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efficacy of paromomycin-chloroquine combination therapy in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis.the 4-aminoquinoline chloroquine (cq) is clinically used in combination with doxycycline to cure chronic q fever, as it enhances the activity of the antibiotic against the causative bacterium coxiella burnetii residing within macrophage phagolysosomes. as there is a similar cellular host-pathogen biology for leishmania parasites, this study aimed to determine whether such an approach could also be the basis for a new, improved treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). we have evaluated the in ...201728607026
seroreactivity to q fever among slaughterhouse workers in south korea.q fever is a zoonotic disease that occurs worldwide; however, little is known about its prevalence in south korea. we attempted to determine the prevalence of q fever seroreactivity among korean slaughterhouse workers and the risk factors for seroreactivity according to the type of work.201728605884
vaginal self-sampling as a diagnosis tool in low-income countries and potential applications for exploring the infectious causes of miscarriage.gynecological health is a challenge in low-income countries. personal opposition to perineal examination has been overcome by the use of vaginal self-sampling. here, we review the use of this procedure notably in low-income countries and the main infectious causes of miscarriage. vaginal self-sampling was mainly used for human papillomavirus detection but also to detect microorganisms causing sexually transmitted infections or bacterial vaginosis. 58 studies have been performed in low-resource c ...201728604063
whole-genome sequence of coxiella burnetii nine mile rsa439 (phase ii, clone 4), a laboratory workhorse strain.here, we report the whole-genome sequence of coxiella burnetii nine mile rsa439 (phase ii, clone 4), a laboratory strain used extensively to investigate the biology of this intracellular bacterial pathogen. the genome consists of a 1.97-mb chromosome and a 37.32-kb plasmid.201728596399
molecular survey of coxiella burnetii in wildlife and ticks at wildlife-livestock interfaces in kenya.coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of q fever, a zoonotic disease of public health importance. the role of wildlife and their ticks in the epidemiology of c. burnetii in kenya is unknown. this study analysed the occurrence and prevalence of the pathogen in wildlife and their ticks at two unique wildlife-livestock interfaces of laikipia and maasai mara national reserve (mmnr) with the aim to determine the potential risk of transmission to livestock and humans. blood from 79 and 73 animals i ...201728593481
one health contributions towards more effective and equitable approaches to health in low- and middle-income countries.emerging zoonoses with pandemic potential are a stated priority for the global health security agenda, but endemic zoonoses also have a major societal impact in low-resource settings. although many endemic zoonoses can be treated, timely diagnosis and appropriate clinical management of human cases is often challenging. preventive 'one health' interventions, e.g. interventions in animal populations that generate human health benefits, may provide a useful approach to overcoming some of these chal ...201728584176
detection of coxiella burnetii in urban river water.previous molecular-based studies have identified microorganisms of zoonotic and human nature in surface waters. contaminated water can lead to human health issues, and the detection of pathogenic microorganisms is a valuable tool for the prevention of their spread. water samples were taken from the river tiber in and out of the city of rome. genetic analysis of the sequences obtained showed the presence of coxiella burnetii in both the analyzed sites. blast analysis showed that two sequences wer ...201728581349
acute granulomatous hepatitis in an immunosuppressed patient secondary to q fever. 201728549166
the value of (18)f-fdg-pet/ct in diagnosis and during follow-up in 273 patients with chronic q fever.in 1-5% of all acute q fever infections, chronic q fever develops, mostly manifesting as endocarditis, infected aneurysms, or infected vascular prostheses. in this study, we investigated the diagnostic value of (18)f-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)f-fdg-pet/ct) in chronic q fever at diagnosis and during follow-up. methods: all dutch adult patients suspected of chronic q fever who were diagnosed since 2007 were retrospectively included until march 2015 wh ...201728546336
horizontally acquired biosynthesis genes boost coxiella burnetii's physiology.coxiella burnetii, the etiologic agent of acute q fever and chronic endocarditis, has a unique biphasic life cycle, which includes a metabolically active intracellular form that occupies a large lysosome-derived acidic vacuole. c. burnetii is the only bacterium known to thrive within such an hostile intracellular niche, and this ability is fundamental to its pathogenicity; however, very little is known about genes that facilitate coxiella's intracellular growth. recent studies indicate that c. b ...201728540258
