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complete genome sequence of the biofilm-forming microbacterium sp. strain bh-3-3-3, isolated from conventional field-grown lettuce (lactuca sativa) in norway.the genus microbacterium contains bacteria that are ubiquitously distributed in various environments and includes plant-associated bacteria that are able to colonize tissue of agricultural crop plants. here, we report the 3,508,491 bp complete genome sequence of microbacterium sp. strain bh-3-3-3, isolated from conventionally grown lettuce (lactuca sativa) from a field in vestfold, norway. the nucleotide sequence of this genome was deposited into ncbi genbank under the accession cp017674.201727900265
biocidal compounds from mentha sp. essential oils and their structure-activity relationships.essential oils from greek mentha species showed different chemical compositions for two populations of m. pulegium, characterized by piperitone and pulegone. mentha spicata essential oil was characterized by endocyclic piperitenone epoxide, piperitone epoxide, and carvone. the bioactivities of these essential oils and their components have been tested against insect pests (leptinotarsa decemlineata, spodoptera littoralis and myzus persicae), root-knot nematodes (meloydogine javanica) and plants ...201727770481
volatiles emitted by bacillus sp. bct9 act as growth modulating agents on lactuca sativa seedlings.chemical products are applied during horticulture to increase food production, but the environmental problems resulting from these applications have led to a search for more sustainable products. volatile organic compounds (vocs) demonstrating plant growth promoter (pgp) activity released by bacterial species have emerged as alternatives, but their effects on lactuca sativa growth are unknown. in this study, vocs released by bacillus sp. bct9 cultures grown in different media (methyl red & voges ...201728754207
differences in internalization and growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 within the apoplast of edible plants, spinach and lettuce, compared with the model species nicotiana benthamiana.internalization of food-borne bacteria into edible parts of fresh produce plants represents a serious health risk. therefore, internalization of verocytotoxigenic e. coli o157:h7 isolate sakai was assessed in two species associated with outbreaks, spinach (spinacia oleracea) and lettuce (lactuca sativa) and compared to the model species nicotiana benthamiana. internalization occurred in the leaves and roots of spinach and lettuce throughout a 10 day time-course. the plant species, tissue type an ...201728169510
new pesticidal diterpenoids from vellozia gigantea (velloziaceae), an endemic neotropical plant living in the endangered brazilian biome rupestrian grasslands.vellozia gigantea is a rare, ancient, and endemic neotropical plant present in the brazilian rupestrian grasslands. the dichloromethane extract of v. gigantea adventitious roots was phytotoxic against lactuca sativa, agrostis stolonifera, and lemna paucicostata, and showed larvicidal activity against aedes aegypti. phytotoxicity bioassay-directed fractionation of the extract revealed one new isopimaradiene, 8(9),15-isopimaradien-1,3,7,11-tetraone, and three new cleistanthane diterpenoids, 7-oxo- ...201728117710
phytotoxic phenylpropanoids isolated from ophryosporus charua (griseb.) hieron.bioguided isolation of the etoh extract from the medicinal native plant, ophryosporus charua, against raphanus sativus, yielded three phenylpropanoids, charuol a [(z)-4-((1s,2r)-3-acetoxy-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)phenyl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate], charuepoxide [(z)-4-((2s,3r)-3-(acetoxymethyl oxiran-2-yl)phenyl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate] and charuol b [(z)-4-((1r,2r)-3-acetoxy-1,2-dihydroxypropyl)phenyl) 2-methylbut-2-enoate]. their structures and absolute configuration were established by extensive spectros ...201728279523
toxic effects of environmental pollutants: comparative investigation using allium cepa l. and lactuca sativa l.studies that help understand the mechanisms of action of environmental pollutants are extremely important in environmental toxicology. in this context, assays using plants as models stand out for their simplicity and low performance cost. among the plants used for this purpose, allium cepa l. is the model most commonly applied for cytogenotoxic tests, while lactuca sativa l., already widely used in phytotoxic investigations, has been gaining prominence in cytotoxic analyses. the present study ai ...201728340458
toxicity and genotoxicity assessment in sediments from the matanza-riachuelo river basin (argentina) under the influence of heavy metals and organic contaminants.the aim of this study was to investigate the parameters of chemical extraction associated with the detection of toxicity and genotoxicity in sediment sample extracts. quantitative analysis of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), together with a battery of four bioassays, was performed in order to evaluate the extraction efficiency of inorganic and organic toxicants. the extracts were carried out using two inorganic solvents, two organic solvents and two extraction methodologies, m ...201727764694
allelopathic activity of extracts from different brazilian peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) cultivars on lettuce (lactuca sativa) and weed plants.peanut (arachis hypogaea l.) is the fourth most consumed oleaginous plant in the world, producing seeds with high contents of lipids, proteins, vitamins, and carbohydrates. biological activities of different extracts of this species have already been evaluated by many researchers, including antioxidant, antitumoral, and antibacterial. in this work, the allelopathic activity of extracts from different brazilian peanut cultivars against lettuce (lactuca sativa) and two weed plants (commelina bengh ...201728396881
systemic allergic dermatitis caused by sesquiterpene lactones.patients with compositae sensitization are routinely warned against the ingestion of vegetables, spices, teas and herbal remedies from this family of plants. the evidence for the occurrence of systemic allergic dermatitis caused by sesquiterpene lactone-containing plants is mostly anecdotal and based on statements from patients rather than scientific data. however, a few clinical reports on accidental sensitization and exposure and oral challenge prove the existence of this kind of reaction, mos ...201727568784
asparagus decline: autotoxicity and autotoxic compounds in asparagus rhizomes.asparagus (asparagus officinalis l.) is a perennial vegetable, but its crop productivity and quality decrease gradually. one possible reason for "asparagus decline" is thought to be the autotoxicity of asparagus. however, the autotoxic property of asparagus rhizomes remains unknown. the objective of this study was to determine the potential role of rhizomes in the autotoxicity of asparagus. an aqueous methanol extract of asparagus rhizomes inhibited the growth of asparagus seedlings and six othe ...201728314158
radionuclides: accumulation and transport in plants.application of radioactive elements or radionuclides for anthropogenic use is a widespread phenomenon nowadays. radionuclides undergo radioactive decays releasing ionizing radiation like gamma ray(s) and/or alpha or beta particles that can displace electrons in the living matter (like in dna) and disturb its function. radionuclides are highly hazardous pollutants of considerable impact on the environment, food chain and human health. cleaning up of the contaminated environment through plants is ...201727300012
