Publications

mycetomas in mali: causative agents and geographic distribution.	although mali is situated in the african zone endemic for mycetomas, no report has been published on the characteristics of the disease in this country. we report a series of 54 cases observed in bamako. the causative agents were madurella mycetomatis in 20 patients, leptosphaeria sp. in one patients, actinomadura madurae in 12 patients, a. pelletieri in 15 patients, and streptomyces somaliensis in three patients. in this series, the observed geographic distribution of the causative agents was i ...	1996	8651376
mycetoma.	mycetoma is a chronic infectious disease, most commonly caused by madurella mycetomatis, that remains localized, involves cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and bone, and is noncontagious. the disease is characterized by tumefaction, draining sinuses, and the presence of sclerotia. the 31 fungi known to cause mycetoma are associated with soil and woody plants. a chronic, tumor-like deforming disease develops during subsequent years following the introduction of the etiologic agent via lo ...	1996	8821162
studies on siderophore production and effect of iron deprivation on the outer membrane proteins of madurella mycetomatis.	the purpose of this investigation was to determine whether madurella mycetomatis, the most frequent agent of eumycotic mycetomas, produces siderophores and synthesizes new outer membrane proteins under iron-starvation conditions. siderophore production, only of the hydroxamate type, was demonstrated in all nine strains tested. it was regulated by extracellular iron concentrations. under iron-restricted conditions, m. mycetomatis expressed various outer membrane iron-regulated proteins, particula ...	1995	7549767
the host tissue reaction to madurella mycetomatis: new classification.	in this prospective study, three types of tissue reaction to mycetoma grains are described. type i reaction is characterized by the adherence of neutrophils to the surface of the grain leading to its disintegration. in type ii reaction, the fragmented grain and the dead neutrophils are cleared by macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, while in type iii reaction there is a discrete well developed epithelioid granuloma with langhans's giant cells. the three types of reaction are usually seen ...	1995	7650573
[mycetoma of the neck and the nape of the neck due to madurella mycetomatis. apropos of a case in mauritania].	fungous mycetoma of the nape of the neck due to madurella mycetomatis is an unusual localisation (four cases in mondial literature) and severe affection. this reports deals with a case occurred after traumatism. despite five months of itraconazole and chirurgical treatment, the therapeutic escape was evident.	1995	8555761
treatment of tropical mycoses.	several subcutaneous and deep-seated mycoses are either observed more frequently in the tropical areas or are restricted to certain regions within the tropics. these mycoses include sporotichosis, chromoblastomycosis, entomophthoromycosis, eumycetoma, lobomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis. in sporotrichosis and paracoccidioidomycosis, therapy often results in either complete resolution or marked improvement. for decades sporotrichosis has been treated successfully with potassium iodide, but re ...	1994	8077517
mycetomas in northern yemen: identification of causative organisms and epidemiologic considerations.	fifteen cases of mycetomas from four locations in northern yemen were studied. on the basis of morphologic characteristics and staining properties of the granules in discharges from the draining sinus tracts (a narrow elongated cavity that extends from a focus of suppuration or other inflammatory softening to a free surface and through which pus discharges) in the affected appendages and in tissue sections, three causative organisms were identified: streptomyces somaliensis, actinomadura madurae ...	1993	8333574
treatment of eumycetoma with ketoconazole.	ten patients with eumycetoma were treated with oral ketoconazole in the dosage of 400mg/day for 8 to 24 months. in eight cases the foot was affected: four were due to madurella mycetomatis and one each due to m grisea, pyrenochaeta romeroi, acremonium kiliense and a falciorme. one mycetoma which affected the back and perineum was due to a kiliense, and one case presented with multiple sebaceous cysts and the scalp and m mycetomatis was isolated from the lesion. clinical and laboratory tests show ...	1993	8240184
microbiological study of mycetoma patients from bombay with special reference to actinomyces immunofluorescence.	17 of the 21 clinically diagnosed mycetoma and actinomycosis cases studied yielded positive cultures. foot, leg, inguinal region, chest wall, jaw and scalp were the affected sites. 15 of the patients were from bombay, 13 of them had infection due to nocardia species and 2 had actinomyces israelii infection. the other two patients from south india had madurella mycetomi infection. n.brasiliensis was commonest isolate (8). other isolates were n.asteroides (2), n.pelletieri (2), n.caviae (1) and a. ...	1993	8300170
