Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| a role for auditory corticothalamic feedback in the perception of complex sounds. | feedback signals from the primary auditory cortex (a1) can shape the receptive field properties of neurons in the ventral division of the medial geniculate body (mgbv). however, the behavioral significance of corticothalamic modulation is unknown. the aim of this study was to elucidate the role of this descending pathway in the perception of complex sounds. we tested the ability of adult female ferrets to detect the presence of a mistuned harmonic in a complex tone using a positive conditioned g ... | 2017 | 28559384 |
| hesperetin-5,7,3'-o-triacetate suppresses airway hyperresponsiveness in ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged mice without reversing xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia in normal mice. | we recently reported that hesperetin-5,7,3'-o-triacetate (hta) dually inhibited phosphodiesterase (pde)3/4 with a therapeutic ratio of 20.8. the application and development of pde4 inhibitors for treating asthma or copd are limited by their side effects, such as nausea, vomiting and gastric hypersecretion. pde4 inhibitors were reported to reverse xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesia in rats and triggered vomiting in ferrets. thus the reversing effect of hta on xylazine/ketamine-induced anesthesi ... | 2017 | 28558784 |
| development and application of synthetic affinity ligands for the purification of ferritin-based influenza antigens. | a recently developed novel recombinant influenza antigen vaccine has shown great success in preclinical studies in ferrets and mice. it provides broader protection, and is efficient to manufacture compared to the conventional trivalent influenza vaccines (tiv). each strain of the recombinant antigen has a constant self-assembled bacterial ferritin core which, if used as a target for affinity chromatography, could lead to a universal purification method. ferritin in silico models were used to exp ... | 2017 | 28558204 |
| demodicosis in a ferret caused by demodex canis. | 2017 | 28543828 | |
| learned response sequences in cerebellar purkinje cells. | associative learning in the cerebellum has previously focused on single movements. in eyeblink conditioning, for instance, a subject learns to blink at the right time in response to a conditional stimulus (cs), such as a tone that is repeatedly followed by an unconditional corneal stimulus (us). during conditioning, the cs and us are transmitted by mossy/parallel fibers and climbing fibers to cerebellar purkinje cells that acquire a precisely timed pause response that drives the overt blink resp ... | 2017 | 28533379 |
| establishing the ferret as a gyrencephalic animal model of traumatic brain injury: optimization of controlled cortical impact procedures. | although rodent tbi studies provide valuable information regarding the effects of injury and recovery, an animal model with neuroanatomical characteristics closer to humans may provide a more meaningful basis for clinical translation. the ferret has a high white/gray matter ratio, gyrencephalic neocortex, and ventral hippocampal location. furthermore, ferrets are amenable to behavioral training, have a body size compatible with pre-clinical mri, and are cost-effective. | 2017 | 28499842 |
| indigenous wildlife rabies in taiwan: ferret badgers, a long term terrestrial reservoir. | the emerging disease of rabies was confirmed in taiwan ferret badgers (fbs) and reported to the world organization for animal health (oie) on july 17, 2013. the spread of wildlife rabies can be related to neighborhood countries in asia. the phylogenetic analysis was conducted by maximum likelihood (ml) methods and the bayesian coalescent approach based on the glycoprotein (g) and nucleoprotein (n) genes. the phylogeographic and spatial temporal dynamics of viral transmission were determined by u ... | 2017 | 28497055 |
| investigating multi-objective fluence and beam orientation imrt optimization. | radiation oncology treatment planning requires compromises to be made between clinical objectives that are invariably in conflict. it would be beneficial to have a 'bird's-eye-view' perspective of the full spectrum of treatment plans that represent the possible trade-offs between delivering the intended dose to the planning target volume (ptv) while optimally sparing the organs-at-risk (oars). in this work, the authors demonstrate pareto-aware radiotherapy evolutionary treatment optimization (pa ... | 2017 | 28493848 |
| human bocavirus type-1 capsid facilitates the transduction of ferret airways by adeno-associated virus genomes. | human bocavirus type-1 (hbov1) has a high tropism for the apical membrane of human airway epithelia. the packaging of a recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (raav2) genome into hbov1 capsid produces a chimeric vector (raav2/hbov1) that also efficiently transduces human airway epithelia. as such, this vector is attractive for use in gene therapies to treat lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis. however, preclinical development of raav2/hbov1 vectors has been hindered by the fact that humans are t ... | 2017 | 28490200 |
| regulation of cerebral cortex folding by controlling neuronal migration via flrt adhesion molecules. | the folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex into sulci and gyri is thought to be favored by the amplification of basal progenitor cells and their tangential migration. here, we provide a molecular mechanism for the role of migration in this process by showing that changes in intercellular adhesion of migrating cortical neurons result in cortical folding. mice with deletions of flrt1 and flrt3 adhesion molecules develop macroscopic sulci with preserved layered organization and radial glial morph ... | 2017 | 28475893 |
| centrally located glp-1 receptors modulate gastric slow waves and cardiovascular function in ferrets consistent with the induction of nausea. | glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) receptor agonists are indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, but can cause nausea and emesis in some patients. glp-1 receptors are distributed widely in the brain, where they contribute to mechanisms of emesis, reduced appetite and aversion, but it is not known if these centrally located receptors also contribute to a modulation of gastric slow wave activity, which is linked causally to nausea. our aim was to investigate the potential of the g ... | 2017 | 28456436 |
| the impact of bilateral vagotomy on the physostigmine-induced airway constriction in ferrets. | vagal innervations have a great role in the respiratory function and are the main route of signal transmission from respiratory neural centers into the trachea and others conducting airways. we have investigated the role of central mechanisms related to vagal neural pathways and the cholinergic outflow in tracheobronchial smooth muscle tone and lung mechanics parameters. parameters of lung mechanics such as lung resistance (rl), dynamic compliance (cdyn) and pressure in bypassed tracheal segment ... | 2017 | 28445778 |
