Publications

[accidents in children in osterund, 1971].		2015	4486451
[spectroscopic study of some substituted n-(2-diethylamino-ethyl) benzamides].		2015	4774835
an enzymatic determination of ammonia in biological fluids.		2015	4284306
[occupational medicine problems of an aviation physician].		2015	4701759
[occupational medicine problems of an aviation physician].		2015	4701759
development of a generic ehrlichia fret-qpcr and investigation of ehrlichioses in domestic ruminants on five caribbean islands.	the ehrlichia are obligate intracellular gram-negative tick-borne bacteria that are important human and animal pathogens. there is a need for assays to rapidly and reliably detect and differentiate the five generally recognized species into groups in a single reaction: e. canis, e. chaffeensis, e. ewingii, e. muris and e. ruminantium.	2015	26438311
molecular detection and characterization of babesia bovis, babesia bigemina, theileria species and anaplasma marginale isolated from cattle in kenya.	infections with babesia bovis, babesia bigemina, theileria species and anaplasma marginale are endemic in kenya yet there is a lack of adequate information on their genotypes. this study established the genetic diversities of the above tick-borne hemoparasites infecting cattle in kenya.	2015	26420543
tick-borne haemoparasites in african buffalo (syncerus caffer) from two wildlife areas in northern botswana.	the african buffalo (syncerus caffer) is a host for many pathogens known to cause economically important diseases and is often considered an important reservoir for livestock diseases. theileriosis, heartwater, babesiosis and anaplasmosis are considered the most important tick-borne diseases of livestock in sub-saharan africa, resulting in extensive economic losses to livestock farmers in endemic areas. information on the distribution of tick-borne diseases and ticks is scarce in northern botswa ...	2015	25589064
propagation of the israeli vaccine strain of anaplasma centrale in tick cell lines.	anaplasma centrale has been used in cattle as a live blood vaccine against the more pathogenic anaplasma marginale for over 100 years. while a. marginale can be propagated in vitro in tick cell lines, facilitating studies on antigen production, immunisation and vector-pathogen interaction, to date there has been no in vitro culture system for a. centrale. in the present study, 25 cell lines derived from 13 ixodid tick species were inoculated with the israeli vaccine strain of a. centrale and mon ...	2015	26210950
emergence of oriental theileriosis in cattle and its transmission through rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus in assam, india.	the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of theileria in blood samples of crossbred and indigenous adult cows raised under unorganized small scale farming system in a babesia and anaplasma endemic geographical area from assam, india and to see its transmission through rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus ticks.	2015	27047205
investigation of tick-borne bacteria (rickettsia spp., anaplasma spp., ehrlichia spp. and borrelia spp.) in ticks collected from andean tapirs, cattle and vegetation from a protected area in ecuador.	ixodid ticks play an important role in the transmission and ecology of infectious diseases. information about the circulation of tick-borne bacteria in ticks is lacking in ecuador. our aims were to investigate the tick species that parasitize andean tapirs and cattle, and those present in the vegetation from the buffer zone of the antisana ecological reserve and cayambe-coca national park (ecuador), and to investigate the presence of tick-borne bacteria.	2015	25616567
[cardiothyrotoxicosis].		2015	4657071
[assistance in functional rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients].		2015	4625931
replantation of upper extremities.		2015	4607018
symposium on effects of weather and climate on plants and trees.		2015	4774779
[one-stage surgical treatment of complete transposition of great vessels associated with ventricular heart septal defects].		2015	4536383
utilization of non-protein nitrogen in the production of animal protein.		2015	4598416
[reimplantation of extremities or parts thereof].		2015	4486961
[continuing education in pediatrics in the 1980's].		2015	4825280
the heritability of serum lipoprotein and lipid concentrations. a twin study.		2015	4474930
[kinetic manifestations of conformational changes in enzymes].		2015	4469585
[contraception and epilepsy].		2015	4447279
blind intramedullary nailing for tibial fractures.		2015	4430169
[ultrastructural study of the blue histocytes in a case of idiopathic lipidosis of the spleen with ceroid overload (author's transl)].		2015	4355815
brain cholesterol. xv. incorporation of specifically labeled glucose.		2015	4635562
conversion of calciferols to isotachysterols by trifluoroacetic acid.		2015	4540598
synthesis and migration of maize rough dwarf virus in the host cell: an autoradiographic study.		2015	4427107
[the ph in the duodenum, physiological and pathophysiological significance].		2015	4574146
[the concept and practice of day care for schizophrenic patients].		2015	4497978
[preleukemic state with symptoms of aplastic anemia].		2015	4674957
[suicide and attempted suicide. trends, statistics, prevention, help].		2015	4595018
