Publications

continuous infusions of meropenem in ambulatory care: clinical efficacy, safety and stability.	concerns regarding the clinical impact of meropenem instability in continuous infusion (ci) devices may contribute to inconsistent uptake of this method of administration across outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (opat) services.	2014	25019523
rapid maldi-tof mass spectrometry strain typing during a large outbreak of shiga-toxigenic escherichia coli.	in 2011 northern germany experienced a large outbreak of shiga-toxigenic escherichia coli o104:h4. the large amount of samples sent to microbiology laboratories for epidemiological assessment highlighted the importance of fast and inexpensive typing procedures. we have therefore evaluated the applicability of a maldi-tof mass spectrometry based strategy for outbreak strain identification.	2014	25003758
appendicitis with psoas abscess successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery.	although acute appendicitis is a common disease, retroperitoneal abscesses are rarely observed. here, we report a case consisting of a psoas abscess and cutaneous fistula caused by appendicitis. the patient was a 56-year-old male who was introduced to our institution due to an intractable right psoas abscess. imaging tests had been performed over the previous 3 years; however, clinicians could not find the origin of the abscess and failed to resolve the problem. a successful operation was perfor ...	2014	25009411
nosocomial infections by klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase producing enterobacteria in a teaching hospital.	to analyze the profile of patients with microorganisms resistant to carbapenems, and the prevalence of the enzyme klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase in interobacteriaceae.	2014	25295446
the craniofacial necrotizing fasciitis after a minor trauma in an elderly white woman.	the term necrotizing fasciitis /nf/ was probably first described by jones in 1871 as "hospital gangrene". nf, with its fast spreading from the local infection to massive necrosis of the underlying tissues, ie. superficial fascia and subcutaneous layers, is a potentially fatal disease, unless diagnosed early and properly treated. nf is more frequent in frail patients with chronic debilitating illnesses, immune deficiencies or from a poor social background. sixty percent of nf cases occur in femal ...	2014	25136437
next-generation sequencing for typing and detection of resistance genes: performance of a new commercial method during an outbreak of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing escherichia coli.	next-generation sequencing (ngs) has the potential to provide typing results and detect resistance genes in a single assay, thus guiding timely treatment decisions and allowing rapid tracking of transmission of resistant clones. we evaluated the performance of a new ngs assay (hospital acquired infection biodetection system; pathogenica) during an outbreak of sequence type 131 (st131) escherichia coli infections in a nursing home in the netherlands. the assay was performed on 56 extended-spectru ...	2014	24789184
carbacineto np test for rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing acinetobacter spp.	multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates, particularly those that produce carbapenemases, are increasingly reported worldwide. the biochemically based carba np test, extensively validated for the detection of carbapenemase producers among enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas spp., has been modified to detect carbapenemase production in acinetobacter spp. a collection of 151 carbapenemase-producing and 69 non-carbapenemase-producing acinetobacter spp. were tested using the carba np test ...	2014	24759709
amikacin-fosfomycin at a five-to-two ratio: characterization of mutation rates in microbial strains causing ventilator-associated pneumonia and interactions with commonly used antibiotics.	the amikacin-fosfomycin inhalation system (afis), a combination of antibiotics administered with an in-line nebulizer delivery system, is being developed for adjunctive treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap). the in vitro characterization of amikacin-fosfomycin (at a 5:2 ratio) described here included determining resistance selection rates for pathogens that are representative of those commonly associated with vap (including multidrug-resistant strains) and evaluating interactions wi ...	2014	24752276
tunneled catheters with taurolidine-citrate-heparin lock solution significantly improve the inflammatory profile of hemodialysis patients.	mortality and morbidity are significantly higher among patients with dialysis catheters, which has been associated with chronic activation of the immune system. we hypothesized that bacteria colonizing the catheter lumen trigger an inflammatory response. we aimed to evaluate the inflammatory profile of hemodialysis patients before and after locking catheters with an antimicrobial lock solution. high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-crp), interleukin-6 (il-6), il-10, and tumor necrosis factor a ...	2014	24820084
sheltering effect and indirect pathogenesis of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii in polymicrobial infection.	the role of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii (crab) in polymicrobial infection remains elusive. having observed the ability of crab to shelter other susceptible bacteria from carbapenem killing, we sought to determine the factors contributing to this sheltering effect by transforming different recombinant plasmids into recipient a. baumannii cells. the sheltering effects of crab were reproduced in recipient a. baumannii cells that highly expressed carbapenem-hydrolyzing class d β-lac ...	2014	24798276
necrotizing fasciitis secondary to enterocutaneous fistula: three case reports.	necrotizing fasciitis (nf) is an uncommon, rapidly progressive, and potentially fatal infection of the superficial fascia and subcutaneous tissue. nf caused by an enterocutaneous fistula has special clinical characters compared with other types of nf. nf caused by enterocutaneous fistula may have more rapid progress and more severe consequences because of multiple germs infection and corrosion by digestive juices. we treated three cases of nf caused by postoperative enterocutaneous fistula since ...	2014	24976737
evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activity of methanolic extracts of gentiana kurroo royle.	in this study our objective was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of leaves and roots of gentiana kurroo. the antioxidant activities of the extracts were examined using different biochemical assays namely diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (dpph), nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) and ferric reducing power (frap). in all the assays, root extract exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than that of leaves. the antibacterial activity of the extracts was also evaluated and ...	2014	25313286