transfer and expression of the rabbit defensin np-1 gene in lettuce (lactuca sativa).lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is an annual plant of the daisy family, asteraceae, with high food and medicinal value. however, the crop is susceptible to several viruses that are transmitted by aphids and is highly vulnerable to post-harvest diseases, as well as insect and mammal pests and fungal and bacterial diseases. here, the rabbit defensin gene np-1 was transferred into lettuce by agrobacterium-mediated transformation to obtain a broad-spectrum disease-resistant lettuce. transgenic lettuce p ...201728128415
synthesis of a new allelopathic agent from the biotransformation of ent-15α-hydroxy-16-kauren-19-oic acid with fusarium proliferatum.the use of kaurane diterpenes as substrates in fungal biotransformation to achieve bioactive compounds has been widely reported. in this work, the natural product kaurenoic acid, a diterpene widely distributed in the plant kingdom, was chemically converted into ent-15α-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (1). substrate 1 was subjected to biotransformation by the fungus fusarium proliferatum, furnishing a new derivative, ent-2α,15α-dihydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (2). the structure of metabolite 2 wa ...201728278633
synergistic action of a microbial-based biostimulant and a plant derived-protein hydrolysate enhances lettuce tolerance to alkalinity and salinity.in the coming years, farmers will have to deal with growing crops under suboptimal conditions dictated by global climate changes. the application of plant biostimulants such as beneficial microorganisms and plant-derived protein hydrolysates (phs) may represent an interesting approach for increasing crop tolerance to alkalinity and salinity. the current research aimed at elucidating the agronomical, physiological, and biochemical effects as well as the changes in mineral composition of greenhous ...201728223995
molecular mapping of high resistance to bacterial leaf spot in lettuce pi 358001-1.lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is a diploid (2n = 18) with a genome size of 2,600 mbp, and belongs to the family compositae. bacterial leaf spot (bls), caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians, is a major disease of lettuce worldwide. leaf lettuce pi 358001-1 has been characterized as an accession highly resistant to bls and has white seed. in order to understand inheritance of the high resistance in this germplasm line, an f3 population consisting of 163 families was developed from the cross p ...201627454703
[enteroparasite determination in lactuca sativa from farms dedicated to its production in pasto, colombia].currently, vegetables like lettuce are widely recommended as part of the daily diet given their high nutritional value; however, while consumers feel attracted to the benefits provided by the vegetable, they may also be exposed to parasitic intestinal infections.201627992979
elicitation effect of saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast extract on main health-promoting compounds and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of butter lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).this paper presents a study on changes in the main phytochemical levels and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of lettuce caused by different doses and times of application of yeast extracts.201626265467
investigating the ability of pseudomonas fluorescens uw4 to reduce cadmium stress in lactuca sativa via an intervention in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway.a typical plant response to any biotic or abiotic stress, including cadmium (cd), involves increased ethylene synthesis, which causes senescence of the affected plant part. stressed plants can experience reduced ethylene and improved growth if they are inoculated with bacteria that have the enzyme acc deaminase, which metabolizes the ethylene precursor acc (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate). we investigated whether one such bacterium, pseudomonas fluorescens uw4, reduces the production of ethyl ...201627759425
diversity and evolutionary history of lettuce necrotic yellows virus in australia and new zealand.lettuce necrotic yellows virus (lnyv) is the type member of the genus cytorhabdovirus, family rhabdoviridae, and causes a severe disease of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). this virus has been described as endemic to australia and new zealand, with sporadic reports of a similar virus in europe. genetic variability studies of plant-infecting rhabdoviruses are scarce. we have extended a previous study on the variability of the lnyv nucleocapsid gene, comparing sequences from isolates sampled from both ...201626526146
the incidence and distribution of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat vegetables in south-western nigeria.the study investigated the incidence of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (rte) vegetables: (cucumber, cucumis sativas; cabbage, brassica olerecea; carrot, daucus carota; tomato, solanum lycopersicum; lettuce, lactuca sativa) in six states in south-western nigeria. a total of 555 composite samples were collected from 30 traditional markets within the states and only 244 l. monocytogenes species were isolated by standard methods. the incidence of l. monocytogenes was low and not statisticall ...201626788311
camv-35s promoter sequence-specific dna methylation in lettuce.we found 35s promoter sequence-specific dna methylation in lettuce. additionally, transgenic lettuce plants having a modified 35s promoter lost methylation, suggesting the modified sequence is subjected to the methylation machinery. we previously reported that cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter-specific dna methylation in transgenic gentian (gentiana triflora × g. scabra) plants occurs irrespective of the copy number and the genomic location of t-dna, and causes strong gene silencing. to conf ...201626373653
whole-transcriptome analysis of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o157:h7 (sakai) suggests plant-species-specific metabolic responses on exposure to spinach and lettuce extracts.verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) can contaminate crop plants, potentially using them as secondary hosts, which can lead to food-borne infection. currently, little is known about the influence of the specific plant species on the success of bacterial colonization. as such, we compared the ability of the vtec strain, e. coli o157:h7 'sakai,' to colonize the roots and leaves of four leafy vegetables: spinach (spinacia oleracea), lettuce (lactuca sativa), vining green pea (pisum sativum), a ...201627462311
biosurfactant produced by salmonella enteritidis se86 can increase adherence and resistance to sanitizers on lettuce leaves (lactuca sativa l., cichoraceae).salmonella enteritidis se86 is an important foodborne pathogen in southern brazil and it is able to produce a biosurfactant. however, the importance of this compound for the microorganism is still unknown. this study aimed to investigate the influence of the biosurfactant produced by s. enteritidis se86 on adherence to slices of lettuce leaves and on resistance to sanitizers. first, lettuce leaves were inoculated with s. enteritidis se86 in order to determine the amount of biosurfactant produced ...201626834727
transformation of lactuca sativa l. with rol c gene results in increased antioxidant potential and enhanced analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antidepressant activities in vivo.lettuce is an important edible crop which possesses various medicinal properties. in this study lactuca sativa l. (cv grand rapids) was transformed by agrobacterium-mediated transformation with rol c gene. transgene integration and expression was confirmed through pcr and semiquantitative rt-pcr. the transformed extracts were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant and in vivo analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antidepressant activities in rats. the transformed plants showed 53-98 % increase in t ...201628330287