q fever: confusion between chronic infection and chronic fatigue. 201728520862
prevalence of coxiella burnetii in cattle at south korean national breeding stock farms.this is the first study to evaluate the serologic and molecular prevalence of coxiella burnetii in cattle at national breeding stock farms in south korea. these government farms have well-organized biosecurity and management systems to prevent livestock diseases. of the 736 cattle in this study, 77 tested positive for antibodies against c. burnetii antigens (10.5%, 95% ci: 8.3-12.7) and 11 were positive for a c. burnetti infection on pcr analysis (1.5%, 95% ci: 0.6-2.4). since the 16s rrna seque ...201728493973
alterations of the coxiella burnetii replicative vacuole membrane integrity and interplay with the autophagy pathway.coxiella burnetii, the etiologic agent of q fever, is a gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium. it has been previously described that both the endocytic and autophagic pathways contribute to the coxiella replicative vacuole (crv) generation. galectins are β-galactoside-binding lectins that accumulate in the cytosol before being secreted via a non-conventional secretory pathway. it has been shown that galectin-3, -8, -9 monitor bacteria vacuolar rupture and endosomal and lysosomal loss of ...201728484683
the presence of rhipicephalus muhsamae north of the sahara.the occurrence of male and female rhipicephalus muhsamae feeding on dogs and a horse in upper egypt is described. the morphological identification was verified using partial 16s rrna gene sequences. by applying respective real-time pcrs, no evidence neither for coxiella burnetii nor for spotted-fever rickettsia infections were found in the ticks.201728483409
[leptospirosis in french guiana and the guiana shield: current knowledge in 2016].leptospirosis is a cosmopolitan zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus leptospira. whether the distribution is worldwide, the hot and humid climate of the tropics is particularly conducive to its expansion. in most french overseas departments and territories, leptospirosis is considered as a public health problem. in french guiana, a french department located in the northeastern part of the amazon rainforest, it is supposed to be rare. the objective of this review was to make an inventory of t ...201728478544
herd-level prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases of dairy cows in great britain.to implement appropriate and effective disease control programs at the national level, up-to-date and unbiased information on disease frequency is needed. the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of selected endemic infectious diseases in the population of dairy herds in great britain. bulk milk tank (bmt) samples from 225 randomly selected dairy farms, stratified by region and herd size, were tested for antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus type 1 ...201728843682
are brucellosis, q fever and melioidosis potential causes of febrile illness in madagascar?brucellosis, q fever and melioidosis are zoonoses, which can lead to pyrexia. these diseases are often under-ascertained and underreported because of their unspecific clinical signs and symptoms, insufficient awareness by physicians and public health officers and limited diagnostic capabilities, especially in low-resource countries. therefore, the presence of brucella spp., coxiella burnetii and burkholderia pseudomallei was investigated in malagasy patients exhibiting febrile illness. in additi ...201728502643
atypical bacterial pneumonia in the hiv-infected population.human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected individuals are more susceptible to respiratory tract infections by other infectious agents (viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi) as their disease progresses to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. despite effective antiretroviral therapy, bacterial pneumonia (the most frequently occurring hiv-associated pulmonary illness) remains a common cause of morbidity and mortality in the hiv-infected population. over the last few decades, studies have looked ...201728856082
diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis in a non-endemic area: inference of the probable geographic area of an infection.coccidioidomycosis is one of the most important endemic mycoses in northern mexico. however, diagnosing this disease can be challenging, particularly in patients who do not reside in endemic areas.201728784311
seroprevalence of coxiella burnetii among domestic ruminants and horses in poland.coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of q fever. the cases of the disease are recorded in various species, including domestic animals. the aim of this investigation was to estimate the seroprevalence of c. burnetii in ruminants including cattle, sheep, goats, and horses. totally, 2082 serum samples from 936 goats, 933 cattle, 89 sheep, and 124 horses, including various horse breeds, were tested by elisa or complement fixation test. the examination revealed that polish horses are seronegative ...201728854804
