Publications

european hedgehogs as hosts for borrelia spp., germany.		2007	17582907
the complete mitochondrial genome of pseudocellus pearsei (chelicerata: ricinulei) and a comparison of mitochondrial gene rearrangements in arachnida.	mitochondrial genomes are widely utilized for phylogenetic and population genetic analyses among animals. in addition to sequence data the mitochondrial gene order and rna secondary structure data are used in phylogenetic analyses. arachnid phylogeny is still highly debated and there is a lack of sufficient sequence data for many taxa. ricinulei (hooded tickspiders) are a morphologically distinct clade of arachnids with uncertain phylogenetic affinities.	2007	17961221
the complete mitochondrial genome of the sea spider achelia bituberculata (pycnogonida, ammotheidae): arthropod ground pattern of gene arrangement.	the phylogenetic position of pycnogonids is a long-standing and controversial issue in arthropod phylogeny. this controversy has recently been rekindled by differences in the conclusions based on neuroanatomical data concerning the chelifore and the patterns of hox expression. the mitochondrial genome of a sea spider, nymphon gracile (pycnogonida, nymphonidae), was recently reported in an attempt to address this issue. however, n. gracile appears to be a long-branch taxon on the phylogenetic tre ...	2007	17908292
ectoparasites of the endangered iberian lynx lynx pardinus and sympatric wild and domestic carnivores in spain.	ectoparasites can cause important skin disorders in animals and can also transmit pathogens. the iberian lynx lynx pardinus has been stated to be the most endangered felid in the world and such vector-borne pathogens may threaten its survival. we surveyed 98 wild carnivores (26 iberian lynxes, 34 red foxes vulpes vulpes, 24 egyptian mongooses herpestes ichneumon, 11 common genets genetta genetta, two eurasian badgers meles meles, one polecat mustela putorius) and 75 domestic but free-ranging car ...	2007	17897365
real-time pcr investigation of potential vectors, reservoirs, and shedding patterns of feline hemotropic mycoplasmas.	three hemotropic mycoplasmas have been identified in pet cats: mycoplasma haemofelis, "candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum," and "candidatus mycoplasma turicensis." the way in which these agents are transmitted is largely unknown. thus, this study aimed to investigate fleas, ticks, and rodents as well as saliva and feces from infected cats for the presence of hemotropic mycoplasmas, to gain insight into potential transmission routes for these agents. dna was extracted from arthropods and from rod ...	2007	17468284
the complete mitochondrial genome of the sea spider nymphon gracile (arthropoda: pycnogonida).	mitochondrial genomes form units of genetic information replicating indepentently from nuclear genomes. sequence data (most often from protein-coding genes) and other features (gene order, rna secondary structure) of mitochondrial genomes are often used in phylogenetic studies of metazoan animals from population to phylum level. pycnogonids are primarily marine arthropods, often considered closely related to chelicerates (spiders, scorpions and allies). however, due to their aberrant morphology ...	2006	17087824
ticks infesting livestock on farms in western sicily, italy.	the results of a 2-year survey on ticks infesting livestock on farms in western sicily, italy, are reported. several dogs living in the same area were also examined for ticks. moreover, free-living ticks from one cattle farm were caught by co(2) traps and flagging. a total of 6208 specimens was collected belonging to 9 species: rhipicephalus bursa (32.4%), rhipicephalus turanicus (22.7%), rhipicephalus sanguineus (19.3%), hyalomma lusitanicum (12.0%), haemaphysalis punctata (7.8%), hyalomma marg ...	2006	16550337
ixodid tick species attaching to dogs in hungary.	a survey was carried out to investigate the occurrence of hard tick species (acari: ixodidae) infesting domestic dogs in hungary. forty veterinary clinics from a wide geographical area were asked to collect hard ticks from dogs and to complete a questionnaire. in total, 25 veterinary clinics submitted 900 ticks from 310 dogs. intensity of infestation ranged from one to 78 per dog. the most preferred sites of tick attachment in decreasing order were head, neck and legs. the majority of ticks (91. ...	2005	15817212
complete mitochondrial genome sequence of urechis caupo, a representative of the phylum echiura.	mitochondria contain small genomes that are physically separate from those of nuclei. their comparison serves as a model system for understanding the processes of genome evolution. although hundreds of these genome sequences have been reported, the taxonomic sampling is highly biased toward vertebrates and arthropods, with many whole phyla remaining unstudied. this is the first description of a complete mitochondrial genome sequence of a representative of the phylum echiura, that of the fat innk ...	2004	15369601