[the morphologic relationship between internal elements of vater-pacini bodies and nodes of ranvier].		2015	4464610
[increasing the reliability of a chromatographic-spectrophotometric method of determining morphine in poppy bolls and in manufactured semiproducts].		2015	4774718
[a two-channel polarization microfluorimeter].		2015	4463466
[histochemical detection of glycogen and rna in inflammatory hyperplasia of the palatal mucosa].		2015	4516964
coronary revascularization in patients receiving propranolol.		2015	4546372
emerging status of anaplasmosis in cattle in hisar.	anaplasma marginale is a rickettsial pathogen responsible for progressive anemia in ruminants leading to huge economic losses. the objectives of this cross-sectional study were to determine the prevalence of anaplasmosis and therapeutic evaluation of traditional line of treatment.	2015	27065645
the characterization and manipulation of the bacterial microbiome of the rocky mountain wood tick, dermacentor andersoni.	in north america, ticks are the most economically impactful vectors of human and animal pathogens. the rocky mountain wood tick, dermacentor andersoni (acari: ixodidae), transmits rickettsia rickettsii and anaplasma marginale to humans and cattle, respectively. in recent years, studies have shown that symbiotic organisms are involved in a number of biochemical and physiological functions. characterizing the bacterial microbiome of d. andersoni is a pivotal step towards understanding symbiont-hos ...	2015	26653035
subdominant outer membrane antigens in anaplasma marginale: conservation, antigenicity, and protective capacity using recombinant protein.	anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne rickettsial pathogen of cattle with a worldwide distribution. currently a safe and efficacious vaccine is unavailable. outer membrane protein (omp) extracts or a defined surface protein complex reproducibly induce protective immunity. however, there are several knowledge gaps limiting progress in vaccine development. first, are these omps conserved among the diversity of a. marginale strains circulating in endemic regions? second, are the most highly conserved ...	2015	26079491
association of anaplasma marginale strain superinfection with infection prevalence within tropical regions.	strain superinfection occurs when a second strain infects a host already infected with and having mounted an immune response to a primary strain. the incidence of superinfection with anaplasma marginale, a tick-borne rickettsial pathogen of domestic and wild ruminants, has been shown to be higher in tropical versus temperate regions. this has been attributed to the higher prevalence of infection, with consequent immunity against primary strains and thus greater selective pressure for superinfect ...	2015	25793966
reduced infectivity in cattle for an outer membrane protein mutant of anaplasma marginale.	anaplasma marginale is the causative agent of anaplasmosis in cattle. transposon mutagenesis of this pathogen using the himar1 system resulted in the isolation of an omp10 operon insertional mutant referred to as the omp10::himar1 mutant. the work presented here evaluated if this mutant had morphological and/or growth rate defects compared to wild-type a. marginale. results showed that the morphology, developmental cycle, and growth in tick and mammalian cell cultures are similar for the mutant ...	2015	25595772
first molecular survey and novel genetic variants' identification of anaplasma marginale, a. centrale and a. bovis in cattle from tunisia.	few data are available about the presence and distribution of anaplasma species in cattle in north african countries. in this study prevalence, co-infections, risk factors and genetic diversity of anaplasma species were evaluated in bovines from northern tunisia. a total of 232 cattle from 36 randomly selected farms in three tunisian localities were investigated for the presence of anaplasma species in blood by real-time pcr and/or nested pcr. overall infection rates of anaplasma spp., anaplasma ...	2015	26117444
bovine anaplasmosis in turkey: first laboratory confirmed clinical cases caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum.	anaplasma species are obligate intracellular rickettsial pathogens that affect the health of humans and other animals. clinical cases of anaplasmosis caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum were evaluated, and the frequency of bovine anaplasma species was determined in cattle. blood samples and thin blood smears were collected from 10 cattle exhibiting clinical signs of tick-borne fever. in addition, blood samples were collected from 123 apparently healthy cattle from the same area. dna was screened ...	2015	26051478
development of a new pcr-based assay to detect anaplasmataceae and the first report of anaplasma phagocytophilum and anaplasma platys in cattle from algeria.	bovine anaplasmosis is a hemoparasitic disease considered as a major constraint to cattle production in many countries. this pathology is at least partially caused by anaplasma phagocytophilum, anaplasma marginale, anaplasma centrale, and anaplasma bovis. the global threat and emergence of these species in animals require the reliable identification of these bacteria in animal samples. in this study, we developed a new qpcr tool targeting the 23s rrna gene for the detection of anaplasmataceae ba ...	2015	25748051
