that showed the highest specific activity. after successive subcutaneous inoculations into mice and parasite recovery in culture, the enzyme activities increased significantly with the number of inoculations for up to eight passages. in addition, enzyme activit ... | 2002 | 12504272 |
| effect of the iron chelator deferoxamine on trichomonas vaginalis in vitro. | the effect of 10 micromol, 15 micromol, 30 micromol, and 60 micromol concentrations of deferoxamine (dfo), a clinically approved iron chelator, was determined on viability and multiplication of trichomonas vaginalis grown in tym axenic culture medium at 24 hours interval. dfo killed all t. vaginalis isolates with a minimum lethal concentration of 30 micromol after 48 hours culture incubation with the drug. a potent and persistent inhibitory effect of dfo on the parasite viability and multiplicat ... | 2002 | 12512803 |
| self-collected vaginal swabs for the detection of multiple sexually transmitted infections in adolescent girls. | to evaluate the use of self-collected vaginal swabs to test for neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, and trichomonas vaginalis, and to describe the acceptability of this technique to adolescents. | 2002 | 12547662 |
| characterization of an iron-responsive promoter in the protozoan pathogen trichomonas vaginalis. | iron has been shown to regulate transcription in the protozoan pathogen trichomonas vaginalis. in this study, a dna transfection system was developed to monitor ap65-1 promoter activity in response to changing iron supply. in conjunction with electrophoretic mobility shift assay, iron-induced transcription of the ap65-1 gene was shown to be regulated by multiple closely spaced dna elements spanning an iron-responsive region (-110/-54), including an iron-responsive dna element ((-98)agataacga(-90 ... | 2002 | 11741916 |
| development and validation of a pcr-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with urine for use in clinical research settings to detect trichomonas vaginalis in women. | trichomonas vaginalis infection is highly prevalent worldwide and is associated with poor birth outcomes and enhanced human immunodeficiency virus transmission. traditional detection methods rely on microscopic examination of vaginal specimens (wet mount) and culture, which can be insensitive and time-consuming. more than 3,000 women attending two sexually transmitted disease clinics were enrolled in this cross-sectional study to evaluate urine-based pcr for detection of t. vaginalis using a com ... | 2002 | 11773098 |
| the bali std/aids study: evaluation of an intervention for sex workers. | prostitution has been an important factor in the spread of hiv infection in asia. interventions need to be developed to reduce the risk of transmission of sexually transmitted infections in this area. | 2002 | 11773879 |
| trichomonas vaginalis is associated with pelvic inflammatory disease in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | we assessed the association between the causative agents of vaginal discharge and pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) among women attending a rural sexually transmitted disease clinic in south africa; the role played by coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) was studied. vaginal and cervical specimens were obtained to detect neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis, and bacterial vaginosis. hiv-1 infection was established by use of serum antibody te ... | 2002 | 11797180 |
| genitourinary infections and their association with preterm labor. | genitourinary tract infections are one cause of preterm delivery. prematurity is one of the leading causes of perinatal mortality in the united states. uterine contractions may be induced by cytokines and prostaglandins, which are released by microorganisms. asymptomatic bacteriuria, gonococcal cervicitis and bacterial vaginosis are strongly associated with preterm delivery. the role of chlamydia trachomatis, trichomonas vaginalis and ureaplasma urealyticum is less clear. by adopting a rational ... | 2002 | 11820488 |
| vitamin a deficiency and genital tract infections in women living in central africa. | 2002 | 11832693 | |
| definition of a type of abnormal vaginal flora that is distinct from bacterial vaginosis: aerobic vaginitis. | to define an entity of abnormal vaginal flora: aerobic vaginitis. | 2002 | 11845812 |
| a spliceosomal intron in giardia lamblia. | short introns occur in numerous protist lineages, but there are no reports of intervening sequences in the protists giardia lamblia and trichomonas vaginalis, which may represent the deepest known branches in the eukaryotic line of descent. we have discovered a 35-bp spliceosomal intron in a gene encoding a putative [2fe-2s] ferredoxin of g. lamblia. the giardia intron contains a canonical splice site at its 3' end (ag), a noncanonical splice site at its 5' end (ct), and a branch point sequence ... | 2002 | 11854456 |
