Publications

the effector domain region of the vibrio vulnificus martx toxin confers biphasic epithelial barrier disruption and is essential for systemic spread from the intestine.	vibrio vulnificus causes highly lethal bacterial infections in which the multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxins (martx) toxin product of the rtxa1 gene is a key virulence factor. martx toxins are secreted proteins up to 5208 amino acids in size. conserved martx n- and c-terminal repeat regions work in concert to form pores in eukaryotic cell membranes, through which the toxin's central region of modular effector domains is translocated. upon inositol hexakisphosphate-induced activation ...	2017	28060924
vibrio vulnificus: from oyster colonist to human pathogen.		2017	28056111
successful salvage and reconstruction of a finger threatened by vibrio vulnificus necrotising fasciitis using fenestrated-type artificial dermis and three steps of topical negative pressure wound therapy.	vibrio vulnificus can cause severe skin and soft tissue infection (ssti). the pathogen is an opportunistic marine bacterium that is likely to infect patients with chronic liver disease, patients in an immunocompromised state, and those in end-stage renal disease. v. vulnificus gains entry through soft tissues by direct penetration of a wound by infected marine organisms, such as raw oysters, shellfish and other seafood, or by exposing a wound to contaminated water. despite its ease of entry, v. ...	2017	28052529
a rare glimpse into the morbid world of necrotising fasciitis: flesh-eating bacteria vibrio vulnificus.	necrotising fasciitis is one of the fatal skin and soft tissue infections. vibrio vulnificus is a rare cause of necrotising fasciitis; however, the disease is one of the major manifestations of the bacteria. here, we report one such case in a middle-aged male patient. he presented with the signs of bilateral lower limb cellulitis and altered sensorium. v. vulnificus was isolated from blood culture and also from debrided tissue. though the organism is well characterised, it is a rare causative ag ...	2017	27514968
role of extracellular matrix protein caba in resistance of vibrio vulnificus biofilms to decontamination strategies.	biofilms are recalcitrant and raise safety problems in the food industry. in this study, the role of caba, an extracellular matrix protein, in the resistance of the biofilms of vibrio vulnificus, a foodborne pathogen, to decontamination strategies was investigated. biofilms of the caba mutant revealed reduced resistance to detachment by vibration and disinfection by sodium hypochlorite compared to the biofilms of the parental wild type in vitro. the reduced resistance of the caba mutant biofilms ...	2016	27485973
characterization of clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio cidicii sp. nov., a close relative of vibrio navarrensis.	four vibrio spp. isolates from the historical culture collection at the centers for disease control and prevention, obtained from human blood specimens (n=3) and river water (n=1), show characteristics distinct from those of isolates of the most closely related species, vibrio navarrensis and vibrio vulnificus, based on phenotypic and genotypic tests. they are specifically adapted to survival in both freshwater and seawater, being able to grow in rich media without added salts as well as salinit ...	2016	27468862
in vitro and in vivo anti-vibrio vulnificus activity of psammaplin a, a natural marine compound.	vibrio vulnificus is known to induce severely fulminant and fatal septicemia in susceptible hosts. in the present study, the antimicrobial activity of natural marine product-derived compounds against v. vulnificus, were investigated in vitro and in vivo. twelve pure compounds were isolated from natural marine products and their inhibitory effects on v. vulnificus-induced cytotoxicity were determined in int‑407 cells. among the 12 pure compounds tested, treatment with psammaplin a significantly s ...	2016	27431807
iron and fur in the life cycle of the zoonotic pathogen vibrio vulnificus.	in this study, we aimed to analyze the global response to iron in the broad-range host pathogen vibrio vulnificus under the hypothesis that iron is one of the main signals triggering survival mechanisms both inside and outside its hosts. to this end, we selected a strain from the main zoonotic clonal-complex, obtained a mutant in the ferric-uptake-regulator (fur), and analyzed their transcriptomic profiles in both iron-excess and iron-poor conditions by using a strain-specific microarray platfor ...	2016	27348505
complete genome sequence of vibrio vulnificus forc_017 isolated from a patient with a hemorrhagic rash after consuming raw dotted gizzard shad.	vibrio vulnificus, a resident in the human gut, is frequently found in seafood, causing food-borne illnesses including gastroenteritis and severe septicemia. while v. vulnificus has been known to be one of the major food-borne pathogens, pathogenicity and virulence factors are not fully understood yet. to extend our understanding of the pathogenesis of v. vulnificus at the genomic level, the genome of v. vulnificus forc_017 isolated from a female patient experiencing a hemorrhagic rash was compl ...	2016	27325916
