Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| molecular and serological survey of hepatitis e virus infection among domestic pigs in inner mongolia, china. | to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of swine hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in inner mongolia, china, serum samples obtained from 356 2- to 4-month-old pigs on 14 farms in inner mongolia were tested for the presence of anti-hev antibodies and hev rna. overall, 186 pigs (52%) tested positive for anti-hev antibodies, while 30 pigs (8%) had detectable hev rna levels. the 30 hev isolates recovered from the viremic pigs were phylogenetically classified into genotype 4 and differed from ... | 2010 | 20512514 |
| household data from the ugandan hepatitis e virus outbreak indicate the dominance of community infection. | 2010 | 20518677 | |
| use of monoclonal antibodies against hendra and nipah viruses in an antigen capture elisa. | outbreaks of hendra (hev) and nipah (niv) viruses have been reported starting in 1994 and 1998, respectively. both viruses are capable of causing fatal disease in humans and effecting great economical loss in the livestock industry. | 2010 | 20525276 |
| surveillance of hepatitis e virus in sewage and drinking water in a resettlement colony of delhi: what has been the experience? | hepatitis e virus infection is one of the major causes of hepatitis and has been responsible for many sporadic waterborne hepatitis epidemics. we studied 141 cases of viral hepatitis in the gokulpuri area and collected the tap water, sewage water and serum samples from the individual cases of hepatitis in the community. samples were analysed for the presence of hepatitis e virus (hev) by rt-pcr, followed by sequencing. forty-one out of 141 (29.08%) cases of viral hepatitis had evidence of hev in ... | 2010 | 20532928 |
| recombination analysis reveals a double recombination event in hepatitis e virus. | recombination of hepatitis e virus (hev) has rarely been reported. in the present study, phylogenetic and recombination analyses were performed on 134 complete hev genomes. three potentially significant recombination events, including both intra-genotype and one inter-genotype, were identified by recombination detection analysis. recombination events i and ii occurred intra-genotype and inter-genotype, respectively, among three isolates, including the lineage represented by chn-xj-sw13 (gu119961 ... | 2010 | 20546601 |
| hepatitis e virus: animal reservoirs and zoonotic risk. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a small, non-enveloped, single-strand, positive-sense rna virus of approximately 7.2kb in size. hev is classified in the family hepeviridae consisting of four recognized major genotypes that infect humans and other animals. genotypes 1 and 2 hev are restricted to humans and often associated with large outbreaks and epidemics in developing countries with poor sanitation conditions, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 hev infect humans, pigs and other animal species and are respon ... | 2010 | 19361937 |
| phylogenetic designation of enterovirus 71 genotypes and subgenotypes using complete genome sequences. | human enterovirus 71 (ev-71) is genotyped for molecular epidemiological investigation mainly using the two structural genes, vp1 and vp4. based on these, ev-71 is divided into three genotypes, a, b and c, and within the genotypes b and c, there are further subgenotypes, b1-b5 and c1-c5. classification using these genes is useful but gives incomplete phylogenetic information. in the present study, the phylogenetic relationships amongst all the known ev-71 and human enterovirus a (hev-a) isolates ... | 2010 | 19465162 |
| genotype 3 hepatitis e virus existed among swine groups in 4 geographically far regions in china. | 2010 | 19619963 | |
| concurrent autochthonous acute hepatitis e and hepatitis b reverse seroconversion in an hiv-1-infected patient: one virus may hide another. | 2010 | 19656710 | |
| a hepatitis e outbreak caused by a temporary interruption in a municipal water treatment system, baripada, orissa, india, 2004. | in january 2004, we investigated a cluster of acute hepatitis in baripada, orissa, india. between january and march 2004, 538 cases (definition: fever with loss of appetite and jaundice) were reported (attack rate: 263 per 100 000, 5 deaths, case fatality rate: 0.93%). forty-seven of 48 sera were positive for igm antibodies to hepatitis e virus. cases peaked in february 2004 and decreased rapidly, suggesting a common source outbreak. five neighbourhoods supplied by a common water supply were mos ... | 2010 | 19716576 |
| seroprevalence of igg antibodies to hepatitis e in urban and rural southern india. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important cause of sporadic and epidemic hepatitis e infection in northern india. sera, collected from different age groups in rural (n=1144) and urban (n=1135) areas using a probability proportional to size survey, were tested using an elisa for igg antibodies. antibodies increased with age in both populations, but the urban population had higher exposure in all age groups (mann-whitney u test, p<0.001 for all age groups except children <5 years). these results ind ... | 2010 | 19729178 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus in wild boar (sus scrofa) livers. | the routes of transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) in industrialised countries are largely unknown, but several studies suggest that hev can be a porcine zoonosis. the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hev in the wild boar (sus scrofa) and to determine the genetic relationships between hev sequences recovered from wild boars and from domestic pigs and humans. hev rna was detected by real time reverse transcriptase pcr in 7/285 (2.5%) liver samples from wild boars hun ... | 2010 | 19747861 |
| hepatitis e virus seroepidemiology and its change during 1 year in primary school students in ankara, turkey. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is widespread throughout the world. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the time-related change of antibody levels against hepatitis e in primary school children. in this cross sectional study, the samples of 515 students were examined at two times. the mean age of the students was 7(6-13) years. the seroprevalences of anti-hev were 1.7% and 2.1% at the first and second visits respectively. there was no statistically significant differences between anti-hev sero ... | 2010 | 19778297 |