transient protein expression by agroinfiltration in lettuce.current systems of recombinant protein production include bacterial, insect, and mammalian cell culture. however, these platforms are expensive to build and operate at commercial scales and/or have limited abilities to produce complex proteins. in recent years, plant-based expression systems have become top candidates for the production of recombinant proteins as they are highly scalable, robust, safe, and can produce complex proteins due to having a eukaryotic endomembrane system. newly develop ...201626614281
parasitic contamination of fresh vegetables sold at central markets in khartoum state, sudan.fresh vegetables are considered as vital nutrients of a healthy diet as they supply the body with essential supplements. the consumption of raw vegetables is the main way for transmission of intestinal parasitic organisms. this study was aimed at detecting the parasitic contamination in fresh vegetables sold in two central open-aired markets in khartoum state, sudan.201626968696
gibberellins producing bacillus methylotrophicus ke2 supports plant growth and enhances nutritional metabolites and food values of lettuce.the nutritional quality of green leafy vegetables can be enhanced by application of plant beneficial micro-organisms. the present study was aimed to increase the food values of lettuce leaves by bacterial treatment. we isolated bacterial strain ke2 from kimchi food and identified as bacillus methylotrophicus by phylogenetic analysis. the beneficial effect of b. methylotrophicus ke2 on plants was confirmed by increasing the percentage of seed germination of lactuca sativa l., cucumis melo l., gly ...201627721133
comparative transcriptome analysis of the biocontrol strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 as response to biofilm formation analyzed by rna sequencing.the strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 is a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (pgpr) and biocontrol agent known to keep infections of lettuce (lactuca sativa) by the phytopathogen rhizoctonia solani down. several mechanisms, including the production of secondary metabolites possessing antimicrobial properties and induction of the host plant's systemic resistance (isr), were proposed to explain the biocontrol effect of the strain. b. amyloliquefaciens fzb42 is able to form plaques (biofi ...201627312701
prevalence of entomophthoralean fungi (entomophthoromycota) of aphids in relation to developmental stages.transmission of fungal pathogens of aphids may be affected by the host developmental stage. brassica and lactuca sativa l. crops were sampled in santa fe, argentina, to determine the prevalence of fungal-diseased aphids and investigate the differences between developmental stages of aphids.201626577724
development of phytotoxicity indexes and their correlation with ecotoxicological, stability and physicochemical parameters during passive composting of poultry manure.both raw and composted poultry manure is applied as soil amendment. the aims of this study were: (1) to develop phytotoxicity indexes for organic wastes and composts, and (2) to assess the correlation among phytotoxicity indexes, ecotoxicological endpoints and stability and physicochemical parameters during passive composting of poultry manure. six 2-m(3) composting piles were constructed and four parameter groups (physicochemical and microbiological parameters, ecotoxicological endpoints, and b ...201627185192
impact of mulches and growing season on indicator bacteria survival during lettuce cultivation.in fresh produce production, the use of mulches as ground cover to retain moisture and control weeds is a common agricultural practice, but the influence that various mulches have on enteric pathogen survival and dispersal is unknown. the goal of this study was to assess the impact of different mulching methods on the survival of soil and epiphytic fecal indicator bacteria on organically grown lettuce during different growing seasons. organically managed lettuce, cultivated with various ground c ...201626938806
incidence of lettuce mosaic virus in lettuce and its detection by polyclonal antibodies produced against recombinant coat protein expressed in escherichia coli.lettuce mosaic virus (lmv), a member of the genus potyvirus of family potyviridae, causes mosaic disease in lettuce has recently been identified in india. the virus is seed borne and secondary infection occurs through aphids. to ensure virus freedom in seeds it is important to develop diagnostic tools, for serological methods the production of polyclonal antibodies is a prerequisite. the coat protein (cp) gene of lmv was amplified, cloned and expressed using pet-28a vector in escherichia coli bl ...201626850143
cadmium accumulation in leaves of leafy vegetables.leafy vegetables have a relatively high potential for cd uptake and translocation, and are thus considered cd accumulators. for this reason, leaves and roots of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) and endive (cichorium endivia l.) plants, grown on different agricultural soils in campania region (southern italy), subjected to different fertilisation treatments (unfertilisation, compost amendment and mineral fertilisation), were analysed for cd concentrations. moreover, to clarify if the highest concentra ...201626004982
[isolation and identification of the flavon(ol)glycosides of the endive (cichorium endivia l.) and the lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) (author's transl)]. 20164277861
ecotoxicological assessment of glyphosate-based herbicides: effects on different organisms.glyphosate-based herbicides are the most commonly used worldwide because they are effective and relatively nontoxic to nontarget species. unlimited and uncontrolled use of such pesticides can have serious consequences for human health and ecological balance. the present study evaluated the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of 2 glyphosate-based formulations, roundup original (roundup) and glyphosate akb 480 (akb), on different organisms: cucumber (cucumis sativus), lettuce (lactuca sativa), and to ...201627517480
characterization of s-nitrosoglutathione reductase from brassica and lactuca spp. and its modulation during plant development.cellular homeostasis of s-nitrosoglutathione (gsno), a major cache of nitric oxide bioactivity in plants, is controlled by the nadh-dependent s-nitrosoglutathione reductase (gsnor) belonging to the family of class iii alcohol dehydrogenases (ec 1.1.1.1). gsnor is a key regulator of s-nitrosothiol metabolism and is involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. this study was focused on gsnor from two important crop plants, cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis, bogsnor) and l ...201627940345
phytohormone profile in lactuca sativa and brassica oleracea plants grown under zn deficiency.phytohormones, structurally diverse compounds, are involved in multiple processes within plants, such as controlling plant growth and stress response. zn is an essential micronutrient for plants and its deficiency causes large economic losses in crops. therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the role of phytohormones in the zn-deficiency response of two economically important species, i.e. lactuca sativa and brassica oleracea. for this, these two species were grown hydroponically wit ...201627543253