safety and feasibility of antibiotic de-escalation in bacteremic pneumonia.	antibiotic de-escalation is a potential strategy advocated to conserve the effectiveness of broad-spectrum antibiotics. the aim of this study was to examine the safety and feasibility of antibiotic de-escalation in patients admitted with bacteremic pneumonia.	2014	25061323
microbiological features of kpc-producing enterobacter isolates identified in a u.s. hospital system.	microbiological data regarding klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc)-producing enterobacter spp. are scarce. in this study, 11 unique kpc-producing enterobacter isolates were identified among 44 ertapenem-nonsusceptible enterobacter isolates collected between 2009 and 2013 at a hospital system in western pennsylvania. all cases were healthcare-associated and occurred in medically complex patients. while pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed diverse restriction patterns overall, multilocus ...	2014	25053203
thiamine transporter-2 deficiency: outcome and treatment monitoring.	the clinical characteristics distinguishing treatable thiamine transporter-2 deficiency (thtr2) due to slc19a3 genetic defects from the other devastating causes of leigh syndrome are sparse.	2014	24957181
changes in the bacterial community of soybean rhizospheres during growth in the field.	highly diverse communities of bacteria inhabiting soybean rhizospheres play pivotal roles in plant growth and crop production; however, little is known about the changes that occur in these communities during growth. we used both culture-dependent physiological profiling and culture independent dna-based approaches to characterize the bacterial communities of the soybean rhizosphere during growth in the field. the physiological properties of the bacterial communities were analyzed by a community ...	2014	24955843
rising rates of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in community hospitals: a mixed-methods review of epidemiology and microbiology practices in a network of community hospitals in the southeastern united states.	describe the epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) and examine the effect of lower carbapenem breakpoints on cre detection.	2014	25026612
increase in the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter isolates and ampicillin-resistant non-typhoidal salmonella species in korea: a konsar study conducted in 2011.	antimicrobial surveillance is important for providing an up-to-date understanding of the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance and for creating a forum for rational drug development. in this study, we analyzed antimicrobial test data generated in 2011 by hospitals and commercial laboratories participating in the korean nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial resistance program (konsar).	2014	25024870
modulation of gut microbiota during probiotic-mediated attenuation of metabolic syndrome in high fat diet-fed mice.	structural disruption of gut microbiota and associated inflammation are considered important etiological factors in high fat diet (hfd)-induced metabolic syndrome (ms). three candidate probiotic strains, lactobacillus paracasei cncm i-4270 (lc), l. rhamnosus i-3690 (lr) and bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis i-2494 (ba), were individually administered to hfd-fed mice (10(8) cells day(-1)) for 12 weeks. each strain attenuated weight gain and macrophage infiltration into epididymal adipose tis ...	2014	24936764
modulation of gut microbiota during probiotic-mediated attenuation of metabolic syndrome in high fat diet-fed mice.	structural disruption of gut microbiota and associated inflammation are considered important etiological factors in high fat diet (hfd)-induced metabolic syndrome (ms). three candidate probiotic strains, lactobacillus paracasei cncm i-4270 (lc), l. rhamnosus i-3690 (lr) and bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis i-2494 (ba), were individually administered to hfd-fed mice (10(8) cells day(-1)) for 12 weeks. each strain attenuated weight gain and macrophage infiltration into epididymal adipose tis ...	2014	24936764
a multiple antibiotic-resistant enterobacter cloacae strain isolated from a bioethanol fermentation facility.	an enterobacter cloacae strain (e. cloacae f3s3) that was collected as part of a project to assess antibiotic resistance among bacteria isolated from bioethanol fermentation facilities demonstrated high levels of resistance to antibiotics added prophylactically to bioethanol fermentors. pcr assays revealed the presence of canonical genes encoding resistance to penicillin (ampc) and erythromycin (ermg). assays measuring biofilm formation under antibiotic stress indicated that erythromycin induced ...	2014	24941895
the f pilus mediates a novel pathway of cdi toxin import.	contact-dependent growth inhibition (cdi) is a widespread form of inter-bacterial competition that requires direct cell-to-cell contact. cdi(+) inhibitor cells express cdia effector proteins on their surface. cdia binds to specific receptors on susceptible target bacteria and delivers a toxin derived from its c-terminal region (cdia-ct). here, we show that purified cdia-ct(536) toxin from uropathogenic escherichia coli 536 translocates into bacteria, thereby by-passing the requirement for cell-t ...	2014	24889811
atypical pyoderma gangrenosum mimicking an infectious process.	we present a patient with atypical pyoderma gangrenosum (apg), which involved the patient's arm and hand. hemorrhagic bullae and progressive ulcerations were initially thought to be secondary to an infectious process, but a biopsy revealed pg. awareness of apg by infectious disease services may prevent unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotics.	2014	25024856
tolerability and efficacy of long-term treatment with daptomycin, ceftazidime and colistin in a patient with a polymicrobial, multidrug-resistant prosthetic joint reinfection: a case report.	prosthetic joint infections are severe complications of joint implants. further complications arise when polymicrobial and/or multidrug-resistant microorganisms are involved. currently, there are limited data on the management of these infections and on the tolerability of long-term treatment with daptomycin, ceftazidime and colistin.	2014	24923703
