Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| estimated annual numbers of foodborne pathogen-associated illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths, france, 2008-2013. | estimates of the annual numbers of foodborne illnesses and associated hospitalizations and deaths are needed to set priorities for surveillance, prevention, and control strategies. the objective of this study was to determine such estimates for 2008-2013 in france. we considered 15 major foodborne pathogens (10 bacteria, 3 viruses, and 2 parasites) and estimated that each year, the pathogens accounted for 1.28-2.23 million illnesses, 16,500-20,800 hospitalizations, and 250 deaths. campylobacter ... | 2017 | 28820137 |
| valuable antibody detection method for classifying hepatitis e virus genotypes. | nucleotide-based methods are conventionally used to classify the hepatitis e virus (hev) genotypes. a serological enzyme immunoassay (eia) using open reading frame 3 (orf3) c-terminal peptides was developed to conveniently and accurately classify and evaluate the genotypes of hev. the sera of mice immunized with hev genotype 1, 3 and 4 reacted highly specifically to the peptides of the corresponding genotypes. most (84.2%) clinical sera infected with hev genotype 4 were positive for anti-hev ant ... | 2017 | 28817198 |
| zinc salts block hepatitis e virus replication by inhibiting the activity of viral rna-dependent rna polymerase. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes an acute, self limiting hepatitis in normal individuals and leads to chronic disease in immunocompromised individuals. hev infection in pregnant women results in a more severe outcome, with the mortality rate going upto 30%. though the virus usually causes sporadic infection, epidemics have been reported in developing and resource starved countries. no specific anti-viral exists against hev. a combination of interferon and ribavirin therapy has been used to control ... | 2017 | 28814517 |
| a phase 1 randomized open-label clinical study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a novel recombinant hepatitis e vaccine. | this study aimed to evaluate the safety and tolerability for variable dosages of a novel hepatitis e vaccine p179. | 2017 | 28803715 |
| summary of the british transplantation society uk guidelines for hepatitis e and solid organ transplantation. | the incidence and prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has increased in many developed countries over the last decade, predominantly due to infection with genotype 3 (g3) hev. infection with hev g3 is important in transplant recipients because it can persist in immunosuppressed individuals, leading if untreated to the development of chronic hepatitis and significant liver fibrosis. the british transplantation society (bts) has developed guidelines for "hepatitis e & solid organ transp ... | 2017 | 28795981 |
| unexplained abnormal liver function in patients with primary antibody deficiency: could it be chronic hepatitis e infection? | data from recent studies suggest rising incidence rate of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in the uk. hev infection may take a severe and persistent course in immunocompromised patients, including transplant recipients on immunosuppressives, patients with hiv, haematological malignancies and in idiopathic cd4(+) t lymphocytopenia. the prevalence of hev in primary antibody deficiency (pad) disorders is still unknown. the aim of this study was to investigate hev infection in 27 patients with pad ... | 2017 | 28794125 |
| frequency of hepatitis e virus, rotavirus and porcine enteric calicivirus at various stages of pork carcass processing in two pork processing plants. | hepatitis e virus (hev), rotavirus (rv), and porcine enteric calicivirus (pec) infections are common in swine and raises concerns about the potential for zoonotic transmission through undercooked meat products. enteric viruses can potentially contaminate carcasses during meat processing operations. there is a lack of information on the prevalence and control of enteric viruses in the pork processing chain. this study compared the incidence and levels of contamination of hog carcasses with hev, r ... | 2017 | 28783534 |
| distinct changing profiles of hepatitis a and e virus infection among patients with acute hepatitis in mongolia: the first report of the full genome sequence of a novel genotype 1 hepatitis e virus strain. | in january 2012, mongolia started a hepatitis a vaccination program, which has not yet been evaluated. the first occurrence of autochthonous acute hepatitis e in 2013, caused by genotype 4 hepatitis e virus (hev), suggests the need for a routine study to monitor its prevalence. one hundred fifty-four consecutive patients who were clinically diagnosed with acute hepatitis between 2014 and 2015 in ulaanbaatar, mongolia were studied. by serological and molecular testing followed by sequencing and p ... | 2017 | 28776712 |
| a cross-sectional study among polish hunters: seroprevalence of hepatitis e and the analysis of factors contributing to hev infections. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is known as zoonotic agent. the main reservoirs of hev in europe are pigs, wild boars, and deer. hunting activity is considered to be a risk factor for hev infection. we conducted a cross-sectional study among 1021 polish hunters. to understand socio-demographic characteristics of this population and to gather information on potential exposures, all participants completed a questionnaire. commercial immunoassays were employed to estimate seroprevalence anti-hev. samples w ... | 2017 | 28776194 |
| clinical phenotype and outcome of hepatitis e virus-associated neuralgic amyotrophy. | to determine the clinical phenotype and outcome in hepatitis e virus-associated neuralgic amyotrophy (hev-na). | 2017 | 28768846 |
| different susceptibility and pathogenesis of rabbit genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev-3) and human hev-3 (jrc-he3) in spf rabbits. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an increasingly important zoonotic infection in humans with hev genotypes 3 and 4 being recognized as zoonotic pathogens. the relatively recently isolated genotype 3 rabbit hev (rhev-3) and the more well known genotype 3 isolates from humans and swine (hshev-3) have all been confirmed experimentally to be capable of infecting both non-human primates and specific-pathogen free (spf) pigs. in a previous study rhev-3 was shown to cause acute hepatitis in experimentally in ... | 2017 | 28757007 |
| pork products associated with human infection caused by an emerging phylotype of hepatitis e virus in england and wales. | since 2010, human hepatitis e infections have increased in england and wales. most cases are locally acquired and caused by hepatitis e virus genotype 3 (hev g3). hev g3 is linked to the consumption of pork products. the increase is associated with the emergence of a new phylotype, hev g3-group 2 (g3-2, also known as g3abcdhij). sixty individuals with confirmed hepatitis e infection and no history of travel outside the uk were recruited: 19 were infected with hev g3-group 1 (g3-1 or g3efg) and 4 ... | 2017 | 28756783 |