[detection of anaplasma / ehrlichia species of cattle and ticks in aydın region].	the aim of this study is to detect the anaplasma/ehrlichia species of cattle and ticks and to provide knowledge on the prevalence of these species during sampling periods.	2015	26809916
anaplasma marginale and anaplasma phagocytophilum: rickettsiales pathogens of veterinary and public health significance.	anaplasma marginale and anaplasma phagocytophilum are the most important tick-borne bacteria of veterinary and public health significance in the family anaplasmataceae. the objective of current review is to provide knowledge on ecology and epidemiology of a. phagocytophilum and compare major similarities and differences of a. marginale and a. phagocytophilum. bovine anaplasmosis is globally distributed tick-borne disease of livestock with great economic importance in cattle industry. a. phagocyt ...	2015	26346451
pathological observations on clinical anaplasma marginale infection in cattle.	gross and histopathological changes were recorded in a pregnant cattle died of clinical anaplasmosis, a tick transmitted economically important disease caused by anaplasma marginale. grossly emaciated carcass along with pale visible mucous membranes and pale serosal surface, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly was observed. microscopically, in lungs variable extend of interstitial pneumonia, emphysema along with infiltration of mononuclear cells was seen. spleen showed extensive increase in red pulp a ...	2015	26345059
outbreak of anaplasmosis associated with the presence of different anaplasma marginale strains in dairy cattle in the states of são paulo and goiás, brazil.	the present study reports the genetic diversity of anaplasma marginale during anaplasmosis outbreaks in rural properties of the states of goiás and são paulo, brazil. mortality rates of 3.5% (37/1,050) in calves, 4.7% (45/954) in heifers and 1.1% (25/2,200) in lactating cows were observed in a cattle herd of the municipality of mambaí, state of goiás, central-western brazil. in a cattle herd from the municipality of lins, state of são paulo, in southeastern brazil, none of the animals died, desp ...	2015	26648009
molecular biological identification of babesia, theileria, and anaplasma species in cattle in egypt using pcr assays, gene sequence analysis and a novel dna microarray.	in this preliminary study, a novel dna microarray system was tested for the diagnosis of bovine piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis in comparison with microscopy and pcr assay results. in the dakahlia governorate, egypt, 164 cattle were investigated for the presence of piroplasms and anaplasma species. all investigated cattle were clinically examined. blood samples were screened for the presence of blood parasites using microscopy and pcr assays. seventy-one animals were acutely ill, whereas 93 were ...	2015	25591406
development of a multilocus sequence typing scheme for the study of anaplasma marginale population structure over space and time.	bovine anaplasmosis caused by anaplasma marginale is a worldwide disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions where rhipicephalus microplus is considered the most significant biological vector. molecular markers previously applied for a. marginale typing are efficient for isolate discrimination but they are not a suitable tool for studying population structure and dynamics. here we report the development of an mlst scheme based on the study of seven genes: dnaa, ftsz, groel, lipa, reca, ...	2015	25550150
characterization of two strains of anaplasma marginale isolated from cattle in rio de janeiro, brazil, after propagation in tick cell culture.	ide8 tick cell cultures have been used for the isolation and propagation of several isolates of anaplasma marginale. the genetic heterogeneity of a. marginale strains in cattle is diverse in endemic regions worldwide and the analyses of msp1α (major surface protein 1 alpha) gene sequences have allowed the identification of different strains. this study reports the isolation and propagation of two new isolates of a. marginale in ide8 cells from blood of two cattle and their morphological and mole ...	2015	25468764
species distribution modelling for rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) in benin, west africa: comparing datasets and modelling algorithms.	rhipicephalus microplus is one of the most widely distributed and economically important ticks, transmitting babesia bigemina, b. bovis and anaplasma marginale. it was recently introduced to west africa on live animals originating from brazil. knowing the precise environmental suitability for the tick would allow veterinary health officials to draft vector control strategies for different regions of the country. to test the performance of modelling algorithms and different sets of environmental ...	2015	25466219
detection and assessment of risk factors associated with natural concurrent infection of trypanosoma evansi and anaplasma marginale in dairy animals by duplex pcr in eastern punjab.	duplex pcr consisting of two primer sets within a single mixture for the simultaneous detection of anaplasma marginale and trypanosoma evansi was standardized and employed on 219 blood samples collected from cattle (165) and buffaloes (54) from eastern punjab to evaluate the status of concurrent infection and associated risk factors. the reaction produced 257- and 407-bp amplification products targeting repetitive nucleotide sequence of t. evansi and msp1β gene of a. marginale, respectively. the ...	2015	25358242
