Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| critical tests of thiabendazole, oxibendazole, and oxfendazole for drug resistance of population-b equine small strongyles (1989 and 1990). | critical tests were conducted in horses (n = 11) with naturally acquired infections of benzimidazole (bz)-resistant population-b small strongyles in 1989 and 1990. anthelmintics administered were thiabendazole (44 mg/kg of body weight, n = 4), oxibendazole (10 mg/kg, n = 3), and oxfendazole (ofz, 10 mg/kg; n = 4). all compounds were paste formulations administered orally except for 1 of the ofz treatments, which was a suspension formulation given by stomach tube. aggregate mean efficacy was calc ... | 1993 | 8323061 |
| the reappearance of eggs in faeces of horses after treatment with ivermectin. | the reappearance of nematode eggs in faeces after ivermectin treatment was studied in 104 horses on 10 farms during the stabling period. faecal samples were taken at weekly intervals. sampling was discontinued when the mean egg output per farm was > 10% of the pre-treatment egg output. this point was reached after 63 days, when the mean output of eggs had decreased to 70.3%. before treatment, 95.9% of the cultured larvae were of the cyathostome type, the others belonged to gyalocephalus capitatu ... | 1993 | 8498011 |
| [parasitic helminths of the cecum and colon of equidae in italy]. | intestinal helminths from coecum and colon were studied in 93 equidae including 40 horses, 36 donkeys and 17 mules. a total of 38 species, 36 nematodes and 2 cestodes, were identified as follows: 1) triodontophorus serratus, 2) triodontophorus brevicauda, 3) strongylus equinus, 4) strongylus edentatus, 5) strongylus vulgaris, 6) cyathostomum tetracanthum, 7) cyathostomum coronatum, 8) cyathostomum labiatum, 9) cyathostomum labratum, 10) cyathostomum alveatum, 11) cyathostomum pateratum, 12) cyat ... | 1992 | 1339978 |
| role of the eosinophil in serum-mediated adherence of equine leukocytes to infective larvae of strongylus vulgaris. | the adherence of equine leukocytes to strongylus vulgaris infective larvae (l3) in the presence of normal and immune sera was examined in vitro. immune sera promoted adherence of buffy coat cells from ponies with s. vulgaris-induced eosinophilia (eosinophilic ponies) to s. vulgaris l3. however, eosinophils in the buffy coat cells were the predominant adherent cell type. studies using leukocyte populations enriched for eosinophils, neutrophils, and mononuclear cells from eosinophilic ponies suppo ... | 1992 | 1597792 |
| immune responses of pony foals during repeated infections of strongylus vulgaris and regular ivermectin treatments. | ten helminth-free pony foals divided into three groups were used in this study. eight foals were each experimentally infected per os with 50 strongylus vulgaris infective larvae weekly for 4 weeks, at which time one foal died of acute verminous arteritis. the remaining seven foals subsequently received 50 s. vulgaris infective larvae every 2 weeks for an additional 20 weeks. four of the infected foals remained untreated (group 1) and three of the infected foals were given ivermectin at 8, 16 and ... | 1992 | 1615633 |
| critical and controlled tests of activity of moxidectin (cl 301,423) against natural infections of internal parasites of equids. | the activity of moxidectin was evaluated in 1988 and 1989 against natural infections of internal parasites in 20 critical tests (n = 20 equids) and three controlled tests (n = 20 equids). two formulations, injectable administered intramuscularly (i.m.) or intraorally (i.o.) and gel i.o., were given at dose rates of 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 mg kg-1 body weight. for the critical tests (all three dose rates evaluated), removals of second instar gasterophilus intestinalis were 93-100%, except (89%) for the i ... | 1992 | 1502789 |
| precipitin response of the mitogen produced by strongylus vulgaris arterial larvae. | the precipitin response of the mitogen produced by strongylus vulgaris arterial larvae was investigated. igg (t) from the sera of horses naturally infected with s. vulgaris adults and arterial larvae recognised the presence of two antigenic components of the mitogenic fractions. the results obtained seem to confirm that these antigens are immunogenic in stimulating the production of increased levels of igg(t) in infected animals, and showed that the procedures could be used as immunological tool ... | 1992 | 1413456 |
| effect of early season ivermectin and pyrantel treatments on strongylid infections in young shetland ponies in the netherlands. | two groups of three ponies were used to study the effect of three ivermectin or pyrantel treatments given at intervals of 5 weeks at the beginning of the grazing season. although each pyrantel treatment resulted in a greater than 95% reduction in faecal egg counts during the first 3 weeks, high pasture larval counts were seen from the beginning of august onwards and substantial cyathostomine burdens were found at necropsy in december. the ivermectin treatments resulted in an even more pronounced ... | 1991 | 2024428 |
| histology and morphometry of strongylus vulgaris-mediated equine mesenteric arteritis. | histological and morphometric evaluation of equine cranial mesenteric arteries was performed on 239 and 89 arteries, respectively. histological examination revealed that thrombosis and the severity of inflammation varied on a seasonal basis and were directly associated with larval presence. intimal and adventitial fibrosis were generally of greater severity than medial fibrosis. fibrosis of the vasa vasorum was less frequent than fibrosis of the artery itself. morphometry revealed a significant ... | 1991 | 2019679 |
| equine neural angiostrongylosis. | verminous encephalomyelitis due to angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae was diagnosed in 2 foals at necropsy. the principal clinical feature was tetraparesis, although history and neurological examination revealed progressive and multifocal neurological disease. at presentation, a tentative diagnosis of parasitic larval migration involving the central nervous system (cns), presumably due to strongylus vulgaris, was proposed. dissection of the spinal cord in one case resulted in recovery of intact ... | 1991 | 2025204 |
| controlled test evaluation of the benzimidazole anthelmintic vet 220-s alone or with concomitant trichlorfon treatment against naturally acquired gastrointestinal parasites in ponies. | a controlled test was done in 30 naturally infected ponies to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of the dienbendazole analog vet 220-s given alone or with trichlorfon (tcf) by nasogastric intubation. six ponies were nontreated; 6 were given vet 220-s (5.0 mg/kg); 6 were given tcf (40 mg/kg); 6 were given vet 220-s (2.5 mg/kg) and tcf (40 mg/kg); and 6 were given vet 220-s (5.0 mg/kg) and tcf (40 mg/kg). all ponies were euthanatized and necropsied 7 or 8 days after treatment. draschia megastoma, ... | 1991 | 2053725 |
| effects of repeated strongylus vulgaris inoculations and concurrent ivermectin treatments on mesenteric arterial lesions in pony foals. | eight of 10 pony foals reared under helminth-free conditions were inoculated po with 50 strongylus vulgaris infective larvae/week for 4 weeks, at which time 1 foal died of acute verminous arteritis. inoculation of 7 remaining foals continued at 2-week intervals for 20 weeks. of the 7 foals, 3 were treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg of body weight) in an oral paste formulation at experiment weeks 8, 16, 24; 4 foals were not treated. two foals were not inoculated or treated and served as controls. ... | 1990 | 2327628 |