mycetoma: a retrospective study of 41 cases seen in são paulo, brazil, from 1978 to 1989.	clinical and epidemiological aspects of 41 cases of mycetoma seen in são paulo city from january 1978 to december 1989 are presented. twenty-eight cases (68%) were caused by actinomycetes, while 13 (32%) were caused by true fungi. in only 22 (78%) actinomycetoma cases was it possible to identify the agent. nocardia brasiliensis, by far the commonest actinomycete isolated, was responsible for 13 cases. among eumycetomata, madurella grisea was isolated from 3 cases, scedosporium apiospermum from 2 ...	1993	8366881
antimycotic susceptibility testing of agents of black grain eumycetoma.	antimycotic susceptibility testing of 17 strains of eumycetes including madurella mycetomatis, madurella grisea, pyrenochaeta romeroi, exophiala jeanselmei and leptosphaeria tompkinsii, isolated from cases of black grain mycetoma, was carried out against ketoconazole, itraconazole, miconazole and econazole by broth microdilution and agar dilution methods. itraconazole and ketoconazole were more active inhibiting 50% of the strains (mic 50) at 0.5 and 1 microgram ml-1 and 90% (mic 90) at 2.5 and ...	1993	8389847
[mycetoma in mauritania: species found, epidemiologic characteristics and country distribution. report of 122 cases].	a two year investigation conducted at nouakchott's centre hospitalier national supplied 122 histologically confirmed cases of mycetoma. 75% of those were of mycotic origin, of which the most common species was madurella mycetomatis. the mean ages were 28 to 29 years at the beginning of the disease and 38 years at the time of examination. the duration of the evolution was between 6.3 and 8.4 years. madurella mycetomatis seem to appear at a lower age (mean age beginning at 21.2 years, consultation ...	1992	1327344
[black-grain eumycetoma due to madurella grisea. a report of 2 cases].	two cases of black grains eumycotic mycetoma, occurring on a foot, are reported. both proceeded from the state of bahia (brazil), and in both the etiologic agent was madurella grisea mackinnon et al., 1949. the grains structure as well as the micromorphologic characteristics of the fungus in saprophytic life were studied. it is the author's belief that these observations correspond to the 7th and 8th cases reported in the brazilian medical literature. the authors do consider the following madure ...	1992	1342127
[mycetoma with black granules: first case in a native of israel].	we present a case of black grain mycetoma caused by madurella mycetomatis. the diagnosis was made on the basis of conventional light microscopy and mycological studies. after 12 months of oral therapy with ketoconazole, the patient showed partial response. this is the first native israeli case of black grain mycetoma.	1992	1506204
viability of fungal cultures maintained at -70 degrees c.	one thousand four hundred forty-seven clinical and environmental isolates of molds, yeasts, aerobic actinomycetes, and algae belonging to 164 genera (382 taxa) maintained on potato dextrose agar at -70 degrees c for periods ranging from 6 months to 13 years were subcultured and then incubated at 25 degrees c to determine their viabilities. thirty-three isolates, alternaria alternata (n = 1), apophysomyces elegans (n = 1), bipolaris spicifera (n = 1), blastomyces dermatitidis (n = 4), cokeromyces ...	1992	1572955
black grain eumycetoma (madurella mycetomatis) in the abdominal cavity of a dog.	a uterine stump granuloma was surgically removed from a sterilized bitch. histopathology and fungal culture revealed madurella mycetomatis eumycetoma. infection may have occurred through a cesarean wound dehiscence. long-term fluconazole therapy was instituted but failed to arrest and eliminate the infection.	1991	1890565
an evaluation of straw-extract agar media for the growth and sporulation of madurella mycetomatis.	four new media, namely wheat straw extract agar, bajra straw extract agar, jowar straw extract agar and paddy straw extract agar, were evaluated for their potential to stimulate the growth and sporulation of madurella mycetomatis in comparison with the conventional sabouraud dextrose agar and soil extract agar. vegetative growth of m. mycetomatis on the four types of straw extract agars was superior to that obtained on sabouraud dextrose agar. isolates of m. mycetomatis sporulated better and fas ...	1991	1922269