| current issues in the management of paediatric viral hepatitis. | viral hepatitis poses important problems for children. in preschoolers, hepatitis a virus (hav) infection frequently causes acute liver failure. vaccinating toddlers against hav in countries with high endemicity is expected to decrease mortality. hav vaccine demonstrates efficacy (comparable to immunoglobulin) as post-exposure prophylaxis. a recently developed vaccine against hepatitis e virus (hev) may benefit fetal health, because pregnant women are most prone to acute liver failure as a resul ... | 2010 | 19840256 |
| hepatitis e virus infection as a cause of graft hepatitis in liver transplant recipients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection induces self-limiting liver disease in immunocompetent individuals. cases of chronic hepatitis e have recently been identified in organ transplant recipients. we questioned if chronic hepatitis e plays a role in graft hepatitis after liver transplantation in a low endemic area. two hundred twenty-six liver transplant recipients, 129 nontransplanted patients with chronic liver disease, and 108 healthy controls were tested for hev antibodies. hev rna was investiga ... | 2010 | 19866448 |
| hepatitis e virus-based evaluation of a virion concentration method and detection of enteric viruses in environmental samples by multiplex nested rt-pcr. | the prevalence of enteric viruses in drinking and river water samples collected from pune, india was assessed. during an outbreak of hev in a small town near pune, water samples were screened for enteric viruses. | 2010 | 19878363 |
| the use of bayesian methods for evaluating the performance of a virus-like particles-based elisa for serology of hepatitis e virus infection in swine. | in the absence of commercial kits for serological studies specifically for hepatitis e virus (hev) infection of swine, the capsid protein of a swine genotype 3 hev was expressed using a recombinant baculovirus. this antigen was used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of anti-hev antibodies. estimation of sensitivity and specificity was carried out in comparison with a commercial serological assay using sera from pigs infected experimentally with hev genotype 3, negativ ... | 2010 | 19879297 |
| combined chloroquine and ribavirin treatment does not prevent death in a hamster model of nipah and hendra virus infection. | hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) are recently emerged, closely related and highly pathogenic paramyxoviruses that cause severe disease such as encephalitis in animals and humans with fatality rates of up to 75 %. due to their high case fatality rate following human infection and because of the lack of effective vaccines or therapy, they are classified as biosafety level 4 pathogens. a recent study reported that chloroquine, an anti-malarial drug, was effective in preventing niv and hev i ... | 2010 | 19889926 |
| detection of a novel hepatitis e-like virus in faeces of wild rats using a nested broad-spectrum rt-pcr. | hepatitis e is a rare human disease in developed countries. it is caused by hepatitis e virus (hev), which is probably transmitted zoonotically to humans from domestic pigs and wild boars. multiple reports on the detection of hev-specific antibodies in rats have suggested the presence of an hev-related agent; however, infectious virus or a viral genome has not been demonstrated so far. here, a nested broad-spectrum rt-pcr protocol was developed capable of detecting different hev types including ... | 2010 | 19889929 |
| sporadic cases of acute autochthonous hepatitis e virus infection in southwest germany. | hepatitis e infection is usually a self-limiting disease and an important cause of acute hepatitis in tropical and subtropical regions where the virus is endemic. in industrialized countries, sporadic cases of acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infections have been described and the number of documented autochthonous infections seems to be increasing. we report three sporadic cases of autochthonous hepatitis e infections in southwestern germany which presented at our university hospital within two ye ... | 2010 | 19910247 |
| antibody reactivity of conformational peptide mimics of a conserved h5n1 neutralization site in different fusion proteins. | several peptide mimics of a conserved h5n1 avian influenza virus neutralization site recognized by 8h5 mab have been reported previously. in this study, the secondary and possibly higher structural orders of the peptide mimics 122 and 125 were investigated and found to be closely related to the specific binding with 8h5 mab. these two peptide mimics were fused to three different carrier proteins, and the antibody binding activities were recovered in 4 of the 11 fusion proteins. hev structural pr ... | 2010 | 19911251 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus in the uk farming population. | hepatitis e is a zoonosis that can be acquired by the consumption of contaminated food or water, or via person-to-person spread. however, little is known about the transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) in the uk. we investigated the epidemiology of indigenous hepatitis e infection using the phls farm cohort, a sentinel group with a history of close contact with a range of domestic animals. ten of the 413 subjects tested were positive for hepatitis e igg antibodies (2.4%). seroprevalence peaked ... | 2010 | 19912601 |
| duration of hepatitis e viremia in pregnancy. | to investigate the duration of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in pregnant and non-pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis (avh) or fulminant hepatic failure (fhf). | 2010 | 19932653 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus in chinese blood donors. | a point prevalence study of hepatitis e virus (hev) in chinese blood donors was conducted, and the prevalences of antibodies against hev immunoglobulin g (igg) and igm among chinese blood donors were 32.60% and 0.94%, respectively. hev viremia was 0.07%. | 2010 | 19940058 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus in slaughtered pigs in italy. | the stools of slaughtered pigs were screened for hepatitis e virus (hev). hev rna was detected in 7.3% of the samples. hev strains were characterized as genotype 3 subtype c, a cluster previously not described in italy. these findings provide evidence that slaughterhouse workers may be exposed to hev infection. | 2010 | 19943070 |