| sequential mesenteric arteriography in pony foals during repeated inoculations of strongylus vulgaris and treatments with ivermectin. | semiselective mesenteric arteriography was performed at regular intervals (inoculation weeks [iw] 0, 11, 18, and 24) in 9 of 10 pony foals raised to be free of parasites. fifty infective larvae (l3) of strongylus vulgaris were administered weekly for 4 weeks, then every 2 weeks through the 20th week. three ponies were given ivermectin (oral paste, 0.2 mg/kg of body weight) treatment at iw 8, 16 and 24. four ponies were inoculated, but did not receive ivermectin, and a third group of 2 ponies act ... | 1990 | 2327629 |
| prevalence and abundance of equine strongyles (nematoda: strongyloidea) in tropical australia. | a postmortem survey of 57 horses in tropical northern queensland revealed 41 (89%) infected with intestinal strongyles. thirty-five strongyle species (8 large strongyles and 27 small strongyles [cyathostominae]) were recorded of which 9 species are reported from australia for the first time. the 14 most prevalent small strongyles were cyathostomum catinatum (in 76% of horses), cyathostomum coronatum (65%), cyathostomum pateratum (33%), cyathostomum labiatum (30%), cylicostephanus calicatus (70%) ... | 1990 | 2380857 |
| the ultrastructure of strongylus vulgaris-mediated equine chronic mesenteric arteritis. | cells found in the intima and media of the cranial mesenteric artery of a mature mare with chronic arteritis were identified as smooth muscle cells and occurred in association with collagen and elastin fibres. as no fibroblasts were demonstrable within these regions, the smooth muscle cells were the likely source of the extracellular matrix. in contrast, the abnormal adventitis from the same artery contained abundant fibroblasts which are considered to be the source of the adventitial collagen. | 1990 | 2316190 |
| preliminary investigations on the effects of a strongylus vulgaris larval extract, mononuclear factors and platelet factors on equine smooth muscle cells in vitro. | factors involved in the proliferation of equine vascular smooth muscle cells were studied in vitro. the most prominent proliferative responses in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells were induced by strongylus vulgaris larval antigen extract (lae) and platelet-derived factors. less significant proliferative responses were obtained with conditioned media from s. vulgaris lae stimulated and from unstimulated equine mononuclear leukocytes. additionally, vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to s. v ... | 1989 | 2631384 |
| immunologic and hematologic responses in ponies with experimentally induced strongylus vulgaris infection. | immunologic and hematologic responses were examined in 4 ponies with experimentally induced strongylus vulgaris infection and in 5 helminth-free ponies. two ponies were inoculated with 200 larvae and 2 were inoculated with 700 larvae of s vulgaris and then were reinoculated with the same numbers of larvae 34 weeks later. initial response of the ponies inoculated with s vulgaris was s vulgaris antigen-induced lymphocyte response that developed 1.5 to 3 weeks after inoculation and did not persist. ... | 1989 | 2782721 |
| internal parasites of horses on mixed grassveld and bushveld in transvaal, republic of south africa. | between 1980 and 1982, the gastrointestinal tracts of 17 horses which had been grazing on mixed grassveld at potchefstroom and bushveld at onderstepoort in the province of transvaal, republic of south africa, were examined at necropsy and processed for parasite recovery. the large strongyles and their prevalences were as follows: strongylus vulgaris and associated lesions (88-94%), strongylus edentatus (24%), strongylus equinus (30%), triodontophorus nipponicus (35%) and craterostomum acuticauda ... | 1989 | 2588465 |
| strongylus vulgaris in donkeys (equus asinus) from the highveld of zimbabwe. | strongylus vulgaris populations in the cranial mesenteric arteries, caecum and colon were studied in 14 donkeys obtained from a communal area of the zimbabwean highveld during july and november, 1986, and january and april 1987. adult parasites were present in all animals and larvae in the cranial mesenteric arteries of 12 animals. aged animals had high worm burdens. the number of adult parasites varied from 63 to 1255 (mean 382) and of larvae in the arteries from 0 to 181 (mean 69). the mean ad ... | 1989 | 2773269 |
| critical and controlled tests of activity of a macrocyclic lactone (compound f28249-alpha) against natural infections in internal parasites of equids. | thirteen critical tests (n = 11 horses and 2 ponies) and 4 controlled tests (n = 4 donkeys and 6 horses) were performed to evaluate the activity of the experimental macrocyclic lactone compound f28249-alpha against internal parasites of equids. in the critical tests, activity was determined mainly against the large parasites, but 1 critical test also included benzimidazole-resistant small strongyles. in the controlled tests, evaluation of drug activity included large parasites and stomach worms ... | 1989 | 2527481 |
| glycera dibranchiata hemoglobin. structure and refinement at 1.5 a resolution. | the coelomic cells of the common marine bloodworm glycera dibranchiata contain several hemoglobin monomers and polydisperse polymers. we present the refined structure of one of the glycera monomers at 1.5 a resolution. the molecular model for protein and ordered solvent for the deoxy form of the glycera monomer has been refined to a crystallographic r-factor of 12.7% against an x-ray diffraction dataset at 1.5 a resolution. the positions of 1095 protein atoms have been determined with a maximum ... | 1989 | 2585515 |
| controlled test and clinical evaluation of dienbendazole against naturally acquired gastrointestinal parasites in ponies. | a controlled test was performed to titrate the anthelmintic dosage of dienbendazole in 24 mixed-breed ponies naturally infected with strongylus vulgaris, s edentatus, and small strongyle species, as determined by parasitic egg and larval counts in feces. comparison of results of treatment was made among 3 dienbendazole dosages--2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg of body weight--and a gum (excipient) mixture given by nasogastric intubation. all ponies were euthanatized and necropsied at 7 or 8 days after treat ... | 1989 | 2619127 |
| plasma thromboxane b2 levels in horses experimentally infected with strongylus vulgaris. | plasma thromboxane b2 (txb2) the stable inactive metabolite of thromboxane a2 (txa2), was measured daily by specific radioimmunoassay in three groups of animals before and after experimental infection with strongylus vulgaris. infection of four 'parasite naive' foals produced a typical acute syndrome with intermittent but statistically insignificant rises in txb2 levels. interpretation of results was complicated by the presence of a non-septic peritonitis associated with implantation of the foal ... | 1989 | 9118097 |
| protection of yearling ponies against strongylus vulgaris by foalhood vaccination. | the long-term efficacy of an irradiation attenuated larval (l3) vaccine against strongylus vulgaris was tested in ponies which were reared on pasture. prior to foaling, mares were divided into two groups. one group of mares and foals received regular (eight weekly) treatment with ivermectin and the second group remained untreated. half the foals in each pasture group were vaccinated at eight to ten weeks of age. foals were weaned at three to four months of age and maintained on separate pastures ... | 1989 | 9118099 |