| repeated threat (without direct harm) alters metabolic capacity in select regions that drive defensive behavior. | to understand the behavioral consequences of intermittent anticipatory stress resulting from threats without accompanying physiological challenges, we developed a semi-naturalistic rodent housing and foraging environment that can include threats that are unpredictable in timing. behavior is automatically recorded while rats forage for food or water. over three weeks, the threats have been shown to elicit risk assessment behaviors, increase defensive burying and increase adrenal gland weight. to ... | 2017 | 28433648 |
| radiographic and ultrasonographic findings of the spleen and abdominal lymph nodes in healthy domestic ferrets. | to describe the radiographic and ultrasonographic characteristics of the spleen and abdominal lymph nodes in clinically healthy ferrets. | 2017 | 28414856 |
| breaking the excitation-inhibition balance makes the cortical network's space-time dynamics distinguish simple visual scenes. | brain dynamics are often taken to be temporal dynamics of spiking and membrane potentials in a balanced network. almost all evidence for a balanced network comes from recordings of cell bodies of few single neurons, neglecting more than 99% of the cortical network. we examined the space-time dynamics of excitation and inhibition simultaneously in dendrites and axons over four visual areas of ferrets exposed to visual scenes with stationary and moving objects. the visual stimuli broke the tight b ... | 2017 | 28377701 |
| what is your diagnosis? cystic prostatic lesion in a domestic ferret. | 2017 | 28370271 | |
| comparison of a novel microcrystalline tyrosine adjuvant with aluminium hydroxide for enhancing vaccination against seasonal influenza. | vaccination against seasonal influenza strains is recommended for "high risk" patient groups such as infants, elderly and those with respiratory or circulatory diseases. however, efficacy of the trivalent influenza vaccine (tiv) is poor in many cases and in the event of an influenza pandemic, mono-valent vaccines have been rapidly developed and deployed. one of the main issues with use of vaccine in pandemic situations is the lack of a suitable quantity of vaccine early enough during the pandemi ... | 2017 | 28347293 |
| reproductive medicine in ferrets. | in the united states, desexing is performed routinely in ferrets at the age of 6 weeks, therefore reproductive tract diseases are not so common. however, in europe most ferrets are desexed when they are several months old, or they are kept as intact animals. for this reason, diseases of the reproductive organs and a prolonged estrus are far more frequent in europe than in the united states. this article summarizes and reviews the anatomy, reproductive physiology, management of reproduction (incl ... | 2017 | 28340892 |
| characterization of white matter tracts by diffusion mr tractography in cat and ferret that have similar gyral patterns. | the developmental relationships between gyral structures and white matter tracts have long been debated, but it is still difficult to discern whether they influence each other's development or are causally related. to explore this topic, this study used cats and ferrets as models for species that share similar gyral folding patterns and imaged with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging to compare white matter innervations in homologous gyri and other brain regions. adult cat and ferret brains wer ... | 2017 | 28334159 |
| architecture and mechanism of the central gear in an ancient molecular timer. | molecular clocks are the product of natural selection in organisms from bacteria to human and their appearance early in evolution such as in the prokaryotic cyanobacterium synechococcus elongatus suggests that these timers served a crucial role in genetic fitness. thus, a clock allows cyanobacteria relying on photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation to temporally space the two processes and avoid exposure of nitrogenase carrying out fixation to high levels of oxygen produced during photosynthesis. f ... | 2017 | 28330987 |
| role of prostanoid ep3/1 receptors in mechanisms of emesis and defaecation in ferrets. | prostanoid ep receptor agonists are used for a number of clinical indications but may be associated with gastric disturbance. in the present studies we used the ferret and sulprostone (30µg/kg, i.p.) to investigate the role of ep3/1 receptors in mechanisms of emesis and defaecation. the emetic response was antagonized significantly by (+)-(2s,3s)-3-(2-methoxybenzylamino)-2-phenlypiperidine hydrochloride (cp-99,994; 10mg/kg, i.p.; p<0.05), but not by metoclopramide (0.3 and 3mg/kg), ondansetron ( ... | 2017 | 28322837 |
| population based mri and dti templates of the adult ferret brain and tools for voxelwise analysis. | non-invasive imaging has the potential to play a crucial role in the characterization and translation of experimental animal models to investigate human brain development and disorders, especially when employed to study animal models that more accurately represent features of human neuroanatomy. the purpose of this study was to build and make available mri and dti templates and analysis tools for the ferret brain as the ferret is a well-suited species for pre-clinical mri studies with folded cor ... | 2017 | 28315740 |
| ferret interneurons defy expectations. | parvalbumin interneurons in the cortex are believed to pool inputs from most surrounding excitatory cells independent of their functional properties. response properties of interneurons in columnar visual cortex of ferrets, described by wilson et al. (2017) in this issue of neuron, challenge this view. | 2017 | 28279359 |
| gabaergic neurons in ferret visual cortex participate in functionally specific networks. | functional circuits in the visual cortex require the coordinated activity of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. molecular genetic approaches in the mouse have led to the "local non-specific pooling principle" of inhibitory connectivity, in which inhibitory neurons are untuned for stimulus features due to the random pooling of local inputs. however, it remains unclear whether this principle generalizes to species with a columnar organization of feature selectivity such as carnivores, primates, an ... | 2017 | 28279352 |
| video-rate volumetric functional imaging of the brain at synaptic resolution. | neurons and neural networks often extend hundreds of micrometers in three dimensions. capturing the calcium transients associated with their activity requires volume imaging methods with subsecond temporal resolution. such speed is a challenge for conventional two-photon laser-scanning microscopy, because it depends on serial focal scanning in 3d and indicators with limited brightness. here we present an optical module that is easily integrated into standard two-photon laser-scanning microscopes ... | 2017 | 28250408 |