| trichomonas vaginalis: characterization of a family of p-type atpase genes. | p-type atpases are ion-transporting pumps that enable organisms to control cellular functions and survive changing environmental conditions by regulating internal ion concentrations. eight p-type atpases were identified in the amitochondriate protist trichomonas vaginalis using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification with oligonucleotide primers that recognize conserved motifs present in all p-type atpases, the atp phosphorylation site (dktgtlt) and the atp binding site (tgdgvnd). phylogen ... | 2002 | 11880226 |
| giardia intestinalis, a eukaryote without hydrogenosomes, produces hydrogen. | the microaerophilic flagellated protist giardia intestinalis, the commonest protozoal agent of intestinal infections worldwide, is of uncertain phylogeny, but is usually regarded as the earliest branching of the eukaryotic clades. under strictly anaerobic conditions, a mass spectrometric investigation of gas production indicated a low level of generation of dihydrogen (2 nmol x min(-1) per 10(7) organisms), about 10-fold lower than that in trichomonas vaginalis under similar conditions. hydrogen ... | 2002 | 11882707 |
| a hydrogenosomal [fe]-hydrogenase from the anaerobic chytrid neocallimastix sp. l2. | the presence of a [fe]-hydrogenase in the hydrogenosomes of the anaerobic chytridiomycete fungus neocallimastix sp. l2 has been demonstrated by immunocytochemistry, subcellular fractionation, western-blotting and measurements of hydrogenase activity in the presence of various concentrations of carbon monoxide (co). since the hydrogenosomal hydrogenase activity can be inhibited nearly completely by low concentrations of co, it is likely that the [fe]-hydrogenase is responsible for at least 90% of ... | 2002 | 11891051 |
| intrauterine infection and prematurity. | intrauterine infection is a major cause of premature labor with and without intact membranes. intrauterine infection is present in approximately 25% of all preterm births and the earlier the gestational age at delivery, the higher the frequency of intra-amniotic infection. microorganisms may also gain access to the fetus before delivery. a fetal inflammatory response syndrome elicited in response to microbial products is associated with the impending onset of preterm labor and also with multi-sy ... | 2002 | 11921380 |
| [vulvovaginitis caused by candida spp. and trichomonas vaginalis in sexually active women]. | vulvovaginitis accounts for 20 to 30% of gynecological diseases and it is observed in women from 20 to 30 years of age. it has a higher frequency in women using oral contraceptives and during the third trimester of pregnancy. the aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of candida spp and trichomonas vaginalis in patients with the diagnosis of vulvovaginitis from the gynecology service in hospital universitario "ruiz y páez" in ciudad bolívar and hospital "raúl leoni" in san félix (bolí ... | 2002 | 11921745 |
| in vitro activity of nitazoxanide and related compounds against isolates of giardia intestinalis, entamoeba histolytica and trichomonas vaginalis. | the activities of the n-(nitrothiazolyl) salicylamide nitazoxanide and its metabolite tizoxanide were compared with metronidazole in vitro in microplates against six axenic isolates of giardia intestinalis. tizoxanide was eight times more active than metronidazole against metronidazole-susceptible isolates and twice as active against a resistant isolate. in 10 axenic isolates of entamoeba histolytica, while tizoxanide was almost twice as active as metronidazole against more susceptible isolates, ... | 2002 | 11751773 |
| interrelationships among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and the presence of yeasts. | vaginal discharge of mixed etiology occurs frequently, with abnormal vaginal flora being the most common condition. the interrelationships among the disturbance of the vaginal ecology, the presence of yeasts, and infection with trichomonas vaginalis and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) were investigated among women presenting to a sexually transmitted diseases service. analysis was done for 598 women. although the prevalence of hiv-1 infection increased linearly with increasing nugent ... | 2002 | 11756983 |
| timing of inoculation of the pouch makes no difference in increased detection of trichomonas vaginalis by the inpouch tv method. | the inpouch tv is a method which combines a wet preparation and a culture method to detect trichomonas vaginalis. the top portion of the inpouch tv essentially functions as a slide to be examined under the microscope. if the initial examination is negative, the specimen is pushed down into the bottom pouch, which serves as a broth for cultivation. the issue of timing has not been specifically addressed for optimal processing. to assess the effect of timing on the inoculation of the bottom pouch, ... | 2002 | 11923361 |