roles of the maltese cross form of babesia microti in the development of parasitemia in b. microti infection.		2004	15271963
relationships of a novel lyme disease spirochete, borrelia spielmani sp. nov., with its hosts in central europe.	to determine whether the pathogenic variant of lyme disease spirochetes, isolate a14s, is perpetuated in a particular reservoir-vector relationship, we screened vector ticks in various central european sites for a related spirochete and determined its host association. a14s-like spirochetes infect numerous questing ticks in the petite camargue alsacienne (pc). they frequently infect dormice, but no mice or voles. garden dormice appear to be better reservoir hosts for a14s-like spirochetes than f ...	2004	15528500
genetic variability within borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies established by pcr-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of the rrfa-rrlb intergenic spacer in ixodes ricinus ticks from the czech republic.	in europe the borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex is represented by five distinct genospecies: borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, borrelia afzelii, borrelia garinii, borrelia valaisiana, and borrelia lusitaniae. these taxonomic entities are known to differ in their specific associations with vertebrate hosts and to provoke distinct clinical manifestations in human patients. however, exceptions to these rules have often been observed, indicating that strains belonging to a single genospecies ...	2003	12514035
ixodes hexagonus is the main candidate as vector of theileria annae in northwest spain.	babesia canis and babesia gibsoni have, until recently, been considered the only piroplasms that parasitise dogs. however, recent reports indicate that "small" babesia infections in spanish dogs are surprisingly frequent and molecular phylogenetic analysis indicates that the infecting agent is closely related to babesia microti. because the 18srdna sequence was not completely identical to that of b. microti, the new name "theileria annae" was assigned to the canine agent. no information is avail ...	2003	12581593
genetic diversity of bacterial agents detected in ticks removed from asymptomatic patients in northeastern italy.	a total of 360 ticks were removed from 353 asymptomatic subjects in belluno province, italy and surrounding areas, from 1998 to 2001. ticks were identified as ixodes ricinus (357), ixodes hexagonus (1), rhipicephalus sanguineus (1), and ixodes ventalloi (1). tick dna was investigated by pcr and subsequent sequencing of amplified products to identity associated bacterial agents. primers targeting different genes of rickettsia (glta and ompa), borrelia (16s rdna, rpob), francisella (16s rdna), and ...	2003	12860623
the ixodid tick species attaching to domestic dogs and cats in great britain and ireland.	the species of ixodid ticks, attached to dogs and cats presented to veterinary practices in great britain and ireland were identified. most host animals carried only one tick species with ixodes ricinus linné (acari: ixodidae) being the most common, identified on 52% of animals, ixodes hexagonus leach (acari: ixodidae) the second most common (on 39%) and ixodes canisuga johnston (acari: ixodidae) the third most common (on 11%). a significantly higher proportion of dogs than cats carried i. ricin ...	2000	11016442
the complete mitochondrial dna sequence of the horseshoe crab limulus polyphemus.	we determined the complete 14,985-nt sequence of the mitochondrial dna of the horseshoe crab limulus polyphemus (arthropoda: xiphosura). this mtdna encodes the 13 protein, 2 rrna, and 22 trna genes typical for metazoans. the arrangement of these genes and about half of the sequence was reported previously; however, the sequence contained a large number of errors, which are corrected here. the two strands of limulus mtdna have significantly different nucleotide compositions. the strand encoding m ...	2000	10779542
general review of tick species present in portugal.	at present, 24 species are known to occur in portugal: argas vespertilionis, ornithodoros maritimus and ornithodoros erraticus in argasidae; ixodes acuminatus, ixodes bivari, ixodes canisuga, ixodes frontalis, ixodes hexagonus, ixodes ricinus, ixodes simplex simplex, ixodes ventalloi, ixodes vespertilionis, dermacentor marginatus, dermacentor pictus', haemaphysalis hispanica, haemaphysalis inermis, haemaphysalis punctata, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus pusillus, rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhi ...	1999	11071535
detection and typing of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ixodes ricinus ticks attached to human skin by pcr.	live ixodes ricinus ticks attached to humans residing in germany were examined for borreliae by dark-field microscopy and pcr. borrelia species were identified by 16s rrna sequence analysis, which showed the presence of several species, some not yet defined, and a high prevalence of multiply infected ticks.	1998	9774593