| a sabin 2-related poliovirus recombinant contains a homologous sequence of human enterovirus species c in the viral polymerase coding region. | a type 2 vaccine-related poliovirus (strain chn3024), differing from the sabin 2 strain by 0.44% in the vp1 coding region was isolated from a patient with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis. sequences downstream of nucleotide position 6735 (3d(pol) coding region) were derived from an unidentified sequence; no close match for a potential parent was found, but it could be classified into a non-polio human enteroviruses species c (hev-c) phylogeny. the virus differed antigenically from the ... | 2010 | 19946714 |
| long-term shedding of hepatitis e virus in the feces of pigs infected naturally, born to sows with and without maternal antibodies. | pigs are presumed reservoirs for hepatitis e virus (hev) transmission to humans. to examine infection kinetics, two litters of domestic pigs (a and b, each containing 10 piglets) infected naturally with hev were studied until pigs were 6 months old. maternal igg and iga antibodies were detected in litter a piglets, but not in litter b ones. all pigs shed hev in feces when they were 30-110 days old, and 17 developed viremia at 40-100 days of age. phylogenetic analysis revealed a highly close sequ ... | 2010 | 19950246 |
| detection of hepatitis e virus of genotype 3 in a farm pig in kinshasa (democratic republic of the congo). | autochthonous hepatitis e is an emerging disease in industrialized countries where a growing body of data indicates that pigs represent a reservoir for hepatitis e virus (hev) of genotype 3 or 4. in africa, only hev genotypes 1 and 2 have been identified in hepatitis e outbreaks as well as in sporadic cases. we aimed to investigate whether commercial pigs in sub-saharan africa might represent an hev reservoir using molecular assays. faecal samples from 40 pigs of the pietrain race housed in a fa ... | 2010 | 19800029 |
| transmission routes and risk factors for autochthonous hepatitis e virus infection in europe: a systematic review. | increasing numbers of non-travel-associated hepatitis e virus (hev) infections have been reported in europe in recent years. our objective was to review the evidence on risk factors and transmission routes of autochthonous hev infection and hepatitis e in europe in order to develop recommendations for future research, prevention and control. a systematic literature review was performed to identify all primary reports and studies published during 1998-2008 on hepatitis e in humans and animals in ... | 2010 | 19804658 |
| expression of interferon-alpha and mx protein in the livers of pigs experimentally infected with swine hepatitis e virus. | expression of interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) and mx protein in the livers of pigs experimentally infected with swine hepatitis e virus (hev) was examined immunohistochemically. five infected and five non-infected pigs were killed at 3, 7, 14, 21, 29 and 50 days post-inoculation (dpi). tissues were collected from each pig at necropsy. multifocal lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis (p=0.042) and focal hepatocellular necrosis (p=0.037) were significantly more frequent in the swine hev-infected pigs than in t ... | 2010 | 19954791 |
| rna interference inhibits hepatitis e virus mrna accumulation and protein synthesis in vitro. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a zoonotic pathogen to which several species, including human beings, pigs and rodents, are reported to be susceptible. to date, vaccines developed against hev still need to be improved and a structural gene (orf2), which encodes a capsid protein with high sequence conservation found across hev genotypes, is a potential candidate. to exploit the possibility of using rna interference (rnai) as a strategy against hev infection, four small interference rna (sirna) duplex ... | 2010 | 19963327 |
| henoch-schönlein purpura triggered by acute hepatitis e virus infection. | 2010 | 19201130 | |
| [biological risk prevention in agriculture and animal breeding: immunization strategies]. | vaccine preventable diseases are, so far, a main focus of public health programmes all over the world since people still die in consequence of dyphteria or tetanus. biological risk is widely represented in agriculture and animal breeding, due to environmental characteristics and to injury typology. moreover, aged people and migrants represent a significant part of the workforce. these two groups are, for instance, more exposed to clostridium tetani infection because not fully immunized. among in ... | 2010 | 21438285 |
| frequency of hev contamination in sewerage waters in pakistan. | enteric viruses, including hepatitis e virus (hev), are able to persist under environmental conditions and may cause public health problems by contaminating natural and drinking water resources. routine procedures for monitoring viruses in water samples have not been established for the water microbiology screening panel. | 2010 | 21252466 |
| [epidemiological study on risk factors of hepatitis e in yantai, shandong province.] | objective: to study the prevalent characteristics and risk factors of viral hepatitis e in yantai and the relative for strategy on viral hepatitis e control in the area. methods: data on viral hepatitis e incidence reported by the notifiable infectious disease reporting system in 2005 - 2009 was analyzed. 2028 persons were chosen for hepatitis e virus (hev) antibody detection by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method. rt-npcr method was applied to obtain the sequence of hev in hev cases. a cas ... | 2010 | 21223678 |
| evolutionary history and population dynamics of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an enterically transmitted hepatropic virus. it segregates as four genotypes. all genotypes infect humans while only genotypes 3 and 4 also infect several animal species. it has been suggested that hepatitis e is zoonotic, but no study has analyzed the evolutionary history of hev. we present here an analysis of the evolutionary history of hev. | 2010 | 21203540 |