primary structural variation in anaplasma marginale msp2 efficiently generates immune escape variants.	antigenic variation allows microbial pathogens to evade immune clearance and establish persistent infection. anaplasma marginale utilizes gene conversion of a repertoire of silent msp2 alleles into a single active expression site to encode unique msp2 variants. as the genomic complement of msp2 alleles alone is insufficient to generate the number of variants required for persistence, a. marginale uses segmental gene conversion, in which oligonucleotide segments from multiple alleles are recombin ...	2015	26259814
low temperature affects cattle tick reproduction but does not lead to transovarial transmission of anaplasma marginale.	anaplasma marginale is an obligate intracellular pathogen that infects the erythrocytes of calves, causing bovine anaplasmosis. this rickettsia is biologically transmitted by several species of ticks. in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, rhipicephalus microplus is the main vector. due to their mobility and longevity, the adult males play an important role in the transmission of a. marginale to calves. some studies have demonstrated that a. marginale can be intrastadially and interst ...	2015	26255094
bacterial membranes enhance the immunogenicity and protective capacity of the surface exposed tick subolesin-anaplasma marginale msp1a chimeric antigen.	ticks are vectors of diseases that affect humans and animals worldwide. tick vaccines have been proposed as a cost-effective and environmentally sound alternative for tick control. recently, the rhipicephalus microplus subolesin (sub)-anaplasma marginale msp1a chimeric antigen was produced in escherichia coli as membrane-bound and exposed protein and used to protect vaccinated cattle against tick infestations. in this research, lipidomics and proteomics characterization of the e. coli membrane-b ...	2015	26219233
molecular characterization of anaplasma marginale in ticks naturally feeding on buffaloes.	anaplasma marginale is the most prevalent pathogen transmitted by ticks in cattle in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. however, the tick species involved in the transmission of a. marginale in buffaloes in brazil have not been identified. the objective of the present study was to determine the presence of a. marginale in ticks parasitizing water buffaloes. a total of 200 samples of rhipicephalus microplus, dermacentor nitens, amblyomma cajennense, and amblyomma maculatum were collec ...	2015	26209411
molecular epidemiological survey and genetic analysis of vector-borne infections of cattle in luzon island, the philippines.	in the philippines, vector-borne disease is one of the important problems in the livestock industry. to elucidate the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases in cattle on luzon island, the philippines, the prevalence of five protozoan agents was assessed by polymerase chain reaction. out of the 339 samples, 324 (95.5%), 154 (45.4%), 209 (61.6%), 140 (41.3%), and 2 (0.6%) were positive for anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina, babesia bovis, theileria spp., and trypanosoma evansi infections, respe ...	2015	26138152
molecular detection of novel anaplasmataceae closely related to anaplasma platys and ehrlichia canis in the dromedary camel (camelus dromedarius).	serological surveys have confirmed anaplasma marginale and anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in dromedary camels, but molecular surveys and genetic characterisation of camel-associated anaplasma species are lacking. in this study, we detected tick-borne anaplasmataceae in 30 of 100 (30%) healthy dromedary camels screened using a combined 16s rrna-groel pcr-sequencing approach. nucleotide sequencing confirmed anaplasmataceae genome presence in 28 of the 33 16s rrna pcr-positive samples, with t ...	2015	26096752
correction: association of anaplasma marginale strain superinfection with infection prevalence within tropical regions.		2015	26020787
genetic diversity and molecular phylogeny of anaplasma marginale studied longitudinally under natural transmission conditions in rio de janeiro, brazil.	anaplasma marginale is the most prevalent tick-borne pathogen in cattle in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. major surface protein 1a (msp1a) has been found to be a stable genetic marker for identifying a. marginale isolates within geographical regions. it is conserved in cattle during infection and tick-borne transmission of the pathogen. the aim of the present longitudinal study was to determine occurrences of genetic diversity associated with high prevalence of a. marginale under ...	2015	25985719
pharmacological characterization of a tyramine receptor from the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus.	the southern cattle tick (rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus) is a hematophagous external parasite that vectors the causative agents of bovine babesiosis or cattle tick fever, babesia bovis and b. bigemina, and anaplasmosis, anaplasma marginale. the southern cattle tick is a threat to the livestock industry in many locations throughout the world. control methods include the use of chemical acaricides including amitraz, a formamidine insecticide, which is proposed to activate octopamine receptor ...	2015	25958152