studies on antigens from agents causing black grain eumycetoma.	culture filtrate and cellular antigens prepared from 14 agents which cause black grain eumycetoma were compared by double diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. the fungal agents studied included five isolates of madurella grisea, two of madurella mycetomatis and a single isolate each of pyrenochaeta mackinnonii, pyrenochaeta romeroi, chaetosphaeronema (pseudochaetosphaeronema) larense, plenodomus avramii, phoma/phyllosticta, aureobasidium (exophiala) mansonii and leptosphaeria senegalensis. cross ...	1989	2513382
mycetoma in the republic of niger: clinical features and epidemiology.	mycetoma is a common disease in the republic of niger. in two hospitals 133 cases were observed. the major site of lesions was the foot. actinomycetomata were seen more often than eumycetomata. streptomyces somaliensis is prevalent in the north desert zone while actinomadura pelletieri is common in the southern part of the country. madurella mycetomatis, the usual etiologic agent of eumycetoma, is seen in both regions. the species incidence and distribution in niger differs from those of the wes ...	1988	3354772
progressive destructive mycetoma caused by madurella mycetomi.		1988	2899292
humoral immune responses to mycetoma organisms: characterization of specific antibodies by the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting.	levels of antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in 13 patients with eumycetomas due to madurella mycetomatis infections. raised levels of specific igm were observed in 12 patients, compared with normal human controls. by contrast, low levels of specific igg were detected in some patients. specific responses to separated protein antigens were investigated by immunoblotting. of 10 patients' sera tested, igm in 2 recognized up to 7 of the blotted antigens between 4 ...	1988	2476875
mycetoma in saudi arabia.	the clinical and microbiological features of 31 cases of mycetoma seen in 8 years at a riyadh hospital are described. eighteen were due to streptomyces somaliensis, 10 to madurella mycetomatis and one each to actinomadura madurae, nocardia asteroides, and an unidentified species of cladosporium. no immune defects were detected in the patients. eleven had osteolytic lesions and 17 required surgery. only seven patients were cured. streptomyces infections were seen from all parts of saudi arabia ou ...	1987	3550122
leucocyte chemotaxis to mycetoma agents--the effect of the antifungal drugs griseofulvin and ketoconazole.	polymorphonuclear leucocytes are the predominant cell type in the inflammatory infiltrate around mycetoma grains. human leucocyte chemotaxis using cells from healthy subjects has been demonstrated using cytoplasmic antigens from 3 mycetoma agents: madurella mycetomatis and pseudallescheria boydii, both fungi, and streptomyces somaliensis, an actinomycete. there was a statistically insignificant increase in chemotaxis in the presence of ketoconazole, but griseofulvin was a potent inhibitor of leu ...	1987	3617197
[epidemiologic study of mycetomas in mexico. apropos of 502 cases].	the epidemiological data of 502 mycetomas studied in the department of mycology, "centro dermatológico pascua", mexico city, were analysed. mycetomas prevail in males (79.7%), they are more frequent between 16 and 45 years of age (75%) and among rural workers (62.5%); they preferentially affect lower limbs (62.5%); these data are generally similar to the known publications on the matter. actinomycetomas are the most frequent with 97.2% of the cases, distributed as follows: nocardia: 85.6% among ...	1987	3621395
ultrastructural and immunogenic changes in the formation of mycetoma grains.	the differences in the fine structure and antigenic determinants of mycetoma fungi in the mycelial phase in vitro and in grains in vivo facilitate an interpretation of grain formation. aggregates of hyphal elements with multiple and thickened walls was a feature of the fungi in vivo. associated with hyphal wall material, numerous polysaccharide microfibrils were detected in grains of madurella mycetomatis. these were not seen associated with hyphal elements in vitro and it is suggested that thes ...	1987	2437279
[mycotic mycetoma (eumycetoma) caused by madurella mycetomi].	mycotic mycetoma is a chronic, granulomatous and fistulous tropical disease caused by hyphomycetes of different families. a case caused by madurella mycetomi is presented and the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities discussed.	1985	4040129
[63 cases of mycetoma in the niger republic (etiological study based on histopathology)].	63 samples of mycetomas were examined between 1981 and 1984. most of them (53 cases) were actinomycotic mycetomas of which 20 were due to streptomyces somaliensis, 17 to actinomadura pelletieri, 11 to nocardia sp., 4 to actinomadura madurae. the 11 mycotic mycetomas were all due to madurella mycetomi (= m. mycetomatis).	1985	4085097