| the serological surveillance of hepatitis e virus among hunters and foresters in eastern poland. | the aim of the study was the analysis of the occurrence of specific antibodies against hev among hunters and foresters who are at risk to be exposed. the study group consisted of 210 hunters (23-80 years old) and 60 foresters (22-64 years old). anti-hev igg were present in 3.81% of the samples of the hunters and in 5% of the samples of the foresters. the statistical analysis shows no significant differences in the results anti-hev igg between the groups of hunters and foresters (p = 0.5278). sig ... | 2017 | 28735306 |
| hepatitis e virus infection and acute non-traumatic neurological injury: a prospective multicentre study. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has been associated with a number of neurological syndromes, but causality has not yet been established. the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between hev and neurological illness by prospective hev testing of patients presenting with acute non-traumatic neurological injury. | 2017 | 28734938 |
| genotype-specific acquisition, evolution and adaptation of characteristic mutations in hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a major cause of acute hepatitis but also provokes chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. although the pathogenesis and treatment outcome involve complex interplay between the virus and host, the nature of adaptive responses of hev to the host immune system remain obscure at best. in this study, we used large-scale proteomic bioinformatics to profile characteristic mutations in human hev isolates associated to ribavirin treatment failure, chronic he ... | 2017 | 28727933 |
| isg15 modulates type-i interferon signaling and antiviral response during hepatitis e virus replication. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a single-stranded positive-sense rna virus, generally causes a self-limiting acute viral hepatitis, although chronic hev infection has recently become a significant clinical problem in immunocompromised individuals especially in solid organ transplant recipients. innate immunity, via type-i interferon (ifn) response, plays an important role during initial stages of a viral infection. isg15, an ifn-induced ubiquitin-like protein, is known to have an immunomodulatory role, ... | 2017 | 28724761 |
| hepatitis e virus-associated meningoencephalitis in a lung transplant recipient diagnosed by clinical metagenomic sequencing. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection uncommonly causes chronic hepatitis and neurologic disease. we describe a case of genotype 3a hev meningoencephalitis diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing, illustrating the power of an unbiased molecular approach to microbial testing and the first reported case of hev infection presumably acquired through lung transplantation. | 2017 | 28721353 |
| high hepatitis e seroprevalence among displaced persons in south sudan. | abstractlarge protracted outbreaks of hepatitis e virus (hev) have been documented in displaced populations in africa over the past decade though data are limited outside these exceptional settings. serological studies can provide insights useful for improving surveillance and disease control. we conducted an age-stratified serological survey using samples previously collected for another research study from 206 residents of an internally displaced person camp in juba, south sudan. we tested ser ... | 2017 | 28719276 |
| hepatitis e virus orf 1 induces proliferative and functional t-cell responses in patients with ongoing and resolved hepatitis e. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis with >3 million symptomatic cases per year accounting for 70 000 hev-related deaths. hev-specific t-cell responses have been investigated against structural proteins expressed by open reading frames (orf) 2 and 3. t-cell responses against non-structural hev proteins encoded by orf1 are hardly studied. the aim of this study was to determine hev orf1-specific t-cell responses in comparison to orf2/3 in patients exposed to hev. | 2017 | 28718943 |
| high hepatitis e virus antibody positive rates in dogs and humans exposed to dogs in the south-west of china. | hepatitis e (he) is a zoonotic viral disease caused by hepatitis e virus (hev). the objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hev infection among dogs and humans exposed to dogs in the south-west region of china. a total of 4,490 dog serum samples and 2,206 relative practitioner serum samples were collected from 18 pet hospitals and dog farms in yunnan, sichuan and guizhou province, and the anti-hev igg antibodies were detected by elisa. the results showed that the total posit ... | 2017 | 28714127 |
| development and validation of a new serum standard for the measurement of anti-hev antibodies in animals. | although hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a zoonosis, there is, currently, no standardized assay for quantitatively measuring anti-hev antibody levels in hev animal reservoirs. in this study, anti-hev antibody positive serum from a rabbit (rs26) was calibrated by dose-response parallel line assay using the world health organization (who) reference standard for anti-hev antibodies. after evaluating the stability of the rs26 serum, a quantification assay of anti-hev antibodies using rs26 as a ... | 2017 | 27487450 |
| acute liver failure - it's just a matter of cell death. | acute liver failure (alf) is characterized by a sudden loss of hepatic function due to hepatocyte cell death and dysfunction in previously healthy individuals. the clinical presentation of alf is associated with coagulopathy (international normalized ratio ≥1.5) and hepatic encephalopathy, although the latter may be less pronounced. without appropriate and timely intensive care or liver transplantation (ltx), alf will result in multi-organ failure and death. various causes may induce alf, with a ... | 2017 | 27170397 |
| hepatitis e virus: time to change the textbooks. | until recently, hepatitis e virus (hev) was thought not to occur in developed countries. it is now clear that locally acquired hev is common in such settings. hev infection acquired in these areas differs from that in developing countries in a number of important aspects: it is caused by genotype 3 (and 4 in china and japan), it mainly affects middle-aged/elderly males and it is zoonotic with a porcine primary host. pig herds worldwide are infected with hev genotype 3 and hev has been found in t ... | 2017 | 27170383 |