| the effect of strongylus vulgaris larvae on equine intestinal myoelectrical activity. | the myoelectrical activity of the ileum, caecum and large colon was monitored from ag-agcl bipolar recording electrodes in four conscious 'parasite-naive' weanling foals. all foals were inoculated with 1000 infective 3rd-stage strongylus vulgaris larvae and alterations to the myoelectrical activity observed. the frequencies of caecal and colonic spike bursts increased significantly in all post infection periods coinciding with assumed larval penetration into the intestinal mucosa and migration t ... | 1989 | 9118113 |
| hematochezia attributable to cranial mesenteric arterial aneurysm with connecting tracts to cecum and ileum in a horse. | a cranial mesenteric arterial aneurysm with fistulous tracts to the cecum and ileum was discovered in a missouri fox trotter stallion. the principal clinical sign was hematochezia, observed at 7- and 10-day intervals. the lesion may have been attributable to arteritis caused by fourth-stage larvae of strongylus vulgaris. | 1988 | 3204052 |
| in vivo activation of equine eosinophils and neutrophils by experimental strongylus vulgaris infections. | eosinophils and neutrophils from ponies with strongylus vulgaris-induced eosinophilia (eosinophilic ponies; activated eosinophils and neutrophils) were assayed in vitro for chemotactic and chemokinetic responses to zymosan-activated serum (zas) using the filter system in boyden chambers, for fc and complement (c) receptors using the ea and eac-rosette assays, respectively, and for phagocytic and bactericidal activities using opsonized escherichia coli and the acridine orange method. the response ... | 1988 | 3238919 |
| oxfendazole: activity of a two-dose treatment regimen on natural infections of internal parasites of equids, with emphasis on migrating large strongyles in controlled tests in 1986 and 1987. | oxfendazole paste formulation was administered intraorally at a dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight, twice (48 hours between treatments) in 5 controlled tests (experiments a, b, c, d, and e) to 18 equids (14 horses and 4 ponies) that were 5 to 24 months old in 1986 and 1987. activity was evaluated against naturally acquired infections of various internal parasites, with emphasis on migratory stages of strongylus vulgaris and s edentatus. the number of treated and nontreated equids in each experime ... | 1988 | 3247916 |
| intramural hematoma in the jejunum of a mare. | an intramural hematoma involving a 40-cm segment of the distal portion of the jejunum caused intestinal obstruction and colic in a mature mare. the involved intestine was resected, and an end-to-end anastomosis was performed. the mare recovered completely, but 4 years later had colic caused by incarceration and volvulus of the distal portion of the jejunum, involving fibrous abdominal adhesions. the cause of hematoma was not identified; however, rupture of an intramural vessel after migration of ... | 1988 | 3356579 |
| common internal parasites found in the stomach, large intestine, and cranial mesenteric artery of thoroughbreds in kentucky at necropsy (1985 to 1986). | a total of 278 thoroughbreds (less than 1 to 31 years old) were examined at necropsy (july 9, 1985, to feb 2, 1986) in kentucky for various internal parasites. examination was not made of all the horses for each of the parasites. specific parasites recovered from the stomach of foals (n = 30) and yearlings and older horses (n = 96) and percentage (in parentheses) of each age category infected, respectively, were as follows: gasterophilus intestinalis 2nd instar (53% and 32%) and 3rd instar (37% ... | 1987 | 2950814 |
| observations on the epidemiology and control of strongylus vulgaris infections. | the epidemiology and control of helminth infections in the horse were studied in four small grazing experiments between 1981 and 1984 at the university of utrecht. at autopsy in november or december negligible strongylus vulgaris burdens were found in the cranial mesenteric artery of four groups of ponies, which had been treated with an anthelmintic in july and subsequently transferred to a clean pasture. considerable arterial s. vulgaris burdens were seen in three groups of ponies which were tr ... | 1987 | 3564344 |
| characterisation of surface antigens of strongylus vulgaris of potential immunodiagnostic importance. | when antigens prepared by detergent washes of strongylus vulgaris and parascaris equorum were probed in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test with horse sera from single species infections of s. vulgaris and p. equorum, a high degree of cross-reaction between the species was demonstrated. western blot analysis of four common horse nematode species showed a large number of common antigens when probed with horse infection sera. antisera raised in rabbits against the four species, including s. ... | 1987 | 2444881 |
| prevalence of internal parasites in horses in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year period (1956-1983) in kentucky. | the prevalence and number of naturally acquired gastrointestinal parasites were compiled for horses used in critical tests of activity of parasiticides over a 28-year period (1956-1983). data are presented as follows: n = number of horses examined; % = mean prevalence; number in parentheses after % = aggregate mean number of parasites in infected horses. parasites found were: bots (n = 513) - gasterophilus intestinalis, 2nd instar, 61%(58); 3rd instar, 94%(168); g. nasalis, 2nd instar, 36%(28); ... | 1987 | 3564356 |
| specific serum protein changes associated with primary and secondary strongylus vulgaris infections in pony yearlings. | the concentrations of haptoglobin, immunoglobin (ig)g(t) and igg were measured in the serum of four previously parasite-free pony yearlings following a single dose of 700 (group h) or 200 (group l) stage three strongylus vulgaris larvae (l3) and following a reinfection with the same doses 34 weeks later. the results are compared with an uninfected control pony. the haptoglobin concentration increased during weeks 1 to 6 and 14 to 17 after infection in the serum of the ponies receiving 200 l3, bu ... | 1987 | 3569195 |
| strongylus vulgaris in the tunica media of arteries of ponies and treatment with ivermectin. | a preliminary investigation was made into the effect of fourth-stage strongylus vulgaris larvae sequestered in the tunica media of ileocolic arteries of pony foals treated with ivermectin. the foals had been reared parasite-free, inoculated with infective larvae and given orally a placebo or ivermectin paste. two foals received subsequently one or two further inoculations with larvae and treatment with ivermectin. arteriography was used to identify the lesions in the ileocolic artery following i ... | 1987 | 3607653 |
| gastro-intestinal helminths of donkeys in burkina faso. | thirty adult donkeys from burkina faso were necropsied and their gastro-intestinal worm burdens counted and determined. the strongylids were the most abundant species with a prevalence of 100% for strongylus vulgaris. four species of strongylus, two of triodontophorus and six of the cyathostominae were recovered. all of the animals were also infested with habronematid nematodes, but oxyurid and ascaridid nematodes were found in low numbers. in addition to the nematodes, the paramphistomid tremat ... | 1986 | 3799012 |
