Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [clonal spreading of a multidrug resistance citrobacter freundii strain at a neonatal intensive care unit]. | this paper reports on the epidemic spreading of a multiresistant citrobacter (c.) freundii strain at a neonatal intensive care unit. a premature baby of the 27th week of pregnancy died from septic shock caused by this strain. according to the result of a statistical analysis of risk factors a connection between the colonization of neonates and the feeding with an enteral feeding tube was probably. this suspicion could be confirmed by the detection of the multiresistant strain in the infant formu ... | 1993 | 8267838 |
| structure of the membrane-bound form of the pore-forming domain of colicin a: a partial proteolysis and mass spectrometry study. | the ion-channel-forming thermolytic fragment (tha) of colicin a binds to negatively charged vesicles and provides an example of the insertion of a soluble protein into a lipid bilayer. the soluble structure is known and consists of a 10-helix bundle containing a hydrophobic helical hairpin. in this study, partial proteolysis and mass spectrometry were used to determine the accessible sites to proteolytic attack by trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin in the tha fragment in its membrane-bound state. el ... | 1993 | 8268153 |
| dependence of induction of enterobacterial ampc beta-lactamase on cell-wall peptidoglycan, as demonstrated in proteus mirabilis and its wall-less protoplast l-form. | the mobilizable plasmid pmd101 (ampr, ampc) was constructed by inserting cloned ampc, the structural gene for the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase of citrobacter freundii, and the closely linked ampr encoding the transcriptional regulator essential for enzyme induction, into the broad host-range plasmid pkt231. plasmid pmd101 was transconjugated into proteus mirabilis vi and its isogenic, cell-wall-less protoplast l-form lvi. ampc beta-lactamase was expressed constitutively from cloned ampr and a ... | 1993 | 8277255 |
| plasmid encoded beta-lactamases resistant to inhibition by clavulanic acid produced by calf faecal coliforms. | two new plasmid encoded beta-lactamase enzymes produced by a strain of escherichia coli and a strain of citrobacter freundii isolated from calf faeces have been characterised. both enzymes were similar to tem-1 in terms of substrate and inhibition profiles and physical properties but differed from tem-1 in being far less susceptible to the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid or tazobactam. in each case transfer of the plasmid e coli k12 rendered it clinically resistant to the combination o ... | 1993 | 8284502 |
| citrobacter septicemia in neonates. | 1993 | 8288337 | |
| characterization of ceftriaxone-resistant enterobacteriaceae: a multicentre study in 26 french hospitals. vigil'roc study group. | during a multicentre study performed in 26 french hospitals, 287 (3.2%) of 9038 enterobacteriaceae isolated, mainly enterobacter spp., serratia spp., citrobacter spp. and klebsiella spp. were classified as ceftriaxone resistant on the basis of an mic > 4 mg/l or the presence of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase. extended-spectrum beta-lactamase was present mainly in klebsiella pneumoniae (65 strains, 10.2%) and very rarely in escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, klebsiella oxytoca, citrobacter ... | 1993 | 8288501 |
| cross-susceptibility of cefpirome and four other beta-lactams against isolates from haematology/oncology and intensive care units. international study group. | a multi-centre in-vitro study (8625 isolates) was conducted in 13 countries between may and november, 1992 to determine both the current bacterial epidemiology in intensive care and haematology/oncology units and the cross-susceptibility of the organisms to cefpirome, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, imipenem and piperacillin. bacterial species with 20 or more isolates resistant to one of the six antibiotics were examined for their susceptibility to the beta-lactams. cefpirome and imipenem had the smal ... | 1993 | 8290900 |
| formation of vitamins by pure cultures of tempe moulds and bacteria during the tempe solid substrate fermentation. | the formation of water soluble vitamins (vitamin b12, vitamin b6, riboflavin, thiamine, nicotinic acid and nicotinamide) during the tempe solid substrate fermentation was investigated. the role of several strains of rhizopus oligosporus, r. arrhizus, and r. stolonifer and the role of several bacteria in the vitamin formation process were checked. all fungal and bacterial strains were isolated from indonesian tempe and soaking water samples. the rhizopus strains formed riboflavin, nicotinic acid, ... | 1993 | 8300444 |
| [ciprofloxacin resistance in gram negative bacilli. epidemiologic aspects]. | the aim of the present was to study the resistance to ciprofloxacin (cip) in gram negative bacilli (april 1990-march 1992) and to determine the temporary distribution of the resistant strains by species, samples and departments. | 1993 | 8305553 |
| peritonsillar abscess, retropharyngeal abscess, mediastinitis, and nonclostridial anaerobic myonecrosis: a case report. | peritonsillar abscess is a potentially life-threatening complication of acute tonsillitis. on occasion, peritonsillar abscess can extend to neck spaces and/or to the mediastinum. we describe a case of a patient with a peritonsillar abscess that extended to the neck, producing bilateral retropharyngeal abscesses and myonecrosis of the strap muscles. culture of a specimen of the necrotic muscle yielded prevotella intermedia, prevotella buccae, lactobacillus catenaforme, another lactobacillus speci ... | 1993 | 8324135 |
| intravenous streptomycin use in a patient infected with high-level, gentamicin-resistant streptococcus faecalis. | to report a case of intravenous streptomycin sulfate use in a patient infected with high-level, gentamicin-resistant streptococcus faecalis. | 1993 | 8329788 |
| cloning and sequences of the genes encoding the cfrbi restriction-modification system from citrobacter freundii. | the genes encoding the cfrbi restriction and modification (r-m) systems from citrobacter freundii and recognizing the sequence 5'-ccwwgg-3' (w = a or t) were cloned in escherichia coli mcrbc- cells. the nucleotide (nt) sequences of the genes were determined. two large open reading frames were found. deletion analysis showed that one of them [1128 nt coding for 376 amino acids (aa)] corresponds to a methyltransferase (mtase)-encoding gene and the other (1065 nt coding for 355 aa) to a restriction ... | 1993 | 8335262 |
| the antimicrobial activity and beta-lactamase stability of cefpirome, a new fourth-generation cephalosporin in comparison with other agents. | the antimicrobial activity of cefpirome was compared with amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin and amikacin against 743 non-duplicate clinical isolates. mic50 and mic90 showed that the antibiotic was active against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. cefpirome was highly active against most of the enterobacteriaceae, including indole-positive proteus spp., aeromonas spp. (mic < or = 1 mg/l) and salmonella spp. (mic < or = 0.5 mg/l). n ... | 1993 | 8335498 |