characteristics of scrub typhus, murine typhus, and q fever among elderly patients: prolonged prothrombin time as a predictor for severity.the clinical manifestations of scrub typhus, murine typhus and acute q fever in the elderly are not clear.201728709838
multiple substrate usage of coxiella burnetii to feed a bipartite metabolic network.the human pathogen coxiella burnetii causes q-fever and is classified as a category b bio-weapon. exploiting the development of the axenic growth medium accm-2, we have now used (13)c-labeling experiments and isotopolog profiling to investigate the highly diverse metabolic network of c. burnetii. to this aim, c. burnetii rsa 439 nmii was cultured in accm-2 containing 5 mm of either [u-(13)c3]serine, [u-(13)c6]glucose, or [u-(13)c3]glycerol until the late-logarithmic phase. gc/ms-based isotopolog ...201728706879
epidemiologic study of bacteria zoonotic diseases in south dakota: 2010-2014.although the burden of infectious diseases has decreased dramatically due to advances in health care, disease prevention and numerous public health efforts and innovations, zoonotic diseases continue to pose a problem in terms of both existing and emerging diseases. these risks are of particular concern in rural areas, in which there is more contact with animals for occupational and recreational purposes. as a rural and agricultural state, south dakota has a large percentage of its population at ...201728813761
epidemiology of spotted fever group rickettsioses and acute undifferentiated febrile illness in villeta, colombia.etiology of acute undifferentiated febrile syndrome (aufs) is often unknown, leading to inaccurate diagnosis and treatment. villeta town has been identified as an endemic area for spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsioses but little is known about possible amplifier hosts and other rickettsia species different from rickettsia rickettsii. besides, few studies have approached other aufs etiologies in the region. we investigated the role of dengue, leptospirosis, rickettsioses, human anaplasmosis, an ...201728722568
vector-borne and zoonotic diseases of dogs in north-west new south wales and the northern territory, australia.vector-borne diseases of dogs in australian aboriginal communities are relatively unexplored. these dogs represent a unique group with variable ecto- and endo-parasitic burdens, nutritional stresses and a general lack of veterinary intervention. we investigated haemoprotozoal and bacterial pathogen prevalences in relation to erythrocyte and platelet numbers in dogs from north-west new south wales (n-w nsw) and the northern territory (nt; central australia).201728810870
an integrated study of human and animal infectious disease in the lake victoria crescent small-holder crop-livestock production system, kenya.the neglected zoonotic diseases (nzd) are an understudied group that are a major cause of illness throughout the developing world. in general, little is known about the prevalence and burden of nzds in affected communities, particularly in relation to other infectious diseases with which they are often co-endemic. we describe the design and descriptive epidemiological outputs from an integrated study of human and animal zoonotic and non-zoonotic disease in a rural farming community in western ke ...201728666412
two mice models for transferability of zoonotic bacteria via tick vector.spotted fever and typhus-related diseases caused by rickettsiae, lyme borreliosis induced by spirochetes from borrelia burgdorferii sensu lato complex, and q fever evoked by coxiella burnetii, are important zoonoses occurring worldwide. in order to study the pathogenesis of these infections, the efficacy of vaccines from the perspective of protection against the pathogens, pathogen - pathogen interactions during co-infections or pathogen-vector-host interrelationship, a suitable animal model sho ...201728854805
use of axenic media to determine antibiotic efficacy against coxiella burnetii.the traditional methods of measuring minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of antibiotics against coxiella burnetii are time consuming and technically difficult. the discovery of axenic media for c. burnetii culture provided an opportunity to determine the feasibility of using both broth dilution and an antimicrobial gradient method (e-test) as a convenient method of measuring mics. the mic for a range of antibiotics that have proven or potential use in the treatment of q-fever, namely doxycycl ...201728802854
quantitative dextran trafficking to the coxiella burnetii parasitophorous vacuole.the gram-negative bacterium coxiella burnetii causes human q fever, a disease characterized by a debilitating flu-like illness in acute cases and endocarditis in chronic patients. an obligate intracellular pathogen, coxiella burnetii survives within a large, lysosome-like vacuole inside the host cell. a unique feature of the coxiella parasitophorous vacuole (pv) is high levels of fusion with the host endocytic pathway, with pv-endosome fusion critical for coxiella survival within the host cell. ...201728800156