| epidemiology and control of equine strongylosis at newmarket. | seasonal rises in mean faecal egg output were observed in grazing ponies in spring (578 eggs per gram) and in summer (930 epg) on 30 april and 2 september, respectively, in untreated ponies. pasture infectivity reached a peak of 18,486 third stage larvae (l3)/kg on 17 september, two weeks after peak egg counts, coincidental with abundant september rainfall (103.0 mm). differentiation of infective larvae from pasture showed the cyathostomes (small strongyles) to be predominant, but trichostrongyl ... | 1986 | 3803357 |
| serum protein changes in ponies on different parasite control programmes. | serum protein responses were examined in 52 ponies divided into five groups and subjected to various control strategies that resulted in pasture infectivity ranging from 706 to 18,486 infective third stage, cyathostome and trichostrongylus axei larvae per kilogram of herbage (l3/kg) by 17 september 1984. major protein changes occurred only in young ponies (groups 4 and 5) and were observed before exposure to maximum numbers of pasture larvae (group 4; 10,210 l3/kg, group 5: 10,042 l3/kg) on 17 s ... | 1986 | 3803358 |
| control of strongylosis in horses by alternate grazing of horses and sheep and some other aspects of the epidemiology of strongylidae infections. | alternate grazing of horses and sheep as a control measure for gastrointestinal helminthiasis was studied in three grazing experiments in 1981, 1982 and 1983. each year a group of three mare yearling shetland ponies, which were kept on a small pasture from spring to autumn, were compared with a similar group which grazed a similar or the same pasture until july and were subsequently removed to a similar pasture which had been grazed by sheep from april to july. in addition both groups were treat ... | 1986 | 3962151 |
| evaluation of the myoelectrical activity of the equine ileum infected with strongylus vulgaris larvae. | five weanling ponies were subjected to an intensive 6-week deworming program after which 4 ag-agcl bipolar electrodes were implanted surgically on the distal ileum. for 3 hours each day for 5 consecutive days, ileal myoelectrical activity was recorded from fed ponies under 3 sequential conditions: preinoculation, after oral administration of 1,000 killed strongylus vulgaris infective larvae (3 ponies), and after oral administration of 1,000 live s vulgaris infective larvae. recordings were analy ... | 1986 | 3946905 |
| fenbendazole in equids: further controlled tests with emphasis on activity of multiple doses against naturally occurring infections of migratory large strongyles. | two controlled tests (experiments d and e) were done to evaluate a fenbendazole (fbz) paste dosage regimen (10 mg/kg once a day for 5 days) for activity against naturally occurring infections of migrating strongylus vulgaris and s edentatus in the mesenteric arteries and ventral abdominal wall, respectively. data were also obtained on other internal parasites of the gastrointestinal tract and eyes in experiment e. eight pony yearlings were used in experiment d (4 treated and 4 nontreated) and 6 ... | 1986 | 3954211 |
| effectiveness of oxfendazole against early and later 4th-stage strongylus vulgaris in ponies. | twenty pony foals (reared worm free), 6.5 to 10 weeks of age, were inoculated with strongylus vulgaris and allocated to 5 groups, each with 4 foals. one week after inoculation, 1 group of 4 foals was given oxfendazole (ofz) at a dosage rate of 10 mg/kg of body weight, another group was given 2 such treatments 48 hours apart, and a 3rd group was given a placebo. all treatments were administered by stomach tube. three weeks later, foals were euthanatized and necropsied in a test for efficacy again ... | 1986 | 3516023 |
| critical test and safety evaluations of an oral paste preparation of mebendazole and trichlorfon in horses. | critical tests were done on 24 naturally parasitized horses to compare the antiparasitic activity of an oral paste preparation of mebendazole and trichlorfon with that of the marketed powder formulation. each formulation was administered at the recommended dosages of 8.8 mg of mebendazole and 40 mg of trichlorfon/kg of body weight. efficacy of the paste formulation ranged from 97.7% to 100% against 2nd- and 3rd-stage gasterophilus spp, adult strongylus vulgaris, s edentatus, parascaris equorum, ... | 1986 | 3524328 |
| large strongyles. recent advances. | this review cites recent advances in the knowledge pertaining to infections of large strongyles in equids. emphasis is placed on strongylus vulgaris and attention is focused on pathogenesis of clinical manifestations of infections and treatment and control, including chemotherapy of migrating larvae and drug resistance. | 1986 | 3527373 |
| integrated control of strongylus vulgaris infection in horses using ivermectin. | an attempt was made to control or eliminate strongylus vulgaris from a closed group of three horses at pasture near perth, western australia, by dosing with ivermectin on four occasions during the time of year when it was believed that environmental conditions would eliminate all the non-parasitic stages of that species. at necropsy, five months after the last dose of anthelmintic and after continually grazing the same pastures, no s vulgaris or arterial lesions were found in those horses and s ... | 1985 | 3841054 |
| prevalence and epidemiology of the major gastrointestinal parasites of horses in perth, western australia. | a survey was conducted on the prevalence of the major gastrointestinal parasites in 140 horses necropsied in perth, western australia, during 1979 to 1982. adult strongylus vulgaris were found in 22.5 per cent of horses and verminous arteritis in 62.9 per cent. the peak worm prevalence was in november to january (summer). s edentatus had a similar prevalence and seasonality but s equinus was not found in this survey. draschia megastoma and habronema muscae were found in 66.2 per cent and 35.3 pe ... | 1985 | 2934246 |
| prevalence of some internal parasites recovered at necropsy of thoroughbreds born in 1982 in kentucky. | a total of 89 thoroughbreds, 14 to 333 days old (born in 1982), were examined at necropsy for certain internal parasites during a 1-year-period, mar 1, 1982, to feb 28, 1983. the eyes of 73 of the horses and the cranial mesenteric arteries of 71 were examined. specific interest was on prevalence of parasites according to month of the year and age of the horses at necropsy. parasites recovered (first month-last month infected horse found) were as follows: thelazia lacrymalis (eyes) immature and m ... | 1985 | 3994134 |
| use of oxibendazole for control of cambendazole-resistant small strongyles in a band of ponies: a six-year study. | oxibendazole (obz; 10 mg/kg of body weight) was administered to ponies at 8-week intervals to control strongylosis in a breeding band of shetland-type ponies (n = 29 to 50) from october 1978 through september 1984. a similar use of cambendazole (cbz; 20 mg/kg of body weight) in this band of ponies during the preceding 4-year period resulted in the survival of a cbz-resistant population (s) of small strongyles. effectiveness of obz treatments was monitored by pre- and posttreatment counts of the ... | 1985 | 4083584 |
| activity of closantel in the prevention of gasterophilus and strongylus vulgaris larval infections in equine foals and yearlings. | two controlled tests were conducted in equine foals and yearlings to determine the optimal oral dosage and the duration of activity of closantel for the prevention of gasterophilus spp larval infections. additional data were collected on the activity of closantel against strongylus vulgaris larval infections. in experiment 1, 12 foals and 12 yearlings were equally allocated to 4 experimental groups, and were given oral treatments with closantel at dosages of 0 (nontreated controls), 2, 5, or 8 m ... | 1985 | 3970420 |