| a multidrug resistance regulatory chromosomal locus is widespread among enteric bacteria. | constitutive expression of the mar operon (marrab) in escherichia coli produces a multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype mediated by the expression of multiple genetic loci in response to regulatory proteins in the operon. a mar-specific dna probe was used to search for the operon in bacterial strains representing 53 species and 27 genera. among these, 6 other enterobacteriaceae, salmonella, shigella, klebsiella, citrobacter, hafnia, and enterobacter species, contained dna sequences that hybri ... | 1993 | 8335992 |
| the use of imipenem-cilastatin in neonatal meningitis caused by citrobacter diversus. | citrobacter diversus is a cause of severe meningitis in neonates and infants. it is unique in its propensity to produce brain abscesses that play an important role in the poor prognosis associated with this condition. the recommended therapeutic regimen of third-generation cephalosporines, aminoglycosides and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is usually disappointing. we describe the use of imipenemcilastatin in successfully treating citrobacter diversus meningitis complicated by brain abscesses. | 1993 | 8338984 |
| unusual microtubule-dependent endocytosis mechanisms triggered by campylobacter jejuni and citrobacter freundii. | bacterial invasion of six different human epithelial cell lines showed that some strains of the intestinal pathogen campylobacter jejuni invaded intestinal cell lines at a level 10(2)-10(4) times higher than reported previously for other campylobacter strains. separately, urinary tract isolates of citrobacter freundii triggered a high-efficiency invasion of bladder cells. use of multiple inhibitors with known effects on eukaryotic cell structures/processes allowed us to define in these genetical ... | 1993 | 8341714 |
| [a xanthogranulomatous psoas abscess 4 years after nephrectomy for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]. | we report a case of xanthogranulomatous abscess of the left psoas muscle in a patient who underwent nephrectomy for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis four years earlier. pathogens unlike those usually found in this type of inflammatory reaction were grown on culture. the possible relationship between the two infectious disease processes is analyzed. | 1993 | 8342983 |
| emergence of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacilli causing bacteremia during therapy. | treatment of serious infections caused by gram-negative bacilli with beta-lactam antimicrobial agents can induce class i beta-lactamase production. this phenomenon can result in resistant microorganisms, and has been postulated to be a cause of therapeutic failure. the charts of patients bacteremic with pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, proteus vulgaris, and providencia species (n = 120) during a 3-year period were reviewed to determine how ... | 1993 | 8346736 |
| whole-cell repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction allows rapid assessment of clonal relationships of bacterial isolates. | repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-pcr) enables the generation of dna fingerprints which discriminate bacterial species and strains. we describe the application of whole-cell methods which allow specimens from broth cultures or colonies from agar plates to be utilized directly in the pcr mixture. the rep-pcr-generated dna fingerprints obtained with whole-cell samples match results obtained with genomic dna templates. examples with different gram-negative bacteria (e ... | 1993 | 8349778 |
| evaluation of the l-pyrrolidonyl-beta-naphthylamide hydrolysis test for the differentiation of members of the families enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae. | a simple, rapid, and inexpensive spot test incorporating the substrate pyrrolidonyl naphthylamide was used to examine pyrrolidonyl peptidase activity among 800 bacterial strains belonging to the families enterobacteriaceae and vibrionaceae. the pyrrolidonyl naphthylamide test was found to be particularly useful in separating citrobacter spp. (100% positive) from salmonella spp. (0.4% positive) and escherichia coli (0% positive). furthermore, it would appear to offer a safer alternative to the tr ... | 1993 | 8349781 |
| comparative in vitro activity of biapenem, a new carbapenem antibiotic. | biapenem is a new carbapenem antibiotic with high stability to human renal dehydropeptidase i. its in vitro activity was compared with that of imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, piperacillin and gentamicin against a total of 650 recent clinical isolates. mics were determined by a standard agar dilution procedure and all isolates were tested at two inocula (10(4) and 10(6) cfu). biapenem inhibited 90% of isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus mirabilis, proteus vulgari ... | 1993 | 8354306 |
| infection and antibiotic therapy in 4000 burned patients treated in milan, italy, between 1976 and 1988. | the pathogenic flora, isolated from burn wounds of patients admitted to a burn care unit during the years between 1976 and 1988 were typed and the in vitro susceptibility to antibacterial agents was recorded. between 1976 and 1988 the general therapeutic approach was changed three times, in congruence with the prevalent nosocomial bacterial resistance. the most frequent isolates were: pseud. aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus spp., proteus mirabilis, escherichia coli, enterobacter c ... | 1993 | 8357483 |
| a broadly cross-protective monoclonal antibody binding to escherichia coli and salmonella lipopolysaccharides. | during the last decade, episodes of sepsis have increased and escherichia coli has remained the most frequent clinical isolate. lipopolysaccharides (lps; endotoxin) are the major toxic and antigenic components of gram-negative bacteria and qualify as targets for therapeutic interventions. molecules that neutralize the toxic effects of lps are actively investigated. in this paper, we describe a murine monoclonal antibody (mab; wn1 222-5), broadly cross-reactive and cross-protective for smooth (s) ... | 1993 | 8359907 |
| beta-lactamase of lysobacter enzymogenes: cloning, characterization and expression of the gene and comparison of the enzyme to other lactamases. | the gene for the periplasmic beta-lactamase of lysobacter enzymogenes was isolated as part of a 1017 bp ecori fragment and the nucleotide sequence of the gene was determined. it has a g+c content of 71.5% and encodes a 27 amino acid signal sequence and the mature beta-lactamase of 276 amino acids which has a mass of 29,146 da. the enzyme appears to be unique to l. enzymogenes but its amino acid sequence shows a high degree of homology with the amino acid sequences of the lactamase from citrobact ... | 1993 | 8360618 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of cp-70,429 a new penem antibiotic. | in in vitro susceptibility tests, the new penem cp-70,429 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except pseudomonas aeruginosa and xanthomonas maltophilia. cp-70,429 was stable to various types of beta-lactamases except for the enzyme from x. maltophilia and was 16- to 128-fold more active than the other compounds against beta-lactamase-producing strains of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. | 1993 | 8363389 |