deacylated lipopolysaccharides inhibit biofilm formation by gram-negative bacteria.	the extracellular polysaccharides of vibrio vulnificus play different roles during biofilm development. among them, the effect of lipopolysaccharide (lps), which is crucial for bacterial adherence to surfaces during the initial stage of biofilm formation, on the formation process was examined using various types of lps extracts. exogenously added lps strongly inhibited biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner. in addition, the exogenous addition of a deacylated form of lps (dlps) also inhibi ...	2016	27294580
oxyr2 functions as a three-state redox switch to tightly regulate production of prx2, a peroxiredoxin of vibrio vulnificus.	the bacterial transcriptional regulator oxyr is known to function as a two-state redox switch. oxyr senses cellular levels of h2o2 via a "sensing cysteine" that switches from the reduced to a disulfide state upon h2o2 exposure, inducing the expression of antioxidant genes. the reduced and disulfide states of oxyr, respectively, bind to extended and compact regions of dna, where the reduced state blocks and the oxidized state allows transcription and further induces target gene expression by inte ...	2016	27268058
in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity of tigecycline against vibrio vulnificus.	the aim of this study is to investigate the role of tigecycline in vibrio vulnificus infection.	2016	27260781
vibrio vulnificus vvha induces autophagy-related cell death through the lipid raft-dependent c-src/nox signaling pathway.	vvha, a virulent factor of vibrio (v.) vulnificus, induces acute cell death in a destructive manner. autophagy plays an important role in cell death, but the functional role of vvha in autophagy-related cell death has not been elucidated yet. we found that rvvha significantly increased lc3 puncta formation and autophagic flux in promoting the cell death of human intestinal epithelial caco-2 cells. the cell death induced by rvvha was independent of lysosomal permeabilizaton and caspase activation ...	2016	27250250
glucose induces delocalization of a flagellar biosynthesis protein from the flagellated pole.	to survive in a continuously changing environment, bacteria sense concentration gradients of attractants or repellents, and purposefully migrate until a more favourable habitat is encountered. while glucose is known as the most effective attractant, the flagellar biosynthesis and hence chemotactic motility has been known to be repressed by glucose in some bacteria. to date, the only known regulatory mechanism of the repression of flagellar synthesis by glucose is via downregulation of the camp l ...	2016	27218601
iron- and quorum-sensing signals converge on small quorum-regulatory rnas for coordinated regulation of virulence factors in vibrio vulnificus.	vibrio vulnificus is a marine bacterium that causes human infections resulting in high mortality. this pathogen harbors five quorum-regulatory rnas (qrr1-5) that affect the expression of pathogenicity genes by modulating the expression of the master regulator smcr. the qrr genes are activated by phosphorylated luxo to different degrees; qrr2 is strongly activated; qrr3 and qrr5 are moderately activated, and qrr1 and qrr4 are marginally activated and are the only two that do not respond to cell d ...	2016	27151217
vibrio vulnificus infection and liver cirrhosis: a potentially lethal combination.	we present a case of a 40-year-old man with decompensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis presenting with atraumatic cellulitis of one extremity and severe sepsis that rapidly progressed to compartment syndrome despite broad-spectrum antibiotics. local cultures following debridement revealed vibrio vulnificus, and subsequent history revealed consumption of raw oysters 48 h before presentation. our case points out the unique susceptibility of those with cirrhosis and elevated iron saturation to vibrio ...	2016	27151052
successful treatment of a case of necrotizing fasciitis due to vibrio vulnificus in a cold climate in japan.	vibrio vulnificus infection often occurs in warm regions, frequently leading to necrotizing fasciitis, sepsis, and death. we herein report a rare case presenting in a cold climate region in northern japan, aomori district, of a v. vulnificus infection complicated by necrotizing fasciitis and septic shock. the patient's prior history of injury and typical clinical course were helpful clues to the diagnosis of v. vulnificus infection, and early initiation of antimicrobial treatment saved his life. ...	2016	27086822
phaeobacter inhibens as biocontrol agent against vibrio vulnificus in oyster models.	molluscan shellfish can cause food borne diseases and here we investigated if addition of vibrio-antagonising bacteria could reduce vibrio vulnificus in model oyster systems and prevent its establishment in live animals. phaeobacter inhibens, which produces an antibacterial compound, tropodithietic acid (tda), inhibited v. vulnificus as did pure tda (mic of 1-3.9 μm). p. inhibens dsm 17395 (at 10(6) cfu/ml) eradicated 10(5) cfu/ml v. vulnificus cmcp6 (a rifampicin resistant variant) from a co-cu ...	2016	27052703
[when should notification of an infectious disease be mandatory? a decision aid to determine whether mandatory notification is justified].	in the netherlands, all physicians are required to report cases of certain infectious diseases to the public health services, to allow appropriate control measures. in recent years, various requests have been submitted to add certain infectious diseases to the list of notifiable diseases. in order to decide whether such a request should be granted, we developed a structured decision aid based on a range of existing criteria for mandatory notification, applied in the netherlands and other countri ...	2016	27050495