maduromycosis (madurella mycetomatis) in a horse.	a case of maduromycosis mycetoma caused by madurella mycetomatis is reported. the horse presented with multiple subcutaneous swelling over the right scapula. there were no discharging fistulae present. macroscopically the lesion contained a black granular material embedded in a granulomatous mass. microscopically large numbers of microcolonies were present containing segmented hyphae. no typical chlamydospores were observed. cultures yielded a fungus identified as madurella mycetomatis. treatmen ...	1984	6492057
an ultrastructural study of pale eumycetoma grains.	the electron microscopic appearances of grains from seven patients with pale grain eumycetoma infections have been studied. the infecting fungi were pseudallescheria boydii (2), fusarium sp. (1), acremonium kiliense (1), a non-sporing mould (2) and trichophyton violaceum (1). p. boydii grown in vitro and grains from a madurella mycetomatis infection were used for comparison. the most important ultrastructural features of the pale eumycetoma grains were the gross thickening of the fungal cell wal ...	1983	6686344
development of maduromycosis (madurella mycetomi) after nailing of a closed tibial fracture: a case report.	maduromycosis is a rare fungal infection in the northern united states, most frequently caused by allescheria boydii, usually in debilitated or immunosuppressed patients. an 18-year-old mexican-american, in excellent health, developed multiple draining sinuses at the sites of insertion of ender nails for a closed tibial fracture. madurella mycetomi was cultured from black granules in a biopsy specimen. the source of fungal infection remained unknown, although it probably did not occur during the ...	1981	7471560
[madurella mycetomi maduromycosis].		1981	7258991
[mycetoma: attempt at intra-arterial management].	a 28 year old african student had acquired a mycetoma of his left foot after an injury in 1975. as the surgical and antimycotic therapy had no effect, he was brought to düsseldorf for the amputation of his foot. madurella mycetomi was isolated from the skin, pus and bone. before the amputation was made a last attempt to treat him with the antimycotic agent miconasol nitrate, administered intraarterially through the arteria tibialis posterior, which had been shown i arteriography to perfuse the w ...	1981	7196393
[mycetomas originated from south-east bulgaria (author's transl)].	according to investigations by the author, bulgaria occupies a major position by the number of mycomas in european countries with temperate climate and small area. from 18 cases of mycomas, 10 cases, whom 7 were maduromycetomas or eumycetomas, originated from south-east bulgaria, near black sea and asia minor, with warm and dry climate. this confirms that the climate has a definite influence on the disease. 6 maduromycetomas with black granules were caused by madurella mycetomi and the only whit ...	1980	7194618
black grain mycetoma: the ultrastructure of madurella mycetomi.	madurella mycetomi, the fungus pathogen of black grain mycetoma, shows an elaborate development of mesosomes as its most striking ultrastructural feature. these occur in addition to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. condensations of hyphal cytoplasm and recurring intrahyphal growth of new hyphal cells are features of the pigment-producing and pathogenic phases of the organism. the abundant pigment which histochemically resembled melanin was not traceable to any ultrastructural granule, nor ...	1979	571961
mycetomas in north india.	of 60 clinically suspected cases of mycetoma, 20 were confirmed by cultural and histopathological methods. the feet were found to be affected in 70% of the cases. the age group most affected by the disease was 20-40 years. men were involved in 18 while females were affected in 2 cases only. actinomycetomas (70%) were found more often than eumycetomas (30%). nocardia species were identified in 35% of cases and madurella mycetomi in 25%. there were four cases (20%) where the etiological agents cou ...	1979	575236
[tropic-subtropic fungus infections in germany].	observations by the author and other workers on exotic mycoses in germany are used in order to establish several groups of patients. the following mycoses from tropical and subtropical areas and their causative agents are mentioned: tinea nigra (cladosporium werneckii), south american blastomycosis (paracoccidioides brasiliensis), coccidioidomycosis (coccidioides immitis), histoplasmosis (histoplasma capsulatum), mycetoma (madurella mycetomi), dermatophytosis/tinea capitis (trichophyton soudanen ...	1978	627480
preliminary investigation of the use of the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the serodiagnosis of mycetoma.	antibody levels in a small group of sudanese patients with clinically diagnosed mycetoma, and control groups were measured by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (cie) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). antigens were prepared from the following organisms: streptomyces somaliensis, actinomadura madurae, a. pelletieri, nocardia brasiliensis and madurella mycetomi. positive reactions were obtained in clinical cases against the homologous antigens in both cie and elisa; all heterologous ...	1978	360443