| colicin a lysis protein promotes extracellular release of active human growth hormone accumulated in escherichia coli cytoplasm. | the colicin a lysis protein (cal) was used to direct the extracellular release of recombinant proteins produced in escherichia coli. the cal gene, under the control of its inducible promoter, was introduced into an expression vector encoding the human growth hormone devoid of its signal sequence (met-hgh). cal and met-hgh were simultaneously expressed at two different levels of met-hgh induction. the results indicate that cal causes the excretion of non-aggregated met-hgh from the cytoplasm to t ... | 1993 | 8364095 |
| resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in barbados. | resistance to third-generation, or extended-spectrum, cephalosporins caused by induction of class i beta-lactamases has been reported rarely from developing countries. seven isolates of cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative rods were recovered recently from urine, burns and ulcers in the queen elizabeth hospital, barbados. the isolates were identified as acinetobacter calcoaceticus (2), citrobacter freundii (1), enterobacter cloacae (1), morganella morganii (1), providencia stuartii (1) and prot ... | 1993 | 8367967 |
| copper-resistant enteric bacteria from united kingdom and australian piggeries. | thirty-three enteric isolates from australian (escherichia coli only) and united kingdom (u.k.) (salmonella sp., citrobacter spp., and e. coli) piggeries were characterized with respect to their copper resistance. the copper resistance phenotypes of four new australian e. coli isolates were comparable with that of the previously studied e. coli k-12 strain ed8739(prj1004), in that the resistance level in rich media was high (up to 18 mm cuso4) and resistance was inducible. copper resistance was ... | 1993 | 8368840 |
| lysine-mannitol-glycerol agar, a medium for the isolation of salmonella spp., including s. typhi and atypical strains. | an agar medium for the isolation of salmonella spp. is described. the medium, lysine-mannitol-glycerol agar, has features of both xylose-lysine-deoxycholate agar and mannitol-lysine-crystal violet-brilliant green agar, but glycerol is added for the differentiation of salmonella and citrobacter spp. the medium facilitates the detection of strains having atypical fermentation patterns, such as the lactose- or sucrose-positive salmonellae. the medium also detects salmonella typhi after enrichment. | 1993 | 8368847 |
| monoclonal antibodies that react with live listeria spp. | seven monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against listeria spp. that were reactive with live listeria spp. were developed. two of these mabs (55-8 and 55-37) were members of the immunoglobulin m class, and all other mabs were members of the immunoglobulin g class. mab 55-23 reacted with 148 of 157 strains tested. mab 34-51 reacted with serotype 1/2a, 1/2b, and 1/2c strains and exhibited a scattered reaction pattern with strains belonging to other serotypes. mab 55-44 reacted with all of the strains bel ... | 1993 | 8368856 |
| the bacteriophage mu middle operon: essential and nonessential functions. | transcription during the bacteriophage mu lytic cycle occurs in three phases: early, middle, and late. previous dna sequence analysis of the middle operon revealed five potential open reading frames (orfs) with lengths of 39, 42, 72, 120, and 140 amino acids. the distal 140-amino-acid orf encodes c, the activator of late transcription. expression of the middle operon under the control of a t7 promoter and t7 rna polymerase resulted in production of two polypeptides of 15 (orf 120) and 16.5 kda ( ... | 1993 | 8372443 |
| sequences of wild-type and mutant ampd genes of citrobacter freundii and enterobacter cloacae. | the ampd gene product regulates the expression of ampc beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria and is proposed to be involved in peptidoglycan metabolism. in this study, we sequenced the ampd wild type and three mutant genes of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. they exhibited a high degree of homology with the corresponding gene of escherichia coli except in the carboxy termini, where, in the wild-type genes of e. cloacae and c. freundii, four additional amino acids yielding the se ... | 1993 | 8383940 |
| comparative antimicrobial activity of lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enoxacin against > 500 bacterial isolates. | an agar dilution technique was used to compare the antimicrobial activities of lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enoxacin against 544 strains of bacterial isolates. among the five quinolone agents tested, ciprofloxacin was the most active. enoxacin was the most active after ciprofloxacin against escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus mirabilis, shigella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, and haemophilus influenzae with an mic90 of < or = 0.25 micrograms/ml. ofloxacin ... | 1993 | 8396196 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a gene (pchr) encoding an arac family activator of pyochelin and ferripyochelin receptor synthesis in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa k372 is deficient in the production of both the 75-kda ferripyochelin receptor protein and pyochelin. a 1.8-kb ecori-sali fragment which restored production of both the receptor protein and pyochelin was cloned. nucleotide sequencing of the fragment revealed an open reading frame of 888 bp, designated pchr (pyochelin), capable of encoding a 296-amino-acid protein of a 32,339-da molecular mass. by using a phage t7-based expression system, a protein of ca. 32 kda was produce ... | 1993 | 8397186 |
| [oral ofloxacin versus intramuscular ceftriaxone in antibiotic prophylaxis in transurethral prostate resection]. | this randomized prospective study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a single oral dose of ofl compared to a single parenteral dose of ctrx prior to turp. 191 patients (mean age: 68.7 +/- 6.2 years) with bacterial free urine before surgery were enrolled and received either ofl: 400 mg per os (n = 95) or ctrx: 1 g intrasmuscularly (n = 96) at the pre-anaesthetic medication time (two hours prior turp). two urine cultures were obtained: on the day of the patient's discharge and within one month a ... | 1993 | 8401617 |
| replicon typing characterization of plasmids encoding resistance to gentamicin and apramycin in escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium isolated from human and animal sources in belgium. | escherichia coli and salmonella strains with plasmids conferring resistance to gentamicin and apramycin have been isolated with increasing frequency both from cattle and hospital patients in belgium. the apramycin-gentamicin resistance plasmids were characterized in recipient strains by their profiles and molecular weights using agarose gel electrophoresis, by their antimicrobial resistance patterns and by replicon typing using a series of dna probes specific for the genes controlling their syst ... | 1993 | 8405151 |
| the eae gene of citrobacter freundii biotype 4280 is necessary for colonization in transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia is characterized by proliferation of anchored stem cells in the mucosa of the descending colon of laboratory mice and is caused by citrobacter freundii biotype 4280. this bacterium produces attaching and effacing lesions in the descending colon prior to the onset of gross hyperplasia. by mutational analysis, the chromosomal eae gene of c. freundii biotype 4280 was shown to be necessary for colonic colonization. conversely, bacteria cured of a 65-kb plasmi ... | 1993 | 8406863 |