selective antibiofilm effects of lucilia sericata larvae secretions/excretions against wound pathogens.	background. maggot debridement therapy (mdt), using lucilia sericata larvae, represents efficient, simple, and low-cost therapy for the treatment of chronic wounds. aim. the aim was to investigate the antibiofilm activity of maggot excretions/secretions (es) against biofilm of wound isolates staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus), enterobacter cloacae (e. cloacae), and proteus mirabilis (p. mirabilis). methods. quantification of biofilm formation, was carried out using a microtiter plate assay. prote ...	2014	25013449
stent selection for endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections: a multicenter study in china.	aims. we attempted to establish some guidelines for the selection of transmural stents during endoscopic drainage of pfcs by retrospective review of the clinical data obtained from three tertiary hospitals. patients and methods. clinical data of 93 patients with attempted endoscopic drainage of symptomatic pfcs were obtained through chart review and prospective follow-up. results. treatment success for acute pseudocyst (n = 67), chronic pseudocyst (n = 9), and wopn (n = 17) was 95.3%, 100%, and ...	2014	25018767
patient and procedure-specific risk factors for deep infection after primary shoulder arthroplasty.	deep infection after shoulder arthroplasty is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. the current literature on this topic is from single institutions or medicare samples, lacking generalizability to the larger shoulder arthroplasty population.	2014	24906812
complete genome sequence of kosakonia sacchari type strain sp1(t.).	kosakonia sacchari sp. nov. is a new species within the new genus kosakonia, which was included in the genus enterobacter. k sacchari is a nitrogen-fixing bacterium named for its association with sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.). k sacchari bacteria are gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile rods. strain sp1(t) (=cgmcc1.12102(t)=lmg 26783(t)) is the type strain of the k sacchari sp. nov and is able to colonize and fix n2 in association with sugarcane plants, thus promoting plant g ...	2014	25197499
a survey of pathogens associated with cyperus esculentus l (tiger nuts) tubers sold in a ghanaian city.	cyperus esculentus l, is a minor but important crop in ghana. they are noted mostly by their aphrodisiac properties among others. the nuts are often eaten raw as an unprocessed snack due to its rich flavour and texture. though eaten raw, the nuts are sometimes handled unhygienically, posing a public health threat. this study therefore aimed at determining the level and distribution of parasitic and bacterial contaminants associated with the crop as it is sold.	2014	24906387
resistance determinants and mobile genetic elements of an ndm-1-encoding klebsiella pneumoniae strain.	multidrug-resistant enterobacteriaceae are emerging as a serious infectious disease challenge. these strains can accumulate many antibiotic resistance genes though horizontal transfer of genetic elements, those for β-lactamases being of particular concern. some β-lactamases are active on a broad spectrum of β-lactams including the last-resort carbapenems. the gene for the broad-spectrum and carbapenem-active metallo-β-lactamase ndm-1 is rapidly spreading. we present the complete genome of klebsi ...	2014	24905728
clinical impact of body mass index on bactibilia and bacteremia.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between obesity and infected bile or bacteremia in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis.	2014	24902609
etanercept plus topical corticosteroids as initial therapy for grade one acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.	clinical diagnosis of grade 1 acute graft-versus-host disease (gvhd) marks the beginning of a potentially progressive and fatal course of gvhd after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). however, interventional studies to treat early gvhd are lacking. we conducted a single-arm prospective phase ii trial to test the hypothesis that treatment of newly diagnosed grade 1 acute gvhd with etanercept and topical corticosteroids would reduce progression to grade 2 to 4 within 28 days. study pa ...	2014	24892263
in vitro and in vivo activities of tigecycline-colistin combination therapies against carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae.	we assessed the activity of tigecycline (tgc) combined with colistin (col) against carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria. synergy occurred in vitro against the majority of isolates, with the exception of serratia marcescens. in a simple animal model (galleria mellonella), tgc-col was superior (p < 0.01) in treating escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and enterobacter infections, including those with tgc-col resistance. clinical studies are needed to determine whether tgc-col regimens may be a ...	2014	24687491
molecular and epidemiological characterization of imp-type metallo-β-lactamase-producing enterobacter cloacae in a large tertiary care hospital in japan.	imp-type metallo-β-lactamase enzymes have been reported in different geographical areas and in various gram-negative bacteria. however, the risk factors and epidemiology pertaining to imp-type metallo-β-lactamase-producing enterobacter cloacae (imp-producing e. cloacae) have not been systematically evaluated. we conducted a retrospective, matched case-control study of patients from whom imp-producing e. cloacae isolates were obtained, in addition to performing thorough molecular analyses of the ...	2014	24709261
detection of oxa-370, an oxa-48-related class d β-lactamase, in enterobacter hormaechei from brazil.		2014	24709259
microbial translocation and cardiometabolic risk factors in hiv infection.	the widespread access to antiretroviral treatment during the past decades has transformed hiv infection from a lethal disease to a chronic condition, in which the relative burden of non-aids-related chronic disorders such as cardiovascular disease, malignancy, renal, liver, and bone disease has increased. the adjusted relative risk for myocardial infarction is reported to be around 2-fold compared to that of the general population, which over time is likely to translate into increased absolute r ...	2014	24521167
detection of prosthetic joint infection by use of pcr-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry applied to synovial fluid.	pcr coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry applied to synovial fluid specimens had an 81% sensitivity and a 95% specificity for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection.	2014	24719438
sinusitis associated with nasogastric intubation in 3 horses.	sinusitis has not been reported as a complication of long-term nasogastric intubation in horses. we describe 3 horses that developed nosocomial sinusitis following abdominal surgery with associated perioperative nasogastric intubation. sinusitis was suspected by the presence of malodorous discharge and confirmed by percussion, upper airway endoscopy, radiographs (n = 3), and bacterial culture (n = 1).	2014	24891638