cxcl9, a promising biomarker in the diagnosis of chronic q fever.in the aftermath of the largest q fever outbreak in the world, diagnosing the potentially lethal complication chronic q fever remains challenging. pcr, coxiella burnetii igg phase i antibodies, crp and (18)f-fdg-pet/ct scan are used for diagnosis and monitoring in clinical practice. we aimed to identify and test biomarkers in order to improve discriminative power of the diagnostic tests and monitoring of chronic q fever.201728793883
[unusual evolution of q fever. case report]. 201727345581
[spleen infarction diagnosed in the health centre … and it turned out to be q fever]. 201727344580
hydroxychloroquine susceptibility determination of coxiella burnetii in human embryonic lung (hel) fibroblast cells.coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of q fever, survives and replicates in the acidic environment of monocytes/macrophages; hydroxychloroquine, through alkalinisation of the acidic vacuoles, is critical for the management of q fever. in this study, a collection of c. burnetii strains isolated from human samples was tested to evaluate the in vitro minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine. serial two-fold dilutions of doxycycline (0.25-8 mg/l) and hydroxych ...201728478211
an evaluation of risk factors for infection with coxiella burnetii in domestic goats. 201728463720
coxiella burnetii circulation in a naturally infected flock of sheep: individual follow-up of antibodies in serum and milk.the control of q fever, a zoonotic disease caused by the coxiella burnetii bacterium, remains a scientific challenge. domestic ruminants are considered the main reservoir, shedding c. burnetii essentially through parturition products during abortion or birth. sheep are particularly frequently associated with human outbreaks, but there are insufficient field data to fully understand disease dynamics and to instigate efficient control measures. a longitudinal follow-up study of a naturally infecte ...201728455328
the coxiella burnetii type ivb secretion system (t4bss) component dota is released/secreted during infection of host cells and during in vitro growth in a t4bss-dependent manner.coxiella burnetii is a gram-negative intracellular pathogen and is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease q fever. to cause disease, c. burnetii requires a functional type ivb secretion system (t4bss) to transfer effector proteins required for the establishment and maintenance of a membrane-bound parasitophorous vacuole (pv) and further modulation of host cell process. however, it is not clear how the t4bss interacts with the pv membrane since neither a secretion pilus nor an extracellular ...201728449081
host and bacterial factors control susceptibility of drosophila melanogaster to coxiella burnetii infection.coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of q fever, a zoonotic disease that threatens both human and animal health. due to the paucity of experimental animal models, little is known about how host factors interface with bacterial components and affect pathogenesis. here, we used drosophila melanogaster, in conjunction with the biosafety level 2 (bsl2) nine mile phase ii (nmii) clone 4 strain of c. burnetii, as a model to investigate host and bacterial components implicated in infection. we demo ...201728438980
environmental sampling coupled with real-time pcr and genotyping to investigate the source of a q fever outbreak in a work setting.a q fever outbreak was declared in february 2016 in a company that manufactures hoists and chains and therefore with no apparent occupational-associated risk. coxiella burnetii infection was diagnosed by serology in eight of the 29 workers of the company; seven of them had fever or flu-like signs and five had pneumonia, one requiring hospitalisation. a further case of c. burnetii pneumonia was diagnosed in a local resident. real-time pcr (rti-pcr) showed a widespread distribution of c. burnetii ...201728434420
updated systematic review: associations between proximity to animal feeding operations and health of individuals in nearby communities.the objective of this review was to update a systematic review of associations between living near an animal feeding operation (afo) and human health.201728420442
no such thing as chronic q fever.modern diagnostic methods enable clinicians to look beyond a diagnosis of chronic q fever and discern whether patients instead have persistent focalized coxiella burnetii infection(s). use of these methods and development of criteria to define and treat such infections, especially cardiovascular infections, will improve the prognosis for patients previously thought to have chronic q fever.201728418317