| study of nuclear morphometry on cytology specimens of benign and malignant breast lesions: a study of 122 cases. | breast cancer has emerged as a leading site of cancer among women in india. fine needle aspiration cytology (fnac) has been routinely applied in assessment of breast lesions. cytological evaluation in breast lesions is subjective with a "gray zone" of 6.9-20%. quantitative evaluation of nuclear size, shape, texture, and density parameters by morphometry can be of diagnostic help in breast tumor. | 2017 | 28182052 |
| pathophysiological analyses of periventricular nodular heterotopia using gyrencephalic mammals. | although periventricular nodular heterotopia (pnh) is often found in the cerebral cortex of people with thanatophoric dysplasia (td), the pathophysiology of pnh in td is largely unknown. this is mainly because of difficulties in obtaining brain samples of td patients and a lack of appropriate animal models for analyzing the pathophysiology of pnh in td. here we investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of pnh in the cerebral cortex of td by utilizing a ferret td model which we recently devel ... | 2017 | 28158406 |
| acute inactivation of primary auditory cortex causes a sound localisation deficit in ferrets. | the objective of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of acute inactivation of brain areas by cooling in the behaving ferret and to demonstrate that cooling auditory cortex produced a localisation deficit that was specific to auditory stimuli. the effect of cooling on neural activity was measured in anesthetized ferret cortex. the behavioural effect of cooling was determined in a benchmark sound localisation task in which inactivation of primary auditory cortex (a1) is known to impair perf ... | 2017 | 28099489 |
| [pain therapy in small pets]. | although many advances in pain therapy have been made in recent years, pain therapy is more difficult in the small domestic animal than in cats and dogs. however, there is the ethical obligation that these animals also receive adequate pain therapy. an analgesic is rarely authorized for use in small pets, with pharmacological investigations often lacking and dosages frequently only determined empirically. the small size of the animals often requires a higher dose per kilogram bodyweight compared ... | 2017 | 28097286 |
| visual stimulus speed does not influence the rapid emergence of direction selectivity in ferret visual cortex. | sensory experience is necessary for the development of some receptive field properties of neurons in primary sensory cortical areas. however, it remains unclear whether the parameters of an individual animal's experience play an instructive role and influence the tuning parameters of cortical sensory neurons as selectivity emerges, or rather whether experience merely permits the completion of processes that are fully seeded at the onset of experience. here we have examined whether the speed of v ... | 2017 | 28069921 |
| cell type-specific expression of foxp2 in the ferret and mouse retina. | although the anatomical and physiological properties of subtypes of retinal ganglion cells (rgcs) have been extensively investigated, their molecular properties are still unclear. here, we examined the expression patterns of foxp2 in the retina of ferrets and mice. we found that foxp2 was expressed in small subsets of neurons in the adult ferret retina. foxp2-positive neurons in the ganglion cell layer were divided into two groups. large foxp2-positive neurons expressed brn3a and were retrograde ... | 2017 | 27888071 |
| repeated unpredictable threats without harm impair spatial working memory in the barnes maze. | psychological stressors elicit the anticipation of homeostatic challenge, whereas physical stressors are direct threats to homeostasis. many rodent models of stress include both types of stressors, yet deficits, like those reported for working memory, are often attributed to psychological stress. to empirically test whether intermittent psychological stressors, such as repeated threats, are solely sufficient to impair spatial working memory, we developed a novel rodent model of stress that is re ... | 2017 | 27884756 |
| research on reproduction is essential for captive breeding of endangered carnivore species. | assisted reproductive technology (art) has great potential for conservation, but its successful application in captive breeding programmes of endangered species is often compromised by limited background on species' biology. although carnivore species benefit from knowledge obtained in domesticated species (dogs, cats and ferrets), the focus of research is different. in pet animals, research in reproduction has mainly been focused on ovarian function and contraception, although substantial progr ... | 2017 | 27862396 |
| behavioural benefits of multisensory processing in ferrets. | enhanced detection and discrimination, along with faster reaction times, are the most typical behavioural manifestations of the brain's capacity to integrate multisensory signals arising from the same object. in this study, we examined whether multisensory behavioural gains are observable across different components of the localization response that are potentially under the command of distinct brain regions. we measured the ability of ferrets to localize unisensory (auditory or visual) and spat ... | 2017 | 27740711 |
| effect of residual bacteria on the outcome of pulp regeneration in vivo. | it is not known to what extent residual infection may interfere with the success of pulp regeneration procedures. the aim of this study was to determine, radiographically and histologically, the effect of residual bacteria on the outcome of pulp regeneration mediated by a tissue-engineered construct as compared with traditional revascularization. periapical lesions were induced in 24 canine teeth of 6 ferrets. after disinfection with 1.25% naocl and triple antibiotic paste, ferret dental pulp st ... | 2017 | 27694153 |
| insights into the central pathways involved in the emetic and behavioural responses to exendin-4 in the ferret. | glp-1 receptor agonists are utilised for the treatment of type-2 diabetes but can be associated with undesirable effects of nausea and vomiting. | 2017 | 27692857 |
| the importance of systematic approaches in the study of emesis. | nausea and vomiting are among the most basic of human experiences and unfortunately accompany a wide variety of clinical treatments as side effects. despite decades of research, the neural mechanisms of nausea and vomiting (emesis) remain elusive. trpv1 represents a possibly overlooked and understudied pharmacological target with anti-emetic potential. | 2017 | 27227036 |
| the involvement of trpv1 in emesis and anti-emesis. | diverse transmitter systems (e.g. acetylcholine, dopamine, endocannabinoids, endorphins, glutamate, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, substance p) have been implicated in the pathways by which nausea and vomiting are induced and are targets for anti-emetic drugs (e.g. 5-hydroxytryptamine3 and tachykinin nk1 antagonists). the involvement of trpv1 in emesis was discovered in the early 1990s and may have been overlooked previously as trpv1 pharmacology was studied in rodents (mice, rats) lacking an e ... | 2017 | 27227028 |