ciprofloxacin increases survival after ionizing irradiation combined injury: γ-h2ax formation, cytokine/chemokine, and red blood cells.	exposure to ionizing radiation alone (radiation injury, ri) or combined with traumatic tissue injury (radiation combined injury, ci) is a crucial life-threatening factor in nuclear and radiological accidents. it is well documented that ri and ci occur at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and system levels. however, their mechanisms remain largely unclear. it has been observed in dogs, pigs, rats, guinea pigs, and mice that radiation exposure combined with burns, wounds, or bacterial infection res ...	2014	24776905
targeting class a and c serine β-lactamases with a broad-spectrum boronic acid derivative.	production of β-lactamases (bls) is the most widespread resistance mechanism adopted by bacteria to fight β-lactam antibiotics. the substrate spectrum of bls has become increasingly broad, posing a serious health problem. thus, there is an urgent need for novel bl inhibitors. boronic acid transition-state analogues are able to reverse the resistance conferred by class a and c bls. we describe a boronic acid analogue possessing interesting and potent broad-spectrum activity vs class a and c serin ...	2014	24882105
tigecycline use in critically ill patients: a multicentre prospective observational study in the intensive care setting.	this prospective observational study aimed at describing prescription patterns of tigecycline and patient outcomes in 26 french intensive care units (icu).	2014	24871500
draft genome sequence of raoultella ornithinolytica tnt, a trinitrotoluene-denitrating and plant growth-promoting strain isolated from explosive-contaminated soil.	we report the draft genome of raoultella ornithinolytica tnt, a gram-negative bacterium of the enterobacteriaceae isolated from military soil in belgium. strain tnt uses nitrite released from trinitrotoluene (tnt) for growth and is a potent plant growth promoter. an analysis of its 5.6-mb draft genome will bring insights into tnt degradation-reinforcing bioremediation applications.	2014	24874678
draft genome sequence of enterobacter cloacae strain jd6301.	enterobacter cloacae strain jd6301 was isolated from a mixed culture with wastewater collected from a municipal treatment facility and oleaginous microorganisms. a draft genome sequence of this organism indicates that it has a genome size of 4,772,910 bp, an average g+c content of 53%, and 4,509 protein-coding genes.	2014	24874669
sensitivities, specificities, and predictive values of microbiological culture techniques for the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection.	identifying the microorganism in a prosthetic joint infection is the key to appropriately targeting antimicrobial treatment. despite the availability of various techniques, no single test is considered the definitive gold standard.	2014	24963476
draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant bla ndm-1-producing acinetobacter soli isolate in china.	acinetobacter spp. are one of the most prevalent opportunistic pathogens causing nosocomial infections and have become a major clinical and public health threat. in this study, we presented the first draft genome sequence of a. soli tcm341, a multidrug resistant isolate that carried the bla ndm-1 gene in china. genome sequencing of a. soli tcm341 was carried out in illumina hiseq 2000 next-generation sequencer. the data obtained revealed 74 contigs with genome size of 3.49 mb and g+c content of ...	2014	25320449
prevalence of esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae in raw vegetables.	to determine whether extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae (esbl-e) are present in retail raw vegetables in amsterdam, the netherlands, we collected 119 samples of 15 different types of vegetables from various sources. after culture, strain identification and susceptibility testing, esbl-encoding genes were characterised by a microarray. four of the 15 vegetable types were contaminated with esbl-e. seven samples (6 %) yielded esbl-e. three bla ctx-m-15, one bla ctx ...	2014	24848131
the effects of competition from non-pathogenic foodborne bacteria during the selective enrichment of listeria monocytogenes using buffered listeria enrichment broth.	the growth of listeria monocytogenes during the pathogen specific enrichment of food samples can be limited by the presence of additional microorganisms that are resistant to the selective conditions being applied. if growth is severely limited and minimum post-enrichment threshold levels are not met then the presence of l. monocytogenes may go undetected. several food products were screened for non-pathogenic commensal or spoilage microorganisms that are capable of growth under the conditions c ...	2014	25084660
primary effusion lymphoma in an elderly hiv-negative patient with hemodialysis: importance of evaluation for pleural effusion in patients receiving hemodialysis.	pleural effusion is a ubiquitous complication in hemodialysis (hd) patients. common etiologies of pleural effusion in this patient group are heart failure, volume overload, parapneumonic effusion, tuberculotic pleuritis, and uremic pleuritis. although thoracentesis is a useful diagnostic method of pleural effusion, empirical reduction of the dry weight is often attempted without thoracentesis because pleural effusion is commonly caused by volume overload and responds to the dry-weight reduction. ...	2014	24987405
epidemiological analysis of trauma patients following the lushan earthquake.	a 7.0-magnitude earthquake hit lushan county in china's sichuan province on april 20, 2013, resulting in 196 deaths and 11,470 injured. this study was designed to analyze the characteristics of the injuries and the treatment of the seismic victims.	2014	24846207
comparison of phenotypic methods for the detection of carbapenem non-susceptible enterobacteriaceae.	multidrug resistance and, in particular, carbapenem resistance is spreading worldwide at an alarming rate, comprehending a variety of bacterial species and causing both nosocomial and community acquired outbursts. early and efficient detection of infected patients or colonized carriers are mandatory steps in infection control and prevention of multidrug resistance diffusion. the latest eucast guidelines for detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae have set low clinical breakpoints ...	2014	24860620