| the global burden of hepatitis e outbreaks: a systematic review. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is responsible for repeated water-borne outbreaks since the past century, representing an emerging issue in public health. however, the global burden of hev outbreak has not been comprehensively described. we performed a systematic review of confirmed hev outbreaks based on published literatures. hev outbreaks have mainly been reported from asian and african countries, and only a few from european and american countries. india represents a country with the highest number ... | 2017 | 27542764 |
| experimental infection of rabbits with genotype 3 hepatitis e virus produced both chronicity and kidney injury. | 2017 | 27196597 | |
| autochthonous infection with hepatitis e virus related to subtype 3a, france: a case report. | hepatitis e virus (hev) recently emerged in europe as a cause of autochthonous acute hepatitis and a porcine zoonosis. european autochthonous cases almost exclusively involved viruses of genotype 3, subtype 3a being only recently reported in france, from farm pigs. we report an autochthonous human infection with a hev related to subtype 3a in southeastern france. a 55-year-old human immunodeficiency virus-infected man presented liver cytolysis in june 2014. hev rna was detected in serum and thre ... | 2017 | 27049499 |
| study of hepatitis e virus infection of genotype 1 and 3 in mice with humanised liver. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is responsible for approximately 20 million infections per year worldwide. although most infected people can spontaneously clear an hev infection, immune-compromised individuals may evolve towards chronicity. chronic hev infection can be cured using ribavirin, but viral isolates with low ribavirin sensitivity have recently been identified. although some hev isolates can be cultured in vitro, in vivo studies are essentially limited to primates and pigs. since the use o ... | 2017 | 27006186 |
| time course of hepatitis e-specific antibodies in adults. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is highly endemic in industrialized countries, but there is a lack of knowledge on individual and overall antibody concentration dynamics. the aim of this study was to characterize longitudinal concentration changes of anti-hev immunoglobulin g (anti-hev igg) by enzyme immunoassay (eia). in total, 199 serum samples collected from 45 subjects over 18 years were analysed. a wide range of anti-hev igg levels was found. overall, anti-hev igg significantly decreased after an o ... | 2017 | 27699946 |
| hepatitis e virus seroprevalence among schistosomiasis patients in northeastern brazil. | hepatitis e virus (hev) can cause chronic infection with rapid progression to liver cirrhosis in immunocompromised patients. hev seroprevalence in patients with schistosoma mansoni in brazil is unknown. we evaluated the prevalence of past or present hev infection in schistosomiasis patients in recife, pernambuco, brazil. a total of 80 patients with schistosoma mansoni were consecutively enrolled in a cross-sectional study. serum samples were tested for the presence of anti-hev igg antibodies by ... | 2017 | 27020708 |
| review: approaches to the viral extraction, detection, and identification of hepatitis viruses, hav and hev, in foods. | although the incidence rate of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection has been on the decline in developed countries, in part due to immunization availability, high profile outbreaks continue to be reported. hepatitis e virus has been recognized as an emerging pathogen in industrialized countries. while associated with waterborne illnesses, particularly in undeveloped countries, several animal species have been identified as reservoirs for the virus. consequently, the potential of zoonotic transmissi ... | 2017 | 26846628 |
| recent trend of hepatitis e virus infection in chiba area, japan: 3 of 5 cases with rheumatoid arthritis. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is an emerging health concern in developing and developed countries, such as japan. five cases have recently been diagnosed as hepatitis e. of interest, 3 of them had rheumatoid arthritis (ra), although a previous study demonstrated a lack of association between hev and ra. one of the other patients developed autoimmune hepatitis and was successfully treated with corticosteroids approximately 150 days after the diagnosis of hepatitis e. in ra patients with liver ... | 2017 | 26600768 |
| hepatitis e virus and related viruses in animals. | hepatitis e is an acute human liver disease in healthy individuals which may eventually become chronic. it is caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev) and can have a zoonotic origin. nearly 57,000 people die yearly from hepatitis e-related conditions. the disease is endemic in both developing and developed countries with distinct epidemiologic profiles. in developing countries, the disease is associated with inadequate water treatment, while in developed countries, transmission is associated with a ... | 2017 | 25919649 |
| presence of hepatitis e virus in a red deer (cervus elaphus) population in central italy. | hepatitis e is an acute human disease caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev). in addition to humans, hev has been detected in several animal species and is recognized as a zoonotic pathogen. pigs, wild boar and deer can be reservoir. in this study, we evaluated hev prevalence in a free-living red deer (cervus elaphus) population in central italy by detecting virus-specific antibodies and rna in sera. a total of 35 of 251 red deer sera were positive for anti-hev igg. hev rna was detected in 10 of ... | 2017 | 25892400 |
| a case of hepatitis e in a blood donor. | the threat of hepatitis e is being felt in blood banks in recent times. the disease is usually self-limiting, but may progress to a fulminant fatal form. we report a unique case of a hepatitis e virus (hev)-positive asymptomatic blood donor who later developed jaundice and informed the blood bank. a blood donor passed all eligibility criteria tests and donated blood. after 20 days, the blood bank was informed by the donor that he had developed vomiting and jaundice 1 day postdonation. he was inv ... | 2017 | 25722580 |
| acute liver failure in pregnancy: causative and prognostic factors. | acute liver failure (alf) in pregnancy is often associated with a poor prognosis. in this single-center observational study we aim to study the incidence, causes, and factors affecting mortality in pregnant women with alf. | 2017 | 25672236 |
| first case genotype 4 hepatitis e infection after a liver transplant. | chronic hepatitis in immunosuppressed patients because of infection with hepatitis e virus is increasingly recognized, but there is a paucity of knowledge about hepatitis e virus infection in solid-organ transplant recipients. herein, we reported the first confirmatory case of hepatitis e virus genotype 4 infection in a 47-year-old woman who underwent a liver transplant recipient in taiwan. the patient presented with unexplained hepatitis and severe jaundice. hepatitis e virus rna was present in ... | 2017 | 26221721 |