comparative study of zn deficiency in l. sativa and b. oleracea plants: nh4(+) assimilation and nitrogen derived protective compounds.zinc (zn) deficiency is a major problem in agricultural crops of many world regions. n metabolism plays an essential role in plants and changes in their availability and their metabolism could seriously affect crop productivity. the main objective of the present work was to perform a comparative analysis of different strategies against zn deficiency between two plant species of great agronomic interest such as lactuca sativa cv. phillipus and brassica oleracea cv. bronco. for this, both species ...201627181942
review of anthraquinone applications for pest management and agricultural crop protection.we have reviewed published anthraquinone applications for international pest management and agricultural crop protection from 1943 to 2016. anthraquinone (aq) is commonly found in dyes, pigments and many plants and organisms. avian repellent research with aq began in the 1940s. in the context of pest management, aq is currently used as a chemical repellent, perch deterrent, insecticide and feeding deterrent in many wild birds, and in some mammals, insects and fishes. criteria for evaluation of e ...201627252044
effects of co-cropping bidens pilosa (l.) and tagetes minuta (l.) on bioaccumulation of pb in lactuca sativa (l.) growing in polluted agricultural soils.polluted agricultural soils are a serious problem for food safety, with phytoremediation being the most favorable alternative from the environmental perspective. however, this methodology is generally time-consuming and requires the cessation of agriculture. therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate two potential phytoextractor plants (the native species bidens pilosa and tagetes minuta) co-cropped with lettuce growing on agricultural lead-polluted soils. the concentrations of pb, as ...201626940382
effects of biochar and alkaline amendments on cadmium immobilization, selected nutrient and cadmium concentrations of lettuce (lactuca sativa) in two contrasting soils.to assess the efficiency of seven treatments including biochars produced from dried faecal matter and manures as stabilizing agents of cadmium (cd)-spiked soils, lettuce was grown in glasshouse on two contrasting soils. the soils used were moderately fertile silty loam and less fertile sandy loam and the applied treatments were 7 % w/w. the reduction of bioavailable cd (ammonium nitrate extractable) and its phytoavailability for lettuce were used as assessment criteria in the evaluation of stabi ...201627047723
removal of phyto-accessible copper from contaminated soils using zero valent iron amendment and magnetic separation methods: assessment of residual toxicity using plant and metplate™ studies.zero valent iron (zvi) has been widely tested and used in remediation of both contaminated soils and groundwater, and in general, the in situ amendment of the contaminated media is used as remediation approach. however, concerns remain as to the potential detrimental effects of both the immobilized zvi and the adsorbed pollutants as the treated system could undergo transformations over time. accordingly, plans for soil remediation by in situ immobilization of sorbents should include a long-term ...201627661723
delay of germination1 (dog1) regulates both seed dormancy and flowering time through microrna pathways.seed germination and flowering, two critical developmental transitions in plant life cycles, are coordinately regulated by genetic and environmental factors to match plant establishment and reproduction to seasonal cues. the delay of germination1 (dog1) gene is involved in regulating seed dormancy in response to temperature and has also been associated genetically with pleiotropic flowering phenotypes across diverse arabidopsis thaliana accessions and locations. here we show that dog1 can regula ...201627035986
investigating a potential auxin-related mode of hormetic/inhibitory action of the phytotoxin parthenin.parthenin is a metabolite of parthenium hysterophorus and is believed to contribute to the weed's invasiveness via allelopathy. despite the potential of parthenin to suppress competitors, low doses stimulate plant growth. this biphasic action was hypothesized to be auxin-like and, therefore, an auxin-related mode of parthenin action was investigated using two approaches: joint action experiments with lactuca sativa, and dose-response experiments with auxin/antiauxin-resistant arabidopsis thalian ...201626686984
genetic variation for thermotolerance in lettuce seed germination is associated with temperature-sensitive regulation of ethylene response factor1 (erf1).seeds of most lettuce (lactuca sativa) cultivars are susceptible to thermoinhibition, or failure to germinate at temperatures above approximately 28°c, creating problems for crop establishment in the field. identifying genes controlling thermoinhibition would enable the development of cultivars lacking this trait and, therefore, being less sensitive to high temperatures during planting. seeds of a primitive accession (pi251246) of lettuce exhibited high-temperature germination capacity up to 33° ...201626574598
pyrolytic treatment and fertility enhancement of soils contaminated with heavy hydrocarbons.pyrolysis of contaminated soils at 420 °c converted recalcitrant heavy hydrocarbons into "char" (a carbonaceous material similar to petroleum coke) and enhanced soil fertility. pyrolytic treatment reduced total petroleum hydrocarbons (tph) to below regulatory standards (typically <1% by weight) within 3 h using only 40-60% of the energy required for incineration at 600-1200 °c. formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) was not observed, with post-pyrolysis levels well below applicable ...201626284736
municipal composts reduce the transfer of cd from soil to vegetables.cadmium (cd) is a non-essential trace element that accumulates in agricultural soils through the application of cd-rich phosphate fertiliser. vegetables can accumulate cd to concentrations that sometimes exceed food safety standards. we investigated the potential of low-cost soil amendments to reduce cd uptake by spinach (spinacia oleracea l.), lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) and onion (allium cepa l.). batch sorption experiments revealed the relative sorption of cd by biosolids, charcoal, lignite, ...201626874314
an apple plus a brazil nut a day keeps the doctors away: antioxidant capacity of foods and their health benefits.antioxidant-rich foods scavenge free radicals and other reactive species, decreasing the risk of different non-communicable chronic diseases. the objective of this study was to review the content of total antioxidant capacity of commonly foods comparing with experimental data and to explore the health benefits due to foods with moderate to high tac. the tac was analytically measured using the "total antioxidant capacity" (nx2332) test from randox® (uk) by spectrometry at 600 nm. brazil nut (bert ...201626572874
growth of wheat and lettuce and enzyme activities of soils under garlic stalk decomposition for different durations.garlic (allium sativum l.) stalk is a byproduct of garlic production that is normally thought of as waste but is now considered a useful biological resource. it is necessary to utilize this resource efficiently and reasonably to reduce environmental pollution and achieve sustainable agricultural development.201627753097
khellin and visnagin, furanochromones from ammi visnaga (l.) lam., as potential bioherbicides.plants constitute a source of novel phytotoxic compounds to be explored in searching for effective and environmentally safe herbicides. from a previous screening of plant extracts for their phytotoxicity, a dichloromethane extract of ammi visnaga (l.) lam. was selected for further study. phytotoxicity-guided fractionation of this extract yielded two furanochromones, khellin and visnagin, for which herbicidal activity had not been described before. khellin and visnagin were phytotoxic to model sp ...201627936681
