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molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes of acinetobacter baumannii isolated from patients in three hospitals in southern vietnam.multidrug resistance in the nosocomial pathogen acinetobacter baumannii limits therapeutic options and impacts on clinical care. resistance against carbapenems, a group of last-resort antimicrobials for treating multidrug-resistant (mdr) a. baumannii infections, is associated with the expression (and over-expression) of carbapenemases encoded by the blaoxa genes. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant a. baumannii associated with infection in three hospi ...201728198682
antibacterial effect of sevoflurane and isoflurane.multidrug resistant bacteria are increasing worldwide and therapeutic options are limited. some anaesthetics have shown antibacterial activity before. in this study, we have investigated the antibacterial effect of the halogenated anaesthetic agents sevoflurane and isoflurane against a range of resistant pathogens.201728198170
patients hospitalized abroad as importers of multiresistant bacteria-a cross-sectional study.the pandemic spread of multidrug-resistant (mdr) bacteria poses a threat to healthcare worldwide, with highest prevalence in indigent regions of the (sub)tropics. as hospitalization constitutes a major risk factor for colonization, infection control management in low-prevalence countries urgently needs background data on patients hospitalized abroad.201728196696
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for avian influenza a (h7n9) patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a case report and short literature review.extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ecmo) is performed as an acceptable life-saving bridging procedure in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards).to patients with avian influenza a (h7n9)-associated ards, ecmo could be adopted as a feasible therapeutic solution. we present our successful experience with ecmo utilized in a respiratory failure patient with h7n9 infection.201728196469
assessment of insertion sequence mobilization as an adaptive response to oxidative stress in acinetobacter baumannii using is-seq.insertion sequence (is) elements are found throughout bacterial genomes and contribute to genome variation by interrupting genes or altering gene expression. few of the more than thirty is elements described in acinetobacter baumannii have been characterized for transposition activity or expression effects. a targeted sequencing method, is-seq, was developed to efficiently map the locations of new insertion events in a. baumannii genomes and was used to identify novel is sites following growth i ...201728193905
co-existence of blaoxa-23 and blandm-1 genes of acinetobacter baumannii isolated from nepal: antimicrobial resistance and clinical significance.molecular analysis of carbapenem-resistant genes in acinetobacter baumannii, an emerging pathogen, is less commonly reported from nepal. in this study we determined the antibiotic susceptibility profile and genetic mechanism of carbapenem resistance in clinical isolates of a. baumannii.201728191309
a medically relevant capsular polysaccharide in acinetobacter baumannii is a potential vaccine candidate.concerns of acinetobacter baumannii infection have increased due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance. in the present study, we determined the capsular polysaccharide (cps) structure of a. baumannii sk44, a clinical isolate from taiwan, to consist of pentasaccharide repeats. we found that cps-induced antibody provided 55% protection against challenge in an animal model. the cps-specific antibody reacted with the surface components of about 62% clinical isolates (342/554 strains) from cross- ...201728190743
in vitro screening of an fda-approved library against eskape pathogens.bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics is an increasingly serious threat to public health worldwide that requires immediate exploration and the development of novel antimicrobial compounds. drug repurposing is an inexpensive and untapped source of new antimicrobial leads, and it holds many attractive features warranting further attention for antimicrobial drug discovery. in an effort to repurpose drugs and explore new leads in the field of antimicrobial drug discovery, we performed a w ...201728190396
genomic sequencing of a strain of acinetobacter baumannii and potential mechanisms to antibiotics resistance.acinetobacter baumannii has been becoming a great challenge to clinicians due to their resistance to almost all available antibiotics. in this study, we sequenced the genome from a multiple antibiotics resistant acinetobacter baumannii stain which was named a. baumannii-1isolated from china by smrt sequencing technology to explore its potential mechanisms to antibiotic resistance. we found that several mechanisms might contribute to the antibiotic resistance of acinetobacter baumannii. specifica ...201728189888
corrigendum to "comparison of the clinical efficacy between tigecycline plus extended-infusion imipenem and sulbactam plus imipenem against ventilator-associated pneumonia with pneumonic extensively drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia, and correlation of clinical efficacy with in vitro synergy tests" [j microbiol immunol infect (2015) 924-933]. 201728185779
aetiology and significance of hospital-acquired infections in mexico.hospital-acquired infections (hais) are infections that develop in the hospital environment and can be acquired by a patient or hospital staff. they are complications that combine diverse risk factors that make an individual susceptible and are frequently caused by endogenous and exogenous bacterial agents. the most commonly studied etiological agents are bacteria and fungi, with the former representing the most common etiological agents reported to the hospital epidemiological surveillance netw ...201728182358
rediscovering the octapeptins.covering: 1975 up to the end of 2016the decline in the discovery and development of novel antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of bacteria that are resistant to almost all available antibiotics. currently, polymyxin b and e (colistin) are being used as the last-line therapy against life-threatening infections, unfortunately resistance to polymyxins in both the community and hospital setting is becoming more common. octapeptins are structurally related non-ribosomal lipopeptide antibiotics t ...201728180225
global assessment of the activity of tigecycline against multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens between 2004 and 2014 as part of the tigecycline evaluation and surveillance trial.multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram-negative organisms are a burden on the global health care system. the tigecycline evaluation and surveillance trial (test) is an ongoing global study designed to monitor the in vitro activities of tigecycline and a panel of marketed antimicrobials against a range of clinically significant pathogens. in this study, in vitro data are presented for mdr acinetobacter baumannii, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, enterob ...201728124025