crystal structure of the dithiol oxidase dsba enzyme from proteus mirabilis bound non-covalently to an active site peptide ligand.	the disulfide bond forming dsba enzymes and their dsbb interaction partners are attractive targets for development of antivirulence drugs because both are essential for virulence factor assembly in gram-negative pathogens. here we characterize pmdsba from proteus mirabilis, a bacterial pathogen increasingly associated with multidrug resistance. pmdsba exhibits the characteristic properties of a dsba, including an oxidizing potential, destabilizing disulfide, acidic active site cysteine, and dith ...	2014	24831013
epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae and acinetobacter baumannii in mediterranean countries.	the emergence and global spread of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae and acinetobacter baumannii are of great concern to health services worldwide. these β-lactamases hydrolyse almost all β-lactams, are plasmid-encoded, and are easily transferable among bacterial species. they are mostly of the kpc, vim, imp, ndm, and oxa-48 types. their current extensive spread worldwide in enterobacteriaceae is an important source of concern. infections caused by these bacteria have limited treatment ...	2014	24955354
bacterial meningitis in malawian infants <2 months of age: etiology and susceptibility to world health organization first-line antibiotics.	neonatal meningitis is an important cause of morbidity in sub-saharan africa and requires urgent empiric treatment with parenteral administered antibiotics. here we describe the etiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and suitability of the world health organization first-line recommended antibiotics (penicillin and gentamicin) for bacterial meningitis in young infants in malawi.	2014	24378940
green herring syndrome: bacterial infection in patients with mucormycosis cavitary lung disease.	mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal disease in patients with hematological malignancies. the diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis is particularly challenging. we describe 3 mucormycosis cases with an uncommon presentation in patients whose cavitary lung disease was attributed to well documented bacterial infection, although evolution and reassessment established mucormycosis as the underlying disease.	2014	25734087
pdhr, the pyruvate dehydrogenase repressor, does not regulate lipoic acid synthesis.	lipoic acid is a covalently-bound enzyme cofactor required for central metabolism all three domains of life. in the last 20 years the pathway of lipoic acid synthesis and metabolism has been established in escherichia coli. expression of the genes of the lipoic acid biosynthesis pathway was believed to be constitutive. however, in 2010 kaleta and coworkers (bmc syst. biol. 4:116) predicted a binding site for the pyruvate dehydrogenase operon repressor, pdhr (referred to lipa site 1) upstream of ...	2014	24816490
comparison of lower genital tract microbiota in hiv-infected and uninfected women from rwanda and the us.	previous studies have shown that alterations of the bacterial microbiota in the lower female genital tract influence susceptibility to hiv infection and shedding. we assessed geographic differences in types of genital microbiota between hiv-infected and uninfected women from rwanda and the united states.	2014	24817204
in vitro evaluation of the anti-bacterial effect of two preparations of platelet rich plasma compared with cefazolin and whole blood.	this study investigates the antibacterial properties of two different platelet-rich plasma (prp) platelet concentration preparations (prplp and prphp) through a time-kill assay.	2014	24932452
risk factors for wound infection in health care facilities in buea, cameroon: aerobic bacterial pathogens and antibiogram of isolates.	wound infection is a significant clinical challenge in hospitals in developing countries where proper healthcare delivery is hampered by limited resources. this study investigated the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria causing wound infection and risk factors for infection among hospitalized patients in buea, cameroon, to generate findings which could drive reformation of policies on infection control.	2014	25360190
propolis volatile compounds: chemical diversity and biological activity: a review.	propolis is a sticky material collected by bees from plants, and used in the hive as building material and defensive substance. it has been popular as a remedy in europe since ancient times. nowadays, propolis use in over-the-counter preparations, "bio"-cosmetics and functional foods, etc., increases. volatile compounds are found in low concentrations in propolis, but their aroma and significant biological activity make them important for propolis characterisation. propolis is a plant-derived pr ...	2014	24812573
the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis and treatment of obesity.		2014	24891993
prophenoloxidase activation is required for survival to microbial infections in drosophila.	the melanization reaction is a major immune response in arthropods and involves the rapid synthesis of melanin at the site of infection and injury. a key enzyme in the melanization process is phenoloxidase (po), which catalyzes the oxidation of phenols to quinones, which subsequently polymerize into melanin. the drosophila genome encodes three pos, which are primarily produced as zymogens or prophenoloxidases (ppo). two of them, ppo1 and ppo2, are produced by crystal cells. here we have generate ...	2014	24788090
detection of carbapenemases by real-time pcr and melt curve analysis on the bd max system.	we developed a multiplex sybr green real-time pcr for the bd max instrument (bd diagnostics, sparks, md) to detect a panel of carbapenemases. the assay was evaluated with 152 consecutive isolates sent to the german national reference laboratory, and 65/65 of the carbapenemase-positive and 87/87 of the carbapenemase-negative strains were identified correctly.	2014	24523474
is leclercia adecarboxylata a new and unfamiliar marine pathogen?	leclercia adecarboxylata infection is rarely reported in the context of human infections. in the scant cases reported in the literature, it usually involves individuals who are immunocompromised with infections of a polymicrobial nature. recently, data have begun to accumulate suggesting that l. adecarboxylata is a pathogen associated with water environments. we review the literature regarding l. adecarboxylata infections and present a case of cellulitis and soft-tissue infection in the foot of ...	2014	24523466
modified clsi extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) confirmatory test for phenotypic detection of esbls among enterobacteriaceae producing various β-lactamases.	the worldwide dissemination of enterobacteriaceae producing ampc β-lactamases and carbapenemases makes difficult the phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls), as they may be masked by these additional enzymes. a modification of the clsi esbl confirmatory test was developed and evaluated in a comparative study for its ability to successfully detect esbls among enterobacteriaceae producing various carbapenemases (klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase [kpc], vim, ndm, and oxa-48 ...	2014	24574283