| hepatitis e virus detection and quantification by an rt-qpcr assay calibrated to the world health organization standard for hev rna. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has emerged as a cause of chronic hepatitis among immunocompromised patients. molecular assays have become important tools for the diagnosis and management of these chronically-infected patients. a reverse transcription, real-time pcr (rt-qpcr) assay utilizing pleiades probe chemistry and an rna internal control for simultaneous detection and quantification of hev rna in human serum was developed based on adaptation of a previously described and broadly reactive primer se ... | 2017 | 28228493 |
| the added value of hepatitis e diagnostics in determining causes of hepatitis in routine diagnostic settings in the netherlands. | hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 is endemic in europe and an underdiagnosed and emerging (public) health issue. in recent years commercial enzyme immunoassays (eias) that detect antibodies to hev more adequately, became available. we investigated the added value of this hev serology in the diagnostic work flow to detect viral causes of recent hepatitis. | 2017 | 28285979 |
| guillain-barré syndrome following acute co-super-infection of hepatitis e virus and cytomegalovirus in a chronic hepatitis b virus carrier. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is a rare neurological complication of hepatitis b. gbs presence in acute hepatitis e virus (hev) and cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection is also sporadically reported. here, a rare case of gbs in a chronic hepatitis b virus carrier co-infected with hev and cmv was reported. based on the analysis on the progress of the manifestations and virus serological detection results, it could be concluded that gbs might mostly likely result from super-infection of hev and cmv. th ... | 2017 | 27358107 |
| a review of the current status of relevant zoonotic pathogens in wild swine (sus scrofa) populations: changes modulating the risk of transmission to humans. | many wild swine populations in different parts of the world have experienced an unprecedented demographic explosion that may result in increased exposure of humans to wild swine zoonotic pathogens. interactions between humans and wild swine leading to pathogen transmission could come from different ways, being hunters and game professionals the most exposed to acquiring infections from wild swine. however, increasing human settlements in semi-natural areas, outdoor activities, socio-economic cha ... | 2017 | 25953392 |
| inactivation of viruses and bacteriophages as models for swine hepatitis e virus in food matrices. | hepatitis e virus has been recognised as a food-borne virus hazard in pork products, due to its zoonotic properties. this risk can be reduced by adequate treatment of the food to inactivate food-borne viruses. we used a spectrum of viruses and bacteriophages to evaluate the effect of three food treatments: high pressure processing (hpp), lactic acid (la) and intense light pulse (ilp) treatments. on swine liver at 400 mpa for 10 min, hpp gave log10 reductions of ≥4.2, ≥5.0 and 3.4 for feline cali ... | 2017 | 27783334 |
| pathogenic escherichia coli and enteric viruses in biosolids and related top soil improvers in italy. | to investigate the presence of genomic traits associated with a set of enteric viruses as well as pathogenic escherichia coli in top soil improvers (tsi) from italy. | 2017 | 27684893 |
| experimental evaluation of faecal escherichia coli and hepatitis e virus as biological indicators of contacts between domestic pigs and eurasian wild boar. | domestic pigs and eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) share several important viral and bacterial pathogens. therefore, direct and indirect contacts between domestic pigs and wild boar present a risk of pathogen spillover and can lead to long-term perpetuation of infection. biological indicators could be a powerful tool to understand and characterize contacts between wild boar and domestic pigs. here, faecal escherichia coli and hepatitis e virus (hev) were explored as potential biological indicator ... | 2017 | 26190581 |
| severity and outcome of acute-on-chronic liver failure is dependent on the etiology of acute hepatic insults: analysis of 368 patients. | acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) may be precipitated by various hepatic insults. the present study evaluated the outcomes of aclf with different acute insults. | 2017 | 28296656 |
| evaluation of two vidas (®)prototypes for detecting anti-hev igg. | high performance anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) igg assays are crucial for epidemiology. | 2017 | 28249234 |
| recent advancements in combination subunit vaccine development. | viral structural proteins share a common nature of homotypic interactions that drive viral capsid formation. this natural process has been mimicked in vitro through recombinant technology to generate various virus-like particles (vlps) and small subviral particles that exhibit similar structural and antigenic properties of their authentic viruses. therefore, such self-assembled, polyvalent, and highly immunogenic vlps and small subviral particles are excellent subunit vaccines against individual ... | 2017 | 27649319 |
| history and global burden of viral hepatitis. | between 1963 and 1989, 5 hepatotropic viruses have been discovered that are the major causes of viral hepatitides worldwide: hepatitis a virus, hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis delta virus and hepatitis e virus. their epidemiology and pathogenesis have been studied in great detail. furthermore, the structure and genetic organization of their dna or rna genome including the viral life cycle have been elucidated and have been successfully translated into important clinic ... | 2017 | 27170381 |
| evaluation of two triplex one-step qrt-pcr assays for the quantification of human enteric viruses in environmental samples. | human enteric viruses are responsible for waterborne and shellfish-associated disease outbreaks worldwide. quantitative reverse transcription pcr (qrt-pcr) is often used to assess the health risks associated with shellfish and environmental water, but viral titres in sediments are less commonly investigated. in this study, we developed and validated two multiplex qrt-pcr assays for aquatic sediment and shellfish samples targeting viruses that are a common cause of gastroenteritis (norovirus gi, ... | 2017 | 28391510 |
| seroprevalence of hev antibodies in a sample of pregnant women in the city of messina. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is widespread in developing countries and the disease is also increasing in the developed ones. this infection in pregnancy can cause spontaneous abortion and neonatal death in 56% of newborns. | 2017 | 28383615 |