synergistic activity profile of an antimicrobial peptide against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains of gram-negative bacterial pathogens.infection sustained by multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant bacterial pathogens is often untreatable with the standard of care antibiotics, and the combination of anti-infective compounds often represents the only therapeutic strategy to face this major clinical treat. set-m33 is a novel antimicrobial peptide (amp) that has demonstrated in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria and has shown interesting features in preclinical evaluations. particula ...201728176481
a traceless reversible polymeric colistin prodrug to combat multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram-negative bacteria.colistin methanesulfonate (cms) is the only prodrug of colistin available for clinical use for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram-negative bacteria. owing to its slow and variable release, an alternative is urgently required to improve effectiveness. herein we describe a pegylated colistin prodrug whereby the peg is attached via a cleavable linker (col-aapeg) introducing an acetic acid terminated poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether (aapeg) onto the thr residue o ...201728174100
synergy against extensively drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii in vitro by two old antibiotics: colistin and chloramphenicol.combination antimicrobial therapy is an important option in the fight against gram-negative 'superbugs'. this study systematically investigated the synergistic effect of colistin (cst) and chloramphenicol (chl) in combination against extensively drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii (xdr-ab). the microtitre plate chequerboard assay was used to test synergy against 50 xdr-ab clinical strains. then, three xdr-ab clinical isolates and the type strain a. baumannii atcc 19606 were chosen for further ...201728167347
resistance to polymyxins in gram-negative organisms.polymyxins have recently been re-introduced into the therapeutic arsenal to combat infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. however, the emergence of strains resistant to these last-resort drugs is becoming a critical issue in a growing number of countries. both intrinsic and transferable mechanisms of polymyxin resistance have been characterised. these mechanisms as well as the epidemiological data regarding four relevant bacterial pathogens (escherichia coli, klebsiella ...201728163137
in vitro synergistic antibacterial activity of the essential oil from zingiber cassumunar roxb against extensively drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii strains.in this study, we determined the antibacterial and synergistic activities of the essential oil from zingiber cassumunar against the extensively drug-resistant (xdr) acinetobacter baumannii strains. the antibacterial and synergistic properties of the essential oil from z. cassumunar were examined by agar disc diffusion tests. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) were evaluated by broth microdilution using the resazurin assay. the in vitro time-ki ...201728162962
infectious disease exposures and outbreaks at a south african neonatal unit with review of neonatal outbreak epidemiology in africa.hospitalized neonates are vulnerable to infection, with pathogen exposures occurring in utero, intrapartum, and postnatally. african neonatal units are at high risk of outbreaks owing to overcrowding, understaffing, and shared equipment.201728161461
antibacterial activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) and its synergism with β-lactam antibiotics sensitizing carbapenem-associated multidrug resistant clinical isolates of acinetobacter baumannii.infections caused by acinetobacter baumannii were responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy. however, recently, carbapenem-associated multidrug resistant isolates have been reported worldwide and present a major therapeutic challenge. epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg) extracted from green tea exhibits antibacterial activity.201728160861
reduction in chlorhexidine efficacy against multi-drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii international clone ii.nosocomial infections caused by acinetobacter baumannii international clone ii (ic ii) can cause severe clinical outcomes.201728159381
draft genome sequences of clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii.we report here the draft genome sequences of two clinically isolated acinetobacter baumannii strains. these samples were obtained from patients at the university of colorado hospital in 2007 and 2013 and encode an estimated 20 and 13 resistance genes, respectively.201728153899
a new subclass of intrinsic aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferases, ant(3")-ii, is horizontally transferred among acinetobacter spp. by homologous recombination.the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance among acinetobacter spp. have been investigated extensively. most studies focused on the multiple antibiotic resistance genes located on plasmids or genomic resistance islands. on the other hand, the mechanisms controlling intrinsic resistance are still not well understood. in this study, we identified the novel subclass of aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferase ant(3")-ii in acinetobacter spp., which comprised numerous variants distributed among ...201728152054
resistotyping, phenotyping and genotyping of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase (ndm) among gram negative bacilli from iranian patients.the purpose of this study was investigation of new delhi metallo-β-lactamase (ndm) production among gram negative bacilli.201728150578
gram-negative bacterial infections: research priorities, accomplishments, and future directions of the antibacterial resistance leadership group.antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic gram-negative bacteria is one of the most pressing challenges in the field of infectious diseases and is one of 4 key areas of unmet medical need identified by the antibacterial resistance leadership group (arlg). the mission of the gram-negative committee is to advance our knowledge of these challenging infections and implement studies to improve patient outcomes. studies have fallen primarily into 2 broad categories: prospective cohort studies and interve ...201728350901