| [status of enterovirus infection and molecular identification among healthy children at the areas bordering myanmar, in yunnan province, china.] | objective: to explore the enterovirus infection status among healthy children under 15 years old in the border areas of yunnan province that connecting myanmar. methods: a total of 319 stool samples were collected from healthy children in the 10 entrance ports. enterovirus was isolated from these stool samples and then poliovirus and adenovirus were serotyped by neutralization test using specific anti-sera. all the non-polio enteroviruses (npevs) were identified by partial sequencing of vp1 gene ... | 2010 | 21215081 |
| viral and antibody hev prevalence in swine at slaughterhouse in italy. | hepatitis e is an acute disease of humans caused by a small rna virus, hepatitis e virus (hev). in recent years, an increasing number of autochthonous human infections have been reported in industrialized countries. genotype 3 is the main hev type circulating in swine, and is also reported in sporadic cases of hepatitis e in humans worldwide. to date one serotype has been described. we have conducted a survey to detect antibodies against hev in 48 swine at a slaughterhouse in northern italy, usi ... | 2010 | 21216541 |
| viral hepatitis e outbreak in al-sadr city, baghdad, iraq. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute hepatitis in many developing countries. this study describes an outbreak of hev infection in al-sadr city, baghdad. blood samples obtained from patients with jaundice attending 19 primary health care centres in ai-sadr city during a 6-month period in 2005 were tested for hev. hev (igm) antibodies were detected in 38.1% of 268 patients. the association of hev infection with unacceptable residual chlorine concentrations and/or bacteriologically uns ... | 2010 | 21218735 |
| is there evidence of recent hepatitis e virus infection in english and north welsh blood donors? | the risk of hepatitis e virus (hev) to blood safety remains unknown in england. reports of persistent hev infection with serious disease sequelae indicate that transfusion transmitted hev is not a trivial disease in immunosuppressed patients. materials and | 2010 | 21392024 |
| intergenotypic chimeric hepatitis e viruses (hevs) with the genotype 4 human hev capsid gene in the backbone of genotype 3 swine hev are infectious in pigs. | genotypes 1 and 2 hepatitis e virus (hev) infect only humans whereas genotypes 3 and 4 hev infect both humans and pigs. to evaluate the mechanism of cross-species hev infection between humans and swine, in this study we constructed five intergenotypic chimeric viruses and tested for their infectivity in vitro and in pigs. we demonstrated that chimeric viruses containing the orf2 capsid gene either alone or in combination with its adjacent 5' junction region (jr) and 3' noncoding region (ncr) fro ... | 2010 | 21195119 |
| [study on the prevalence and genotype of hepatitis e virus among commercial swine population in eastern and southern china.] | objective: to determine the prevalence and genotype of hepatitis e virus (hev) among commercial swine population in eastern and southern china. methods: six hundred specimens of swine bile collected from 5 slaughterhouses in eastern and southern china from 2007 to 2009 were tested for hev rna using nested rt-pcr. pcr products were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. results: forty-seven out of the 600 samples (7.83%) were positive for hev rna. based on the 150 nt fragment within hev orf2, data ... | 2010 | 21162845 |
| [hepatitis e virus: a new entity]. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a rna enterically transmitted virus that causes large waterborne epidemics of acute hepatitis e in endemic regions (asia and africa). sporadic hepatitis e is an emerging disease in developed countries such as france. the majority of acute hepatitis e in france is indigenous (non travel-associated) and is due to infection with hev genotype 3. diagnosis is made on the presence of specific serum antibodies and on viral rna detection in serum or stools. characteristic path ... | 2010 | 21167429 |
| estimation of the likelihood of fecal-oral hev transmission among pigs. | sources for human hepatitis e virus (hev) infections of genotype 3 are largely unknown. pigs are potential animal reservoirs for hev. intervention at pig farms may be desired when pigs are confirmed as a source for human infections, requiring knowledge about transmission routes. these routes are currently understudied. the current study aims to quantify the likelihood of pig feces in causing new hev infections in pigs due to oral ingestion. we estimated the daily infection risk for pigs by model ... | 2010 | 21175717 |
| [phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis e virus strains isolated from both human and swine in anqing city]. | to determine the genotype and phylogenetic characteristics of hepatitis e virus (hev) strains isolated from the human and swine in anqing city. | 2010 | 21176518 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus among swine and humans in two different ethnic communities in indonesia. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in swine and humans in different environments in java and bali, indonesia. the prevalence of anti-hev antibodies in people over 20 years old living in communities in bali was significantly higher than that in java. while 68.8% and 90.0% of swine in bali were anti-hev positive at 1 and 2 months of age, respectively, swine in java were at significantly lower risk of hev infection by the age of 2 months ... | 2010 | 21191625 |
| high viral load and deregulation of the progesterone receptor signaling pathway: association with hepatitis e-related poor pregnancy outcome. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is associated with high maternal and fetal mortalities. a prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the role of viral and host factors in hev related pregnancy outcomes. | 2010 | 21145845 |
| analysis of epitopes in the capsid protein of avian hepatitis e virus by using monoclonal antibodies. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev) is related genetically and antigenically to human and swine hevs and capsid protein of avian hev shares approximately 48-49% amino acid sequence identities with those of human and swine hevs. six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced and used to locate different epitopes in the orf2 region of aa 339-570 of avian hev chinese isolate. the results showed that five epitopes were located in the aa 339-414 region and one in the aa 510-515 region. two epitopes located ... | 2010 | 21146559 |