molecular and immunological characterization of three strains of anaplasma marginale grown in cultured tick cells.	anaplasma marginale is an economically important tick-borne pathogen of cattle that causes bovine anaplasmosis. a wide range of geographic strains of a. marginale have been isolated from cattle, several of which have been characterized using genomics and proteomics. while many of these strains have been propagated in tick lines, comparative analyses after propagation in tick cells have not been reported. the overall purpose of this research therefore was to compare the degree of conservation of ...	2015	25943785
loss of immunization-induced epitope-specific cd4 t-cell response following anaplasma marginale infection requires presence of the t-cell epitope on the pathogen and is not associated with an increase in lymphocytes expressing known regulatory cell phenotypes.	we have shown that in cattle previously immunized with outer membrane proteins, infection with anaplasma marginale induces a functionally exhausted cd4 t-cell response to the a. marginale immunogen. furthermore, t-cell responses following infection in nonimmunized cattle had a delayed onset and were sporadic and transient during persistent infection. the induction of an exhausted t-cell response following infection presumably facilitates pathogen persistence. in the current study, we hypothesize ...	2015	25924762
anaplasma marginale major surface protein 1a: a marker of strain diversity with implications for control of bovine anaplasmosis.	classification of bacteria is challenging due to the lack of a theory-based framework. in addition, the adaptation of bacteria to ecological niches often results in selection of strains with diverse virulence, pathogenicity and transmission characteristics. bacterial strain diversity presents challenges for taxonomic classification, which in turn impacts the ability to develop accurate diagnostics and effective vaccines. over the past decade, the worldwide diversity of anaplasma marginale, an ec ...	2015	25802034
molecular and serological in-herd prevalence of anaplasma marginale infection in texas cattle.	bovine anaplasmosis is an infectious, non-contagious disease caused by the rickettsial pathogen anaplasma marginale (a. marginale). the organism has a global distribution and infects erythrocytes, resulting in anemia, jaundice, fever, abortions and death. once infected, animals remain carriers for life. the carrier status provides immunity to clinical disease, but is problematic if infected and naïve cattle are comingled. knowledge of infection prevalence and spatial distribution is important in ...	2015	25732914
occurrence of haemoparasites in cattle in monduli district, northern tanzania.	haemoparasite infections are among the most economically important cattle diseases in sub-saharan africa. the present study investigated the occurrence of haemoparasites in 295 indigenous cattle from five villages (mswakini, lake manyara, naitolia, makuyuni and nanja) of the monduli district, a wildlife-domestic animal-human interface area in northern tanzania. the data showed that the overall occurrence of haemoparasites in the sampled cattle was 12.5% (95% ci: 8.7% - 16.3%), involving single a ...	2014	25685864
first evaluation of an outbreak of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis in southern brazil using multiplex pcr.	outbreaks of tick-borne disease cases in santa catarina, brazil are known, but the presence of the pathogen dna has never been determined. in this study, the first survey of anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina, and babesia bovis dna on blood samples of 33 cattle from an outbreak in ponte alta municipality, santa catarina, brazil, has been carried out. a multiplex pcr detected 54.5% of animals were co-infected with 2 or 3 parasites, while 24.2% were infected with only 1 species. the most preval ...	2014	25352699
study of vitellogenin in boophilus annulatus tick larvae and its immunological aspects.	boophilus annulatus is an important one-host tick in the mediterranean regions and iran. it can transmit the babesia bigemina, babesia bovis and anaplasma marginale to cattle. nowadays, immunization programs by tick proteins is one of the potential methods for the control and prevention of tick infestations. therefore, the characterization and identification of various tick proteins are necessary. vitellogenin is a precursor of vitellin that is produced in mid gut cells and fat bodies in ticks. ...	2014	25382465
problem of ticks and tick-borne diseases in india with special emphasis on progress in tick control research: a review.	ticks, as vectors of several zoonotic diseases, are ranked second only to mosquitoes as vectors. the diseases spread by ticks are a major constraint to animal productivity while causing morbidity and mortality in both animals and humans. a number of tick species have been recognised since long as vectors of lethal pathogens, viz. crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), kyasanur forest disease virus (kfdv), babesia spp, theileria, rickettsia conorii, anaplasma marginale, etc. and the dama ...	2014	25540956