| comparison of three preclinical models for nausea and vomiting assessment. | nausea is a subjective sensation often preceding emesis in humans. drug-induced nausea remains difficult to predict in preclinical tests. the aim of this study was to compare the effects of emetic agents in rats (pica behavior), ferrets (acute and delayed phases of emesis) or dogs (emesis and cardiovascular endpoints). | 2017 | 27477617 |
| climbing fiber regulation of spontaneous purkinje cell activity and cerebellum-dependent blink responses(1,2,3). | it has been known for a long time that gabaergic purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex, as well as their target neurons in the cerebellar nuclei, are spontaneously active. the cerebellar output will, therefore, depend on how input is integrated into this spontaneous activity. it has been shown that input from climbing fibers originating in the inferior olive controls the spontaneous activity in purkinje cells. while blocking climbing fiber input to the purkinje cells causes a dramatic increase ... | 2017 | 26839917 |
| nicotine-induced airway smooth muscle contraction: neural mechanisms involving the airway epithelium. functional and histologic studies in vitro. | to assess the mechanism of and the role of the epithelium in nicotine-induced bronchoconstriction in vitro, we performed a combined functional and histologic study. functional study: we suspended tracheal strips or rings from 16 ferrets (1124 +/- 561 g, mean +/- sd) in organ baths. alternate tracheal strips had their epithelium removed. dose-response curves to acetylcholine (ach) and nicotine were established for pairs of tissues with and without epithelium, each pair receiving only one dose of ... | 2017 | 1355677 |
| lack of relationship between the degree of induced gingival hyperplasia and the concentration of diphenylhydantoin in various tissues of ferrets. | 2017 | 4501305 | |
| distribution and metabolism of diphenylhydantoin in oral and nonoral tissues of ferrets. | 2017 | 4511308 | |
| comparisons of tracheostomy incisions in a pediatric model. | tracheostomy in children causes approximately twice the mortality and morbidity as in the adult. the occurrence of complications correlates closely with the severity of the preoperative tracheal disease, the length of time the tracheostomy is needed, and the age of the patient. morbidity documented in the postoperative period includes tracheal stenosis and collapsible anterior tracheal wall. the increased incidence of these problems in the pediatric patient may be related to the less rigid natur ... | 2017 | 4051401 |
| echocardiographic measurements in clinically healthy ferrets anesthetized with isoflurane. | two-dimensional, m4-mode, and color flow doppler echocardiography was performed in 29 (18 females, 11 males) clinically healthy ferrets anesthetized with isoflurane. m-mode measurements of the left ventricle, left atrial appendage diameter (laad), and aorta (ao) were obtained. the fractional shortening and laad/ao ratio were calculated. the values of the m-mode measurements were compared between the male and female ferrets using a student's t-test. no significant differences were found. the diff ... | 2016 | 15200261 |
| retrospective review of the ultrasonographic features of adrenal lesions in 21 ferrets. | clinical signs and follow-up information were recorded. histopathologic diagnoses were obtained for 25 adrenal glands in 21 ferrets. adrenal lesions included ten adenocarcinomas, nine adenomas, one hyperplasia and one cortical cyst. four adrenal glands (all right-sided) were diagnosed as unspecified adrenal tumors but lacked a definite histopathologic diagnosis (adenoma vs. adenocarcinoma) due to incomplete surgical resection and consequent small sample sizes. bilateral adrenal lesions were iden ... | 2016 | 10955499 |
| adrenal ultrasonography correlated with histopathology in ferrets. | the adrenal glands of twenty-six, 12- to 53-month-old, ferrets without clinical signs of adrenal disease were examined and measured by ultrasonography and the findings compared with those from gross examination and histopathology. of 51 adrenal glands examined, 27 were normal, 23 had either nodular or diffuse cortical hyperplasia and 1 had an adenocarcinoma. there was no statistically significant difference between the sonographic nor gross size of normal adrenal glands and those with hyperplasi ... | 2016 | 9238774 |
| activation of corticotropin releasing factor-containing neurons in the rat central amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis following exposure to two different anxiogenic stressors. | rats exposed to the odor of a predator or to the elevated plus maze (epm) express unique unconditioned fear behaviors. the extended amygdala has previously been demonstrated to mediate the response to both predator odor and the epm. we seek to determine if divergent amygdalar microcircuits are associated with the different behavioral responses. the current experiments compared activation of corticotropin-releasing factor (crf)-containing neuronal populations in the central amygdala and bed nucle ... | 2016 | 26821289 |
| developmental alcohol exposure leads to a persistent change on astrocyte secretome. | fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is the most common cause of mental disabilities in the western world. it has been quite established that acute alcohol exposure can dramatically affect astrocyte function. because the effects of early alcohol exposure on cell physiology can persist into adulthood, we tested the hypothesis that ethanol exposure in ferrets during a period equivalent to the last months of human gestation leads to persistent changes in astrocyte secretome in vitro. animals were treate ... | 2016 | 26801685 |
| effects of ginseng-spikenard heart-nourishing capsule on inactivation of c-type kv1.4 potassium channel. | this research is to explore the effects of traditional chinese medicine ginseng-spikenard heart-nourishing capsule on the inactivation of c-type kv1.4 channels (kv1.4∆n) in xenopus laevis oocytes with two-electrode voltageclamp technique. defolliculated oocytes (stage v-vi) were injected with transcribed crnas of ferret kv1.4δn channels. during recording, oocytes were continuously perfused with nd96 solution (control group) and solution prepared from ginseng-spikenard heart-nourishing capsule (e ... | 2016 | 27731805 |
| a ferret model of copd-related chronic bronchitis. | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is the third leading cause of death in the us. the majority of copd patients have symptoms of chronic bronchitis, which lacks specific therapies. a major impediment to therapeutic development has been the absence of animal models that recapitulate key clinical and pathologic features of human disease. ferrets are well suited for the investigation of the significance of respiratory diseases, given prior data indicating similarities to human airway phys ... | 2016 | 27699245 |