temperature change induces the expression of vuua encoding vulnibactin receptor and crp encoding cyclic amp receptor protein in vibrio vulnificus.	upon entering the human body, vibrio vulnificus, a gram-negative marine bacterium, must withstand a temperature change (tc) from 25 to 37 °c. this bacterium acquires iron mainly via the vulnibactin receptor (vuua)-mediated iron uptake system (ius), which is under the positive control of cyclic amp receptor protein (crp), a global regulator responsible for catabolite repression. in this study, we examined the effect of tc on the expression of vuua and crp, and the reciprocal relation between vuua ...	2016	27016238
vibrio bacteria in raw oysters: managing risks to human health.	the human-pathogenic marine bacteria vibrio vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus are strongly correlated with water temperature, with concentrations increasing as waters warm seasonally. both of these bacteria can be concentrated in filter-feeding shellfish, especially oysters. because oysters are often consumed raw, this exposes people to large doses of potentially harmful bacteria. various models are used to predict the abundance of these bacteria in oysters, which guide shellfish harvest policy ...	2016	26880841
distribution of fatal vibrio vulnificus necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.	vibrio vulnificus necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections (vnsstis), which have increased significantly over the past few decades, are still highly lethal and disabling diseases despite advancing antibiotic and infection control practices. we, therefore, examined the spatiotemporal distribution of worldwide reported episodes and associated mortality rates of vnsstis between 1966 and 2014. the pubmed and cochrane library databases were systematically searched for observational studies on pati ...	2016	26844475
structural insights on identification of potential lead compounds targeting wbpp in vibrio vulnificus through structure-based approaches.	wbpp encoding udp-glcnac c4 epimerase is responsible for the activation of virulence factor in marine pathogen vibrio vulnificus (v. vulnificus) and it is linked to many aquatic diseases, thus making it a potential therapeutic target. there are few reported compounds that include several natural products and synthetic compounds targeting vibrio sp, but specific inhibitor targeting wbpp are unavailable. here, we performed structure-based virtual screening using chemical libraries such as binding, ...	2016	26795501
prevalence, characteristics and ecology of vibrio vulnificus found in new zealand shellfish.	in new zealand, there have been no known cases of foodborne diseases linked to vibrio vulnificus and shellfish consumption, but two cases of wound infection have been reported. we evaluated the distribution, the effect of environmental parameters, the pheno-genotypic profile and the growth characteristics of strains isolated from shellfish.	2016	26788798
martx effector cross kingdom activation by golgi-associated adp-ribosylation factors.	vibrio vulnificus infects humans and causes lethal septicemia. the primary virulence factor is a multifunctional-autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (martx) toxin consisting of conserved repeats-containing regions and various effector domains. recent genomic analyses for the newly emerged v. vulnificus biotype 3 strain revealed that its martx toxin has two previously unknown effector domains. herein, we characterized one of these domains, domain x (dmxvv ). a structure-based homology search revealed ...	2016	26780191
regulatory characteristics of vibrio vulnificus gbpa gene encoding a mucin-binding protein essential for pathogenesis.	binding to mucin is the initial step for enteropathogens to establish pathogenesis. an open reading frame, gbpa, of vibrio vulnificus was identified and characterized in this study. compared with wild type, the gbpa mutant was impaired in binding to mucin-agar and the mucin-secreting ht29-methotrexate cells, and the impaired mucin binding was restored by the purified gbpa provided exogenously. the gbpa mutant had attenuated virulence and ability of intestinal colonization in a mouse model, indic ...	2016	26755724
flagellin suppresses experimental asthma by generating regulatory dendritic cells and t cells.	although the hygiene hypothesis suggests that microbial infections could subvert asthma and thus a microbial product might serve as a therapeutic adjuvant for asthma, the relationship between bacterial components and asthma is complex. recently, low levels of flagellin, the toll-like receptor (tlr) 5 ligand, have been reported to promote asthma.	2016	26303344
vvpe mediates the intestinal colonization of vibrio vulnificus by the disruption of tight junctions.	the disruption of gastrointestinal tight junctions and their colonization evoked by enteric pathogens are hallmarks of the pathogenesis. vibrio (v.) vulnificus, vvpe, is an elastase which is responsible for host surface adherence and vascular permeability; however, the functional roles of vvpe in the pathogenesis of v. vulnificus (wt) are poorly understood. in the present study, we have investigated the role of vvpe in regulation of intestinal tight junctions and the colonization of wt. we found ...	2016	26552364