molecular and serological prevalence of anaplasma marginale in water buffaloes in northern brazil.	bovine anaplasmosis, caused by anaplasma marginale, occurs in tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world and is a major constraint on cattle production in many countries. approximately 60% of the buffalo herds in south america are located in northern brazil. however, compared with the research on cattle, research on buffaloes has been neglected. therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the distribution of a. marginale in water buffaloes in northern brazil. a total of ...	2014	24246707
immunogenicity of hypothetical highly conserved proteins as novel antigens in anaplasma marginale.	anaplasma marginale is a tick-transmitted gram-negative intraerythrocytic bacterium and the etiological agent of bovine anaplasmosis. even though considerable research efforts have been undertaken, anaplasmosis vaccine development remains a challenging field. outer-membrane-specific antigens responsible for the ability of more complex immunogens could have a significant role in the protective response. thus, the identification of outer-membrane antigens represents a major goal in the development ...	2014	24126603
infection of water buffalo in rio de janeiro brazil with anaplasma marginale strains also reported in cattle.	anaplasma marginale is the most prevalent pathogen of cattle in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and causes the disease bovine anaplasmosis. the importance of water buffalo in the world economy is increasing. in addition, while water buffalo may serve as a reservoir host for a. marginale, the susceptibility of this host for a. marginale cattle strains in brazil has not been reported. the major surface protein 1 alpha (msp1α) gene has been shown to be a stable genetic marker for iden ...	2014	25260335
the dynamics of erythrocyte infection in bovine anaplasmosis: a flow cytometry-based analysis.	anaplasma marginale (a. marginale) is an obligate intracellular bacterium that infects bovine erythrocytes causing extravascular hemolysis and anemia. in the present work, we combine syto16 labeling of parasitized cells with the statistical power of flow cytometry to study the evolution of erythrocyte infection during bovine anaplasmosis.	2014	25219763
low genetic diversity associated with low prevalence of anaplasma marginale in water buffaloes in marajó island, brazil.	the rickettsia anaplasma marginale is the etiologic agent of bovine anaplasmosis, an important tick-borne disease affecting cattle in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. in endemic regions, the genetic diversity of this pathogen is usually related to the high prevalence of the disease in cattle. the major surface protein 1 alpha (msp1a) has been used as a marker to characterize the genetic diversity and for geographical identification of a. marginale strains. the present study reports ...	2014	25108778
infectious pathogens potentially transmitted by semen of the black variety of the manchega sheep breed: health constraints for conservation purposes.	conservation of genetic resources from endangered breeds may be conducted through germinal banks. preservation of healthy samples is paramount to avoid preserving pathogens shed with germinal products. the black variety of manchega sheep (bms), and endangered breed endemic to south-central spain, is the subject of a conservation program; a germinal bank has been recently established. however, several pathogens circulating in bms flocks may be shed with semen and threaten bms preservation. theref ...	2014	25066603
epidemiology and evolution of the genetic variability of anaplasma marginale in south africa.	bovine anaplasmosis caused by infection of cattle with anaplasma marginale has been considered to be endemic in south africa, an assumption based primarily on the distribution of the tick vectors of a. marginale and serological studies on the prevalence of anaplasmosis in limpopo, free state, and north west. however, molecular evidence of the distribution of anaplasmosis has only been reported in the free state province. in order to establish effective control measures for anaplasmosis, epidemio ...	2014	25024014
development and assessment of a latex agglutination test based on recombinant msp5 to detect antibodies against anaplasma marginale in cattle.	the recombinant protein msp5 has been established as an important antigen for serological diagnosis of anaplasma marginale by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). however, due to the high cost of specialized equipment, this technique is not accessible to all laboratories, especially in developing countries in areas where the disease is endemic. the present study describes the standardization of a latex agglutination test (lat) to detect antibodies against a. marginale based on recombinant ...	2014	24948931
seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in texas cattle.	to our knowledge the seroprevalence of anaplasma marginale in texas has not been reported. the objective of this study was to estimate the point seroprevalence and spatial distribution of texas cattle persistently infected with a. marginale. this was a cross-sectional observational study examining serum collected from 12,000 adult cattle marketed in 23 selected texas auction markets during the second week of july 2011. a random subset of those cattle comprising 1835 individuals was evaluated for ...	2014	24931130