| hepatitis e: the current state of play. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute hepatitis globally. genotypes 1 and 2 (g1 and g2) are obligate human pathogens transmitted faeco-orally, leading to epidemics in developing countries. in contrast, genotypes 3 and 4 (g3 and g4) have a wider host range, including humans, but are primarily porcine viruses and are transmitted from animals to humans as a food-borne zoonosis when meat from an infected animal is consumed. hev is increasingly recognised as a problem in developed cou ... | 2017 | 28382704 |
| inclusion of an arg-gly-asp receptor-recognition motif into the capsid protein of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus enables culture of the virus in vitro. | rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv), an important member of the caliciviridae family, cannot be propagated in vitro, which has greatly impeded the progress of investigations into the mechanisms of pathogenesis, translation, and replication of this and related viruses. in this study, we have successfully bypassed this obstacle by constructing a mutant rhdv (mrhdv) by using a reverse genetics-technique. by changing two amino acids (305s→r, 307n→d), we produced a specific receptor recognition m ... | 2017 | 28381555 |
| autochthonous acute hepatitis e: an increasingly frequent diagnosis. clinical-epidemiological analysis of our experience. | in europe, acute hepatitis caused by the hepatitis e virus (hev) traditionally was an infection found in people who had travelled to endemic zones, mainly asia and africa. however, a growing number of sporadic autochthonous cases are now being diagnosed in the western world. | 2017 | 28376624 |
| chronic hepatitis e viral infection after liver transplantation: a regression of fibrosis following antiviral therapy. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is increasingly being reported in immunocompromised patients, and particularly organ transplant recipients. in this context, hev infection frequently evolves to chronic infection with a rapid progression of fibrosis to cirrhosis. ribavirin monotherapy and a minimisation of immunosuppression represent the treatment of choice, with a good response rate. however, no data are available on whether treatment can achieve a regression of liver fibrosis in chronic hev pa ... | 2017 | 28376032 |
| [the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis e virus in the czech republic: serological survey]. | to determine the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis e virus in the general population of the czech republic of age 15 to 64, to analyse the age and sex distribution of these antibodies, and to evaluate the benefit of the immunoblot test for the confirmation of the specificity of the enzyme immunoassay (eia) screening test. | 2017 | 28374592 |
| hepatitis e virus in wild rabbits and european brown hares in germany. | recently, a change of hepatitis e from being a typical travel-associated disease to an autochthonous zoonosis in germany was observed. an increasing number of autochthonous infections with the hepatitis e virus (hev) have been recognized in developed countries. venison from wild boar is already known to be a potential source of infection, if not prepared properly by the consumer. in germany, certain wild animals are known to be a reservoir for hev. however, current information is missing about e ... | 2017 | 28371421 |
| hepatitis e virus: a leading cause of waterborne viral hepatitis in northwest districts of punjab, india. | acute viral hepatitis (avh) caused by enterically transmitted hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev) poses a major health problem in developing countries such as india. despite improving sanitation, heath awareness, and socioeconomic conditions, these infections continue to occur both in sporadic as well as in epidemic forms in different parts of india. | 2017 | 28367028 |
| report of novel h105r, d29n, v27a mutations in the methyltransferase region of the hev genome in patients with acute liver failure. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) has been responsible for major outbreaks in the developing countries affecting millions of people and acute sporadic hepatitis worldwide. the hev methyltransferase is important for capping the 5'-end of the viral pregenomic rna which is critical for viral infection. | 2017 | 28359977 |
| racial differences in seroprevalence of hav and hev in blood donors in the western cape, south africa: a clue to the predominant hev genotype? | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is a major cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. this infection causes major water-borne outbreaks in low- and middle-income countries, whilst in industrialised countries this infection is zoonotic. these differences in epidemiology are related to different hev genotypes. hev genotype 3 is a zoonotic infection, whilst genotype 2 causes large outbreaks. this study determined the seroprevalence of hev in blood donors from the western cape. anti-hepatitis a virus (an ... | 2017 | 28357965 |
| asymptomatic acute hepatitis e in a female patient with ulcerative colitis. | we present a 60-year-old female patient with asymptomatic acute hepatitis e that was fortuitously detected during the course of ulcerative colitis (uc). she was admitted to hospital on october 30, 2015. endoscopy and histological examination of the colon showed typical findings of uc. all parameters of liver function tests were normal on this date. combination therapy with oral prednisolone and mesalazine was started and intravenous administration of infliximab once every 8 weeks was added later ... | 2017 | 28353200 |
| risk analysis and occurrence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in domestic swine in northeast brazil. | anti-hev antibodies were detected in animals from abattoir and in farms from northeast brazil. our results suggest that hev is highly disseminated in the swine population and might present a great risk to animal handlers and for consumption of raw or undercooked meat and meat products in northeast brazil. | 2017 | 28349492 |
| genetic and physicochemical analyses of a novel ferret hepatitis e virus, and clinical signs of infection after birth. | a novel cluster of five ferret hepatitis e virus (hev) strains was detected from nine laboratory ferrets (mustela putorius furo) imported from a ferret farm in the u.s. our detection of ferret hev rna and anti-hev antibodies, and alanine aminotransferase (alt) value assessment indicated that all of the 9 ferrets were infected with ferret hev, and that the infection exhibited three patterns: sub-clinical infection (n=2), acute hepatitis (n=6) and persistent infection (n=1). next-generation sequen ... | 2017 | 28347753 |
| hepatitis e virus-associated neurological injury in china. | 2017 | 28329245 | |