rubisco catalytic properties and temperature response in crops.rubisco catalytic traits and their thermal dependence are two major factors limiting the co2 assimilation potential of plants. in this study, we present the profile of rubisco kinetics for 20 crop species at three different temperatures. the results largely confirmed the existence of significant variation in the rubisco kinetics among species. although some of the species tended to present rubisco with higher thermal sensitivity (e.g. oryza sativa) than others (e.g. lactuca sativa), interspecifi ...201627329223
acinetobacter lactucae sp. nov., isolated from iceberg lettuce (asteraceae: lactuca sativa).strain nrrl b-41902t and three closely related strains were isolated from iceberg lettuce. the strain was found to consist of strictly aerobic, gram-stain-negative rods that formed cocci in late stationary phase. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that strain nrrl b-41902t was most closely related to species within the genera acinetobacter, and that a grouping of it and the three other closely related strains was most closely related to the type strain of acinetobacter pittii, which was also ...201627339105
potential application of a bioemulsifier-producing actinobacterium for treatment of vinasse.vinasse is a complex effluent created during production of ethyl alcohol, which can present serious pollution hazard in areas where it is discharged. a variety of technologies, many based upon recovery of the effluent via microbial pathways, are continually being evaluated in order to mitigate the pollution potential of vinasse. the present work reports on initial advances related to the effectiveness of the actinobacterium streptomyces sp. mc1 for vinasse treatment. alternative use of raw vinas ...201626421623
complete genome sequence of the biofilm-forming curtobacterium sp. strain bh-2-1-1, isolated from lettuce (lactuca sativa) originating from a conventional field in norway.here, we present the 3,795,952 bp complete genome sequence of the biofilm-forming curtobacterium sp. strain bh-2-1-1, isolated from conventionally grown lettuce (lactuca sativa) from a field in vestfold, norway. the nucleotide sequence of this genome was deposited into ncbi genbank under the accession cp017580.201627872813
volatile emission in dry seeds as a way to probe chemical reactions during initial asymptomatic deterioration.the nature and kinetics of reactions in dry seeds determines how long the seeds survive. we used gas chromatography to assay volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted from seeds of three unrelated species as a means to non-invasively probe chemical changes during very dry, dry, and humid storage (seeds were dried to 5.5, 33, and 75% relative humidity at room temperature). vocs emitted from seeds stored in humid conditions reflected fermentation-type reactions, with methanol and ethanol being pre ...201626956506
ecotoxicity of arsenic contaminated sludge after mixing with soils and addition into composting and vermicomposting processes.sludge coming from remediation of groundwater contaminated by industry is usually managed as hazardous waste despite it might be considered for further processing as a source of nutrients. the ecotoxicity of phosphorus rich sludge contaminated with arsenic was evaluated after mixing with soil and cultivation with sinapis alba, and supplementation into composting and vermicomposting processes. the enchytraeus crypticus and folsomia candida reproduction tests and the lactuca sativa root growth tes ...201627348256
copper toxicity in a natural reference soil: ecotoxicological data for the derivation of preliminary soil screening values.the risk assessment of contaminated soils is conventionally done with the support of soil screening values (ssvs). since ssvs are still unavailable for many european countries, including portugal, standardized toxicity tests are urgently claimed for their derivation. hence, this work aimed the generation of toxicity values for copper (cu) in a natural reference soil (ptrs1) targeting different terrestrial species, endpoints and soil functions, as to derive a preliminary cu ssv. for this, the ass ...201626520436
ecotoxicological assessment of the potential impact on soil porewater, surface and groundwater from the use of organic wastes as soil amendments.this study aimed to assess the potential impact on soil porewater, surface and groundwater from the beneficial application of organic wastes to soil, using their eluates and acute bioassays with aquatic organisms and plants: luminescence inhibition of vibrio fischeri (15 and 30 min), daphnia magna immobilization (48 h), thamnocephalus platyurus survival (24 h), and seed germination of lolium perenne (7 d) and lactuca sativa (5 d). some organic wastes' eluates promoted high toxic responses, but t ...201626741879
fate and risk of atrazine and sulfentrazone to nontarget species at an agriculture site.the present study evaluated the risk associated with the application and co-occurrence of 2 herbicides, atrazine and sulfentrazone, applied to a 32-ha corn and soybean rotational field. field concentrations of the compounds were measured in soil, runoff water, and groundwater, with peak mean atrazine and sulfentrazone concentrations found in the soil (144 ng/g dry wt, and 318 ng/g dry wt, respectively). individual and mixture laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the effects of atrazi ...201627779324
effects of industrial wastewater on growth and biomass production in commonly grown vegetables.in developing countries like pakistan, irrigation of crops with industrial and municipal wastewater is a common practice. however, the impact of wastewater irrigation on vegetables growth has rarely been studied. therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of industrial wastewater on the germination and seedling growth of some commonly grown vegetables in pakistan. wastewater samples were collected from two different industries (marble industry and match alam factory) at h ...201627149970
a potent phytotoxic substance in aglaia odorata lour.aglaia odorata lour. (meliaceae) was found to have very strong allelopathic activity and a bioherbicide porganic(™) was developed from its leaf extracts. however, the phytotoxic substances causing the strong allelopathic activity of the plants have not yet been determined. therefore, we investigated allelopathic properties and phytotoxic substances in a. odorata. aqueous etoh extracts of a. odorata leaves inhibited root and shoot growth of garden cress (lepidum sativum), lettuce (lactuca sativa) ...201627088639
assessing the combination of iron sulfate and organic materials as amendment for an arsenic and copper contaminated soil. a chemical and ecotoxicological approach.the efficiency of combining iron sulfate and organic amendments (paper mill sludge, olive mill waste compost and olive tree pruning biochar) for the remediation of an as- and cu-contaminated soil was evaluated. changes in as and cu fractionation and solubility due to the application of the amendments was explored by leachate analysis, single and sequential extractions. also, the effects on arrhenatherum elatius growth, germination of lactuca sativa and toxicity to the bacteria vibrio fischeri we ...201627681110
assessing the effect of sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration on transfer of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium in wash water for production of minimally processed iceberg lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).this study evaluated the impact of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 250 mg l(-1) ) in wash water on transfer of salmonella typhimurium from contaminated lettuce to wash water and then to other noncontaminated lettuces washed sequentially in the same water. experiments were designed mimicking the conditions commonly seen in minimally processed vegetable (mpv) processing plants in brazil. the scenarios were as follows: (1) washing one inoculated lettuce portion in nonchlorina ...201627105015