multidrug-resistant acinetobacter meningitis in children.acinetobacter species have emerged as one of the most troublesome pathogens for healthcare institutions globally. in more recent times, nosocomial infections involving the central nervous system, skin and soft tissue, and bone have emerged as highly problematic. acinetobacter species infection is common in intensive care units; however, acinetobacter baumannii meningitis is rarely reported. here, we report two cases of acinetobacter baumannii meningitis which was multidrug resistance and ultimat ...201728349005
biology of acinetobacter baumannii: pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and prospective treatment options.acinetobacter baumannii is undoubtedly one of the most successful pathogens responsible for hospital-acquired nosocomial infections in the modern healthcare system. due to the prevalence of infections and outbreaks caused by multi-drug resistant a. baumannii, few antibiotics are effective for treating infections caused by this pathogen. to overcome this problem, knowledge of the pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of a. baumannii is important. in this review, we summarize current s ...201728348979
the antibacterial activities of aditoprim and its efficacy in the treatment of swine streptococcosis.aditoprim (adp) has potential use as an antimicrobial agent in animals. however, its pharmacodynamic properties have not been systematically studied yet. in this study, the in vitro antibacterial activities of adp and its main metabolites were assayed, and the in vivo antibacterial efficacy of adp for the treatment of swine streptococcosis was evaluated. it was shown that salmonella and streptococcus from swine, escherichia coli and salmonella from chickens, e. coli, streptococcus, mannheimia, p ...201728145487
structure and function of the piua and pira siderophore-drug receptors from pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii.the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria presents an efficient barrier to the permeation of antimicrobial molecules. one strategy pursued to circumvent this obstacle is to hijack transport systems for essential nutrients, such as iron. bal30072 and mc-1 are two monobactams conjugated to a dihydroxypyridone siderophore that are active against pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii here, we investigated the mechanism of action of these molecules in a. baumannii we identified two no ...201728137795
plasmid borne carbapenem-hydrolyzing class d β-lactamases (chdls) and adeabc efflux pump conferring carbapenem-tigecycline resistance among acinetobacter baumannii isolates harboring tnabars.here we studied the prevalence and mechanisms of simultaneous resistance to carbapenem and tigecycline and accumulation of resistance determinants reservoirs in genome of acinetobacter baumannii (a. baumannii) clinical isolates. susceptibility of the isolates were measured to 18 antimicrobial agents. genetic diversity of the microbial population was determined using the international clonal lineage typing (ic typing), multiple locus vntr analysis (mlva) and plasmid profiling methods. to detect t ...201728137509
use of colistin in a neonatal intensive care unit: a cohort study of 65 patients.background the emergence of infections related to multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli (mdr-gnb) reintroduced the use of colistin, an antibiotic that was previously abandoned due to adverse effects. however, because of its limited use in neonatal intensive care units, there is very little data about the effectiveness and safety of colistin in children and newborns. in this study, which will be the largest case study in the literature, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of col ...201728135233
pathogenic mechanisms of intracellular bacteria.we wished to overview recent data on a subset of epigenetic changes elicited by intracellular bacteria in human cells. reprogramming the gene expression pattern of various host cells may facilitate bacterial growth, survival, and spread.201728134679
evaluation of antimicrobial persistent activity of alcohol-based hand antiseptics against bacterial contamination.the purpose of this study was to evaluate persistent activity of three alcohol-based antiseptics widely used in the clinical routine containing chlorhexidine, triclosan or mecetronium after hand disinfection. four tests were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of antiseptics on: (i) resident microbiota; (ii) nutrient agar plates (nap) subsequently inoculated with a test organism; and transient microbiota acquired by contact with dry hands (iii), or (iv) a wet inert surface that had been ...201728132117
magnesium alloy az91 exhibits antimicrobial properties in vitro but not in vivo.magnesium alloys hold great promise for developing orthopedic implants that are biocompatible, biodegradable, and mechanically similar to bone tissue. this study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial properties of magnesium-9%aluminum-1%zinc (az91) and commercially pure titanium (cpti) against acinetobacter baumannii (ab307). the in vitro results showed that as compared to cpti, incubation with az91 significantly reduced both the planktonic (cpti = 3.45e8, az91 = 8.97e7, p < 0.001) co ...201728130825
complete genome sequence of acinetobacter sp. strain ncu2d-2 isolated from a mouse.whole-genome sequencing of acinetobacter sp. strain ncu2d-2, isolated from the trachea of a mouse, revealed the presence of a plasmid of 309,964 bp with little overall similarity to known plasmids and enriched in insertion sequences (iss) closely related to is elements known from the nosocomial pathogen acinetobacter baumannii.201728126932
the antibacterial activity of e. coli bacteriophage lysin lysep3 is enhanced by fusing the bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacteriophage endolysin binding domain d8 to the c-terminal region.bacteriophage endolysin is one of the most promising antibiotic substitutes, but in gram-negative bacteria, the outer membrane prevents the lysin from hydrolyzing peptidoglycans and blocks the development of lysin applications. the prime strategy for new antibiotic substitutes is allowing lysin to access the peptidoglycan from outside of the bacteria by reformation of the lysin. in this study, the novel escherichia coli (e. coli) phage lyase lysep3, which lacks outside-in catalytic ability, was ...201728124780
the role of universal stress proteins in bacterial infections.universal stress proteins are ubiquitously expressed in bacteria, archaea and plants and other eukaryotes. a general property of usps is their role in adaptation of bacteria to oxidative stress, high temperature, low ph and/or hypoxia. there is increasing evidence that these proteins facilitate the adaption of bacterial pathogens to the human host environment, thereby facilitating colonisation and pathogenicity. usps in mycobacterium tuberculosis are well studied and may play a role in latency o ...201728120710