| optogenetic spatial and temporal control of cortical circuits on a columnar scale. | many circuits in the mammalian brain are organized in a topographic or columnar manner. these circuits could be activated-in ways that reveal circuit function or restore function after disease-by an artificial stimulation system that is capable of independently driving local groups of neurons. here we present a simple custom microscope called projectorscope 1 that incorporates off-the-shelf parts and a liquid crystal display (lcd) projector to stimulate surface brain regions that express channel ... | 2016 | 26631152 |
| cytological analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid acquired by bronchoscopy in healthy ferrets: a pilot study. | the objective of this study was to investigate the normal cytological evaluation of bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid in healthy adult ferrets (n = 12). these ferrets underwent bronchoscopy and bal using sterile saline [1.5 ml/kg body weight (bw)]. percentage of fluid recovered, total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count, and cell count of the epithelial lining fluid (elf) were determined. the mean percentage of lavage volume recovered from the right lung and left lung were 67.8 ± 14.9 ... | 2016 | 26733735 |
| voltage-sensitive dye imaging of neocortical activity. | neural computations underlying sensory perception, cognition, and motor control are performed by populations of neurons at different anatomical and temporal scales. few techniques are currently available for exploring the dynamics of local and large range populations. voltage-sensitive dye imaging (vsdi), based on organic voltage probes, reveals neural population activity in areas ranging from a few tens of micrometers to a couple of centimeters, or two areas up to ~10 cm apart. vsdi provides a ... | 2016 | 26729915 |
| multiscale computational model of fluid flow and matrix deformation in decellularized liver. | currently little is known about the biomechanical environment in decellularized tissue. the goal of this research is to quantify the mechanical microenvironment in decellularized liver, for varying organ-scale perfusion conditions, using a combined experimental/computational approach. needle-guided ultra-miniature pressure sensors were inserted into liver tissue to measure parenchymal fluid pressure ex-situ in portal vein-perfused native (n=5) and decellularized (n=7) ferret liver, for flow rate ... | 2016 | 26722987 |
| correction for moore et al., severity of clinical disease and pathology in ferrets experimentally infected with influenza viruses is influenced by inoculum volume. | 2016 | 26719560 | |
| emergence of a sylvatic enzootic formosan ferret badger-associated rabies in taiwan and the geographical separation of two phylogenetic groups of rabies viruses. | taiwan had been declared rabies-free in humans and domestic animals for five decades until july 2013, when surprisingly, three formosan ferret badgers (fb) were diagnosed with rabies. since then, a variety of wild carnivores and other wildlife species have been found dead, neurologically ill, or exhibiting aggressive behaviors around the island. to determine the affected animal species, geographic areas, and environments, animal bodies were examined for rabies by direct fluorescent antibody test ... | 2016 | 26711025 |
| upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in ferret and the histological assessment of the endoscopic biopsies. | 2016 | 26684485 | |
| structural and functional characterisation of ferret interleukin-2. | while the ferret is a valuable animal model for a number of human viral infections, such as influenza, hendra and nipah, evaluating the cellular immune response following infection has been hampered by the lack of a number of species-specific immunological reagents. interleukin 2 (il-2) is one such key cytokine. ferret recombinant il-2 incorporating a c-terminal histidine tag was expressed and purified and the three-dimensional structure solved and refined at 1.89 å by x-ray crystallography, whi ... | 2016 | 26472619 |
| the what, why, and how of born-open data. | although many researchers agree that scientific data should be open to scrutiny to ferret out poor analyses and outright fraud, most raw data sets are not available on demand. there are many reasons researchers do not open their data, and one is technical. it is often time consuming to prepare and archive data. in response, my laboratory has automated the process such that our data are archived the night they are created without any human approval or action. all data are versioned, logged, time ... | 2016 | 26428912 |
| epidemiological and virological findings during multiple outbreaks of equine influenza in south america in 2012. | in 2012, equine influenza (ei) virus was confirmed as the cause of outbreaks of respiratory disease in horses throughout south america. in uruguay and argentina, hundreds of vaccinated thoroughbred horses in training and racing facilities were clinically affected. | 2016 | 26406274 |
| soy isoflavone metabolism in cats compared with other species: urinary metabolite concentrations and glucuronidation by liver microsomes. | 1. soybean is a common source of protein in many pet foods. slow glucuronidation of soy-derived isoflavones in cats has been hypothesized to result in accumulation with adverse health consequences. here, we evaluated species' differences in soy isoflavone glucuronidation using urine samples from cats and dogs fed a soy-based diet and liver microsomes from cats compared with microsomes from 12 other species. 2. significant concentrations of conjugated (but not unconjugated) genistein, daidzein an ... | 2016 | 26366946 |
| effects of developmental alcohol and valproic acid exposure on play behavior of ferrets. | exposure to alcohol and valproic acid (vpa) during pregnancy can lead to fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and fetal valproate syndrome, respectively. altered social behavior is a hallmark of both these conditions and there is ample evidence showing that developmental exposure to alcohol and vpa affect social behavior in rodents. however, results from rodent models are somewhat difficult to translate to humans owing to the substantial differences in brain development, morphology, and connectivity ... | 2016 | 27208641 |
| a case of advanced second-degree atrioventricular block in a ferret secondary to lymphoma. | a female ferret was referred as an emergency for severe respiratory distress symptoms. at presentation, the patient was listlessness, dyspnoeic, and hyper-responsive. the clinical examination evidenced dyspnea with cyanosis, altered cardiac rhythm, and hepatomegaly. electrocardiography showed an advanced second-degree atrioventricular (av) block. the liver aspirate was diagnostic for lymphoma. the patient did not respond to supportive therapy and rapidly died. post-mortem exams confirmed the pre ... | 2016 | 27200273 |
| relating approach-to-target and detection tasks in animal psychoacoustics. | psychophysical experiments seek to measure the limits of perception. while straightforward in humans, in animals they are time consuming. choosing an appropriate task and interpreting measurements can be challenging. we investigated the localization of high-frequency auditory signals in noise using an "approach-to-target" task in ferrets, how task performance should be interpreted in terms of perception, and how the measurements relate to other types of tasks. to establish their general ability ... | 2016 | 27196623 |