| spinal nematodosis in a donkey with posterior paresis. | spinal nematodosis in a four-year-old donkey is described. the animal showed progressive hindlimb paresis of sudden onset. necropsy revealed extensive degeneration and inflammation in the lumbosacral part of the spinal cord, caused by a nematode larva of the suborder strongylina, probably l4 or l5 of strongylus vulgaris. | 1985 | 4013051 |
| in vitro development of strongylus edentatus to the fourth larval stage with notes on strongylus vulgaris and strongylus equinus. | strongylus edentatus was successfully cultured in vitro to the fourth larval stage (l4). some growth continued for periods of 40-50 days at which time reductions in viability were observed in some of the culture systems tested. various combinations of media, sera, buffers and organ explant cultures were tested. all cultures were incubated at 37 c in an atmosphere of 95% air and 5% co2. larvae underwent growth and differentiation to the l4 in all medium-serum combinations with and without organ e ... | 1985 | 4032151 |
| intimal asteroid bodies in horses: light and electron microscopic observations. | the morphology of asteroid bodies in equine arteries is demonstrated by light microscopy as well as by scanning and transmission electron microscopy combined with chemical analysis. asteroid bodies first occur in horses at four weeks of age in all investigated tissues except the esophagus and always are located in the subendothelial space. the number, shape, ultrastructure and chemical composition of asteroid bodies differ markedly--depending on the age of the horse. asteroid bodies are round an ... | 1985 | 2988177 |
| effect of ivermectin treatment on eosinophilic pneumonia and other extravascular lesions of late strongylus vulgaris larval migration in foals. | eighteen parasite-free pony foals were infected orally with 500 third stage larvae of strongylus vulgaris. at 56 days after infection, six ponies were treated with intramuscular ivermectin (22, 23-dihydroavermectin b1); six were treated with oral ivermectin; and six were not treated. necropsy was done 91 days after infection to study the pathologic effects of migrating s. vulgaris larvae and to determine the efficacy of ivermectin in attenuation of s. vulgaris-induced lesions. larval migration i ... | 1984 | 6546823 |
| in vitro induction of lymphocyte responsiveness by a strongylus vulgaris-derived mitogen. | proliferation in vitro of peripheral blood lymphocytes both from horses infected with strongylus vulgaris and from helminth-free ponies was observed in the presence of extracts of the fourth and fifth stage larvae and adults of s. vulgaris. in addition, s. vulgaris extracts induced transformation in cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes from sheep and dogs and in mouse spleen cell cultures. nylon wool non-adherent, t cell enriched fractions of lymphocytes from both mice and horses were stimul ... | 1984 | 6609495 |
| the prevalence and intensity of internal parasites of horses in the u.s.a. | fifty-five adult horses were necropsied over a 15-month period, and their worm burdens counted and speciated. twenty-one species of cyathostominae were recovered. ten species: cyathostomum catinatum, cylicocyclus nassatus, cylicostephanus longibursatus, cyathostomum coronatum, cylicostephanus goldi, c. calicatus, c. minutus, cylicocyclus leptostomus, c. insigne and cyathostomum pateratum, comprised 98.9% of the total cyathostome burdens. these same 10 species also demonstrated high prevalences i ... | 1984 | 6237483 |
| evaluation of ivermectin against later fourth-stage strongylus vulgaris in ponies at two and five weeks after treatment. | the efficacy of ivermectin against later fourth-stage strongylus vulgaris larvae was studied in pony foals at 14 and 35 days after treatment. these foals had been reared parasite-free, inoculated with 500 infective larvae and 56 days later given either ivermectin at 200 micrograms/kg or a placebo intramuscularly. at necropsy, foals were examined for lesions and larvae grossly and histologically. ivermectin was found to be highly effective (98.6%) against later fourth-stage larvae in five foals w ... | 1984 | 6391639 |
| controlled tests of activity of ivermectin against natural infections of migratory large strongyles and other internal parasites of equids. | four controlled tests (experiments a, b, c, and d) were conducted in naturally infected yearling equids to evaluate activity of ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg im) against migrating strongylus vulgaris and s edentatus in mesenteric arteries and ventral abdominal wall, respectively. data were also obtained on activity against other internal parasites of the gastrointestinal tract and eyeworms. the type and number of equids in the experiments were as follows: experiment a-3 ponies, 2 treated and 1 non-treat ... | 1984 | 6395726 |
| haematological and biochemical values in horses naturally infected with strongylus vulgaris. | the concentrations of serum proteins (beta 1, beta 2, gamma, alpha 1, alpha 2 globulins and albumin) and absolute numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes were examined in 64 naturally infected horses and ponies in which the number of larvae of strongylus vulgaris in the cranial mesenteric artery and the severity of the lesion of verminous arteritis could be determined. the horses were grouped according to the number of larvae found and the severity of the arteritis. the results demon ... | 1984 | 6485222 |
| critical tests of morantel-trichlorfon paste formulation against internal parasites of the horse. | critical tests were completed on six horses to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of a paste formulation mixture of morantel citrate and trichlorfon, administered intraorally at the dose rate of 6 mg morantel base kg-1 and trichlorfon at 30 mg kg-1. aggregate average removals were: 78% for two horses infected with 2nd instar gasterophilus intestinalis; 100% for one infected with 2nd instar g. nasalis; 96% for six infected with 3rd instar g. intestinalis; 100% for four infected with 3rd instar g ... | 1984 | 6538366 |
| verminous (strongylus vulgaris) myelitis in a donkey. | a fifth stage strongylus vulgaris migrated through the spinal cord of a 2-year-old, male donkey resulting in progressive paraparesis and then tetraplegia. a profound neutrophilic pleocytosis was detected on analysis of cerebrospinal fluid. the parasite appeared to have entered the mid-lumbar spinal cord, migrated to the cranial thoracic segments, exited, then re-entered the spinal cord a few segments craniad. it then traveled further cranially and was found in the third cervical spinal cord segm ... | 1984 | 6705537 |
| benzimidazole resistance of equine strongyles: critical tests of several classes of compounds against population b strongyles from 1977 to 1981. | from 1977 to 1981, critical tests were conducted on 10 horses naturally infected with population b strongyles. drugs tested were: oxibendazole (obz), 10 mg/kg of body weight (n = 1); albendazole, 10 mg/kg (n = 1); a mixture of thiabendazole (tbz), 44 mg/kg and trichlorfon, 40 mg/kg (n = 1); a mixture of tbz at 44 mg/kg with piperazine (ppz) at 55 mg of base/kg (n = 1); febantel (fbt), 6 mg/kg (n = 3), 12 mg/kg (n = 1), or 24 mg/kg (n = 1); and pyrantel (prt) pamoate, 6.6 mg of base/kg (n = 1). l ... | 1984 | 6731997 |