| molecular characterization of enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus a16 using the 5' untranslated region and vp1 region. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) and coxsackievirus a16 (cva16) are members of the species human enterovirus a, and are both major and independent aetiological agents of hand-foot-and-mouth disease. the human enterovirus (hev) 5' untranslated region (utr) is fundamentally important for efficient virus replication and for virulence, whilst the vp1 region correlates well with antigenic typing by neutralization, and can be used for virus identification and evolutionary studies. a comparison was undertaken of ... | 2010 | 21148280 |
| studies of hepatitis e virus genotypes. | 2010 | 21149996 | |
| molecular analysis of swine hepatitis e virus from north india. | hepatitis e is the main cause of enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis in developing countries. in the developed countries such as the usa, japan and taiwan, the viruses infecting humans and swine share the same genotype with a high sequence similarity. genotype 1 circulates in humans whereas genotype 4 in pigs in india. the present study was designed to investigate the presence of anti-hev antibodies and hev-rna in swine population from north india, to investigate the genotype prevalen ... | 2010 | 21149998 |
| a single amino acid substitution changes antigenicity of orf2-encoded proteins of hepatitis e virus. | extensive genomic diversity has been observed among hepatitis e virus (hev) strains. however, the implication of the genetic heterogeneity on hev antigenic properties is uncertain. in this study, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against truncated orf2-encoded proteins (aa452-617, designated p166 proteins) derived from hev strains of burma (genotype 1a, p166bur), pakistan (1b, p166pak) and morocco (1c, p166mor) were raised and used for identification of hev antigenic diversity. six mabs reacted to th ... | 2010 | 21152284 |
| microarray blood testing: pros & cons. | blood donation screening represents rather a unique set of blood grouping-related and pathogen detection assays. we are confronted with continuously growing numbers of testing targets. ideally, the spectrum of clinically significant blood group antigens and alloantibodies would be wider than allowed by current routine tests. at the same time, we are witnessing an increase in emerging and re-emerging human pathogens due to urbanisation, increased international travel and trade, climate change and ... | 2010 | 20079661 |
| epidemiology and risk factors of incident hepatitis e virus infections in rural bangladesh. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the world. most of south asia is hev endemic, with frequent seasonal epidemics of hepatitis e and continuous sporadic cases. this author group's epidemiologic work and clinical reports suggest that bangladesh is hev endemic, but there have been few population-based studies of this country's hev burden. the authors calculated hev infection rates, over an 18-month interval between 2003 and 2005, by following a randomly se ... | 2010 | 20801864 |
| structure of hepatitis e virion-sized particle reveals an rna-dependent viral assembly pathway. | hepatitis e virus (hev) induces acute hepatitis in humans with a high fatality rate in pregnant women. there is a need for anti-hev research to understand the assembly process of hev native capsid. here, we produced a large virion-sized and a small t=1 capsid by expressing the hev capsid protein in insect cells with and without the n-terminal 111 residues, respectively, for comparative structural analysis. the virion-sized capsid demonstrates a t=3 icosahedral lattice and contains rna fragment i ... | 2010 | 20720013 |
| non-hepatic insults are common acute precipitants in patients with acute on chronic liver failure (aclf). | acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) is a newly coined term to describe simultaneous coexistence of two liver conditions, one of them being chronic or long-standing and the other acute or recent. there is limited data on the entity of aclf. this study was performed to review our experience in aclf patients from a tertiary care centre. | 2010 | 20721624 |
| [identification and genetic characteristics of five non-polio enteroviruses (npevs) multiplicated on l20b cell line]. | to identify and describe the genetic characteristics of non-polio enteroviruses (npevs) which could multiplicated on l20b cell line, and discuss the impact to isolation rate of polioviruses. | 2010 | 20726256 |
| efficacy and safety of a recombinant hepatitis e vaccine in healthy adults: a large-scale, randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. | seroprevalence data suggest that a third of the world's population has been infected with the hepatitis e virus. our aim was to assess efficacy and safety of a recombinant hepatitis e vaccine, hev 239 (hecolin; xiamen innovax biotech, xiamen, china) in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. | 2010 | 20728932 |
| hepatitis e vaccine: not a moment too soon. | 2010 | 20728933 | |
| [acute hepatitis, but not a, b, or c: consider e]. | to determine the percentage of hepatitis e virus (hev) infections in serum samples from patients with negative serology for hepatitis a, b and c and to find out what may be the harmful consequences of a missed diagnosis of acute hev infection. | 2010 | 20735873 |
| novel hepatitis e virus genotype in norway rats, germany. | human hepatitis e virus infections may be caused by zoonotic transmission of virus genotypes 3 and 4. to determine whether rodents are a reservoir, we analyzed the complete nucleotide sequence of a hepatitis e-like virus from 2 norway rats in germany. the sequence suggests a separate genotype for this hepatotropic virus. | 2010 | 20735931 |
| analysis of avian hepatitis e virus from chickens, china. | avian hepatitis e virus (hev) has been identified in chickens; however, only 4 complete or near-complete genomic sequences have been reported. we found that the near-complete genomic sequence of avian hev in chickens from china shared the highest identity (98.3%) with avian hev from europe and belonged to avian hev genotype 3. | 2010 | 20735936 |