the end of a dogma: the safety of doxycycline use in young children for malaria treatment.anti-malarial drug resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has spread from southeast asia to africa. furthermore, the recent emergence of resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapy (act) in southeast asia highlights the need to identify new anti-malarial drugs. doxycycline is recommended for malaria chemoprophylaxis for travel in endemic areas, or in combination with the use of quinine for malaria treatment when act is unavailable or when the treatment of severe malaria ...201728407772
permissiveness of bovine epithelial cells from lung, intestine, placenta and udder for infection with coxiella burnetii.ruminants are the main source of human infections with the obligate intracellular bacterium coxiella (c.) burnetii. infected animals shed high numbers of c. burnetii by milk, feces, and birth products. in goats, shedding by the latter route coincides with c. burnetii replication in epithelial (trophoblast) cells of the placenta, which led us to hypothesize that epithelial cells are generally implicated in replication and shedding of c. burnetii. we therefore aimed at analyzing the interactions o ...201728403908
tick-borne infectious diseases in australia.tick bites in australia can lead to a variety of illnesses in patients. these include infection, allergies, paralysis, autoimmune disease, post-infection fatigue and australian multisystem disorder. rickettsial (rickettsia spp.) infections (queensland tick typhus, flinders island spotted fever and australian spotted fever) and q fever (coxiella burnetii) are the only systemic bacterial infections that are known to be transmitted by tick bites in australia. three species of local ticks transmit b ...201728403767
coxiella burnetii antibody seropositivity is not a risk factor for aids-related non-hodgkin lymphoma. 201728396496
acute q fever in febrile patients in northwestern of iran.q fever is an endemic disease in different parts of iran. this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of acute q fever disease among at-risk individuals in northwestern iran.201728394892
a q fever cluster among workers at an abattoir in south-western sydney, australia, 2015.in september 2015, the public health unit of the south western sydney local health district was notified of two possible q fever cases. case investigation identified that both cases were employed at an abattoir, and both cases advised that co-workers had experienced similar symptoms. public health unit staff also recalled interviewing in late 2014 at least one other q fever case who worked at the same abattoir. this prompted an outbreak investigation.201728246578
q fever pneumonia in southwest germany: radiographic and clinical findings.purpose q fever is a worldwide zoonosis that causes clinical symptoms ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to severe pneumonia and/or hepatitis. this retrospective study was conducted to describe the radiographic and clinical signs in patients with acute q fever pneumonia in southwest germany. patients and methods 40 patients with igm-positive q fever-related pneumonia who were treated in the years 2006 to 2016 in our hospital were retrospectively identified. clinical and laboratory data were ana ...201728002852
trends and risk factors for human q fever in australia, 1991-2014.australian abattoir workers, farmers, veterinarians and people handling animal birthing products or slaughtering animals continue to be at high risk of q fever despite an effective vaccine being available. national notifiable diseases surveillance system data were analysed for the period 1991-2014, along with enhanced risk factor data from notified cases in the states of new south wales and queensland, to examine changes in the epidemiology of q fever in australia. the national q fever notificat ...201727927265
fibrin ring granulomas in checkpoint inhibitor-induced hepatitis.fibrin ring granulomas are an uncommon finding in liver biopsies although they have been described in liver injury secondary to several infectious and noninfectious entities, most notably q fever. immune checkpoint inhibitors are recent advances in cancer therapy, and stimulate the immune system to cause antitumoral effects but may also lead to adverse immune events such as hepatitis and colitis. we report 2 patients on combination ipilimumab/nivolumab who developed hepatitis and had fibrin ring ...201727792061
coxiella burnetii (q fever) infection in dairy cattle and associated risk factors in latvia.the purpose of this study was to describe prevalence and spatial distribution of coxiella burnetii infections in dairy cow sheds in latvia and to investigate risk factors contributing to c. burnetii infections. blood serum samples from abortion cases from 1010 sheds have been tested by elisa for the presence of c. burnetii antibodies and bulk tank milk (btm) samples from 252 sheds have been tested by real time polymerase chain reaction and elisa for the presence of c. burnetii dna and antibodies ...201728462725
select public health and communicable disease lessons learned during operations iraqi freedom and enduring freedom.history has taught us that the threat of communicable diseases to operational readiness should not be underestimated. the unique operational challenges of a decade at war in southwest asia have left us with many new lessons about prevention and mitigation of disease. the successes of military immunization programs demonstrated the successful application of military science to modern combat. historic maladies such as tuberculosis and malaria continue to challenge our army health leadership while ...201727215886