| efficacy of ivermectin in injectable and oral paste formulations against eight-week-old strongylus vulgaris larvae in ponies. | a controlled test method was used to evaluate the efficacy of injectable micelle and oral paste formulations of ivermectin (22,23-dihydroavermectin b1) against 8-week-old strongylus vulgaris larvae in experimentally infected pony foals. the dosage level of the drug in both formulations tested was 0.2 mg/kg. ponies were euthanatized and necropsied 5 weeks after treatment. based on the recovery of live vs dead s vulgaris from mesenteric arteries, both formulations were greater than 99% effective. ... | 1984 | 6546649 |
| the elimination of equine strongyles and hematological and pathological consequences following larvicidal doses of thiabendazole. | twelve horses were divided into three groups and given various doses of a mixed species strongyle inoculum, representing light, moderate, and heavy infections. three weeks after the larval inoculations, three animals from each group were given larvicidal doses of thiabendazole (tbz) (440 mg kg-1 on two consecutive days); one animal from each group served as a non-medicated control. treatment was repeated three weeks later. one treated animal from each group was designated for long-term study; ot ... | 1984 | 6538363 |
| critical test evaluations of oxfendazole and trichlorfon: effectiveness of a paste formulation in the horse. | critical tests were performed on 6 horses to evaluate the antiparasitic effectiveness of oxfendazole given in combination with trichlorfon in a paste formulation. treatments were given orally as a single dose. the rates of active ingredient administration were 2.5 and 40 mg/kg of body weight for oxfendazole and trichlorfon, respectively. the combined activities of the 2 antiparasitic compounds proved 100% efficacious in the removal of adult strongylus vulgaris, s edentatus, oxyuris equi, and par ... | 1984 | 6742583 |
| the activity of closantel as an equine antiparasitic agent. | eighteen pony foals were experimentally infected with 500 third stage larvae of strongylus vulgaris at 2 weeks, and at 2, 4, 6 and 8 months after birth. for the duration of the study, all foals were kept in the same pasture with their mothers to allow natural infection with other parasites by exposure to a contaminated environment. twelve of the foals were utilized in groups of 3 and treated orally five times at two month intervals starting at one month of age with closantel at doses of 5, 10, 2 ... | 1983 | 6683040 |
| parasites in kentucky thoroughbreds at necropsy: emphasis on stomach worms and tapeworms. | a total of 363 thoroughbreds (62 males, 292 females, and 9 geldings), 1 to 26 years of age, were examined at necropsy for internal parasites for about a 12-month period from february 1981 through february 1982. emphasis was on examining the stomach for nematodes and the small intestine and cecum for tapeworms. parasites recovered from the stomach and infection rates were: habronema spp--immature (24%), h muscae--adult (38%), draschia megastoma--immature (13%), d megastoma--adult (62%), and trich ... | 1983 | 6869991 |
| cambendazole for strongyle control in a pony band: selection of a drug-resistant population of small strongyles and teratologic implications. | cambendazole (cbz) treatments (20 mg/kg) given at 8-week intervals were used for parasite control in a breeding band of ponies (n = 33 to 43) during the period july 1974 to august 1978. pre- and posttreatment worm egg counts on feces were used to evaluate efficacy of treatments after every 2nd treatment interval by monitoring changes in strongyle egg counts. initially, effective reductions (expressed as 92% to 96% fewer worm eggs) were lessened to 70% by the 9th treatment (18 months) and to 28% ... | 1983 | 6824213 |
| sem study of strongylus vulgaris larva-induced arteritis in the pony. | this paper describes the histological and scanning electron microscopical examinations of the right colic artery of eight ponies. lesions all had large thrombi surrounding a larva or larvae, with arterial wall thickening. endothelial shape change, degeneration and loss were present. fibrin-platelet red blood cell aggregates were present on endothelial surfaces as well as on the surface of thrombi. damage to the intima appeared to produce the conditions for progressive thrombus formation. | 1983 | 6641682 |
| transfer of adult strongylus vulgaris via stomach tube. | patent infections with strongylus vulgaris were established in 6 of 8 helminth-free ponies given 41 to 101 adult worms via nasogastric tube. the parasites were removed from the cecum and ventral colon and transferred within 1 to 2 hours of the death of the donor horses. eggs were found in the feces of the recipients in 2 or 3 days; egg counts reached maximum, 28 eggs per gram of feces, at 4 weeks after ponies were inoculated. in 6 ponies euthanatized 3 to 7 weeks after parasitic transfers were d ... | 1983 | 6638649 |
| scanning electron microscopy of strongylus spp. in zebra. | the external ultrastructure of the anterior and posterior extremities of the nematodes, strongylus asini , strongylus vulgaris, strongylus equinus and strongylus edentatus, was studied with scanning electron microscopy (sem). fresh specimens of s. asini were collected from the caecum, ventral colon and vena portae of equus burchelli and equus zebra hartmannae ; s. vulgaris from the caecum, colon and arteria ileocolica of e. burchelli ; s. equinus from the ventral colon of e. z. hartmannae and s. ... | 1983 | 6676687 |
| critical tests in equids with fenbendazole alone or combined with piperazine: particular reference to activity on benzimidazole-resistant small strongyles. | seven critical tests in equids were conducted with single doses of fenbendazole (5 mg kg-1) alone (panacur--american hoechst, somerville, nj); (2 tests with paste and 1 with suspension formulation) or in combination with piperazine (american hoechst); (40 mg base kg-1); (4 tests with paste formulation). the main purpose of the tests was evaluation of activity against benzimidazole-resistant small strongyles (cyathostomum catinatum, cyathostomum coronatum, cylicocyclus nassatus, cylicostephanus g ... | 1983 | 6683041 |
| verminous aneurysm caused by filaria. | aneurysms caused by atherosclerosis are relatively frequent, as a consequence of the high incidence of this degenerative disease of the arteries. other types of aneurysm, for example, those of infectious etiology, are more uncommon. bacterias and fungi are able to cause aneurysms in several parts of the arterial tree. stengel et al (1943), in a review of world literature described 217 cases of mycotic aneurysms. the stedman's medical dictionary refers to a special type of aneurysm observed in ho ... | 1983 | 6346961 |
| effectiveness of fenbendazole against later 4th-stage strongylus vulgaris in ponies. | twelve pony foals (reared worm-free) were inoculated with strongylus vulgaris. approximately 8 weeks later, 4 of the foals were given fenbendazole (10% suspension) at a dosage rate of 10 mg/kg of body weight daily for 5 days and 4 foals were given the suspension at a dosage rate of 50 mg/kg daily for 3 days; the remaining foals were given a placebo. all treatments were administered by stomach tube. fenbendazole was 99.6 and 97.9% effective in the 2 treatment groups, respectively, in eliminating ... | 1983 | 6362499 |