| ferret: a user-friendly java tool to extract data from the 1000 genomes project. | the 1000 genomes (1kg) project provides a near-comprehensive resource on human genetic variation in worldwide reference populations. 1kg variants can be accessed through a browser and through the raw and annotated data that are regularly released on an ftp server. we developed ferret, a user-friendly java tool, to easily extract genetic variation information from these large and complex data files. from a locus, gene(s) or snp(s) of interest, ferret retrieves genotype data for 1kg snps and indel ... | 2016 | 27153588 |
| differential cortical laminar structure revealed by neun immunostaining and myeloarchitecture between sulcal and gyral regions independent of sexual dimorphisms in the ferret cerebrum. | the purpose of this study was to quantitatively clarify differences in laminar structure and myeloarchitecture of sulcal and gyral regions of the cerebral cortex of ferrets. histological sections of cerebrum from male and female ferrets at postnatal day 90 were made at the coronal plane, and were immunostained with anti-neun or anti-myelin basic protein (mbp). thickness was estimated in the entire depth or three strata, that is, layer i, outer (layers ii-iii) and inner (layers iv-vi) strata of t ... | 2016 | 27144367 |
| medical and surgical emergencies in ferrets. | in the last few years, significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment of ferret emergencies has occurred. scientific advances demonstrated the need of specific practices when dealing with emergencies in ferrets. the risk of overdiagnosis of hypoglycemia with human portable blood glucose meters is a clear example. the purpose of this article is to describe the current approach to common medical and surgical emergencies in ferrets. | 2016 | 27131159 |
| white matter microstructure from nonparametric axon diameter distribution mapping. | we report the development of a double diffusion encoding (dde) mri method to estimate and map the axon diameter distribution (add) within an imaging volume. a variety of biological processes, ranging from development to disease and trauma, may lead to changes in the add in the central and peripheral nervous systems. unlike previously proposed methods, this add experimental design and estimation framework employs a more general, nonparametric approach, without a priori assumptions about the under ... | 2016 | 27126002 |
| magnesium sulfate treatment for juvenile ferrets following induction of hydrocephalus with kaolin. | previous work with 3-week hydrocephalic rats showed that white matter damage could be reduced by the calcium channel antagonist magnesium sulfate (mgso4). we hypothesized that mgso4 therapy would improve outcomes in ferrets with hydrocephalus induced with kaolin at 15 days. | 2016 | 27121710 |
| an improved microrna annotation of the canine genome. | the domestic dog, canis familiaris, is a valuable model for studying human diseases. the publication of the latest canine genome build and annotation, canfam3.1 provides an opportunity to enhance our understanding of gene regulation across tissues in the dog model system. in this study, we used the latest dog genome assembly and small rna sequencing data from 9 different dog tissues to predict novel mirnas in the dog genome, as well as to annotate conserved mirnas from the mirbase database that ... | 2016 | 27119849 |
| tobacco carcinogen induces both lung cancer and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinomas in ferrets which can be attenuated by lycopene supplementation. | early epidemiologic studies have reported that tobacco smoking, which is causally associated with liver cancer, is an independent risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (nafld). lycopene from tomatoes has been shown to be a potential preventive agent against nafld and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). in the present study, we investigated whether the tobacco carcinogen 4-(n-methyl-n-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk) induces lesions in both lungs and livers of ferrets with or ... | 2016 | 27116542 |
| coronavirus infection in ferrets: antigen distribution and inflammatory response. | multisystemic granulomatous lesions are the most common finding in ferrets infected by ferret systemic coronavirus (frscv). to characterize the inflammatory response developed against this virus, lesions from 4 naturally infected ferrets were examined. lesions were classified into the 4 known types of granulomas (granulomas without necrosis [g], granulomas with necrosis [g-n], granulomas with neutrophils [g-nl], and diffuse granulomatous inflammation [dg]). the cellular composition of the lesion ... | 2016 | 27106741 |
| spatial organization of astrocytes in ferret visual cortex. | astrocytes form an intricate partnership with neural circuits to influence numerous cellular and synaptic processes. one prominent organizational feature of astrocytes is the "tiling" of the brain with non-overlapping territories. there are some documented species and brain region-specific astrocyte specializations, but the extent of astrocyte diversity and circuit specificity are still unknown. we quantitatively defined the rules that govern the spatial arrangement of astrocyte somata and terri ... | 2016 | 27072916 |
| oral modeling of an adenovirus-based quadrivalent influenza vaccine in ferrets and mice. | oral vaccines delivered as tablets offer a number of advantages over traditional parenteral-based vaccines including the ease of delivery, lack of needles, no need for trained medical personnel, and the ability to formulate into temperature-stable tablets. we have been evaluating an oral vaccine platform based on recombinant adenoviral vectors for the purpose of creating a prophylactic vaccine to prevent influenza, and have demonstrated vaccine efficacy in animal models and substantial immunogen ... | 2016 | 27071663 |
| cerebral cortex expansion and folding: what have we learned? | one of the most prominent features of the human brain is the fabulous size of the cerebral cortex and its intricate folding. cortical folding takes place during embryonic development and is important to optimize the functional organization and wiring of the brain, as well as to allow fitting a large cortex in a limited cranial volume. pathological alterations in size or folding of the human cortex lead to severe intellectual disability and intractable epilepsy. hence, cortical expansion and fold ... | 2016 | 27056680 |
| dorso-lateral frontal cortex of the ferret encodes perceptual difficulty during visual discrimination. | visual discrimination requires sensory processing followed by a perceptual decision. despite a growing understanding of visual areas in this behavior, it is unclear what role top-down signals from prefrontal cortex play, in particular as a function of perceptual difficulty. to address this gap, we investigated how neurons in dorso-lateral frontal cortex (dl-fc) of freely-moving ferrets encode task variables in a two-alternative forced choice visual discrimination task with high- and low-contrast ... | 2016 | 27025995 |