| bacteriology of neonatal septicaemia in a rural referral hospital in south india. | out of 640 suspected cases of neonatal septicaemia studied, bacteraemia was detected in 255 (40 per cent) of the infants. gram negative organisms were predominant (56 per cent) with pseudomonas, citrobacter, and klebsiella as the commonest pathogens. among the gram positive organisms both staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis were equally prevalent. staphylococci were mainly responsible for early onset infections, whereas salmonella typhimurium and pseudomonas were the main organi ... | 1993 | 8411317 |
| gram-negative enteric bacillary meningitis: a twenty-one-year experience. | we reviewed our experience with gram-negative enteric bacillary meningitis in neonates and infants from 1969 through 1989. ninety-eight patients were identified. their ages were from 1 day to 2 years with a median of 10 days. in 25 patients (26%), predisposing factors were identified, the most common of which were neural tube defects and urinary tract anomalies. the causative agents were escherichia coli (53%), klebsiella-enterobacter species (16%), citrobacter diversus (9%), salmonella species ... | 1993 | 8419603 |
| [nose and throat carriage in "food handlers"]. | from december 1991 to february 1992, 450 personnel have been investigated for pathogen microorganisms in their nose and throat. the study was performed in the infectious diseases section of gülhane military medical academy. pathogen microorganisms have been isolated from 54 nose culture (12%) and 6 throat culture (1.33%). in one person pathogen microorganisms have been isolated from his nose and throat. the difference between the two groups (the nose and throat cultures) was significant at p = 0 ... | 1993 | 8421445 |
| shiga-like toxin ii-related cytotoxins in citrobacter freundii strains from humans and beef samples. | by hybridizing colonies grown from 928 individual stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhea with oligonucleotide probes 772 and 849 complementary to shiga-like toxin i (slt-i) and slt-ii gene sequences, respectively, we identified two strains that hybridized with probe 849, which biochemical identification revealed as citrobacter freundii. an additional five slt-ii probe-positive isolates were screened from 81 beef samples. polymerase chain reaction analysis and restriction of amplified ... | 1993 | 8423084 |
| role of ser-238 and lys-240 in the hydrolysis of third-generation cephalosporins by shv-type beta-lactamases probed by site-directed mutagenesis and three-dimensional modeling. | a growing number of extended spectrum shv-type beta-lactamases capable of hydrolyzing third-generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime have been reported. these new enzymes differ by a few amino acids from shv-1, an enzyme incapable of hydrolyzing these drugs. two of these substitutions, gly-238-->ser and glu-240-->lys, are in a key beta-strand of the catalytic site of class a beta-lactamases. to understand the structural basis of these new activities, we first subcloned the dn ... | 1993 | 8429044 |
| interspecific plasmid transfer and modification of heat-stable enterotoxin expression by klebsiella pneumoniae from infants with diarrhea. | we have previously described two heat-stable enterotoxins (st) produced by citrobacter freundii and by klebsiella pneumoniae. to see whether transfer of toxigenic ability may occur between different bacterial species, conjugal mating experiments were performed using strains isolated from children. donors and recipients were incubated together. st production by the recipients was tested by the suckling mouse assay, which is the standard biologic method for detecting st, and also by an elisa test. ... | 1993 | 8433897 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity of fk037, a novel parenteral broad-spectrum cephalosporin. | fk037 is a new parenteral cephalosporin, which offers some advantages over the commercially available parenteral cephalosporins. it demonstrated potent broad-spectrum activity against clinical isolates of gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and gram-negative bacteria including pseudomonas aeruginosa. against clinical isolates of aerobic gram-positive bacteria, fk037, like cefpirome, demonstrated more potent activity than ceftazidime, cefoperazone and ceftizoxime ... | 1993 | 8436562 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of urinary pathogens from inpatients in kumasi, ghana. | 1993 | 8438516 | |
| analysis of 7-substituted sialic acid in some enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides. | sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides (lps) were isolated from six bacterial strains of the family enterobacteriaceae. sialic acid was released from permethylated lps by methanolysis, and partially o-methylated n-acetyl-n-methyl-neuraminic acid methyl ester methyl glycosides were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography-electron ionization mass spectrometry. it was proved that all lps contain n-acetylneuraminic acid (neuac). the occurrence of 7-substituted neuac in escherichia coli serotypes o ... | 1993 | 8444811 |
| characterization of the replicon from plasmid pac1 from acetobacter pasteurianus. | a panel of recombinant plasmids pack5 and pact7 was prepared by introducing kanamycin and tetracycline resistance into the partially split plasmid pac1 which contained replicon isolated from acetobacter pasteurianus. the replicon in plasmid pac1 is compatible with the cole1 replicon. compared to pbr322, the plasmid had more than 30 copies per chromosome in escherichia coli cells. plasmids were transformed into e. coli dh1, acetobacter pasteurianus 3614, acetobacter aceti 3620, shigella, citrobac ... | 1993 | 8447828 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fk-037, a parenteral cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of fk-037, 5-amino-2-[[(6r, 7r)-7-[[(z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2- methoxyimino) acetyl] amino]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1- azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1h-pyrazoli um hydroxide, inner salt, sulfate (1:1), a new parenteral cephem, was compared with those of cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin. fk-037 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylocci at < or = 4 micrograms/ml. of 98 isolates of homogenous methicillin-resistant staphyloco ... | 1993 | 8460925 |
| detection of salmonella in animal protein by rappaport-vassiliadis broth using indirect impediometry. | indirect impedance methodology for the detection of salmonella was investigated using a rapid automated bacterial impedance technique (rabit) system. four commercially available rappaport-vassiliadis (rv) enrichment broths were evaluated for their sensitivity and selectivity in detecting salmonella using this technique. the rv from lab m and oxoid (new) gave the shortest detection times and showed good correlation between salmonella numbers and detection times. using lab m medium, the indirect i ... | 1993 | 8466801 |
| purification and characterization of three carboxylesterases from enterobacteriaceae. | the carboxylesterases from proteus vulgaris, salmonella enterica and citrobacter amalonaticus were purified 104-, 95- and 120-fold, respectively by chromatography. the enzymes had similar catalytic activities but differed considerably in their inactivation by heat, di-isopropyl fluorophosphate and cd2+, zn2+, hg2+ and cu2+. quantitative neutralization of hydrolytic activity with specific immunoglobulins indicated that the three enzymes were antigenically distinct. | 1993 | 8472928 |