performance and specificity of the covalently linked immunomagnetic separation-atp method for rapid detection and enumeration of enterococci in coastal environments.	the performance and specificity of the covalently linked immunomagnetic separation-atp (cov-ims/atp) method for the detection and enumeration of enterococci was evaluated in recreational waters. cov-ims/atp performance was compared with standard methods: defined substrate technology (enterolert; idexx laboratories), membrane filtration (epa method 1600), and an enterococcus-specific quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay (epa method a). we extend previous studies by (i) analyzing the stability of the rel ...	2014	24561583
in vitro activity of plazomicin against 5,015 gram-negative and gram-positive clinical isolates obtained from patients in canadian hospitals as part of the canward study, 2011-2012.	plazomicin is a next-generation aminoglycoside that is not affected by most clinically relevant aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. the in vitro activities of plazomicin and comparator antimicrobials were evaluated against a collection of 5,015 bacterial isolates obtained from patients in canadian hospitals between january 2011 and october 2012. susceptibility testing was performed using the clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) broth microdilution method, with mics interpreted accord ...	2014	24550325
atherosclerosis associated with vasculopathic lesions in a golden retriever with hypercholesterolemia.	a 2-year-old neutered male golden retriever dog presented for lameness secondary to ulcerations of multiple digital paw pads was diagnosed with vasculitis and hypercholesterolemia. despite treatment, ischemic necrosis progressed to include all distal extremities and the dog eventually expired due to myocardial infarction secondary to severe atherosclerosis. the rapid demise and the dermatologic lesions may have been secondary to cholesterol embolism syndrome which has never before been reported ...	2014	24790237
blood culture contamination in hospitalized pediatric patients: a single institution experience.	blood culture is the most important tool for detecting bacteremia in children with fever. however, blood culture contamination rates range from 0.6% to 6.0% in adults; rates for young children have been considered higher than these, although data are limited, especially in korea. this study determined the contamination rate and risk factors in pediatric patients visiting the emergency room (er) or being admitted to the ward.	2014	24868215
mucormycosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: case series and review of the literature.	mucormycosis is a rare and often fatal invasive fungal infection mostly seen in immune-compromised individuals. a high index of clinical suspicion is necessary, so that effective preemptive therapy can be started, as timely intervention is crucial. in this series we present three cases of invasive mucormycosis in patients with underlying inflammatory bowel disease that had received therapy with immunomodulators prior to the infection. all three had varied clinical manifestations. we also review ...	2014	24872818
emphysematous cholecystitis successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery.	emphysematous cholecystitis (ec) is an uncommon variant of acute cholecystitis, which is caused by secondary infection of the gallbladder wall with gas-forming organisms. the mortality rate of ec is still as high as 25%. emergency surgical intervention is indicated. open cholecystectomy has been traditionally accepted as a standard treatment for ec. we present a case of ec successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery. laparoscopic cholecystectomy for ec is considered to be safe and effective whe ...	2014	24876461
is there an association between periprosthetic joint infection and low vitamin d levels?	vitamin d is increasingly being recognized as an important mediator of immune function and may have a preventive role in the pathogenesis of periprosthetic joint infection. to the best of our knowledge, no other study has examined possible associations between periprosthetic joint infection and vitamin d deficiency. we investigated the rate of vitamin d deficiency in patients treated for periprosthetic joint infection and whether vitamin d deficiency is independent of other risk factors for vita ...	2014	24737149
two-dimensional pca highlights the differentiated antitumor and antimicrobial activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of laurus nobilis l. from different origins.	natural matrices are important sources of new antitumor and antimicrobial compounds. species such as laurus nobilis l. (laurel) might be used for this purpose, considering its medicinal properties. herein, in vitro activity against human tumor cell lines, bacteria, and fungi was evaluated in enriched phenolic extracts. specifically, methanol and aqueous extracts of wild and cultivated samples of l. nobilis were compared considering different phenolic groups. principal component analysis (pca) wa ...	2014	24826380
phenotypic and molecular characterization of multidrug resistant klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a university teaching hospital, china.	the multidrug-resistant rate of klebsiella pneumoniae has risen rapidly worldwide. to better understand the multidrug resistance situation and molecular characterization of klebsiella pneumoniae, a total of 153 klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were collected, and drug susceptibility test was performed to detect its susceptibility patterns to 13 kinds of antibiotics. phenotypic tests for carbapenemases esbls and ampc enzyme-producing strains were performed to detect the resistance phenotype of the ...	2014	24740167
characterization of a fusion protein of rgd4c and the β-lactamase variant for antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy.	antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (adept) delivers chemotherapeutic agents in high concentration to tumor tissue, while minimizing systemic drug exposure. adept has been reported to be an attractive approach for improving the efficacy of cancer therapy. a previously reported β-lactamase was found to contain four cluster of differentiation (cd)4(+) t cell epitopes; however, single amino acid changes in the enzyme resulted in significantly reduced proliferative responses, while retaining st ...	2014	24748803
impact of rifaximin on the frequency and characteristics of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites.	rifaximin is a non-absorbable antibiotic used to prevent relapses of hepatic encephalopathy which may also be a candidate for prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp).	2014	24714550