| antibody responses of ponies to initial and challenge infections of strongylus vulgaris. | an indirect fluorescent antibody assay (ifa) was developed using strongylus vulgaris third stage larvae (l3) as antigens. observations using the ifa indicate that a species-specific antibody response to s. vulgaris l3 develops in s. vulgaris-infected ponies and that some surface l3 antigens are shared by adult worms. sequential antibody levels against s. vulgaris were measured in strongyle-naive and in immune ponies following initial and challenge infections using the ifa and an indirect hemaggl ... | 1983 | 6351415 |
| [endogenous development of strongylus vulgaris]. | 1983 | 6615413 | |
| morphologic and clinicopathologic changes following strongylus vulgaris infections of immune and nonimmune ponies. | 1982 | 6125117 | |
| induction of ion-permeable channels by the venom of the fanged bloodworm glycera dibranchiata. | venom from the poison glands of the polychaete annelid glycera convoluta has been reported to dramatically increase the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials at the frog and crayfish neuromuscular junctions, without causing detectable ultrastructural changes. we report here that addition of venom from the related annelid glycera dibranchiata to one side of a lipid bilayer results in the formation of ion-permeable channels in the membrane. the channel forming activity was found in the void ... | 1982 | 6294921 |
| ivermectin as an antiparasitic agent in horses. | ivermectin, described as 22,23-dihydroavermectin b1, was the compound chosen from the avermectin group of compounds for development as an antiparasitic agent in horses. a review of the literature indicates that parenteral administration in horses at 200 microgram/kg body mass is highly effective against the strongyles strongylus vulgaris, strongylus edentatus and triodontophorus spp., and adult and immature cyathostomes, including strains resistant to benzimidazole anthelmintics. other nematodes ... | 1982 | 6750120 |
| effectiveness of ivermectin against later 4th-stage strongylus vulgaris in ponies. | twelve pony foals were reared worm-free and inoculated with strongylus vulgaris. approximately 8 weeks after they were inoculated, 6 foals were given ivermectin im at a dosage rate of 200 micrograms/kg of body weight and 6 were given a placebo. all foals were necropsied 35 days after treatment. ivermectin was 98.9% effective in eliminating later 4th-stage s vulgaris larvae located near the origin of major intestinal arteries and in reducing clinical signs and permitting resolution of lesions ass ... | 1982 | 6897344 |
| anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin given intramuscularly in horses. | the anthelmintic activity of ivermectin was evaluated in 18 female horses with naturally acquired parasitic infections. horses were treated once (im) with vehicle only (n = 6), 200 microgram/kg of body weight (n = 6), and 300 microgram/kg (n = 6). efficacy of both dosages of ivermectin was greater than 99% against gasterophilus spp, 100% against trichostrongylus axei, habronema muscae, h majus, and draschia megastoma, 98% to 99% against adult cyathostomes, 86% to 97% against 4th-stage cyathostom ... | 1982 | 6896407 |
| antiparasitic effectiveness of ivermectin in the horse. | by way of a controlled trial, the anthelmintic efficacies of the injectable and paste formulations of ivermectin were evaluated in the horse. treatment was given at the rate of 200 microgram/kg of body weight. regardless of formulation, 100% removals were demonstrated for strongylus vulgaris (intestinal), s edentatus, 2nd and 3rd instars of gastrophilus nasalis and g intestinalis, "small strongyles," triodontophorus serratus and t tenuicollis. adult cylicocyclus insigne populations were eliminat ... | 1982 | 6896610 |
| a random walk model for the migration of strongylus vulgaris in the intestinal arteries of the horse. | a study of the migration of fourth stage larvae of the parasite strongylus vulgaris in the intestinal arteries of the horse is presented. it is established, that the larvae migrate along the arteries in almost straight lines. it is suggested that this is primarily due to their ability to sense the curvature of the vessel wall, and not, as might have been expected, because of an ability to sense the direction of blood flow. a larva will sometimes alter its direction of motion when encountering a ... | 1982 | 7067458 |
| controlled tests of fenbendazole against migrating strongylus vulgaris in ponies. | sixteen pony foals were reared worm-free and inoculated with strongylus vulgaris. on day 7 after inoculation, 12 ponies were given a fenbendazole 10% suspension at dose rate of 50 mg/kg of body weight by stomach tube. on day 8 after inoculation, 8 of these ponies were given the 2nd treatment of the anthelmintic and on day 9, 4 of these ponies were given the 3rd treatment. (the other 4 of the 16 ponies were given only tap water, as controls.) the ponies were necropsied at death or on day 28 after ... | 1982 | 7073073 |
| irradiated larval vaccination of ponies against strongylus vulgaris. | nonimmune pony foals 9 to 12 mo of age were vaccinated with third-stage strongylus vulgaris larvae (l3) irradiated with 70, 100, or 130 kr of gamma radiation. ponies receiving per os inoculations of l3 irradiated with 70 or 100 kr were protected from the clinical disease and lesions associated with challenge infections of 4,300 l3, when compared to nonvaccinated controls. similarly, the numbers of worms from the challenging population recovered from successfully vaccinated animals were significa ... | 1982 | 7119986 |
| retropulsion-propulsion in equine large colon. | the circular and longitudinal muscle coats of equine "midcolon" were found to be directly electrically coupled. they appear to act in concert, in healthy animals, as a pacemaker in the area of the large colon pelvic flexure, for retropulsive-propulsive myoelectrical events. the retropulsive events keep the cecum and right ventral and left ventral divisions of the colon filled, imposing a delay time for fermentation of cellulose and for bacterial protein synthesis. point-to-point involvement of a ... | 1982 | 7073054 |
| efficacy of injectable and oral paste formulations of ivermectin against gastrointestinal parasites in ponies. | a controlled test was used in ponies to compare the antiparasitic efficacy of ivermectin (22,23-dihydro-avermectin b1) in an injectable micelle solution administered im with the efficacy of the same drug in an oral paste formulation. parasite infections were naturally acquired in southern louisiana. the drug was tested in both formulations at a dosage level of 0.2 mg/kg of body weight. ivermectin in both formulations tested had an efficacy greater than 98% against gasterophilus intestinalis and ... | 1982 | 6896613 |
| ivermectin: activity against larval strongylus vulgaris and adult trichostrongylus axei in experimental infections in ponies. | activity of ivermectin, administered im at the dosage rate of 200 micrograms/kg of body weight, was evaluated in controlled tests against migrating larvae of strongylus vulgaris and adult trichostrongylus axei in experimental infections in 6 ponies raised worm-free. ponies were given 2,190 or 2,400 infective 3rd-stage larvae of s vulgaris at 7 days before treatment and 22,000 or 22,750 infective 3rd-stage larvae of t axei at 42 or 45 days before treatment. three ponies were given ivermectin plus ... | 1982 | 6896612 |