plant tolerance to mercury in a contaminated soil is enhanced by the combined effects of humic matter addition and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.in a greenhouse pot experiment, lettuce plants (lactuca sativa l.) were grown in a hg-contaminated sandy soil with and without inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) (a commercial inoculum containing infective propagules of rhizophagus irregularis and funneliformis mosseae) amended with different rates of a humic acid (0, 1, and 2 g kg(-1) of soil), with the objective of verifying the synergistic effects of the two soil treatments on the hg tolerance of lettuce plants. our results i ...201626931658
effects of sodium nitroprusside (snp) pretreatment on uv-b stress tolerance in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) seedlings.ultraviolet-b (uv-b) radiation is one of the most important abiotic stress factors that could influence plant growth, development, and productivity. nitric oxide (no) is an important plant growth regulator involved in a wide variety of physiological processes. in the present study, the possibility of enhancing uv-b stress tolerance of lettuce seedlings by the exogenous application of sodium nitroprusside (snp) was investigated. uv-b radiation increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (sod ...201626330324
cadmium uptake in above-ground parts of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).because of its high cd uptake and translocation, lettuce is often used in cd contamination studies. however, there is a lack of information on cd accumulation in the above-ground parts of lettuce during the entire growing season. in this study, a field experiment was carried out in a cd-contaminated area. above-ground lettuce parts were sampled, and the cd content was measured using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (aas). the results showed that the cd concentration in the above-groun ...201626685781
estimate of uptake and translocation of emerging organic contaminants from irrigation water concentration in lettuce grown under controlled conditions.the widespread distribution of emerging organic contaminants (eocs) in the water cycle can lead to their incorporation in irrigated crops, posing a potential risk for human consumption. to gain further insight into the processes controlling the uptake of organic microcontaminants, batavia lettuce (lactuca sativa) grown under controlled conditions was watered with eocs (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, sulfonamides, β-blockers, phenolic estrogens, anticonvulsants, stimulants, polycyclic m ...201626651071
photoprotection vs. photoinhibition of photosystem ii in transplastomic lettuce (lactuca sativa) dominantly accumulating astaxanthin.transplastomic (chloroplast genome-modified; cgm) lettuce that dominantly accumulates astaxanthin grows similarly to a non-transgenic control with almost no accumulation of naturally occurring photosynthetic carotenoids. in this study, we evaluated the activity and assembly of psii in cgm lettuce. the maximum quantum yield of psii in cgm lettuce was <0.6; however, the quantum yield of psii was comparable with that in control leaves under higher light intensity. cgm lettuce showed a lower ability ...201626644463
effect of spl (spent pot liner) and its main components on root growth, mitotic activity and phosphorylation of histone h3 in lactuca sativa l.spent pot liner (spl) is a solid waste from the aluminum industry frequently disposed of in industrial landfills; it can be leached and contaminate the soil, sources of drinking water and plantations, and thus may pose a risk to human health and to ecosystems. its composition is high variable, including cyanide, fluoride and aluminum salts, which are highly toxic and environmental pollutants. this study evaluated the effect of spl and its main components on root growth and the mitosis of lactuca ...201626615478
freshly characterization and storability of mini head lettuces at optimal and abusive temperatures.selection of lettuce varieties less sensitive to quality deterioration and more tolerant to abusive temperatures during handling, transportation, and storage is essential to minimize economical and quality losses that affect both producers and consumers. this work was focused on the quality changes of four baby head lettuces (lactuca sativa l.), two butter (red and green) and two oak-leaf (red and green) types, during storage at 0 ℃ and 10 ℃ for 10 days. lettuce quality was determined by measuri ...201625631488
abscisic acid and ethephon regulation of cellulase in the endosperm cap and radicle during lettuce seed germination.the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cellulase in endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation during lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) seed germination. the application of abscisic acid (aba) or ethephon inhibits or promotes germination, respectively, by affecting endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation. cellulase activities, and related protein and transcript abundances of two lettuce cellulase genes, lscel1 and lscel2, increase in the endosperm cap and radicle prior to ...201627017965
leaf morphology, photosynthetic performance, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal development of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) exposed to different ratios of red light to blue light.red and blue light are both vital factors for plant growth and development. we examined how different ratios of red light to blue light (r/b) provided by light-emitting diodes affected photosynthetic performance by investigating parameters related to photosynthesis, including leaf morphology, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal development, light response curve, and nitrogen content. in this study, lettuce plants (lactuca sativa l.) were exposed to 200 μmol⋅m(-2)⋅s(-1) irradi ...201627014285
improving light distribution by zoom lens for electricity savings in a plant factory with light-emitting diodes.the high energy consumption of a plant factory is the biggest issue in its rapid expansion, especially for lighting electricity, which has been solved to a large extent by light-emitting diodes (led). however, the remarkable potential for further energy savings remains to be further investigated. in this study, an optical system applied just below the led was designed. the effects of the system on the growth and photosynthesis of butterhead lettuce (lactuca sativa var. capitata) were examined, a ...201626904062
roles of mpbq-mt in promoting α/γ-tocopherol production and photosynthesis under high light in lettuce.2-methyl-6-phytyl-1, 4-benzoquinol methyltransferase (mpbq-mt) is a vital enzyme catalyzing a key methylation step in both α/γ-tocopherol and plastoquinone biosynthetic pathway. in this study, the gene encoding mpbq-mt was isolated from lettuce (lactuca sativa) by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race), named lsmt. overexpression of lsmt in lettuce brought about a significant increase of α- and γ-tocopherol contents with a reduction of phylloquinone (vitamin k1) content, suggesting a competitio ...201626867015