the use of guidelines for lower respiratory tract infections in tanzania: a lesson from kilimanjaro clinicians.evaluations of the guidelines for the management of lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) sub-saharan africa, particularly in tanzania is scant.201727213093
[varicelliform exanthema during a q fever]. 201727093888
resistant anaemia and mixed cryoglobulinaemia in a patient on haemodialysis in the context of q fever. 201726565937
identification of factors for physicians to facilitate early differential diagnosis of scrub typhus, murine typhus, and q fever from dengue fever in taiwan.dengue fever, rickettsial diseases, and q fever are acute febrile illnesses with similar manifestations in tropical areas. early differential diagnosis of scrub typhus, murine typhus, and q fever from dengue fever may be made by understanding the distinguishing clinical characteristics and the significance of demographic and weather factors.201725648664
psychosis likely induced by hydroxychloroquine in a patient with chronic q fever: a case report and clinically relevant review of pharmacology. 201724268495
acute monoarthritis as presenting manifestation of acute q fever: report of a new case and literature review. 201723558160
acute arthritis associated with acute q fever. 201710728456
q fever in israel.q fever was first described over fifty years ago. while in a proportion of cases there is a clear etiologic link to farm animals, their products, and fomites, in the majority of cases no such association is apparent, and the mode of infection is a mystery.20172134719
[q fever, aortic insufficiency, hypersplenism and monoclonal gammapathy]. 20162518701
[q fever: diagnostic contribution of bone marrow biopsy. apropos of a case]. 20163445033
[epidemic of q fever pneumonia]. 20165200066
[q fever pneumonia under the roentgenologic picture of an early infiltrate]. 20165206690
[experience in mass immunization of humans with the m-44 live vaccine against q-fever. 2. skin and oral routes of immunization]. 20164225871
[the problem of a live vaccine against q fever]. 201614009974
[a study of experimental rickettsioses with the aid of fluorescent antibodies. 2. the use of immune fluorescent gamma globulin for early and rapid diagnosis of q-rickettsiosis]. 201613899626
[on the natural infectivity of wild animals in northern kirgiz by the pathogen of q fever]. 201613891039
[associated vaccine against typhus and q-fever and the possibility of decreased reactogenic properties of the vaccine against q-fever]. 201613899955
[an experimental study of the possible methods of infection of marmots with q-rickettsiosis and their excretion of the pathogen into the external environment]. 201613697620
[materials for the study of q fever in leningrad and the leningrad area]. 201613838670
[q fever and ornithosis in wild birds]. 201613687613
[q fever in the armenian soviet socialist republic]. 201613569977
[data on q fever in luga region]. 201613604112
[polyadenitis as an unusual form of presentation of acute q fever]. 201625680632
18-fdg pet/ ct scan in the diagnosis and follow-up of chronic q fever aortic valve endocarditis.chronic q fever endocarditis is a rare but important infection associated with risk of morbidity and mortality. echocardiography rarely visualises the vegetative lesion. we describe the first australian report of chronic q fever aortic valve endocarditis confirmed with the use of 18 -fdg pet/ ct scan. following valvular replacement, the patient had ongoing high serological titres despite active treatment and he was managed with yearly serial pet/ ct scan to confirm the absence of active infectio ...201626610711
moving from q fever to c. burnetii infection. 201626607959
q fever in french guiana: tip of the iceberg or epidemiological exception? 201627149385
seroprevalence of brucellosis, leptospirosis, and q fever among butchers and slaughterhouse workers in south-eastern iran.zoonotic diseases can be occupational hazards to people who work in close contact with animals or their carcasses. in this cross-sectional study, 190 sera were collected from butchers and slaughterhouse workers in different regions of the sistan va baluchestan province, in iran in 2011. a questionnaire was filled for each participant to document personal and behavioural information. the sera were tested for detection of specific igg antibodies against brucellosis, leptospirosis, and q fever (pha ...201626731333
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in seroprevalence studies of q fever: the need for cut-off adaptation and the consequences for prevalence data.large outbreaks of q fever have recently increased the awareness of this disease as a public health issue. knowledge of the general impact of q fever relies mainly on seroprevalence studies and it is fundamental that seroprevalence is assessed accurately. therefore we evaluated the few enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) commercially available for this purpose. an outbreak in 2005 in jena, a city of 100,000 inhabitants, gave us the opportunity for the evaluation. however, we found disapp ...201626489591