| citrobacter diversus ventriculitis and brain abscesses in an adult. | a case of citrobacter diversus brain abscesses following urinary infection in an adult is described. the patient was treated with surgical drainage, netilmicin and cefotaxime. citrobacter species cns infection is discussed. | 1993 | 8473769 |
| overproduction, solubilization, purification and dna-binding properties of ampr from citrobacter freundii. | ampr belongs to the lysr family of prokaryotic dna-binding transcriptional regulators and controls induction of the enterobacterial ampc beta-lactamase gene. the ampr gene of citrobacter freundii was deregulated by employing the polymerase chain reaction to introduce an efficient ribosome-binding sequence and suitable restriction enzyme sites for cloning into a chemically inducible tac-promoter expression vector. when induced in escherichia coli, the modified ampr gene rapidly overproduced the a ... | 1993 | 8477712 |
| the activity of cefpirome and ten other antibacterial agents against 2858 clinical isolates collected from 20 centres. | two thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight aerobic clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas species, staphylococci, streptococci and haemophilus species were collected in 19 geographically separated centres in the uk and one in ireland. the identity of each isolate was confirmed at southmead hospital and the mic of cefpirome, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cephradine, amoxycillin, piperacillin, imipenem, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim was determined by an agar dilut ... | 1993 | 8486569 |
| attaching and effacing locus of a citrobacter freundii biotype that causes transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. | citrobacter freundii biotype 4280 produces attaching and effacing (ae) lesions in the large intestine of laboratory mice and is the causative agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. ae lesions are also produced by enteropathogenic escherichia coli in humans. southern analysis revealed that biotype 4280, but not 20 other strains of c. freundii, contained dna homologous to the eae (e. coli attaching and effacing) gene which is necessary for ae activity by enteropathogenic e. coli in vit ... | 1993 | 8500884 |
| immunological relatedness of the lamb proteins among members of enterobacteriaceae. | we have studied the immunological relatedness of lamb proteins from a wide range of enterobacterial species, using antibodies directed against denatured escherichia coli k12 and klebsiella pneumoniae lamb proteins (lambe.c. and lambk.p., respectively), and anti-peptide antibodies directed against 10 distinct loops of lamb from e. coli k12 predicted to protrude either side of the outer membrane. we have shown that a protein immunologically related to lambe.c. and lambk.p. was present in all membe ... | 1993 | 8515243 |
| specific detection of salmonella spp. by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | three sets of oligonucleotide primers were used in the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to detect salmonella species. phop primers specific to the phop/phoq loci of coliform pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella, shigella, escherichia coli, and citrobacter species served as presumptive indicators of enteric bacteria. in addition to the phop primers, the hin and the h-1i primers, which targeted a 236-bp region of hin/h2 and a 173-bp region of the h-1i flagellin gene, respectively, were used ... | 1993 | 8517741 |
| [acute gastric distension due to sepsis in a newborn infant]. | the acute distention of stomach in the newborn is conditional by metabolic alterations like hypocalcemia or by septic states. we present the case of a newborn with antecedents of membrane rupture for 12 hours obtained by cesarean procedure, of 38 weeks by capurro, score without perinatal asphyxia and 3320 g of birth weight, which evolutioned with respiratory distress and its first exams showed leukopenia, low platelet count and the cerebrospinal fluid showed 390 cells with polymorphonuclear pred ... | 1993 | 8517936 |
| isolation of a citrobacter freundii strain which carries the escherichia coli o157 antigen. | a biochemically typical strain of citrobacter freundii which carries the escherichia coli o157 antigen is described. the significance of differentiating such strains from typical e. coli o157 strains is stressed. | 1993 | 7681442 |
| structure and antigenic properties of citrobacter freundii lipopolysaccharides. | citrobacter freundii strain e69366 was detected in a colony immunoassay with a rabbit antiserum prepared to a strain of escherichia coli belonging to serogroup o157. lipopolysaccharide (lps) was shown to contain the epitope(s) involved in antibody binding. lps prepared from strain e69366, with hot phenol contained core-lps that migrated to the water-phase and long-chain lps that separated into the phenol-phase. a total of 36 strains of cit. freundii were analysed for their lps profiles by sds-pa ... | 1993 | 7683640 |
| assessment of macroporous polystyrene-based polymers for the immobilization of citrobacter freundii. | polyhipe polymers represent a novel immobilization support possessing many desirable characteristics. these materials have been used to immobilize citrobacter freundii in order to develop a continuous bioconversion system for the anaerobic production of trimethylene glycol from glycerol. several immobilization methods were employed, of which the most successful involved culturing the organism with polyhipe in shake-flasks, transferring the contents into a column, and growing the cells in situ wi ... | 1993 | 7763451 |
| antimicrobial activity of essential oil from schinus molle linn. | the essential oil from the fresh leaves of schinus molle isolated by hydrodistillation was tested for antibacterial activity using the hole plate diffusion method and for antifungal activity using the mycelium or single cell growth inhibition method. results obtained showed that the volatile oil exhibited significant activity against the following bacterial species: klebsiella pneumoniae, alcaligenes faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, leuconostoc cremoris, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus vulgaris ... | 1993 | 8055554 |
| phylogenetic tree and sequence similarity of beta-lactamases. | beta-lactamases are the main cause of beta-lactam resistance in many pathogenic bacteria. these enzymes can be detected in a variety of pathogenic as well as non-pathogenic bacteria. the cyanobacteria are also known to produce a beta-lactamase. recently, the amino acid sequences and the three-dimensional structures of some of these beta-lactamases have been clarified. on the basis of the amino acid sequences of 47 beta-lactamases and the computer-aided analysis, a phylogenetic tree is proposed i ... | 1993 | 8025724 |