| effect of diethylcarbamazine on strongylus vulgaris infection in ponies. | shetland ponies (n = 4) were given diethylcarbamazine orally at a dose level of 22 mg/kg/day for 1 week before they were inoculated with 800 third-stage larvae of strongylus vulgaris. treatment was continued for 86 (1 pony) or 200 days (3 ponies) after the inoculation. as compared with the changes seen in a similarly inoculated group of ponies (group 2) which were not treated, diethylcarbamazine did not prevent the clinical or pathologic changes due to the migrating larvae. fewer adult parasites ... | 1982 | 7091831 |
| haloxon: critical tests of antiparasitic activity in equids. | critical tests were conducted in 14 naturally infected equids (13 horses and 1 pony) to evaluate the antiparasitic activity of haloxon. single doses were administered by stomach tube to 3 horses and 1 pony (60 mg/kg of body weight), by addition to the feed of 3 horses (60 mg/kg), and intraorally by powder gun to 7 horses (65 mg/kg). haloxon was efficacious (99% to 100%) against infections of parascaris equorum, oxyuris equi (mature and immature), and strongylus vulgaris at both dosage levels. pr ... | 1981 | 7283234 |
| ischaemic myocardial fibrosis and aortic strongylosis in the horse. | the hearts and aortas of 2076 unselected horses of all ages were examined immediately after slaughter. focal zones of fibrosis, observed in the myocardium of 14.3 per cent of hearts examined, were found in both atria and ventricles and were unrelated to age. microscopically the majority of lesions involved myocardial fibre lysis and replacement fibrosis, although acute infarction was present in some cases. intramyocardial arterioles in or adjacent to the lesions exhibited occlusive arteriosclero ... | 1981 | 7238478 |
| controlled evaluation of ivermectin in shetland ponies. | ivermectin was injected im into 12 yearling shetland ponies. the following reactions in percentages of parasites recovered from ponies given 200 microgram/kg or 300 microgram/kg, as compared with the parasitic population in those given the vehicle at 1 week after injection, were as follows: otobius megnini nymphs--no reduction; gasterophilus intestinalis--100% and 99.9%; g nasalis--100% and 99.9%; parascaris equorum adults--100% and 96%; strongylus vulgaris adults--100% and 100%; s edentatus adu ... | 1981 | 7027848 |
| epidemiology of strongylus vulgaris infection of the horse in morocco. | between august 1978 and july 1979 the anterior mesenteric artery and its branches were collected regularly from adult horses and examined for strongylus vulgaris larvae. the incidence of infection varied from 55 to 100% (annual mean 80%). the mean monthly number of larvae ranged form 3 to 22 with an annual overall mean of 13. the arterial infection was at its minimum in december to january, rose gradually to attain the peak in june and declined thereafter. these observations indicated that s. vu ... | 1981 | 7233560 |
| anthelmintic efficacy fenbendazole paste in equines. | a single oral dose of fenbendazole (fbz) paste at 7,5 mg/kg body mass was given to 5 horses. it was highly effective against adults of the following genera: cyathostomum, cylicostephanus, cylicondontophorus, poteriostomum, cylicocyclus, triodontophorus, oesophagodontus (and other genera belonging to the subfamily cyathostominae). similarly, high efficacy was obtained against the adults of the following species: oxyuris equi, strongylus vulgaris, strongylus equinus and probstmayria vivipara. thes ... | 1981 | 7277372 |
| controlled tests of ivermectin against migrating strongylus vulgaris in ponies. | twelve pony foals were reared worm-free and inoculated with strongylus vulgaris. on day 7 after inoculation, 6 ponies were given ivermectin im at a dose of 200 micrograms/kg of body weight and on day 28 were necropsied. ivermectin was effective in eliminating early 4th-stage s vulgaris larvae and reducing clinical signs associated with acute arteritis. after administrative ivermectin was effective against early 4th-stage strongylus vulgaris larvae in ponies when administered at 100, 300, or 800 ... | 1981 | 6895154 |
| antigenic analyses of tissues and excretory and secretory products from strongylus vulgaris. | rabbit antisera were prepared against veronal buffered saline extracts of l4 and l5 strongylus vulgaris, adult s. vulgaris and adult strongylus equinus retrieved from naturally infected horses. in agar gel diffusion with these antisera, adult s vulgaris and s. equinus each appeared to have at least one unique antigen; larval s. vulgaris appeared to have two species-specific and two stage-specific antigens. there were several common antigens. excretory and secretory products were collected also f ... | 1981 | 6804070 |
| tioxidazole: evaluation of antiparasitic activity of a micronized formulation in horses by the critical test method. | antiparasitic activity of a micronized formulation of the benzothiazole compound, tioxidazole, at the dose rate of 11 mg/kg, was evaluated by the critical test method. drug was given by stomach to 3 horses and on feed to 3 horses. excellent removal activity was found for strongylus vulgaris (100%) in 5 naturally infected horses, s edentatus (91% to 100%) in 5 horses, small strongyles (88% to 99%) in 6 horses, immature oxyuris equi (100%) in 5 horses, and parascaris equorum (100%) in 5 horses (a ... | 1981 | 7283235 |
| recovery of helminths postmortem from equines. i. parasites in arteries, subperitoneum, liver and lungs. | the entire gastro-intestinal tract and viscera of the abdomen and thorax, including the heart, aorta and its branches to the viscera, are removed from the carcass. all the branches of the aorta, with the exception of the a. gastrica sinistra, are dissected from the intestinal tract, and subsequently each branch is isolated from the mesentery, fat, pancreas, kidneys, etc. usually, the a. ileocolica is grossly enlarged due to chronic arteritis with thrombus formation caused by 4th stage larvae, 4t ... | 1981 | 7335329 |
| prevalence of strongylus vulgaris and parascaris equorum in kentucky thoroughbreds at necropsy. | at necropsy of 49 thoroughbreds from farms with generally good parasite control programs in central kentucky, examination was specifically made for presence of strongylus vulgaris in all of the horses and of parascaris equorum in 21 of them. none of the deaths of the horses was caused by infections of internal parasites. visceral arteries were examined for specimens of s vulgaris and lesions related to migrating stages of this parasite. contents of the small intestines were examined for p equoru ... | 1981 | 7341597 |
| equine verminous arteritis; efficiency and speed of larvicidal acitivty as influenced by dosage of albendazole. | albendazole was effective in destroying strongylus vulgaris larvae in verminous lesions of the cranial mesenteric artery when administered as a 20% suspension by stomach tube to ponies. fifty mg/kg body weight administered twice a day for 2 days caused death and gradual disintegration of larvae over a period of 3 to 6 weeks with mild toxic signs appearing in 3 of 11 ponies. higher total doses of albendazole (50 mg/kg twice a day for 4 days and 25 mg/kg three times a day for 5 days) lead to more ... | 1980 | 7408495 |
| antiparasitic activity of parbendazole in critical tests in horses. | critical tests were conducted in 11 naturally infected horses to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of parbendazole. single doses at the rates of 30, 20, 10, 5, or 2.5 mg/kg of body weight were administered by stomach tube to 1, 4, 2, 2, and 2 horses, respectively. parbendazole was active against parascaris equorum, oxyuris equi, strongylus vulgaris, strongylus edentatus, and small strongyles throughout the range of doses. generally, small numbers of p equorum were present, but apparently a dose ... | 1980 | 6892671 |