mitochondrial gene order is not conserved in arthropods: prostriate and metastriate tick mitochondrial genomes.	the entire mitochondrial genome was sequenced in a prostriate tick, ixodes hexagonus, and a metastriate tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. both genomes encode 22 trnas, 13 proteins, and two ribosomal rnas. prostriate ticks are basal members of ixodidae and have the same gene order as limulus polyphemus. in contrast, in r. sanguineus, a block of genes encoding nadh dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nd1), trna(leu)(uur), trna(leu)(cun), 16s rdna, trna(val), 12s rdna, the control region, and the trna(ile) and ...	1998	9866211
tick zoonoses in the southern part of switzerland (canton ticino): occurrence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and rickettsia sp.	the diversity and the distribution of tick species and their infection rates by the pathogenic micro-organism borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the etiologic agent of lyme borreliosis, and rickettsia sp., were studied in canton ticino (the southern part of switzerland). ticks specimens collected from animals and humans were classified and analysed for the presence of both pathogens. in particular, pcr analysis was performed for the detection of borrelia spirochetes in ixodes ricinus and ixodes he ...	1997	9085007
tick infestation patterns and prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi in ticks collected at a veterinary clinic in germany.	a total of 4803 domestic and wild animals which were presented for examination at a veterinary clinic in north baden, germany over a period of 1 year were examined for tick infestation. a total of 434 nymphal and adult ticks were collected from 175 hosts. ticks found belonged to the species ixodes ricinus (385), ixodes hexagonus (48), and ixodes ventalloi (one). the polymerase chain reaction was used to examine 132 i. ricinus and 21 i. hexagonus for the presence of borrelia burgdorferi. twenty-t ...	1996	8916409
the occurrence of ixodid ticks on wild mink mustela vision in england and wales.	four species of ticks found to infest 1391 american mink (mustela vison) in britain in five years were, in declining order of frequency, ixodes hexagonus, ixodes canisuga, ixodes ricinus and ixodes acuminatus. ixodes hexagonus and i. canisuga occurred on 40% and 2.5% of mink respectively. infestation rates (the proportion of infested mink) of adult females, nymphs and larvae were similar and tended to be lower in summer. the distribution of infestation size (the number of ticks per host) for adu ...	1996	8994138
borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in ticks (acari: ixodidae) from two different foci in spain.	the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in several tick species was studied over a 2 year period in two ecologically different areas in spain. one area was an endemic area for lyme disease, with a number of autochthonous human cases and supported large populations of ixodes ricinus on cattle and birds; the second area was characterized by the absence of i. ricinus together with the presence of foxes and their associated tick species. while i. ricinus was the main vector of b. burgdorer ...	1995	7634972
immunoglobulin-g binding proteins in the ixodid ticks, rhipicephalus appendiculatus, amblyomma variegatum and ixodes hexagonus.	a guinea-pig immunoglobulin-g linked agarose column was used to detect the immunoglobulin-g binding proteins (igbp) in the ixodid ticks, rhipicephalus appendiculatus, amblyomma variegatum and ixodes hexagonus. igbps were found in salivary gland extract (sge) of the unfed ticks of all 3 species. the sizes of the igbps, as determined by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, differed between species. in r. appendiculatus 2 igbp bands were detected in haemolymph collected from unfed females and ma ...	1995	7675530
ability of transovarially and subsequent transstadially infected ixodes hexagonus ticks to maintain and transmit borrelia burgdorferi in the laboratory.	in a previous study, transstadial and transovarial survival of borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes hexagonus and transmission to laboratory mice via the bite of infected females were demonstrated. here, we report the ability of i. hexagonus progeny infected transovarially to maintain and transmit the spirochaete to the host. ticks were examined for spirochaetes by direct immunofluorescence antibody test. i. hexagonus larvae derived from the parental transstadially infected females were fed on two whi ...	1993	7628234
[the tick fauna of eastern germany].	the occurrence of several tick species in selected areas of eastern germany is described. from may 1987 till december 1989 8,472 ticks from 430 places were examined. ixodidae of the genus ixodes, dermacentor and haemaphysalis as well as argasidae of the genus argas were identified. the most common species was ixodes ricinus. furthermore, an endemic area of dermacentor reticulatus was detected in the düben-dahlen and annaburg health. two other species of ticks, which were found frequently and som ...	1992	1416225