| pathogenesis of hepatitis e virus and hepatitis c virus in chimpanzees: similarities and differences. | the chimpanzee is the only animal model for investigating the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis types a through e in humans. studies of the host response, including microarray analyses, have relied on the close relationship between these two primate species: chimpanzee samples are commonly tested with human-based reagents. in this study, the host responses to two dissimilar viruses, hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis c virus (hcv), were compared in multiple experimentally infected chimpanzees. ... | 2010 | 20739520 |
| induction of neutralizing antibodies to hendra and nipah glycoproteins using a venezuelan equine encephalitis virus in vivo expression system. | the emergence of hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) which can cause fatal infections in both animals and humans has triggered a search for an effective vaccine. here, we have explored the potential for generating an effective humoral immune response to these zoonotic pathogens using an alphavirus-based vaccine platform. groups of mice were immunized with venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (vrps) encoding the attachment or fusion glycoproteins of either hev or niv. we d ... | 2010 | 21050901 |
| [comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics of viral hepatitis a and e in montenegro]. | hepatitis e has many similarities in with hepatitis a concerning clinical picture, route of transmission and nonexistence of chronicity. comparison of clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with hepatitis a and e to estimate characteristics of these diseases. | 2010 | 21053456 |
| comparison of effects of hepatitis e or a viral superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis b. | to compare the demographics, liver function, and prognosis of chinese patients infected with chronic hepatitis b (chb) and superinfected with hepatitis e virus (hev) or hepatitis a virus (hav). | 2010 | 21063485 |
| a psap motif in the orf3 protein of hepatitis e virus is necessary for virion release from infected cells. | we have previously demonstrated that the release of hepatitis e virus (hev) from infected cells depended on orf3 protein, which harbours one or two psap motifs. to elucidate the psap motif(s) in the orf3 protein during virion egress, five psap mutants derived from an infectious genotype 3 cdna clone of pje03-1760f/wt that can grow efficiently in plc/prf/5 cells were analysed. four mutants, including mutlsap, mutpsal, mutlsal (the substituted amino acids in the authentic psap motif are underlined ... | 2010 | 21068219 |
| spatial configuration of hepatitis e virus antigenic domain. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a human pathogen that causes acute hepatitis. when an hev capsid protein containing a 52-amino-acid deletion at the c terminus and a 111-amino-acid deletion at the n terminus is expressed in insect cells, the recombinant hev capsid protein can self-assemble into a t=1 virus-like particle (vlp) that retains the antigenicity of the native hev virion. in this study, we used cryoelectron microscopy and image reconstruction to show that anti-hev monoclonal antibodies bind t ... | 2010 | 21068233 |
| a functional henipavirus envelope glycoprotein pseudotyped lentivirus assay system. | hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) are newly emerged zoonotic paramyxoviruses discovered during outbreaks in queensland, australia in 1994 and peninsular malaysia in 1998/9 respectively and classified within the new henipavirus genus. both viruses can infect a broad range of mammalian species causing severe and often-lethal disease in humans and animals, and repeated outbreaks continue to occur. extensive laboratory studies on the host cell infection stage of hev and niv and the roles of t ... | 2010 | 21073718 |
| first report of an autochthonous hepatitis e virus genotype 3 infection in a 5 month old female child in germany. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is well-known to cause endemic outbreaks of hepatitis in tropical countries, mostly caused by hev genotypes 1 or 2 and transmitted from humans to humans via the fecal-oral route. in contrast, hev genotypes 3 or 4 are commonly encountered as sporadic cases in a non-endemic setting; these autochthonous cases are transmitted from animals to humans and commonly affect elderly male subjects. we report a five-month-old caucasian girl presenting with diarrhea, emesis, and elevat ... | 2010 | 21084220 |
| unexpected elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase levels and hepatitis e virus infection among persons who work with pigs in accra, ghana. | several studies have suggested that elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (alt) and asparte aminotransferase (ast) may be markers of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection. thus, individuals with elevated alt and ast may have ongoing subclinical infection of hev. we estimated the prevalence of anti-hev antibodies and serum alt and ast levels among persons who work with pigs in accra, ghana. | 2010 | 21092196 |
| increasing contact with hepatitis e virus in red deer, spain. | to describe the epidemiology of hepatitis e virus (hev) in red deer in mainland spain, we tested red deer for hev rna and antibodies. overall, 10.4% and 13.6% of serum samples were positive by elisa and reverse transcription-pcr, respectively. the increasing prevalence suggests a potential risk for humans. | 2010 | 21122241 |
| hepatitis e virus replication involves alternating negative- and positive-sense rna synthesis. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the major cause of epidemic hepatitis and many outbreaks of sporadic hepatitis. the virus responsible has a single-stranded, positive-sense rna. its replication and the regulatory process involved therein are poorly understood. much of the hev biology studied has been done by using full-length capped rna transcripts (replicons) and transient transfections in cell cultures. we investigated replicon replication using negative-sense strand-specific molecular beacons in li ... | 2010 | 21123540 |
| hepatitis e virus in swine and effluent samples from slaughterhouses in brazil. | hepatitis e is an infectious disease which virus (hev) is highly disseminated in swine herd populations. sporadic acute human hepatitis e cases have been associated to genotype 3 and 4 strains of hev also reported in swine populations of endemic and non-endemic areas. with the aim to evaluate the incidence of animals with current infection of hev, 115 bile samples were collected from three slaughterhouses under inspection by animal sanitary protection agency of rio de janeiro, brazil. in paralle ... | 2010 | 21129863 |