| interactions of wild-type and mutant ampr of citrobacter freundii with target dna. | the ampr transcriptional activator for the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase gene of citrobacter freundii was found to interact with an operator sequence located in the 5' half of the 38 bp region protected by ampr in dnase i footprinting experiments. ampr binding was associated with significant dna bending of target dna. a glycine to glutamic acid alteration at position 102 in ampr converts ampr into a transcriptional activator even in the absence of beta-lactam inducer. amprg102e interacted with ... | 1993 | 7968533 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones against clinical isolates obtained in 1989 and 1990. | the in vitro activity of nine fluoroquinolones, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, tosufloxacin, sparfloxacin, fleroxacin and levofloxacin, and two earlier quinolones, nalidixic acid and pipemidic acid, against 1,346 bacterial strains isolated clinically between 1989 and 1990, was evaluated by agar dilution method. the bacteria studied were staphylococcus aureus (including methicillin-susceptible and -resistant strains), staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococcus specie ... | 1993 | 7911351 |
| three-dimensional structure of tyrosine phenol-lyase. | tyrosine phenol-lyase (ec 4.1.99.2) from citrobacter freundii has been cloned and the primary sequence deduced from the dna sequence. from the brcn digest of the nabh4-reduced holoenzyme, five peptides were purified and sequenced. the amino acid sequences of the peptides agreed with the corresponding parts of the tyrosine phenol-lyase sequence obtained from the gene structure. k257 is the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding residue. assisted by the sequence data, the crystal structure of apotyrosine ... | 1993 | 7916622 |
| characterization of membrane-bound spermidine dehydrogenase of citrobacter freundii. | spermidine dehydrogenase found in the membrane fraction of citrobacter freundii ifo 12681 was solubilized with triton x-100 and further purified to homogeneity. the properties of the membrane enzyme were almost identical to those obtained from the soluble fraction of the organism with respect to molecular and catalytic properties. thus, binding properties of the enzyme to the bacterial membrane were checked. the ratio of enzyme activity found in the soluble fraction to the membrane fraction was ... | 1992 | 1369091 |
| immunochemical characterization of citrobacter strain pcm 1487 o-specific polysaccharide- and core oligosaccharide-protein conjugates. | o-specific-polysaccharide and core oligosaccharide were isolated from citrobacter strain pcm 1487 lipopolysaccharide and purified. the polysaccharide was selectively devoid of 4-deoxy-d-arabinohexose residues. covalent conjugates of the modified o-specific polysaccharide and of the core oligosaccharide with tetanus toxoid were prepared. immunochemical characterization of these conjugates proved that they are strong immunogens. using monospecific rabbit antisera raised against the conjugates, the ... | 1992 | 1376131 |
| citrobacter freundii septic arthritis. | septic arthritis in an 8 month old infant due to citrobacter freundii was treated successfully with a third generation cephalosporin. infections due to citrobacter are uncommon in this age group and are almost unknown as a cause of septic arthritis. | 1992 | 1389455 |
| binding of mutagenic pyrolyzates to fractions of intestinal bacterial cells. | the binding of mutagenic pyrolyzates to cell fractions from some gram-negative intestinal bacteria and to thermally treated bacterial cells was investigated. 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5h-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (trp-p-1) and 3-amino-1-methyl-5h-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (trp-p-2) were effectively bound by several of the bacterial cells. the cell wall skeletons of all bacteria effectively bound trp-p-1 and trp-p-2. their cytoplasmic fractions retained trp-p-1 and trp-p-2, but to a lesser extent than the cell wa ... | 1992 | 1393830 |
| [bacterial contamination of arthropods in a health facility]. | at 55 sites of a health institution in july and september 1990 a total of 161 specimens of arthropods were detected, 30 outdoors and 131 on the premises of the health institution. on their bodies 116 bacterial strains were isolated, mostly gram-negative rods (more than 85%), in particular spp. enterobacter, acinetobacter, klebsiella, citrobacter and pseudomonas. gram-positive cocci accounted for cca 12%, in particular strains of s. haemolyticus and s. hominis. the greatest number of strains was ... | 1992 | 1394473 |
| antibacterial activity of the investigational oral and parenteral cephalosporin bk-218. | bk-218 is a novel cephalosporin with a dual route of administration and spectrum of activity most similar to that of second-generation cephalosporins. bk-218 was active against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis but strains resistant to penicillins had higher mics. bk-218 had greater activity (8-fold) than cefuroxime or cefaclor against oxacillin-susceptible staphylococcus spp. moderate bk-218 activity was observed against neisseria gonorrhoeae and commonl ... | 1992 | 1396735 |
| comparative in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of ru29246, the active metabolite of hr916b. | hr 916b is a new orally absorbed cephalosporin. in tests its active metabolite, ru29246, inhibited streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae and streptococcus pneumoniae at less than or equal to 0.12 micrograms/ml, which is similar to the antibacterial activity of cefuroxime, and was more active than cefaclor. it was also more active (mic 2 micrograms/ml) than cefixime, cefuroxime, cefaclor and cefotaxime against staphylococci. ru29246 inhibited escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, ci ... | 1992 | 1396779 |
| citrobacter sepsis in infants. | a study of blood cultures from 320 cases of neonatal sepsis showed 136 (42.5%) to be positive for bacterial growth; of these 82 (60.29%) isolates being gram negative bacilli. citrobacter was the commonest gram negative bacilli isolated. other commonly isolated gram negative organisms were pseudomonas, klebsiella, salmonella typhimurium, acinetobacter and escherichia coli. antibiotics susceptibility pattern revealed the isolates to be resistant to commonly used antibiotics. | 1992 | 1398863 |
| cefclidin (e1040), a novel cephalosporin: lack of selection of beta-lactamase overproducing mutants in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model system. | the bactericidal activity of cefclidin (e1040), a new cephalosporin, against a clinical strain of citrobacter freundii was compared with that of ceftazidime in a two-compartment in vitro pharmacokinetic model system designed to simulate plasma concentrations in humans for 12 hours after intravenous administration of a 1 g dose. both cefclidin and ceftazidime showed rapid bactericidal activity against c. freundii. however, during the simulation of ceftazidime treatment, regrowth was observed afte ... | 1992 | 1399855 |
| specific detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli by using polymerase chain reaction. | development of a routine detection assay for campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in clinical specimens was undertaken by using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). an oligonucleotide primer pair from a conserved 5' region of the flaa gene of c. coli vc167 was used to amplify a 450-bp region by pcr. the primer pair specifically detected 4 strains of c. coli and 47 strains of c. jejuni; but it did not detect strains of campylobacter fetus, campylobacter lari, campylobacter upsaliensis, cam ... | 1992 | 1400961 |