use of percoll gradients to purify anaplasma marginale (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) from tick cell cultures.	anaplasma marginale (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae) is an obligate intracellular bacterium that multiplies exclusively within membrane-bound vacuoles in the cytoplasm of host cells. a number of a. marginale isolates can be propagated in the ixodes scapularis ide8 tick cell line, which provides a reliable source of antigens for a wide variety of studies. however, because of its intracellular nature, separation of bacteria from host cell materials remains an important constraint for researchers. ...	2014	24877977
tabanids: neglected subjects of research, but important vectors of disease agents!	tabanids are nuisance pests for people and livestock because of their painful and irritating bite, persistent biting behavior, and blood ingestion. about 4400 tabanid species have been described; they are seasonally present in all kinds of landscapes, latitudes, and altitudes. high populations have a significant economic impact on outdoor activities, tourism, and livestock production. tabanids are also vectors of animal disease agents, including viruses, bacteria and parasites. however, tabanids ...	2014	24727644
evaluation of humoral and cellular immune response of balb/c mice immunized with a recombinant fragment of msp1a from anaplasma marginale using carbon nanotubes as a carrier molecule.	bovine anaplasmosis is a disease caused by the intraerythrocytic rickettsia anaplasma marginale. surface proteins (msps) of a. marginale are important in the interaction of the pathogen with the host and constitute potential vaccine targets against this pathogen. currently, there is no commercial inactivated vaccine against bovine anaplasmosis that can generate a protective immune response that effectively prevents the development of clinical disease. the objective of this study was to evaluate ...	2014	24606864
prevalence survey of selected bovine pathogens in water buffaloes in the north region of brazil.	although the largest buffalo herd in the occident is in the north region of brazil, few studies have been conducted to assess the prevalence of selected parasitic diseases in buffalo herd. the present study was therefore conducted to investigate the epidemiological of toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, anaplasma marginale, babesia bigemina, and babesia bovis in water buffaloes in the north region of brazil. a total of 4796 buffalo blood samples were randomly collected from five provinces and s ...	2014	24563780
identification and characterization of a trypanosoma congolense 46 kda protein as a candidate serodiagnostic antigen.	trypanosoma congolense is a major livestock pathogen in africa, causing large economic losses with serious effects on animal health. reliable serodiagnostic tests are therefore urgently needed to control t. congolense infection. in this study, we have identified one t. congolense protein as a new candidate serodiagnostic antigen. the 46.4 kda protein (tcp46, gene id: tcil3000.0.25950) is expressed 5.36 times higher in metacyclic forms than epimastigote forms. the complete nucleotide sequences of ...	2014	24492330
a proline racemase based pcr for identification of trypanosoma vivax in cattle blood.	a study was conducted to develop a trypanosoma vivax (t. vivax) specific pcr based on the t. vivax proline racemase (tvprac) gene. forward and reverse primers were designed that bind at 764-783 bp and 983-1002 bp of the gene. to assess its specificity, tvprac pcr was conducted on dna extracted from different haemotropic pathogens: t. vivax from nigeria, ethiopia and venezuela, t. congolense savannah type, t. brucei brucei, t. evansi, t. equiperdum, t. theileri, theileria parva, anaplasma margina ...	2014	24416292
risk factors for anaplasmosis in dairy cows during the peripartum.	anaplasma marginale is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. some studies have suggested that cows during peripartum may present a transient immunosuppression state and development of clinical signs of anaplasmosis. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between some risk factors and the seroprevalence of a. marginale in dairy cows during peripartum in rio de janeiro, brazil. the risk factors analyzed in association with the prevalence of antibodies again ...	2014	24307390
effectiveness of enrofloxacin for the treatment of experimentally-induced bovine anaplasmosis.	four groups of six holstein calves were inoculated with 3.6 × 10(7) erythrocytes parasitized with anaplasma marginale. the criteria for treatment of calves were increasing a. marginale rickettsemia and 30% reduction of baseline packed cell volume (pcv) of each animal. group 1 (g1) received 7.5 mg.kg(-1) of enrofloxacin in a single dose; group 2 (g2) 7.5 mg.kg(-1) of enrofloxacin twice every three days; group 3 (g3) 20 mg.kg(-1) of long-acting oxytetracycline in a single dose; and group 4 (g4) a ...	2014	22534942