effects of pyrogallol on growth and cytotoxicity of wild-type and katg mutant strains of vibrio vulnificus.	vibrio vulnificus is a causative agent of fatal septicemia and necrotic wound infection and the pathogen infection became an important public health problem in many counties. vibrio vulnificus causes rtxa1 toxin-induced acute cell death. we tried to identify natural products that inhibit the acute cytotoxicity of v. vulnificus using a lactate hydrogenase assay. a polyphenol pyrogallol protected hela cells from v. vulnificus-induced cytotoxicity. pyrogallol also decreased the growth of v. vulnifi ...	2016	27936080
role of non-coding regulatory rna in the virulence of human pathogenic vibrios.	in recent decades, the identification of small non-coding rnas in bacteria has revealed an important regulatory mechanism of gene expression involved in the response to environmental signals and to the control of virulence. in the family vibrionaceae, which includes several human and animal pathogens, small non-coding rnas (srnas) are closely related to important processes including metabolism, quorum sensing, virulence, and fitness. studies conducted in silico and experiments using microarrays ...	2016	28123382
cross-protection against vibrio cholerae infection by monoclonal antibodies against vibrio vulnificus rtxa1/martxvv.	gram-negative vibrio species secrete multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (martx) toxins associated with bacterial pathogenesis. here, the cross-reactivity and cross-protectivity of mabs against v. vulnificus rtxa1/martxvv was evaluated. passive administration of any of these mabs (21ra, 24ra, 46ra, 47ra and 50ra) provided strong protection against lethal v. cholerae infection. interestingly, 24ra and 46ra, which map to the cysteine protease domain of v. cholerae martxvc , inhibited c ...	2016	27921342
detection and antimicrobial resistance of vibrio isolates in aquaculture environments: implications for public health.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of vibrio isolates recovered from four different fish pond facilities in benin city, nigeria, determine their antibiogram profiles, and evaluate the public health implications of these findings. fish pond water samples were collected from four sampling sites between march and september 2014. a total of 56 samples were collected and screened for the isolation of vibrio species using standard culture-based methods. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) ...	2016	26540391
vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in south america: water, seafood and human infections.	the bacterial species, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus, are ubiquitous in estuaries and coastal waters throughout the world, but they also happen to be important human pathogens. they are concentrated by filter-feeding shellfish which are often consumed raw or undercooked, providing an important potential route of entry for an infective dose of these bacteria. vibrio parahaemolyticus can cause abdominal cramping, nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, chills and fever. vibrio vulnificus can ...	2016	27459915
effects of intertidal harvest practices on levels of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus bacteria in oysters.	vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus can grow rapidly in shellfish subjected to ambient air conditions, such as during intertidal exposure. in this study, levels of total and pathogenic (tdh(+) and/or trh(+)) v. parahaemolyticus and total v. vulnificus were determined in oysters collected from two study locations where intertidal harvest practices are common. samples were collected directly off intertidal flats, after exposure (ambient air [washington state] or refrigerated [new jersey] ...	2016	27208133
antibiotic resistance of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus in various countries: a review.	vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus are the leading causes of seafood associated infections and mortality in the united states. the main syndromes caused by these pathogens are gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia. this article reviewed the antibiotic resistance profile of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus in the united states and other countries including italy, brazil, philippines, malaysia, thailand, china, india, iran, south africa and australia. the awareness of a ...	2016	27052711
rapid and sensitive detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus by multiple endonuclease restriction real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique.	vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus are two marine seafood-borne pathogens causing severe illnesses in humans and aquatic animals. in this study, a recently developed novel multiple endonuclease restriction real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology (mert-lamp) were successfully developed and evaluated for simultaneous detection of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus strains in only a single reaction. two mert-lamp primer sets were designed to specifically target tox ...	2016	26797596