| the first case of genotype 4 hepatitis e related to wild boar in south korea. | several cases of serologically diagnosed hepatitis e have been reported in south korea; however, there have been no documented cases of zoonotic transmission with virologic characterization of hepatitis e virus (hev). we report on a sporadic case of autochthonous acute hepatitis e after ingestion of raw bile juice obtained from a wild boar living on a domestic mountain in a southern part of korea. it is the first case of hepatitis e acquired through presumably zoonotic transmission, which was ve ... | 2010 | 21130029 |
| prevalence of nucleic acid sequences specific for human parvoviruses, hepatitis a and hepatitis e viruses in coagulation factor concentrates. | due to their high resistance to inactivation procedures, nonenveloped viruses such as parvovirus b19, human bocavirus (hbov), human parvovirus 4 (parv4), hepatitis a (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) pose a particular threat to blood products. virus transmission to patients treated with blood products presents an additional burden to disease. we determined the frequency and the amount of nucleic acid specific for nonenveloped viruses in recently manufactured preparations of commercial coagulatio ... | 2010 | 21133933 |
| acute hepatitis due to hepatitis e virus genotype 1 as an imported infectious disease in japan. | an 18-year-old nepalese man was admitted due to general malaise and anorexia a month after coming to japan. laboratory tests showed elevation of transaminase and positivity for igm anti-hev antibody. serum hev rna was detected by rt-pcr amplifications. an hev genome phylogenetic tree, constructed using an 821-nucleotide sequence in the open reading frame 1, indicated that the genotype was 1. hev genotype 1 is epidemic in south asia, africa and south america, and the incidence of acute hepatitis ... | 2010 | 21139302 |
| [acute hepatitis secondary to hepatitis e. report of two cases from a population of high socioeconomic level lima]. | we describe two cases with acute hepatitis of patients who live at lima, peru and have a high socio-economic status. the first case, is a 58 years old female with asthenia, jaundice, coluria and pruritus. the physical exam revealed jaundice and laboratory exams revealed transaminasemia (ast= 1754, alt= 2680) and hyperbilirubinemia (total bilirubin= 7.98, direct bilirubin=7.03). furthering serologic tests, revealed a positive test for anti-hepatitis e virus igm and igg. all the symptoms were remi ... | 2010 | 21263764 |
| risk factors and immune response to hepatitis e viral infection among acute hepatitis patients in assiut, egypt. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a common cause of acute viral hepatitis (avh) in egypt. we aimed to identify risk factors of hev among acute hepatitis cases, measure hev specific immune response to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. the study included symptomatic acute hepatitis (ah) patients (n = 235) and asymptomatic contacts (n = 200) to hev cases. they completed a lifestyle questionnaire, screened for common hepatotropic viruses. blood and serum samples were ... | 2010 | 22053611 |
| a population-based seroepidemiological study on hepatitis e virus in iran. | background little is known about hev seroprevalence and its determinants in iran. considering the fact that iran is among the countries in which hev infection is endemic, a large-scale population-based study in this regard is justified. methods this survey was conducted in 2006 in tehran and golestan provinces, iran. stored sera of subjects were tested for serological markers of anti-hev. the baseline data were recorded in structured questionnaires. weighted seroprevalence and weighted logistic ... | 2010 | 25197520 |
| incidence of hepatitis e virus infection in recipients of blood or blood products transfusion. | hepatitis e, generally known to be transmitted faeco-orally, has been shown to have significant transmission by blood borne route. paucity of data on asymptomatic viremia in blood donors and higher incidence of hepatitis e in haemodialysis patients and thalassemics mandate a prospective study of blood recipients to elucidate the exact incidence and natural history of post transfusion hepatitis e. | 2010 | 27408301 |
| a look at the past history of hepatitis e in haiti: should it be a warning sign during the current crisis? | nobody can forget the devastating 7.0magnitude earthquake that struck poverty-stricken haiti, port-au-prince recently on 12 january 2010. at least 75,000 people were killed and hundreds of thousands became homeless; authorities are worried about sanitation and outbreaks of disease in the region. the camps are full of people and there are not even the most basic facilities for any others. humanity obliges us to help them in any possible way. i reviewed the literature about the hepatitis e virus i ... | 2010 | 22308118 |
| severe acute pancreatitis with pseudocyst bleeding due to hepatitis e virus infection. | coincidence of acute pancreatitis caused by hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is rare. we report a case of severe acute pancreatitis in the course of acute hepatitis e in a 35-year-old man who presented with jaundice for 1 week. serum was positive for igm anti-hev and negative for hepatitis a, b and c viruses. there was upper abdominal tenderness and fullness with absent bowel sounds. a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was made and confirmed with elevated serum lipase 2,032 u/l and amylase 1,287 ... | 2009 | 26191807 |
| effect of acute hepatitis e infection in patients with liver cirrhosis. | hepatitis e virus is a major cause of enterically transmitted hepatitis. mortality is very high if it is associated with pregnancy, especially during third trimester. this study was carried out to find out the effects of acute hev hepatitis on chronic liver disease patients of different etiologies. | 2009 | 20795462 |
| evidence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in human and pigs in sardinia, italy. | the aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-hev antibodies in humans sera and to study hev prevalence in swine from different sardinian farms, testing viral hev-rna in bile samples. | 2009 | 20812518 |