an unusual presentation of acute q fever. 201626428334
q fever endocarditis presenting with superior mesenteric artery embolism and renal infarction.q fever is a zoonotic disease with a reservoir in mammals, birds, and ticks. acute cases in human beings can be asymptomatic, or they can present with a flu-like illness, pneumonia, or hepatitis. approximately 5% of cases progress to chronic q fever. endocarditis, the most typical manifestation of chronic q fever, is usually associated with small vegetations that occur in patients who have had prior valvular damage or who are immunocompromised. we present what we think is the first reported case ...201627047296
[tick-borne diseases in poland: prevalence and difficulties in diagnostics].the article presents an overview of diagnostics of tick-borne diseases in poland, which form one of the most prevalent group of occupational illnesses in the polish area. this is a current issue due to a constantly growing number of tick-borne infections, i.e., lyme borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis, tularemia, q fever, human granulocytic anaplasmosis and babesiosis. the scale of the problem is well illustrated by the latest reports of the polish national institute of public health - national ...201627044720
modelling the risk of transfusion transmission from travelling donors.the eufrat (european up-front risk assessment tool) was developed as an online risk assessment tool ( http://eufrattool.ecdc.europa.eu ) to help decision-makers assess the transmission risk of emerging infectious diseases (eid) through blood transfusion. the aim of this study is to extend the methodology developed in the eufrat project to quantify the transfusion transmission (tt) risk from travelling donors.201627038919
human q fever incidence is associated to spatiotemporal environmental conditions.airborne pathogenic transmission from sources to humans is characterised by atmospheric dispersion and influence of environmental conditions on deposition and reaerosolisation. we applied a one health approach using human, veterinary and environmental data regarding the 2009 epidemic in the netherlands, and investigated whether observed human q fever incidence rates were correlated to environmental risk factors. we identified 158 putative sources (dairy goat and sheep farms) and included 2339 hu ...201628616479
q fever.q fever is a significant infectious disease threat to us military personnel deployed in the middle east. its environmental stability, aerosol transmission, and animal reservoir make it a considerable risk for deployed troops due to its potential for weaponization and risk of natural infection. it presents as a flu-like illness that responds promptly to antimicrobial therapy. q fever should be suspected in patients presenting with a compatible febrile illness in an endemic area and especially if ...201626874100
the key role of experiential uncertainty when dealing with risks: its relationships with demand for regulation and institutional trust.the results of a survey and an experiment show that experiential uncertainty-people's experience of uncertainty in risk contexts-plays a moderating role in individuals' risk-related demand for government regulation and trust in risk-managing government institutions. first, descriptions of risks were presented to respondents in a survey (n = 1,017) and their reactions to questions about experiential uncertainty, risk perception, and demand for government regulation were measured, as well as level ...201626849482
[epidemiologic situation by natural-foci infections in the crimea federal district in 2014-2015].analysis of epidemic manifestations of natural-foci infections (nfi), clarification of spectrum of their causative agents, determination of epizootic activity of natural foci in the crimea federal district (kfd).201627228673
the first case of chronic q fever endocarditis and aortitis from turkey: a 5-year infection before diagnosis with drain in sternum. 201627723671
candidate snp markers of chronopathologies are predicted by a significant change in the affinity of tata-binding protein for human gene promoters.variations in human genome (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms, snps) may be associated with hereditary diseases, their complications, comorbidities, and drug responses. using web service snp_tata_comparator presented in our previous paper, here we analyzed immediate surroundings of known snp markers of diseases and identified several candidate snp markers that can significantly change the affinity of tata-binding protein for human gene promoters, with circadian consequences. for example, rs5 ...201627635400
q fever and contact with kangaroos in new south wales. 201627522129
chronic q fever leads to dilated cardiomyopathy in a 48-year-old male. 201627521543