| novobiocin, brilliant green, glycerol, lactose agar: a new medium for the isolation of salmonella strains. | we describe a medium, novobiocin, brilliant green, glycerol, lactose (nbgl) agar, for the routine isolation of salmonella strains from stool samples. the nbgl agar principle involved the use of the antisaprophytic effect of brilliant green and novobiocin. glycerol and lactose were added in order to distinguish between citrobacter and salmonella. nbgl was used in parallel with salmonella-shigella (ss) and hektoen (h) agar for culturing 2,853 stool samples, of which 184 were confirmed to be salmon ... | 1992 | 1410796 |
| in vitro activity and susceptibility to hydrolysis of s-1006. | the in vitro activity of s-1006, the active component of a new orally absorbed cephalosporin, s-1108, inhibited 90% of staphylococcus aureus isolates at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, 90% of group a, b, c, f, and g streptococci and streptococcus pneumoniae isolates at less than or equal to 0.12 microgram/ml, and all haemophilus influenzae isolates at less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml. although 50% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae were inhibited by less than or equal ... | 1992 | 1416835 |
| in vitro activity of mc-352, a new 16-membered macrolide. | the in vitro activity of mc-352, 3,4'-dideoxy-5-o-mycaminosyltylonolide, was compared with those of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and rokitamycin. the mc-352 mic90 (mic for 90% of isolates) for erythromycin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis was less than or equal to 1 microgram/ml, similar to those of the other agents. the mc-352 mic50 for erythromycin-resistant s. aureus was 2 micrograms/ml, similar to that of rokitamycin. the mc-352 mic90 (0.12 micrograms/ml) for ... | 1992 | 1416853 |
| antibacterial activity of ru44790, a new n-tetrazolyl monocyclic beta-lactam. | ru44790 belongs to a new class of synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotics which feature a bioisosteric tetrazole moiety instead of the more classical acidic functions at the n-1 position of the beta-lactam ring. its antibacterial activity was evaluated against some 900 strains and was compared with those of other recent beta-lactam derivatives, especially aztreonam. ru44790 is endowed with potent activity against gram-negative bacteria. at less than or equal to 0.6 micrograms/ml, ru44790 in ... | 1992 | 1416860 |
| cloning and expression of the erwinia herbicola tyrosine phenol-lyase gene in escherichia coli. | the tyrosine phenol-lyase (tpl) gene of erwinia herbicola was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene determined. the tpl gene comprises 1368 bp, encoding 456 amino acids which have 90% amino acid identity with tpl from citrobacter freundii. after replacing the 5'-flanking region of the tpl gene with the e. coli lac promoter, tpl protein could be hyperproduced constitutively in e. coli without induction by l-tyrosine. | 1992 | 1418690 |
| [antimicrobial activities of major oral antibacterial agents against clinically isolated microbial strains from inpatients]. | antimicrobial activities were examined for major antibacterial agents against clinically isolated microbial strains which were isolated and identified from materials collected from inpatients with various infections in 1988, 1989 and 1990, and the following conclusions were obtained. 1. among strains isolated each year, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) were found frequently. 2. ceps-resistant escherichia coli strains were observed among strains isolated each year. 3. increasing ... | 1992 | 1433903 |
| [antibacterial activities of sisomicin against fresh clinical isolates]. | to investigate antibacterial activities of sisomicin (siso), mics of siso as well as other aminoglycosides (ags) were determined against many clinical isolates which were obtained in 1991. results are summarized below: 1. no siso-resistant strains were observed among isolates of escherichia coli, citrobacter diversus, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus mirabilis and morganella morganii. 2. in comparison with the results of our previous study against isolat ... | 1992 | 1433905 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1988). i. susceptibility distribution]. | isolation frequencies and sensitivities to antibacterial and antibiotic agents were investigated on 801 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 9 hospitals during the period of june to november 1988. of the above total bacterial population, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 29.3% and a majority of them were enterococcus spp. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.7% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis: vancomycin was most active ... | 1992 | 1433906 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1988). iii. secular changes in susceptibility]. | sensitivities to various antibacterial and antibiotic agents of strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., proteus spp., citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens and pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (utis) in 9 hospitals during june to november 1988 were compared with those in the same period of previous year according to a classification, uncomplicated utis, complicated utis without indwelling catheter, and complicated utis with indw ... | 1992 | 1433908 |
| analysis of polar lipids from some representative enterobacteria, plesiomonas and acinetobacter by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry. | fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry (fab-ms) was used to analyse lipid extracts of bacteria to assess its usefulness for analysing anionic phospholipids of potential chemotaxonomic value. the following micro-organisms were tested: acinetobacter calcoaceticus, acinetobacter sp., citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae (2 strains), escherichia coli (3 strains), hafnia alvei, klebsiella oxytoca, klebsiella pneumoniae, morganella morganii, plesiomonas shigelloides, proteus mirabilis (3 strain ... | 1992 | 1447059 |
| evaluation of the autoscan-w/a rapid system for identification and susceptibility testing of gram-negative fermentative bacilli. | the autoscan-walk-away (w/a) system for identification and susceptibility testing was evaluated for 400 gram-negative fermentative bacteria by using the api 20e (366 isolates) and/or tube biochemical tests as the reference identification system and a frozen microdilution mic tray system for susceptibility testing. the w/a system performed well for identification of this group of organisms representing 14 genera and 30 species, showing a sensitivity of 96% and results available in 2 h. of the 16 ... | 1992 | 1452661 |
| analysis of relationships among isolates of citrobacter diversus by using dna fingerprints generated by repetitive sequence-based primers in the polymerase chain reaction. | oligonucleotide probes which match consensus sequences of the repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep) element hybridize to genomic dna of diverse bacterial species. primers based on the rep sequence generate complex band patterns with genomic dna in the polymerase chain reaction (pcr), a technique named rep-pcr. we used rep-pcr with genomic dna to fingerprint 47 isolates of citrobacter diversus. previously, 37 were assigned electrophoretic types (ets) by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and 35 ... | 1992 | 1452663 |