| seroprevalence of subclinical hev infection in pregnant women from north india: a hospital based study. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major public health problem in the developing countries. hev infection in pregnant women is more common and fatal in the third trimester. the mortality rate due to hev-induced hepatitis is as high as 15-20 per cent. the present study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of subclinical hev infection in pregnant primigravidae women. | 2009 | 20090131 |
| childhood autoimmune hemolytic anemia following hepatitis e virus infection. | 2009 | 19208072 | |
| hepatitis e virus is a leading cause of acute-on-chronic liver disease: experience from a tertiary centre in bangladesh. | acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) is common in bangladesh. acute viral e hepatitis is sporadically encountered in this country each year, with a rising incidence in the rainy season. this study aimed to identify the etiology of aclf in bangladesh. | 2009 | 19208515 |
| acute hepatitis e virus infection in an hiv-infected person in the united states. | 2009 | 19189925 | |
| the course of hepatitis e virus infection in pigs after contact-infection and intravenous inoculation. | worldwide, hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 is observed in pigs and transmission to humans is implied. to be able to estimate public health risks from e.g. contact with pigs or consumption of pork products, the transmission routes and dynamics of infection should be identified. hence, the course of hev-infection in naturally infected pigs should be studied. | 2009 | 19193209 |
| prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in wild boars (sus scrofa leucomystax) and pigs in gunma prefecture, japan. | the prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in wild boars and pigs in gunma prefecture, japan, was serologically and genetically examined. the positive detection rates of anti-hev igg and hev rna in the wild boars were 4.5% (4/89) and 1.1% (1/89), whereas those in the pigs were 74.6% (126/169) and 1.8% (3/169), respectively. the positive rates of anti-hev igg and hev rna on the 17 pig farms in the present study ranged from 20% to 100%, respectively. one male wild boar approximately 5 yea ... | 2009 | 19194072 |
| [epidemiology and management of hepatitis e in japan]. | 2009 | 19194091 | |
| [hepatitis e vaccine]. | 2009 | 19194092 | |
| anti-hev antibodies in domestic animal species and rodents from spain using a genotype 3-based elisa. | a truncated orf2 capsid hev antigen derived from a genotype 3 strain was developed in insect cells and insect larvae, and compared with the sar55 antigen and a commercial elisa. the antigen expressed in insect cells showed a better correlation with sar55 (kappa value (k)=0.84) than the insect larvae antigen (k=0.69), and a better reproducibility as indicated by the intra and interplate variation coefficients. commercial elisa designed for human diagnosis but adapted to animal use using specific ... | 2009 | 19200664 |
| determination of the henipavirus phosphoprotein gene mrna editing frequencies and detection of the c, v and w proteins of nipah virus in virus-infected cells. | the henipaviruses, nipah virus (niv) and hendra virus (hev), are highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxoviruses. like many other paramyxoviruses, henipaviruses employ a process of co-transcriptional mrna editing during transcription of the phosphoprotein (p) gene to generate additional mrnas encoding the v and w proteins. the c protein is translated from the p mrna, but in an alternate reading frame. sequence analysis of multiple, cloned mrnas showed that the mrna editing frequencies of the p genes ... | 2009 | 19141449 |
| construction of an infectious cdna clone of hepatitis e virus strain je03-1760f that can propagate efficiently in cultured cells. | a full-length infectious cdna clone (pje03-1760f/wt) of a genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev) (strain je03-1760f) obtained from a faecal specimen was constructed in this study. upon transfection of the capped in vitro transcripts of pje03-1760f/wt into plc/prf/5 cells, the viral rna levels in the culture supernatant started to increase on day 6 post-transfection (p.t.) and reached 10(7) copies ml(-1) on day 28 p.t. detection of increasing numbers of cells with orf2 protein expression by immunoflu ... | 2009 | 19141456 |
| reduced prevalence of genotype 3 hev in shanghai pig farms and hypothetical homeostasis of porcine hev reservoir. | a total of 493 fecal samples collected from local shanghai pig farms were examined for hepatitis e virus (hev) after the introduction of stricter sanitary measures following outbreaks of a high fever-associated pig disease during 2006 and 2007. our investigation revealed that, while the overall occurrence of hev rna positives decreased by only 3.7%, the incidence of hev genotype 4 increased from 9.8% to 20.6% whereas the incidence of hev genotype 3 decreased from 16.2% to 1.6%. as well as demons ... | 2009 | 19150181 |
| outbreaks of hepatitis a among children in western india. | hepatitis a in most developing countries is a sporadic childhood disease, but lately focal outbreaks have been observed among children in india. during 2004, we investigated a large-scale outbreak of hepatitis among children living in a residential colony in daund taluka of district pune in the western region of india. in total, 123 overt and 56 sub-clinical cases were detected. all the patients were reactive for igm antibodies against hepatitis a virus (igm anti-hav) and were negative for igm a ... | 2009 | 19155033 |
| hepatitis e virus as an emerging cause of chronic liver disease in organ transplant recipients. | 2009 | 19157619 | |
| randomized-controlled phase ii clinical trial of a bacterially expressed recombinant hepatitis e vaccine. | the candidate recombinant hepatitis e vaccine, hev 239, protect monkeys against infection by hepatitis e virus (hev). the safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine for humans was assessed in a randomized controlled phase ii clinical trial. the study was conducted in an endemic area of southern china and consisted of a dose scheduling, involving 457 adults and a dose escalation component involving 155 high school students. the results showed that the vaccine is safe and immunogenic for humans and ... | 2009 | 19168109 |