q fever hepatitis and endocarditis in the context of haemochromatosis.hereditary haemochromatosis is associated with increased susceptibility to some infections. we report here a case of q fever in a patient with coexistent haemochromatosis. the literature is reviewed in regard to the effect of haemochromatosis on susceptibility to infectious disease in general and q fever in particular. although there is documented increased risk in these patients for some infectious conditions, a specific association with q fever has not been previously reported. the present rep ...201627873744
knowledge, attitudes and practices towards spotted fever group rickettsioses and q fever in laikipia and maasai mara, kenya.many factors contribute to misdiagnosis and underreporting of infectious zoonotic diseases in most sub-saharan africa including limited diagnostic capacity and poor knowledge. we assessed the knowledge, practices and attitudes towards spotted fever group rickettsioses (sfgr) and q fever amongst local residents in laikipia and maasai mara in kenya. a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to a total of 101 respondents including 51 pastoralists, 17 human health providers, 28 wildlife secto ...201628299153
a case of silent q fever endocarditis.q fever endocarditis is a rare, culture negative endocarditis caused by coxiella burnetii, a spore-forming gram negative coccobacillus. presenting symptoms can be very non-specific; thus, diagnosis may be delayed. we present a case of a 65-year-old male patient with history of aortic aneurysm who complained of chronic fatigue. he was found to have aortic valve vegetation on routine echocardiography. q fever endocarditis was diagnosed based on elevated q fever serology; there was absence of fever ...201628810106
seroconversions for coxiella and rickettsial pathogens among us marines deployed to afghanistan, 2001-2010.we assessed serum samples from 1,000 us marines deployed to afghanistan during 2001-2010 to find evidence of 4 rickettsial pathogens. analysis of predeployment and postdeployment samples showed that 3.4% and 0.5% of the marines seroconverted for the causative agents of q fever and spotted fever group rickettsiosis, respectively.201627434653
the epidemiology and characteristics of q fever and co-infections with scrub typhus, murine typhus or leptospirosis in taiwan: a nationwide database study.q fever (qf) is a worldwide zoonosis associated with outbreaks. only a few nationwide studies regarding the surveillance and epidemiology of human qf have been reported. although qf is endemic in taiwan, a nationwide database investigation of the epidemiology and characteristics of qf and its associations with scrub typhus (st), murine typhus (mt) and leptospirosis (ls) has never been reported. we analysed nationwide databases of suspected qf, st, mt and ls cases from october 2007 to december 20 ...201627966835
serological and molecular evidence of q fever in domestic ruminants in bangladesh.the objective of this study was to know the herd and animal level prevalence of q fever in domestic ruminants in some selected districts in bangladesh. randomly collected 111 bulk milk and 94 sera samples of cattle, sheep, and goats were tested by indirect elisa (ielisa). dna extracted from 23 aborted fetal membranes was analyzed by real time (rt) pcr. the positive cut-off value of ielisa in bulk milk and individual animal sera was ≥30% and ≥40%, respectively. the overall herd level prevalence o ...201627239369
a serological survey about zoonoses in the verkhoyansk area, northeastern siberia (sakha republic, russian federation).in 2012, a seroprevalence survey concerning 10 zoonoses, which were bacterial (lyme borreliosis and q fever), parasitic (alveolar echinococcosis [ae] and cystic echinococcosis [ce], cysticercosis, toxoplasmosis, toxocariasis, and trichinellosis), or arboviral (tick-borne encephalitis and west nile virus infection), was conducted among 77 adult volunteers inhabiting suordakh and tomtor arctic villages in the verkhoyansk area (yakutia). following serological testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ...201626807914
molecular and serological intraocular fluid analysis of coxiella burnetii-seropositive patients with concurrent idiopathic uveitis.previous studies have suggested a link between q fever and uveitis. we determined whether coxiella burnetii causes intraocular infection in c. burnetii-seropositive patients with idiopathic uveitis.201624945498
q fever dairy herd status determination based on serological and molecular analysis of bulk tank milk.ruminants are recognized as the main reservoirs of coxiella burnetii. efsa highlighted the lack of knowledge about q fever prevalence in many european countries. a cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected dairy herds (n = 109) from central portugal to screen for c. burnetii infection and to correlate it with herd factors. bulk tank milk (btm) samples from cattle (n = 45) and small ruminant (n = 64) herds were tested by elisa and pcr. the apparent seroprevalence of q fever was e ...201625208655
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