occurrence of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus in the clam ruditapes philippinarum (adams & reeve, 1850) from emilia romagna and sardinia, italy.	marine vibrios, vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. vulnificus and v. cholerae are responsible of the majority of food-borne human infections by consumption of bivalve shellfish. the aim of the present study was to ascertain the occurrence of these bacteria, and their potential pathogenicity, in the manila clam r. philippinarum from emilia romagna (er) and sardinia (sr) regions, italy. isolation was performed on chromagar(tm) vibrio with subculture on (thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose) agar and m- ...	2016	27800436
quantification of vibrio species in oysters from the gulf of mexico with two procedures based on mpn and pcr.	oysters can accumulate potentially pathogenic water bacteria. the objective of this study was to compare two procedures to quantify vibrio species present in oysters to determine the most sensitive method. we analyzed oyster samples from the gulf of mexico, commercialized in mexico city. the samples were inoculated in tubes with alkaline peptone water (apw), based on three tubes and four dilutions (10(-1) to 10(-4)). from these tubes, the first quantification of vibrio species was performed (mos ...	2016	27709461
prevalence and distribution of vibrio spp. in wild aquatic birds of the southern caribbean sea, venezuela, 2011-12.	vibrio spp. are associated with waterbirds mainly in temperate latitudes. we evaluated the prevalence and distribution of vibrio spp. from fecal samples of resident and migratory aquatic birds collected during october 2011 and march 2012 at two coastal sites in the tropical southern caribbean sea. we amplified dna by pcr in 40% of samples, resulting in 47% and 36% estimated prevalence for resident and migratory birds in cuare wildlife refuge, and 33% and 44% in margarita island, respectively. we ...	2016	27224211
spatiotemporal dynamics of vibrio spp. within the sydney harbour estuary.	vibrio are a genus of marine bacteria that have substantial environmental and human health importance, and there is evidence that their impact may be increasing as a consequence of changing environmental conditions. we investigated the abundance and composition of the vibrio community within the sydney harbour estuary, one of the most densely populated coastal areas in australia, and a region currently experiencing rapidly changing environmental conditions. using quantitative pcr (qpcr) and vibr ...	2016	27148171
isolation and molecular identification of vibrio spp. by sequencing of 16s rdna from seafood, meat and meat products in libya.	the genus vibrio includes several food-borne pathogens that cause a spectrum of clinical conditions including septicemia, cholera and milder forms of gastroenteritis. several vibrio spp. are commonly associated with food-borne transmission including vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahemolyticus, and vibrio vulnificus. microbiological analysis for enumeration and isolation of vibrio spp. were carried out for a total of 93 samples of seafood, meat and meat products from different geographic localities i ...	2016	27004169
detection and quantification of vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio vulnificus in coastal waters of guinea-bissau (west africa).	v. cholerae, v. parahaemolyticus, and v. vulnificus are recognized human pathogens. although several studies are available worldwide, both on environmental and clinical contexts, little is known about the ecology of these vibrios in african coastal waters. in this study, their co-occurrence and relationships to key environmental constraints in the coastal waters of guinea-bissau were examined using the most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (mpn-pcr) approach. all vibrio species were uni ...	2016	26940502
enterobacteria and vibrio from macrobrachium amazonicum prawn farming in fortaleza, ceará, brazil.	to investigate the isolation of enterobacteria associated with macrobrachium amazonicum (m. amazonicum) farming and evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of vibrio strains.	2016	26851782
occurrence and molecular characterisation of vibrio parahaemolyticus in crustaceans commercialised in venice area, italy.	infections due to the pathogenic human vibrios, vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus, are mainly associated with consumption of raw or partially cooked bivalve molluscs. at present, little is known about the presence of vibrio species in crustaceans and the risk of vibriosis associated with the consumption of these products. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence and concentration of the main pathogenic vibrio spp. in samples of crustaceans (n=143) ...	2016	26773255
electrotransfer of the tilapia piscidin 3 and tilapia piscidin 4 genes into skeletal muscle enhances the antibacterial and immunomodulatory functions of oreochromis niloticus.	tilapia piscidin 3 (tp3) and tilapia piscidin 4 (tp4) are antimicrobial peptides recently isolated from oreochromis niloticus. we previously showed that synthetic tp3 and tp4 possessed antimicrobial activities. here, we analyzed the bactericidal abilities and immunomodulatory properties of these amps following the electroporation of pcmv-gfp-tp3 or pcmv-gfp-tp4 plasmid into tilapia (o. niloticus) muscle and subsequent infection with vibrio vulnificus or streptococcus agalactiae. prior overexpres ...	2016	26828260