| [an increase in the immunogenicity of bacterial antigens under the influence of one of the derivatives of muramyl dipeptide]. | as revealed in animal experiments, glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide (gmdp), the synthetic analog of muramyl dipeptide, when introduced intraperitoneally in a single injection or orally, exhibits adjuvant activity with respect to citrobacter 0-antigens, shigella flexneri and enhances the protective properties of dysentery and pertussis vaccines. the stimulating properties of gmdp depend on its dose, the route of its administration, the time elapsed after its administration, its ratio to the concomit ... | 1992 | 1455969 |
| evaluation of progesterone treatment to create a model for equine endometritis. | to investigate a model for equine endometritis, 12 mares with normal reproductive tracts were divided into 2 groups. all mares received progesterone in oil, 250 mg im, daily. at 5 days after initiation of progesterone administration, the uteri were inoculated with 10(6) colony forming units of pseudomonas aeruginosa. the day of inoculation was designated day 0. on day 6, endometrial swab samples yielded p. aeruginosa in 5 mares; samples from the other 7 mares yielded heavy growth of escherichia ... | 1992 | 1459059 |
| antifungal anthracycline antibiotics, spartanamicins a and b from micromonospora spp. | spartanamicins a and b, two antifungal antibiotics, were produced by a culture of micromonospora spp. strain no. msu-43097 (atcc 53803), isolated from a potted soil containing asparagus (asparagus officinalis l.) plants. the antibiotics were isolated from the mycelial cake using organic solvents. the structures of spartanamicins a and b were determined by spectral and chemical means. spartanamicin b is more active as an antifungal compound than it's analogue, a. the minimum inhibitory concentrat ... | 1992 | 1468980 |
| [can the reactions of lysine oxidative deamination be used for the biochemical differentiation between salmonella sp. and citrobacter freundii?]. | 1992 | 1472785 | |
| beta-lactamase stability and inhibitory activity of meropenem combined with a potent antibacterial activity. | the affinity of meropenem for various known types of beta-lactamases and its stability to them were tested in comparison with other beta-lactams, including imipenem. meropenem exhibited a marked stability to all beta-lactamases tested and was only hydrolyzed by xanthomonas maltophilia beta-lactamase, as were other beta-lactams. this was responsible for the potent antibacterial activities of meropenem against beta-lactamase-producing strains. meropenem and imipenem had almost the same, relatively ... | 1992 | 1473360 |
| growth temperature-dependent activity of glycerol dehydratase in escherichia coli expressing the citrobacter freundii dha regulon. | using the cosmid pwe15, a genomic library of citrobacter freundii dna in escherichia coli ecl707 was prepared and screened for glycerol utilization. six out of approximately 3000 clones were positive. one clone, harboring the recombinant cosmid prd1, expressed glycerol dehydratase in high activity when grown at 28 degrees c but not at 37 degrees c. the growth temperature had little effect on the activity of the other enzymes encoded by the dha regulon. when the glycerol-containing medium was sup ... | 1992 | 1478463 |
| [effect of meropenem on fecal flora in children]. | meropenem (mepm, sm-7338), a novel parenteral carbapenem antibiotic, was examined for its effect on intestinal flora in children. seven children with infectious diseases (3 male and 4 female children of age's ranging from 4 months to 8 years and 9 months weighing from 7.3 to 23.0 kg) were treated with mepm at doses ranging 10.3 to 40.5 mg/kg 3 or 4 times a day for 6 to 12 days. before, during and after the treatment, identities and numbers of various bacteria contained in 1 g of feces were deter ... | 1992 | 1479688 |
| survey of the prevalence of beta-lactamases amongst 1000 gram-negative bacilli isolated consecutively at the royal london hospital. | beta-lactamase expression was examined in 1000 consecutive gram-negative bacilli isolated from urine, wound swab, sputum or blood specimens received at the microbiology laboratory of the royal london hospital. this survey, performed between january and april, 1991, followed a similar study undertaken in early 1982. the distribution of species was similar in the two surveys, except that the proportion of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates had increased from 11% in 1982 to 17.5% in the present study. ... | 1992 | 1490917 |
| [synergistic action of cefodizime with other antimicrobial agents on clinically isolated microorganisms. ii. synergistic action with sisomicin]. | cefodizime (cdzm) possesses a broad antimicrobial spectrum and a relatively long half life in the blood. in addition, it shows excellent therapeutic efficacies in the treatment of infections in leukopenic animal models, hence it is expected that cdzm may have good efficacies against various infections in immunocompromised hosts. in the meantime, sisomicin (siso) not only has strong antibacterial activities against gram-negative rods (gnr), but has relatively low nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. t ... | 1992 | 1495193 |
| [detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases by the rapid atb e technique. value of the api v2.1.1 expert system]. | twenty-two extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing strains of enterobacteriaceae recovered in the authors' hospital were tested using the rapid atb e coupled with the api v2.1.1. expert system. the expert system detected 90.9% of esbl-producing strains. two strains producing a shv2 and a ctx1, respectively, escaped detection by the expert system despite concomitant resistance to aminoglycosides. | 1992 | 1495843 |
| [spondylitis due to citrobacter diversus. case report and review of citrobacter diversus infections]. | citrobacter diversus (c.d.) is an unusual human pathogen. its pathogenic potency is small or nil, and in most cases it is isolated in combination with other organisms. most isolates are of indeterminate clinical significance. occasionally c.d. may cause opportunistic infections, especially in subjects with primary or secondary conditions of poor host defense, immunosuppressed patients or neonates. we report a case of c.d. vertebral osteomyelitis following c.d. pneumonia. the osteomyelitis was cu ... | 1992 | 1496345 |
| uranium bioaccumulation by a citrobacter sp. as a result of enzymically mediated growth of polycrystalline huo2po4. | a citrobacter sp. accumulates heavy deposits of metal phosphate, derived from an enzymically liberated phosphate ligand. the cells are not subject to saturation constraints and can accumulate several times their own weight of precipitated metal. this high capacity is attributable to biomineralization; uranyl phosphate accumulates as polycrystalline huo2po4 at the cell surface. the precipitated metal is indistinguishable from crystalline huo2po4.4h2o grown by chemical methods. | 1992 | 1496397 |
| the effect of amino acid substitution at position 219 of citrobacter freundii cephalosporinase on extension of its substrate spectrum. | the cephalosporinase of citrobacter freundii gn346 is a class-c beta-lactamase comprising 361 amino acids. the substitution of the glutamic acid at position 219 in the enzyme by lysine was previously shown to broaden its substrate specificity to unfavorable substrates such as oxyimino cephalosporins [tsukamoto, k., ohno, r. & sawai, t. (1990) j. bacteriol. 172, 4348-4351]. to investigate the cause of this phenomenon, glu219 was changed to glutamine, cysteine or tryptophan. all the resultant enzy ... | 1992 | 1499556 |