erratum to "in vivo selection of pan-drug resistant acinetobacter baumannii during antibiotic treatment" by kim y, et al. (yonsei med j 2015;56:928-934.).this corrects the article on p. 928 in vol. 56, pmid: 26069113.201728120585
contribution of emrab efflux pumps to colistin resistance in acinetobacter baumannii.efflux pumps play an important role in antimicrobial resistance for acinetobacter baumannii. however, the function of the emr pump system and the relationship between emr and drug resistance has not been characterized in a. baumannii. in this study, four possible groups of emr-like genes were found by searching a genome database. among them, a1s_1772 (emrb) and a1s_1773 (emra) were demonstrated to be co-transcribed as a single operon. moreover, during osmotic stress, a1s_1772 showed the largest ...201728120193
saccharothrix sp. td-093 from the thar desert, india: metabolite fingerprinting of antimicrobial compounds and in silico analysis.during a screening program for actinomycetes from underexplored and arid thar desert (india), td-093 was isolated. the isolate was characterized based on 16s rdna sequencing. aqueous and organic solvent extracts of culture supernatant were investigated for antimicrobial activity. bioactive fractions, after column chromatography separation, were subjected to gc-ms analysis. based on 16s rdna sequence result, isolate td-093 showed nearest match to saccharothrix (96%) and is a potential new species ...201728120024
overproduction of outer membrane protein a (ompa) by acinetobacter baumannii is a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia, bacteremia and mortality increase.ompa is a porin involved in acinetobacter baumannii pathogenesis. however, ompa clinical implication in hospital-acquired infections remains unknown. we aimed to determine whether ompa overproduction was a risk factor associated with pneumonia, bacteremia, and mortalilty.201728119484
the influence of two-partner secretion systems on the virulence of acinetobacter baumannii. 201728118093
screening of mutator phenotype in clinical strains of acinetobacter baumannii.to our knowledge, no study has considered the growing colonies of a. baumannii in the inhibition zone of antibiotic disks as an indication of mutator. here, we screened the mutator phenotype in a large series of clinical strains of a. baumannii. a collection of 300 strains were tested for antibiotic susceptibility and yielding colonies in the inhibition zone of antibiotic disks. the mutation frequency (mf) of strains was determined using rifampicin screen agar (300 μg/ml). among strains tested, ...201728111327
nitroxoline: a broad-spectrum biofilm-eradicating agent against pathogenic bacteria.bacterial biofilms are surface-attached communities of slow-growing or non-replicating bacteria tolerant to conventional antibiotic therapies. although biofilms are known to occur in ca. 80% of all bacterial infections, no therapeutic agent has been developed to eradicate bacteria housed within biofilms. we have discovered that nitroxoline, an antibacterial agent used to treat urinary tract infections, displays broad-spectrum biofilm-eradicating activities against major human pathogens, includin ...201728110918
1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thiones as narrow spectrum antibiotics against multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii.with only two new classes of antibiotics developed in the last 40 years, novel antibiotics are desperately needed to combat the growing problem of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug resistant bacteria, particularly gram-negative bacteria. described in this letter is the synthesis and antibiotic activity of 1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thiones as narrow spectrum antibiotics. optimization of the 1,2,4-triazolidine-3-thione scaffold identified a small molecule with potent antibiotic activity against ...201728105270
antimicrobial activity, ame resistance, and a-site binding studies of anthraquinone-neomycin conjugates.the antibacterial effects of aminoglycosides are based on their association with the a-site of bacterial rrna and interference with the translational process in the bacterial cell, causing cell death. the clinical use of aminoglycosides is complicated by resistance and side effects, some of which arise from their interactions with the human mitochondrial 12s rrna and its deafness-associated mutations, c1494u and a1555g. we report a rapid assay that allows screening of aminoglycoside compounds to ...201728103015
key structural elements for cellular uptake of acinetobactin, a major siderophore of acinetobacter baumannii.acinetobactin is a major siderophore utilized by the human pathogen acinetobacter baumannii. the rapid acquisition of drug resistance by a. baumannii has garnered concern globally. herein, acinetobactin and systematically generated analogues were prepared and characterized; the binding and cellular delivery of fe(iii) by the analogues were evaluated. this investigation not only led to the clarification of the physiologically relevant acinetobactin structure but also revealed several key structur ...201728102683
acinetobacter baumannii bacteraemia in patients with haematological malignancy: a multicentre retrospective study from the infection working party of jiangsu society of hematology.acinetobacter baumannii (ab) bacteraemia in patients with haematological malignancies is fatal but rarely reported. we explored the clinical characteristics, drug resistances and prognostic factors in these patients. this multicentre, retrospective study was conducted at the department of haematology wards of 18 tertiary hospitals in china from january 2014 to june 2015. the total clinical isolates from every source were collected from patients with haematological malignancy. haematological mali ...201728101785
cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide from alligator mississippiensis has antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant acinetobacter baumanii and klebsiella pneumoniae.alligator mississippiensis (american alligator), a member of order crocodilia, lives in bacteria-laden environments but is not often known to succumb to bacterial infections. their serum has been shown to have antibacterial activity beyond that of human serum, and it is believed that this activity is partially due to cationic antimicrobial peptides (camps). camps are produced by many organisms as part of the innate immune system. camps are attractive possible therapies against multi-drug resista ...201728089718
clonality and resistance features of acinetobacter baumannii isolates: comparison of icu and burn-ward isolates. 201728089604