| behavioral training promotes multiple adaptive processes following acute hearing loss. | the brain possesses a remarkable capacity to compensate for changes in inputs resulting from a range of sensory impairments. developmental studies of sound localization have shown that adaptation to asymmetric hearing loss can be achieved either by reinterpreting altered spatial cues or by relying more on those cues that remain intact. adaptation to monaural deprivation in adulthood is also possible, but appears to lack such flexibility. here we show, however, that appropriate behavioral trainin ... | 2016 | 27008181 |
| endocrinopathy and aging in ferrets. | ferrets have become more popular as household pets and as animal models in biomedical research in the past 2 decades. the average life span of ferrets is about 5-11 years with onset of geriatric diseases between 3-4 years including endocrinopathies, neoplasia, gastrointestinal diseases, cardiomyopathy, splenomegaly, renal diseases, dental diseases, and cataract. endocrinopathies are the most common noninfectious disease affecting middle-aged and older ferrets. spontaneous neoplasms affecting the ... | 2016 | 26936751 |
| behavioural estimates of auditory filter widths in ferrets using notched-noise maskers. | frequency selectivity is a fundamental property of hearing which affects almost all aspects of auditory processing. here auditory filter widths at 1, 3, 7, and 10 khz were estimated from behavioural thresholds using the notched-noise method [patterson, nimmo-smith, weber, and milroy, j. acoust. soc. am. 72, 1788-1803 (1982)] in ferrets. the mean bandwidth was 21% of the signal frequency, excluding wider bandwidths at 1 khz (65%). they were comparable although on average broader than equivalent m ... | 2016 | 26936579 |
| establishment of serological test to detect antibody against ferret coronavirus. | since there is no available serological methods to detect antibodies to ferret coronavirus (frcov), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using recombinant partial nucleocapsid (n) proteins of the ferret coronavirus (frcov) yamaguchi-1 strain was developed to establish a serological method for detection of frcov infection. many serum samples collected from ferrets recognized both a.a. 1-179 and a.a. 180-374 of the n protein, but two serum samples did not a.a. 180-374 of the n protein. thi ... | 2016 | 26935842 |
| encoding of natural sounds by variance of the cortical local field potential. | neural encoding of sensory stimuli is typically studied by averaging neural signals across repetitions of the same stimulus. however, recent work has suggested that the variance of neural activity across repeated trials can also depend on sensory inputs. here we characterize how intertrial variance of the local field potential (lfp) in primary auditory cortex of awake ferrets is affected by continuous natural sound stimuli. we find that natural sounds often suppress the intertrial variance of lo ... | 2016 | 26912594 |
| the value of integrating pre-clinical data to predict nausea and vomiting risk in humans as illustrated by azd3514, a novel androgen receptor modulator. | nausea and vomiting are components of a complex mechanism that signals food avoidance and protection of the body against the absorption of ingested toxins. this response can also be triggered by pharmaceuticals. predicting clinical nausea and vomiting liability for pharmaceutical agents based on pre-clinical data can be problematic as no single animal model is a universal predictor. moreover, efforts to improve models are hampered by the lack of translational animal and human data in the public ... | 2016 | 26876616 |
| using the ferret as an animal model for investigating influenza antiviral effectiveness. | the concern of the emergence of a pandemic influenza virus has sparked an increased effort toward the development and testing of novel influenza antivirals. central to this is the animal model of influenza infection, which has played an important role in understanding treatment effectiveness and the effect of antivirals on host immune responses. among the different animal models of influenza, ferrets can be considered the most suitable for antiviral studies as they display most of the human-like ... | 2016 | 26870031 |
| a transient metabolic recovery from early life glucose intolerance in cystic fibrosis ferrets occurs during pancreatic remodeling. | cystic fibrosis (cf)-related diabetes in humans is intimately related to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, yet little is known about how these 2 disease processes simultaneously evolve in cf. in this context, we examined cf ferrets during the evolution of exocrine pancreatic disease. at 1 month of age, cf ferrets experienced a glycemic crisis with spontaneous diabetic-level hyperglycemia. this occurred during a spike in pancreatic inflammation that was preceded by pancreatic fibrosis and loss o ... | 2016 | 26862997 |
| inhibition of airway surface fluid absorption by cholinergic stimulation. | in upper airways airway surface liquid (asl) depth and clearance rates are both increased by fluid secretion. secretion is opposed by fluid absorption, mainly via the epithelial sodium channel, enac. in static systems, increased fluid depth activates enac and decreased depth inhibits it, suggesting that secretion indirectly activates enac to reduce asl depth. we propose an alternate mechanism in which cholinergic input, which causes copious airway gland secretion, also inhibits enac-mediated abs ... | 2016 | 26846701 |
| profile of antiemetic activity of netupitant alone or in combination with palonosetron and dexamethasone in ferrets and suncus murinus (house musk shrew). | chemotherapy-induced acute and delayed emesis involves the activation of multiple pathways, with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht; serotonin) playing a major role in the initial response. substance p tachykinin nk1 receptor antagonists can reduce emesis induced by disparate emetic challenges and therefore have a clinical utility as broad inhibitory anti-emetic drugs. in the present studies, we investigate the broad inhibitory anti-emetic profile of a relatively new nk1 receptor antagonist, netupitant, ... | 2016 | 27630563 |
| oscillatory dynamics in the frontoparietal attention network during sustained attention in the ferret. | sustained attention requires the coordination of neural activity across multiple cortical areas in the frontoparietal network, in particular the prefrontal cortex (pfc) and posterior parietal cortex (ppc). previous work has demonstrated that activity in these brain regions is coordinated by neuronal oscillations of the local field potential (lfp). however, the underlying coordination of activity in terms of organization of single unit (su) spiking activity has remained poorly understood, particu ... | 2016 | 27626658 |