characterization of prohibitin 1 as a host partner of vibrio vulnificus rtxa1 toxin.	rtxa1 toxin, which results in cytoskeletal rearrangement, contact cytotoxicity, hemolysis, tissue invasion, and lethality in mice, is the most potent cytotoxic virulence factor of vibrio vulnificus. bioinformatics analysis of rtxa1 predicted 4 functional domains that presumably performed discrete functions during host cell killing. v. vulnificus rtxa1 has a unique domain designated as rtxa1-d2, corresponding to amino acids 1951-2574, which is absent in vibrio cholerae multifunctional-autoprocess ...	2016	26136468
necrotizing fasciitis and sepsis caused by vibrio vulnificus and klebsiella pneumoniae in diabetic patients.	vibrio vulnificus related necrotizing fasciitis is a fatal, rapidly progressive soft-tissue infection. necrotizing fasciitis caused by klebsiella pneumoniae is rare, which is indistinguishable from v. vulnificus infection in the emergency room. the purpose of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics and outcome between these two pathogens in diabetic patients.	2016	25179718
rt-pcr-dgge analysis to elucidate the dominant bacterial species of industrial spanish-style green table olive fermentations.	this paper describes the dominant bacterial species metabolically active through the industrial production of spanish-style manzanilla and gordal olives. for this purpose, samples (brines and fruits) obtained at 0, 15, and 90 fermentation days were analyzed by a culture-independent approach to determine viable cells by reverse transcription of rna and further pcr-dgge analysis, detecting at least 7 different species. vibrio vulnificus, lactobacillus plantarum group, and lactobacillus parafarragi ...	2016	27582739
antimicrobial activities of secondary metabolites and phylogenetic study of sponge endosymbiotic bacteria, bacillus sp. at agatti island, lakshadweep archipelago.	twenty-one species of sponges were recorded under the class of demospongiae and calcareous sponges of which 19 species were new to agatti reef. a total of 113 sponge endosymbiotic bacterial strains were isolated from twenty-one species of sponges and screened for antimicrobial activity. five bacterial strains of sponge endosymbiotic bacteria (seb) namely seb32, seb33, seb36, seb43 and seb51 showed antimicrobial activity against virulent marine fish pathogens such as vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio ...	2016	28352539
induced disruption of the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin inhibits acute inflammatory hypoferraemia.	withdrawal of iron from serum (hypoferraemia) is a conserved innate immune antimicrobial strategy that can withhold this critical nutrient from invading pathogens, impairing their growth. hepcidin (hamp1) is the master regulator of iron and its expression is induced by inflammation. mice lacking hamp1 from birth rapidly accumulate iron and are susceptible to infection by blood-dwelling siderophilic bacteria such as vibrio vulnificus. in order to study the innate immune role of hepcidin against a ...	2016	27423740
a c-type lectin that inhibits bacterial infection and facilitates viral invasion in black rockfish, sebastes schlegelii.	c-type lectins (ctls) are important pattern recognition receptors (prrs) that play vital roles in innate immunity. in teleosts, a number of ctls have been reported, but their in vivo effects on host defense are still limited. in this study, a ctl homolog (sslec1) was identified from black rockfish, sebastes schlegelii, and its structure, expression and biological function was analyzed. the open reading frame of sslec1 is 633 bp, with a 5'- untranslated region (utr) of 36 bp and a 3'- utr of 117 ...	2016	27569982
functional analysis of vibrio vulnificus orthologs of escherichia coli rraa and rnase e.	rnase e plays an important role in the degradation and processing of rna in escherichia coli. the enzymatic activity of rnase e is controlled by the protein inhibitors rraa and rrab. the marine pathogenic bacterium vibrio vulnificus also contains homologs of rnase e and rraa, designated as rnase ev, rraav1, and rraav2. here, we report that rraav1 actively inhibits the enzymatic activity of rnase ev in vivo and in vitro by interacting with the c-terminal domain of rnase ev. coexpression of rraav1 ...	2016	26888524
a specific antimicrobial protein cap-1 from pseudomonas sp. isolated from the jellyfish cyanea capillata.	a bacterium strain, designated as cmf-2, was isolated from the jellyfish cyanea capillata and its culture supernatant exhibited a significant antimicrobial activity. the strain cmf-2 was identified as pseudomonas sp. based on the morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics as well as 16s rrna sequence analysis. in this study, an antimicrobial protein, named as cap-1, was isolated from the culture of cmf-2 through ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration chromatography. ...	2016	26529191
characterization of antibiotic resistant and enzyme producing bacterial strains isolated from the arabian sea.	marine bacteria are known to produce many bioactive molecules and extracellular enzymes of commercial importance. we have investigated the bacterial diversity of the coastal area of karwar, karnataka state, india. among these bacterial isolates, five bacterial strains were selected and identified by their morphological, biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences. the identified bacterial isolates, bacillus toyonensis pntb1, lysinibacillus sphaericus pt ...	2016	28330094