the allelopathic effects of invasive plant solidago canadensis on seed germination and growth of lactuca sativa enhanced by different types of acid deposition.invasive species can exhibit allelopathic effects on native species. meanwhile, the types of acid deposition are gradually changing. thus, the allelopathic effects of invasive species on seed germination and growth of native species may be altered or even enhanced under conditions with diversified acid deposition. this study aims to assess the allelopathic effects (using leaves extracts) of invasive plant solidago canadensis on seed germination and growth of native species lactuca sativa treated ...201626826094
mercury induced haemocyte alterations in the terrestrial snail cantareus apertus as novel biomarker.the aim of the present work was to study the response of a suite of cellular and biochemical markers in the terrestrial snail cantareus apertus exposed to mercury in view of future use as sensitive tool suitable for mercury polluted soil monitoring and assessment. besides standardized biomarkers (metallothionein, acetylcholinesterase, and lysosomal membrane stability) novel cellular biomarkers on haemolymph cells were analyzed, including changes in the spread cells/round cells ratio and haemocyt ...201626811906
transcriptome profiling of caco-2 cancer cell line following treatment with extracts from iodine-biofortified lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).although iodization of salt is the most common method used to obtain iodine-enriched food, iodine deficiency disorders are still a global health problem and profoundly affect the quality of human life. iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial regulators of human metabolism, cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and have been reported to be involved in carcinogenesis. in this study, for the first time, we evaluated the effect of iodine-biofortified lettuce on tr ...201626799209
co₂ enrichment can produce high red leaf lettuce yield while increasing most flavonoid glycoside and some caffeic acid derivative concentrations.carbon dioxide (co2) enrichment is a common practice in greenhouses to increase crop yields up to 30%. yet, reports on the effect on foliar phenolic compounds vary. we studied the effect on two red leaf lettuce cultivars, grown for 25 days in growth chambers at co2 concentrations of 200 or 1,000 ppm, with some plants exchanged between treatments after 11 days. as expected, head mass increased with higher co2 concentration. regression analysis, corrected for head mass, showed increased concentrat ...201626776031
structural and sensory characterization of novel sesquiterpene lactones from iceberg lettuce.lactuca sativa var. capitate (iceberg lettuce) is a delicious vegetable and popular for its mild taste. nevertheless, iceberg lettuce is a source of bitter substances, such as the sesquiterpene lactones. chemical investigations on the n-butanol extract led to the isolation of three novel sesquiterpene lactones. all compounds were isolated by multilayer countercurrent chromatography followed by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. the structures were verified by means of spectrosco ...201626727458
physiological mechanisms to cope with cr(vi) toxicity in lettuce: can lettuce be used in cr phytoremediation?this research aims at identifying the main deleterious effects of cr(vi) on the photosynthetic apparatus and at selecting the most sensitive endpoints related to photosynthesis. to achieve this goal, we used lettuce (lactuca sativa), a sensible ecotoxicological crop model. three-week-old plants were exposed to 0, 50, 150 and 200 mg l(-1) of cr(vi). these concentrations ranged from levels admitted in irrigation waters to values found in several cr industry effluents and heavily contaminated envir ...201627130342
inhibitory effect of marine green algal extracts on germination of lactuca sativa seeds.the allelopathic potential of nine green seaweed species was examined based on germination and seedling growth of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). out of nine methanol extracts, capsosiphon fulvescens and monostroma nitidum extracts completely inhibited germination of l. sativa at 4 mg/filter paper after 24 hr of treatment. water extracts of these seaweeds generally showed low anti-germination activities than methanol extracts. of the nine water extracts, enteromorpha linza extract completely inhibi ...201627097439
allelochemicals from the rhizosphere soil of cultivated astragalus hoantchy.astragalus hoantchy, a widely cultivated medicinal plant species in traditional chinese and mongolian medicine, has been often hampered by replant failure during cultivation, like many other herbs of the genus astragalus. root aqueous extracts of astragalus herbs were reported to exhibit allelopathic activity against other plants and autotoxic activity on their own seedlings, but the allelochemicals released by astragalus plants have not been specified so far. ten compounds were isolated from th ...201627074954
evaluating the combined toxicity of cu and zno nanoparticles: utility of the concept of additivity and a nested experimental design.little is understood regarding the effects of mixtures of different metal-based nanoparticles (nps). using concentration-addition (ca) and independent-action (ia) models, we evaluated the combined toxicity of cu and zno nps based on five nested combinations, i.e., cu(no3)2-cunps, zn(no3)2-znonps, cu(no3)2-znonps, zn(no3)2-cunps, and cunps-znonps on root elongation of lactuca sativa l. the ca and ia models performed equally well in estimating the toxicity of mixtures of cu(no3)2-cunps, zn(no3)2-z ...201627070131
genetic control of water and nitrate capture and their use efficiency in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).robustness in lettuce, defined as the ability to produce stable yields across a wide range of environments, may be associated with below-ground traits such as water and nitrate capture. in lettuce, research on the role of root traits in resource acquisition has been rather limited. exploring genetic variation for such traits and shoot performance in lettuce across environments can contribute to breeding for robustness. a population of 142 lettuce cultivars was evaluated during two seasons (sprin ...201627064203
ecotoxicity of titanium silicon oxide (tisio4) nanomaterial for terrestrial plants and soil invertebrate species.the huge evolution of nanotechnology and the commercialization of nanomaterials (nms) positively contributed for innovation in several industrial sectors. facing this rapid development and the emergence of nms in the market, the release of this nanometric sized materials in the environment and the possible impact on different ecosystem components attracted the attention of researchers in the last few years. in our study we aimed to assess the impact of titanium silicon oxide nanomaterial (nano-t ...201627060256
root zone cooling and exogenous spermidine root-pretreatment promoting lactuca sativa l. growth and photosynthesis in the high-temperature season.root zone high-temperature stress is a major factor limiting hydroponic plant growth during the high-temperature season. the effects of root zone cooling (rzc; at 25°c) and exogenous spermidine (spd) root-pretreatment (srp, 0.1 mm) on growth, leaf photosynthetic traits, and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of hydroponic lactuca sativa l. grown in a high-temperature season (average temperature > 30°c) were examined. both treatments significantly promoted plant growth and photosynthesis in ...201627047532
development and comparison of four methods for the extraction of antibiotics from a vegetative matrix.studies have shown the potential for antibiotic uptake into food crops from irrigation water and soils containing pharmaceuticals. the objective of the present study was to develop and compare methods quantifying uptake of antibiotics in food crops. four methods were evaluated: freeze-and-thaw cell lysing, mechanical maceration, tissue sonication, and microwave-assisted solvent extraction. four antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole) were tested representin ...201626291062