| cynomolgus monkeys are successfully and persistently infected with hepatitis e virus genotype 3 (hev-3) after long-term immunosuppressive therapy. | epidemiological studies found that hepatitis e virus genotype 3 (hev-3) infection was associated with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in immunocompromised patients. our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the host immunosuppressive status and the occurrence of hev-related chronic hepatitis. here we describe a successful experimental study, using cynomolgus monkeys previously treated with tacrolimus, a potent calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressant, and infected with a brazilian h ... | 2017 | 28328941 |
| assessment and risk modeling of airborne enteric viruses emitted from wastewater reused for irrigation. | reclamation of wastewater (ww) for irrigation, after treatment represents a challenge that could alleviate pressure on water resources and address the increasing demand for agriculture. however, the risks to human health must be assessed, particularly those related to human enteric viruses that resist standard treatments in most wastewater treatment plants (wwtp). the risks associated with exposure to viral bioaerosols near wwtp and near agricultural plots irrigated with ww are poorly documented ... | 2017 | 28320526 |
| occurrence of hepatitis a and e and norovirus gi and gii in ready-to-eat vegetables in italy. | fresh vegetables and their ready-to-eat (rte) salads have become increasingly recognized as potential vehicles for foodborne diseases. the eu reg. 1441/2007 establishes microbiological criteria for bacterial pathogens for products placed on the market during their shelf-life (i.e. salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes) for pre-cut fruits and vegetables (rte) whilst it does not address the problem of contamination by enteric viruses. in this study we investigated the contamination by hepatitis ... | 2017 | 28319799 |
| hepatitis e and pregnancy: current state. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is responsible for more than 50% of acute viral hepatitis cases in endemic countries. approximately 2 billion individuals live in hepatitis e-endemic areas and, therefore, are at risk of infection. according to world health organization, hev causes about 20.1 million infections and 70 000 deaths every year. in developing countries with poor sanitation, this disease is transmitted through contaminated water and is associated with large outbreaks, affecting hundreds or thou ... | 2017 | 28318080 |
| acute hepatitis e virus infection causing acute liver failure requiring living-donor liver transplantation in a non-pregnant immunocompetent woman. | we report a rare case of acute liver failure from acute hepatitis e virus (hev) in a non-pregnant woman without comorbidities who survived after liver transplantation. the source was likely consumption of partially cooked pig liver. hev genotype 3 is the second most common genotype causing acute hepatitis e in developed countries. fulminant hepatitis e rarely occurs without a risk factor, as in our patient. vigilant monitoring for chronic hepatitis e in post-transplant immunocompromised patients ... | 2017 | 28295889 |
| rabbit hepatitis e virus is an opportunistic pathogen in specific-pathogen-free rabbits with the capability of cross-species transmission. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has been detected in rabbits, a recently identified natural reservoir. in this study, anti-hev antibodies and viral rna were detected in rabbits sourced from a specific-pathogen-free (spf) rabbit vendor in shaanxi province, china. blast results of partial hev orf2 genes cloned here indicated that two viral strains circulated in the rabbits. sequence determination of the complete genome (7302bp) of one strain and a partial orf1 gene (1537bp) of the other strain showed that ... | 2017 | 28284626 |
| collaborative study for the establishment of the ph. eur. hepatitis e virus rna for nat testing biological reference preparation batch 1. | a new european pharmacopoeia (ph. eur.) biological reference preparation (brp) had to be established further to the decision to include nucleic acid testing (nat) for the detection of hepatitis e virus (hev) rna in the monograph human plasma (pooled and treated for virus inactivation) (1646). to this purpose, an international collaborative study was launched in the framework of the biological standardisation programme (bsp) of the european directorate for the quality of medicines & healthcare (e ... | 2017 | 28279253 |
| dynamics of 8g12 competitive antibody in "prime-boost" vaccination of hepatitis e vaccine. | hepatitis e virus still poses a great threat to public health worldwide. to date, hecolin® is the only licensed hev vaccine in china. total anti-hev antibody has been used to reflect vaccine induced immune response in clinical trials for the lack of robust hev neutralizing antibody detection methods. in this study, we applied a broad neutralizing mouse monoclonal antibody 8g12 to develop a competitive elsia assay and quantified 8g12 competitive antibody (8g12-like antibody) in serum samples. the ... | 2017 | 28272983 |
| erratum to: hepatitis e virus genotype 4 sequences detected in sewage from treatment plants of china. | 2017 | 28271397 | |
| erratum to: a systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis e virus in africa. | 2017 | 28257623 | |
| neuralgic amyotrophy triggered by hepatitis e virus: a particular phenotype. | the neuralgic amyotrophy may be of difficult diagnosis, due to phenotypic variability, with different initial presentations (upper plexus multiple mononeuropathy, lumbosacral involvement, distal reached, phrenic involvement). to date, there is little guidance on these patients' therapeutic management, especially those for which neuralgic amyotrophy is triggered by hepatitis e virus (hev-na). the study aims to identify specific features that characterize patients bearing the neuralgic amyotrophy ... | 2017 | 28247042 |
| rural habitat as risk factor for hepatitis e virus seroconversion in hiv-infected patients: a prospective longitudinal study. | our objective was to determine the incidence and clinical manifestations of acute hepatitis e virus (hev) in hiv-infected patients. a prospective longitudinal study including hiv-infected hev-seronegative patients was conducted; hev seroconversion (to igg and/or igm) was the main outcome variable. all patients were tested for hev antibodies every 3-6 months. for patients who developed hev seroconversion, a data collection protocol was followed to identify associated clinical manifestations and a ... | 2017 | 28236361 |