[postoperative necrotizing fasciitis: a rare and fatal complication].	postoperative parietal complications can be exceptionally severe and serious threatening vital prognosis. necrotizing fasciitis is a rare infection of the skin and deep subcutaneous tissues, spreading along fascia and adipose tissue. it is mainly caused by group a streptococcus (streptococcus pyogenes) but also by other bacteria such as vibrio vulnificus, clostridium perfringens or bacteroides fragilis. necrotizing fasciitis is a real surgical and medical emergency. we report, in this study, a v ...	2016	27279950
simultaneous identification of 13 foodborne pathogens by using capillary electrophoresis-single strand conformation polymorphism coupled with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and its application in foods.	capillary electrophoresis-single strand conformation polymorphism (ce-sscp) coupled with stuffer-free multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (mlpa) was developed to identify 13 species of foodborne pathogens simultaneously. species-specific mlpa probes were designed for nine of these species. these probes were targeted to the groel, glya, mms, tuf, inv, ipah, nuc, vvh, and 16s rrna genes, which corresponded to bacillus cereus, campylobacter coli, cronobacter sakazakii, enterococcus spp ...	2016	27494415
norovirus (nov) specific protective immune responses induced by recombinant p dimer vaccine are enhanced by the mucosal adjuvant flab.	noroviruses (novs) are a major cause of childhood gastroenteritis and foodborne diseases worldwide. lack of appropriate animal models or cell-based culture systems makes the development and evaluation of nov-specific vaccines a daunting task. vp1 is the major capsid protein of the novs that acts as a binding motif to human histo-blood group antigens (hbgas) through its protruding 2 (p2) domain and can serve as a protective antigen candidate for vaccine development.	2016	27184355
development of a quadruplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for field detection of four vibrio species associated with fish disease.	a quadruplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method was developed to detect four vibrio species, including vibrio ichthyoenteri, vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio scophthalmi, and vibrio vulnificus, simultaneously. four sets of species-specific primers were designed with different restriction sites contained in the inner primers. the quadruplex lamp method could distinguish four vibrio species via the subsequent restriction enzyme analysis. the sensitivity of the quadruplex lamp meth ...	2016	27468405
purification and host specificity of predatory halobacteriovorax isolates from seawater.	halobacteriovorax (formerly bacteriovorax) is a small predatory bacterium found in the marine environment and modulates bacterial pathogens in shellfish. four strains of halobacteriovorax originally isolated in vibrio parahaemolyticus o3:k6 host cells were separated from their prey by an enrichment-filtration-dilution technique for specificity testing in other bacteria. this technique was essential, since 0.45-μm filtration alone was unable to remove infectious vibrio minicells, as determined by ...	2016	26590288
is jump to population-explosion bandwagon justified?		2016	5009981
clinical trial of clomacran phosphate (skf-14336) in chronic psychotic male patients.		2016	4987347
impact of efforts to increase participation in repetitive screenings for early breast cancer detection.		2016	5011163
[aspects of long term care. 1].		2016	4971091
[early postoperative rehabilitation after maxillary resection].		2016	4951118
[glucagon and gastric secretion].		2016	4914558
[the medicine of carlos de sigüenza and sister juana inés de la cruz. contribution to the baroque thought of 17th century mexico].		2016	4913425
james hardy and the devonshire colic.		2016	4890043
[surgery of cancer of the lower esophagus].		2016	4881601
occurrence of gas phase ammonolysis during chemical ionization mass spectrometry.		2016	4847773
[measurement of central venous pressure: only in recumbent position?].		2016	4829023
[subphrenic abscess and its x-ray differential diagnosis].		2016	5076712
[circumstantial study of accidents in minors under 15 years of age (study of 100 cases)].		2016	4791562
[the bioelectrical activity of the muscles in patients following poliomyelitis].		2016	4775888
[determination of the weight and hydration of bacteriophage sd from x-ray small-angle scattering data].		2016	4748892
primary angle-closure glaucoma in urbanized south african caucasoid and negroid communities.		2016	4725852
vascuar and neurological changes in early diabetes.		2016	4720362
first multi-year retrospective study on vibrio parhaemolyticus and vibrio vulnificus prevalence in ruditapes philippinarum harvested in sacca di goro, italy.	the present work describes a retrospective study aiming to verify a possible correlation between the environmental conditions (temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen), the abundance of vibrio spp., and the prevalence of v. parahaemolyticus and v. vulnificus in the manila clam r. philippinarum harvested in sacca di goro, emilia-romagna region, northern italy. on the whole, 104 samples, collected in the period 2007-2015 and submitted to microbiological analyses (isolation and genotyping), have ...	2016	28058248