isolation and characterization of multiple drug resistance bacterial pathogens from waste water in hospital and non-hospital environments, northwest ethiopia.	the importance of bacterial isolates from waste water environment as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance and a potential source of novel resistance genes to clinical pathogens is underestimated. this study is aimed at to isolate and characterize public health important bacteria from waste water in hospital and non- hospital environments and evaluate the distribution of multiple drug resistance bacteria in the study area.	2014	24708553
understanding the broad substrate repertoire of nitroreductase based on its kinetic mechanism.	the oxygen-insensitive nitroreductase from enterobacter cloacae (nr) catalyzes two-electron reduction of nitroaromatics to the corresponding nitroso compounds and, subsequently, to hydroxylamine products. nr has an unusually broad substrate repertoire, which may be related to protein dynamics (flexibility) and/or a simple non-selective kinetic mechanism. to investigate the possible role of mechanism in the broad substrate repertoire of nr, the kinetics of oxidation of nr by para-nitrobenzoic aci ...	2014	24706760
can molecular dynamics and qm/mm solve the penicillin binding protein protonation puzzle?	benzylpenicillin, a member of the β-lactam antibiotic class, has been widely used to combat bacterial infections since 1947. the general mechanism is well-known: a serine protease enzyme (i.e., dd-peptidase) forms a long lasting intermediate with the lactam ring of the antibiotic known as acylation, effectively preventing biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. despite this overall mechanistic understanding, many details of binding and catalysis are unclear. specifically, there is ongoing debat ...	2014	24697903
factors associated with increased mortality in a predominantly hiv-infected population with stevens johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.	stevens-johnson syndrome (sjs) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (ten) are life-threatening drug reactions with a higher incidence in hiv-infected persons. sjs/ten are associated with skin and mucosal failure, predisposing to systemic bacterial infection (bsi), a major cause of death. there are limited data on risk factors associated with bsi and and mortality in hiv-infected people with sjs/ten.	2014	24695805
bacterial urinary tract infection in renal transplant recipients and their antibiotic resistance pattern: a four-year study.	urinary tract infections (utis) are the most common infections in renal transplant recipients and are considered a potential cause of bacteremia, sepsis, and affects graft outcomes. the aim of the present study was to determine the incidence of uti among renal transplant recipients and investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of causative agents.	2014	25705355
point prevalence of klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in maryland.		2014	24602955
molecular survey of the dissemination of two blakpc-harboring incfia plasmids in new jersey and new york hospitals.	klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc)-producing k. pneumoniae strains have spread worldwide and become a major threat in health care facilities. transmission of blakpc, the plasmid-borne kpc gene, can be mediated by clonal spread and horizontal transfer. here, we report the complete nucleotide sequences of two novel blakpc-3-harboring incfia plasmids, pbk30661 and pbk30683. pbk30661 is 74 kb in length, with a mosaic plasmid structure; it exhibits homologies to several other plasmids but lack ...	2014	24492370
chemistry, pharmacology, and medicinal property of sage (salvia) to prevent and cure illnesses such as obesity, diabetes, depression, dementia, lupus, autism, heart disease, and cancer.	for a long time, sage (salvia) species have been used in traditional medicine for the relief of pain, protecting the body against oxidative stress, free radical damages, angiogenesis, inflammation, bacterial and virus infection, etc., several studies suggest that sage species can be considered for drug development because of their reported pharmacology and therapeutic activities in many countries of asia and middle east, especially china and india. these studies suggest that salvia species, in a ...	2014	24860730
potential impact of a microarray-based nucleic acid assay for rapid detection of gram-negative bacteria and resistance markers in positive blood cultures.	we evaluated the verigene gram-negative blood culture (bc-gn) test, a microarray that detects gram-negative bacteria and several resistance genes. a total of 102 positive blood cultures were tested, and the bc-gn test correctly identified 97.9% of the isolates within its panel. resistance genes (ctx-m, kpc, vim, and oxa genes) were detected in 29.8% of the isolates, with positive predictive values of 95.8% (95% confidence interval [ci], 87.7% to 98.9%) in enterobacteriaceae and 100% (95% ci, 75. ...	2014	24478405
acute airway obstruction secondary to vocal fold heterotopic ossification.	a 29-year old man of eritrean origin presented with acute stridor and respiratory distress on a background 1 year history of progressive breathing difficulty and worsening inspiratory stridor. fibreoptic laryngoscopy revealed an indeterminate swelling of the left vocal fold leaving no clear airway visible. the patient refused surgical tracheostomy. microlaryngoscopy revealed a hard, calcified mass arising from the left cord preventing intubation. histological analysis after excision revealed fea ...	2014	24682868
acute airway obstruction secondary to vocal fold heterotopic ossification.	a 29-year old man of eritrean origin presented with acute stridor and respiratory distress on a background 1 year history of progressive breathing difficulty and worsening inspiratory stridor. fibreoptic laryngoscopy revealed an indeterminate swelling of the left vocal fold leaving no clear airway visible. the patient refused surgical tracheostomy. microlaryngoscopy revealed a hard, calcified mass arising from the left cord preventing intubation. histological analysis after excision revealed fea ...	2014	24682868
genetically distinct pathways guide effector export through the type vi secretion system.	bacterial secretion systems often employ molecular chaperones to recognize and facilitate export of their substrates. recent work demonstrated that a secreted component of the type vi secretion system (t6ss), haemolysin co-regulated protein (hcp), binds directly to effectors, enhancing their stability in the bacterial cytoplasm. herein, we describe a quantitative cellular proteomics screen for t6s substrates that exploits this chaperone-like quality of hcp. application of this approach to the hc ...	2014	24589350
gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponge for preventing sternal wound infection after cardiac surgery.	the frequency of sternal wound infection (swi) after cardiac surgery ranges from 0.5% to 8% and is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and treatment cost. perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is not sufficient to fully prevent the contamination of the surgical access site. one of the most effective methods for the prevention of wound infection seems to be the use of gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponge, which is successfully used in abdominal and orthopedic surgery. surgically im ...	2014	26336388
a high throughput mhc ii binding assay for quantitative analysis of peptide epitopes.	biochemical assays with recombinant human mhc ii molecules can provide rapid, quantitative insights into immunogenic epitope identification, deletion, or design(1,2). here, a peptide-mhc ii binding assay is scaled to 384-well format. the scaled down protocol reduces reagent costs by 75% and is higher throughput than previously described 96-well protocols(1,3-5). specifically, the experimental design permits robust and reproducible analysis of up to 15 peptides against one mhc ii allele per 384-w ...	2014	24686319
causative organisms of post-traumatic endophthalmitis: a 20-year retrospective study.	a wide range of organisms that enter the eye following ocular trauma can cause endophthalmitis. this study was to investigate the spectrum of pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates from a large cohort of post-traumatic endophthalmitis cases.	2014	24661397
manuka-type honeys can eradicate biofilms produced by staphylococcus aureus strains with different biofilm-forming abilities.	chronic wounds are a major global health problem. their management is difficult and costly, and the development of antibiotic resistance by both planktonic and biofilm-associated bacteria necessitates the use of alternative wound treatments. honey is now being revisited as an alternative treatment due to its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and the inability of bacteria to develop resistance to it. many previous antibacterial studies have used honeys that are not well characterized, even in ...	2014	24711974
efficacy of cryptdin-2 as an adjunct to antibiotics from various generations against salmonella.	emerging drug resistance in salmonella coupled with the recent poor success rate of antibiotic discovery programs of the pharmaceutical industry is a cause for significant concern. it has forced the scientific community to look for alternative new classes of antimicrobial compounds. in this context, combinations of antimicrobial peptides (amps) and conventional antibiotics have gained interest owing to their versatile applications. the present study was therefore planned to evaluate the synergis ...	2014	24891740
quantitative data from the septifast real-time pcr is associated with disease severity in patients with sepsis.	the commercial test, septifast, is designed to detect dna from bacterial and fungal pathogens in whole blood. the method has been found to be specific with a high rule-in value for the early detection of septic patients. the software automatically provides information about the identified pathogen, without quantification of the pathogen. however, it is possible to manually derive crossing point (cp) values, i.e. the pcr cycle at which dna is significantly amplified. the aim of this study was to ...	2014	24656148
ctx-m-15-producing morganella morganii from hôpital principal de dakar, senegal.	we report the detection and molecular characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamases in a series of 112 clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae from the hôpital principal de dakar, senegal, including five ctx-m-15-producing morganella morganii isolates, which are reported for the first time in this country.	2014	25356341
cdia from enterobacter cloacae delivers a toxic ribosomal rnase into target bacteria.	contact-dependent growth inhibition (cdi) is one mechanism of inter-bacterial competition. cdi(+) cells export large cdia effector proteins, which carry a variety of c-terminal toxin domains (cdia-ct). cdia-ct toxins are specifically neutralized by cognate cdii immunity proteins to protect toxin-producing cells from autoinhibition. here, we use structure determination to elucidate the activity of a cdi toxin from enterobacter cloacae (ecl). the structure of cdia-ct(ecl) resembles the c-terminal ...	2014	24657090
efficacy of a novel pcr- and microarray-based method in diagnosis of a prosthetic joint infection.	polymerase chain reaction (pcr) methods enable detection and species identification of many pathogens. we assessed the efficacy of a new pcr and microarray-based platform for detection of bacteria in prosthetic joint infections (pjis).	2014	24564748
acute shortening and angulation for limb salvage in a paediatric patient with a high-energy blast injury.	we present the case of an 8-year-old girl casualty of the syrian conflict who arrived with open fractures of the right tibia and fibula with extensive bone and soft tissue loss as well as an open fracture of the left calcaneus as the result of a high-energy blast injury. she was successfully treated with repeated debridement procedures, external fixation with acute temporary shortening and angulation of the right leg and skin grafting to both lower limbs.	2014	24654251
rapid identification of pneumococci, enterococci, beta-haemolytic streptococci and s. aureus from positive blood cultures enabling early reports.	the aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic tests in order to introduce a diagnostic strategy to identify the most common gram-positive bacteria (pneumococci, enterococci, β-haemolytic streptococci and s. aureus) found in blood cultures within 6 hours after signalling growth.	2014	24645982
value of american thoracic society guidelines in predicting infection or colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms in critically ill patients.	the incidence rate of infection by multidrug-resistant organisms (mdros) can affect the accuracy of etiological diagnosis when using american thoracic society (ats) guidelines. we determined the accuracy of the ats guidelines in predicting infection or colonization by mdros over 18 months at a single icu in eastern china.	2014	24647408
cefepime vs other antibacterial agents for the treatment of enterobacter species bacteremia.	carbapenems are recommended for treatment of enterobacter infections with ampc phenotypes. although isolates are typically susceptible to cefepime in vitro, there are few data supporting its clinical efficacy.	2014	24647022