| transmission of hepatitis e virus infection to human-liver chimeric frg mice using patient plasma. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is considered as an important pathogen in developing countries but there is growing evidence of its increasing significance and prevalence in the western world. although most acute hev infections resolve spontaneously, chronicity has been observed in immunocompromised patients. the study of hev has been hampered by the absence of practical animal models. because the in vivo study of hev was essentially limited to primates and pigs we recently established the human-liver c ... | 2017 | 28232247 |
| [use the markov-decision tree model to optimize vaccination strategies of hepatitis e among women aged 15 to 49]. | objective: to evaluate the cost-utility of different hepatitis e vaccination strategies in women aged 15 to 49. methods: the markov-decision tree model was constructed to evaluate the cost-utility of three hepatitis e virus vaccination strategies. parameters of the models were estimated on the basis of published studies and experience of experts. both methods on sensitivity and threshold analysis were used to evaluate the uncertainties of the model. results: compared with non-vaccination group, ... | 2017 | 28231679 |
| mutational analysis of hepatitis e virus orf1 "y-domain": effects on rna replication and virion infectivity. | to investigate the role of non-structural open reading frame 1 "y-domain" sequences in the hepatitis e virus (hev) life cycle. | 2017 | 28216965 |
| genome sequence of a genotype 2 hepatitis e virus world health organization reference strain. | we report here the sequence of a genotype 2a reference strain of hepatitis e virus (hev), developed on behalf of the world health organization. the hev reference strain is intended for use in assays based on nucleic acid amplification for the validation of hev rna detection. | 2017 | 28209837 |
| autochthonous sporadic acute hepatitis e caused by two distinct subgenotype 3b hepatitis e virus strains with only 90% nucleotide identity. | hepatitis e, which is caused by hepatitis e virus (hev), is a public health concern in japan, where the zoonotic food-borne transmission of hev from domestic pigs and wild boars plays an important role. a 44-year-old japanese man with autochthonous sporadic acute hepatitis e was admitted with general fatigue and moderate liver dysfunction. in the present study, two distinct hev strains were recovered from the patient, who had consumed the raw or undercooked pig liver and intestine two or three t ... | 2017 | 28205112 |
| a novel subgenotype 3a hepatitis e virus isolated from pigs in china. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is an emerging disease with zoonotic transmission that represents a serious public health concern, especially in developing countries. here we characterize a novel hev strain ccst-517, which possesses a complete genome sequence of 7284 bp with typical hev genome organization including 5' and 3' non-coding regions and three open reading frames. the sequence identities of ccst-517 with known hev genotype 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 73.4-73.7, 73.2, 80.4-90.4, and 75.1-75. ... | 2017 | 28205052 |
| molecular epidemiology and strain comparison between hepatitis e virus in human sera and pig livers during 2014-2016 in hong kong. | hepatitis e virus (hev) causes substantial morbidity and mortality in developing countries and is considered an emerging food-borne pathogen in previously non-endemic developed countries. to investigate genetic association between human hev infection and hev-contaminated high-risk food in hong kong, we compared local virus strains obtained from hepatitis e patient sera with those surveyed from high-risk food items during 2014-2016. twenty-four cases of laboratory-confirmed human hev infections w ... | 2017 | 28202801 |
| genotype-specific evolution of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis globally. hev comprises four genotypes with different geographic distributions and host ranges. we utilise this natural case-control study for investigating the evolution of zoonotic viruses compared to single host viruses, using 244 near full length hev genomes. genome wide estimates of dn/ds located a region of overlapping reading frames, which is subject to positive selection in genotypes 3 and 4. the open reading frame ... | 2017 | 28202767 |
| hepatitis e virus infects neurons and brains. | 2017 | 28199701 | |
| assessment and evaluation of an integrated hybrid anaerobic-aerobic sewage treatment system for the removal of enteric viruses. | the capability of a cost-effective and a small size decentralized pilot wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) to remove enteric viruses such as rotavirus, norovirus genogroup i (ggi), norovirus genogroup ii (ggii), hepatitis e virus (hev), and adenovirus was studied. this pilot plant is an integrated hybrid anaerobic/aerobic setup which consisted of anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb), biological aerated filter (baf), and inclined plate settler (ips). both the uasb and baf are packed with a non-woven po ... | 2017 | 28197973 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of the hepatitis e virus in retail pork products marketed in canada. | infection with the hepatitis e virus (hev) is very common worldwide. hev causes acute viral hepatitis with approximately 20 million cases per year. while hev genotypes 1 and 2 cause large waterborne and foodborne outbreaks with a significant mortality in developing countries, genotypes 3 and 4 are more prevalent in developed countries with transmission being mostly zoonotic. in north america and europe, hev has been increasingly detected in swine, and exposure to pigs and pork products is consid ... | 2017 | 28197972 |
| rig-i is a key antiviral interferon-stimulated gene against hepatitis e virus dispensable of interferon production. | interferons (ifns) are broad antiviral cytokines that exert their function by inducing the transcription of hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (isgs). however, little is known about the antiviral potential of these cellular effectors on hepatitis e virus (hev) infection, the leading cause of acute hepatitis globally. in this study, we profiled the antiviral potential of a panel of important human isgs on hev replication in cell culture models by overexpression of individual isg. the mechani ... | 2017 | 28195391 |
| hepatitis e risks: pigs or blood-that is the question. | infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) genotype 3 is recognized as a food-borne zoonosis in developed countries where it usually causes a mild self-limited acute hepatitis. it may cause a persistent infection in the immunosuppressed human that can progress to cirrhosis. to protect the patient from transfusion-acquired hev infection, steps have been taken in the united kingdom to provide for at-risk patients only components from donors screened for hev viremia. this strategy does not protect from ... | 2017 | 28194857 |