hatchery workers' igg antibody profiles to airborne bacteria.occupational exposure to high concentrations of airborne bacteria in poultry production is related to an increased risk of respiratory disorders. however, etiology and in particular microorganisms' potential role in pathogenesis still needs to be elucidated. thus, detection of specific antibodies against occupational microbial antigens may lead to identification of potentially harmful species. for the purpose of igg titer determination, indirect immunofluorescence on various bacterial isolates f ...201728089178
an increasing threat in an iranian referral children's hospital: multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii.acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in the past decades. due to the prevalence of a. baumannii across the world, suitable typing methods to investigate the epidemiological distribution of the organism have been developed. the aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological and molecular diversity of a. baumannii strains isolated from nosocomial infections of hospitalized children in children medical center hospital (cmc), an iranian referral hospital, ...201728088916
antimicrobial activity of photodynamic therapy in combination with colistin against a pan-drug resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn patient.nosocomially-acquired multi-, extensively-, and pandrug resistant (mdr, xdr, and pdr) strains of microorganisms such as acinetobacter baumannii remain a serious cause of infection and septic mortality in burn patients. treatment of patients with nosocomial burn wound infections is often complicated by drug-resistant strains of a. baumannii. today, many researchers are focusing on the investigation of novel non-antibiotic strategies such as photodynamic therapy (pdt). we report a new pdt strategy ...201728088439
systematic review of antimicrobial resistance of clinical acinetobacter baumannii isolates in iran: an update.treatment of acinetobacter baumannii has become a medical challenge because of the increasing incidence of multiresistant strains and a lack of viable treatment alternatives. this systematic review attempts to investigate the changes in resistance of a. baumannii to different classes of antibiotics in iran, with emphasis on the antimicrobial activity of polymyxin b (pmb) and colistin (col). biomedical databases were searched for english-published articles evaluating microbiological activity of v ...201728085571
draft genome sequence of jvap01t, the type strain of the novel species acinetobacter dijkshoorniae.here, we report the draft genome sequence of the type strain of acinetobacter dijkshoorniae, a novel human pathogen within the acinetobacter calcoaceticus-acinetobacter baumannii (acb) complex. strain jvap01(t) has an estimated genome size of 3.9 mb, exhibits a 38.8% g+c content, and carries a plasmid with the blandm-1 carbapenemase gene.201728082506
control of an acinetobacter baumannii multidrug resistance endemic in the icu. recalling the obvious. 201728081920
heterogeneity of carbapenem resistance mechanisms among gram-negative pathogens in lebanon: results of the first cross-sectional countrywide study.carbapenem-resistant gram-negative pathogens have progressively disseminated to different countries worldwide, presenting a serious public health concern. the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in gram-negative bacteria in lebanon, to elucidate molecular mechanisms, and to identify genetic relatedness of incriminated strains. carbapenem nonsusceptible enterobacteriaceae, acinetobacter baumannii, and pseudomonas were collected from 11 lebanese hospitals i ...201728080212
variants of abgri3 carrying the arma gene in extensively antibiotic-resistant acinetobacter baumannii from singapore.to investigate the context of the ribosomal rna methyltransferase gene arma in carbapenem-resistant global clone 2 (gc2) acinetobacter baumannii isolates from singapore.201728073968
evaluation of genotypic and phenotypic methods to detect carbapenemase production in gram-negative bacilli.carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacteria (cp-gnb) are an urgent and expanding public health threat. rapid and accurate identification of these organisms facilitates infection prevention efforts in healthcare facilities. the objective of our study was to evaluate methods to detect and identify cp-gnb.201728073895
the acinetobacter outer membrane contains multiple specific channels for carbapenem β-lactams as revealed by kinetic characterization analyses of imipenem permeation into acinetobacter baylyi cells.the number and type of outer membrane (om) channels responsible for carbapenem uptake in acinetobacter are still not well defined. here, we addressed these questions by using acinetobacter baylyi as a model species and a combination of methodologies aimed to characterize om channels in their original membrane environment. kinetic and competition analyses of imipenem (ipm) uptake by a. baylyi whole cells allowed us to identify different carbapenem-specific om uptake sites. comparative analyses of ...201728069648
synthesis and antimicrobial studies of novel derivatives of 4-(4-formyl-3-phenyl-1h-pyrazol-1-yl)benzoic acid as potent anti-acinetobacter baumannii agents.microbial resistance to antibiotics is a global concern. the world health organization (who) has identified antimicrobial resistance as one the three greatest threats for human beings in the 21st century. without urgent and coordinated action, the world is moving toward a post-antibiotic era, in which normal infections or minor injuries may become fatal. in an effort to find new agents, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial activities of 40 novel 1,3-diphenyl pyrazole derivatives. these comp ...201728065568
udp-n-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (mura) of acinetobacter baumannii (abmura): structural and functional properties.peptidoglycan (pg) is the key component of the bacterial cell wall. the enzyme udp-n-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (mura) catalyzes the transfer of enolpyruvate from phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) to uridinediphospho-n-acetylglucosamine (unag), which is the first committed step of pg biosynthesis. here, we present the biochemical and structural features of the mura enzyme of the opportunistic pathogen acinetobacter baumannii (abmura). the recombinant abmura exists as a monomer in solution ...201728064057
epidemiology and control measures of outbreaks due to antibiotic-resistant organisms in europe (embargo): a systematic review protocol.improving our understanding of outbreaks due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria (arb) and their control is critical in the current public health scenario. the threat of outbreaks due to arb requires multifaceted efforts. however, a global overview of epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks due to arb and effective infection control measures is missing. in this paper, we describe the protocol of a systematic review aimed at mapping and characterising the epidemiological aspects of outbreaks du ...201728057656