lettuce contact allergy.lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) and its varieties are important vegetable crops worldwide. they are also well-known, rarely reported, causes of contact allergy. as lettuce allergens and extracts are not commercially available, the allergy may be underdiagnosed. the aims of this article are to present new data on lettuce contact allergy and review the literature. lettuce is weakly allergenic, and occupational cases are mainly reported. using aimed patch testing in compositae-allergic patients, two re ...201626289653
mads-box genes and gibberellins regulate bolting in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).bolting in lettuce is promoted by high temperature and bolting resistance is of great economic importance for lettuce production. but how bolting is regulated at the molecular level remains elusive. here, a bolting resistant line s24 and a bolting sensitive line s39 were selected for morphological, physiological, transcriptomic and proteomic comparisons. a total of 12204 genes were differentially expressed in s39 vs. s24. line s39 was featured with larger leaves, higher levels of chlorophyll, so ...201628018414
zinc excess triggered polyamines accumulation in lettuce root metabolome, as compared to osmotic stress under high salinity.abiotic stresses such as salinity and metal contaminations are the major environmental stresses that adversely affect crop productivity worldwide. crop responses and tolerance to abiotic stress are complex processes for which "-omic" approaches such as metabolomics is giving us a newest view of biological systems. the aim of the current research was to assess metabolic changes in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), by specifically probing the root metabolome of plants exposed to elevated isomolar conce ...201627375675
ecotoxicological impact of two soil remediation treatments in lactuca sativa seeds.pharmaceuticals have been identified as environmental emerging pollutants and are present in different compartments, including soils. chemical remediation showed to be a good and suitable approach for soil remediation, though the knowledge in their impact for terrestrial organisms is still limited. therefore, in this work, two different chemical remediation treatments (fenton oxidation and nanoremediation) were applied to a soil contaminated with an environmental representative concentration of ...201627289206
selective toxin effects on faster and slower growing individuals in the formation of hormesis at the population level - a case study with lactuca sativa and pcib.natural plant populations have large phenotypic plasticity that enhances acclimation to local stress factors such as toxin exposures. while consequences of high toxin exposures are well addressed, effects of low-dose toxin exposures on plant populations are seldom investigated. in particular, the importance of 'selective low-dose toxicity' and hormesis, i.e. stimulatory effects, has not been studied simultaneously. since selective toxicity can change the size distribution of populations, we assu ...201627267716
do phytotoxic allelochemicals remain in ashes after burning chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera (boneseed)?australia is facing challenges in controlling chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera (boneseed). however, burning has achieved some success in this regard. we aimed to investigate the comparative phytotoxicity of boneseed dried powder and ashes (burnt at 450°c and 250°c). phenolic compounds in powder and ashes were measured using folin-ciocalteu assay and hplc. the phytotoxicity of boneseed powder and ash extracts was assessed through germination bioassay on lactuca sativa and the phytoto ...201627266307
high-throughput growth prediction for lactuca sativa l. seedlings using chlorophyll fluorescence in a plant factory with artificial lighting.poorly grown plants that result from differences in individuals lead to large profit losses for plant factories that use large electric power sources for cultivation. thus, identifying and culling the low-grade plants at an early stage, using so-called seedlings diagnosis technology, plays an important role in avoiding large losses in plant factories. in this study, we developed a high-throughput diagnosis system using the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence (cf) in a commercial large-scale ...201627242805
assessment of the impact of aluminum on germination, early growth and free proline content in lactuca sativa l.aluminum (al) toxicity is a major problem in crop production on acid soils. the use of industrial or municipal wastewaters, which may be contaminated with metals, for irrigation in agriculture is common over the world. this action can increase the concentration of these agents in the soil and decrease crops yields. in order to evaluate the toxicological effects of recommended al levels in irrigation water, under acidic conditions, on lettuce, seeds of two cultivars ("cv reine de mai" and "cv whi ...201627229755
macroelemental composition of cadmium stressed lettuce plants grown under conditions of intensive sulphur nutrition.lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is moderately sensitive to cadmium (cd) and shows high accumulation of this metal. thus, this species is considered to be a good model for both identifying determinants controlling cd accumulation in plant tissues and for developing breeding strategies aimed at limiting the accumulation of this metal in edible tissues. simultaneously, lettuce is characterised by medium requirements for sulphur (s) - a macronutrient whose role is associated not only with proper growth ...201627203699
phytotoxicity of soluble graphitic nanofibers to model plant species.carbon nanomaterials are considered promising for applications in energy storage, catalysis, and electronics. this has motivated study of their potential environmental toxicity. recently, a novel nanomaterial consisting of graphene oxide wrapped around a carbon nanotube (cnt) core was synthesized. the resulting soluble graphitic nanofibers were found to have superior catalytic properties, which could result in their use in fuel cells. before this material undergoes widespread use, its environmen ...201627153481
metabolomics to detect response of lettuce (lactuca sativa) to cu(oh)2 nanopesticides: oxidative stress response and detoxification mechanisms.there has been an increasing influx of nanopesticides into agriculture in recent years. understanding the interaction between nanopesticides and edible plants is crucial in evaluating the potential impact of nanotechnology on the environment and agriculture. here we exposed lettuce plants to cu(oh)2 nanopesticides (1050-2100 mg/l) through foliar spray for one month. inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp-ms) results indicate that 97-99% (1353-2501 mg/kg) of copper was sequestered in t ...201627483188
evaluation of the allelopathic potential of leaf, stem, and root extracts of ocotea pulchella nees et mart.despite the increase in recent decades in herbicide research on the potential of native plants, current knowledge is considered to be low. very few studies have been carried out on the chemical profile or the biological activity of the brazilian savanna (cerrado) species. in the study reported here, the allelopathic activity of acoet and meoh extracts of leaves, stems, and roots from ocotea pulchella nees was evaluated. the extracts were assayed on etiolated wheat coleoptiles. the acoet leaf ext ...201627482860
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