visualizing evolutionary relationships of multidomain proteins: an example from receiver (rec) domains of sensor histidine kinases in the candidatus maribeggiatoa str. orange guaymas draft genome.	for multidomain proteins, evolutionary changes may occur at the domain as well as the whole-protein level. an example is presented here, with suggestions for how such complicated relationships might be visualized. earlier analysis of the candidatus maribeggiatoa str. orange guaymas (boguay; gammaproteobacteria) single-filament draft genome found evidence of gene exchange with the phylogenetically distant cyanobacteria, particularly for sensory and signal transduction proteins. because these are ...	2016	27895624
capsular polysaccharide production and serum survival of vibrio vulnificus are dependent on antitermination control by rfah.	the human pathogen vibrio vulnificus undergoes phase variation among colonial morphotypes, including a virulent opaque form which produces capsular polysaccharide (cps) and a translucent phenotype that produces little or no cps and is attenuated. here, we found that a v. vulnificus mutant defective for rfah antitermination control showed a diminished capacity to undergo phase variation and displayed significantly reduced distal gene expression within the group i cps operon. moreover, the rfah mu ...	2016	27859050
vibrio vulnificus type 6 secretion system 1 contains anti-bacterial properties.	vibrio vulnificus is a bacterium responsible for severe gastroenteritis, sepsis and wound infections. gastroenteritis and sepsis are commonly associated with the consumption of raw oysters, whereas wound infection is often associated with the handling of contaminated fish. although classical virulence factors of this emerging pathogen are well characterised, there remains a paucity of knowledge regarding the general biology of this species. to investigate the presence of previously unreported vi ...	2016	27798649
a silkworm infection model to investigate vibrio vulnificus virulence genes.	the halophilic marine bacterium, vibrio vulnificus, occasionally causes fatal septicemia in immunocompromised patients. mice are commonly used as experimental animals to investigate the virulence of v. vulnificus, however, a large number of mice are generally required for bioassays. the present study examined whether the invertebrate species, silkworms, can be used instead of mice to investigate v. vulnificus virulence. when the silkworms were inoculated with 1.2x107 colony forming units of v. v ...	2016	27748924
rapidly developing and fatal vibrio vulnificus wound infection.		2016	27617208
faraday cage-type electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of vibrio vulnificus based on multi-functionalized graphene oxide.	a novel faraday cage-type electrochemiluminescence (ecl) immunosensor devoted to the detection of vibrio vulnificus (vv) was fabricated. the sensing strategy was presented by a unique faraday cage-type immunocomplex based on immunomagnetic beads (imbs) and multi-functionalized graphene oxide (go) labeled with (2,2'-bipyridine)(5-aminophenanthroline)ruthenium (ru-nh2). the multi-functionalized go could sit on the electrode surface directly due to the large surface area, abundant functional groups ...	2016	27565793
tigecycline salvage therapy for necrotizing fasciitis caused by vibrio vulnificus: case report in a child.	necrotizing fasciitis caused by vibrio vulnificus is rarely reported in children. we describe a 12-year-old immunocompetent boy with necrotizing fasciitis caused by v. vulnificus. he was cured by radical and serial debridement and salvage therapy with intravenous cefpirome plus tigecycline. the in vitro antibacterial activity of combination regimens and a literature review of pediatric v. vulnificus infection are described.	2016	23751766
partial characterization of bacteriocin produced by halotolerant pediococcus acidilactici strain qc38 isolated from traditional cotija cheese.	during a screening of lactic acid bacteria producing bacteriocin from cotija cheese, the strain qc38 was isolated. based on the 16s rrna gene nucleotide sequencing (516 pb accession no kj210322) and phylogenetic analysis, the isolate was identified as pediococcus acidilactici. neutralized cell-free supernatant was tested for antimicrobial activity against 17 gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens. growth inhibition was achieved against listeria monocytogenes (supplier or indication or source) ...	2016	29334047
heterogeneity of phenotypic expression in a family with swiss-type agammaglobulinemia: observations on the acquisition of agammaglobulinemia.		2016	4930796
two minutes with diabetes.		2016	4810611
ultrastructure of the thyrotrophic cell in the pars distalis of the lizard.		2016	5087951
[2 cases of hyperlipemia observed in dakar].		2016	5047448
thin-layer chromatographic separation of the diphenylindenonesulphonyl derivatives of amino acids.		2016	5056240
[pharmacologic tests for evaluation of the state of the pulmonary vessels in patients with congenital heart defects and severe pulmonary hypertension].		2016	4999544
[comparative study of some technics for determination of transferrin in the blood].		2016	4976288
no excuse for rh failure.		2016	4981721
durability of prosthetic heart valves.		2016	4926359
new problems of myelomeningocele.		2016	4869196
[gonioscopic findings in aphakia. ii].		2016	4865122
isolation and characterization of a vinylic tricarboxyl porphyrin from bile.		2016	4836427
pyriformsinusosotomy. a useful technique for temporary or permanent tube feeding.		2016	4959520
[10 years' studying of plant viruses at the institute of microbiology and virology of the ukrainian academy of sciences].		2016	4899491
platelet survival in patients with rheumatic heart disease.		2016	4811098