molecular epidemiology of bla oxa-23 -producing carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii in a single institution over a 65-month period in north china.carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii poses a significant threat to hospitalized patients, as few therapeutic options remain. thus, we investigated the molecular epidemiology and mechanism of resistance of carbapenem-resistant a.baumannii isolates in beijing, china.201728056839
exploiting quorum sensing inhibition for the control of pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii biofilms.pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii are two of the main bacteria responsible for nosocomial infections; both organisms are resistant to several classes of antibiotics making their infections very difficult to treat. moreover, they possess a remarkable ability to form biofilms, which further enhances their antimicrobial resistance. both organisms coordinate their formation of biofilms and their expression of virulence factors through quorum sensing, a system that regulates gene exp ...201728056745
in vitro activity of antimicrobial agents against multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii. 201728056222
rage-mediated suppression of interleukin-10 results in enhanced mortality in a murine model of acinetobacter baumannii sepsis.the receptor for advanced glycation end products (rage) is a pattern recognition receptor capable of recognizing multiple pathogen-associated and danger-associated molecular patterns that contributes to the initiation and potentiation of inflammation in many disease processes. during infection, rage functions to either exacerbate disease severity or enhance pathogen clearance depending on the pathogen studied. acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic human pathogen capable of causing severe i ...201728052995
high-dose ampicillin-sulbactam combinations combat polymyxin-resistant acinetobacter baumannii in a hollow-fiber infection model.acinetobacter baumannii is emerging with resistance to polymyxins. in 24-h time-kill experiments, high-dose ampicillin-sulbactam in combination with meropenem and polymyxin b achieved additivity or synergy against 10(8) cfu/ml of two clinical a. baumannii isolates resistant to all three drugs (maximum reductions, 1.6 and 3.1 logs). in a 14-day hollow-fiber infection model, high-dose ampicillin-sulbactam (8/4 g every 8 h, respectively) in combination with meropenem (2 g every 8 h) and polymyxin b ...201728052852
antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-negative eskape pathogens isolated from hospitalized patients with intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections in asia-pacific countries: smart 2013-2015.gram-negative eskape pathogens (klebsiella pneumoniae, acinetobacter baumannii, pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacter spp.) are responsible for increases in antimicrobial-resistant infections worldwide. we determined in vitro susceptibilities to eight parenteral antimicrobial agents using clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution methodology for gram-negative eskape pathogens isolated from hospitalized patients with intra-abdominal infections (iais) (n=3052) and urinary t ...201728051952
the kl24 gene cluster and a genomic island encoding a wzy polymerase contribute genes needed for synthesis of the k24 capsular polysaccharide by the multiply antibiotic resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolate rch51.the whole genome sequence of the multiply antibiotic resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolate rch51 belonging to sequence type st103 (institut pasteur scheme) revealed that the set of genes at the capsule locus, kl24, includes four genes predicted to direct the synthesis of 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-d-galactose (d-fuc3nac) and this sugar was found in the capsular polysaccharide (cps). one of these genes, fdte, encodes a novel bifunctional protein with an n-terminal fdta 3,4-ketoisomerase domain a ...201728100307
mortality in patients with septic shock by multidrug resistant bacteria.patients with septic shock by multidrug resistant (mdr) microorganism maybe considered a specific population of critical patients at very high risk of death in whom the effects of standard sepsis treatment has never been assessed. the objective of this retrospective analysis was to evaluate the risk factors for 30-day mortality and the impact of sepsis management in patients with septic shock caused by mdr bacteria.201728100110
the impact of primer sets on detection of the gene encoding biofilm-associated protein (bap) in acinetobacter baumannii: in silico and in vitro analysis.the acinetobacter baumannii virulence protein bap is encoded by a large gene and contains both variable sequence and repetitive modules. to date, four primer sets targeting different regions of bap have been designed, but no study has evaluated all these primers simultaneously for detection of bap. here, we assessed the effect of primer sets bap i-iv, on detection of bap both in silico and in vitro. using the primer set bap ii, all 143 tested strains yielded an amplicon corresponding to the bap ...201728099994
rectal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase producing gram-negative bacilli in intensive care units in tunisia.this study was conducted to evaluate the rate of fecal carriage of gram-negative bacilli (gnb) resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (third gc) in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (icu) of charles nicolle hospital of tunis and to identify the enzymatic mechanisms involved. from february to april 2014, rectal swabs were collected from all patients (n = 38) at admission and once weekly thereafter to identify acquisition. they were cultured on desoxycholate-lactose-agar plate ...201728099062
determinants of antibacterial spectrum and resistance potential of the elongation factor g inhibitor argyrin b in key gram-negative pathogens.argyrins are natural products with antibacterial activity against gram-negative pathogens, such as pseudomonas aeruginosa, burkholderia multivorans, and stenotrophomonas maltophilia we previously showed that argyrin b targets elongation factor g (fusa). here, we show that argyrin b activity against p. aeruginosa pao1 (mic = 8 μg/ml) was not affected by deletion of the mexab-oprm, mexxy-oprm, mexcd-oprj, or mexef-oprn efflux pump. however, argyrin b induced expression of mexxy, causing slight but ...201728096160