molecular survey and sequence analysis of anaplasma spp. in cattle and ticks in a malaysian farm.	this study was conducted to determine the occurrence of anaplasma spp. in the blood samples of cattle, goats, deer and ticks in a malaysian farm. using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and sequencing approach, anaplasma spp. was detected from 81(84.4%) of 96 cattle blood samples. all blood samples from 23 goats and 22 deer tested were negative. based on the analysis of the anaplasma partial 16s ribosomal rna gene, four sequence types (genotypes 1 to 4) were identified in this study. genotypes 1-3 ...	2014	25776603
evaluation of the immune response to anaplasma marginale msp5 protein using a hsv-1 amplicon vector system or recombinant protein.	anaplasma marginale is an intraerythrocytic vector-borne infectious agent of cattle. immunization with the current vaccine, based on parasitized erythrocytes with live anaplasma centrale, shows some constraints and confers partial protection, suggesting the feasibility for the development of new generation of vaccines. the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of sequential immunization of balb/c mice, with herpesvirus amplicon vector-based vaccines combined with protein-based vaccin ...	2014	25458492
anaplasma marginale superinfection attributable to pathogen strains with distinct genomic backgrounds.	strain superinfection occurs when a second pathogen strain infects a host already infected with a primary strain. the selective pressures that drive strain divergence, which underlies superinfection, and allow penetration of a new strain into a host population are critical knowledge gaps relevant to shifts in infectious disease epidemiology. in regions of endemicity with a high prevalence of infection, broad population immunity develops against anaplasma marginale, a highly antigenically variant ...	2014	25287920
immunization-induced anaplasma marginale-specific t-lymphocyte responses impaired by a. marginale infection are restored after eliminating infection with tetracycline.	infection of cattle with anaplasma marginale fails to prime sustained effector/memory t-cell responses, and high bacterial load may induce antigen-specific cd4 t exhaustion and deletion. we tested the hypothesis that clearance of persistent infection restores the exhausted t-cell response. we show that infection-induced t-cell exhaustion, characterized as loss of antigen-specific proliferation, and gamma interferon (ifn-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α) production are partially restored ...	2014	25008904
understanding anaplasmataceae pathogenesis using "omics" approaches.	this paper examines how "omics" approaches improve our understanding of anaplasmataceae pathogenesis, through a global and integrative strategy to identify genes and proteins involved in biochemical pathways key for pathogen-host-vector interactions. the anaplasmataceae family comprises obligate intracellular bacteria mainly transmitted by arthropods. these bacteria are responsible for major human and animal endemic and emerging infectious diseases with important economic and public health impac ...	2014	25072029
high genetic diversity of anaplasma marginale detected from philippine cattle.	a total of 658 cattle in 6 provinces in the philippines were screened for anaplasma marginale infection by using a diagnostic heat-shock operon (groel) gene-pcr assay. the screening-positive samples were further tested using the major surface antigen protein 1a (msp1a) gene-pcr assay. screening pcr results showed 130 cattle (19.8%) were positive for the a. marginale infection. subsequent amplification using the msp1a gene only showed 93 samples (14.1%) to be positive. in addition, 37 tandem-repe ...	2014	24717413
a longitudinal assessment of the serological response to theileria parva and other tick-borne parasites from birth to one year in a cohort of indigenous calves in western kenya.	tick-borne diseases are a major impediment to improved productivity of livestock in sub-saharan africa. improved control of these diseases would be assisted by detailed epidemiological data. here we used longitudinal, serological data to determine the patterns of exposure to theileria parva, theileria mutans, babesia bigemina and anaplasma marginale from 548 indigenous calves in western kenya. the percentage of calves seropositive for the first three parasites declined from initial high levels d ...	2014	24838078
[varicose and aneurysm-like dilatation of deep-situated veins of the lower extremities].		2014	4789220
dose-finding clinical assay of triletide in gastric and duodenal ulceration.	three groups of 15 patients with endoscopically confirmed active gastric or duodenal ulcer were treated over a period of 8 weeks with daily doses of 1, 1.5 or 2 g triletide, an anti-ulcer agent which acts by enhancing the mucosal defence capacity. intensity of epigastric pain and of heartburn and weekly consumption of standard antacid tablets, as well as possible accessory symptoms, were recorded every other week, endoscopy was repeated at the end of treatment and routine haematology and haemato ...	2014	4059296
[study of the behavior of 1 c- 1 a, iga, igm and igg globulins in healthy premature infants and their mother].		2014	4108761
[knee symptoms in children].		2014	3974742
[differentiations in the kinetic field. (conditions for development of the metamere)].		2014	4244915
[significance of immunoglobulins for the diagnosis and evaluation of the course of liver diseases].		2014	4189684