| incidence and molecular characterization of hepatitis e virus from swine in eastern cape, south africa. | hepatitis e virus-mediated infection is a serious public health concern in economically developing nations of the world. globally, four major genotypes of hev have been documented. hepatitis e has been suggested to be zoonotic owing to the increase of evidence through various studies. thus far, this paper reports on prevalence of hepatitis e virus among swine herd in selected communal and commercial farms in the eastern cape province of south africa. a total of 160 faecal samples were collected ... | 2017 | 28191016 |
| isolation of hepatitis e virus genotype 4 from patients with acute cryptogenic hepatitis in korea. | autochthonous hepatitis e occurs sporadically in developed countries. the consumption of undercooked pork containing hepatitis e virus genotype 3 (hev-3) or 4 (hev-4) is the major risk factor for infection. the serological diagnostic kits currently used in hospitals sometimes produce false-negative or -positive results. therefore, detection of both hev rna and antibodies to the virus is required for confirmative diagnosis of hepatitis e. | 2017 | 28189935 |
| molecular and structural changes related to hepatitis e virus (hev) antigen and its expression in testis inducing apoptosis in mongolian gerbil model. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection has been associated with a wide range of extrahepatic manifestations, so this study was designed to examine the effect and role of hev on structural and molecular changes in the testicular tissues of mongolian gerbils experimentally infected with swine hev. hev rna was first detected in testis at 14 day post inoculation and reached a peak between 28 to 42 days later with viral load between 3.12 logs g-¹ to 6.23 logs g-¹ by pcr assays. microscopic changes showed ... | 2017 | 28182318 |
| a case of acute hepatitis e infection in a patient with non-hodgkin lymphoma treated successfully with ribavirin. | we present the case of a man who, following immunosuppressive treatment for non-hodgkin lymphoma, became infected with viral hepatitis e. acute hepatitis e virus infection should be considered in patients with deranged liver function on a background of haematological malignancies or immunosuppression, even without travel to endemic regions. whilst clearance is usually spontaneous in immune-competent individuals, these at-risk groups may develop a more complicated and protracted disease course. t ... | 2017 | 28182129 |
| hepatitis e virus in bottlenose dolphins tursiops truncatus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infects several animal species that act as zoonotic reservoirs for viral transmission. solid and liquid residues from infected animals could lead to hev contamination of food and surface waters. evidence of human hev infection through ingestion of seafood (shellfish, mussels) has been reported. dolphins generally feed on fish and squid but are able to adapt to an environment and consume whatever prey is available. clinical signs of infected dolphins include lethargy, inap ... | 2017 | 28177289 |
| hepatitis e infection among ghanaians: a systematic review. | hepatitis e virus (hev) infection is considered to be of significant public health importance in many developing countries. in this review, we aim to summarise studies on hev with the aim of providing a further understanding of the epidemiology of the disease in ghana. | 2017 | 28162095 |
| cost-effectiveness of the screening of blood donations for hepatitis e virus in the netherlands. | the incidence of hepatitis e virus (hev) has increased substantially in europe recently, thereby threatening blood safety. a cost-effectiveness analysis for hev screening of blood donations in the netherlands was performed. | 2017 | 28144956 |
| unique clinical courses of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e in patients with immunosuppression. | the high prevalence of specific immunoglobulin g for hepatitis e virus (hev) in japanese people raises the possibility of a high incidence of hev-viremic blood donors and therefore frequent transfusion-transmitted hev (tt-hev). | 2017 | 28144952 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in a patient with suspected drug-induced liver injury. | a 58 years old woman, known case of multiple sclerosis, was referred to the acute medical assessment unit for worsening liver function. she was recently started on a new drug (fingolimod) for multiple sclerosis. after excluding common causes of acute hepatitis in the community, a working diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury was made. when liver enzymes kept rising, further investigations were carried out, which revealed acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infection. this finding was unexpected, as t ... | 2017 | 28143860 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis e among boston area travelers, 2009-2010. | we determined the prevalence of igg antibodies to hepatitis e virus (anti-hev igg) among travelers attending boston-area travel health clinics from 2009 to 2010. pre-travel samples were available for 1,356 travelers, with paired pre- and post-travel samples for 450 (33%). eighty of 1,356 (6%) pre-travel samples were positive for anti-hev igg. compared with participants who had never lived in nor traveled to a highly endemic country, the pre-travel prevalence odds ratio (por) of anti-hev igg amon ... | 2017 | 28138055 |
| cytokine signatures discriminate highly frequent acute hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus co-infections from mono-infections in mexican pediatric patients. | the frequency of hav and hev infections and their cytokine profiles were analyzed in mexican pediatric patients with acute hepatitis. a high frequency of co-infections was found. significant overexpression of il-4, il-12, il-13 and ifn-gamma during hav mono-infections and limited secretion of cytokines in hev infections were observed. | 2017 | 28134747 |
| acute liver failure due to hepatitis e virus infection is associated with better survival than other etiologies in indian patients. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a global disease and an important cause of acute liver failure (alf) in the indian subcontinent. the aim of this study was to assess the differences in the course of hev-alf as compared to other etiologies of alf. | 2017 | 28130708 |
| detection of genotype 4 swine hepatitis e virus in systemic tissues in cross-species infected rabbits. | increasing evidence demonstrates that hepatitis e virus (hev) can be transmitted across species. according to previous reports, swine hev has two genotypes, genotype 3 and 4, and both can infect humans by the fecal-oral route. thus, it is crucial for the control of hev zoonotic transmission to evaluate the dynamics of viral shedding and distribution in different tissues during cross-species infection by hev. in this study, rabbits were infected with genotype 4 swine hev by the intraperitoneal ro ... | 2017 | 28129390 |