nlrp3 inflammasome mediates interleukin-1β production in immune cells in response to acinetobacter baumannii and contributes to pulmonary inflammation in mice.acinetobacter baumannii is a multi-drug resistant, gram-negative bacteria and infection with this organism is one of the major causes of mortality in intensive care units. inflammasomes are multiprotein oligomers that include caspase-1, and their activation is required for maturation of interleukin-1β (il-1β). inflammasome signalling is involved in host defences against various microbial infections, but the precise mechanism by which a. baumannii activates inflammasomes and the roles of relevant ...201728032341
per-8, a novel extended-spectrum β-lactamase per variant, from an acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate in nepal.a novel per-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase, per-8, was identified in an acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate obtained in nepal. the amino acid sequence of per-8 has a substitution at position 39 (gly to glu) compared with that of per-7. the kcat/km ratio of per-8 for aztreonam was lower than that of per-7, while the kcat/km ratio of per-8 for imipenem was higher than that of per-7. the genomic environment surrounding blaper-8 was inti1 blapse-1qacedi suli iscr1-blaper-8gts suli orfx on a ...201728031203
modeling acinetobacter baumannii wound infections: the critical role of iron.acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an increasingly important and successful opportunistic human pathogen due to its ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions, its characteristic virulence factors, and quick adaptability to stress.201728030490
variables determining mortality in patients with acinetobacter baumannii meningitis/ventriculitis treated with intrathecal colistin.to examine the variables associated with mortality in patients with acinetobacter baumannii-related central nervous system infections treated with intrathecal colistin.201728013184
manual resuscitators in successive use in the same patient: reservoir of multi- and extensively resistant bacteria.to determine the bacterial load on manual resuscitators (mrs), swab samples of mr connectors from a brazilian intensive care unit were collected at time zero, and after 24 and 48h use in the same patient. from 20 mrs, a total of 54 bacteria were isolated: six at t=0, 17 at t=24, and 31 at t=48. staphylococcus aureus, acinetobacter baumannii, serratia marcescens, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were the predominant isolates, and multidrug resistance was widespread in all species. greater awareness of ...201728012582
exploring the resistance mechanism of imipenem in carbapenem hydrolysing class d beta-lactamases oxa-143 and its variant oxa-231 (d224a) expressing acinetobacter baumannii: an in-silico approach.acinetobacter baumannii (a. baumannii), is a gram negative, coccobacilli and is associated with nosocomial infections. the bacterium has developed resistance to all known classes of antibiotics. multi-drug resistant a. baumannii infections have been treated with the carbapenem group of antibiotics like imipenem and meropenem. recent reports indicate that a. baumannii has acquired resistance to imipenem due to the secretion of carbapenem hydrolysing class d beta-lactamases (chdls). such chdls fou ...201728012345
elevated prevalence of multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii with extensive genetic diversity in the largest burn centre of northeast iran.the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (mdr) acinetobacter baumannii isolates is now frequently associated with nosocomial infections. the aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic relatedness and patterns of antimicrobial resistance amongst a. baumannii isolated from a burn centre at a teaching hospital in iran.201728011349
genetic characterisation of carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria isolated from the university hospital mohamed boudiaf in ouargla, southern algeria.the aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology and the genetic support of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae and acinetobacter spp. isolates collected in the university hospital of ouargla, southern algeria.201728007519
a point-prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infection in fifty-two chinese hospitals.healthcare-associated infection (hcai) represents a major problem for patient safety worldwide.201728007308
in vivo fitness adaptations of colistin-resistant acinetobacter baumannii isolates to oxidative stress.the loss of fitness in colistin-resistant (cr) acinetobacter baumannii was investigated using longitudinal isolates from the same patient. early cr isolates were outcompeted by late cr isolates for growth in broth and survival in the lungs of mice. fitness loss was associated with an increased susceptibility to oxidative stress since early cr strains had reduced in vitro survival in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and decreased catalase activity compared to that of late cr and colistin-suscept ...201727993849
prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of acinetobacter spp. isolated from meat.the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of acinetobacter spp. from fifty samples of meat (chicken, turkey, beef and pork) were evaluated. acinetobacter spp. was recovered from all samples and the clonal relatedness of 223 isolates identified to belong to the genus acinetobacter was established by pfge. a high genetic diversity was observed and 166 isolates from different samples, 141 representing different pfge profiles, were further identified to the species level by rpob gene sequencing. thir ...201727992816
identification of antibiotic resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii strain, mdr-shh02, using whole-genome sequencing.this study aimed to investigate antibiotic resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant (mdr) acinetobacter baumannii (a. baumanii) strain, mdr-shh02, using whole‑genome sequencing (wgs). the antibiotic resistance of mdr-shh02 isolated from a patient with breast cancer to 19 types of antibiotics was determined using the kirby‑bauer method. wgs of mdr-shh02 was then performed. following quality control and transcriptome assembly, functional annotation of genes was conducted, and the phylogenetic t ...201728035408
detection of eskape bacterial pathogens at the point of care using isothermal dna-based assays in a portable degas-actuated microfluidic diagnostic assay platform.an estimated 1.5 billion microbial infections occur globally each year and result in ∼4.6 million deaths. a technology gap associated with commercially available diagnostic tests in remote and underdeveloped regions prevents timely pathogen identification for effective antibiotic chemotherapies for infected patients. the result is a trial-and-error approach that is limited in effectiveness, increases risk for patients while contributing to antimicrobial drug resistance, and reduces the lifetime ...201727986722