| the controlled cortical impact model of experimental brain trauma: overview, research applications, and protocol. | controlled cortical impact (cci) is a commonly used and highly regarded model of brain trauma that uses a pneumatically or electromagnetically controlled piston to induce reproducible and well-controlled injury. the cci model was originally used in ferrets and it has since been scaled for use in many other species. this chapter will describe the historical development of the cci model, compare and contrast the pneumatic and electromagnetic models, and summarize key short- and long-term consequen ... | 2016 | 27604719 |
| sterilizing immunity to influenza virus infection requires local antigen-specific t cell response in the lungs. | sterilizing immunity is a unique immune status, which prevents effective virus infection into the host. it is different from the immunity that allows infection but with subsequent successful eradication of the virus. pre-infection induces sterilizing immunity to homologous influenza virus challenge in ferret. in our antigen-specific experimental system, mice pre-infected with pr8 influenza virus through nasal route are likewise resistant to reinfection of the same strain of virus. the virus is c ... | 2016 | 27596047 |
| resting state network topology of the ferret brain. | resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfmri) has emerged as a versatile tool for non-invasive measurement of functional connectivity patterns in the brain. rsfmri brain dynamics in rodents, non-human primates, and humans share similar properties; however, little is known about the resting state functional connectivity patterns in the ferret, an animal model with high potential for developmental and cognitive translational study. to address this knowledge-gap, we performed rsfmri ... | 2016 | 27596024 |
| the second spiking threshold: dynamics of laminar network spiking in the visual cortex. | most neurons have a threshold separating the silent non-spiking state and the state of producing temporal sequences of spikes. but neurons in vivo also have a second threshold, found recently in granular layer neurons of the primary visual cortex, separating spontaneous ongoing spiking from visually evoked spiking driven by sharp transients. here we examine whether this second threshold exists outside the granular layer and examine details of transitions between spiking states in ferrets exposed ... | 2016 | 27582693 |
| developing a de novo targeted knock-in method based on in utero electroporation into the mammalian brain. | genome-editing technology has revolutionized the field of biology. here, we report a novel de novo gene-targeting method mediated by in utero electroporation into the developing mammalian brain. electroporation of donor dna with the crispr/cas9 system vectors successfully leads to knock-in of the donor sequence, such as egfp, to the target site via the homology-directed repair mechanism. we developed a targeting vector system optimized to prevent anomalous leaky expression of the donor gene from ... | 2016 | 27578183 |
| zeroing in on cost-cutting. organizations on 100 top hospitals list use data and standardization to ferret out savings. | 2016 | 27526470 | |
| viral injection and cranial window implantation for in vivo two-photon imaging. | two-photon (2p) imaging has proven to be a powerful tool for investigating neural structure and function both in brain slices and in intact systems. in vivo 2p imaging presents significant challenges in sample preparation, which are exacerbated in non-murine species. here, we describe procedures for the effective virally mediated labeling of neurons and for the implantation of cranial windows for imaging. the procedures described here are applicable to a range of species, including mice, and are ... | 2016 | 27515080 |
| spatiotemporal features of retinal waves instruct the wiring of the visual circuitry. | coordinated spontaneous activity is present in different sensory systems during early stages of development. this activity is thought to play a critical role in the development of sensory representations before the maturation of sensory experience. in the visual system, the mechanisms by which spatiotemporal properties of retinal spontaneous activity, called retinal waves, drive developmental events has been well studied. recent advancements in pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic manipulat ... | 2016 | 27507937 |
| polychlorinated biphenyls in settled dust from informal electronic waste recycling workshops and nearby highways in urban centers and suburban industrial roadsides of chennai city, india: levels, congener profiles and exposure assessment. | polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were quantified in settled dust collected from informal electronic waste (e-waste) recycling workshops and nearby highways in the urban centers and roadside dust from the suburban industrial belt of chennai city in india. further dust samples were subjected to a high resolution field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (fesem/edx) to characterize the shape, size and elemental composition of the dust particle ... | 2016 | 27503630 |
| anatomy and disorders of the oral cavity of ferrets and other exotic companion carnivores. | exotic companion carnivores such as ferrets, skunks, fennec foxes, coatimundis, raccoons, and kinkajous presented in clinical practice share similar dental anatomy, function, and diseases. the domestic ferret serves as the representative species for this group with its anatomy, diseases, and conditions described in detail. dog and cat guidelines for veterinary and home care seem to be relevant and applicable, including dental endodontic procedures. annual or biannual dental examinations and prop ... | 2016 | 27497211 |
| functional connectivity of resting hemodynamic signals in submillimeter orientation columns of the visual cortex. | resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging has been increasingly used for examining connectivity across brain regions. the spatial scale by which hemodynamic imaging can resolve functional connections at rest remains unknown. to examine this issue, deoxyhemoglobin-weighted intrinsic optical imaging data were acquired from the visual cortex of lightly anesthetized ferrets. the neural activity of orientation domains, which span a distance of 0.7-0.8 mm, has been shown to be correlated dur ... | 2016 | 27461173 |
| a review of radiation-induced coagulopathy and new findings to support potential prevention strategies and treatments. | results from our recent studies have led to the novel hypothesis that radiation-induced coagulopathy (ric) and associated hemorrhage occurring as part of the acute radiation syndrome (ars) is a major cause of death resulting from radiation exposure in large mammals, including humans. this article contains information related to ric, as well as potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of ric. in addition, new findings are reported here on the occurrence of ric biomarkers in humans ex ... | 2016 | 27459701 |