| phylogenetic relationships between the six superoxide dismutase proteins (fesod) of trichomonas vaginalis and fesod6 genetic diversity. | the parasitic protozoan trichomonas vaginalis is known to contain several types of fe-containing superoxide dismutase proteins (fesod). using three different methods of phylogenetic analysis, maximum parsimony (mp), neighbor joining (nj), and maximum likelihood (ml) methods, we examined the phylogenetic relationships among the six fesod (fesod1-fesod6) based on their amino acid sequences. all the analyses consistently suggested that the six proteins formed a monophyletic group implying that they ... | 2002 | 11938694 |
| a form of cell death with some features resembling apoptosis in the amitochondrial unicellular organism trichomonas vaginalis. | one of hallmarks of apoptosis is the degradation and concomitant compaction of chromatin. it is assumed that caspases and caspase-independent pathways are rate limiting for the development of nuclear apoptosis. the caspase-independent pathway involves apoptosis-inducing factor (aif) and leads to dna fragmentation and peripheral chromatin condensation. both pathways are the result of activation of death signals that the mitochondrion receives, integrates, and responds to with the release of vario ... | 2002 | 11978006 |
| in vivo expression of ferredoxin in a drug resistant trichomonad increases metronidazole susceptibility. | 2002 | 11985873 | |
| specific iga response, t-cell subtype and cytokine profile in experimental intravaginal trichomoniasis. | trichomoniasis caused by trichomonas vaginalis may lead to either a complete absence of symptoms or to severe inflammatory manifestations in infected women. studies of the role of immune responses in the pathogenesis and varied symptomatology of this disease are lacking. mice may prove useful as an experimental model for intravaginal trichomoniasis in developing an understanding of the role of local immune responses in the pathogenesis and varied symptomatology of this disease. the present study ... | 2002 | 11999021 |
| scanning electron microscopy in the investigation of the in vitro hemolytic activity of trichomonas vaginalis. | the in vitro hemolytic activity of trichomonas vaginalis has been previously demonstrated, but the mechanisms involved remain to be elucidated. in this work we used scanning electron microscopy to investigate the contact dependency of the hemolytic phenomenon caused by the parasites. the erythrocytes adhered to the parasites' surface and were phagocytosed. these observations suggest that the contact between t. vaginalis and erythrocytes may be an important mechanism in the injury caused to the e ... | 2002 | 11999024 |
| analyses of rna polymerase ii genes from free-living protists: phylogeny, long branch attraction, and the eukaryotic big bang. | the phylogenetic relationships among major eukaryotic protist lineages are largely uncertain. two significant obstacles in reconstructing eukaryotic phylogeny are long-branch attraction (lba) effects and poor taxon sampling of free-living protists. we have obtained and analyzed gene sequences encoding the largest subunit of rna polymerase ii (rpb1) from naegleria gruberi (a heterolobosean), cercomonas atcc 50319 (a cercozoan), and ochromonas danica (a heterokont); we have also analyzed the rpb1 ... | 2002 | 12032239 |
| separable putative polyadenylation and cleavage motifs in trichomonas vaginalis mrnas. | 3' untranslated region processing and polyadenylation in trichomonas vaginalis was analyzed by 3' rapid amplification of cdna ends and sequence analysis of t. vaginalis mrnas. a putative polyadenylation signal with the sequence uaaa was found 11-30 nucleotides upstream from the cleavage site. the motif pyrimidine( downward arrow)(a)(0-3)aauu is proposed to be the cleavage site for polyadenylation of transcripts. this potential sequence defining the cleavage site for polyadenylation in eukaryotes ... | 2002 | 12036586 |
| what sexually transmitted disease screening method does the adolescent prefer? adolescents' attitudes toward first-void urine, self-collected vaginal swab, and pelvic examination. | to assess sexually active adolescents' attitudes toward 3 screening collection techniques for detection of chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and trichomonas vaginalis using first-void urine (fvu), self-collected vaginal swab specimens, and pelvic examination with clinician-collected endocervical swab specimens. | 2002 | 12038892 |
| dna single strand breaks in peripheral blood lymphocytes induced by three nitroimidazole derivatives. | tinidazole (tnz), ornidazole (onz) and metronidazole (mtz) are antiparasitic drugs (nitroimidazole derivatives) that have proven to be effective against trichomonas vaginalis, entoamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia and helicobacter pylori. the reduction of the nitro group and the generation of short-lived reactive intermediates are the basis of its parasiticidal activity. this reduction is associated with its mutagenic activity in bacteria, although in mammalian cells dna damage seems to be rel ... | 2002 | 12044544 |