clinical and pathophysiological overview of acinetobacter infections: a century of challenges.summaryacinetobacter is a complex genus, and historically, there has been confusion about the existence of multiple species. the species commonly cause nosocomial infections, predominantly aspiration pneumonia and catheter-associated bacteremia, but can also cause soft tissue and urinary tract infections. community-acquired infections by acinetobacter spp. are increasingly reported. transmission of acinetobacter and subsequent disease is facilitated by the organism's environmental tenacity, resi ...201727974412
multi-omics approach to study global changes in a triclosan-resistant mutant strain of acinetobacter baumannii atcc 17978.acinetobacter baumannii ab042, a triclosan-resistant mutant strain, was examined for modulated gene expression using whole-genome sequencing, transcriptomics and proteomics in order to understand the mechanism of triclosan resistance as well as its impact on a. baumannii. data revealed modulated expression of the fatty acid metabolism pathway, co-factors known to play a role in the synthesis of fatty acids, as well as several transcriptional regulators. the membrane composition of the mutant rev ...201727939676
repurposing the anticancer drug mitomycin c for the treatment of persistent acinetobacter baumannii infections.acinetobacter baumannii is an emergent opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for recalcitrant infections owing to its high intrinsic tolerance to most antibiotics; therefore, suitable strategies to treat these infections are needed. one plausible approach is the repurposing of drugs that are already in use. among them, anticancer drugs may be especially useful due their cytotoxic activities and ample similarities between bacterial infections and growing tumours. in this work, the effectiv ...201727939675
evaluation of a modified cleaning procedure in the prevention of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii clonal spread in a burn intensive care unit using a high-sensitivity luminometer.enhanced environmental cleaning practices are among the most accepted measures for controlling the spread of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii (cr-ab).201727939245
identification of the ferric-acinetobactin outer membrane receptor in aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and structure-activity relationships of synthetic acinetobactin analogues.aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis in several fish species, produces acinetobactin and amonabactin as siderophores. in a previous study, we chemically characterized these siderophores and proposed a biosynthetic pathway based on genetic analysis. however, the internalization mechanisms of ferric-acinetobactin and ferric-amonabactin remain largely unknown. in the present study, we demonstrate that the outer membrane protein fstb is the ferric-acinetobact ...201727936588
molecular characterisation of antimicrobial resistance in pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii during 2014 and 2015 collected across india.surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (amr) is of great importance. pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannii are important pathogens and emergence of resistance in these have increased the morbidity and mortality rates. this surveillance study was initiated by the government of india - indian council of medical research. the aim of this study is to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and to characterise the enzyme mediated antimicrobial resistance such as extended spe ...201727934820
frequency of antiseptic resistance genes and reduced susceptibility to biocides in carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii.the aim of this study is to determine the frequency of quaternary ammonium compound-resistant genes, including qaca/b, qacc/d, qace, qacδe1, qacg, qacj, and β-lactamase genes, including blactx-m, blatem, blashv, blaoxa-23, blavim, blaimp, blandm and blagim in 51 isolates of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii collected over a period of 2 years and to determine the mic of chlorhexidine and quaternary ammonium compound-based disinfectant benzalkonium chloride. the qac and bla genes were d ...201727930267
refugees and antimicrobial resistance: a systematic review.there is a large increase in the numbers of refugees and asylum seekers worldwide and a lack of data on the carriage of antimicrobial resistance in refugee/asylum seeking groups.201727919742
a study of pre-operative presence of micro-organisms in affected knee joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients who need total knee arthroplasty.to evaluate, by way of intraoperative tissue culture and pathological study, the pre-operative presence of micro-organisms in knee joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) who need total knee arthroplasty (tka).201727919672
maldi-tof/ms identification of species from the acinetobacter baumannii (ab) group revisited: inclusion of the novel a. seifertii and a. dijkshoorniae species.rapid identification of acinetobacter species is critical as members of the a. baumannii (ab) group differ in antibiotic susceptibility and clinical outcomes. a. baumannii, a. pittii, and a. nosocomialis can be identified by maldi-tof/ms, while the novel species a. seifertii and a. dijkshoorniae cannot. low identification rates for a. nosocomialis also have been reported. we evaluated the use of maldi-tof/ms to identify isolates of a. seifertii and a. dijkshoorniae and revisited the identificati ...201727919649
emergence of oxa-72-producing acinetobacter baumannii belonging to high-risk clones (cc15 and cc79) in different brazilian states. 201727919299
comparative transcriptomics analyses of the different growth states of multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii.multidrug-resistant (mdr) acinetobacter baumannii is an important bacterial pathogen commonly associated with hospital acquired infections. a. baumannii can remain viable and hence virulent in the environment for a long period of time due primarily to its ability to form biofilms. a total of 459 cases of mdr a. baumannii our hospital collected from march 2014 to march 2015 were examined in this study, and a representative isolate selected for high-throughput mrna sequencing and comparison of gen ...201727916419
the epidemiology of carbapenemases in latin america and the caribbean.enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas spp., and acinetobacter spp. infections are major causes of morbidity and mortality, especially due to the emergence and spread of β-lactamases. carbapenemases, which are β-lactamases with the capacity to hydrolyze or inactivate carbapenems, have become a serious concern as they have the largest hydrolytic spectrum and therefore limit the utility of most β-lactam antibiotics. areas covered: here, we present an update of the current status of carbapenemases in lati ...201727915487
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