ixodes (pholeoixodes) hexagonus, an efficient vector of borrelia burgdorferi in the laboratory.	borrelia burgdorferi johnson et al. was first isolated from the midgut of ixodes dammini spielman et al. in the u.s.a. and from the midgut of i.ricinus (l.) in europe. i.ricinus was considered to be the only tick vector of this borrelia, in europe, until i.hexagonus leach, the hedgehog tick, was found to harbour spirochaetes. this paper reports an evaluation of the vector competence of i.hexagonus for the spirochaete b.burgdorferi. transovarial and trans-stadial survival were demonstrated and th ...	1991	1773121
[arthropods found on european beaver (castor fiber l.) in poland].	in july 1988, arthropods from 6 castor fiber were collected at popielno near ruciane. schizocarpus numerosus dub., s. fedjushini dub., s. brachyurus dub. are new to the fauna of poland. ixodes hexagonus leach (larvae, nymphs, females) is especially numerous. under-development of the coxa and trochanter of the third left leg was noted in one female. moreover, acarus farris (oud.), cunaxoides kielczewskii mich. and unidentified female of the phytoseiidae were obtained. cunaxid mites have not been ...	1991	1823468
lyme borreliosis: ten years after discovery of the etiologic agent, borrelia burgdorferi.	since the recovery of its causative agent, borrelia burgdorferi, in 1981, lyme borreliosis has become the most prevalent tick-borne disease in the united states as well as in europe. its steadily increasing clinical spectrum now includes erythema migrans, acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans, lymphadenosis beniga cutis, arthritis, myocarditis, progressive meningoencephalitis, myositis, and various ocular and skin disorders. the true incidence of lyme borreliosis in the world is unknown. in the un ...	1991	1917043
zoonoses and other findings in hedgehogs (erinaceus europaeus): a survey of mortality and review of the literature.	a survey of mortality in hedgehogs (erinaceus europaeus) was carried out between july 1976 and november 1986. most were from norfolk. of the 74 examined, 35 (47.3 per cent) were road casualties, one of which yielded salmonella typhimurium phage type (pt) 104. of the remaining 39, 13 (33.3 per cent) had salmonellosis due to s enteritidis pt 11. this organism, which appears to be common and widespread in hedgehogs in england was found in 10 separate incidents. the only other zoonosis was ringworm ...	1991	2035215
borrelia burgdorferi in ticks of the canton tessin (switzerland).	in the northern alps it is hard to find an ixodes ricinus population which does not harbour borrelia burgdorferi. the infection rates range from 5 to 34% for adults and nymphs to 3.1% for larvae. this study shows that the infection rates on the southern side of the alps are similar, at 25% for adults, 36.2% for nymphs and 3.2% for larvae. with respect to tick species other than i. ricinus, we did not succeed in finding any spirochetes in dermacentor marginatus, haemaphysalis punctata, ixodes hex ...	1990	2132440
nocturnal detachment of the tick ixodes hexagonus from nocturnally active hosts.	to determine whether the pattern of engorgement of ixodes hexagonus leach (acarina: ixodidae) in central europe may influence host specificity, the host relationships of the sub-adult stages of this tick were examined and the time of detachment compared with the activity patterns of various candidate vertebrate hosts. the main hosts for i. hexagonus appear to be hedgehog and fox. this tick species seems to be incapable of feeding on any rodent commonly encountered in the study region, or on rept ...	1990	2133008
[a case of an infection with ixodes hexagonus (acarina: ixodoidea) in a horse].		1990	2349547
ectoparasites of the irish stoat.	a sample of 196 irish stoats mustela ermineae hibernica thomas & barrett-hamilton (carnivora: mustelidae) were examined and yielded 2580 arthropod ectoparasites, including 1819 larval mites neotrombicula autumnalis (shaw) from a single host. other ectoparasites recovered included lice (99% trichodectes ermineae (hopkins], ticks (mostly ixodes hexagonus leach) and four species of fleas. the ticks and fleas were considered to have come mainly from nests of other hosts. the flea species did not ref ...	1989	2519665
serological investigations of the hedgehog (erinaceus europaeus) in styria. 2. report.	from 1975 to 1982 investigations of 64 hedgehogs for anthropozoonoses and infectious diseases were carried out in all regions of styria, austria. the serological investigations revealed positive results against rickettsiosis, (q-fever and rmsf-groups antigen), (ornithosis, toxoplasmosis, listeriosis, against adenoviruses and herpesvirus). other studies by nosek et al. (1967); troger et al. (1976); kaaserer et al. (1976) and stunzner et al. (1976) report on the hedgehog (erinaceus europaeus) as i ...	1989	2744467