experimental infection of athymic nude new zealand mice, nu nu strain with mycetoma agents.	experiments with athymic nude mice "nu nu" strain showed grains of madurella mycetomi as early as 9 days, and they were well developed by 21 days, after inoculation. grains were similar to those of humans, in pigment production and tissue reaction.	1978	568319
mycetomas in madras.	in 90 of 150 cases clinically diagnosed as mycetoma in the department of pathology, madras medical college, from january 1964 to june 1975, histopathological study revealed granules. besides special staining procedures, cultural methods were undertaken in recent cases. the age and sex incidence, site of lesion and the species of fungi identified on the basis of histological morphology of the granules are analysed. the disease was predominatly seen in the age group 21-40. men were more frequently ...	1977	558655
mycetoma in somalia - results of a survey done from 1959 to 1964.	the pasteur institute studied 103 mycetoma patients in somalia between 1959 and 1964. grains were seen in 94 of them and this, added to cultural features, allowed the diagnosis of 60 pathogens as follows: 44 madurella mycetomi, 1 leptosphaeria senegalensis, 7 pyrenochaeta romeroi (or madurella grisea), 3 allescheria boydii, 1 fusarium sp., 3 neotestudina (zopfia) rosatii, and 1 unidentified; 34 were actinomycetes: 24 streptomyces somaliensis, 4 actinomadura madurae, 3 a. pelletieri and 3 nocardi ...	1977	23657
black grain mycetoma. atomic absorption and spark source mass spectrophotometry of the tissue grain in madurella mycetomi infection.	the tissue grain of madurella mycetomi infection shows a spread of mineral constituents which is somewhat higher than the known values for the dermis, but differs little in relative concentrations. the unique physical resistance of the grain cannot be related to departures in concentration of calcium or of trace elements. our earlier hypothesis of a tanned protein structure for the grain therefore still holds (findlay & vismer, 1974).	1977	588463
medical management of mycetoma.	a number of drugs and drug combinations were tested both in vitro and in vivo against pathogens causing actinomycetoma and maduromycetoma. of 144 patients with actinomycetoma treated, 63.2% were cured, 21.5% showed great improvement in their condition, and 11.1% showed some improvement. treatment was successful even when there was advanced bone involvement. the most effective treatments involved dapsone plus streptomycin sulfate or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim plus streptomycin. sulfadoxine-pyr ...	1976	1088110
histological and histochemical study of grain of madurella mycetomi.		1975	127013
black grain mycetoma. a study of the chemistry, formation and significance of the tissue grain in madurella mycetomi infection.		1974	4139964
attempts to induce mycetoma in monkeys and mice using madurella mycetomi.		1974	4211819
madurella mycetomi as a cause of maduromycosis in egypt. clinical and mycopathological studies of two cases.		1974	4474964
invasion of paranasal sinuses by madurella mycetomi in a congolese child.		1971	5105901
[candida guilliermondii as an accompanying germ of madurella mycetomi. settling of yeast colonies in the depressions of the uneven black mycetoma plaques].		1970	5464088
[mycetoma caused by madurella mycetomi localized in the big toe].		1969	5393685
[3 further rumanian cases of madura foot. incriminated agents: nocardia asteroides, cephalosporium falciforme and madurella mycetomi].		1968	5690853
isolation of madurella mycetomi from soil in india.		1968	5690929
[experimental granules of maduromycosis and actinomycosis from cephalosporium falciforme, monosporium apiospermum, madurella mycetomi, and nocardia asteroides].		1967	6069556
mycetoma pedis due to madurella mycetomi.		1965	14329502
[madura foot due to maduromyces (madurella mycetomi) (non-suppurative form)].		1965	14335376
[coexistence of "madurella mycetomi" and "madurella grisea" in the same case of black-grain maduromycosis].		1962	14479920
skin sensitivity to madurella mycetomi in guineapigs.		1961	13727018
experimental infection of mice with madurella mycetomi.		1960	14425433
[the phialides and phialospores produced by madurella mycetomi].		1958	13561648
report of a case of black grain maduromycosis of the foot caused by an aberrant strain of madurella mycetomi (laveran) brumpt on curacao, netherlands antilles.		1957	13504111
[observations on two cases of maduromycosis of foot and hand respectively, caused by madurella mycetomi].		1956	13359323
[mycetoma of the foot caused by madurella mycetomi in venezuela].		1956	13462037