isolation of tbe virus from the tick ixodes hexagonus.	tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) virus was isolated from a sample of ixodes hexagonus ticks collected from the hair of the western european hedgehog (erinaceus europaeus) which had been captured on the edge of a new housing estate in ceské budĕjovice at the end of september 1986. this was the first isolation of tbe virus from this vector, supporting the previous experimental results. the virus was identified in immunofluorescent and plaquereduction neutralization tests.	1988	3058559
[ticks of domestic and wild animals in germany: on the occurrence and biology of the hedgehog tick (ixodes hexgonus) and the fox tick (ixodes canisuga)].		1986	3536420
[transmission of babesia microti by nymphs of dermacentor marginatus, d. reticulatus, haemaphysalis punctata, rhipicephalus sanguineus and ixodes hexagonus].		1982	7080616
[new faunal and biological observations on ticks in abruzzo].	ticks collected during the years 1975-76 in abruzzo (prov. l'aquila and chieti) italy are reported. the following species have been identified: ixodes canisuga, ixodes frontalis, ixodes hexagonus, ixodes ricinus, dermacentor marginatus, haemaphysalis sulcata, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus sanguineus, hyalomma marginatum. new hosts are: felis catus for ixodes canisuga; scolopax rusticola, motacilla flava, corvus cornix for ixodes frontalis; sciurus vulgaris for haemaphysalis punctata; garrul ...	1976	1032325
on the development of the tick ixodes hexagonus leach, 1815 in the north-moravian natural focus of tick-borne encephalitis.		1971	5163211
[studies on the transmission of the virus of early summer meningoencephalitis by the tick ixodes hexagonus leach].		1960	13854968
the morphology of the british prostriata, with particular reference to ixodes hexagonus leach. iii.		1956	13378880
a case of human parasitization by ixodes hexagonus, leach (hedgehog tick).		1955	13260650
the morphology of the british prostriata with particular reference to ixodes hexagonus leach. ii.		1953	13026274
the capitulum and feeding mechanism of ixodes hexagonus leach. ii.		1953	13026275
the host relationships of ixodes hexagonus leach in britain.		1953	13111809
the capitulum and feeding mechanism of ixodes hexagonus leach.		1951	14863946
the bionomics of ixodes hexagonus leach in britain.		1951	14863947
update on tick-borne rickettsioses around the world: a geographic approach.	tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus rickettsia. these zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. however, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that wer ...	0	24092850
ectoparasitic infestations of the european hedgehog (erinaceus europaeus) in urmia city, iran: first report.	hedgehogs are small, nocturnal mammals that become popular in the world and have significant role in transmission of zoonotic agents. some of the agents are transmitted by ticks and fleas such as rickettsial agents. for these reason, a survey on ectoparasites in european hedgehog (erinaceus europaeus) carried out between april 2006 and december 2007 from different parts of urmia city, west azerbaijan, iran. after being euthanized external surface of body of animals was precisely considered for e ...	0	25653796
role of migratory birds in spreading crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever, turkey.	we investigated migratory birds' role in spreading crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv) through attached ticks. we detected cchfv rna in ticks on migratory birds in turkey. two isolates showed similarity with cchfv genotype 4, suggesting a role for ticks in cchfv epidemics in turkey and spread of cchfv by birds.	0	25062428
forest refugia in western and central africa as 'museums' of mesozoic biodiversity.	the refugial speciation model, or 'species pump', is widely accepted in the context of tropical biogeography and has been advocated as an explanation for present species distributions in tropical western and central africa. in order to test this hypothesis, a phylogeny of the cryptic arachnid order ricinulei, based on four nuclear and mitochondrial dna markers, was inferred. this ancient clade of litter-dwelling arthropods, endemic to the primary forests of western and central africa and the neo ...	0	23193047
mitochondrial genomes suggest that hexapods and crustaceans are mutually paraphyletic.	for over a century the relationships between the four major groups of the phylum arthropoda (chelicerata, crustacea, hexapoda and myriapoda) have been debated. recent molecular evidence has confirmed a close relationship between the crustacea and the hexapoda, and has included the suggestion of a paraphyletic hexapoda. to test this hypothesis we have sequenced the complete or near-complete mitochondrial genomes of three crustaceans (parhyale hawaiensis, squilla mantis and triops longicaudatus), ...	0	16024395